1
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Guan X, Han R, Asakura H, Wang B, Chen L, Yan JHC, Guan S, Keenan L, Hayama S, van Spronsen MA, Held G, Zhang J, Gu H, Ren Y, Zhang L, Yao Z, Zhu Y, Regoutz A, Tanaka T, Guo Y, Wang FR. Subsurface Single-Atom Catalyst Enabled by Mechanochemical Synthesis for Oxidation Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202410457. [PMID: 39004608 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202410457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Single-atom catalysts have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional atom utilization and unique properties. However, the practical application of these catalysts is often impeded by challenges such as sintering-induced instability and poisoning of isolated atoms due to strong gas adsorption. In this study, we employed the mechanochemical method to insert single Cu atoms into the subsurface of Fe2O3 support. By manipulating the location of single atoms at the surface or subsurface, catalysts with distinct adsorption properties and reaction mechanisms can be achieved. It was observed that the subsurface Cu single atoms in Fe2O3 remained isolated under both oxidation and reduction environments, whereas surface Cu single atoms on Fe2O3 experienced sintering under reduction conditions. The unique properties of these subsurface single-atom catalysts call for innovations and new understandings in catalyst design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuze Guan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Rong Han
- School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Hiroyuki Asakura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1, Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-Ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Bolun Wang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Jay Hon Cheung Yan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Shaoliang Guan
- Maxwell Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Luke Keenan
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Shusaku Hayama
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Matthijs A van Spronsen
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Georg Held
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Hao Gu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Yifei Ren
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Lun Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Zhangyi Yao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Yujiang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Anna Regoutz
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Tsunehiro Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-Ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yuzheng Guo
- School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Feng Ryan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
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2
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Chen Y, Liu X, Wang P, Mansoor M, Zhang J, Peng D, Han L, Zhang D. Challenges and Perspectives of Environmental Catalysis for NO x Reduction. JACS AU 2024; 4:2767-2791. [PMID: 39211630 PMCID: PMC11350593 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Environmental catalysis has attracted great interest in air and water purification. Selective catalytic reduction with ammonia (NH3-SCR) as a representative technology of environmental catalysis is of significance to the elimination of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) emitting from stationary and mobile sources. However, the evolving energy landscape in the nonelectric sector and the changing nature of fuel in motor vehicles present new challenges for NO x catalytic purification over the traditional NH3-SCR catalysts. These challenges primarily revolve around the application limitations of conventional industrial NH3-SCR catalysts, such as V2O5-WO3(MoO3)/TiO2 and chabazite (CHA) structured zeolites, in meeting both the severe requirements of high activity at ultralow temperatures and robust resistance to the wide array of poisons (SO2, HCl, phosphorus, alkali metals, and heavy metals, etc.) existing in more complex operating conditions of new application scenarios. Additionally, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) coexisting with NO x in exhaust gas has emerged as a critical factor further impeding the highly efficient reduction of NO x . Therefore, confronting the challenges inherent in current NH3-SCR technology and drawing from the established NH3-SCR reaction mechanisms, we discern that the strategic manipulation of the properties of surface acidity and redox over NH3-SCR catalysts constitutes an important pathway for increasing the catalytic efficiency at low temperatures. Concurrently, the establishment of protective sites and confined structures combined with the strategies for triggering antagonistic effects emerge as imperative items for strengthening the antipoisoning potentials of NH3-SCR catalysts. Finally, we contemplate the essential status of selective synergistic catalytic elimination technology for abating NO x and VOCs. By virtue of these discussions, we aim to offer a series of innovative guiding perspectives for the further advancement of environmental catalysis technology for the highly efficient NO x catalytic purification from nonelectric industries and motor vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Chen
- International Joint Laboratory
of Catalytic Chemistry, Innovation Institute of Carbon Neutrality,
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- International Joint Laboratory
of Catalytic Chemistry, Innovation Institute of Carbon Neutrality,
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Penglu Wang
- International Joint Laboratory
of Catalytic Chemistry, Innovation Institute of Carbon Neutrality,
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Maryam Mansoor
- International Joint Laboratory
of Catalytic Chemistry, Innovation Institute of Carbon Neutrality,
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhang
- International Joint Laboratory
of Catalytic Chemistry, Innovation Institute of Carbon Neutrality,
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Dengchao Peng
- International Joint Laboratory
of Catalytic Chemistry, Innovation Institute of Carbon Neutrality,
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Lupeng Han
- International Joint Laboratory
of Catalytic Chemistry, Innovation Institute of Carbon Neutrality,
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Dengsong Zhang
- International Joint Laboratory
of Catalytic Chemistry, Innovation Institute of Carbon Neutrality,
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s
Republic of China
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3
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Jabłońska M, Mollá Robles A, Rotko M, Vuong TH, Lei H, Lavrič Ž, Grilc M, Lukman MF, Valiullin R, Bertmer M, Möllmer J, Rabeah J, Pöppl A, Simon U, Gläser R. Unraveling the NH 3-SCR-DeNO x Mechanism of Cu-SSZ-13 Variants by Spectroscopic and Transient Techniques. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024:e202400198. [PMID: 39079047 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202400198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Commercial SSZ-13 zeolite with different n(Si)/n(Al) ratios and from different suppliers were subjected to a post-synthetic treatment in order to create mesopores of up to 15 nm. Furthermore, the materials were modified with copper ions and thoroughly physico-chemically characterized. The modified textural properties varied the nature of copper species, and thus, activity in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with ammonia (NH3-SCR-DeNOx). Pulsed-field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG-NMR) studies with hexane as probe liquid revealed improved intracrystalline diffusion for some Cu-containing SSZ-13 materials. The NH3-SCR-DeNOx pathways are verified via in situ DR UV-Vis, in situ FT-IR and EPR, temperature-programmed studies as well as SSITKA studies that provide a mechanistic understanding of the reaction. Kinetic modelling results demonstrate the highest NH3-SCR-DeNOx reaction rates and up to 20 % lower energy barriers with n(Si)/n(Al) ratio of 6.5 for all modified forms (i. e., (NH4)Cu-SSZ-13_6.5 and Cu-SSZ-13_6.5_NaOH/0.1) and cause only negligible parasitic ammonia oxidation. The modelling of the stop-flow experiments further demonstrates that the SCR pathway via the HONO surface intermediate is present but barely contributes to the overall NO conversion compared to the dominant path between adsorbed NH3 and NO from the gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Jabłońska
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alejandro Mollá Robles
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marek Rotko
- Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 3, 20-031, Lublin, Poland
| | - Thanh Huyen Vuong
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V., Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, D-18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Huarong Lei
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Žan Lavrič
- Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - Miha Grilc
- Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - Muhammad Fernadi Lukman
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 5, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rustem Valiullin
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 5, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marko Bertmer
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 5, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jens Möllmer
- Institut für Nichtklassische Chemie e. V., Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jabor Rabeah
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V., Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, D-18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Andreas Pöppl
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 5, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrich Simon
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Roger Gläser
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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4
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Goswami A, Krishna SH, Gounder R, Schneider WF. Kinetic Monte Carlo Analysis Reveals Non-mean-field Active Site Dynamics in Cu-Zeolite-Catalyzed NO x Reduction. ACS Catal 2024; 14:8376-8388. [PMID: 38868104 PMCID: PMC11166141 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.4c01856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Copper-exchanged chabazite (Cu-CHA) zeolites are the preferred catalysts for the selective catalytic reduction of NO x with NH3. The low temperature (473 K) SCR mechanism proceeds through a redox cycle between mobile and ammonia-solvated Cu(I) and Cu(II) complexes, as demonstrated by multiple experimental and computational investigations. The oxidation step requires two Cu(I) to migrate into the same cha cage to activate O2 and form a binuclear Cu(II)-di-oxo complex. Prior steady state and transient kinetic experiments find that the apparent rate constants for oxidation (per Cu ion) are sensitive to catalyst composition and follow nonmean-field kinetics. We develop a nonmean-field kinetic model for NO x SCR that incorporates a composition-dependent Cu(I) volumetric footprint centered at anionic [AlO4]- tetrahedral sites on the CHA lattice. We use Bayesian optimization to parameterize a kinetic Monte Carlo model against available experimental composition-dependent SCR rates and in situ Cu(II) fractions. We find that both rates and Cu(II) fractions of a majority of catalyst compositions can be captured by single oxidation and reduction rate constants combined with a composition-dependent Cu(I) cation footprint, highlighting the contributions of both Cu and Al densities to steady-state SCR performance of Cu-CHA. The work illustrates a pathway for extracting robust molecular insights from the kinetics of a dynamic catalytic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshuman Goswami
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre
Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Siddarth H. Krishna
- Charles
D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Rajamani Gounder
- Charles
D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - William F. Schneider
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre
Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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5
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Gerz I, Aunan ES, Finelli V, Abu Rasheed M, Deplano G, Cortez S P R, Schmidtke IL, Wragg DS, Signorile M, Hylland KT, Borfecchia E, Lillerud KP, Bordiga S, Olsbye U, Amedjkouh M. Enabling a bioinspired N, N, N-copper coordination motif through spatial control in UiO-67: synthesis and reactivity. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:8141-8153. [PMID: 38483202 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03096b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) featuring zirconium-based clusters are widely used for the development of functionalized materials due to their exceptional stability. In this study, we report the synthesis of a novel N,N,N-ligand compatible with a biphenyl dicarboxylic acid-based MOF. However, the resulting copper(I) complex exhibited unexpected coordination behaviour, lacking the intended trifold coordination motif. Herein, we demonstrate the successful immobilization of a bioinspired ligand within the MOF, which preserved its crystalline and porous nature while generating a well-defined copper site. Comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, including X-ray absorption, UV/Vis, and infrared spectroscopy, were conducted to investigate the copper site and its thermal behaviour. The immobilized ligand exhibited the desired tridentate coordination to copper, providing access to a coordination motif otherwise unattainable. Notably, water molecules were also found to coordinate to copper. Upon heating, the copper centre within the MOF exhibited reversible dehydration, suggesting facile creation of open coordination sites. Furthermore, the copper site displayed reduction at elevated temperatures and subsequent susceptibility to oxidation by molecular oxygen. Lastly, both the molecular complexes and the MOF were evaluated as catalysts for the oxidation of cyclohexane using hydrogen peroxide. This work highlights the successful immobilization of a bioinspired ligand in a zirconium-based MOF, shedding light on the structural features, thermal behaviour, and catalytic potential of the resulting copper sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Gerz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Erlend S Aunan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Valeria Finelli
- Department of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, Università di Torino, Via G. Quarello 15/A, I-10135, and Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125, Turin, Italy
- University School for Advanced Studies, IUSS Pavia, Palazzo del Broletto, Piazza della Vittoria 15, I-27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mouhammad Abu Rasheed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Gabriele Deplano
- Department of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, Università di Torino, Via G. Quarello 15/A, I-10135, and Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Rafael Cortez S P
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Inga L Schmidtke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - David S Wragg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Matteo Signorile
- Department of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, Università di Torino, Via G. Quarello 15/A, I-10135, and Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Knut T Hylland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Elisa Borfecchia
- Department of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, Università di Torino, Via G. Quarello 15/A, I-10135, and Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Karl Petter Lillerud
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Silvia Bordiga
- Department of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, Università di Torino, Via G. Quarello 15/A, I-10135, and Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Unni Olsbye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Mohamed Amedjkouh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
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6
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Yin Y, Luo B, Li K, Moskowitz BM, Mosevitzky Lis B, Wachs IE, Zhu M, Sun Y, Zhu T, Li X. Plasma-assisted manipulation of vanadia nanoclusters for efficient selective catalytic reduction of NO x. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3592. [PMID: 38678057 PMCID: PMC11055856 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47878-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Supported nanoclusters (SNCs) with distinct geometric and electronic structures have garnered significant attention in the field of heterogeneous catalysis. However, their directed synthesis remains a challenge due to limited efficient approaches. This study presents a plasma-assisted treatment strategy to achieve supported metal oxide nanoclusters from a rapid transformation of monomeric dispersed metal oxides. As a case study, oligomeric vanadia-dominated surface sites were derived from the classic supported V2O5-WO3/TiO2 (VWT) catalyst and showed nearly an order of magnitude increase in turnover frequency (TOF) value via an H2-plasma treatment for selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3. Such oligomeric surface VOx sites were not only successfully observed and firstly distinguished from WOx and TiO2 by advanced electron microscopy, but also facilitated the generation of surface amide and nitrates intermediates that enable barrier-less steps in the SCR reaction as observed by modulation excitation spectroscopy technologies and predicted DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yin
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Bingcheng Luo
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Kezhi Li
- Institute of Engineering Technology, Sinopec Catalyst Co. Ltd., Beijing, 101111, China
| | - Benjamin M Moskowitz
- Operando Molecular Spectroscopy & Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
| | - Bar Mosevitzky Lis
- Operando Molecular Spectroscopy & Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
| | - Israel E Wachs
- Operando Molecular Spectroscopy & Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA.
| | - Minghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Ye Sun
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tianle Zhu
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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7
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Fu Y, Ding W, Lei H, Sun Y, Du J, Yu Y, Simon U, Chen P, Shan Y, He G, He H. Spatial Distribution of Brønsted Acid Sites Determines the Mobility of Reactive Cu Ions in the Cu-SSZ-13 Catalyst during the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO x with NH 3. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:11141-11151. [PMID: 38600025 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The formation of dimer-Cu species, which serve as the active sites of the low-temperature selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3 (NH3-SCR), relies on the mobility of CuI species in the channels of the Cu-SSZ-13 catalysts. Herein, the key role of framework Brønsted acid sites in the mobility of reactive Cu ions was elucidated via a combination of density functional theory calculations, in situ impedance spectroscopy, and in situ diffuse reflectance ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. When the number of framework Al sites decreases, the Brønsted acid sites decrease, leading to a systematic increase in the diffusion barrier for [Cu(NH3)2]+ and less formation of highly reactive dimer-Cu species, which inhibits the low-temperature NH3-SCR reactivity and vice versa. When the spatial distribution of Al sites is uneven, the [Cu(NH3)2]+ complexes tend to migrate from an Al-poor cage to an Al-rich cage (e.g., cage with paired Al sites), which effectively accelerates the formation of dimer-Cu species and hence promotes the SCR reaction. These findings unveil the mechanism by which framework Brønsted acid sites influence the intercage diffusion and reactivity of [Cu(NH3)2]+ complexes in Cu-SSZ-13 catalysts and provide new insights for the development of zeolite-based catalysts with excellent SCR activity by regulating the microscopic spatial distribution of framework Brønsted acid sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Wenqing Ding
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341119, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Huarong Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Yu Sun
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jinpeng Du
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yunbo Yu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341119, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ulrich Simon
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Peirong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yulong Shan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Guangzhi He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341119, China
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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8
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Wang H, Murayama T, Ishida T, Shimizu KI, Sakaguchi N, Yamaguchi K, Miura H, Shishido T. The Development of the Regenerable Catalytic System in Selective Catalytic Oxidation of Ammonia with High N 2 Selectivity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:18693-18702. [PMID: 38572967 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Supported particulate noble-metal catalysts are widely used in industrial catalytic reactions. However, these metal species, whether in the form of nanoparticles or highly dispersed entities, tend to aggregate during reactions, leading to a reduced activity or selectivity. Addressing the frequent necessity for the replacement of industrial catalysts remains a significant challenge. Herein, we demonstrate the feasibility of the 'regenerable catalytic system' exemplified by selective catalytic oxidation of ammonia (NH3-SCO) employing Ag/Al2O3 catalysts. Results demonstrate that our highly dispersed Ag catalyst (Ag HD) maintains >90% N2 selectivity at 80% NH3 conversion and >80% N2 selectivity at 100% NH3 conversion after enduring 5 cycles of reducible aggregation and oxidative dispersion. Moreover, it consistently upholds over 98% N2 selectivity at 100% NH3 conversion after 10 cycles of Ar treatment. During the aggregation-dispersion process, the Ag HD catalyst intentionally aggregated into Ag nanoparticles (Ag NP) after H2 reduction and exhibited remarkable regenerable capabilities, returning to the Ag HD state after calcination in the air. This structural evolution was characterized through in situ transmission electron microscopy, atomically resolved high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy, revealing the on-site oxidative dispersion of Ag NP. Additionally, in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy provided insights into the exceptional N2 selectivity on Ag HD catalysts, elucidating the critical role of NO+ intermediates. Our findings suggest a sustainable and cost-effective solution for various industry applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
- Research Center for Hydrogen Energy-Based Society, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Toru Murayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
- Research Center for Hydrogen Energy-Based Society, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Gold Catalysis and Engineering, Shandong Applied Research Center of Gold Nanotechnology (Au-SDARC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Tamao Ishida
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
- Research Center for Hydrogen Energy-Based Society, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Shimizu
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Norihito Sakaguchi
- Laboratory of Integrated Function Materials, Center for Advanced Research of Energy and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Kazuya Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Hiroki Miura
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
- Research Center for Hydrogen Energy-Based Society, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8520, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Shishido
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
- Research Center for Hydrogen Energy-Based Society, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8520, Japan
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9
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Bols ML, Ma J, Rammal F, Plessers D, Wu X, Navarro-Jaén S, Heyer AJ, Sels BF, Solomon EI, Schoonheydt RA. In Situ UV-Vis-NIR Absorption Spectroscopy and Catalysis. Chem Rev 2024; 124:2352-2418. [PMID: 38408190 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
This review highlights in situ UV-vis-NIR range absorption spectroscopy in catalysis. A variety of experimental techniques identifying reaction mechanisms, kinetics, and structural properties are discussed. Stopped flow techniques, use of laser pulses, and use of experimental perturbations are demonstrated for in situ studies of enzymatic, homogeneous, heterogeneous, and photocatalysis. They access different time scales and are applicable to different reaction systems and catalyst types. In photocatalysis, femto- and nanosecond resolved measurements through transient absorption are discussed for tracking excited states. UV-vis-NIR absorption spectroscopies for structural characterization are demonstrated especially for Cu and Fe exchanged zeolites and metalloenzymes. This requires combining different spectroscopies. Combining magnetic circular dichroism and resonance Raman spectroscopy is especially powerful. A multitude of phenomena can be tracked on transition metal catalysts on various supports, including changes in oxidation state, adsorptions, reactions, support interactions, surface plasmon resonances, and band gaps. Measurements of oxidation states, oxygen vacancies, and band gaps are shown on heterogeneous catalysts, especially for electrocatalysis. UV-vis-NIR absorption is burdened by broad absorption bands. Advanced analysis techniques enable the tracking of coking reactions on acid zeolites despite convoluted spectra. The value of UV-vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy to catalyst characterization and mechanistic investigation is clear but could be expanded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max L Bols
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology (LCT), University of Ghent, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 125, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fatima Rammal
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dieter Plessers
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xuejiao Wu
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sara Navarro-Jaén
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alexander J Heyer
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Bert F Sels
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Edward I Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Robert A Schoonheydt
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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10
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Fu Y, Sun Y, Shan Y, Chen J, Du J, He G, He H. Unexpected Promotion Effect of H 2O on the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO x with NH 3 over Cu-SSZ-39 Catalysts. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38314553 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c07265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Water molecules commonly inhibit the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3 on most catalysts, and water resistance is a long-standing challenge for SCR technology. Herein, by combining experimental measurements and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we found that water molecules do not inhibit and even promote the NOx conversion to some extent over the Cu-SSZ-39 zeolites, a promising SCR catalyst. Water acting as a ligand on active Cu sites and as a reactant in the SCR reaction significantly improves the O2 activation performance and reduces the overall energy barrier of the catalytic cycle. This work unveils the mechanism of the unexpected promotion effect of water on the NH3-SCR reaction over Cu-SSZ-39 and provides fundamental insight into the development of zeolite-based SCR catalysts with excellent activity and water resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Sun
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yulong Shan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Junlin Chen
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341119, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jinpeng Du
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Guangzhi He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341119, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
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11
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Molokova AY, Abasabadi RK, Borfecchia E, Mathon O, Bordiga S, Wen F, Berlier G, Janssens TVW, Lomachenko KA. Elucidating the reaction mechanism of SO 2 with Cu-CHA catalysts for NH 3-SCR by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11521-11531. [PMID: 37886093 PMCID: PMC10599480 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03924b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of Cu-CHA catalysts for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx by ammonia (NH3-SCR) in exhaust systems of diesel vehicles requires the use of fuel with low sulfur content, because the Cu-CHA catalysts are poisoned by higher concentrations of SO2. Understanding the mechanism of the interaction between the Cu-CHA catalyst and SO2 is crucial for elucidating the SO2 poisoning and development of efficient catalysts for SCR reactions. Earlier we have shown that SO2 reacts with the [Cu2II(NH3)4O2]2+ complex that is formed in the pores of Cu-CHA upon activation of O2 in the NH3-SCR cycle. In order to determine the products of this reaction, we use X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at the Cu K-edge and S K-edge, and X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) for Cu-CHA catalysts with 0.8 wt% Cu and 3.2 wt% Cu loadings. We find that the mechanism for SO2 uptake is similar for catalysts with low and high Cu content. We show that the SO2 uptake proceeds via an oxidation of SO2 by the [Cu2II(NH3)4O2]2+ complex, resulting in the formation of different CuI species, which do not react with SO2, and a sulfated CuII complex that is accumulated in the pores of the zeolite. The increase of the SO2 uptake upon addition of oxygen to the SO2-containing feed, evidenced by X-ray adsorbate quantification (XAQ) and temperature-programmed desorption of SO2, is explained by the re-oxidation of the CuI species into the [Cu2II(NH3)4O2]2+ complexes, which makes them available for reaction with SO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Yu Molokova
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility 71 avenue des Martyrs CS 40220 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9 France
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Turin via Giuria 7 10125 Turin Italy
| | - Reza K Abasabadi
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Turin via Giuria 7 10125 Turin Italy
- Umicore Denmark ApS Kogle Allé 1 2970 Hørsholm Denmark
| | - Elisa Borfecchia
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Turin via Giuria 7 10125 Turin Italy
| | - Olivier Mathon
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility 71 avenue des Martyrs CS 40220 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Silvia Bordiga
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Turin via Giuria 7 10125 Turin Italy
| | - Fei Wen
- Umicore AG & Co Rodenbacher Chaussee 4 63457 Hanau Germany
| | - Gloria Berlier
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Turin via Giuria 7 10125 Turin Italy
| | | | - Kirill A Lomachenko
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility 71 avenue des Martyrs CS 40220 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9 France
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12
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Chen D, Khetan A, Lei H, Rizzotto V, Yang JY, Jiang J, Sun Q, Peng B, Chen P, Palkovits R, Ye D, Simon U. Copper Site Motion Promotes Catalytic NO x Reduction under Zeolite Confinement. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:16121-16130. [PMID: 37842921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia-mediated selective catalytic reduction (NH3-SCR) is currently the key approach to abate nitrogen oxides (NOx) emitted from heavy-duty lean-burn vehicles. The state-of-art NH3-SCR catalysts, namely, copper ion-exchanged chabazite (Cu-CHA) zeolites, perform rather poorly at low temperatures (below 200 °C) and are thus incapable of eliminating effectively NOx emissions under cold-start conditions. Here, we demonstrate a significant promotion of low-temperature NOx reduction by reinforcing the dynamic motion of zeolite-confined Cu sites during NH3-SCR. Combining complex impedance-based in situ spectroscopy (IS) and extended density-functional tight-binding molecular dynamics simulation, we revealed an environment- and temperature-dependent nature of the dynamic Cu motion within the zeolite lattice. Further coupling in situ IS with infrared spectroscopy allows us to unravel the critical role of monovalent Cu in the overall Cu mobility at a molecular level. Based on these mechanistic understandings, we elicit a boost of NOx reduction below 200 °C by reinforcing the dynamic Cu motion in various Cu-zeolites (Cu-CHA, Cu-ZSM-5, Cu-Beta, etc.) via facile postsynthesis treatments, either in a reductive mixture at low temperatures (below 250 °C) or in a nonoxidative atmosphere at high temperatures (above 450 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Abhishek Khetan
- Multiscale Modelling of Heterogeneous Catalysis in Energy Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstrasse 8, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Huarong Lei
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, 510006 Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Valentina Rizzotto
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Jia-Yue Yang
- Optics & Thermal Radiation Research Center, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, China
| | - Jiuxing Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiming Sun
- Innovation Center for Chemical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, China
| | - Baoxiang Peng
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Peirong Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Regina Palkovits
- Chair of Heterogeneous Catalysis and Chemical Technology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Daiqi Ye
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Ulrich Simon
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, 52074 Aachen Germany
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13
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Shen Z, Wang P, Hu X, Qu W, Liu X, Zhang D. Ultrahighly Alkali-Tolerant NO x Reduction over Self-Adaptive CePO 4/FePO 4 Catalysts. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:14472-14481. [PMID: 37695840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Catalyst deactivation caused by alkali metal poisoning has long been a key bottleneck in the application of selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3 (NH3-SCR), limiting the service life of the catalyst and increasing the cost of environmental protection. Despite great efforts, continuous accumulation of alkali metal deposition makes the resistance capacity of 2 wt % K2O difficult to enhance via merely loading acid sites on the surface, resulting in rapid deactivation and frequent replacement of the NH3-SCR catalyst. To further improve the resistance of alkali metals, encapsulating alkali metals into the bulk phase could be a promising strategy. The bottleneck of 2 wt % K2O tolerance has been solved by virtue of ultrahigh potassium storage capacity in the amorphous FePO4 bulk phase. Amorphous FePO4 as a support of the NH3-SCR catalyst exhibited a self-adaptive alkali-tolerance mechanism, where potassium ions spontaneously migrated into the bulk phase of amorphous FePO4 and were anchored by PO43- with the generation of Fe2O3 at the NH3-SCR reaction temperature. This ingenious potassium storage mechanism could boost the K2O resistance capacity to 6 wt % while maintaining approximately 81% NOx conversion. Besides, amorphous FePO4 also exhibited excellent resistance to individual and coexistence of alkali (K2O and Na2O), alkali earth (CaO), and heavy metals (PbO and CdO), providing long durability for CePO4/FePO4 catalysts in flue gas with multipollutants. The cheap and accessible amorphous FePO4 paves the way for the development and implementation of poisoning-resistant NOx abatement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, School of Materials Science and Engineering, International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Penglu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, School of Materials Science and Engineering, International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiaonan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, School of Materials Science and Engineering, International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Wenqiang Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, School of Materials Science and Engineering, International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, School of Materials Science and Engineering, International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Dengsong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, School of Materials Science and Engineering, International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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14
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Song K, Guo K, Mao S, Ma D, Lv Y, He C, Wang H, Cheng Y, Shi JW. Insight into the Origin of Excellent SO 2 Tolerance and de-NO x Performance of quasi-Mn-BTC in the Low-Temperature Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Oxide. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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15
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Krishna SH, Goswami A, Wang Y, Jones CB, Dean DP, Miller JT, Schneider WF, Gounder R. Influence of framework Al density in chabazite zeolites on copper ion mobility and reactivity during NOx selective catalytic reduction with NH3. Nat Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-023-00932-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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16
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Xie M, Xiao X, Wang J, Chen J, Kang H, Wang N, Chu W, Li L. Mechanistic insights into the cobalt promotion on low-temperature NH3-SCR reactivity of Cu/SSZ-13. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
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17
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Nasello ND, Usberti N, Iacobone U, Gramigni F, Hu W, Liu S, Nova I, Gao X, Tronconi E. Dual-Site RHC and OHC Transient Kinetics Predict Low-T Standard SCR Steady-State Rates over a Cu-CHA Catalyst. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c06071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Daniela Nasello
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156Milano, Italy
| | - Nicola Usberti
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156Milano, Italy
| | - Umberto Iacobone
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156Milano, Italy
| | - Federica Gramigni
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156Milano, Italy
| | - Wenshuo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, 310027Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaojun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, 310027Hangzhou, China
| | - Isabella Nova
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156Milano, Italy
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, 310027Hangzhou, China
| | - Enrico Tronconi
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156Milano, Italy
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18
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Luo J, Xu H, Liang X, Wu S, Liu Z, Tie Y, Li M, Yang D. Research progress on selective catalytic reduction of NOx by NH3 over copper zeolite catalysts at low temperature: reaction mechanism and catalyst deactivation. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-022-04938-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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19
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Abdul Nasir J, Guan J, Keal TW, Desmoutier AW, Lu Y, Beale AM, Catlow CRA, Sokol AA. Influence of Solvent on Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides with Ammonia over Cu-CHA Zeolite. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 145:247-259. [PMID: 36548055 PMCID: PMC9837844 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The copper-exchanged zeolite Cu-CHA has received considerable attention in recent years, owing to its application in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx species. Here, we study the NH3-SCR reaction mechanism on Cu-CHA using the hybrid quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) technique and investigate the effects of solvent on the reactivity of active Cu species. To this end, a comparison is made between water- and ammonia-solvated and bare Cu species. The results show the promoting effect of solvent on the oxidation component of the NH3-SCR cycle since the formation of important nitrate species is found to be energetically more favorable on the solvated Cu sites than in the absence of solvent molecules. Conversely, both solvent molecules are predicted to inhibit the reduction component of the NH3-SCR cycle. Diffuse reflectance infrared fourier-transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) experiments exploiting (concentration) modulation excitation spectroscopy (MES) and phase-sensitive detection (PSD) identified spectroscopic signatures of Cu-nitrate and Cu-nitrosamine (H2NNO), important species which had not been previously observed experimentally. This is further supported by the QM/MM-calculated harmonic vibrational analysis. Additional insights are provided into the reactivity of solvated active sites and the formation of key intermediates including their formation energies and vibrational spectroscopic signatures, allowing the development of a detailed understanding of the reaction mechanism. We demonstrate the role of solvated active sites and their influence on the energetics of important species that must be explicitly considered for an accurate understanding of NH3-SCR kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Abdul Nasir
- Department
of Chemistry, Kathleen Lonsdale Materials Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, LondonWC1H 0AJ, U.K.,
| | - Jingcheng Guan
- Department
of Chemistry, Kathleen Lonsdale Materials Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, LondonWC1H 0AJ, U.K.
| | - Thomas W. Keal
- Scientific
Computing Department, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, WarringtonWA4 4AD, U.K.
| | - Alec W. Desmoutier
- Department
of Chemistry, Kathleen Lonsdale Materials Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, LondonWC1H 0AJ, U.K.
| | - You Lu
- Scientific
Computing Department, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, WarringtonWA4 4AD, U.K.
| | - Andrew M. Beale
- Department
of Chemistry, Christopher Ingold Building, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, LondonWC1H 0AJ, U.K.,UK
Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, R92 Harwell, OxfordshireOX11 0FA, U.K.
| | - C. Richard A. Catlow
- Department
of Chemistry, Kathleen Lonsdale Materials Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, LondonWC1H 0AJ, U.K.,UK
Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, R92 Harwell, OxfordshireOX11 0FA, U.K.,School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K.,
| | - Alexey A. Sokol
- Department
of Chemistry, Kathleen Lonsdale Materials Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, LondonWC1H 0AJ, U.K.,
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20
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Bozbağ SE, Sarı TB, Karadağ GH, Şanlı D, Özener B, Hisar G, Erkey C. Origins of Bi-modal NO conversion behavior in NH3-SCR over Cu-chabazite revealed by mass transfer and surface kinetics analysis. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.118093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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21
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Research Progress on Sulfur Deactivation and Regeneration over Cu-CHA Zeolite Catalyst. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12121499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Benefiting from the exceptional selective catalytic reduction of NOx with ammonia (NH3-SCR) activity, excellent N2 selectivity, and superior hydrothermal durability, the Cu2+-exchanged zeolite catalyst with a chabazite structure (Cu-CHA) has been considered the predominant SCR catalyst in nitrogen oxide (NOx) abatement. However, sulfur poisoning remains one of the most significant deterrents to the catalyst in real applications. This review summarizes the NH3-SCR reaction mechanism on Cu-CHA, including the active sites and the nature of hydrothermal aging resistance. On the basis of the NH3-SCR reaction mechanism, the review gives a comprehensive summary of sulfate species, sulfate loading, emitted gaseous composition, and the impact of exposure temperature/time on Cu-CHA. The nature of the regeneration of sulfated catalysts is also covered in this review. The review gives a valuable summary of new insights into the matching between the design of NH3-SCR activity and sulfur resistance, highlighting the opportunities and challenges presented by Cu-CHA. Guidance for future sulfur poisoning diagnosis, effective regeneration strategies, and a design for an efficient catalyst for the aftertreatment system (ATS) are proposed to minimize the deterioration of NOx abatement in the future. Finally, we call for more attention to be paid to the effects of PO43- and metal co-cations with sulfur in the ATS.
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22
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Liang X, Fu N, Yao S, Li Z, Li Y. The Progress and Outlook of Metal Single-Atom-Site Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:18155-18174. [PMID: 36175359 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Single-atom-site catalysts (SASCs) featuring maximized atom utilization and isolated active sites have progressed tremendously in recent years as a highly prosperous branch of catalysis research. Varieties of SASCs have been developed that show excellent performance in many catalytic applications. The major goal of SASC research is to establish feasible synthetic strategies for the preparation of high-performance catalysts, to achieve an in-depth understanding of the active-site structures and catalytic mechanisms, and to develop practical catalysts with industrial value. This Perspective describes the up-to-date development of SASCs and related catalysts, such as dual-atom-site catalysts (DASCs) and nano-single-atom-site catalysts (NSASCs), analyzes the current challenges encountered by these catalysts for industrial applications, and proposes their possible future development path.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ninghua Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Shuangchao Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Yadong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
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23
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Signorile M, Borfecchia E, Bordiga S, Berlier G. Influence of ion mobility on the redox and catalytic properties of Cu ions in zeolites. Chem Sci 2022; 13:10238-10250. [PMID: 36277636 PMCID: PMC9473501 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03565k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This contribution aims at analysing the current understanding about the influence of Al distribution, zeolite topology, ligands/reagents and oxidation state on ions mobility in Cu-zeolites, and its relevance toward reactivity of the metal sites. The concept of Cu mobilization has been originally observed in the presence of ammonia, favouring the activation of oxygen by formation of NH3 oxo-bridged complexes in zeolites and opening a new perspective about the chemistry in single-site zeolite-based catalysts, in particular in the context of the NH3-mediated Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO x (NH3-SCR) processes. A different mobility of bare Cu+/Cu2+ ions has been documented too, showing for Cu+ a better mobilization than for Cu2+ also in absence of ligands. These concepts can have important consequences for the formation of Cu-oxo species, active and selective in other relevant reactions, such as the direct conversion of methane to methanol. Here, assessing the structure, the formation pathways and reactivity of Cu-oxo mono- or multimeric moieties still represents a challenging playground for chemical scientists. Translating the knowledge about Cu ions mobility and redox properties acquired in the context of NH3-SCR reaction into the field of direct conversion of methane to methanol can have important implications for a better understanding of transition metal ions redox properties in zeolites and for an improved design of catalysts and catalytic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Signorile
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, Università di Torino Via P. Giuria 7 Torino 10125 Italy
| | - Elisa Borfecchia
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, Università di Torino Via P. Giuria 7 Torino 10125 Italy
| | - Silvia Bordiga
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, Università di Torino Via P. Giuria 7 Torino 10125 Italy
| | - Gloria Berlier
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, Università di Torino Via P. Giuria 7 Torino 10125 Italy
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24
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Khurana I, Albarracin-Caballero JD, Shih AJ. Identification and quantification of multinuclear Cu active sites derived from monomeric Cu moieties for dry NO oxidation over Cu-SSZ-13. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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25
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Abstract
Zeolites with ordered microporous systems, distinct framework topologies, good spatial nanoconfinement effects, and superior (hydro)thermal stability are an ideal scaffold for planting diverse active metal species, including single sites, clusters, and nanoparticles in the framework and framework-associated sites and extra-framework positions, thus affording the metal-in-zeolite catalysts outstanding activity, unique shape selectivity, and enhanced stability and recyclability in the processes of Brønsted acid-, Lewis acid-, and extra-framework metal-catalyzed reactions. Especially, thanks to the advances in zeolite synthesis and characterization techniques in recent years, zeolite-confined extra-framework metal catalysts (denoted as metal@zeolite composites) have experienced rapid development in heterogeneous catalysis, owing to the combination of the merits of both active metal sites and zeolite intrinsic properties. In this review, we will present the recent developments of synthesis strategies for incorporating and tailoring of active metal sites in zeolites and advanced characterization techniques for identification of the location, distribution, and coordination environment of metal species in zeolites. Furthermore, the catalytic applications of metal-in-zeolite catalysts are demonstrated, with an emphasis on the metal@zeolite composites in hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, and oxidation reactions. Finally, we point out the current challenges and future perspectives on precise synthesis, atomic level identification, and practical application of the metal-in-zeolite catalyst system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shiqin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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26
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Iacobone U, Nova I, Tronconi E, Villamaina R, Ruggeri MP, Collier J, Thompsett D. Appraising Multinuclear Cu 2+ Structure Formation in Cu-CHA SCR Catalysts via Low-T Dry CO Oxidation with Modulated NH 3 Solvation. ChemistryOpen 2022; 11:e202200186. [PMID: 36101494 PMCID: PMC9471058 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cu2+ ions (ZCu2+ (OH)- , Z2 Cu2+ ) are regarded as the NH3 -SCR (SCR=selective catalytic reduction) active site precursors of Cu-exchanged chabazite (CHA) which is among the best available catalysts for the abatement of NOx from Diesel engines. During SCR operation, copper sites undergo reduction (Reduction half-cycle, RHC: Cu2+ →Cu+ ) and oxidation (Oxidaton half-cycle, OHC: Cu+ →Cu2+ ) semi cycles, whose associated mechanisms are still debated. We recently proposed CO oxidation to CO2 as an effective method to probe the formation of multinuclear Cu2+ species as the initial low-T RHC step. NH3 pre-adsorption determined a net positive effect on the CO2 production: by solvating ZCu2+ (OH)- ions, ammonia enhances their mobility, favoring their coupling to form binuclear complexes which can catalyze the reaction. In this work, dry CO oxidation experiments, preceded by modulated NH3 feed phases, clearly showed that CO2 production enhancements are correlated with the extent of Cu2+ ion solvation by NH3 . Analogies with the SCR-RHC phase are evidenced: the NH3 -Cu2+ presence ensures the characteristic dynamics associated with a second order kinetic dependence on the oxidized Cu2+ fraction. These findings provide novel information on the NH3 role in the low-T SCR redox mechanism and on the nature of the related active catalyst sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Iacobone
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes (LCCP)Dipartimento di EnergiaPolitecnico di MilanoVia Giuseppe La Masa 3420156MilanItaly
| | - Isabella Nova
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes (LCCP)Dipartimento di EnergiaPolitecnico di MilanoVia Giuseppe La Masa 3420156MilanItaly
| | - Enrico Tronconi
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes (LCCP)Dipartimento di EnergiaPolitecnico di MilanoVia Giuseppe La Masa 3420156MilanItaly
| | - Roberta Villamaina
- Emission Control DepartmentJohnson Matthey Technology CentreBlounts Court Road, Sonning CommonReadingRG4 9NHUK
| | - Maria Pia Ruggeri
- Emission Control DepartmentJohnson Matthey Technology CentreBlounts Court Road, Sonning CommonReadingRG4 9NHUK
| | - Jillian Collier
- Emission Control DepartmentJohnson Matthey Technology CentreBlounts Court Road, Sonning CommonReadingRG4 9NHUK
| | - David Thompsett
- Emission Control DepartmentJohnson Matthey Technology CentreBlounts Court Road, Sonning CommonReadingRG4 9NHUK
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27
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Yasumura S, Qian Y, Kato T, Mine S, Toyao T, Maeno Z, Shimizu KI. In Situ/ Operando Spectroscopic Studies on the NH 3–SCR Mechanism over Fe–Zeolites. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunsaku Yasumura
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, N-21, W-10, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Yucheng Qian
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, N-21, W-10, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Taisetsu Kato
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, N-21, W-10, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Shinya Mine
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, N-21, W-10, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Takashi Toyao
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, N-21, W-10, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Zen Maeno
- School of Advanced Engineering, KKogakuin University, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Shimizu
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, N-21, W-10, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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28
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Martini A, Negri C, Bugarin L, Deplano G, Abasabadi RK, Lomachenko KA, Janssens TVW, Bordiga S, Berlier G, Borfecchia E. Assessing the Influence of Zeolite Composition on Oxygen-Bridged Diamino Dicopper(II) Complexes in Cu-CHA DeNO x Catalysts by Machine Learning-Assisted X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:6164-6170. [PMID: 35763262 PMCID: PMC9272442 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cu-exchanged chabazite is the catalyst of choice for NOx abatement in diesel vehicles aftertreatment systems via ammonia-assisted selective catalytic reduction (NH3-SCR). Herein, we exploit in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy powered by wavelet transform analysis and machine learning-assisted fitting to assess the impact of the zeolite composition on NH3-mobilized Cu-complexes formed during the reduction and oxidation half-cycles in NH3-SCR at 200 °C. Comparatively analyzing well-characterized Cu-CHA catalysts, we show that the Si/Al ratio of the zeolite host affects the structure of mobile dicopper(II) complexes formed during the oxidation of the [CuI(NH3)2]+ complexes by O2. Al-rich zeolites promote a planar coordination motif with longer Cu-Cu interatomic distances, while at higher Si/Al values, a bent motif with shorter internuclear separations is also observed. This is paralleled by a more efficient oxidation at a given volumetric Cu density at lower Si/Al, beneficial for the NOx conversion under NH3-SCR conditions at 200 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Martini
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Negri
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Bugarin
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
- European
Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Gabriele Deplano
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Reza K. Abasabadi
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Kirill A. Lomachenko
- European
Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | | | - Silvia Bordiga
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Gloria Berlier
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa Borfecchia
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
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29
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Wu Y, Ma Y, Wang Y, Rappé KG, Washton NM, Wang Y, Walter ED, Gao F. Rate Controlling in Low-Temperature Standard NH 3-SCR: Implications from Operando EPR Spectroscopy and Reaction Kinetics. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:9734-9746. [PMID: 35605129 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of seven Cu/SSZ-13 catalysts with Si/Al = 6.7 are used to elucidate key rate-controlling factors during low-temperature standard ammonia-selective catalytic reduction (NH3-SCR), via a combination of SCR kinetics and operando electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Strong Cu-loading-dependent kinetics, with Cu atomic efficiency increasing nearly by an order of magnitude, is found when per chabazite cage occupancy for Cu ion increases from ∼0.04 to ∼0.3. This is due mainly to the release of intercage Cu transfer constraints that facilitates the redox chemistry, as evidenced from detailed Arrhenius analysis. Operando EPR spectroscopy studies reveal strong connectivity between Cu-ion dynamics and SCR kinetics, based on which it is concluded that under low-temperature steady-state SCR, kinetically most relevant Cu species are those with the highest intercage mobility. Transient binuclear Cu species are mechanistically relevant species, but their splitting and cohabitation are indispensable for low-temperature kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Wu
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Yue Ma
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Yilin Wang
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Kenneth G Rappé
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Nancy M Washton
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99354, United States.,Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99163, United States
| | - Eric D Walter
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Feng Gao
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
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30
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The effect of the presence of a hydroxyl group on the vibration frequencies of NO and NH3 adsorbates on Cu-Zn bimetallic nanoparticles in ZSM-5 and FAU zeolite – a DFT study. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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31
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Molokova A, Borfecchia E, Martini A, Pankin IA, Atzori C, Mathon O, Bordiga S, Wen F, Vennestrøm PNR, Berlier G, Janssens TVW, Lomachenko KA. SO 2 Poisoning of Cu-CHA deNO x Catalyst: The Most Vulnerable Cu Species Identified by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. JACS AU 2022; 2:787-792. [PMID: 35557768 PMCID: PMC9088759 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Cu-exchanged chabazite zeolites (Cu-CHA) are effective catalysts for the NH3-assisted selective catalytic reduction of NO (NH3-SCR) for the abatement of NO x emission from diesel vehicles. However, the presence of a small amount of SO2 in diesel exhaust gases leads to a severe reduction in the low-temperature activity of these catalysts. To shed light on the nature of such deactivation, we characterized a Cu-CHA catalyst under well-defined exposures to SO2 using in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy. By varying the pretreatment procedure prior to the SO2 exposure, we have selectively prepared CuI and CuII species with different ligations, which are relevant for the NH3-SCR reaction. The highest reactivity toward SO2 was observed for CuII species coordinated to both NH3 and extraframework oxygen, in particular for [CuII 2(NH3)4O2]2+ complexes. Cu species without either ammonia or extraframework oxygen ligands were much less reactive, and the associated SO2 uptake was significantly lower. These results explain why SO2 mostly affects the low-temperature activity of Cu-CHA catalysts, since the dimeric complex [CuII 2(NH3)4O2]2+ is a crucial intermediate in the low-temperature NH3-SCR catalytic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia
Yu. Molokova
- European
Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, via Giuria
7,10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa Borfecchia
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, via Giuria
7,10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Martini
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, via Giuria
7,10125 Turin, Italy
- The
Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern
Federal University, Sladkova
174/28, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Ilia A. Pankin
- The
Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern
Federal University, Sladkova
174/28, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Cesare Atzori
- European
Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Olivier Mathon
- European
Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Silvia Bordiga
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, via Giuria
7,10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Fei Wen
- Umicore
AG & Co, Rodenbacher Chaussee 4, 63457 Hanau, Germany
| | | | - Gloria Berlier
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, via Giuria
7,10125 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Kirill A. Lomachenko
- European
Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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32
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Ye X, Oord R, Monai M, Schmidt JE, Chen T, Meirer F, Weckhuysen BM. New insights into the NH 3-selective catalytic reduction of NO over Cu-ZSM-5 as revealed by operando spectroscopy. Catal Sci Technol 2022; 12:2589-2603. [PMID: 35664830 PMCID: PMC9016411 DOI: 10.1039/d1cy02348a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To control diesel vehicle NO x emissions, Cu-exchanged zeolites have been applied in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO using NH3 as reductant. However, the harsh hydrothermal environment of tailpipe conditions causes irreversible catalyst deactivation. The aggregation of isolated Cu2+ brings about unselective ammonia oxidation along with the main NH3-SCR reaction. An unusual 'dip' shaped NO conversion curve was observed in the steamed zeolite Cu-ZSM-5, resulting from the undesired NH3 oxidation that produced NO. Here we gain further insights into the NH3-SCR reaction and its deactivation by employing operando UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) on fresh and steamed zeolite Cu-ZSM-5. We found that tetragonally distorted octahedral Cu2+ with associated NH3 preferentially forms during low temperature NH3-SCR (<250 °C) in fresh Cu-ZSM-5. The high coordination number of Cu2+ ensures the availability for high coverage of nitrate intermediates. Whilst in the steamed Cu-ZSM-5, [Cu x (OH)2x-1]+ oligomers/clusters in pseudo-tetrahedral symmetry with coordinated NH3 accumulated during the low-temperature NH3-SCR reaction. These clusters presented a strong adsorption of surface NH3 and nitrates/nitric acid at low temperatures and therefore limited the reaction between surface species in the steamed Cu-ZSM-5. Further release of NH3 with increased reaction temperature favors NH3 oxidation that causes the drop of NO conversion at ∼275 °C. Moreover, competitive adsorption of NH3 and nitrates/nitric acid occurs on shared Lewis-acidic adsorption sites. Prompt removal of surface nitrates/nitric acid by NO avoids the surface blockage and tunes the selectivity by alternating nitrate-nitrite equilibrium. The formation of adsorbed NO2 and HNO x points to the necessity of an acid adsorbent in practical applications. The structural similarity under the NH3-SCR reaction and unselective NH3 oxidation confirmed the entanglement of these two reactions above 250 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Ye
- Institute of New Catalytic Materials Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (MOE), Nankai University Tianjin 300350 China.,Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Ramon Oord
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Matteo Monai
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Joel E Schmidt
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Tiehong Chen
- Institute of New Catalytic Materials Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (MOE), Nankai University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Florian Meirer
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Bert M Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
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33
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Hu W, Gramigni F, Nasello ND, Usberti N, Iacobone U, Liu S, Nova I, Gao X, Tronconi E. Dynamic Binuclear Cu II Sites in the Reduction Half-Cycle of Low-Temperature NH 3–SCR over Cu-CHA Catalysts. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenshuo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Federica Gramigni
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Nicole Daniela Nasello
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Nicola Usberti
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Umberto Iacobone
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Shaojun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Isabella Nova
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Enrico Tronconi
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156 Milano, Italy
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34
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Ohyama J, Tsuchimura Y, Hirayama A, Iwai H, Yoshida H, Machida M, Nishimura S, Kato K, Takahashi K. Relationships among the Catalytic Performance, Redox Activity, and Structure of Cu-CHA Catalysts for the Direct Oxidation of Methane to Methanol Investigated Using In Situ XAFS and UV–Vis Spectroscopies. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junya Ohyama
- Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials (IINa), Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555 Japan
| | - Yuka Tsuchimura
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Airi Hirayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroki Iwai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Masato Machida
- Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials (IINa), Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555 Japan
| | - Shun Nishimura
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST), 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi 923-1292, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kato
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Keisuke Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Hokkaido University, N-15 W-8, Sapporo 060-0815, Japan
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Ratio of adsorptive abilities for NH3 and NOx determined SCR activity of transition-metal catalyst. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.128080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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36
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Han F, Sun H, Zhao Z, Xu Y, Dong H, Liu W, Sun L, Wang Z, Hou G, Kitano M, Li W, Shen M, Chen H. Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx by Methanol on Metal-Free Zeolite with Brønsted and Lewis Acid Pair. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Han Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zhenchao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, iChEM, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yaxin Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hong Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Insititute of Modern Optics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lu Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Insititute of Modern Optics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zhili Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, iChEM, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guangjin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, iChEM, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Masaaki Kitano
- Materials Research Center for Element Strategy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi 332-0012, Saitama, Japan
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Meiqing Shen
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of State Education Ministry, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Haijun Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Theoretical Studies on the Mechanism of deNOx Process in Cu-Zn Bimetallic System-Comparison of FAU and MFI Zeolites. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27010300. [PMID: 35011531 PMCID: PMC8746640 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present study we propose a more promising catalyst for the deNOx process to eliminate harmful nitrogen oxides from the environment. The study was performed with a computer calculation using density functional theory (DFT) based on an ab initio method. Two zeolite catalysts, FAU and MFI, were selected with additional Cu-O-Zn bimetallic dimer adsorbed inside the pores of both zeolites. Based on the analysis of preliminary studies, the most probable way of co-adsorption of nitric oxide and ammonia was selected, which became the initial configuration for the reaction mechanism. Two types of mechanisms were proposed: with hydroxyl groups on a bridged position of the dimer or a hydroxyl group on one of the metal atoms of the dimer. Based on the results, it was determined that the FAU zeolite with a bimetallic dimer and an OH group on the zinc atom was the most efficient configuration with a relatively low energy barrier. The real advantage of the Cu-Zn system over FAU and MFI in hydrothermal conditions has been demonstrated in comparison to a conventional Cu-Cu catalyst.
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39
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Isapour G, Wang A, Han J, Feng Y, Grönbeck H, Creaser D, Olsson L, Skoglundh M, Härelind H. In situ DRIFT studies on N 2O formation over Cu-functionalized zeolites during ammonia-SCR. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00247g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The influence of the zeolite framework structure on the formation of N2O during ammonia-SCR of NOx was studied for three different copper-functionalized zeolite samples, namely Cu-SSZ-13 (CHA), Cu-ZSM-5 (MFI), and Cu-BEA (BEA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghodsieh Isapour
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Applied Chemistry Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Aiyong Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Joonsoo Han
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yingxin Feng
- Department of Physics, Division of Chemical Physics, Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Grönbeck
- Department of Physics, Division of Chemical Physics, Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Derek Creaser
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Louise Olsson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus Skoglundh
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Applied Chemistry Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hanna Härelind
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Applied Chemistry Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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40
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Fu Y, He G, Shan Y, Du J, He H. Promotion of the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3 over microporous Cu-SSZ-13 by H2O and OH group at low temperatures: a density functional theory study. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00796g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The successful commercialization of microporous Cu-SSZ-13 catalysts in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3 has attracted extensive attention and debate on the mechanism of their excellent activity...
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41
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Recent progress in the selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 on Cu-SAPO-34 catalysts. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.112111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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42
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Kiani D, Xi Y, Ottinger N, Liu ZG. Revisiting NH 3–catalyst interactions in Cu-SSZ-13 SCR catalysts: an in situ spectro-kinetics study. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00805j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
At low surface coverages, NH3 consumption was found to occur during adsorption at 120 °C over both Cu-SSZ-13, and H-SSZ-13; albeit much faster on Cu-SSZ-13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniyal Kiani
- Cummins Emission Solutions, 1801 US Hwy 51/138, Stoughton, WI, 53589, USA
| | - Yuanzhou Xi
- Cummins Emission Solutions, 1801 US Hwy 51/138, Stoughton, WI, 53589, USA
| | - Nathan Ottinger
- Cummins Emission Solutions, 1801 US Hwy 51/138, Stoughton, WI, 53589, USA
| | - Z. Gerald Liu
- Cummins Emission Solutions, 1801 US Hwy 51/138, Stoughton, WI, 53589, USA
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43
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Zhang S, Meng Y, Pang L, Ding Q, Chen Z, Guo Y, Cai W, Li T. Understanding the direct relationship between various structure-directing agents and low-temperature hydrothermal durability over Cu-SAPO-34 during the NH3-SCR reaction. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy02046c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrolysis of Si–O(H)–Al bonds and the loss of active Cu(OH)+ species jointly contribute towards the deactivation of Cu-SAPO-34 under a moist environment at low temperature (<100 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoute Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ying Meng
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Lei Pang
- DongFeng Trucks R&D Center, Zhushanhu Road No. 653, Wuhan 430056, P. R. China
| | - Qianzhao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yanbing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Weiquan Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Tao Li
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
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Zhu N, Shan Y, Shan W, Lian Z, Du J, He H. Reaction Pathways of Standard and Fast Selective Catalytic Reduction over Cu-SSZ-39. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:16175-16183. [PMID: 34779625 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cu-SSZ-39 exhibits excellent hydrothermal stability and is expected to be used for NOx purification in diesel vehicles. In this work, the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) activities in the presence or absence of NO2 were tested over Cu-SSZ-39 catalysts with different Cu contents. The results showed that the NOx conversion of Cu-SSZ-39 was improved by NO2 when NO2/NOx = 0.5, especially for the catalysts with low Cu loadings. The kinetic studies showed two kinetic regimes for fast SCR from 150 to 220 °C due to a change in the rate-controlling mechanism. The activity test and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectra demonstrated that the reduction of NO mainly occurred on the Cu species in the absence of feed NO2, and when NO2/NO = 1, NO could react with NH4NO3 on the Brønsted acid sites in addition to undergoing reduction on Cu species. Thus, NO2 can promote the SCR reaction over Cu-SSZ-39 by facilitating the formation of surface nitrate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhu
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment and Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yulong Shan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Wenpo Shan
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment and Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Zhihua Lian
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment and Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Jinpeng Du
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong He
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment and Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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45
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Shan Y, Du J, Zhang Y, Shan W, Shi X, Yu Y, Zhang R, Meng X, Xiao FS, He H. Selective catalytic reduction of NO x with NH 3: opportunities and challenges of Cu-based small-pore zeolites. Natl Sci Rev 2021; 8:nwab010. [PMID: 34858603 PMCID: PMC8566184 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwab010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Zeolites, as efficient and stable catalysts, are widely used in the environmental catalysis field. Typically, Cu-SSZ-13 with small-pore structure shows excellent catalytic activity for selective catalytic reduction of NO x with ammonia (NH3-SCR) as well as high hydrothermal stability. This review summarizes major advances in Cu-SSZ-13 applied to the NH3-SCR reaction, including the state of copper species, standard and fast SCR reaction mechanism, hydrothermal deactivation mechanism, poisoning resistance and synthetic methodology. The review gives a valuable summary of new insights into the matching between SCR catalyst design principles and the characteristics of Cu2+-exchanged zeolitic catalysts, highlighting the significant opportunity presented by zeolite-based catalysts. Principles for designing zeolites with excellent NH3-SCR performance and hydrothermal stability are proposed. On the basis of these principles, more hydrothermally stable Cu-AEI and Cu-LTA zeolites are elaborated as well as other alternative zeolites applied to NH3-SCR. Finally, we call attention to the challenges facing Cu-based small-pore zeolites that still need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Shan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jinpeng Du
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Wenpo Shan
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiaoyan Shi
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yunbo Yu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Runduo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Environmental Catalysis, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiangju Meng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Feng-Shou Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Hong He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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46
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Temperature dependence of Cu(I) oxidation and Cu(II) reduction kinetics in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3 on Cu-chabazite zeolites. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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47
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Yang R, Gao Z, Sun M, Fu G, Cheng G, Liu W, Yang X, Zhao X, Yu L. A highly active VO -MnO /CeO2 for selective catalytic reduction of NO: The balance between redox property and surface acidity. J RARE EARTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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48
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Millan R, Cnudde P, van Speybroeck V, Boronat M. Mobility and Reactivity of Cu + Species in Cu-CHA Catalysts under NH 3-SCR-NOx Reaction Conditions: Insights from AIMD Simulations. JACS AU 2021; 1:1778-1787. [PMID: 34723280 PMCID: PMC8549050 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The mobility of the copper cations acting as active sites for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides with ammonia in Cu-CHA catalysts varies with temperature and feed composition. Herein, the migration of [Cu(NH3)2]+ complexes between two adjacent cavities of the chabazite structure, including other reactant molecules (NO, O2, H2O, and NH3), in the initial and final cavities is investigated using ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations combined with enhanced sampling techniques to describe hopping events from one cage to the other. We find that such diffusion is only significantly hindered by the presence of excess NH3 or NO in the initial cavity, since both reactants form with [Cu(NH3)2]+ stable intermediates which are too bulky to cross the 8-ring windows connecting the cavities. The presence of O2 modifies strongly the interaction of NO with Cu+. At low temperatures, we observe NO detachment from Cu+ and increased mobility of the [Cu(NH3)2]+ complex, while at high temperatures, NO reacts spontaneously with O2 to form NO2. The present simulations give evidence for recent experimental observations, namely, an NH3 inhibition effect on the SCR reaction at low temperatures, and transport limitations of NO and NH3 at high temperatures. Our first principle simulations mimicking operating conditions support the existence of two different reaction mechanisms operating at low and high temperatures, the former involving dimeric Cu(NH3)2-O2-Cu(NH3)2 species and the latter occurring by direct NO oxidation to NO2 in one single cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reisel Millan
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universitat
Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 València, Spain
| | - Pieter Cnudde
- Center
for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 46, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | | | - Mercedes Boronat
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universitat
Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 València, Spain
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49
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Chen Z, Bian C, Guo Y, Pang L, Li T. Efficient Strategy to Regenerate Phosphorus-Poisoned Cu-SSZ-13 Catalysts for the NH 3-SCR of NO x: The Deactivation and Promotion Mechanism of Phosphorus. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ce Bian
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yanbing Guo
- College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Lei Pang
- DongFeng Trucks R&D Center, Zhushanhu Road No. 653, Wuhan 430056, P. R. China
| | - Tao Li
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
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50
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Guo A, Xie K, Lei H, Rizzotto V, Chen L, Fu M, Chen P, Peng Y, Ye D, Simon U. Inhibition Effect of Phosphorus Poisoning on the Dynamics and Redox of Cu Active Sites in a Cu-SSZ-13 NH 3-SCR Catalyst for NO x Reduction. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:12619-12629. [PMID: 34510889 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c03630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) stemming from biodiesel and/or lubricant oil additives is unavoidable in real diesel exhausts and deactivates gradually the Cu-SSZ-13 zeolite catalyst for ammonia-assisted selective catalytic NOx reduction (NH3-SCR). Here, the deactivation mechanism of Cu-SSZ-13 by P-poisoning was investigated by ex situ examination of the structural changes and by in situ probing the dynamics and redox of Cu active sites via a combination of impedance spectroscopy, diffuse reflection infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. We unveiled that strong interactions between Cu and P led to not only a loss of Cu active sites for catalytic turnovers but also a restricted dynamic motion of Cu species during low-temperature NH3-SCR catalysis. Furthermore, the CuII ↔ CuI redox cycling of Cu sites, especially the CuI → CuII reoxidation half-cycle, was significantly inhibited, which can be attributed to the restricted Cu motion by P-poisoning disabling the formation of key dimeric Cu intermediates. As a result, the NH3-SCR activity at low temperatures (200 °C and below) decreased slightly for the mildly poisoned Cu-SSZ-13 and considerably for the severely poisoned Cu-SSZ-13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kunpeng Xie
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Huarong Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Valentina Rizzotto
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Limin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mingli Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Peirong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yue Peng
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Daiqi Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ulrich Simon
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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