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Bernardo A, Lee P, Marcotte M, Mian MY, Rezvanian S, Sharmin D, Kovačević A, Savić MM, Cook JM, Sibille E, Prevot TD. Symptomatic and neurotrophic effects of GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulation in a mouse model of chronic stress. Neuropsychopharmacology 2022; 47:1608-1619. [PMID: 35701547 PMCID: PMC9283409 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-022-01360-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chronic stress is a risk factor for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), and in rodents, it recapitulates human behavioral, cellular and molecular changes. In MDD and after chronic stress, neuronal dysfunctions and deficits in GABAergic signaling are observed and responsible for symptom severity. GABA signals predominantly through GABAA receptors (GABAA-R) composed of various subunit types that relate to downstream outcomes. Activity at α2-GABAA-Rs contributes to anxiolytic properties, α5-GABAA-Rs to cognitive functions, and α1-GABAA-Rs to sedation. Therefore, a therapy aiming at increasing α2- and α5-GABAA-Rs activity, but devoid of α1-GABAA-R activity, has potential to address several symptomologies of depression while avoiding side-effects. This study investigated the activity profiles and behavioral efficacy of two enantiomers of each other (GL-II-73 and GL-I-54), separately and as a racemic mixture (GL-RM), and potential disease-modifying effects on neuronal morphology. Results confirm GL-I-54 and GL-II-73 exert positive allosteric modulation at the α2-, α3-, α5-GABAA-Rs and α5-containing GABAA-Rs, respectively, and separately reduces immobility in the forced swim test and improves stress-induced spatial working memory deficits. Using unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS), we show that acute and chronic administration of GL-RM provide pro-cognitive effects, with mild efficacy on mood symptoms, although at lower doses avoiding sedation. Morphology studies showed reversal of spine density loss caused by UCMS after chronic GL-RM treatment at apical and basal dendrites of the PFC and CA1. Together, these results support using a racemic mixture with combined α2-, α3-, α5-GABAA-R profile to reverse chronic stress-induced mood symptoms, cognitive deficits, and with anti-stress neurotrophic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Bernardo
- grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, Canada
| | - Philip Lee
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael Marcotte
- grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, Canada
| | - Md Yeunus Mian
- grid.267468.90000 0001 0695 7223Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Sepideh Rezvanian
- grid.267468.90000 0001 0695 7223Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Dishary Sharmin
- grid.267468.90000 0001 0695 7223Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Aleksandra Kovačević
- grid.7149.b0000 0001 2166 9385Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miroslav M. Savić
- grid.7149.b0000 0001 2166 9385Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - James M. Cook
- grid.267468.90000 0001 0695 7223Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Etienne Sibille
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, Canada. .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Thomas D. Prevot
- grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Wahan SK, Chawla PA. Recent advances of heterocycle based anticancer hybrids. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2021-0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major causes of death across the world. Cancer is a broad word that encompasses a wide range of illnesses that can affect any part of the body. Cancer research has increased understanding of molecular biology and cellular biology, resulting in new cancer therapies. Despite of adverse effects, surgery, radiation, and anticancer medicines are the modern cancer treatments. Keeping in mind the excellent anticancer activity exhibited by various heterocyclics, various medicines with heterocyclic moiety have been developed to identify particular target regions. The chapter aims to discuss new discoveries in the field of anticancer pharmaceuticals comprising the thiazole, pyrazole, oxazole, and triazole rings over the last five years. The proposed anticancer drugs have a lot of future significance due to their high potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simranpreet K. Wahan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , ISF College of Pharmacy , Moga , Punjab - 142001 , India
| | - Pooja A. Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , ISF College of Pharmacy , Moga , Punjab - 142001 , India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , ISF College of Pharmacy , Moga - 142001 , India
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3
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Mostafa SM, Aly AA, Sayed SM, Raslan MA, Ahmed AE, Nafady A, Ishak EA, Shawky AM, Abdelhafez ESM. New Quinoline-2-one/thiazolium bromide Derivatives; Synthesis, Characterization and Mechanism of Formation. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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4
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Taheri S, Ziyaei Halimehjani A, Saeedi M, Khoshdoun M, Mohammadi A, Halvagar MR, Amani V. Synthesis of Functionalized Bicyclic Pyridones Containing the Dithiocarbamate Group Using Thioazlactones, Diamines, and Nitroketene Dithioacetal. SYNOPEN 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1492-9229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAn efficient method for the synthesis of highly substituted bicyclic pyridone derivatives containing the dithiocarbamate group is reported via a one-pot three-component reaction of 2-(alkylthio)thioazlactones, diamines, and nitroketene dithioacetal in EtOH under catalyst-free conditions. The reaction proceeds via a domino amidation–intramolecular 1,4-addition-type Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction to afford the corresponding fused bicyclic pyridones with high yields and diastereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman Taheri
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran
| | - Azim Ziyaei Halimehjani
- Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
| | | | | | | | | | - Vahid Amani
- Department of Chemistry, Farhangian University
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Alshammari MB, Mohamed AH, Aly AA, Bakht MA, El-Sheref EM. New quinolin-3-yl-N-hydrazinecarbothioamides in the synthesis of thiazoles and thiazines. J Sulphur Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2021.1887190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed B. Alshammari
- Chemistry Department, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharij, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa H. Mohamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Ashraf A. Aly
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Md Afroz Bakht
- Chemistry Department, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharij, Saudi Arabia
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Mehiaoui N, Kibou Z, Berrichi A, Bachir R, Choukchou-Braham N. Novel synthesis of 3-cyano-2-pyridones derivatives catalyzed by Au–Co/TiO2. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-020-04261-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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7
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Li Y, Su Z, Hao H, Zhuang J. Photoinduced direct hydration of dipyridylacetylenes in acidic aqueous solution. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:7669-7672. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01351j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The straightforward and catalyst-free photoinduced hydration reaction of dipyridylacetylenes in acidic aqueous solution was achieved upon UV irradiation at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Li
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
| | - Zimu Su
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
| | - Haijun Hao
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
| | - Junpeng Zhuang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
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Elgemeie GH, Azzam RA, Elsayed RE. Sulfa drug analogs: new classes of N-sulfonyl aminated azines and their biological and preclinical importance in medicinal chemistry (2000–2018). Med Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-019-02378-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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9
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Krishna MS, Toh DFK, Meng Z, Ong AAL, Wang Z, Lu Y, Xia K, Prabakaran M, Chen G. Sequence- And Structure-Specific Probing of RNAs by Short Nucleobase-Modified dsRNA-Binding PNAs Incorporating a Fluorescent Light-up Uracil Analog. Anal Chem 2019; 91:5331-5338. [PMID: 30873827 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
RNAs are emerging as important biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The strategy of directly targeting double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) by triplex-formation is relatively underexplored mainly due to the weak binding at physiological conditions for the traditional triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs). Compared to DNA and RNA, peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are chemically stable and have a neutral peptide-like backbone, and thus, they show significantly enhanced binding to natural nucleic acids. We have successfully developed nucleobase-modified dsRNA-binding PNAs (dbPNAs) to facilitate structure-specific and selective recognition of dsRNA over single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) and dsDNA regions at near-physiological conditions. The triplex formation strategy facilitates the targeting of not only the sequence but also the secondary structure of RNA. Here, we report the development of novel dbPNA-based fluorescent light-up probes through the incorporation of A-U pair-recognizing 5-benzothiophene uracil (btU). The incorporation of btU into dbPNAs does not affect the binding affinity toward dsRNAs significantly, in most cases, as evidenced by our nondenaturing gel shift assay data. The blue fluorescence emission intensity of btU-modified dbPNAs is sequence- and structure-specifically enhanced by dsRNAs, including the influenza viral RNA panhandle duplex and HIV-1-1 ribosomal frameshift-inducing RNA hairpin, but not ssRNAs or DNAs, at 200 mM NaCl, pH 7.5. Thus, dbPNAs incorporating btU-modified and other further modified fluorescent nucleobases will be useful biochemical tools for probing and detecting RNA structures, interactions, and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manchugondanahalli S Krishna
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , 637371 , Singapore
| | - Desiree-Faye Kaixin Toh
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , 637371 , Singapore
| | - Zhenyu Meng
- Division of Mathematical Sciences, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , 637371 , Singapore
| | - Alan Ann Lerk Ong
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , 637371 , Singapore
| | - Zhenzhang Wang
- Temasek Life Science Laboratory , 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore , 117604 , Singapore
| | - Yunpeng Lu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , 637371 , Singapore
| | - Kelin Xia
- Division of Mathematical Sciences, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , 637371 , Singapore
| | - Mookkan Prabakaran
- Temasek Life Science Laboratory , 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore , 117604 , Singapore
| | - Gang Chen
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , 637371 , Singapore
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Ong AAL, Toh DFK, Patil KM, Meng Z, Yuan Z, Krishna MS, Devi G, Haruehanroengra P, Lu Y, Xia K, Okamura K, Sheng J, Chen G. General Recognition of U-G, U-A, and C-G Pairs by Double-Stranded RNA-Binding PNAs Incorporated with an Artificial Nucleobase. Biochemistry 2019; 58:1319-1331. [PMID: 30775913 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b01313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Chemically modified peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) show great promise in the recognition of RNA duplexes by major-groove PNA·RNA-RNA triplex formation. Triplex formation is favored for RNA duplexes with a purine tract within one of the RNA duplex strands, and is severely destabilized if the purine tract is interrupted by pyrimidine residues. Here, we report the synthesis of a PNA monomer incorporated with an artificial nucleobase S, followed by the binding studies of a series of S-modified PNAs. Our data suggest that an S residue incorporated into short 8-mer dsRNA-binding PNAs (dbPNAs) can recognize internal Watson-Crick C-G and U-A, and wobble U-G base pairs (but not G-C, A-U, and G-U pairs) in RNA duplexes. The short S-modified PNAs show no appreciable binding to DNA duplexes or single-stranded RNAs. Interestingly, replacement of the C residue in an S·C-G triple with a 5-methyl C results in the disruption of the triplex, probably due to a steric clash between S and 5-methyl C. Previously reported PNA E base shows recognition of U-A and A-U pairs, but not a U-G pair. Thus, S-modified dbPNAs may be uniquely useful for the general recognition of RNA U-G, U-A, and C-G pairs. Shortening the succinyl linker of our PNA S monomer by one carbon atom to have a malonyl linker causes a severe destabilization of triplex formation. Our experimental and modeling data indicate that part of the succinyl moiety in a PNA S monomer may serve to expand the S base forming stacking interactions with adjacent PNA bases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Ann Lerk Ong
- NTU Institute for Health Technologies (HeathTech NTU), Interdisciplinary Graduate School , Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Drive , Singapore 637553.,Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , Singapore 637371
| | - Desiree-Faye Kaixin Toh
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , Singapore 637371
| | - Kiran M Patil
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , Singapore 637371
| | - Zhenyu Meng
- Division of Mathematical Sciences, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , Singapore 637371
| | - Zhen Yuan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , Singapore 637371
| | - Manchugondanahalli S Krishna
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , Singapore 637371
| | - Gitali Devi
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , Singapore 637371
| | - Phensinee Haruehanroengra
- Department of Chemistry and The RNA Institute , University at Albany, State University of New York , 1400 Washington Avenue , Albany , New York 12222 , United States
| | - Yunpeng Lu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , Singapore 637371
| | - Kelin Xia
- Division of Mathematical Sciences, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , Singapore 637371
| | - Katsutomo Okamura
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore , Singapore , 117604.,School of Biological Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 60 Nanyang Drive , Singapore , 639798
| | - Jia Sheng
- Department of Chemistry and The RNA Institute , University at Albany, State University of New York , 1400 Washington Avenue , Albany , New York 12222 , United States
| | - Gang Chen
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , Singapore 637371
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Medicinal chemistry of vicinal diaryl scaffold: A mini review. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 162:1-17. [PMID: 30396033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The privileged structures have been widely used as a valuable template in new drug discovery. 1,2-Diaryl or vicinal diaryl is a simple scaffold found in many drugs and naturally occurring compounds. From synthetic point of view, the vicinal diaryl derivatives are easily accessible due to their facile and expedient syntheses. These scaffolds have shown numerous interesting pharmacological activities against various diseases with lot of clinical potentials. This review aims to highlight the evidence of vicinal diaryl motif as a privileged scaffold in COX-2 inhibitors and CA-4 analogs.
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12
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Hakimi AM, Lashgari N, Mahernia S, Ziarani GM, Amanlou M. Facile one-pot four-component synthesis of 3,4-dihydro-2-pyridone derivatives: novel urease inhibitor scaffold. Res Pharm Sci 2017; 12:353-363. [PMID: 28974973 PMCID: PMC5615865 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.213980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, a series of 3,4-dihydro-2-pyridone derivatives were synthesized in a one-pot fourcomponent reaction of Meldrum's acid, benzaldehyde derivatives, methyl acetoacetate, and ammonium acetate. SiO2-Pr-SO3H was used as an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of the target compounds under solvent-free conditions. The most probable mechanism for this reaction has been discussed. The advantages of this methodology are high product yields, being environmentally benign, short reaction times, and easy handling. Eight 2-pyridinone derivatives were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against Jack bean urease. Molecular docking study of the synthesized compounds was also evaluated. All compounds showed good activities against urease and among them, 4-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-methoxycarbonyl-6-methyl-3,4-dihydropyridone (5a) showed the most potent activity (IC50 = 29.12 µM), more potent than hydroxyurea as the reference drug (IC50 = 100.0 µM). Also, the results from docking studies were in good agreement with those obtained with in vitro assay. According to the docking studies methionine (Met) 637 and nitro phenyl ring cause n-π interaction between lone pair of sulfur atom and π aromatic ring. Moreover, hydrophobic interactions existed between compound 5a and alanine (ALA) 636, ALA 440, and isoleucine 411. The results indicated that the inhibitory activities increased with the increase of electron withdrawing ability of the groups despite a less important role of lipophilicity in increasing the inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Modarres Hakimi
- Drug Design & Development Research Centre and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Negar Lashgari
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Shabnam Mahernia
- Drug Design & Development Research Centre and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | | | - Massoud Amanlou
- Drug Design & Development Research Centre and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran
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Chagraoui A, Skiba M, Thuillez C, Thibaut F. To what extent is it possible to dissociate the anxiolytic and sedative/hypnotic properties of GABAA receptors modulators? Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2016; 71:189-202. [PMID: 27495357 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The relatively common view indicates a possible dissociation between the anxiolytic and sedative/hypnotic properties of benzodiazepines (BZs). Indeed, GABAA receptor (GABAAR) subtypes have specific cerebral distribution in distinct neural circuits. Thus, GABAAR subtype-selective drugs may be expected to perform distinct functions. However, standard behavioral test assays provide limited direction towards highlighting new action mechanisms of ligands targeting GABAARs. Automated behavioral tests, lack sensitivity as some behavioral characteristics or subtle behavioral changes of drug effects or that are not considered in the overall analysis (Ohl et al., 2001) and observation-based analyses are not always performed. In addition, despite the use of genetically engineered mice, any possible dissociation between the anxiolytic and sedative properties of BZs remains controversial. Moreover, the involvement the different subtypes of GABAAR subtypes in the anxious behavior and the mechanism of action of anxiolytic agents remains unclear since there has been little success in the pharmacological investigations so far. This raises the question of the involvement of the different subunits in anxiolytic-like and/or sedative effects; and the actual implication of these subunits, particularly, α-subunits in the modulation of sedation and/or anxiety-related disorders. This present review was prompted by several conflicting studies on the degree of involvement of these subunits in anxiolytic-like and/or sedative effects. To this end, we explored the GABAergic system, particularly, the role of different subunits containing synaptic GABAARs. We report herein the targeting gene encoding the different subunits and their contribution in anxiolytic-like and/or sedative actions, as well as, the mechanism underlying tolerance to BZs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chagraoui
- Inserm U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedecine, Normandy University, France; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France.
| | - M Skiba
- Inserm U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedecine, Normandy University, France
| | - C Thuillez
- Department of Pharmacology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, and INSERM U1096, Laboratory of New Pharmacological Targets for Endothelial Protection and Heart Failure, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Normandy University, France
| | - F Thibaut
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Cochin (site Tarnier), University of Paris-Descartes and INSERM U 894 Laboratory of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Paris, France
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Arora P, Narang R, Nayak SK, Singh SK, Judge V. 2,4-Disubstituted thiazoles as multitargated bioactive molecules. Med Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-016-1610-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Nasr-Esfahani M, Rafiee Z, Montazerozohori M, Kashi H. A highly efficient magnetic solid acid nanocatalyst for the synthesis of new bulky heterocyclic compounds. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra02749k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fe3O4nanoparticles were coated with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and further chemically modified with maleic anhydride to generate Fe3O4@APTES·MAH NPs. Then some new bulky heterocyclic compounds were synthesized using this catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahra Rafiee
- Department of Chemistry
- Yasouj University
- Yasouj 75918-74831
- Iran
| | | | - Hassan Kashi
- Department of Chemistry
- Yasouj University
- Yasouj 75918-74831
- Iran
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Farb DH, Ratner MH. Targeting the modulation of neural circuitry for the treatment of anxiety disorders. Pharmacol Rev 2015; 66:1002-32. [PMID: 25237115 DOI: 10.1124/pr.114.009126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are a major public health concern. Here, we examine the familiar area of anxiolysis in the context of a systems-level understanding that will hopefully lead to revealing an underlying pharmacological connectome. The introduction of benzodiazepines nearly half a century ago markedly improved the treatment of anxiety disorders. These agents reduce anxiety rapidly by allosterically enhancing the postsynaptic actions of GABA at inhibitory type A GABA receptors but side effects limit their use in chronic anxiety disorders. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors have emerged as an effective first-line alternative treatment of such anxiety disorders. However, many individuals are not responsive and side effects can be limiting. Research into a relatively new class of agents known as neurosteroids has revealed novel modulatory sites and mechanisms of action that are providing insights into the pathophysiology of certain anxiety disorders, potentially bridging the gap between the GABAergic and serotonergic circuits underlying anxiety. However, translating the pharmacological activity of compounds targeted to specific receptor subtypes in rodent models of anxiety to effective therapeutics in human anxiety has not been entirely successful. Since modulating any one of several broad classes of receptor targets can produce anxiolysis, we posit that a systems-level discovery platform combined with an individualized medicine approach based on noninvasive brain imaging would substantially advance the development of more effective therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Farb
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marcia H Ratner
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
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17
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Si MK, Lo R, Ganguly B. The origin and magnitude of intramolecular quasi-cyclic S⋯O and S⋯S interactions revisited: A computational study. Chem Phys Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2015.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Loderer C, Dhoke GV, Davari MD, Kroutil W, Schwaneberg U, Bocola M, Ansorge-Schumacher MB. Investigation of Structural Determinants for the Substrate Specificity in the Zinc-Dependent Alcohol Dehydrogenase CPCR2 fromCandida parapsilosis. Chembiochem 2015; 16:1512-9. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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19
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Dyachenko VD, Sukach SM, Dyachenko AD. Synthesis of partially hydrogenated isoquinoline derivatives by condensation of 2,4-diacetyl-3-aryl(hetaryl)-5-hydroxy-5-methylcyclohexanones with malononitrile and its dimer and a study of their alkylation. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-015-1658-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Beno BR, Yeung KS, Bartberger MD, Pennington LD, Meanwell NA. A Survey of the Role of Noncovalent Sulfur Interactions in Drug Design. J Med Chem 2015; 58:4383-438. [DOI: 10.1021/jm501853m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 468] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brett R. Beno
- Department of Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway Wallingford Connecticut 06492, United States
| | - Kap-Sun Yeung
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway Wallingford Connecticut 06492, United States
| | - Michael D. Bartberger
- Department of Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive Thousand Oaks California 91320, United States
| | - Lewis D. Pennington
- Department of Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive Thousand Oaks California 91320, United States
| | - Nicholas A. Meanwell
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway Wallingford Connecticut 06492, United States
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Khajuria R, Kannaboina P, Kapoor KK, Gupta A, Raina G, Jassal AK, Rana LK, Hundal MS, Das P. Divergent synthesis of 4,6-diarylated pyridin-2(1H)-ones from chalcones: novel access to 2,4,6-triaryl pyridines. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:5944-54. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00545k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A wide range of 4,6-diarylated-2(1H)-one derivatives were synthesized in excellent yields from chalcones in one pot. Further the designed 4,6-diarylated pyridin-2(1H)-one derivatives have been successfully utilized in synthesizing 2,4,6-triarylpyridines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajni Khajuria
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Jammu
- Jammu 180006
- India
| | - Prakash Kannaboina
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- New Delhi 110001
- India
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR)
| | | | - Annah Gupta
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Jammu
- Jammu 180006
- India
| | - Gaurav Raina
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- New Delhi 110001
- India
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR)
| | | | - Love Karan Rana
- Department of Chemistry
- Guru Nanak Dev University
- Amritsar 143005
- India
| | | | - Parthasarathi Das
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- New Delhi 110001
- India
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR)
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Thiazole: a promising heterocycle for the development of potent CNS active agents. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 92:1-34. [PMID: 25544146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Thiazole is a valuable scaffold in the field of medicinal chemistry and has accounted to display a variety of biological activities. Thiazole and its derivatives have attracted continuing interest to design various novel CNS active agents. In the past few decades, thiazoles have been widely used to develop a variety of therapeutic agents against numerous CNS targets. Thiazole containing drug molecules are currently being used in treatment of various CNS disorders and a number of thiazole derivatives are also presently in clinical trials. A lot of research has been carried out on thiazole and their analogues, which has proved their efficacy to overcome several CNS disorders in rodent as well as primate models. The aim of present review is to highlights diverse CNS activities displayed by thiazole and their derivatives. SAR of this nucleus has also been well discussed. This review covers the recent updates present in literature and will surely provide a greater insight for the designing and development of potent thiazole based CNS active agents in future.
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Krishnaraj K, Devaky K. Synthesis of 2-hydroxy-5,6-diarylnicotinonitriles and 2-chloro-5,6-diarylnicotinonitriles from β-chloroenones. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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24
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Novel, potent and selective 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 inhibitors as potential therapeutics for osteoporosis with dual human and mouse activities. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 83:317-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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25
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Wang J, Zhu J, Zhong J, Sun J, Tang S, Guo C. Novel 4-Aryl-2-amino-6-(naphthalene-1-yl)-3-cyanopyridine Derivates as Potential Organic Fluorescent Materials Prepared Under Microwave Irradiation via Three-Component Domino Reactions. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2014.891239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Wang
- a College of Sciences , Nanjing Tech University , Jiangsu , Nanjing , China
| | - Jianlin Zhu
- a College of Sciences , Nanjing Tech University , Jiangsu , Nanjing , China
| | - Jie Zhong
- a College of Sciences , Nanjing Tech University , Jiangsu , Nanjing , China
| | - Jun Sun
- a College of Sciences , Nanjing Tech University , Jiangsu , Nanjing , China
| | - Shigui Tang
- b Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Jiangsu , Nanjing , China
| | - Cheng Guo
- a College of Sciences , Nanjing Tech University , Jiangsu , Nanjing , China
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Zhu ML, Zhang ZT, Xue D, Hua HL, Liang Y, Wnuk SF. Synthesis of 1-Amino-5,6-diaryl-3-cyano-1 H-pyridin-2-ones and 6,7-Diaryl-4-cyano-3-hydroxy-1 H-[1,2]diazepines from Isoflavones. Helv Chim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201300246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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27
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Efficient One-Pot Four-Component Synthesis and X-ray Crystallographic Structure of 2-Pyridone Derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.1632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Khokhani K, Khatri T, Patel P. One Pot Synthesis of Bioactive Novel Cyanopyridones. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DAEHAN HWAHAK HOE JEE 2013. [DOI: 10.5012/jkcs.2013.57.4.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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29
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Zhu M, Zhang Z, Xue D, Qiao J, Liang Y, Wnuk SF. Synthesis of 5,6-Diarylpyridin-2(1H)-ones from Isoflavones. CHINESE J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201300279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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30
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Kumar S, Thakur RR, Margal SR, Thomas A. A simple and general approach for the synthesis of highly functionalized 6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridines. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.04.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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31
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Eligeti R, Saini R, Dharavath N. Design, synthesis, and antimicrobial activity of novel spiroisoxazolo[2,3-b][1,2,4]thiadiazole-2,2′-thiazolidine- 4′-ones and spiroisoxazolo[2,3-b][1,2,4]oxadiazole-2, 2′-thiazolidine-4′-ones. J Sulphur Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2012.703671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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32
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Ionic Liquid Catalyzed 4,6-Disubstituted-3-Cyano-2-Pyridone Synthesis Under Solvent-Free Conditions. Catal Letters 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-011-0700-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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33
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Heravi MM, Oskooie HA, Karimi N, Hamidi H. KAl(SO4)2·12H2O catalyzed efficient synthesis of 3,4,6-trisubstituted 2-pyridone in water. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2011.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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34
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He T, Yu L, Zhang L, Wang L, Wang M. Direct C2-Alkylation of Azoles with Alcohols and Ethers through Dehydrogenative Cross-Coupling under Metal-Free Conditions. Org Lett 2011; 13:5016-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol201779n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao He
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P.R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Lin Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P.R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P.R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P.R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P.R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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Guo J, Davis PC, Gu C, Grimm SW. Absorption, excretion, and metabolism of a potential GABA-Aα2/3receptor modulator in rats. Xenobiotica 2011; 41:385-99. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2010.545453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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36
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Kibou Z, Cheikh N, Villemin D, Choukchou-Braham N, Mostefa-Kara B, Benabdallah M. A Simple and Efficient Procedure for a 2-Pyridones Synthesis under Solvent-Free Conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.4236/ijoc.2011.14035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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37
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Heravi MM, Tahershamsi L, Oskooie HA, Baghernejad B. 1,4-Diaza-bicyclo[2,2,2]octane as a Novel and Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of 3,4,6-Trisubstituted 2-Pyridone Derivatives. CHINESE J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201090130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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38
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Epple R, Cow C, Xie Y, Azimioara M, Russo R, Wang X, Wityak J, Karanewsky DS, Tuntland T, Nguyêñ-Trân VTB, Cuc Ngo C, Huang D, Saez E, Spalding T, Gerken A, Iskandar M, Seidel HM, Tian SS. Novel bisaryl substituted thiazoles and oxazoles as highly potent and selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta agonists. J Med Chem 2010; 53:77-105. [PMID: 19928766 DOI: 10.1021/jm9007399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The discovery, synthesis, and optimization of compound 1 from a high-throughput screening hit to highly potent and selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARdelta) agonists are reported. The synthesis and structure-activity relationship in this series are described in detail. On the basis of a general schematic PPAR pharmacophore model, scaffold 1 was divided into headgroup, linker, and tailgroup and successively optimized for PPAR activation using in vitro PPAR transactivation assays. A (2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid headgroup, a flexible linker, and a five-membered heteroaromatic center ring with two hydrophobic aryl substituents were required for efficient and selective PPARdelta activation. The fine-tuning of these aryl substituents led to an array of highly potent and selective compounds such as compound 38c, displaying an excellent pharmacokinetic profile in mouse. In an in vivo acute dosing model, selected members of this array were shown to induce the expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 (PDK4) and uncoupling protein-3 (UCP3), genes that are known to be involved in energy homeostasis and regulated by PPARdelta in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Epple
- Deparment of Chemistry, The Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA.
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Abstract
Complex brains have developed specialized mechanisms for the grouping of principal cells into temporal coalitions of local or distant networks: the inhibitory interneuron ‘clocking’ networks. They consist of GABAergic (where GABA is γ-aminobutyric acid) interneurons of a rich diversity. In cortical circuits, these neurons control spike timing of the principal cells, sculpt neuronal rhythms, select cell assemblies and implement brain states. On the basis of these considerations, the deficits in cognition, emotion and perception in psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression or schizophrenia are considered to manifest themselves through a dysregulation of the inhibitory interneuron ‘clocking’ network as a final common denominator, irrespective of the diverse underlying disease pathologies. The diversity of GABAergic interneurons is paralleled by a corresponding diversity of GABAA receptors in network regulation. The region-, cell- and domain-specific location of these receptor subtypes offers the possibility to gain functional insights into the role of behaviourally relevant neuronal circuits. Using genetic manipulation, the regulation of anxiety behaviour was attributed to neuronal circuits characterized by the expression of α2-GABAA receptors. Neurons expressing α3-GABAA receptors, located mainly in aminergic and basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, were related to a hyperdopaminergic phenotype, typical of schizophrenic symptoms. Temporal and spatial memory were selectively modulated by extrasynaptic α5-GABAA receptors. Chronic pathological pain was under the regulation of spinal and cortical α2- (and α3-) GABAA receptors. Thus the relevance of the diversity of inhibitory GABAA receptor subtypes for the regulation of cognition, emotion and memory is increasingly being recognized. The clinical proof-of-concept of a subtype-specific pharmacology is most advanced for the alleviation of cognitive dysfunctions in schizophrenia, based on the treatment of patients with an α2/α3-GABAA receptor ligand.
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Discriminative stimulus effects of L-838,417 (7-tert-butyl-3-(2,5-difluoro-phenyl)-6-(2-methyl-2H-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylmethoxy)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine): role of GABA(A) receptor subtypes. Neuropharmacology 2009; 58:357-64. [PMID: 19853619 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2009.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2009] [Revised: 10/13/2009] [Accepted: 10/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Previous reports suggest that gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA(A)) receptors containing alpha1 subunits may play a pivotal role in mediating the discriminative stimulus effects of benzodiazepines (BZs). L-838,417 (7-tert-Butyl-3-(2,5-difluoro-phenyl)-6-(2-methyl-2H-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylmethoxy)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine) is a GABA(A) receptor modulator with intrinsic efficacy in vitro at alpha2, alpha3, and alpha5 subunit-containing GABA(A) receptors, and little demonstrable intrinsic efficacy in vitro at alpha1 subunit-containing GABA(A) receptors. The present study evaluated the discriminative stimulus effects of L-838,417 in order to determine the extent to which the alpha2, alpha3, and alpha5 subunit-containing GABA(A) receptors contribute to the interoceptive effects of BZ-type drugs. Squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) were trained to discriminate L-838,417 (0.3 mg/kg, i.v.) from vehicle under a 5-response fixed-ratio schedule of food reinforcement. Under test conditions, L-838,417 administration resulted in dose-dependent increases in drug-lever responding that were antagonized by the BZ-site antagonist, flumazenil. Administration of non-selective BZs, compounds with 10-fold greater affinity for alpha1 subunit-containing GABA(A) receptors compared to alpha2, alpha3, and alpha5 subunit-containing GABA(A) receptors, barbiturates and ethanol (which modulate the GABA(A) receptor via a non-BZ site), all resulted in a majority of responses on the L-838,417-paired lever (65-100% drug-lever responding). betaCCT, an antagonist that binds with 20-fold greater affinity for alpha1 subunit-containing GABA(A) receptors relative to alpha2, alpha3, and alpha5-containing GABA(A) receptors, had no significant effect on the discriminative stimulus effects of L-838,417 or the L-838,417-like effects of diazepam or zolpidem. These data suggest that efficacy at alpha2, alpha3, and/or alpha5 subunit-containing GABA(A) receptors likely are sufficient for engendering BZ-like discriminative stimulus effects.
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Taliani S, Cosimelli B, Da Settimo F, Marini AM, La Motta C, Simorini F, Salerno S, Novellino E, Greco G, Cosconati S, Marinelli L, Salvetti F, L'Abbate G, Trasciatti S, Montali M, Costa B, Martini C. Identification of anxiolytic/nonsedative agents among indol-3-ylglyoxylamides acting as functionally selective agonists at the gamma-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) alpha2 benzodiazepine receptor. J Med Chem 2009; 52:3723-34. [PMID: 19469479 DOI: 10.1021/jm9001154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Anxioselective agents may be identified among compounds binding selectively to the alpha(2)beta(x)gamma(2) subtype of the gamma-aminobutyric acid-A (GABA(A))/central benzodiazepine receptor (BzR) complex and behaving as agonists or among compounds binding with comparable potency to various BzR subtypes but eliciting agonism only at the alpha(2)beta(x)gamma(2) receptor. Because of subtle steric differences among BzR subtypes, the latter approach has proved much more successful. A biological screening within the class of indol-3-ylglyoxylamides 1-3 allowed us to identify compounds 1c and 2b as potential anxiolytic/nonsedative agents showing alpha(2) selective efficacy in vitro and anxioselective effects in vivo. According to molecular modeling studies, and consistently with SARs accumulated in the past decade, 5-NO(2)- and 5-H-indole derivatives would preferentially bind to BzR by placing the indole ring in the L(Di) and the L(2) receptor binding sites, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Taliani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Universita di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
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Messaoudi M, Lalonde R, Schroeder H, Desor D. Anxiolytic-like effects and safety profile of a tryptic hydrolysate from bovine alpha s1-casein in rats. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2009; 23:323-30. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2009.00672.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Takahashi A, Yap JJ, Bohager DZ, Faccidomo S, Clayton T, Cook JM, Miczek KA. Glutamatergic and GABAergic modulations of ultrasonic vocalizations during maternal separation distress in mouse pups. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2009; 204:61-71. [PMID: 19099296 PMCID: PMC2758424 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-008-1437-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2008] [Accepted: 12/05/2008] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dysregulation of GABAergic inhibition and glutamatergic excitation has been implicated in exaggerated anxiety. Mouse pups emit distress-like ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) when they are separated from their dam/siblings, and this behavior is reduced by benzodiazepines (BZs) which modulate GABAergic inhibition. The roles of glutamate receptors on USVs remain to be investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined the roles of glutamate receptor subtypes on mouse pup USVs using N-methyl-D: -aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists with different affinities [dizocilpine (MK-801), memantine, and neramexane] and group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist (LY-379268) and antagonist (LY-341495). These effects were compared with classic BZs: flunitrazepam, bromazepam, and chlordiazepoxide. To assess the role of GABA(A) receptor subunits on USVs, drugs that have preferential actions at different GABA(A)-alpha subunits (L-838417 and QH-ii-066) were tested. Seven-day-old CFW mouse pups were separated from their dam and littermates and placed individually on a 19 degrees C test platform for 4 min. Grid crossings and body rolls were measured in addition to USVs. RESULTS Dizocilpine dose-dependently reduced USVs, whereas memantine and neramexane showed biphasic effects and enhanced USVs at low to moderate doses. The NMDA receptor antagonists increased locomotion. LY-379268 reduced USVs but also suppressed locomotion. All BZs reduced USVs and increased motor incoordination. Neither L-838417 nor QH-ii-066 changed USVs, but both induced motor incoordination. CONCLUSION Low-affinity NMDA receptor antagonists, but not the high-affinity antagonist, enhanced mouse pup distress calls, which may be reflective of an anxiety-like state. BZs reduced USVs but also induced motor incoordination, possibly mediated by the alpha5 subunit containing GABA(A) receptors.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Anti-Anxiety Agents/adverse effects
- Anti-Anxiety Agents/pharmacology
- Anxiety/psychology
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- GABA Agents/pharmacology
- Locomotion/drug effects
- Maternal Deprivation
- Mice
- Motor Activity/drug effects
- Protein Subunits/physiology
- Receptors, GABA-A/physiology
- Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate/agonists
- Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate/physiology
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/physiology
- Sound Spectrography
- Ultrasonics
- Vocalization, Animal/drug effects
- Vocalization, Animal/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Aki. Takahashi
- A. Takahashi · J. J. Yap · D. Z. Bohager · S. Faccidomo · K. A. Miczek, Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 530 Boston Ave. (Bacon Hall), Medford, MA 02155, USA, e-mail:
- K. A. Miczek, Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
- T. Clayton · J. M. Cook, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jasmine. J. Yap
- A. Takahashi · J. J. Yap · D. Z. Bohager · S. Faccidomo · K. A. Miczek, Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 530 Boston Ave. (Bacon Hall), Medford, MA 02155, USA, e-mail:
- K. A. Miczek, Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
- T. Clayton · J. M. Cook, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Dawnya Zitzman Bohager
- A. Takahashi · J. J. Yap · D. Z. Bohager · S. Faccidomo · K. A. Miczek, Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 530 Boston Ave. (Bacon Hall), Medford, MA 02155, USA, e-mail:
- K. A. Miczek, Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
- T. Clayton · J. M. Cook, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Sara Faccidomo
- A. Takahashi · J. J. Yap · D. Z. Bohager · S. Faccidomo · K. A. Miczek, Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 530 Boston Ave. (Bacon Hall), Medford, MA 02155, USA, e-mail:
- K. A. Miczek, Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
- T. Clayton · J. M. Cook, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Terry Clayton
- A. Takahashi · J. J. Yap · D. Z. Bohager · S. Faccidomo · K. A. Miczek, Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 530 Boston Ave. (Bacon Hall), Medford, MA 02155, USA, e-mail:
- K. A. Miczek, Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
- T. Clayton · J. M. Cook, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - James. M. Cook
- A. Takahashi · J. J. Yap · D. Z. Bohager · S. Faccidomo · K. A. Miczek, Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 530 Boston Ave. (Bacon Hall), Medford, MA 02155, USA, e-mail:
- K. A. Miczek, Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
- T. Clayton · J. M. Cook, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Klaus A. Miczek
- A. Takahashi · J. J. Yap · D. Z. Bohager · S. Faccidomo · K. A. Miczek, Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 530 Boston Ave. (Bacon Hall), Medford, MA 02155, USA, e-mail:
- K. A. Miczek, Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
- T. Clayton · J. M. Cook, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Licata SC, Platt DM, Cook JM, Van Linn ML, Rowlett JK. Contribution of alpha1 subunit-containing gamma-aminobutyric acidA (GABAA) receptors to motor-impairing effects of benzodiazepines in squirrel monkeys. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2009; 203:539-46. [PMID: 19031072 PMCID: PMC2657184 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-008-1401-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2007] [Accepted: 10/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Benzodiazepines (BZs) are effective anxiolytics and hypnotics, but their use is limited by unwanted side effects, such as motor impairment. OBJECTIVES To assess the contribution of alpha1 subunit-containing gamma-aminobutyric acid(A) (GABA(A)) receptor subtypes to the motor-impairing effects of BZs, the present study evaluated two observable measures of motor coordination (balance on a pole, resistance to hind-limb flexion) engendered by nonselective and selective BZ-site agonists in squirrel monkeys. MATERIALS AND METHODS Multiple doses of nonselective BZs (triazolam, alprazolam, diazepam, and chlordiazepoxide) and alpha1 subunit-preferring agonists (zolpidem and zaleplon) were administered to adult male squirrel monkeys (N = 4-6), and experimenters rated the monkey's ability to balance on a horizontal pole ("ataxic-like effects"), as well as the degree of resistance to hind-limb flexion ("myorelaxant-like effects"). RESULTS Administration of all BZ-type drugs resulted in ataxic-like and myorelaxant-like effects. Pretreatment with the alpha1 subunit-preferring antagonist beta-carboline-3-carboxylate-t-butyl ester (betaCCT) attenuated the ataxic-like effects engendered by both types of drugs. However, betaCCT was largely ineffective at blocking the ability of both BZs and non-BZs to induce myorelaxant-like effects. CONCLUSIONS These experiments demonstrate dose-dependent motor impairment in squirrel monkeys using quantitative behavioral observation techniques. Altogether, these findings suggest a lack of a prominent role for alpha1 subunit-containing receptors in the alteration of hind-limb flexion, a putative measure of myorelaxation, induced by BZ-type drugs in monkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Donna M. Platt
- Harvard Medical School, New England Primate Research Center, Southborough, MA
| | - James M. Cook
- University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | | | - James K. Rowlett
- Harvard Medical School, New England Primate Research Center, Southborough, MA
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Yermolayev SA, Gorobets NY, Desenko SM. Rapid Three-Step One-Pot Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of 2,5-Dioxo-1,2,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-3-quinolinecarbonitrile Library. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 11:44-6. [DOI: 10.1021/cc800118v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A. Yermolayev
- Department of Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds, SSI “Institute for Single Crystals” of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lenin Avenue 60, Kharkiv 61001, Ukraine
| | - Nikolay Yu. Gorobets
- Department of Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds, SSI “Institute for Single Crystals” of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lenin Avenue 60, Kharkiv 61001, Ukraine
| | - Sergey M. Desenko
- Department of Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds, SSI “Institute for Single Crystals” of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lenin Avenue 60, Kharkiv 61001, Ukraine
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47
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Jansen M, Rabe H, Strehle A, Dieler S, Debus F, Dannhardt G, Akabas MH, Lüddens H. Synthesis of GABAA receptor agonists and evaluation of their alpha-subunit selectivity and orientation in the GABA binding site. J Med Chem 2008; 51:4430-48. [PMID: 18651727 DOI: 10.1021/jm701562x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Drugs used to treat various disorders target GABA A receptors. To develop alpha subunit selective compounds, we synthesized 5-(4-piperidyl)-3-isoxazolol (4-PIOL) derivatives. The 3-isoxazolol moiety was substituted by 1,3,5-oxadiazol-2-one, 1,3,5-oxadiazol-2-thione, and substituted 1,2,4-triazol-3-ol heterocycles with modifications to the basic piperidine substituent as well as substituents without basic nitrogen. Compounds were screened by [(3)H]muscimol binding and in patch-clamp experiments with heterologously expressed GABA A alpha ibeta 3gamma 2 receptors (i = 1-6). The effects of 5-aminomethyl-3 H-[1,3,4]oxadiazol-2-one 5d were comparable to GABA for all alpha subunit isoforms. 5-piperidin-4-yl-3 H-[1,3,4]oxadiazol-2-one 5a and 5-piperidin-4-yl-3 H-[1,3,4]oxadiazol-2-thione 6a were weak agonists at alpha 2-, alpha 3-, and alpha 5-containing receptors. When coapplied with GABA, they were antagonistic in alpha 2-, alpha 4-, and alpha 6-containing receptors and potentiated alpha 3-containing receptors. 6a protected GABA binding site cysteine-substitution mutants alpha 1F64C and alpha 1S68C from reacting with methanethiosulfonate-ethylsulfonate. 6a specifically covalently modified the alpha 1R66C thiol, in the GABA binding site, through its oxadiazolethione sulfur. These results demonstrate the feasibility of synthesizing alpha subtype selective GABA mimetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Jansen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-UniVersity, Mainz, Germany
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48
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Anzini M, Braile C, Valenti S, Cappelli A, Vomero S, Marinelli L, Limongelli V, Novellino E, Betti L, Giannaccini G, Lucacchini A, Ghelardini C, Norcini M, Makovec F, Giorgi G, Ian Fryer R. Ethyl 8-Fluoro-6-(3-nitrophenyl)-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine-3-carboxylate as Novel, Highly Potent, and Safe Antianxiety Agent. J Med Chem 2008; 51:4730-43. [DOI: 10.1021/jm8002944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Anzini
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, Dipartimento di Psichiatria, Neurobiologia Farmacologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy, Dipartimento di Farmacologia Preclinica e Clinica “M. Aiazzi Mancini”,
| | - Carlo Braile
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, Dipartimento di Psichiatria, Neurobiologia Farmacologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy, Dipartimento di Farmacologia Preclinica e Clinica “M. Aiazzi Mancini”,
| | - Salvatore Valenti
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, Dipartimento di Psichiatria, Neurobiologia Farmacologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy, Dipartimento di Farmacologia Preclinica e Clinica “M. Aiazzi Mancini”,
| | - Andrea Cappelli
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, Dipartimento di Psichiatria, Neurobiologia Farmacologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy, Dipartimento di Farmacologia Preclinica e Clinica “M. Aiazzi Mancini”,
| | - Salvatore Vomero
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, Dipartimento di Psichiatria, Neurobiologia Farmacologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy, Dipartimento di Farmacologia Preclinica e Clinica “M. Aiazzi Mancini”,
| | - Luciana Marinelli
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, Dipartimento di Psichiatria, Neurobiologia Farmacologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy, Dipartimento di Farmacologia Preclinica e Clinica “M. Aiazzi Mancini”,
| | - Vittorio Limongelli
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, Dipartimento di Psichiatria, Neurobiologia Farmacologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy, Dipartimento di Farmacologia Preclinica e Clinica “M. Aiazzi Mancini”,
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, Dipartimento di Psichiatria, Neurobiologia Farmacologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy, Dipartimento di Farmacologia Preclinica e Clinica “M. Aiazzi Mancini”,
| | - Laura Betti
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, Dipartimento di Psichiatria, Neurobiologia Farmacologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy, Dipartimento di Farmacologia Preclinica e Clinica “M. Aiazzi Mancini”,
| | - Gino Giannaccini
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, Dipartimento di Psichiatria, Neurobiologia Farmacologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy, Dipartimento di Farmacologia Preclinica e Clinica “M. Aiazzi Mancini”,
| | - Antonio Lucacchini
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, Dipartimento di Psichiatria, Neurobiologia Farmacologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy, Dipartimento di Farmacologia Preclinica e Clinica “M. Aiazzi Mancini”,
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, Dipartimento di Psichiatria, Neurobiologia Farmacologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy, Dipartimento di Farmacologia Preclinica e Clinica “M. Aiazzi Mancini”,
| | - Monica Norcini
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, Dipartimento di Psichiatria, Neurobiologia Farmacologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy, Dipartimento di Farmacologia Preclinica e Clinica “M. Aiazzi Mancini”,
| | - Francesco Makovec
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, Dipartimento di Psichiatria, Neurobiologia Farmacologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy, Dipartimento di Farmacologia Preclinica e Clinica “M. Aiazzi Mancini”,
| | - Gianluca Giorgi
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, Dipartimento di Psichiatria, Neurobiologia Farmacologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy, Dipartimento di Farmacologia Preclinica e Clinica “M. Aiazzi Mancini”,
| | - R. Ian Fryer
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, Dipartimento di Psichiatria, Neurobiologia Farmacologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy, Dipartimento di Farmacologia Preclinica e Clinica “M. Aiazzi Mancini”,
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49
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Vijayan RSK, Ghoshal N. Structural basis for ligand recognition at the benzodiazepine binding site of GABAA alpha 3 receptor, and pharmacophore-based virtual screening approach. J Mol Graph Model 2008; 27:286-98. [PMID: 18565775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2008.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2008] [Revised: 04/29/2008] [Accepted: 05/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Given the heterogeneity of GABA(A) receptor, the pharmacological significance of identifying subtype selective modulators is increasingly being recognized. Thus, drugs selective for GABA(A) alpha(3) receptors are expected to display fewer side effects than the drugs presently in clinical use. Hence we carried out 3D QSAR (three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship) studies on a series of novel GABA(A) alpha(3) subtype selective modulators to gain more insight into subtype affinity. To identify the 3D functional attributes required for subtype selectivity, a chemical feature-based pharmacophore, primarily based on selective ligands representing diverse structural classes was generated. The obtained pseudo receptor model of the benzodiazepine binding site revealed a binding mode akin to "Message-Address" concept. Scaffold hopping was carried out across multi-conformational May Bridge database for the identification of novel chemotypes. Further a focused data reduction approach was employed to choose a subset of enriched compounds based on "Drug likeness" and "Similarity-based" methods. These results taken together could provide impetus for rational design and optimization of more selective and high affinity leads with a potential to have decreased adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S K Vijayan
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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50
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Yermolayev SA, Gorobets NY, Lukinova EV, Shishkin OV, Shishkina S, Desenko SM. An efficient synthesis of N1-substituted 2,5-dioxo-1,2,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-3-quinolinecarboxamide via enolate salts. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.02.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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