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Zhou S, Guo F, Chao CY, Yoon S, Alvarez SL, Shrestha S, Flynn JH, Usenko S, Sheesley RJ, Griffin RJ. Marine Submicron Aerosols from the Gulf of Mexico: Polluted and Acidic with Rapid Production of Sulfate and Organosulfates. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:5149-5159. [PMID: 36939598 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We measured submicron aerosols (PM1) at a beachfront site in Texas in Spring 2021 to characterize the "background" aerosol chemical composition advecting into Texas and the factors controlling this composition. Observations show that marine "background" aerosols from the Gulf of Mexico were highly processed and acidic; sulfate was the most abundant component (on average 57% of total PM1 mass), followed by organic material (26%). These chemical characteristics are similar to those observed at other marine locations globally. However, Gulf "background" aerosols were much more polluted; the average non-refractory (NR-) PM1 mass concentration was 3-70 times higher than that observed in other clean marine atmospheres. Anthropogenic shipping emissions over the Gulf of Mexico explain 78.3% of the total measured "background" sulfate in the Gulf air. We frequently observed haze pollution in the air mass from the Gulf, with significantly elevated concentrations of sulfate, organosulfates, and secondary organic aerosol associated with sulfuric acid. Analysis suggests that aqueous oxidation of shipping emissions over the Gulf of Mexico by peroxides in the particles might potentially be an important pathway for the rapid production of acidic sulfate and organosulfates during the haze episodes under acidic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhou
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Fangzhou Guo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Chun-Ying Chao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Subin Yoon
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Sergio L Alvarez
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Sujan Shrestha
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - James H Flynn
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Sascha Usenko
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Rebecca J Sheesley
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Robert J Griffin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- School of Engineering, Computing and Construction Management, Roger Williams University, Bristol, Rhode Island 02809, United States
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Decker ZCJ, Wang S, Bourgeois I, Campuzano Jost P, Coggon MM, DiGangi JP, Diskin GS, Flocke FM, Franchin A, Fredrickson CD, Gkatzelis GI, Hall SR, Halliday H, Hayden K, Holmes CD, Huey LG, Jimenez JL, Lee YR, Lindaas J, Middlebrook AM, Montzka DD, Neuman JA, Nowak JB, Pagonis D, Palm BB, Peischl J, Piel F, Rickly PS, Robinson MA, Rollins AW, Ryerson TB, Sekimoto K, Thornton JA, Tyndall GS, Ullmann K, Veres PR, Warneke C, Washenfelder RA, Weinheimer AJ, Wisthaler A, Womack C, Brown SS. Novel Analysis to Quantify Plume Crosswind Heterogeneity Applied to Biomass Burning Smoke. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:15646-15657. [PMID: 34817984 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c03803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel method, the Gaussian observational model for edge to center heterogeneity (GOMECH), to quantify the horizontal chemical structure of plumes. GOMECH fits observations of short-lived emissions or products against a long-lived tracer (e.g., CO) to provide relative metrics for the plume width (wi/wCO) and center (bi/wCO). To validate GOMECH, we investigate OH and NO3 oxidation processes in smoke plumes sampled during FIREX-AQ (Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality, a 2019 wildfire smoke study). An analysis of 430 crosswind transects demonstrates that nitrous acid (HONO), a primary source of OH, is narrower than CO (wHONO/wCO = 0.73-0.84 ± 0.01) and maleic anhydride (an OH oxidation product) is enhanced on plume edges (wmaleicanhydride/wCO = 1.06-1.12 ± 0.01). By contrast, NO3 production [P(NO3)] occurs mainly at the plume center (wP(NO3)/wCO = 0.91-1.00 ± 0.01). Phenolic emissions, highly reactive to OH and NO3, are narrower than CO (wphenol/wCO = 0.96 ± 0.03, wcatechol/wCO = 0.91 ± 0.01, and wmethylcatechol/wCO = 0.84 ± 0.01), suggesting that plume edge phenolic losses are the greatest. Yet, nitrophenolic aerosol, their oxidation product, is the greatest at the plume center (wnitrophenolicaerosol/wCO = 0.95 ± 0.02). In a large plume case study, GOMECH suggests that nitrocatechol aerosol is most associated with P(NO3). Last, we corroborate GOMECH with a large eddy simulation model which suggests most (55%) of nitrocatechol is produced through NO3 in our case study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary C J Decker
- NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL), Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Siyuan Wang
- NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL), Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Ilann Bourgeois
- NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL), Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Pedro Campuzano Jost
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Matthew M Coggon
- NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL), Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Joshua P DiGangi
- NASA Langley Research Center, MS 483, Hampton, Virginia 23681, United States
| | - Glenn S Diskin
- NASA Langley Research Center, MS 483, Hampton, Virginia 23681, United States
| | - Frank M Flocke
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado 80301, United States
| | - Alessandro Franchin
- NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL), Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado 80301, United States
| | - Carley D Fredrickson
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Georgios I Gkatzelis
- NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL), Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Samuel R Hall
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado 80301, United States
| | - Hannah Halliday
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado 80301, United States
| | - Katherine Hayden
- Air Quality Research Division (AQRD), Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto M3H 5T4, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher D Holmes
- Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32304, United States
| | - L Gregory Huey
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Jose L Jimenez
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Young Ro Lee
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Jakob Lindaas
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Ann M Middlebrook
- NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL), Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
| | - Denise D Montzka
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado 80301, United States
| | - J Andrew Neuman
- NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL), Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - John B Nowak
- Science Systems and Applications, Inc. (SSAI), Hampton, Virginia 23666, United States
| | - Demetrios Pagonis
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Brett B Palm
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Jeff Peischl
- NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL), Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Felix Piel
- Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo 0315, Norway
| | - Pamela S Rickly
- NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL), Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Michael A Robinson
- NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL), Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Andrew W Rollins
- NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL), Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
| | - Thomas B Ryerson
- NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL), Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
| | - Kanako Sekimoto
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0027, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Joel A Thornton
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Geoff S Tyndall
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado 80301, United States
| | - Kirk Ullmann
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado 80301, United States
| | - Patrick R Veres
- NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL), Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
| | - Carsten Warneke
- NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL), Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | | | - Andrew J Weinheimer
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado 80301, United States
| | - Armin Wisthaler
- Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo 0315, Norway
| | - Caroline Womack
- NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL), Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Steven S Brown
- NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL), Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
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3
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Korszun-Klak K, Hlawiczka S, Kobylecki R. Acidity of rainfall samples in close vicinity of coal-fired power plant with wet cooling tower with flue gas injection. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:635. [PMID: 34491444 PMCID: PMC8423646 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09443-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents measurement data concerning the degree of acidification of precipitation collected during a 6-month measurement campaign carried out in an immediate vicinity of a power plant, where the cooling tower was used for discharging flue gases as a product of coal combustion. As reference, data obtained from parallel measurements carried out at a monitoring station considered as city background station were used. High acidity of precipitation was anticipated due to reactions of acid gases contained in the combustion gases with water, which already occur inside the cooling tower. The results have not confirmed this assumption. The pH value of the precipitation samples was significantly higher than the pH of rainwater at the background station located 18 km away from the power plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Korszun-Klak
- Faculty of Infrastructure and Environment, Czestochowa University of Technology, 42-201, Czestochowa, Poland.
| | - Stanislaw Hlawiczka
- Faculty of Infrastructure and Environment, Czestochowa University of Technology, 42-201, Czestochowa, Poland
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 40-844, Katowice, Poland
| | - Rafal Kobylecki
- Faculty of Infrastructure and Environment, Czestochowa University of Technology, 42-201, Czestochowa, Poland
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4
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Abstract
Urbanization is an ongoing global phenomenon as more and more people are moving from rural to urban areas for better employment opportunities and a higher standard of living, leading to the growth of megacities, broadly defined as urban agglomeration with more than 10 million inhabitants. Intense activities in megacities induce high levels of air pollutants in the atmosphere that harm human health, cause regional haze and acid deposition, damage crops, influence air quality in regions far from the megacity sources, and contribute to climate change. Since the Great London Smog and the first recognized episode of Los Angeles photochemical smog seventy years ago, substantial progress has been made in improving the scientific understanding of air pollution and in developing emissions reduction technologies. However, much remains to be understood about the complex processes of atmospheric oxidation mechanisms; the formation and evolution of secondary particles, especially those containing organic species; and the influence of emerging emissions sources and changing climate on air quality and health. While air quality has substantially improved in megacities in developed regions and some in the developing regions, many still suffer from severe air pollution. Strong regional and international collaboration in data collection and assessment will be beneficial in strengthening the capacity. This article provides an overview of the sources of emissions in megacities, atmospheric physicochemical processes, air quality trends and management in a few megacities, and the impacts on health and climate. The challenges and opportunities facing megacities due to lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa T Molina
- Molina Center for Energy and the Environment, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
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Liang SY, Cui JL, Bi XY, Luo XS, Li XD. Deciphering source contributions of trace metal contamination in urban soil, road dust, and foliar dust of Guangzhou, southern China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 695:133596. [PMID: 31421330 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Trace metal contamination prevails in various compartments of the urban environment. Understanding the roles of various anthropogenic sources in urban trace metal contamination is critical for pollution control and city development. In this study, the source contribution from various contamination sources to trace metal contamination (e.g., Cu, Pb, Zn, Co, Cr and Ni) in different environmental compartments in a typical megacity, Guangzhou, southern China, was investigated using the receptor model (Absolute Principal Component Scores-Multiple Linear Regression, APCS-MLR) coupled with the Kriging technique. Lead isotopic data and APCS-MLR analysis identified industrial and traffic emissions as the major sources of trace metals in surface soil, road dust, and foliar dust in Guangzhou. Lead isotopic compositions of road dust and foliar dust exhibited similar ranges, implying their similar sources and potential metal exchange between them. Re-suspended soil contributed to 0-38% and 25-58% of the trace metals in the road dust and foliar dust, respectively, indicating the transport of the different terrestrial dust. Spatial distribution patterns implied that Cu in the road dust was a good indicator of traffic contamination, particularly with traffic volume and vehicle speed. Lead and Zn in foliar dust indicated mainly industrial contamination, which decreased from the emission source (e.g., a power plant and steel factory) to the surrounding environment. The spatial influence of industry and traffic on the contamination status of road dust/foliar dust was successfully separated from that of other anthropogenic sources. This study demonstrated that anthropogenic inputs of trace metals in various environmental compartments (e.g., urban soil, road dust, and foliar dust) can be evaluated using a combined APCS-MLR receptor model and geostatistical analysis at a megacity scale. The coupled use of APCS-MLR analysis, geostatistics, and Pb isotopes successfully deciphered the spatial influence of the contamination sources in the urban environment matrix, providing some important information for further land remediation and health risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yuan Liang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jin-Li Cui
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Bi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiao-San Luo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong; International Center for Ecology, Meteorology, and Environment (IceMe), School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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6
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Kim H, Zhang Q. Chemistry of new particle growth during springtime in the Seoul metropolitan area, Korea. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 225:713-722. [PMID: 30903845 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
New particle formation and growth events (NPEs) were frequently observed (17 out of 60 days) during April 14 to June 15, 2016 in the Seoul metropolitan area (SMA). In this study, we investigated the chemical mechanisms of new particle growth based on measurements conducted using an aerodyne high resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) and a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS). Both instruments were deployed as a part of the KORUS-AQ campaign (Korea-US Air Quality study). NPEs usually started around noon time between ∼11:00 and 14:00 with the appearance of an ultrafine mode peaking between ∼20 and 30 nm (in mobility diameter, Dm, measured by the SMPS operating in the range 18-947 nm) followed by the growth of this modal diameter to 50-100 nm during the next ∼6-18 h. The growth rate of NPEs during the study was on average 4.48 ± 1.39 nm/h. Comparing to the non-NPE days in SMA, NPEs occurred under the conditions of lower concentration of preexisting particles, higher ozone (48 vs 30 ppb), stronger solar radiation (2.53 vs1.20 MJ/m2), and drier air (34 vs 65%). The HR-ToF-AMS size-resolved aerosol composition measurements show that LV-OOA (low volatility oxidized organic aerosol) and sulfate were major contributors to the growth of new particles at the initial stage of NPE which mostly occurred during daytime and that the later growth which extended into nighttime was mainly contributed by semi-volatile condensable species such as nitrate and SV-OOA (semi-volatile oxygenated organic aerosol). Generally new particles grew to a modal size of ∼80 nm (12 out of 17 NPEs) over the course of an event, however, particles could grow to larger than 100 nm when nitrate concentration was high whereas particle growth was limited to ∼ 50 nm when nitrate, SV-OOA or sulfate were low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwajin Kim
- Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea.
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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7
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Leong YJ, Sanchez NP, Wallace HW, Karakurt Cevik B, Hernandez CS, Han Y, Flynn JH, Massoli P, Floerchinger C, Fortner EC, Herndon S, Bean JK, Hildebrandt Ruiz L, Jeon W, Choi Y, Lefer B, Griffin RJ. Overview of surface measurements and spatial characterization of submicrometer particulate matter during the DISCOVER-AQ 2013 campaign in Houston, TX. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2017; 67:854-872. [PMID: 28278029 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2017.1296502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The sources of submicrometer particulate matter (PM1) remain poorly characterized in the industrialized city of Houston, TX. A mobile sampling approach was used to characterize PM1 composition and concentration across Houston based on high-time-resolution measurements of nonrefractory PM1 and trace gases during the DISCOVER-AQ Texas 2013 campaign. Two pollution zones with marked differences in PM1 levels, character, and dynamics were established based on cluster analysis of organic aerosol mass loadings sampled at 16 sites. The highest PM1 mass concentrations (average 11.6 ± 5.7 µg/m3) were observed to the northwest of Houston (zone 1), dominated by secondary organic aerosol (SOA) mass likely driven by nighttime biogenic organonitrate formation. Zone 2, an industrial/urban area south/east of Houston, exhibited lower concentrations of PM1 (average 4.4 ± 3.3 µg/m3), significant organic aerosol (OA) aging, and evidence of primary sulfate emissions. Diurnal patterns and backward-trajectory analyses enable the classification of airmass clusters characterized by distinct PM sources: biogenic SOA, photochemical aged SOA, and primary sulfate emissions from the Houston Ship Channel. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicates that secondary biogenic organonitrates primarily related with monoterpenes are predominant in zone 1 (accounting for 34% of the variability in the data set). The relevance of photochemical processes and industrial and traffic emission sources in zone 2 also is highlighted by PCA, which identifies three factors related with these processes/sources (~50% of the aerosol/trace gas concentration variability). PCA reveals a relatively minor contribution of isoprene to SOA formation in zone 1 and the absence of isoprene-derived aerosol in zone 2. The relevance of industrial amine emissions and the likely contribution of chloride-displaced sea salt aerosol to the observed variability in pollution levels in zone 2 also are captured by PCA. IMPLICATIONS This article describes an urban-scale mobile study to characterize spatial variations in submicrometer particulate matter (PM1) in greater Houston. The data set indicates substantial spatial variations in PM1 sources/chemistry and elucidates the importance of photochemistry and nighttime oxidant chemistry in producing secondary PM1. These results emphasize the potential benefits of effective control strategies throughout the region, not only to reduce primary emissions of PM1 from automobiles and industry but also to reduce the emissions of important secondary PM1 precursors, including sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, ammonia, and volatile organic compounds. Such efforts also could aid in efforts to reduce mixing ratios of ozone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Leong
- a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Rice University , Houston , TX , USA
| | - N P Sanchez
- a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Rice University , Houston , TX , USA
| | - H W Wallace
- a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Rice University , Houston , TX , USA
| | - B Karakurt Cevik
- a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Rice University , Houston , TX , USA
| | - C S Hernandez
- a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Rice University , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Y Han
- a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Rice University , Houston , TX , USA
| | - J H Flynn
- b Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences , University of Houston , Houston , TX , USA
| | - P Massoli
- c Aerodyne Research, Inc ., Billerica , MA , USA
| | | | - E C Fortner
- c Aerodyne Research, Inc ., Billerica , MA , USA
| | - S Herndon
- c Aerodyne Research, Inc ., Billerica , MA , USA
| | - J K Bean
- d McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA
| | - L Hildebrandt Ruiz
- d McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA
| | - W Jeon
- b Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences , University of Houston , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Y Choi
- b Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences , University of Houston , Houston , TX , USA
| | - B Lefer
- b Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences , University of Houston , Houston , TX , USA
| | - R J Griffin
- a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Rice University , Houston , TX , USA
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8
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Chen WH, Chen ZB, Yuan CS, Hung CH, Ning SK. Investigating the differences between receptor and dispersion modeling for concentration prediction and health risk assessment of volatile organic compounds from petrochemical industrial complexes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 166:440-449. [PMID: 26555100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Receptor and dispersion models both provide important information to help understand the emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and develop effective management strategies. In this study, differences between the predicted concentrations of two models and the associated impacts on the estimated health risks due to different theories behind two models were investigated. Two petrochemical industrial complexes in Kaohsiung city of southern Taiwan were selected as the sites for this comparison. Although the study compares the approaches by applying the methods to this specific area, the results are expected to be adopted for other areas or industries. Ninety-nine VOC concentrations at eight monitoring sites were analyzed, with the effects of diurnal temperature and seasonal humidity variations being considered. The Chemical Mass Balance (CMB) receptor model was used for source apportionment, while the Industrial Source Complex (ISC) dispersion model was used to predict the VOC concentrations at receptor sites. In the results of receptor modeling, 54% ± 11% and 49% ± 20% of the monitored concentrations were contributed by process emissions in two complexes, whereas the numbers increased to 78% ± 41% and 64% ± 44% in the results of dispersion modeling. Significant differences were observed between two model predictions (p < 0.05). The receptor model was more reproducible given the smaller variances of its results. The effect of seasonal humidity variation on two model predictions was not negligible. Similar findings were observed given that the cancer and non-cancer risks estimated by the receptor model were lower but more reproducible. The adverse health risks estimated by the dispersion model exceeded and were 75.3%-132.4% of the values estimated by using the monitored data, whereas the percentages were lowered to the range from 27.4% to 53.8% when the prediction was performed by using the receptor model. As the results of different models could be significantly different and affect the final health risk assessment, it is important to carefully choose an appropriate model for prediction and to evaluate by monitoring to avoid providing false information for appropriate management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsiang Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 70, Lian-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Zheng-Bin Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 70, Lian-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Shin Yuan
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 70, Lian-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Hsuang Hung
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Kuang Ning
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
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9
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Zhang R, Wang G, Guo S, Zamora ML, Ying Q, Lin Y, Wang W, Hu M, Wang Y. Formation of urban fine particulate matter. Chem Rev 2015; 115:3803-55. [PMID: 25942499 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 473] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Renyi Zhang
- §State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Song Guo
- §State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | - Min Hu
- §State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- #Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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Chen WH, Yang WB, Yuan CS, Yang JC, Zhao QL. Fates of chlorinated volatile organic compounds in aerobic biological treatment processes: the effects of aeration and sludge addition. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 103:92-98. [PMID: 24321332 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is becoming an environmental issue of increasing concern. As biological treatment has been considered as one important approach for VOC removal, lab-scale batch experiments were conducted in this study to investigate the fates of four chlorinated hydrocarbons, including chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene (TCE), and tetrachloroethylene (PERC), in the biological treatment processes with respect to the effects of aeration and sludge addition. The VOC concentrations in the phases of air, water, and sludge under four simulated treatment stages (the first sedimentation, the forepart and rear part of aerobic biological treatment, and the second sedimentation) were analyzed. The results were used to understand the three-phase partitioning of these compounds and to estimate their potentials for volatilization and biological sorption and degradation in these technologies with the concept of fugacity. It was observed that the VOCs were mainly present in the water phase through the experiments. The effects of aeration or sludge addition on the fates of these VOCs occurred but appeared to be relatively limited. The concentration distributions of the VOCs were well below the reported partitioning coefficients. It was suggested that these compounds were unsaturated in the air and sludge phases, enhancing their potentials for volatilization and biological sorption/degradation through the processes. However, the properties of these chlorinated VOCs such as the volatility, polarity, or even biodegradability caused by their structural characteristics (e.g., the number of chlorine, saturated or unsaturated) may represent more significant factors for their fates in the aerobic biological treatment processes. These findings prove the complication behind the current knowledge of VOC pollutions in WWTPs and are of help to manage the adverse impacts on the environment and public health by the VOCs from these particular sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsiang Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Wen-Ben Yang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chung-Shin Yuan
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Jun-Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environments (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Qing-Liang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environments (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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11
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Liu CC, Chen WH, Yuan CS, Lin C. Multivariate analysis of effects of diurnal temperature and seasonal humidity variations by tropical savanna climate on the emissions of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 470-471:311-323. [PMID: 24144936 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.09.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particularly those from anthropogenic sources, have been of substantial concern. In this study, the influences of diurnal temperature and seasonal humidity variations by tropical savanna climate on the distributions of VOCs from stationary industrial sources were investigated by analyzing the concentrations during the daytime and nighttime in the dry and wet seasons and assessing the results by principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. Kaohsiung City in Southern Taiwan, known for its severe VOC pollution, was chosen as the location to be examined. In the results, the VOC concentrations were lower during the daytime and in the wet season, possibly attributed to the stronger photochemical reactions and increasing inhibition of VOC emissions and transports by elevating humidity levels. Certain compounds became appreciably more important at higher humidity, as these compounds were saturated hydrocarbons with relatively low molecular weights. The influence of diurnal temperature variation on VOC distribution behaviors seemed to be less important than and interacted with that of seasonal humidity variation. Heavier aromatic hydrocarbons with more complex structures and some aliphatic compounds were found to be the main species accounting for the maximum variances of the data observed at high humidity, and the distinct grouping of compounds implied a pronounced inherent characteristic of each cluster in the observed VOC distributions. Under the influence of diurnal temperature variation, selected VOCs that may have stronger photochemical resistances and/or longer lifetimes in the atmosphere were clustered with each other in the cluster analysis, whereas the other groups might consist of compounds with different levels of vulnerability to sunlight or high temperatures. These findings prove the complications in the current knowledge regarding the VOC contaminations and providing insight for managing the adverse impacts of the anthropogenic VOCs on the environment and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chung Liu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Hsiang Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Chung-Shin Yuan
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Chitsan Lin
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan, ROC
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12
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Yang JJ, Liu CC, Chen WH, Yuan CS, Lin C. Assessing the altitude effect on distributions of volatile organic compounds from different sources by principal component analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2013; 15:972-985. [PMID: 23525228 DOI: 10.1039/c3em00034f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particularly those from industrial sources, have been of substantial concern because they have had adverse effects on the nearby environment and human health. In this study, the effect of altitude on the distributions of VOCs from petrochemical industrial sources was studied by analyzing the VOC concentrations at ground level and three different altitudes (100, 300, and 500 m above the ground) during three monitoring seasons from 2009 to 2010 and assessing the results by principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. Kaohsiung city in southern Taiwan, known for its high levels of air contaminants due to many pollution-intensive industries in the city, was selected as the area to be examined. Of various types of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons being detected, acetone and toluene were the dominant VOC species with relatively high concentrations. By PCA application and cluster analysis, aromatic and aliphatic compounds were found to be the main VOCs accounting for the maximum variance of the data observed at ground level and high altitude, respectively. The presence of mono-aromatic hydrocarbons at ground level suggested an important contribution from traffic, while the presence of both saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons at high altitudes was likely to be due to the local petrochemical industries given the heights of flare stacks in the examined areas and short lifetimes of unsaturated hydrocarbons such as alkenes. 3-D loading plots exhibited clear grouping of the VOCs in terms of their chemical structures and/or physicochemical characteristics for the data at ground level and 500 m and less clear differentiation for the data at 100 and 300 m, possibly resulted by atmospheric dispersion and mixing. The influence of altitude on the VOC distributions appeared not to be negligible and was greatly impacted by the location (e.g., height) of emission sources and the physicochemical properties of the VOCs including their molecular weights/sizes and lifetimes in the atmosphere. These findings prove the complications in the current knowledge of VOC pollution and are of help in managing the adverse impacts on the environment and public health by VOCs from industrial or other sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhih-Jhe Yang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC
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13
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LeBlanc SE, Schmidt KS, Pilewskie P, Redemann J, Hostetler C, Ferrare R, Hair J, Langridge JM, Lack DA. Spectral aerosol direct radiative forcing from airborne radiative measurements during CalNex and ARCTAS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2012jd018106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Brown SS, Dubé WP, Karamchandani P, Yarwood G, Peischl J, Ryerson TB, Neuman JA, Nowak JB, Holloway JS, Washenfelder RA, Brock CA, Frost GJ, Trainer M, Parrish DD, Fehsenfeld FC, Ravishankara AR. Effects of NOxcontrol and plume mixing on nighttime chemical processing of plumes from coal-fired power plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd016954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Brown SS, Dubé WP, Peischl J, Ryerson TB, Atlas E, Warneke C, de Gouw JA, te Lintel Hekkert S, Brock CA, Flocke F, Trainer M, Parrish DD, Feshenfeld FC, Ravishankara AR. Budgets for nocturnal VOC oxidation by nitrate radicals aloft during the 2006 Texas Air Quality Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd016544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven S. Brown
- Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - William P. Dubé
- Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Jeff Peischl
- Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Thomas B. Ryerson
- Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Elliot Atlas
- Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science; University of Miami; Miami Florida USA
| | - Carsten Warneke
- Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Joost A. de Gouw
- Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
| | | | - Charles A. Brock
- Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Frank Flocke
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Michael Trainer
- Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - David D. Parrish
- Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Frederick C. Feshenfeld
- Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - A. R. Ravishankara
- Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
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16
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Zhang R, Khalizov A, Wang L, Hu M, Xu W. Nucleation and growth of nanoparticles in the atmosphere. Chem Rev 2011; 112:1957-2011. [PMID: 22044487 DOI: 10.1021/cr2001756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 469] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Renyi Zhang
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Center for Atmospheric Chemistry and Environment, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA.
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17
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Brioude J, Kim SW, Angevine WM, Frost GJ, Lee SH, McKeen SA, Trainer M, Fehsenfeld FC, Holloway JS, Ryerson TB, Williams EJ, Petron G, Fast JD. Top-down estimate of anthropogenic emission inventories and their interannual variability in Houston using a mesoscale inverse modeling technique. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd016215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Rivera C, Mellqvist J, Samuelsson J, Lefer B, Alvarez S, Patel MR. Quantification of NO2and SO2emissions from the Houston Ship Channel and Texas City industrial areas during the 2006 Texas Air Quality Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd012675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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Bahreini R, Ervens B, Middlebrook AM, Warneke C, de Gouw JA, DeCarlo PF, Jimenez JL, Brock CA, Neuman JA, Ryerson TB, Stark H, Atlas E, Brioude J, Fried A, Holloway JS, Peischl J, Richter D, Walega J, Weibring P, Wollny AG, Fehsenfeld FC. Organic aerosol formation in urban and industrial plumes near Houston and Dallas, Texas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd011493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Parrish DD, Allen DT, Bates TS, Estes M, Fehsenfeld FC, Feingold G, Ferrare R, Hardesty RM, Meagher JF, Nielsen-Gammon JW, Pierce RB, Ryerson TB, Seinfeld JH, Williams EJ. Overview of the Second Texas Air Quality Study (TexAQS II) and the Gulf of Mexico Atmospheric Composition and Climate Study (GoMACCS). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd011842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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McKeen S, Grell G, Peckham S, Wilczak J, Djalalova I, Hsie EY, Frost G, Peischl J, Schwarz J, Spackman R, Holloway J, de Gouw J, Warneke C, Gong W, Bouchet V, Gaudreault S, Racine J, McHenry J, McQueen J, Lee P, Tang Y, Carmichael GR, Mathur R. An evaluation of real-time air quality forecasts and their urban emissions over eastern Texas during the summer of 2006 Second Texas Air Quality Study field study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd011697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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Brown SS, Dubé WP, Fuchs H, Ryerson TB, Wollny AG, Brock CA, Bahreini R, Middlebrook AM, Neuman JA, Atlas E, Roberts JM, Osthoff HD, Trainer M, Fehsenfeld FC, Ravishankara AR. Reactive uptake coefficients for N2O5determined from aircraft measurements during the Second Texas Air Quality Study: Comparison to current model parameterizations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd011679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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23
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Massoli P, Bates TS, Quinn PK, Lack DA, Baynard T, Lerner BM, Tucker SC, Brioude J, Stohl A, Williams EJ. Aerosol optical and hygroscopic properties during TexAQS‐GoMACCS 2006 and their impact on aerosol direct radiative forcing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd011604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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24
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Russell LM, Takahama S, Liu S, Hawkins LN, Covert DS, Quinn PK, Bates TS. Oxygenated fraction and mass of organic aerosol from direct emission and atmospheric processing measured on the R/VRonald Brownduring TEXAQS/GoMACCS 2006. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd011275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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25
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Lack DA, Corbett JJ, Onasch T, Lerner B, Massoli P, Quinn PK, Bates TS, Covert DS, Coffman D, Sierau B, Herndon S, Allan J, Baynard T, Lovejoy E, Ravishankara AR, Williams E. Particulate emissions from commercial shipping: Chemical, physical, and optical properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd011300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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26
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Bates TS, Quinn PK, Coffman D, Schulz K, Covert DS, Johnson JE, Williams EJ, Lerner BM, Angevine WM, Tucker SC, Brewer WA, Stohl A. Boundary layer aerosol chemistry during TexAQS/GoMACCS 2006: Insights into aerosol sources and transformation processes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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27
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Fan J, Zhang R, Tao WK, Mohr KI. Effects of aerosol optical properties on deep convective clouds and radiative forcing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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28
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Brown SS, Dubé WP, Osthoff HD, Stutz J, Ryerson TB, Wollny AG, Brock CA, Warneke C, de Gouw JA, Atlas E, Neuman JA, Holloway JS, Lerner BM, Williams EJ, Kuster WC, Goldan PD, Angevine WM, Trainer M, Fehsenfeld FC, Ravishankara AR. Vertical profiles in NO3and N2O5measured from an aircraft: Results from the NOAA P-3 and surface platforms during the New England Air Quality Study 2004. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Kleinman LI, Daum PH, Lee YN, Senum GI, Springston SR, Wang J, Berkowitz C, Hubbe J, Zaveri RA, Brechtel FJ, Jayne J, Onasch TB, Worsnop D. Aircraft observations of aerosol composition and ageing in New England and Mid-Atlantic States during the summer 2002 New England Air Quality Study field campaign. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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30
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Zhang Q, Jimenez JL, Worsnop DR, Canagaratna M. A case study of urban particle acidity and its influence on secondary organic aerosol. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2007; 41:3213-9. [PMID: 17539528 DOI: 10.1021/es061812j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Size-resolved indicators of aerosol acidity, including H+ ion concentrations (H+Aer) and the ratio of stoichiometric neutralization are evaluated in submicrometer aerosols using highly time-resolved aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) data from Pittsburgh. The pH and ionic strength within the aqueous particle phase are also estimated using the Aerosol Inorganics Model (AIM). Different mechanisms that contribute to the presence of acidic particles in Pittsburgh are discussed. The largest H+Aer loadings and lowest levels of stoichiometric neutralization were detected when PM1 loadings were high and dominated by SO4(2-). The average size distribution of H+Aer loading shows an accumulation mode at Dva approximately 600 nm and an enhanced smaller mode that centers at Dva approximately 200 nm and tails into smaller sizes. The acidity in the accumulation mode particles suggests that there is generally not enough gas-phase NH3 available on a regional scale to completely neutralize sulfate in Pittsburgh. The lack of stoichiometric neutralization in the 200 nm mode particles is likely caused by the relatively slow mixing of gas-phase NH3 into SO2-rich plumes containing younger particles. We examined the influence of particle acidity on secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation by comparing the mass concentrations and size distributions of oxygenated organic aerosol (00A--surrogate for SOA in Pittsburgh) during periods when particles are, on average, acidic to those when particles are bulk neutralized. The average mass concentration of ODA during the acidic periods (3.1 +/- 1.7 microg m(-3)) is higher than that during the neutralized periods (2.5 +/- 1.3 microg m(-3)). Possible reasons for this enhancement include increased condensation of SOA species, acid-catalyzed SOA formation, and/or differences in air mass transport and history. However, even if the entire enhancement (approximately 0.6 microg m(-3)) can be attributed to acid catalysis, the upperbound increase of SOA mass in acidic particles is approximately 25%, an enhancement that is much more moderate than the multifold increases in SOA mass observed during some lab studies and inferred in SO2-rich industrial plumes. In addition, the mass spectra of OOA from these two periods are almost identical with no discernible increase in relative signal intensity at larger m/z's (>200 amu), suggesting that the chemical nature of SOA is similar during acidic and neutralized periods and that there is no significant enhancement of SOA oligomer formation during acidic particle periods in Pittsburgh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Atmospheric Sciences Research Center (ASRC) and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, 251 Fuller Road, CESTM L110, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12203, USA.
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31
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Ziemba LD, Fischer E, Griffin RJ, Talbot RW. Aerosol acidity in rural New England: Temporal trends and source region analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. D. Ziemba
- Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, Climate Change Research Center; University of New Hampshire; Durham New Hampshire USA
- Department of Earth Sciences; University of New Hampshire; Durham New Hampshire USA
| | - E. Fischer
- Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, Climate Change Research Center; University of New Hampshire; Durham New Hampshire USA
- Department of Earth Sciences; University of New Hampshire; Durham New Hampshire USA
- Mount Washington Observatory; North Conway New Hampshire USA
| | - R. J. Griffin
- Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, Climate Change Research Center; University of New Hampshire; Durham New Hampshire USA
- Department of Earth Sciences; University of New Hampshire; Durham New Hampshire USA
| | - R. W. Talbot
- Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, Climate Change Research Center; University of New Hampshire; Durham New Hampshire USA
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32
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Fan J, Zhang R, Li G, Tao WK, Li X. Simulations of cumulus clouds using a spectral microphysics cloud-resolving model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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33
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Fehsenfeld FC, Ancellet G, Bates TS, Goldstein AH, Hardesty RM, Honrath R, Law KS, Lewis AC, Leaitch R, McKeen S, Meagher J, Parrish DD, Pszenny AAP, Russell PB, Schlager H, Seinfeld J, Talbot R, Zbinden R. International Consortium for Atmospheric Research on Transport and Transformation (ICARTT): North America to Europe-Overview of the 2004 summer field study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - G. Ancellet
- Service d'Aéronomie du Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique; Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Paris France
| | - T. S. Bates
- Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory; NOAA; Seattle Washington USA
| | - A. H. Goldstein
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management; University of California; Berkeley California USA
| | - R. M. Hardesty
- Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - R. Honrath
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Michigan Technological University; Houghton Michigan USA
| | - K. S. Law
- Service d'Aéronomie du Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique; Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Paris France
| | - A. C. Lewis
- Department of Chemistry; University of York; York UK
| | - R. Leaitch
- Science and Technology Branch; Environment Canada; Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - S. McKeen
- Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. Meagher
- Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. D. Parrish
- Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - A. A. P. Pszenny
- Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space; University of New Hampshire; Durham New Hampshire USA
| | - P. B. Russell
- NASA Ames Research Center; Moffett Field California USA
| | - H. Schlager
- Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt; Oberpfaffenhofen, Wessling Germany
| | - J. Seinfeld
- Departments of Environmental Science and Engineering and Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - R. Talbot
- Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space; University of New Hampshire; Durham New Hampshire USA
| | - R. Zbinden
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées; UMR 5560, Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique/Université Paul Sabatier; Toulouse France
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34
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Sierau B, Covert DS, Coffman DJ, Quinn PK, Bates TS. Aerosol optical properties during the 2004 New England Air Quality Study-Intercontinental Transport and Chemical Transformation: Gulf of Maine surface measurements-Regional and case studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Berko Sierau
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle Washington USA
| | - David S. Covert
- Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean; University of Washington; Seattle Washington USA
| | - Derek J. Coffman
- Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory; NOAA; Seattle Washington USA
| | - Patricia K. Quinn
- Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory; NOAA; Seattle Washington USA
| | - Timothy S. Bates
- Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory; NOAA; Seattle Washington USA
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Fast JD, Gustafson WI, Easter RC, Zaveri RA, Barnard JC, Chapman EG, Grell GA, Peckham SE. Evolution of ozone, particulates, and aerosol direct radiative forcing in the vicinity of Houston using a fully coupled meteorology-chemistry-aerosol model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 708] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Neuman JA, Parrish DD, Trainer M, Ryerson TB, Holloway JS, Nowak JB, Swanson A, Flocke F, Roberts JM, Brown SS, Stark H, Sommariva R, Stohl A, Peltier R, Weber R, Wollny AG, Sueper DT, Hubler G, Fehsenfeld FC. Reactive nitrogen transport and photochemistry in urban plumes over the North Atlantic Ocean. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd007010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. A. Neuman
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. D. Parrish
- Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - M. Trainer
- Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - T. B. Ryerson
- Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. S. Holloway
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. B. Nowak
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - A. Swanson
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - F. Flocke
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. M. Roberts
- Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - S. S. Brown
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - H. Stark
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - R. Sommariva
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - A. Stohl
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research; Kjeller Norway
| | - R. Peltier
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - R. Weber
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - A. G. Wollny
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. T. Sueper
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - G. Hubler
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - F. C. Fehsenfeld
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
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37
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Brown SS, Osthoff HD, Stark H, Dubé WP, Ryerson TB, Warneke C, de Gouw JA, Wollny AG, Parrish DD, Fehsenfeld FC, Ravishankara A. Aircraft observations of daytime NO3 and N2O5 and their implications for tropospheric chemistry. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2005.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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38
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Cluster Analysis of Surface Winds in Houston, Texas, and the Impact of Wind Patterns on Ozone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1175/jam2320.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The city of Houston, Texas, is near a complex coastline and numerous petrochemical plants, the combination of which plays a large role in Houston’s air pollution events. It has long been known that the thermally driven afternoon onshore flow (sea breeze or gulf breeze) transports ozone-rich air inland. As a way of quantifying the role of the gulf breeze in Houston’s high-ozone events, cluster analysis of hourly averaged surface winds from a regional network of meteorological sensors was performed for 27 summer days of 2000, with the dates coinciding with the Texas Air Quality Study 2000 (TexAQS 2000). Hourly averaged winds were partitioned into 16 independent clusters, or wind patterns, while simultaneously keeping track of the maximum ozone in the network for each hour. Clusters emerged that represented various wind patterns, including thermally driven flows, stagnant winds, and a thunderstorm outflow. All clusters were used to assess which wind patterns were most likely to be coincident with the maximum ozone of the day. High ozone was most likely to occur with clusters representing the gulf breeze. Clusters occurring before the ozone maximum of the day were analyzed to determine which sequences of wind patterns were most likely to precede high ozone. A transition from offshore flow to onshore flow, with at least 1 h of stagnant winds in between, routinely occurred in the 6 h preceding ozone measurements reaching ≥ 120 parts per billion by volume (ppbv). On nontransition days with high ozone, ozone maxima ≥ 120 ppbv often occurred the hour after a wind direction shift of greater than about 45°.
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39
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Russell M. Predicting secondary organic aerosol formation rates in southeast Texas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd004722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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40
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Chen G. An investigation of the chemistry of ship emission plumes during ITCT 2002. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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41
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Karl T. Senescing grass crops as regional sources of reactive volatile organic compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd005777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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42
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Neuman JA, Parrish DD, Ryerson TB, Brock CA, Wiedinmyer C, Frost GJ, Holloway JS, Fehsenfeld FC. Nitric acid loss rates measured in power plant plumes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. A. Neuman
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
- Aeronomy Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | | | | | - C. A. Brock
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
- Aeronomy Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - C. Wiedinmyer
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - G. J. Frost
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
- Aeronomy Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. S. Holloway
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
- Aeronomy Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - F. C. Fehsenfeld
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
- Aeronomy Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
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43
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Parrish DD, Kondo Y, Cooper OR, Brock CA, Jaffe DA, Trainer M, Ogawa T, Hübler G, Fehsenfeld FC. Intercontinental Transport and Chemical Transformation 2002 (ITCT 2K2) and Pacific Exploration of Asian Continental Emission (PEACE) experiments: An overview of the 2002 winter and spring intensives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd004980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. D. Parrish
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Y. Kondo
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - O. R. Cooper
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - C. A. Brock
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. A. Jaffe
- Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences; University of Washington-Bothell; Washington USA
| | - M. Trainer
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - T. Ogawa
- Earth Observation Research and Application Center; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency; Tokyo Japan
| | - G. Hübler
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - F. C. Fehsenfeld
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
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44
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Brock CA, Hudson PK, Lovejoy ER, Sullivan A, Nowak JB, Huey LG, Cooper OR, Cziczo DJ, de Gouw J, Fehsenfeld FC, Holloway JS, Hübler G, Lafleur BG, Murphy DM, Neuman JA, Nicks DK, Orsini DA, Parrish DD, Ryerson TB, Tanner DJ, Warneke C, Weber RJ, Wilson JC. Particle characteristics following cloud-modified transport from Asia to North America. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd004198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles A. Brock
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; Boulder Colorado USA
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Paula K. Hudson
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; Boulder Colorado USA
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | | | - Amy Sullivan
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - John B. Nowak
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; Boulder Colorado USA
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - L. Gregory Huey
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - Owen R. Cooper
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; Boulder Colorado USA
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Daniel J. Cziczo
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; Boulder Colorado USA
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Joost de Gouw
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; Boulder Colorado USA
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Fred C. Fehsenfeld
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; Boulder Colorado USA
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - John S. Holloway
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; Boulder Colorado USA
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Gerhard Hübler
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; Boulder Colorado USA
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | | | | | - J. Andrew Neuman
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; Boulder Colorado USA
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Dennis K. Nicks
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; Boulder Colorado USA
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Douglas A. Orsini
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | | | | | - David J. Tanner
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - Carsten Warneke
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; Boulder Colorado USA
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Rodney J. Weber
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - James C. Wilson
- Department of Engineering; University of Denver; Denver Colorado USA
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45
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Cooper OR, Forster C, Parrish D, Trainer M, Dunlea E, Ryerson T, Hübler G, Fehsenfeld F, Nicks D, Holloway J, de Gouw J, Warneke C, Roberts JM, Flocke F, Moody J. A case study of transpacific warm conveyor belt transport: Influence of merging airstreams on trace gas import to North America. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. R. Cooper
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - C. Forster
- Department of Ecology; Technical University of Munich; Freising-Weihenstephan Germany
| | - D. Parrish
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - M. Trainer
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - E. Dunlea
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - T. Ryerson
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - G. Hübler
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | | | - D. Nicks
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. Holloway
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. de Gouw
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - C. Warneke
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. M. Roberts
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
- NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - F. Flocke
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. Moody
- Department of Environmental Sciences; University of Virginia; Charlottesville Virginia USA
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46
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Ervens B. A modeling study of aqueous production of dicarboxylic acids: 2. Implications for cloud microphysics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd004575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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47
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48
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Buzorius G. Secondary aerosol formation in continental outflow conditions during ACE-Asia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd004749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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49
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Weber RJ, Lee S, Chen G, Wang B, Kapustin V, Moore K, Clarke AD, Mauldin L, Kosciuch E, Cantrell C, Eisele F, Thornton DC, Bandy AR, Sachse GW, Fuelberg HE. New particle formation in anthropogenic plumes advecting from Asia observed during TRACE-P. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd003112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. J. Weber
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - S. Lee
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - G. Chen
- NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - B. Wang
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - V. Kapustin
- Department of Oceanography; University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu Hawaii USA
| | - K. Moore
- Department of Oceanography; University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu Hawaii USA
| | - A. D. Clarke
- Department of Oceanography; University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu Hawaii USA
| | - L. Mauldin
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - E. Kosciuch
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - C. Cantrell
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - F. Eisele
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. C. Thornton
- Department of Chemistry; Drexel University; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - A. R. Bandy
- Department of Chemistry; Drexel University; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - G. W. Sachse
- NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - H. E. Fuelberg
- Department of Meteorology; Florida State University; Tallahassee Florida USA
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50
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Wert BP, Trainer M, Fried A, Ryerson TB, Henry B, Potter W, Angevine WM, Atlas E, Donnelly SG, Fehsenfeld FC, Frost GJ, Goldan PD, Hansel A, Holloway JS, Hubler G, Kuster WC, Nicks DK, Neuman JA, Parrish DD, Schauffler S, Stutz J, Sueper DT, Wiedinmyer C, Wisthaler A. Signatures of terminal alkene oxidation in airborne formaldehyde measurements during TexAQS 2000. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. P. Wert
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - M. Trainer
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - A. Fried
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - T. B. Ryerson
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - B. Henry
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - W. Potter
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - W. M. Angevine
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - E. Atlas
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - S. G. Donnelly
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - F. C. Fehsenfeld
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - G. J. Frost
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - P. D. Goldan
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - A. Hansel
- Institute for Ionphysics; University of Innsbruck; Innsbruck Austria
| | - J. S. Holloway
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - G. Hubler
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - W. C. Kuster
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. K. Nicks
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. A. Neuman
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. D. Parrish
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - S. Schauffler
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. Stutz
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles California USA
| | - D. T. Sueper
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - C. Wiedinmyer
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - A. Wisthaler
- Institute for Ionphysics; University of Innsbruck; Innsbruck Austria
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