1
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Lv HB, Wu QY, Zhang YJ, Quan SW, Ma N, Dai YQ, Sun Y. Study on the expression and prognostic relationship of MYL6B in liver cancer based on bioinformatics. World J Clin Oncol 2024; 15:1188-1197. [DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v15.i9.1188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary liver cancer is a prevalent and deadly cancer type. Despite treatment advances, prognosis remains poor, with high recurrence rates. Early detection is crucial but challenging due to the disease’s insidious nature. Myosin proteins play significant roles in cancer development, influencing cell migration, invasion, and tumor suppression. MYL6B, a myosin light chain, is involved in various cellular processes and has been associated with poor prognosis in colorectal adenocarcinoma and potential as a biomarker in breast cancer.
AIM To investigate the expression of MYL6B in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) and its impact on prognosis and potential mechanisms of action using bioinformatics methods.
METHODS The expression of MYL6B in pan-cancer and normal tissues was analyzed using the gene expression profiling interactive analysis 2 and tumor immune estimation resource databases. The expression level of MYL6B in LIHC tissues and its relationship with prognosis were analyzed, immunohistochemical analysis of MYL6B and its effect on immune cell infiltration, and the protein network were further studied.
RESULTS MYL6B was highly expressed in diffuse large b-cell lymphoma, LIHC, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, skin cutaneous melanoma, thymoma, uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma, uterine carcinosarcoma, and lowly expressed in kidney chromophobe, acute myeloid leukemia, testicular germ cell tumors. The expression level of MYL6B was significantly different between cancer and normal tissues. It had a significant impact on both overall survival and disease-free survival. MYL6B is highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma and its expression level increases with cancer progression. High MYL6B expression is associated with poor prognosis in terms of overall survival and recurrence-free survival. The immunohistochemical level of MYL6B is high in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues, and MYL6B has a high level of immune infiltration inflammation. In protein network analysis, MYL6B is correlated with MYL2, MYL6, MYL9, MYLK4, MYLK2, MYL12A, MYL12B, MYH11, MYH9 and MYH10.
CONCLUSION The expression level of MYL6B in LIHC was significantly higher than in normal liver tissues, and it was correlated with the degree of differentiation survival rate, and immune infiltration. MYL6B is a potential target for LIHC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Bing Lv
- Department of General Surgery, Beidahuang Group General Hospital, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Qing-Yun Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Xianning Central Hospital, Xianning 437000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yu-Jiao Zhang
- Department of Medical oncology, Beidahuang Group General Hospital, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Sheng-Wei Quan
- Department of General Surgery, Beidahuang Group General Hospital, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing 163000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yu-Qing Dai
- College of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233000, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China
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2
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Feroz W, Park BS, Siripurapu M, Ntim N, Kilroy MK, Sheikh AMA, Mishra R, Garrett JT. Non-Muscle Myosin II A: Friend or Foe in Cancer? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9435. [PMID: 39273383 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-muscle myosin IIA (NM IIA) is a motor protein that belongs to the myosin II family. The myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) gene encodes the heavy chain of NM IIA. NM IIA is a hexamer and contains three pairs of peptides, which include the dimer of heavy chains, essential light chains, and regulatory light chains. NM IIA is a part of the actomyosin complex that generates mechanical force and tension to carry out essential cellular functions, including adhesion, cytokinesis, migration, and the maintenance of cell shape and polarity. These functions are regulated via light and heavy chain phosphorylation at different amino acid residues. Apart from physiological functions, NM IIA is also linked to the development of cancer and genetic and neurological disorders. MYH9 gene mutations result in the development of several autosomal dominant disorders, such as May-Hegglin anomaly (MHA) and Epstein syndrome (EPS). Multiple studies have reported NM IIA as a tumor suppressor in melanoma and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; however, studies also indicate that NM IIA is a critical player in promoting tumorigenesis, chemoradiotherapy resistance, and stemness. The ROCK-NM IIA pathway regulates cellular movement and shape via the control of cytoskeletal dynamics. In addition, the ROCK-NM IIA pathway is dysregulated in various solid tumors and leukemia. Currently, there are very few compounds targeting NM IIA, and most of these compounds are still being studied in preclinical models. This review provides comprehensive evidence highlighting the dual role of NM IIA in multiple cancer types and summarizes the signaling networks involved in tumorigenesis. Furthermore, we also discuss the role of NM IIA as a potential therapeutic target with a focus on the ROCK-NM IIA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Feroz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Briley SoYoung Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Cancer Research Scholars Program, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Meghna Siripurapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Nicole Ntim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Mary Kate Kilroy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | | | - Rosalin Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Joan T Garrett
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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3
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Moon DO. Advancing Cancer Therapy: The Role of KIF20A as a Target for Inhibitor Development and Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2958. [PMID: 39272816 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16172958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Revised: 08/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The analysis begins with a detailed examination of the gene expression and protein structure of KIF20A, highlighting its interaction with critical cellular components that influence key processes such as Golgi membrane transport and mitotic spindle assembly. The primary focus is on the development of specific KIF20A inhibitors, detailing their roles and the challenges encountered in enhancing their efficacy, such as achieving specificity, overcoming tumor resistance, and optimizing delivery systems. Additionally, it delves into the prognostic value of KIF20A across multiple cancer types, emphasizing its role as a novel tumor-associated antigen, which lays the groundwork for the development of targeted peptide vaccines. The therapeutic efficacy of these vaccines as demonstrated in recent clinical trials is discussed. Future directions are proposed, including the integration of precision medicine strategies to personalize treatments and the use of combination therapies to improve outcomes. By concentrating on the significant potential of KIF20A as both a direct target for inhibitors and an antigen in cancer vaccines, this review sets a foundation for future research aimed at harnessing KIF20A for effective cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Oh Moon
- Department of Biology Education, Daegu University, 201, Daegudae-ro, Gyeongsan-si 38453, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
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4
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Weijman JF, Vuolo L, Shak C, Pugnetti A, Mukhopadhyay AG, Hodgson LR, Heesom KJ, Roberts AJ, Stephens DJ. Roles for CEP170 in cilia function and dynein-2 assembly. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261816. [PMID: 38533689 PMCID: PMC11112123 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are essential eukaryotic organelles required for signalling and secretion. Dynein-2 is a microtubule-motor protein complex and is required for ciliogenesis via its role in facilitating retrograde intraflagellar transport (IFT) from the cilia tip to the cell body. Dynein-2 must be assembled and loaded onto IFT trains for entry into cilia for this process to occur, but how dynein-2 is assembled and how it is recycled back into a cilium remain poorly understood. Here, we identify centrosomal protein of 170 kDa (CEP170) as a dynein-2-interacting protein in mammalian cells. We show that loss of CEP170 perturbs intraflagellar transport and hedgehog signalling, and alters the stability of dynein-2 holoenzyme complex. Together, our data indicate a role for CEP170 in supporting cilia function and dynein-2 assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes F. Weijman
- Cell Biology Laboratories, School of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Laura Vuolo
- Cell Biology Laboratories, School of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Caroline Shak
- Cell Biology Laboratories, School of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Anna Pugnetti
- Cell Biology Laboratories, School of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | | | - Lorna R. Hodgson
- Wolfson Bioimaging Facility, Faculty of Life Sciences, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Kate J. Heesom
- Proteomics Facility, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Anthony J. Roberts
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - David J. Stephens
- Cell Biology Laboratories, School of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
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5
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Park S, Dahn R, Kurt E, Presle A, VanDenHeuvel K, Moravec C, Jambhekar A, Olukoga O, Shepherd J, Echard A, Blower M, Skop AR. The mammalian midbody and midbody remnant are assembly sites for RNA and localized translation. Dev Cell 2023; 58:1917-1932.e6. [PMID: 37552987 PMCID: PMC10592306 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Long ignored as a vestigial remnant of cytokinesis, the mammalian midbody (MB) is released post-abscission inside large extracellular vesicles called MB remnants (MBRs). Recent evidence suggests that MBRs can modulate cell proliferation and cell fate decisions. Here, we demonstrate that the MB matrix is the site of ribonucleoprotein assembly and is enriched in mRNAs that encode proteins involved in cell fate, oncogenesis, and pluripotency, which we are calling the MB granule. Both MBs and post-abscission MBRs are sites of spatiotemporally regulated translation, which is initiated when nascent daughter cells re-enter G1 and continues after extracellular release. MKLP1 and ARC are necessary for the localization and translation of RNA in the MB dark zone, whereas ESCRT-III is necessary to maintain translation levels in the MB. Our work reveals a unique translation event that occurs during abscission and within a large extracellular vesicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin Park
- Laboratory of Genetics and Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Randall Dahn
- Laboratory of Genetics and Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Elif Kurt
- Laboratory of Genetics and Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Adrien Presle
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR3691, Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Unit, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège doctoral, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Kathryn VanDenHeuvel
- Laboratory of Genetics and Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Cara Moravec
- Laboratory of Genetics and Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Olushola Olukoga
- Laboratory of Genetics and Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jason Shepherd
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Arnaud Echard
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR3691, Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Unit, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Michael Blower
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ahna R Skop
- Laboratory of Genetics and Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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6
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Vitriol EA, Quintanilla MA, Tidei JJ, Troughton LD, Cody A, Cisterna BA, Jane ML, Oakes PW, Beach JR. Nonmuscle myosin 2 filaments are processive in cells. Biophys J 2023; 122:3678-3689. [PMID: 37218133 PMCID: PMC10541485 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Directed transport of cellular components is often dependent on the processive movements of cytoskeletal motors. Myosin 2 motors predominantly engage actin filaments of opposing orientation to drive contractile events and are therefore not traditionally viewed as processive. However, recent in vitro experiments with purified nonmuscle myosin 2 (NM2) demonstrated myosin 2 filaments could move processively. Here, we establish processivity as a cellular property of NM2. Processive runs in central nervous system-derived CAD cells are most apparent on bundled actin in protrusions that terminate at the leading edge. We find that processive velocities in vivo are consistent with in vitro measurements. NM2 makes these processive runs in its filamentous form against lamellipodia retrograde flow, though anterograde movement can still occur in the absence of actin dynamics. Comparing the processivity of NM2 isoforms, we find that NM2A moves slightly faster than NM2B. Finally, we demonstrate that this is not a cell-specific property, as we observe processive-like movements of NM2 in the lamella and subnuclear stress fibers of fibroblasts. Collectively, these observations further broaden NM2 functionality and the biological processes in which the already ubiquitous motor can contribute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Vitriol
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.
| | - Melissa A Quintanilla
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Joseph J Tidei
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Lee D Troughton
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Abigail Cody
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Bruno A Cisterna
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Makenzie L Jane
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Patrick W Oakes
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois.
| | - Jordan R Beach
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois.
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7
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Guan C, Hua S, Jiang K. The CEP170B-KIF2A complex destabilizes microtubule minus ends to generate polarized microtubule network. EMBO J 2023; 42:e112953. [PMID: 37014312 PMCID: PMC10233374 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubule (MT) minus ends are stabilized by CAMSAP family proteins at noncentrosomal MT-organizing centers. Despite progress in identifying diverse positive regulators, knowledge on the negative regulation of the MT minus-end distribution is lacking. Here, we identify CEP170B as a MT minus-end-binding protein that colocalizes with the microtubule-stabilizing complex at the cortical patches. CEP170B depends on the scaffold protein liprin-α1 for its cortical targeting and requires liprin-α1-bound PP2A phosphatase for its MT localization. CEP170B excludes CAMSAPs-stabilized MT minus ends from the cell periphery in HeLa cells and the basal cortex in human epithelial cells and is required for directional vesicle trafficking and cyst formation in 3D culture. Reconstitution experiments demonstrate that CEP170B autonomously tracks growing MT minus ends and blocks minus-end growth. Furthermore, CEP170B in a complex with the kinesin KIF2A acts as a potent MT minus-end depolymerase capable of antagonizing the stabilizing effect of CAMSAPs. Our study uncovers an antagonistic mechanism for controlling the spatial distribution of MT minus ends, which contributes to the establishment of polarized MT network and cell polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuirong Guan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Medical Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and MetabolismWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Shasha Hua
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Medical Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and MetabolismWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Kai Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Medical Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and MetabolismWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
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8
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Vitriol EA, Quintanilla MA, Tidei JJ, Troughton LD, Cody A, Cisterna BA, Jane ML, Oakes PW, Beach JR. Non-muscle myosin 2 filaments are processive in cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.24.529920. [PMID: 36865321 PMCID: PMC9980172 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.24.529920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Directed transport of cellular components is often dependent on the processive movements of cytoskeletal motors. Myosin 2 motors predominantly engage actin filaments of opposing orientation to drive contractile events, and are therefore not traditionally viewed as processive. However, recent in vitro experiments with purified non-muscle myosin 2 (NM2) demonstrated myosin 2 filaments could move processively. Here, we establish processivity as a cellular property of NM2. Processive runs in central nervous system-derived CAD cells are most apparent as processive movements on bundled actin in protrusions that terminate at the leading edge. We find that processive velocities in vivo are consistent with in vitro measurements. NM2 makes these processive runs in its filamentous form against lamellipodia retrograde flow, though anterograde movement can still occur in the absence of actin dynamics. Comparing the processivity of NM2 isoforms, we find that NM2A moves slightly faster than NM2B. Finally, we demonstrate that this is not a cell-specific property, as we observe processive-like movements of NM2 in the lamella and subnuclear stress fibers of fibroblasts. Collectively, these observations further broaden NM2 functionality and the biological processes in which the already ubiquitous motor can contribute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Vitriol
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Melissa A Quintanilla
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL
| | - Joseph J Tidei
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL
| | - Lee D Troughton
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL
| | - Abigail Cody
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL
| | - Bruno A Cisterna
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Makenzie L Jane
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Patrick W Oakes
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL
| | - Jordan R Beach
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL
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9
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Rajan S, Terman JR, Reisler E. MICAL-mediated oxidation of actin and its effects on cytoskeletal and cellular dynamics. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1124202. [PMID: 36875759 PMCID: PMC9982024 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1124202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Actin and its dynamic structural remodelings are involved in multiple cellular functions, including maintaining cell shape and integrity, cytokinesis, motility, navigation, and muscle contraction. Many actin-binding proteins regulate the cytoskeleton to facilitate these functions. Recently, actin's post-translational modifications (PTMs) and their importance to actin functions have gained increasing recognition. The MICAL family of proteins has emerged as important actin regulatory oxidation-reduction (Redox) enzymes, influencing actin's properties both in vitro and in vivo. MICALs specifically bind to actin filaments and selectively oxidize actin's methionine residues 44 and 47, which perturbs filaments' structure and leads to their disassembly. This review provides an overview of the MICALs and the impact of MICAL-mediated oxidation on actin's properties, including its assembly and disassembly, effects on other actin-binding proteins, and on cells and tissue systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeepa Rajan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jonathan R. Terman
- Departments of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Emil Reisler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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10
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Loddo M, Hardisty KM, Llewelyn A, Haddow T, Thatcher R, Williams G. Utilisation of semiconductor sequencing for detection of actionable fusions in solid tumours. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0246778. [PMID: 35984852 PMCID: PMC9390944 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic fusions represent compelling druggable targets in solid tumours highlighted by the recent site agnostic FDA approval of larotrectinib for NTRK rearrangements. However screening for fusions in routinely processed tissue samples is constrained due to degradation of nucleic acid as a result of formalin fixation., To investigate the clinical utility of semiconductor sequencing optimised for detection of actionable fusion transcripts in formalin fixed samples, we have undertaken an analysis of test trending data generated by a clinically validated next generation sequencing platform designed to capture 867 of the most clinically relevant druggable driver-partner oncogenic fusions. Here we show across a real-life cohort of 1112 patients with solid tumours that actionable fusions occur at high frequency (7.4%) with linkage to a wide range of targeted therapy protocols including seven fusion-drug matches with FDA/EMA approval and/or NCCN/ESMO recommendations and 80 clinical trials. The more prevalent actionable fusions identified were independent of tumour type in keeping with signalling via evolutionary conserved RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK, PI3K/AKT/MTOR, PLCy/PKC and JAK/STAT pathways. Taken together our data indicates that semiconductor sequencing for detection of actionable fusions can be integrated into routine diagnostic pathology workflows enabling the identification of personalised treatment options that have potential to improve clinical cancer management across many tumour types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Loddo
- Oncologica UK Ltd, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (ML); (GW)
| | | | | | | | | | - Gareth Williams
- Oncologica UK Ltd, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (ML); (GW)
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11
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Weißenbruch K, Fladung M, Grewe J, Baulesch L, Schwarz US, Bastmeyer M. Nonmuscle myosin IIA dynamically guides regulatory light chain phosphorylation and assembly of nonmuscle myosin IIB. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151213. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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12
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Ma D, Wang F, Wang R, Hu Y, Chen Z, Huang N, Tian Y, Xia Y, Teng J, Chen J. α-/γ-Taxilin are required for centriolar subdistal appendage assembly and microtubule organization. eLife 2022; 11:73252. [PMID: 35119360 PMCID: PMC8816381 DOI: 10.7554/elife.73252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The centrosome composed of a pair of centrioles (mother and daughter) and pericentriolar material, and is mainly responsible for microtubule nucleation and anchorage in animal cells. The subdistal appendage (SDA) is a centriolar structure located at the mother centriole’s subdistal region, and it functions in microtubule anchorage. However, the molecular composition and detailed structure of the SDA remain largely unknown. Here, we identified α-taxilin and γ-taxilin as new SDA components that form a complex via their coiled-coil domains and that serve as a new subgroup during SDA hierarchical assembly. The taxilins’ SDA localization is dependent on ODF2, and α-taxilin recruits CEP170 to the SDA. Functional analyses suggest that α- and γ-taxilin are responsible for SDA structural integrity and centrosomal microtubule anchorage during interphase and for proper spindle orientation during metaphase. Our results shed light on the molecular components and functional understanding of the SDA hierarchical assembly and microtubule organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fulin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Rongyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingchun Hu
- Core Facilities College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiquan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yonglu Tian
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqing Xia
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Junlin Teng
- Core Facilities College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianguo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
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13
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Pichon X, Moissoglu K, Coleno E, Wang T, Imbert A, Robert MC, Peter M, Chouaib R, Walter T, Mueller F, Zibara K, Bertrand E, Mili S. The kinesin KIF1C transports APC-dependent mRNAs to cell protrusions. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 27:1528-1544. [PMID: 34493599 PMCID: PMC8594469 DOI: 10.1261/rna.078576.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
RNA localization and local translation are important for numerous cellular functions. In mammals, a class of mRNAs localize to cytoplasmic protrusions in an APC-dependent manner, with roles during cell migration. Here, we investigated this localization mechanism. We found that the KIF1C motor interacts with APC-dependent mRNAs and is required for their localization. Live cell imaging revealed rapid, active transport of single mRNAs over long distances that requires both microtubules and KIF1C. Two-color imaging directly revealed single mRNAs transported by single KIF1C motors, with the 3'UTR being sufficient to trigger KIF1C-dependent RNA transport and localization. Moreover, KIF1C remained associated with peripheral, multimeric RNA clusters and was required for their formation. These results reveal a widespread RNA transport pathway in mammalian cells, in which the KIF1C motor has a dual role in transporting RNAs and clustering them within cytoplasmic protrusions. Interestingly, KIF1C also transports its own mRNA, suggesting a possible feedback loop acting at the level of mRNA transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Pichon
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, 34293 Montpellier, France
- Equipe labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, University of Montpellier, CNRS, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Konstadinos Moissoglu
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
| | - Emeline Coleno
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, 34293 Montpellier, France
- Equipe labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, University of Montpellier, CNRS, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, University of Montpellier, CNRS, 34396 Montpellier, France
| | - Tianhong Wang
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
| | - Arthur Imbert
- MINES ParisTech, PSL-Research University, CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, 77300 Fontainebleau, France
- Institut Curie, 75248 Paris Cedex, France
- INSERM, U900, 75248 Paris Cedex, France
| | - Marie-Cécile Robert
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, 34293 Montpellier, France
- Equipe labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, University of Montpellier, CNRS, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, University of Montpellier, CNRS, 34396 Montpellier, France
| | - Marion Peter
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, 34293 Montpellier, France
- Equipe labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, University of Montpellier, CNRS, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Racha Chouaib
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, 34293 Montpellier, France
- Equipe labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, University of Montpellier, CNRS, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Thomas Walter
- MINES ParisTech, PSL-Research University, CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, 77300 Fontainebleau, France
- Institut Curie, 75248 Paris Cedex, France
- INSERM, U900, 75248 Paris Cedex, France
| | - Florian Mueller
- Unité Imagerie et Modélisation, Institut Pasteur and CNRS UMR 3691, 75015 Paris, France
- C3BI, USR 3756 IP CNRS - Paris, France
| | - Kazem Zibara
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- ER045, PRASE, DSST, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Edouard Bertrand
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, 34293 Montpellier, France
- Equipe labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, University of Montpellier, CNRS, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, University of Montpellier, CNRS, 34396 Montpellier, France
| | - Stavroula Mili
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
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14
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Guardia CM, Jain A, Mattera R, Friefeld A, Li Y, Bonifacino JS. RUSC2 and WDR47 oppositely regulate kinesin-1-dependent distribution of ATG9A to the cell periphery. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:ar25. [PMID: 34432492 PMCID: PMC8693955 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e21-06-0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy-related protein 9 (ATG9) is a transmembrane protein component of the autophagy machinery that cycles between the trans-Golgi network (TGN) in the perinuclear area and other compartments in the peripheral area of the cell. In mammalian cells, export of the ATG9A isoform from the TGN into ATG9A-containing vesicles is mediated by the adaptor protein 4 (AP-4) complex. However, the mechanisms responsible for the subsequent distribution of these vesicles to the cell periphery are unclear. Herein we show that the AP-4-accessory protein RUSC2 couples ATG9A-containing vesicles to the plus-end-directed microtubule motor kinesin-1 via an interaction between a disordered region of RUSC2 and the kinesin-1 light chain. This interaction is counteracted by the microtubule-associated protein WDR47. These findings uncover a mechanism for the peripheral distribution of ATG9A-containing vesicles involving the function of RUSC2 as a kinesin-1 adaptor and WDR47 as a negative regulator of this function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M. Guardia
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
| | - Akansha Jain
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
| | - Rafael Mattera
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
| | - Alex Friefeld
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
| | - Yan Li
- Proteomics Core Facility, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Juan S. Bonifacino
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
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15
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Tang X, Guo M, Ding P, Deng Z, Ke M, Yuan Y, Zhou Y, Lin Z, Li M, Gu C, Gu X, Yang Y. BUB1B and circBUB1B_544aa aggravate multiple myeloma malignancy through evoking chromosomal instability. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:361. [PMID: 34620840 PMCID: PMC8497505 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00746-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell malignancy in the bone marrow characterized by chromosome instability (CIN), which contributes to the acquisition of heterogeneity, along with MM progression, drug resistance, and relapse. In this study, we elucidated that the expression of BUB1B increased strikingly in MM patients and was closely correlated with poor outcomes. Overexpression of BUB1B facilitated cellular proliferation and induced drug resistance in vitro and in vivo, while genetic targeting BUB1B abrogated this effect. Mechanistic studies unveiled that enforced expression of BUB1B evoked CIN resulting in MM poor outcomes mainly through phosphorylating CEP170. Interestingly, we discovered the existence of circBUB1B_544aa containing the kinase catalytic center of BUB1B, which was translated by a circular RNA of BUB1B. The circBUB1B_544aa elevated in MM peripheral blood samples was closely associated with MM poor outcomes and played a synergistic effect with BUB1B on evoking CIN. In addition, MM cells could secrete circBUB1B_544aa and interfere the MM microenvironmental cells in the same manner as BUB1B full-length protein. Intriguingly, BUB1B siRNA, targeting the kinase catalytic center of both BUB1B and circBUB1B_544aa, significantly inhibited MM malignancy in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, BUB1B and circBUB1B_544aa are promising prognostic and therapeutic targets of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhu Tang
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengjie Guo
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Pinggang Ding
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhendong Deng
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengying Ke
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxia Yuan
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanyan Zhou
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zigen Lin
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Muxi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunyan Gu
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiaosong Gu
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Ye Yang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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16
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Zhu J, Tang B, Gao Y, Xu S, Tu J, Wang Y, Yang W, Fang S, Weng Q, Zhao Z, Xu M, Yang Y, Chen M, Lu C, Ji J. Predictive Models for HCC Prognosis, Recurrence Risk, and Immune Infiltration Based on Two Exosomal Genes: MYL6B and THOC2. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:4089-4109. [PMID: 34466015 PMCID: PMC8403029 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s315957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a heterogeneous molecular disease with complex molecular pathogenesis that influences the efficacy of therapies. Exosomes play a crucial role in tumorigenesis and poor disease outcomes in HCC. Objective The aim of this study was to identify the optimal gene set derived from exosomes in HCC with substantial predictive value to construct models for determining prognosis, recurrence risk and diagnosis and to identify candidates suitable for immunotherapy and chemotherapy, thereby providing new ideas for the individualized treatment of patients and for improving prognosis. Methods Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) and univariate and multivariate Cox PH regression analyses were applied to identify exosome-related signatures in the TCGA and exoRbase databases associated with clinical relevance, immunogenic features and tumor progression in HCC. Cell experiments were performed to further confirm the oncogenic effect of MYL6B and THOC2. Results The models for prognosis and recurrence risk prediction were built based on two exosomal genes (MYL6B and THOC2) and were confirmed to be independent predictive factors with superior predictive performance. Patients with high prognostic risk had poorer prognosis than patients with low prognostic risk in all HCC datasets, namely, the TCGA cohort (HR=2.5, P<0.001), the ICGC cohort (HR=3.15, P<0.001) and the GSE14520 cohort (HR=1.85, P=0.004). A higher recurrence probability was found in HCC patients with high recurrence risk than in HCC patients with low recurrence risk in the TCGA cohort (HR=2.44, P<0.001) and the GSE14520 cohort (HR=1.54, P=0.025). High prognostic risk patients had higher expression of immune checkpoint genes, such as PD1, B7H3, B7H5, CTLA4 and TIM3 (P<0.05). Diagnostic models based on the same two genes were able to accurately distinguish HCC patients from normal individuals and HCC from dysplastic nodules. Conclusion Our findings lay the foundation for identifying molecular markers to increase the early detection rate of HCC, improve disease outcomes, and determine more effective individualized treatment options for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - Bufu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China
| | - Suqin Xu
- Clinical Laboratory, Fuyuan Hospital of Yiwu, Jinhua, 321000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfei Tu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiji Fang
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoyou Weng
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Xu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China
| | - Minjiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenying Lu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiansong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China
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17
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Tay A, Melosh N. Mechanical Stimulation after Centrifuge-Free Nano-Electroporative Transfection Is Efficient and Maintains Long-Term T Cell Functionalities. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2103198. [PMID: 34396686 PMCID: PMC8475193 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Transfection is an essential step in genetic engineering and cell therapies. While a number of non-viral micro- and nano-technologies have been developed to deliver DNA plasmids into the cell cytoplasm, one of the most challenging and least efficient steps is DNA transport to and expression in the nucleus. Here, the magnetic nano-electro-injection (MagNEI) platform is described which makes use of oscillatory mechanical stimulation after cytoplasmic delivery with high aspect-ratio nano-structures to achieve stable (>2 weeks) net transfection efficiency (efficiency × viability) of 50% in primary human T cells. This is, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the highest net efficiency reported for primary T cells using a centrifuge-free, non-viral transfection method, in the absence of cell selection, and with a clinically relevant cargo size (>12 kbp). Wireless mechanical stimulation downregulates the expression of microtubule motor protein gene, KIF2A, which increases local DNA concentration near the nuclei, resulting in enhanced DNA transfection. Magnetic forces also accelerate membrane repair by promoting actin cytoskeletal remodeling which preserves key biological attributes including cell proliferation and gene expressions. These results demonstrate MagNEI as a powerful non-viral transfection technique for progress toward fully closed, end-to-end T cell manufacturing with less human labor, lower production cost, and shorter delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Tay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583
- Institute of Health Innovation & Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599
| | - Nicholas Melosh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
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18
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Presle A, Frémont S, Salles A, Commere PH, Sassoon N, Berlioz-Torrent C, Gupta-Rossi N, Echard A. The viral restriction factor tetherin/BST2 tethers cytokinetic midbody remnants to the cell surface. Curr Biol 2021; 31:2203-2213.e5. [PMID: 33711249 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The midbody at the center of the intercellular bridge connecting dividing cells recruits the machinery essential for the final steps of cytokinesis.1-5 Successive abscission on both sides of the midbody generates a free midbody remnant (MBR) that can be inherited and accumulated in many cancer, immortalized, and stem cells, both in culture and in vivo.6-12 Strikingly, this organelle was recently shown to contain information that induces cancer cell proliferation, influences cell polarity, and promotes dorso-ventral axis specification upon interaction with recipient cells.13-16 Yet the mechanisms by which the MBR is captured by either a daughter cell or a distant cell are poorly described.10,14 Here, we report that BST2/tetherin, a well-established restriction factor that blocks the release of numerous enveloped viruses from the surface of infected cells,17-20 plays an analogous role in retaining midbody remnants. We found that BST2 is enriched at the midbody during cytokinesis and localizes at the surface of MBRs in a variety of cells. Knocking out BST2 induces the detachment of MBRs from the cell surface, their accumulation in the extracellular medium, and their transfer to distant cells. Mechanistically, the localization of BST2 at the MBR membrane is both necessary and sufficient for the interaction between MBRs and the cell surface. We thus propose that BST2 tethers post-cytokinetic midbody remnants to the cell surface. This finding reveals new parallels between cytokinesis and viral biology21-26 that unexpectedly extend beyond the ESCRT-dependent abscission step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Presle
- Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Lab, Institut Pasteur, UMR3691, CNRS, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Frémont
- Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Lab, Institut Pasteur, UMR3691, CNRS, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Audrey Salles
- UTechS Photonic BioImaging PBI (Imagopole), Centre de Recherche et de Ressources Technologiques C2RT, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Henri Commere
- UTechS CB, Centre de Recherche et de Ressources Technologiques C2RT, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Sassoon
- Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Lab, Institut Pasteur, UMR3691, CNRS, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | - Neetu Gupta-Rossi
- Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Lab, Institut Pasteur, UMR3691, CNRS, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Echard
- Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Lab, Institut Pasteur, UMR3691, CNRS, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France.
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19
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Wang K, Okada H, Bi E. Comparative Analysis of the Roles of Non-muscle Myosin-IIs in Cytokinesis in Budding Yeast, Fission Yeast, and Mammalian Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:593400. [PMID: 33330476 PMCID: PMC7710916 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.593400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The contractile ring, which plays critical roles in cytokinesis in fungal and animal cells, has fascinated biologists for decades. However, the basic question of how the non-muscle myosin-II and actin filaments are assembled into a ring structure to drive cytokinesis remains poorly understood. It is even more mysterious why and how the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and humans construct the ring structure with one, two, and three myosin-II isoforms, respectively. Here, we provide a comparative analysis of the roles of the non-muscle myosin-IIs in cytokinesis in these three model systems, with the goal of defining the common and unique features and highlighting the major questions regarding this family of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangji Wang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hiroki Okada
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Erfei Bi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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20
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Miguel VN, Ribichich KF, Giacomelli JI, Chan RL. Key role of the motor protein Kinesin 13B in the activity of homeodomain-leucine zipper I transcription factors. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:6282-6296. [PMID: 32882705 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The sunflower (Helianthus annuus) homeodomain-leucine zipper I transcription factor HaHB11 conferred differential phenotypic features when it was expressed in Arabidopsis, alfalfa, and maize plants. Such differences were increased biomass, seed yield, and tolerance to flooding. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms leading to such traits and identify HaHB11-interacting proteins, a yeast two-hybrid screening of an Arabidopsis cDNA library was carried out using HaHB11 as bait. The sole protein identified with high confidence as interacting with HaHB11 was Kinesin 13B. The interaction was confirmed by bimolecular fluorescence complementation and by yeast two-hybrid assay. Kinesin 13B also interacted with AtHB7, the Arabidopsis closest ortholog of HaHB11. Histochemical analyses revealed an overlap between the expression patterns of the three genes in hypocotyls, apical meristems, young leaves, vascular tissue, axillary buds, cauline leaves, and cauline leaf nodes at different developmental stages. AtKinesin 13B mutants did not exhibit a differential phenotype when compared with controls; however, both HaHB11 and AtHB7 overexpressor plants lost, partially or totally, their differential phenotypic characteristics when crossed with such mutants. Altogether, the results indicated that Kinesin 13B is essential for the homeodomain-leucine zipper transcription factors I to exert their functions, probably via regulation of the intracellular distribution of these transcription factors by the motor protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Natali Miguel
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, FBCB, Colectora Ruta Nacional 168 km 0, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Karina Fabiana Ribichich
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, FBCB, Colectora Ruta Nacional 168 km 0, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Jorge Ignacio Giacomelli
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, FBCB, Colectora Ruta Nacional 168 km 0, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Raquel Lia Chan
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, FBCB, Colectora Ruta Nacional 168 km 0, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
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21
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Sugeedha J, Gautam J, Tyagi S. SET1/MLL family of proteins: functions beyond histone methylation. Epigenetics 2020; 16:469-487. [PMID: 32795105 PMCID: PMC8078731 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2020.1809873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The SET1 family of enzymes are well known for their involvement in the histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methylation, a conserved trait of euchromatin associated with transcriptional activation. These methyltransferases are distinct, and involved in various biological functions in the cell. Impairment in the function of SET1 family members leads to a number of abnormalities such as skeletal and neurological defects, leukaemogenesis and even lethality. Tremendous progress has been made in understanding the unique biological roles and the mechanism of SET1 enzymes in context with H3K4 methylation/canonical functions. However, in recent years, several studies have indicated the novel role of SET1 family proteins, other than H3K4 methylation, which are equally important for cellular functions. In this review, we focus on these non-canonical function of SET1 family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeyapal Sugeedha
- Laboratory of Cell Cycle Regulation, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Uppal, Hyderabad, India
| | - Jyoti Gautam
- Laboratory of Cell Cycle Regulation, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Uppal, Hyderabad, India
| | - Shweta Tyagi
- Laboratory of Cell Cycle Regulation, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Uppal, Hyderabad, India
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22
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Legal T, Hayward D, Gluszek-Kustusz A, Blackburn EA, Spanos C, Rappsilber J, Gruneberg U, Welburn JPI. The C-terminal helix of BubR1 is essential for CENP-E-dependent chromosome alignment. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs246025. [PMID: 32665320 PMCID: PMC7473641 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.246025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
During cell division, misaligned chromosomes are captured and aligned by motors before their segregation. The CENP-E motor is recruited to polar unattached kinetochores to facilitate chromosome alignment. The spindle checkpoint protein BubR1 (also known as BUB1B) has been reported as a CENP-E interacting partner, but the extent to which BubR1 contributes to CENP-E localization at kinetochores has remained controversial. Here we define the molecular determinants that specify the interaction between BubR1 and CENP-E. The basic C-terminal helix of BubR1 is necessary but not sufficient for CENP-E interaction, and a minimal key acidic patch on the kinetochore-targeting domain of CENP-E is also essential. We then demonstrate that BubR1 is required for the recruitment of CENP-E to kinetochores to facilitate chromosome alignment. This BubR1-CENP-E axis is critical for alignment of chromosomes that have failed to congress through other pathways and recapitulates the major known function of CENP-E. Overall, our studies define the molecular basis and the function for CENP-E recruitment to BubR1 at kinetochores during mammalian mitosis.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Legal
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, Scotland, UK
| | - Daniel Hayward
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Agata Gluszek-Kustusz
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, Scotland, UK
| | - Elizabeth A Blackburn
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, Scotland, UK
| | - Christos Spanos
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, Scotland, UK
| | - Juri Rappsilber
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, Scotland, UK
- Chair of Bioanalytics, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - Ulrike Gruneberg
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Julie P I Welburn
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, Scotland, UK
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23
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A Dual Protein-mRNA Localization Screen Reveals Compartmentalized Translation and Widespread Co-translational RNA Targeting. Dev Cell 2020; 54:773-791.e5. [PMID: 32783880 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Local translation allows spatial control of gene expression. Here, we performed a dual protein-mRNA localization screen, using smFISH on 523 human cell lines expressing GFP-tagged genes. 32 mRNAs displayed specific cytoplasmic localizations with local translation at unexpected locations, including cytoplasmic protrusions, cell edges, endosomes, Golgi, the nuclear envelope, and centrosomes, the latter being cell-cycle-dependent. Automated classification of mRNA localization patterns revealed a high degree of intercellular heterogeneity. Surprisingly, mRNA localization frequently required ongoing translation, indicating widespread co-translational RNA targeting. Interestingly, while P-body accumulation was frequent (15 mRNAs), four mRNAs accumulated in foci that were distinct structures. These foci lacked the mature protein, but nascent polypeptide imaging showed that they were specialized translation factories. For β-catenin, foci formation was regulated by Wnt, relied on APC-dependent polysome aggregation, and led to nascent protein degradation. Thus, translation factories uniquely regulate nascent protein metabolism and create a fine granular compartmentalization of translation.
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24
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Li JL, Wang ZQ, Sun XL. MYL6B drives the capabilities of proliferation, invasion, and migration in rectal adenocarcinoma through the EMT process. Open Life Sci 2020; 15:522-531. [PMID: 33817240 PMCID: PMC7874597 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2020-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was designed to explore the biological significance of myosin light chain 6B (MYL6B) in rectal adenocarcinoma. Methods Profiles on the Oncomine dataset, GEPIA website, and UALCAN-TCGA database were searched to assess the MYL6B expression level in rectal adenocarcinoma tissues and normal tissues. After MYL6B knockdown using siRNA strategy, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and transwell assays were conducted to measure cell proliferation, migration and invasion, respectively. Flow cytometry analysis was conducted to assess cell apoptosis. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot were performed to detect the expression level of mRNAs and proteins. Results The data showed that overexpression of MYL6B was observed in rectal adenocarcinoma tissues and correlated with a poor prognosis of patients. Functional in vitro experiments revealed that MYL6B knockdown could inhibit proliferation, migration, and invasion of rectal adenocarcinoma cells, while promote cell apoptosis. Moreover, western blot analysis suggested that increased expression of E-cadherin and decreased expression of N-cadherin and Vimentin were induced by si-MYL6B. Conclusion In summary, this study elaborated on the promoting effect of MYL6B in rectal adenocarcinoma progression, thus providing novel insight for strategies of clinical diagnosis and drug application in the future clinical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Liang Li
- Department of Anus & Intestine Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Jining, Jining, Shandong, 272100, P.R. China
| | - Zai-Qiu Wang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Li Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264000, P.R. China
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25
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Non-Muscle Myosin 2A (NM2A): Structure, Regulation and Function. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071590. [PMID: 32630196 PMCID: PMC7408548 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-muscle myosin 2A (NM2A) is a motor cytoskeletal enzyme with crucial importance from the early stages of development until adulthood. Due to its capacity to convert chemical energy into force, NM2A powers the contraction of the actomyosin cytoskeleton, required for proper cell division, adhesion and migration, among other cellular functions. Although NM2A has been extensively studied, new findings revealed that a lot remains to be discovered concerning its spatiotemporal regulation in the intracellular environment. In recent years, new functions were attributed to NM2A and its activity was associated to a plethora of illnesses, including neurological disorders and infectious diseases. Here, we provide a concise overview on the current knowledge regarding the structure, the function and the regulation of NM2A. In addition, we recapitulate NM2A-associated diseases and discuss its potential as a therapeutic target.
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26
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Kamal MA, Al-Zahrani MH, Khan SH, Khan MH, Al-Subhi HA, Kuerban A, Aslam M, Al-Abbasi FA, Anwar F. Tubulin Proteins in Cancer Resistance: A Review. Curr Drug Metab 2020; 21:178-185. [DOI: 10.2174/1389200221666200226123638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells are altered with cell cycle genes or they are mutated, leading to a high rate of proliferation
compared to normal cells. Alteration in these genes leads to mitosis dysregulation and becomes the basis of tumor
progression and resistance to many drugs. The drugs which act on the cell cycle fail to arrest the process, making
cancer cell non-responsive to apoptosis or cell death. Vinca alkaloids and taxanes fall in this category and are
referred to as antimitotic agents. Microtubule proteins play an important role in mitosis during cell division as a
target site for vinca alkaloids and taxanes. These proteins are dynamic in nature and are composed of α-β-tubulin
heterodimers. β-tubulin specially βΙΙΙ isotype is generally altered in expression within cancerous cells. Initially,
these drugs were very effective in the treatment of cancer but failed to show their desired action after initial
chemotherapy. The present review highlights some of the important targets and their mechanism of resistance
offered by cancer cells with new promising drugs from natural sources that can lead to the development of a new
approach to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- Metabolomics and Enzymology Unit, Fundamental and Applied Biology Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Hassan Al-Zahrani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman Hasan Khan
- Department of Orthodontics, and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, TMU Dental College, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mateen Hasan Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Shri Venkateshwara University, Gajraula, Amroha, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hani Awad Al-Subhi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abudukadeer Kuerban
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Department of Statistics, Faculy of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Ahmed Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Firoz Anwar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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27
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The Flemmingsome reveals an ESCRT-to-membrane coupling via ALIX/syntenin/syndecan-4 required for completion of cytokinesis. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1941. [PMID: 32321914 PMCID: PMC7176721 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15205-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokinesis requires the constriction of ESCRT-III filaments on the side of the midbody, where abscission occurs. After ESCRT recruitment at the midbody, it is not known how the ESCRT-III machinery localizes to the abscission site. To reveal actors involved in abscission, we obtained the proteome of intact, post-abscission midbodies (Flemmingsome) and identified 489 proteins enriched in this organelle. Among these proteins, we further characterized a plasma membrane-to-ESCRT module composed of the transmembrane proteoglycan syndecan-4, ALIX and syntenin, a protein that bridges ESCRT-III/ALIX to syndecans. The three proteins are highly recruited first at the midbody then at the abscission site, and their depletion delays abscission. Mechanistically, direct interactions between ALIX, syntenin and syndecan-4 are essential for proper enrichment of the ESCRT-III machinery at the abscission site, but not at the midbody. We propose that the ESCRT-III machinery must be physically coupled to a membrane protein at the cytokinetic abscission site for efficient scission, uncovering common requirements in cytokinesis, exosome formation and HIV budding.
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28
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Mandal K, Pogoda K, Nandi S, Mathieu S, Kasri A, Klein E, Radvanyi F, Goud B, Janmey PA, Manneville JB. Role of a Kinesin Motor in Cancer Cell Mechanics. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:7691-7702. [PMID: 31565944 PMCID: PMC7737127 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Molecular motors play important roles in force generation, migration, and intracellular trafficking. Changes in specific motor activities are altered in numerous diseases. KIF20A, a motor protein of the kinesin-6 family, is overexpressed in bladder cancer, and KIF20A levels correlate negatively with clinical outcomes. We report here a new role for the KIF20A kinesin motor protein in intracellular mechanics. Using optical tweezers to probe intracellular mechanics and surface AFM to probe cortical mechanics, we first confirm that bladder urothelial cells soften with an increasing cancer grade. We then show that inhibiting KIF20A makes the intracellular environment softer for both high- and low-grade bladder cancer cells. Upon inhibition of KIF20A, cortical stiffness also decreases in lower grade cells, while it surprisingly increases in higher grade malignant cells. Changes in cortical stiffness correlate with the interaction of KIF20A with myosin IIA. Moreover, KIF20A inhibition negatively regulates bladder cancer cell motility irrespective of the underlying substrate stiffness. Our results reveal a central role for a microtubule motor in cell mechanics and migration in the context of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Mandal
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Katarzyna Pogoda
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
- Institute of Nuclear Physics , Polish Academy of Sciences , PL-31342 Krakow 31-342 , Poland
| | - Satabdi Nandi
- School of Veterinary Medicine , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology , National Institute on Aging , Baltimore , Maryland 21224 , United States
| | - Samuel Mathieu
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144 , 26 rue d'Ulm , Paris Cedex 05 75248 , France
| | - Amal Kasri
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144 , 26 rue d'Ulm , Paris Cedex 05 75248 , France
- ICM Brain and Spine Institute , Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital , 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital , Paris 75013 , France
| | - Eric Klein
- Department of Biology , Rutgers University-Camden Waterfront Tech Center , Camden , New Jersey 08103 , United States
| | - François Radvanyi
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144 , 26 rue d'Ulm , Paris Cedex 05 75248 , France
| | - Bruno Goud
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144 , 26 rue d'Ulm , Paris Cedex 05 75248 , France
| | - Paul A Janmey
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
- Departments of Physiology and Physics & Astronomy , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Jean-Baptiste Manneville
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144 , 26 rue d'Ulm , Paris Cedex 05 75248 , France
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29
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Qin Y, Zhou Y, Shen Z, Xu B, Chen M, Li Y, Chen M, Behrens A, Zhou J, Qi X, Meng W, Wang Y, Gao F. WDR62 is involved in spindle assembly by interacting with CEP170 in spermatogenesis. Development 2019; 146:dev.174128. [PMID: 31533924 DOI: 10.1242/dev.174128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
WDR62 is the second most common genetic alteration associated with microcephaly. It has been shown that Wdr62 is required for germ cell meiosis initiation in mice, and the majority of male germ cells are lost in the meiotic defect of first wave spermatogenesis in Wdr62 mutants. Strikingly, in this study, we found that the initiation of meiosis following spermatogenesis was not affected and the germ cells were gradually repopulated at later developmental stages. However, most germ cells were arrested at metaphase of meiosis I and no mature sperm were detected in epididymides. Further, this study demonstrated that metaphase I arrest of Wdr62-deficient spermatocytes was caused by asymmetric distribution of the centrosome and aberrant spindle assembly. Also, mechanistic studies demonstrated that WDR62 interacts with centrosome-associated protein CEP170, and deletion of Wdr62 causes downregulation of the CEP170 protein, which in turn leads to the aberrant spindle assembly. In summary, this study indicates that the meiosis of first wave spermatogenesis and the following spermatogenesis started from spermatogonium is probably regulated by different mechanisms. We also demonstrated a new function of WDR62 in germ cell meiosis, through its interaction with CEP170.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 100101.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, People's Republic of China 010070
| | - Zhiming Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 100101.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Binyang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 100101.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 100101
| | - Yaqiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 100101.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 100101.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Axel Behrens
- CR-UK London Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 100101.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Qi
- The Department of Chemistry, Beijing Capital Normal University, Beijing, China 100048
| | - Wenxiang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 100101
| | - Yaqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 100101
| | - Fei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 100101 .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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30
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The midbody interactome reveals unexpected roles for PP1 phosphatases in cytokinesis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4513. [PMID: 31586073 PMCID: PMC6778137 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12507-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The midbody is an organelle assembled at the intercellular bridge between the two daughter cells at the end of mitosis. It controls the final separation of the daughter cells and has been involved in cell fate, polarity, tissue organization, and cilium and lumen formation. Here, we report the characterization of the intricate midbody protein-protein interaction network (interactome), which identifies many previously unknown interactions and provides an extremely valuable resource for dissecting the multiple roles of the midbody. Initial analysis of this interactome revealed that PP1β-MYPT1 phosphatase regulates microtubule dynamics in late cytokinesis and de-phosphorylates the kinesin component MKLP1/KIF23 of the centralspindlin complex. This de-phosphorylation antagonizes Aurora B kinase to modify the functions and interactions of centralspindlin in late cytokinesis. Our findings expand the repertoire of PP1 functions during mitosis and indicate that spatiotemporal changes in the distribution of kinases and counteracting phosphatases finely tune the activity of cytokinesis proteins. The midbody is an organelle present at the bridge connecting two cells at the end of cell division. Here, the authors use mass spectrometry to define the midbody interactome and uncover a role for PP1 phosphatases in microtubule dynamics and regulation of cytokinesis.
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31
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Zhang W, Yang SL, Yang M, Herrlinger S, Shao Q, Collar JL, Fierro E, Shi Y, Liu A, Lu H, Herring BE, Guo ML, Buch S, Zhao Z, Xu J, Lu Z, Chen JF. Modeling microcephaly with cerebral organoids reveals a WDR62-CEP170-KIF2A pathway promoting cilium disassembly in neural progenitors. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2612. [PMID: 31197141 PMCID: PMC6565620 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10497-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary microcephaly is caused by mutations in genes encoding centrosomal proteins including WDR62 and KIF2A. However, mechanisms underlying human microcephaly remain elusive. By creating mutant mice and human cerebral organoids, here we found that WDR62 deletion resulted in a reduction in the size of mouse brains and organoids due to the disruption of neural progenitor cells (NPCs), including outer radial glia (oRG). WDR62 ablation led to retarded cilium disassembly, long cilium, and delayed cell cycle progression leading to decreased proliferation and premature differentiation of NPCs. Mechanistically, WDR62 interacts with and promotes CEP170’s localization to the basal body of primary cilium, where CEP170 recruits microtubule-depolymerizing factor KIF2A to disassemble cilium. WDR62 depletion reduced KIF2A’s basal body localization, and enhanced KIF2A expression partially rescued deficits in cilium length and NPC proliferation. Thus, modeling microcephaly with cerebral organoids and mice reveals a WDR62-CEP170-KIF2A pathway promoting cilium disassembly, disruption of which contributes to microcephaly. Mutations in WDR62 are the second most common genetic cause of autosomal recessive primary microcephaly, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying this pathogenesis remain unclear. Here, authors demonstrate that WDR62 depletion leads to neural precursor cell depletion and microcephaly via WDR62-CEP170-KIF2A pathway that promotes cilium disassembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Si-Lu Yang
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Mei Yang
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | | | - Qiang Shao
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - John L Collar
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Edgar Fierro
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Yanhong Shi
- Division of Stem Cell Biology Research, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Aimin Liu
- Department of Biology, Eberly College of Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Hui Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - Bruce E Herring
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Ming-Lei Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Shilpa Buch
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jian Xu
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Zhipeng Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jian-Fu Chen
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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32
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Common patterns of gene regulation associated with Cesarean section and the development of islet autoimmunity - indications of immune cell activation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6250. [PMID: 31000755 PMCID: PMC6472354 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42750-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Birth by Cesarean section increases the risk of developing type 1 diabetes later in life. We aimed to elucidate common regulatory processes observed after Cesarean section and the development of islet autoimmunity, which precedes type 1 diabetes, by investigating the transcriptome of blood cells in the developing immune system. To investigate Cesarean section effects, we analyzed longitudinal gene expression profiles from peripheral blood mononuclear cells taken at several time points from children with increased familial and genetic risk for type 1 diabetes. For islet autoimmunity, we compared gene expression differences between children after initiation of islet autoimmunity and age-matched children who did not develop islet autoantibodies. Finally, we compared both results to identify common regulatory patterns. We identified the pentose phosphate pathway and pyrimidine metabolism - both involved in nucleotide synthesis and cell proliferation - to be differentially expressed in children born by Cesarean section and after islet autoimmunity. Comparison of global gene expression signatures showed that transcriptomic changes were systematically and significantly correlated between Cesarean section and islet autoimmunity. Moreover, signatures of both Cesarean section and islet autoimmunity correlated with transcriptional changes observed during activation of isolated CD4+ T lymphocytes. In conclusion, we identified shared molecular changes relating to immune cell activation in children born by Cesarean section and children who developed autoimmunity. Our results serve as a starting point for further investigations on how a type 1 diabetes risk factor impacts the young immune system at a molecular level.
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33
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Wang K, Wloka C, Bi E. Non-muscle Myosin-II Is Required for the Generation of a Constriction Site for Subsequent Abscission. iScience 2019; 13:69-81. [PMID: 30825839 PMCID: PMC6396101 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It remains unknown when, where, and how the site of abscission is generated during cytokinesis. Here, we show that the sites of constriction, i.e., the sites of future abscission, are initially formed at the ends of the intercellular bridge during early midbody stage, and that these sites are associated with the non-muscle myosin-IIB (not myosin-IIA), actin filaments, and septin 9 until abscission. The ESCRT-III component CHMP4B localizes to the midbody and "spreads" to the site of abscission only during late midbody stage. Strikingly, inhibition of myosin-II motor activity by a low dose of Blebbistatin completely abolishes the formation of the constriction sites, resulting in the localization of all the above-mentioned components to the midbody region. These data strongly suggest that a secondary actomyosin ring provides the primary driving force for the thinning of the intercellular bridge to allow ESCRT-mediated membrane fission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangji Wang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6058, USA
| | - Carsten Wloka
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6058, USA; Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747 AE Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Erfei Bi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6058, USA.
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34
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Malaby HLH, Dumas ME, Ohi R, Stumpff J. Kinesin-binding protein ensures accurate chromosome segregation by buffering KIF18A and KIF15. J Cell Biol 2019; 218:1218-1234. [PMID: 30709852 PMCID: PMC6446846 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201806195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinesin-binding protein (KBP) is identified as a regulator of the kinesins KIF18A and KIF15 during mitosis. KBP buffers the activity of these motors to control chromosome alignment and spindle integrity in metaphase and prevent lagging chromosomes in anaphase. Mitotic kinesins must be regulated to ensure a precise balance of spindle forces and accurate segregation of chromosomes into daughter cells. Here, we demonstrate that kinesin-binding protein (KBP) reduces the activity of KIF18A and KIF15 during metaphase. Overexpression of KBP disrupts the movement and alignment of mitotic chromosomes and decreases spindle length, a combination of phenotypes observed in cells deficient for KIF18A and KIF15, respectively. We show through gliding filament and microtubule co-pelleting assays that KBP directly inhibits KIF18A and KIF15 motor activity by preventing microtubule binding. Consistent with these effects, the mitotic localizations of KIF18A and KIF15 are altered by overexpression of KBP. Cells depleted of KBP exhibit lagging chromosomes in anaphase, an effect that is recapitulated by KIF15 and KIF18A overexpression. Based on these data, we propose a model in which KBP acts as a protein buffer in mitosis, protecting cells from excessive KIF18A and KIF15 activity to promote accurate chromosome segregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi L H Malaby
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Megan E Dumas
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN
| | - Ryoma Ohi
- The Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI .,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Jason Stumpff
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
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35
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Capmany A, Yoshimura A, Kerdous R, Caorsi V, Lescure A, Nery ED, Coudrier E, Goud B, Schauer K. MYO1C stabilizes actin and facilitates arrival of transport carriers at the Golgi apparatus. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.225029. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.225029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We aim to identify the myosin motor proteins that control trafficking at the Golgi apparatus. In addition to the known Golgi-associated myosins MYO6, MYO18A and MYH9 (myosin IIA), we identify MYO1C as a novel player at the Golgi. We demonstrate that depletion of MYO1C induces Golgi apparatus fragmentation and decompaction. MYO1C accumulates at dynamic structures around the Golgi apparatus that colocalize with Golgi-associated actin dots. MYO1C depletion leads to loss of cellular F-actin, and Golgi apparatus decompaction is also observed after the inhibition or loss of the Arp2/3 complex. We show that the functional consequences of MYO1C depletion is a delay in the arrival of incoming transport carriers, both from the anterograde and retrograde routes. We propose that MYO1C stabilizes actin at the Golgi apparatus facilitating the arrival of incoming transport carriers at the Golgi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahi Capmany
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Molecular Mechanisms of Intracellular Transport group, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche144, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Azumi Yoshimura
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Molecular Mechanisms of Intracellular Transport group, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche144, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Rachid Kerdous
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Molecular Mechanisms of Intracellular Transport group, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche144, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Aurianne Lescure
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Molecular Mechanisms of Intracellular Transport group, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Department of Translational Research, BioPhenics High-Content Screening Laboratory, Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), Paris, France
| | - Elaine Del Nery
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Molecular Mechanisms of Intracellular Transport group, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Department of Translational Research, BioPhenics High-Content Screening Laboratory, Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), Paris, France
| | - Evelyne Coudrier
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Molecular Mechanisms of Intracellular Transport group, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche144, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Goud
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Molecular Mechanisms of Intracellular Transport group, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche144, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Kristine Schauer
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Molecular Mechanisms of Intracellular Transport group, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche144, 75005 Paris, France
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36
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Paier CRK, Maranhão SS, Carneiro TR, Lima LM, Rocha DD, da Silva Santos R, de Farias KM, de Moraes-Filho MO, Pessoa C. Natural products as new antimitotic compounds for anticancer drug development. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2018; 73:e813s. [PMID: 30540125 PMCID: PMC6256996 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2018/e813s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle control genes are frequently mutated in cancer cells, which usually display higher rates of proliferation than normal cells. Dysregulated mitosis leads to genomic instability, which contributes to tumor progression and aggressiveness. Many drugs that disrupt mitosis have been studied because they induce cell cycle arrest and tumor cell death. These antitumor compounds are referred to as antimitotics. Vinca alkaloids and taxanes are natural products that target microtubules and inhibit mitosis, and their derivatives are among the most commonly used drugs in cancer therapy worldwide. However, severe adverse effects such as neuropathies are frequently observed during treatment with microtubule-targeting agents. Many efforts have been directed at developing improved antimitotics with increased specificity and decreased likelihood of inducing side effects. These new drugs generally target specific components of mitotic regulation that are mainly or exclusively expressed during cell division, such as kinases, motor proteins and multiprotein complexes. Such small molecules are now in preclinical studies and clinical trials, and many are products or derivatives from natural sources. In this review, we focused on the most promising targets for the development of antimitotics and discussed the advantages and disadvantages of these targets. We also highlighted the novel natural antimitotic agents under investigation by our research group, including combretastatins, withanolides and pterocarpans, which show the potential to circumvent the main issues in antimitotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Roberto Koscky Paier
- Laboratorio de Oncologia Experimental, Nucleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos (NPDM), Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, BR
- *Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Sarah Sant'Anna Maranhão
- Laboratorio de Oncologia Experimental, Nucleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos (NPDM), Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, BR
- Programa de Pos graduacao em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, BR
| | - Teiliane Rodrigues Carneiro
- Laboratorio de Oncologia Experimental, Nucleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos (NPDM), Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, BR
- Programa de Pos graduacao em Biotecnologia, Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, BR
- Laboratorio de Avaliacao e Sintese de Substancias Bioativas (LASSBio), Instituto de Ciencia e Tecnologia de Farmacos e Medicamentos (INCT-INOFAR), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | - Lídia Moreira Lima
- Laboratorio de Avaliacao e Sintese de Substancias Bioativas (LASSBio), Instituto de Ciencia e Tecnologia de Farmacos e Medicamentos (INCT-INOFAR), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | - Danilo Damasceno Rocha
- Laboratorio de Oncologia Experimental, Nucleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos (NPDM), Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, BR
| | - Renan da Silva Santos
- Laboratorio de Oncologia Experimental, Nucleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos (NPDM), Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, BR
- Programa de Pos graduacao em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, BR
| | - Kaio Moraes de Farias
- Laboratorio de Oncologia Experimental, Nucleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos (NPDM), Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, BR
- Programa de Pos graduacao em Biotecnologia, Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, BR
| | - Manoel Odorico de Moraes-Filho
- Laboratorio de Oncologia Experimental, Nucleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos (NPDM), Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, BR
- Programa de Pos graduacao em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, BR
- Programa de Pos graduacao em Biotecnologia, Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, BR
| | - Claudia Pessoa
- Laboratorio de Oncologia Experimental, Nucleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos (NPDM), Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, BR
- Programa de Pos graduacao em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, BR
- Programa de Pos graduacao em Biotecnologia, Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, BR
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37
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Cai Y, Hossain MJ, Hériché JK, Politi AZ, Walther N, Koch B, Wachsmuth M, Nijmeijer B, Kueblbeck M, Martinic-Kavur M, Ladurner R, Alexander S, Peters JM, Ellenberg J. Experimental and computational framework for a dynamic protein atlas of human cell division. Nature 2018; 561:411-415. [PMID: 30202089 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0518-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Essential biological functions, such as mitosis, require tight coordination of hundreds of proteins in space and time. Localization, the timing of interactions and changes in cellular structure are all crucial to ensure the correct assembly, function and regulation of protein complexes1-4. Imaging of live cells can reveal protein distributions and dynamics but experimental and theoretical challenges have prevented the collection of quantitative data, which are necessary for the formulation of a model of mitosis that comprehensively integrates information and enables the analysis of the dynamic interactions between the molecular parts of the mitotic machinery within changing cellular boundaries. Here we generate a canonical model of the morphological changes during the mitotic progression of human cells on the basis of four-dimensional image data. We use this model to integrate dynamic three-dimensional concentration data of many fluorescently knocked-in mitotic proteins, imaged by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy-calibrated microscopy5. The approach taken here to generate a dynamic protein atlas of human cell division is generic; it can be applied to systematically map and mine dynamic protein localization networks that drive cell division in different cell types, and can be conceptually transferred to other cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Cai
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Roche Diagnostics, Waiblingen, Germany
| | - M Julius Hossain
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Antonio Z Politi
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Nike Walther
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Koch
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Malte Wachsmuth
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Luxendo GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bianca Nijmeijer
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Moritz Kueblbeck
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marina Martinic-Kavur
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna, Austria.,Genos, Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Rene Ladurner
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna, Austria.,Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Jan Ellenberg
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.
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38
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Wojcik MH, Okada K, Prabhu SP, Nowakowski DW, Ramsey K, Balak C, Rangasamy S, Brownstein CA, Schmitz-Abe K, Cohen JS, Fatemi A, Shi J, Grant EP, Narayanan V, Ho HYH, Agrawal PB. De novo variant in KIF26B is associated with pontocerebellar hypoplasia with infantile spinal muscular atrophy. Am J Med Genet A 2018; 176:2623-2629. [PMID: 30151950 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.40493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
KIF26B is a member of the kinesin superfamily with evolutionarily conserved functions in controlling aspects of embryogenesis, including the development of the nervous system, though its function is incompletely understood. We describe an infant with progressive microcephaly, pontocerebellar hypoplasia, and arthrogryposis secondary to the involvement of anterior horn cells and ventral (motor) nerves. We performed whole exome sequencing on the trio and identified a de novo KIF26B missense variant, p.Gly546Ser, in the proband. This variant alters a highly conserved amino acid residue that is part of the phosphate-binding loop motif and motor-like domain and is deemed pathogenic by several in silico methods. Functional analysis of the variant protein in cultured cells revealed a reduction in the KIF26B protein's ability to promote cell adhesion, a defect that potentially contributes to its pathogenicity. Overall, KIF26B may play a critical role in the brain development and, when mutated, cause pontocerebellar hypoplasia with arthrogryposis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica H Wojcik
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kyoko Okada
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, California
| | - Sanjay P Prabhu
- Neuroradiology Division, Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Keri Ramsey
- Center for Rare Childhood Disorders, Translational Genomic Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Chris Balak
- Center for Rare Childhood Disorders, Translational Genomic Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Sampath Rangasamy
- Center for Rare Childhood Disorders, Translational Genomic Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Catherine A Brownstein
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Klaus Schmitz-Abe
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Julie S Cohen
- Division of Neurogenetics, Hugo W. Moser Research Institute, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ali Fatemi
- Division of Neurogenetics, Hugo W. Moser Research Institute, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland.,Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jiahai Shi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Ellen P Grant
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Neuroradiology Division, Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vinodh Narayanan
- Center for Rare Childhood Disorders, Translational Genomic Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Hsin-Yi Henry Ho
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, California
| | - Pankaj B Agrawal
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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39
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Abstract
Precisely controlled cell deformations are key to cell migration, division and tissue morphogenesis, and have been implicated in cell differentiation during development, as well as cancer progression. In animal cells, shape changes are primarily driven by the cellular cortex, a thin actomyosin network that lies directly underneath the plasma membrane. Myosin-generated forces create tension in the cortical network, and gradients in tension lead to cellular deformations. Recent studies have provided important insight into the molecular control of cortical tension by progressively unveiling cortex composition and organization. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we review our current understanding of cortex composition and architecture. We then discuss how the microscopic properties of the cortex control cortical tension. While many open questions remain, it is now clear that cortical tension can be modulated through both cortex composition and organization, providing multiple levels of regulation for this key cellular property during cell and tissue morphogenesis. Summary: A summary of the composition, architecture, mechanics and function of the cellular actin cortex, which determines the shape of animal cells, and, thus, provides the foundation for cell and tissue morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyamvada Chugh
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK .,Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Ewa K Paluch
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK .,Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.,Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
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40
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Morthorst SK, Christensen ST, Pedersen LB. Regulation of ciliary membrane protein trafficking and signalling by kinesin motor proteins. FEBS J 2018; 285:4535-4564. [PMID: 29894023 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Primary cilia are antenna-like sensory organelles that regulate a substantial number of cellular signalling pathways in vertebrates, both during embryonic development as well as in adulthood, and mutations in genes coding for ciliary proteins are causative of an expanding group of pleiotropic diseases known as ciliopathies. Cilia consist of a microtubule-based axoneme core, which is subtended by a basal body and covered by a bilayer lipid membrane of unique protein and lipid composition. Cilia are dynamic organelles, and the ability of cells to regulate ciliary protein and lipid content in response to specific cellular and environmental cues is crucial for balancing ciliary signalling output. Here we discuss mechanisms involved in regulation of ciliary membrane protein trafficking and signalling, with main focus on kinesin-2 and kinesin-3 family members.
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41
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Xie X, Wang X, Liao W, Fei R, Wu N, Cong X, Chen Q, Wei L, Wang Y, Chen H. MYL6B, a myosin light chain, promotes MDM2-mediated p53 degradation and drives HCC development. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2018; 37:28. [PMID: 29439719 PMCID: PMC5812214 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0693-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of novel MDM2 or p53 binding proteins may reveal undefined oncogenes, tumor suppressors, signaling pathways and possible treatment targets. METHODS By means of immunoprecipitation and Mass Spectrometry analysis, we aimed to identify novel regulators of the MDM2-p53 pathway. We further clarified the impact of MYL6B on the p53 protein level and on the process of apoptosis. We also investigated the role of MYL6B in hepatocellular carcinoma by clone formation assay and by determining the correlation between its expression and prognosis of HCC patients. RESULTS We identified a novel MDM2 and p53 binding protein, MYL6B. It is a myosin light chain that could bind myosin II heavy chains to form non-muscle myosin II holoenzymes (NMII). We found that MYL6B could facilitate the binding of MDM2 to p53, which consequently promotes the ubiquitination and degradation of p53 protein. We further proved that MYL6B exerts the suppression effect on p53 as part of NMII holoenzymes because inhibiting the ATPase activity of myosin II heavy chain largely blocked this effect. We also discovered that MYL6B is overexpressed in HCC tissues and linked to the bad prognosis of HCC patients. Knocking out of MYL6B dramatically suppressed the clonogenic ability and increased the apoptosis level of HCC cell lines. CONCLUSIONS To summary, our results demonstrate that MYL6B is a putative tumor driver gene in HCC which could promote the degradation of p53 by enhancing its' MDM2-mediated ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwang Xie
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Disease, Beijing, 100044, China
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xueyan Wang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Disease, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Weijia Liao
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Ran Fei
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Disease, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Disease, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xu Cong
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Disease, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Lai Wei
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Disease, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Hongsong Chen
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Disease, Beijing, 100044, China.
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42
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A small-molecule activator of kinesin-1 drives remodeling of the microtubule network. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:13738-13743. [PMID: 29229862 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1715115115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The microtubule motor kinesin-1 interacts via its cargo-binding domain with both microtubules and organelles, and hence plays an important role in controlling organelle transport and microtubule dynamics. In the absence of cargo, kinesin-1 is found in an autoinhibited conformation. The molecular basis of how cargo engagement affects the balance between kinesin-1's active and inactive conformations and roles in microtubule dynamics and organelle transport is not well understood. Here we describe the discovery of kinesore, a small molecule that in vitro inhibits kinesin-1 interactions with short linear peptide motifs found in organelle-specific cargo adaptors, yet activates kinesin-1's function of controlling microtubule dynamics in cells, demonstrating that these functions are mechanistically coupled. We establish a proof-of-concept that a microtubule motor-cargo interface and associated autoregulatory mechanism can be manipulated using a small molecule, and define a target for the modulation of microtubule dynamics.
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43
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Taulet N, Vitre B, Anguille C, Douanier A, Rocancourt M, Taschner M, Lorentzen E, Echard A, Delaval B. IFT proteins spatially control the geometry of cleavage furrow ingression and lumen positioning. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1928. [PMID: 29203870 PMCID: PMC5715026 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01479-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokinesis mediates the physical separation of dividing cells and, in 3D epithelia, provides a spatial landmark for lumen formation. Here, we unravel an unexpected role in cytokinesis for proteins of the intraflagellar transport (IFT) machinery, initially characterized for their ciliary role and their link to polycystic kidney disease. Using 2D and 3D cultures of renal cells, we show that IFT proteins are required to correctly shape the central spindle, to control symmetric cleavage furrow ingression and to ensure central lumen positioning. Mechanistically, IFT88 directly interacts with the kinesin MKLP2 and is essential for the correct relocalization of the Aurora B/MKLP2 complex to the central spindle. IFT88 is thus required for proper centralspindlin distribution and central spindle microtubule organization. Overall, this work unravels a novel non-ciliary mechanism for IFT proteins at the central spindle, which could contribute to kidney cyst formation by affecting lumen positioning. Cytokinesis relies on central spindle organization and provides a spatial landmark for lumen formation. Here, the authors show that intraflagellar transport proteins are required for the localization of the cytokinetic regulator Aurora B and subsequent cleavage furrow ingression and lumen positioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Taulet
- CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, Centrosome, Cilia and Pathology Lab, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Benjamin Vitre
- CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, Centrosome, Cilia and Pathology Lab, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Christelle Anguille
- CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, Centrosome, Cilia and Pathology Lab, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Audrey Douanier
- CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, Centrosome, Cilia and Pathology Lab, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Murielle Rocancourt
- Institut PASTEUR, CNRS UMR 3691 Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Lab, Cell Biology and Infection Department, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Michael Taschner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10c, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Esben Lorentzen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10c, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Arnaud Echard
- Institut PASTEUR, CNRS UMR 3691 Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Lab, Cell Biology and Infection Department, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Benedicte Delaval
- CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, Centrosome, Cilia and Pathology Lab, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France.
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44
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Bianchi FT, Gai M, Berto GE, Di Cunto F. Of rings and spines: The multiple facets of Citron proteins in neural development. Small GTPases 2017; 11:122-130. [PMID: 29185861 PMCID: PMC7053930 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2017.1374325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The Citron protein was originally identified for its capability to specifically bind the active form of RhoA small GTPase, leading to the simplistic hypothesis that it may work as a RhoA downstream effector in actin remodeling. More than two decades later, a much more complex picture has emerged. In particular, it has become clear that in animals, and especially in mammals, the functions of the Citron gene (CIT) are intimately linked to many aspects of central nervous system (CNS) development and function, although the gene is broadly expressed. More specifically, CIT encodes two main isoforms, Citron-kinase (CIT-K) and Citron-N (CIT-N), characterized by complementary expression pattern and different functions. Moreover, in many of their activities, CIT proteins act more as upstream regulators than as downstream effectors of RhoA. Finally it has been found that, besides working through actin, CIT proteins have many crucial functional interactions with the microtubule cytoskeleton and may directly affect genome stability. In this review, we will summarize these advances and illustrate their actual or potential relevance for CNS diseases, including microcephaly and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico T Bianchi
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Regione Golzole 10, Orbassano, TO, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marta Gai
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Gaia E Berto
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Regione Golzole 10, Orbassano, TO, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Di Cunto
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Regione Golzole 10, Orbassano, TO, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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45
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Bianchi FT, Tocco C, Pallavicini G, Liu Y, Vernì F, Merigliano C, Bonaccorsi S, El-Assawy N, Priano L, Gai M, Berto GE, Chiotto AMA, Sgrò F, Caramello A, Tasca L, Ala U, Neri F, Oliviero S, Mauro A, Geley S, Gatti M, Di Cunto F. Citron Kinase Deficiency Leads to Chromosomal Instability and TP53-Sensitive Microcephaly. Cell Rep 2017; 18:1674-1686. [PMID: 28199840 PMCID: PMC5318669 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in citron (CIT), leading to loss or inactivation of the citron kinase protein (CITK), cause primary microcephaly in humans and rodents, associated with cytokinesis failure and apoptosis in neural progenitors. We show that CITK loss induces DNA damage accumulation and chromosomal instability in both mammals and Drosophila. CITK-deficient cells display "spontaneous" DNA damage, increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation, and defective recovery from radiation-induced DNA lesions. In CITK-deficient cells, DNA double-strand breaks increase independently of cytokinesis failure. Recruitment of RAD51 to DNA damage foci is compromised by CITK loss, and CITK physically interacts with RAD51, suggesting an involvement of CITK in homologous recombination. Consistent with this scenario, in doubly CitK and Trp53 mutant mice, neural progenitor cell death is dramatically reduced; moreover, clinical and neuroanatomical phenotypes are remarkably improved. Our results underscore a crucial role of CIT in the maintenance of genomic integrity during brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Tommaso Bianchi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano (TO), Italy.
| | - Chiara Tocco
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Pallavicini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano (TO), Italy
| | - Yifan Liu
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Fiammetta Vernì
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin," Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Merigliano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin," Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Bonaccorsi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin," Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Nadia El-Assawy
- Department of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, San Giuseppe Hospital, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, 28824 Piancavallo (VB), Italy
| | - Lorenzo Priano
- Department of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, San Giuseppe Hospital, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, 28824 Piancavallo (VB), Italy; Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Marta Gai
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Gaia Elena Berto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano (TO), Italy
| | - Alessandra Maria Adelaide Chiotto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano (TO), Italy
| | - Francesco Sgrò
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Alessia Caramello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Tasca
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano (TO), Italy
| | - Ugo Ala
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Neri
- Human Genetics Foundation (HuGeF), via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Mauro
- Department of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, San Giuseppe Hospital, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, 28824 Piancavallo (VB), Italy; Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Stephan Geley
- Division of Molecular Pathophysiology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Maurizio Gatti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin," Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), CNR, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Di Cunto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano (TO), Italy.
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46
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Janisch KM, McNeely KC, Dardick JM, Lim SH, Dwyer ND. Kinesin-6 KIF20B is required for efficient cytokinetic furrowing and timely abscission in human cells. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 29:166-179. [PMID: 29167382 PMCID: PMC5909929 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-08-0495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
KIF20B is in the Kinesin-6 family that includes KIF23/MKLP1 and KIF20A/MKLP2. Previously we showed that mouse Kif20b regulates cerebral cortex growth and neural stem cell midbodies. Now we show KIF20B has a cell-autonomous role in regulating cytokinetic furrowing and abscission. KIF20B may coordinate late midbody maturation before abscission. Cytokinesis requires the cooperation of many cytoskeletal and membrane regulators. Most of the major players required for cytokinesis are known, but the temporal regulation and adaptations for different cell types are less understood. KIF20B (previously called MPHOSPH1 or MPP1) is a member of the Kinesin-6 family, which also includes the better-known members KIF23/MKLP1 and KIF20A/MKLP2. Previously, we showed that mouse Kif20b is involved in cerebral cortex growth and midbody organization of neural stem cells. Here, using siRNA-mediated knockdown of KIF20B in a human cell line and fixed and live imaging, we show that KIF20B has a cell-autonomous role in cytokinesis. KIF20B depletion affects the speed of both furrow ingression and abscission. It localizes to microtubules of the central spindle and midbody throughout cytokinesis, at sites distinct from the other Kinesin-6 family members. KIF20B is not required for midbody assembly, but may accelerate or coordinate midbody maturation. In particular, KIF20B appears to regulate late steps of maturation including anillin dispersal, ESCRT-III recruitment, and the formation of microtubule constriction sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin M Janisch
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Katrina C McNeely
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Joseph M Dardick
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Samuel H Lim
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Noelle D Dwyer
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
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47
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Toyoda Y, Cattin CJ, Stewart MP, Poser I, Theis M, Kurzchalia TV, Buchholz F, Hyman AA, Müller DJ. Genome-scale single-cell mechanical phenotyping reveals disease-related genes involved in mitotic rounding. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1266. [PMID: 29097687 PMCID: PMC5668354 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01147-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To divide, most animal cells drastically change shape and round up against extracellular confinement. Mitotic cells facilitate this process by generating intracellular pressure, which the contractile actomyosin cortex directs into shape. Here, we introduce a genome-scale microcantilever- and RNAi-based approach to phenotype the contribution of > 1000 genes to the rounding of single mitotic cells against confinement. Our screen analyzes the rounding force, pressure and volume of mitotic cells and localizes selected proteins. We identify 49 genes relevant for mitotic rounding, a large portion of which have not previously been linked to mitosis or cell mechanics. Among these, depleting the endoplasmic reticulum-localized protein FAM134A impairs mitotic progression by affecting metaphase plate alignment and pressure generation by delocalizing cortical myosin II. Furthermore, silencing the DJ-1 gene uncovers a link between mitochondria-associated Parkinson's disease and mitotic pressure. We conclude that mechanical phenotyping is a powerful approach to study the mechanisms governing cell shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Toyoda
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,Division of Cell Biology, Life Science Institute, Kurume University, Hyakunen-Kohen 1-1, Kurume, Fukuoka, 839-0864, Japan
| | - Cedric J Cattin
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering (D-BSSE), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin P Stewart
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering (D-BSSE), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139-4307, USA.,The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139-4307, USA
| | - Ina Poser
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mirko Theis
- UCC, Medical System biology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University of Technology Dresden, Am Tatzberg 47/49, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Teymuras V Kurzchalia
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank Buchholz
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,UCC, Medical System biology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University of Technology Dresden, Am Tatzberg 47/49, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anthony A Hyman
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Daniel J Müller
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering (D-BSSE), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.
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48
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Miserey-Lenkei S, Bousquet H, Pylypenko O, Bardin S, Dimitrov A, Bressanelli G, Bonifay R, Fraisier V, Guillou C, Bougeret C, Houdusse A, Echard A, Goud B. Coupling fission and exit of RAB6 vesicles at Golgi hotspots through kinesin-myosin interactions. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1254. [PMID: 29093437 PMCID: PMC5665954 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01266-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The actin and microtubule cytoskeletons play important roles in Golgi structure and function, but how they are connected remain poorly known. In this study, we investigated whether RAB6 GTPase, a Golgi-associated RAB involved in the regulation of several transport steps at the Golgi level, and two of its effectors, Myosin IIA and KIF20A participate in the coupling between actin and microtubule cytoskeleton. We have previously shown that RAB6–Myosin IIA interaction is critical for the fission of RAB6-positive transport carriers from Golgi/TGN membranes. Here we show that KIF20A is also involved in the fission process and serves to anchor RAB6 on Golgi/TGN membranes near microtubule nucleating sites. We provide evidence that the fission events occur at a limited number of hotspots sites. Our results suggest that coupling between actin and microtubule cytoskeletons driven by Myosin II and KIF20A ensures the spatial coordination between RAB6-positive vesicles fission from Golgi/TGN membranes and their exit along microtubules. Actin and microtubules play important roles in Golgi structure and function but how they are connected is poorly understood. Here the authors show that KIF20A is involved in the fission process and, in association with Myosin II, serves to anchor RAB6 on Golgi/TGN membranes near microtubules nucleating sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Miserey-Lenkei
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Molecular Mechanisms of Intracellular Transport, F-75005, Paris, France.
| | - Hugo Bousquet
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Molecular Mechanisms of Intracellular Transport, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Olena Pylypenko
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Structural Motility, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Sabine Bardin
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Molecular Mechanisms of Intracellular Transport, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Ariane Dimitrov
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Molecular Mechanisms of Intracellular Transport, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Gaëlle Bressanelli
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Structural Motility, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Raja Bonifay
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Structural Motility, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Fraisier
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), F-75005, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Anne Houdusse
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Structural Motility, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Echard
- Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR3691, Membrane Traffic and Cell Division, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Goud
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Molecular Mechanisms of Intracellular Transport, F-75005, Paris, France.
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49
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Ferraro NM, Dampier W, Weingarten MS, Spiller KL. Deconvolution of heterogeneous wound tissue samples into relative macrophage phenotype composition via models based on gene expression. Integr Biol (Camb) 2017; 9:328-338. [PMID: 28290581 DOI: 10.1039/c7ib00018a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages, the primary cell of the innate immune system, act on a spectrum of phenotypes that correspond to diverse functions. Dysregulation of macrophage phenotype is associated with many diseases. In particular, defective transition from pro-inflammatory (M1) to anti-inflammatory (M2) behavior has been implicated as a potential source of sustained inflammation that prevents healing of chronic wounds such as diabetic ulcers. In order to design effective treatments, an understanding of the relative presence of macrophage phenotypes during tissue repair is necessary. Inferring the relative phenotype composition is currently challenging due to the heterogeneous nature of the macrophages themselves and also of tissue samples. We propose here a method to deconvolute gene expression from heterogeneous tissue samples into the composition of two primary macrophage phenotypes (M1 and M2). Our final method uses gene expression signatures for each phenotype cultivated in vitro as input to a predictive model that infers sample composition with an average error of 0.16, and whose predictions fit known compositions prepared in vitro with an R2 value of 0.90. Finally, we apply this model to describe macrophage behavior in human diabetic ulcer healing using clinically isolated ulcer tissue samples. The model predicted that non-healing diabetic ulcers contained higher proportions of M1 macrophages compared to healing diabetic ulcers, in agreement with numerous studies that have implicated a dysfunctional M1-to-M2 transition in the impaired healing of diabetic ulcers. These results show proof of concept that the model holds utility in making predictions regarding macrophage behavior in heterogeneous samples, with potential application as a wound healing diagnostic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Ferraro
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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50
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Ali A, Veeranki SN, Chinchole A, Tyagi S. MLL/WDR5 Complex Regulates Kif2A Localization to Ensure Chromosome Congression and Proper Spindle Assembly during Mitosis. Dev Cell 2017. [PMID: 28633016 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL), along with multisubunit (WDR5, RbBP5, ASH2L, and DPY30) complex catalyzes the trimethylation of H3K4, leading to gene activation. Here, we characterize a chromatin-independent role for MLL during mitosis. MLL and WDR5 localize to the mitotic spindle apparatus, and loss of function of MLL complex by RNAi results in defects in chromosome congression and compromised spindle formation. We report interaction of MLL complex with several kinesin and dynein motors. We further show that the MLL complex associates with Kif2A, a member of the Kinesin-13 family of microtubule depolymerase, and regulates the spindle localization of Kif2A during mitosis. We have identified a conserved WDR5 interaction (Win) motif, so far unique to the MLL family, in Kif2A. The Win motif of Kif2A engages in direct interactions with WDR5 for its spindle localization. Our findings highlight a non-canonical mitotic function of MLL complex, which may have a direct impact on chromosomal stability, frequently compromised in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Ali
- Laboratory of Cell Cycle Regulation, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Nampally, Hyderabad 500001, India; Graduate Studies, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Sailaja Naga Veeranki
- Laboratory of Cell Cycle Regulation, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Nampally, Hyderabad 500001, India
| | - Akash Chinchole
- Laboratory of Cell Cycle Regulation, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Nampally, Hyderabad 500001, India; Graduate Studies, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Shweta Tyagi
- Laboratory of Cell Cycle Regulation, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Nampally, Hyderabad 500001, India.
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