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Xu WD, Yang C, Huang AF. The role of Nrf2 in immune cells and inflammatory autoimmune diseases: a comprehensive review. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2024:1-18. [PMID: 39256980 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2401518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nrf2 regulates mild stress, chronic inflammation, and metabolic changes by regulating different immune cells via downstream signaling. Collection of information about the role of Nrf2 in inflammatory autoimmune diseases will better understand the therapeutic potential of targeting Nrf2 in these diseases. AREAS COVERED In this review, we comprehensively discussed biological function of Nrf2 in different immune cells, including Nrf2 preventing oxidative tissue injury, affecting apoptosis of immune cells and inflammatory cytokine production. Moreover, we discussed the role of Nrf2 in the development of inflammatory autoimmune diseases. EXPERT OPINION Nrf2 binds to downstream signaling molecules and then provides durable protection against different cellular and organ stress. It has emerged as an important target for inflammatory autoimmune diseases. Development of Nrf2 modulator drugs needs to consider factors such as target specificity, short/long term safety, disease indication identification, and the extent of variation in Nrf2 activity. We carefully discussed the dual role of Nrf2 in some diseases, which helps to better target Nrf2 in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Dong Xu
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Chan Yang
- Preventive Health Center, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - An-Fang Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Reis-Mendes A, Ferreira M, Padrão AI, Duarte JA, Duarte-Araújo M, Remião F, Carvalho F, Sousa E, Bastos ML, Costa VM. The Role of Nrf2 and Inflammation on the Dissimilar Cardiotoxicity of Doxorubicin in Two-Time Points: a Cardio-Oncology In Vivo Study Through Time. Inflammation 2024; 47:264-284. [PMID: 37833616 PMCID: PMC10799157 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a topoisomerase II inhibitor used in cancer therapy. Despite its efficacy, DOX causes serious adverse effects, such as short- and long-term cardiotoxicity. This work aimed to assess the short- and long-term cardiotoxicity of DOX and the role of inflammation and antioxidant defenses on that cardiotoxicity in a mice model. Adult CD-1 male mice received a cumulative dose of 9.0 mg/kg of DOX (2 biweekly intraperitoneal injections (ip), for 3 weeks). One week (1W) or 5 months (5M) after the last DOX administration, the heart was collected. One week after DOX, a significant increase in p62, tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) 2, glutathione peroxidase 1, catalase, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) cardiac expression, and a trend towards an increase in interleukin (IL)-6, TNFR1, and B-cell lymphoma 2 associated X (Bax) expression was observed. Moreover, DOX induced a decrease on nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) cardiac expression. In both 1W and 5M, DOX led to a high density of infiltrating M1 macrophages, but only the 1W-DOX group had a significantly higher number of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65 immunopositive cells. As late effects (5M), an increase in Nrf2, myeloperoxidase, IL-33, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) expression, and a trend towards increased catalase expression were observed. Moreover, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and carbonylated proteins expression decreased, and a trend towards decreased p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) expression were seen. Our study demonstrated that DOX induces adverse outcome pathways related to inflammation and oxidative stress, although activating different time-dependent response mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Reis-Mendes
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Mariana Ferreira
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Isabel Padrão
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Alberto Duarte
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- 1H-TOXRUN-Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Margarida Duarte-Araújo
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Immuno-Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Remião
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Félix Carvalho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Emília Sousa
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Lourdes Bastos
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vera Marisa Costa
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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Xie T, Brouwer RW, van den Akker-Scheek I, van der Veen HC. Clinical relevance of joint line obliquity after high tibial osteotomy for medial knee osteoarthritis remains controversial: a systematic review. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2023; 31:4355-4367. [PMID: 37340220 PMCID: PMC10471655 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-023-07486-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To systematically review the literature on the association between knee joint line obliquity (KJLO) and clinical outcome after high tibial osteotomy (HTO) for medial knee osteoarthritis and summarize the KJLO cut-off value used when studying this association. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) on September 2022, updated on February 2023. Eligible studies describing postoperative KJLO in relation to clinical outcome after HTO for medial knee osteoarthritis were included. Nonpatient studies and conference abstracts without full-text were excluded. Two independent reviewers assessed title, abstract and full-text based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The modified Downs and Black checklist was used to assess the methodological quality of each included study. RESULTS Of the seventeen studies included, three had good methodological quality, thirteen fair quality, and one had poor quality. Conflicting findings were shown on the associations between postoperative KJLO and patient-reported outcome, medial knee cartilage regeneration, and 10-year surgical survival in sixteen studies. Three good-quality studies found no significant differences in lateral knee cartilage degeneration between postoperative medial proximal tibial angle > 95° and < 95°. Joint line orientation angles by the tibial plateau of 4° and 6°, joint line orientation angle by the middle knee joint space of 5°, medial proximal tibial angles of 95° and 98°, and Mikulicz joint line angle of 94° were KJLO cut-off values used in the included studies. CONCLUSION Based on current evidence, the actual association between postoperative KJLO and clinical consequences after HTO for medial knee osteoarthritis cannot be ascertained. The clinical relevance of KJLO after HTO remains controversial. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshun Xie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Reinoud W Brouwer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Martini Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Inge van den Akker-Scheek
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hugo C van der Veen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Chang SH, Giong HK, Kim DY, Kim S, Oh S, Yun UJ, Lee JS, Park KW. Activation of Nrf2 by sulfuretin stimulates chondrocyte differentiation and increases bone lengths in zebrafish. BMB Rep 2023; 56:496-501. [PMID: 37748761 PMCID: PMC10547967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Elongation of most bones occur at the growth plate through endochondral ossification in postnatal mammals. The maturation of chondrocyte is a crucial factor in longitudinal bone growth, which is regulated by a complex network of paracrine and endocrine signaling pathways. Here, we show that a phytochemical sulfuretin can stimulate hypertrophic chondrocyte differentiation in vitro and in vivo. We found that sulfuretin stabilized nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), stimulated its transcriptional activity, and induced expression of its target genes. Sulfuretin treatment resulted in an increase in body length of zebrafish larvae and induced the expression of chondrocyte markers. Consistently, a clinically available Nrf2 activator, dimethyl fumarate (DMF), induced the expression of hypertrophic chondrocyte markers and increased the body length of zebrafish. Importantly, we found that chondrocyte gene expression in cell culture and skeletal growth in zebrafish stimulated by sulfuretin were significantly abrogated by Nrf2 depletion, suggesting that such stimulatory effects of sulfuretin were dependent on Nrf2, at least in part. Taken together, these data show that sulfuretin has a potential use as supporting ingredients for enhancing bone growth. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(9): 496-501].
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Hyuk Chang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Hoi-Khoanh Giong
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- KRIBB School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Da-Young Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Suji Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Seungjun Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Ui Jeong Yun
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, School of Living and Environmental Engineering, Dongyang Mirae University, Seoul 08221, Korea
| | - Jeong-Soo Lee
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- KRIBB School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Kye Won Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
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Yagishita Y, Chartoumpekis DV, Kensler TW, Wakabayashi N. NRF2 and the Moirai: Life and Death Decisions on Cell Fates. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 38:684-708. [PMID: 36509429 PMCID: PMC10025849 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Significance: The transcription factor NRF2 (NF-E2-related factor 2) plays an important role as a master regulator of the cellular defense system by activating transcriptional programs of NRF2 target genes encoding multiple enzymes related to cellular redox balance and xenobiotic detoxication. Comprehensive transcriptional analyses continue to reveal an ever-broadening range of NRF2 target genes, demonstrating the sophistication and diversification of NRF2 biological signatures beyond its canonical cytoprotective roles. Recent Advances: Accumulating evidence indicates that NRF2 has a strong association with the regulation of cell fates by influencing key processes of cellular transitions in the three major phases of the life cycle of the cell (i.e., cell birth, cell differentiation, and cell death). The molecular integration of NRF2 signaling into this regulatory program occurs through a wide range of NRF2 target genes encompassing canonical functions and those manipulating cell fate pathways. Critical Issues: A singular focus on NRF2 signaling for dissecting its actions limits in-depth understanding of its intersection with the molecular machinery of cell fate determinations. Compensatory responses of downstream pathways governed by NRF2 executed by a variety of transcription factors and multifactorial signaling crosstalk require further exploration. Future Directions: Further investigations using optimized in vivo models and active engagement of overarching approaches to probe the interplay of widespread pathways are needed to study the properties and capabilities of NRF2 signaling as a part of a large network within the cell fate regulatory domain. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 38, 684-708.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Yagishita
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Dionysios V Chartoumpekis
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas W Kensler
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Nobunao Wakabayashi
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Evans LAE, Pitsillides AA. Structural clues to articular calcified cartilage function: A descriptive review of this crucial interface tissue. J Anat 2022; 241:875-895. [PMID: 35866709 PMCID: PMC9482704 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular calcified cartilage (ACC) has been dismissed, by some, as a remnant of endochondral ossification without functional relevance to joint articulation or weight-bearing. Recent research indicates that morphologic and metabolic ACC features may be important, reflecting knee joint osteoarthritis (OA) predisposition. ACC is less investigated than neighbouring joint tissues, with its component chondrocytes and mineralised matrix often being either ignored or integrated into analyses of hyaline articular cartilage and subchondral bone tissue respectively. Anatomical variation in ACC is recognised between species, individuals and age groups, but the selective pressures underlying this variation are unknown. Consequently, optimal ACC biomechanical features are also unknown as are any potential locomotory roles. This review collates descriptions of ACC anatomy and biology in health and disease, with a view to revealing its structure/function relationship and highlighting potential future research avenues. Mouse models of healthy and OA joint ageing have shown disparities in ACC load-induced deformations at the knee joint. This raises the hypothesis that ACC response to locomotor forces over time may influence, or even underlie, the bony and hyaline cartilage symptoms characteristic of OA. To effectively investigate the ACC, greater resolution of joint imaging and merging of hierarchical scale data will be required. An appreciation of OA as a 'whole joint disease' is expanding, as is the possibility that the ACC may be a key player in healthy ageing and in the transition to OA joint pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucinda A. E. Evans
- Department of Comparative Biomedical SciencesRoyal Veterinary College, University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Andrew A. Pitsillides
- Department of Comparative Biomedical SciencesRoyal Veterinary College, University of LondonLondonUK
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Hephzibah Cathryn R, Udhaya Kumar S, Younes S, Zayed H, George Priya Doss C. A review of bioinformatics tools and web servers in different microarray platforms used in cancer research. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2022; 131:85-164. [PMID: 35871897 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, conventional lab work strategies have gradually shifted from being limited to a laboratory setting towards a bioinformatics era to help manage and process the vast amounts of data generated by omics technologies. The present work outlines the latest contributions of bioinformatics in analyzing microarray data and their application to cancer. We dissect different microarray platforms and their use in gene expression in cancer models. We highlight how computational advances empowered the microarray technology in gene expression analysis. The study on protein-protein interaction databases classified into primary, derived, meta-database, and prediction databases describes the strategies to curate and predict novel interaction networks in silico. In addition, we summarize the areas of bioinformatics where neural graph networks are currently being used, such as protein functions, protein interaction prediction, and in silico drug discovery and development. We also discuss the role of deep learning as a potential tool in the prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. Integrating these resources efficiently, practically, and ethically is likely to be the most challenging task for the healthcare industry over the next decade; however, we believe that it is achievable in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hephzibah Cathryn
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - S Udhaya Kumar
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Salma Younes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, Qatar University, QU Health, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, Qatar University, QU Health, Doha, Qatar
| | - C George Priya Doss
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India.
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Wang D, Wang C, Hao X, Carter G, Carter R, Welch WJ, Wilcox CS. Activation of Nrf2 in Mice Causes Early Microvascular Cyclooxygenase-Dependent Oxidative Stress and Enhanced Contractility. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050845. [PMID: 35624708 PMCID: PMC9137799 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcribes antioxidant genes that reduce the blood pressure (BP), yet its activation with tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) in mice infused with angiotensin II (Ang II) increased mean arterial pressure (MAP) over the first 4 days of the infusion. Since tBHQ enhanced cyclooxygenase (COX) 2 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), we tested the hypothesis that tBHQ administration during an ongoing Ang II infusion causes an early increase in microvascular COX-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) and contractility. Mesenteric microarteriolar contractility was assessed on a myograph, and ROS by RatioMaster™. Three days of oral tBHQ administration during the infusion of Ang II increased the mesenteric microarteriolar mRNA for p47phox, the endothelin type A receptor and thromboxane A2 synthase, and increased the excretion of 8-isoprostane F2α and the microarteriolar ROS and contractions to a thromboxane A2 (TxA2) agonist (U-46,619) and endothelin 1 (ET1). These were all prevented in Nrf2 knockout mice. Moreover, the increases in ROS and contractility were prevented in COX1 knockout mice with blockade of COX2 and by blockade of thromboxane prostanoid receptors (TPRs). In conclusion, the activation of Nrf2 over 3 days of Ang II infusion enhances microarteriolar ROS and contractility, which are dependent on COX1, COX2 and TPRs. Therefore, the blockade of these pathways may diminish the early adverse cardiovascular disease events that have been recorded during the initiation of Nrf2 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Hypertension Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Cheng Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Xueqin Hao
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Gabriela Carter
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Hypertension Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Rafaela Carter
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Hypertension Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - William J Welch
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Hypertension Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Christopher S Wilcox
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Hypertension Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA
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Hernández-Cruz EY, Silva-Islas CA, Maldonado PD, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Carballo-Villalobos AI. The antinociceptive effect of garlic, garlic preparations, and derivative compounds. Eur J Pain 2022; 26:947-964. [PMID: 35263014 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The antinociceptive effects of garlic have shown promise in treating different chronic diseases in humans, such as knee osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and peripheral arterial occlusive disease stage II. The most common garlic products are garlic powder (dried garlic), steam distilled garlic oils, garlic oil macerate, and aged garlic extract. These commercial products contain organosulfur compounds (OSC) that have been extensively evaluated in preclinical models and some clinical assays to treat different diseases against pain. In this review, we describe the importance of some bioactive compounds found in garlic and its role in treating pain. A systematic search of the literature in Dimensions, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science was performed. Terms and preselected keywords relating to garlic, its derivates and organusulfur compunds in pain, were used to perform a systematic literature search. Two independent reviewers screened papers for inclusion and assessed the methodological quality. The antinociceptive activity of garlic and its OSC is related to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which may be explained by the ability to block the synthesis of PGs, pro-inflammatory cytokines and interferon-γ, by the reduction COX- 2 activity and by increases the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Besides, garlic extract is an activator of TRPA1 and TRPV1, where the principal responsible for this activation are OSC. The relationship between these pathways allows a better understanding how garlic and its derivates could be carrying out its pharmacological action over the management of acute and chronic pain and provide a base by further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefani Yaquelin Hernández-Cruz
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), CDMX, 04510, México.,Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, CDMX, 04510, México
| | - Carlos Alfredo Silva-Islas
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, CDMX, 14269, México
| | - Perla D Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, CDMX, 14269, México
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), CDMX, 04510, México
| | - Azucena Ibeth Carballo-Villalobos
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Nuclear, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), CDMX, 04510, México
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Jin Y, Li Z, Wu Y, Li H, Liu Z, Liu L, Ouyang N, Zhou T, Fang B, Xia L. Aberrant Fluid Shear Stress Contributes to Articular Cartilage Pathogenesis via Epigenetic Regulation of ZBTB20 by H3K4me3. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:6067-6083. [PMID: 34824542 PMCID: PMC8610757 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s339382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disease for human beings, characterized by severe inflammation, cartilage degradation, and subchondral bone destruction. However, current therapies are limited to relieving pain or joint replacement and no effective treatment methods have been discovered to improve degenerative changes. Currently, a variety of evidences have indicated that aberrant mechanical stimuli is closely associated with articular joint pathogenesis, while the detailed underlying mechanism remains unelucidated. In the present study, we determined to investigate the impact of excessive high fluid shear stress (FSS) on primary chondrocytes and the underlying epigenetic mechanisms. Materials and Methods Phalloidin staining and EdU staining were used to evaluate cell morphology and viability. The mRNA level and protein level of genes were determined by qPCR, Western blot assay, and immunofluorescence staining. Mechanistic investigation was performed through RNA-sequencing and CUT&Tag sequencing. In vivo, we adopted unilateral anterior crossbites (UAC) mice model to investigate the expression of H3K4me3 and ZBTB20 in aberrant force-related cartilage pathogenesis. Results The results demonstrated that FSS greatly disrupts cell morphology and significantly decreased chondrocyte viability. Aberrant FSS induces remarkable inflammatory mediators production, leading to cartilage degeneration and degradation. In depth mechanistic study showed that FSS results in more than 10-fold upregulation of H3K4me3, and the modulatory effect of H3K4me3 on cartilage was obtained by directly targeting ZBTB20. Furthermore, Wnt signaling was strongly activated in high FSS-induced OA pathogenesis, and the negative impact of ZBTB20 on chondrocytes was also achieved through activating Wnt signaling pathway. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of H3K4me3 activation by MM-102 or treatment with Wnt pathway inhibitor LF3 could effectively alleviate the destructive effect of FSS on chondrocytes. In vivo UAC mice model validated the dysregulation of H3K4me3 and ZBTB20 in aberrant force-induced cartilage pathogenesis. Conclusion Through the combination of in vitro FSS model and in vivo UAC model, KMT2B-H3K4me3-ZBTB20 axis was first identified in aberrant FSS-induced cartilage pathogenesis, which may provide evidences for epigenetic-based therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenxia Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanran Wu
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Hairui Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningjuan Ouyang
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Fang
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Lunguo Xia
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
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11
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Ren K, Ke X, Chen Z, Zhao Y, He L, Yu P, Xing J, Luo J, Xie J, Li J. Zwitterionic polymer modified xanthan gum with collagen II-binding capability for lubrication improvement and ROS scavenging. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 274:118672. [PMID: 34702446 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
High friction of damaged cartilage requires long-acting lubricated additive, which can also effectively scavenge reactive oxidative species (ROS) produced by mechanically stimulated chondrocytes. In this study, xanthan gum (XG) was grafted by poly (sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PSBMA) (the [XG]/[SBMA] molar ratio is 1:5 or 1:10), forming nanoparticles and then conjugated with collagen II-binding peptide, finally obtaining CBPXGSB1/5 or CBPXGSB1/10. Therein, the CBPXGSB1/5 was chosen as optimal lubricated additive. The results show that hydrated effect of PSBMA side chains endows CBPXGSB1/5 with favorable lubrication property (COF is 0.063). Furthermore, the CBPXGSB1/5 combining lubrication property and specific binding capability together may achieve the long-acting lubrication for injured cartilage in medical field. The CBPXGSB1/5 also possesses antioxidation verified by DPPH assay and exhibits synergistically enhanced ROS (OH, O2- and H2O2) scavenging. Besides, cytotoxicity experiment demonstrates that CBPXGSB1/5 has good biocompatibility. Therefore, multifunctional CBPXGSB1/5 developed here may have promising application potential in osteoarthritis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ren
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Xiang Ke
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Zhu Chen
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Yao Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Lu He
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Peng Yu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Xing
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Jun Luo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Jing Xie
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China.
| | - Jianshu Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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12
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Vandeweerd JM, Innocenti B, Rocasalbas G, Gautier SE, Douette P, Hermitte L, Hontoir F, Chausson M. Non-clinical assessment of lubrication and free radical scavenging of an innovative non-animal carboxymethyl chitosan biomaterial for viscosupplementation: An in-vitro and ex-vivo study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256770. [PMID: 34634053 PMCID: PMC8504732 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lubrication and free radical scavenging are key features of biomaterials used for viscosupplementation (VS) of joints affected by osteoarthritis (OA). The objective of this study was to describe the non-clinical performance characterization of KiOmedine® CM-Chitosan, a non-animal carboxymethyl chitosan, in order to assess its intended action in VS and to compare it to existing viscosupplements based on crosslinked hyaluronan (HA) formulations. METHOD The lubrication capacity of the tested viscosupplements (VS) was evaluated in-vitro and ex-vivo. In-vitro, the coefficient of friction (COF) was measured using a novel tribological system. Meanwhile, an ex-vivo biomechanical model in ovine hindlimbs was developed to assess the recovery of join mobility after an intra-articular (IA) injection. Free radical scavenging capacity of HA and KiOmedine® CM-Chitosan formulations was evaluated using the Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) assay. RESULTS In the in-vitro tribological model, KiOmedine® CM-Chitosan showed high lubrication capacity with a significant COF reduction than crosslinked HA formulations. In the ex-vivo model, the lubrication effect of KiOmedine® CM-Chitosan following an IA injection in the injured knee was proven again by a COF reduction. The recovery of joint motion was optimal with an IA injection of 3 ml of KiOmedine® CM-Chitosan, which was significantly better than the crosslinked HA formulation at the same volume. In the in-vitro TEAC assay, KiOmedine® CM-Chitosan showed a significantly higher free radical scavenging capacity than HA formulations. CONCLUSION Overall, the results provide a first insight into the mechanism of action in terms of lubrication and free radical scavenging for the use of KiOmedine® CM-Chitosan as a VS treatment of OA. KiOmedine® CM-Chitosan demonstrated a higher capacity to scavenge free radicals, and it showed a higher recovery of mobility after a knee lesion than crosslinked HA formulations. This difference could be explained by the difference in chemical structure between KiOmedine® CM-Chitosan and HA and their formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Michel Vandeweerd
- OASIS, Integrated Veterinary Research Unit, Namur Research Institute of Life Sciences (NARILIS), Namur University, Namur, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fanny Hontoir
- OASIS, Integrated Veterinary Research Unit, Namur Research Institute of Life Sciences (NARILIS), Namur University, Namur, Belgium
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13
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Li Y, Yuan Z, Yang H, Zhong H, Peng W, Xie R. Recent Advances in Understanding the Role of Cartilage Lubrication in Osteoarthritis. Molecules 2021; 26:6122. [PMID: 34684706 PMCID: PMC8540456 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The remarkable lubrication properties of normal articular cartilage play an essential role in daily life, providing almost frictionless movements of joints. Alterations of cartilage surface or degradation of biomacromolecules within synovial fluid increase the wear and tear of the cartilage and hence determining the onset of the most common joint disease, osteoarthritis (OA). The irreversible and progressive degradation of articular cartilage is the hallmark of OA. Considering the absence of effective options to treat OA, the mechanosensitivity of chondrocytes has captured attention. As the only embedded cells in cartilage, the metabolism of chondrocytes is essential in maintaining homeostasis of cartilage, which triggers motivations to understand what is behind the low friction of cartilage and develop biolubrication-based strategies to postpone or even possibly heal OA. This review firstly focuses on the mechanism of cartilage lubrication, particularly on boundary lubrication. Then the mechanotransduction (especially shear stress) of chondrocytes is discussed. The following summarizes the recent development of cartilage-inspired biolubricants to highlight the correlation between cartilage lubrication and OA. One might expect that the restoration of cartilage lubrication at the early stage of OA could potentially promote the regeneration of cartilage and reverse its pathology to cure OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Li
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (Y.L.); (H.Y.); (H.Z.)
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Zhongrun Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China;
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (Y.L.); (H.Y.); (H.Z.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Haijian Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (Y.L.); (H.Y.); (H.Z.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Weijie Peng
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (Y.L.); (H.Y.); (H.Z.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Renjian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (Y.L.); (H.Y.); (H.Z.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
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14
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Yang Z, Feng L, Huang J, Zhang X, Lin W, Wang B, Cui L, Lin S, Li G. Asiatic acid protects articular cartilage through promoting chondrogenesis and inhibiting inflammation and hypertrophy in osteoarthritis. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 907:174265. [PMID: 34174266 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Natural small molecules have become attractive in osteoarthritis (OA) treatment. This study aims to investigate the effect of asiatic acid (AA) on OA development in vitro and in vivo. Chondrocytes were pretreated with AA at optimized concentrations and subsequently treated with interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). Inflammatory mediator nitric oxide (NO) was measured by Griess method. The mRNA expression level of inflammatory markers nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox2), as well as chondrogenic or hypertrophic markers including SRY-box transcription factor 9 (Sox9), Aggrecan, Collagen 2a1 (Col II), and Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (Mmp13) were measured by using real-time PCR analysis. The nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling activity was determined by dual luciferase assay and Western blot analysis. Surgery-induced OA animal model was constructed, and AA was administrated to study its effect on OA pathogenesis. AA induced a dose-dependent inhibitory effect up to -67.4% on NO production. AA could repress iNOS and Cox2 protein expression levels (-77.2% and -73.4%, respectively) in IL-1β induced chondrocytes. AA increased the formation of cartilage extracellular matrix components including glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and collagen type II. AA also mRNA expression of chondrogenesis marker including Aggrecan, Sox9, Col II and Fibronectin (402.87%, 151.04%, 314.15% and 187.76%, respectively) as well as hypertrophic marker Mmp13 (-67.8%). AA repressed the chondrocyte inflammation by directly inhibiting NF-κB signaling activity, which was revealed by the inhibition effect of AA on IκBα phosphorylation (-105.4%) and NF-κB/p65 translocation (-60.9%) induced by IL-1β. Furthermore, In vivo OA study indicated the protective effect of AA on OA progression by preventing articular cartilage from degeneration and destruction. AA treatment could significantly reduce OA score (16.125 vs 5.25) and repress mRNA expression level of Mmp13 and Col X (23.5, vs 2.375 and 18.125 vs 94.5). Taken together, our findings suggest that AA could effectively rescue IL-1β induced chondrocytes and protected cartilage in OA progression, which shed light on a potential novel therapeutic strategy of OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengmeng Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Lu Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Jianping Huang
- The Public Service Platform of South China Sea for R & D Marine Biomedicine Resources, Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, PR China
| | - Xiaoting Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Weiping Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Liao Cui
- The Public Service Platform of South China Sea for R & D Marine Biomedicine Resources, Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, PR China
| | - Sien Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; The Public Service Platform of South China Sea for R & D Marine Biomedicine Resources, Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, PR China.
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, SAR, PR China.
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15
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Kaur G, Sharma A, Bhatnagar A. Role of oxidative stress in pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis: insights into NRF2-KEAP1 signalling. Autoimmunity 2021; 54:385-397. [PMID: 34415206 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2021.1963959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is one of the most prevalent, chronic, inflammatory disorders involving multiple articular and extra-articular complications. Immune deregulation owing to a combinatorial network of cells, inflammatory components, degrading enzymes, angiogenetic factors, exhibiting pleiotropy, synergy, or redundancy, is a critical hallmark for synovial inflammatory milieu reasoning clinical heterogeneity and variability of the disease. As a prototype of autoimmune disease, the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis has been linked to oxidative stress. However, the exact mechanism for these potential driving factors contributing to disease inception and perpetuation is yet elusive. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 - Kelch ECH associating protein 1 (Nrf2-Keap1) pathway, controlled via multifactorial regulation, functions as a ubiquitous, evolutionarily conserved intracellular defense mechanism. Nrf2-Keap1 signalling maintains homeostatic responses against a plethora of environmental or endogenous deviations in cellular growth, death, redox metabolism, inflammation, bone remodelling, detoxification, etc. Administration of antioxidants as an add-on pharmacotherapy along with conventional drugs has been elucidated as a better measure for disease management. Some of the most promising natural and synthetic redox-based therapeutic compounds function as either scavengers of reactive species, or inhibitors of their sources, or activators of an endogenous antioxidant system (Nrf2-Keap1). The present review focuses on the binomial "rheumatoid arthritis-oxidative stress", bringing insights into their pathophysiological interrelationships and Nrf2 signalling, as well as the implications of potential diagnostic oxidative stress biomarkers and therapeutic interventions directed for disease management in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Highlights:RA has complex etiopathogenesis, evolving from multiple endogenous and exogenous factors with oxidative stress as a critical pathogenic signature.Oxidative damage and damaged compounds could serve as potent biomarkers for disease diagnosis, therapeutic response, and prognosis.One of the supreme cytoprotective signalling cascades, the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway has been known to elicit a protective effect against RA and various other autoimmune, inflammatory, degenerative disorders.Inclusion of natural and synthetic antioxidants has been encouraged by various studies for additional therapy to conventional drugs for better management of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurjasmine Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Aman Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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16
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Papierska K, Krajka-Kuźniak V, Paluszczak J, Kleszcz R, Skalski M, Studzińska-Sroka E, Baer-Dubowska W. Lichen-Derived Depsides and Depsidones Modulate the Nrf2, NF-κB and STAT3 Signaling Pathways in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164787. [PMID: 34443375 PMCID: PMC8400444 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the possible modulation of Nrf2, NF-ĸB and STAT3 signaling pathways in the colorectal cancer (CRC) cells line DLD-1 and HCT116 by secondary metabolites of lichens. An attempt was made to indicate the most promising targets in these signaling pathways. Attention was also paid to the effects of the compounds tested on CRC cells using anakoinosis-that is, simultaneous analysis of several signaling pathways. The effects of the tested natural compounds on the activity of selected transcriptional factors related to CRC were analyzed by Western blot and RT-PCR assays. The highest activity against CRC cells was shown by physodic and salazinic acids from the studied secondary metabolites of lichens. As a result, an increase in the activation of transcription factor Nrf2 and the expression of its selected target genes was observed. Physodic and salazinic acids induced the opposite effect in relation to the NF-κB and STAT3 pathways. These results confirmed our earlier observations that lichen-derived compounds have the ability to modulate signaling pathway networks. While caperatic acid affected Wnt/β-catenin to the most extent, salazinic acid was the most potent modulator of Nrf2, NF-κB and STAT3 pathways. Physodic acid seemed to affect all the investigated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Papierska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 4 Święcicki Str., 60-781 Poznań, Poland; (K.P.); (J.P.); (R.K.); (M.S.); (W.B.-D.)
| | - Violetta Krajka-Kuźniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 4 Święcicki Str., 60-781 Poznań, Poland; (K.P.); (J.P.); (R.K.); (M.S.); (W.B.-D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-854-66-21
| | - Jarosław Paluszczak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 4 Święcicki Str., 60-781 Poznań, Poland; (K.P.); (J.P.); (R.K.); (M.S.); (W.B.-D.)
| | - Robert Kleszcz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 4 Święcicki Str., 60-781 Poznań, Poland; (K.P.); (J.P.); (R.K.); (M.S.); (W.B.-D.)
| | - Marcin Skalski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 4 Święcicki Str., 60-781 Poznań, Poland; (K.P.); (J.P.); (R.K.); (M.S.); (W.B.-D.)
| | - Elżbieta Studzińska-Sroka
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 4 Święcicki Str., 60-781 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Wanda Baer-Dubowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 4 Święcicki Str., 60-781 Poznań, Poland; (K.P.); (J.P.); (R.K.); (M.S.); (W.B.-D.)
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17
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Hislop BD, Heveran CM, June RK. Development and analytical validation of a finite element model of fluid transport through osteochondral tissue. J Biomech 2021; 123:110497. [PMID: 34048964 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Fluid transport is critical to joint health. In this study we evaluate an unexplored component of joint fluid transport -fluid transport between cartilage and bone. Such transport across the cartilage-bone interface could potentially provide chondrocytes with an additional source of nutrients and signaling molecules. A biphasic viscoelastic model using an ellipsoidal fiber distribution was created with three distinct layers of cartilage (superficial zone, middle zone, and deep zone) along with a layer of subchondral bone. For stress-relaxation in unconfined compression, our results for compressive stress, radial stress, and effective fluid pressure were compared with established biphasic analytical solutions. Our model also shows the development of fluid pressure gradients at the cartilage-bone interface during loading. Fluid pressure gradients that develop at the cartilage-bone interface show consistently higher pressures in cartilage following the initial loading to 10% stain, followed by convergence of the pressures in cartilage and bone during the 400 s relaxation period. These results provide additional evidence that fluid is transported between cartilage and bone during loading and improves upon estimates of the magnitude of this effect through incorporating a realistic distribution and estimate of the collagen ultrastructure. Understanding fluid transport between cartilage and bone may be key to new insights about the mechanical and biological environment of both tissues in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brady D Hislop
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Montana State University, United States
| | - Chelsea M Heveran
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Montana State University, United States
| | - Ronald K June
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Montana State University, United States; Department of Microbiology & Cell Biology, Montana State University, United States; Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, United States.
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18
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Chadha S, Behl T, Kumar A, Khullar G, Arora S. Role of Nrf2 in rheumatoid arthritis. Curr Res Transl Med 2020; 68:171-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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19
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Del Favero G, Kraegeloh A. Integrating Biophysics in Toxicology. Cells 2020; 9:E1282. [PMID: 32455794 PMCID: PMC7290780 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Integration of biophysical stimulation in test systems is established in diverse branches of biomedical sciences including toxicology. This is largely motivated by the need to create novel experimental setups capable of reproducing more closely in vivo physiological conditions. Indeed, we face the need to increase predictive power and experimental output, albeit reducing the use of animals in toxicity testing. In vivo, mechanical stimulation is essential for cellular homeostasis. In vitro, diverse strategies can be used to model this crucial component. The compliance of the extracellular matrix can be tuned by modifying the stiffness or through the deformation of substrates hosting the cells via static or dynamic strain. Moreover, cells can be cultivated under shear stress deriving from the movement of the extracellular fluids. In turn, introduction of physical cues in the cell culture environment modulates differentiation, functional properties, and metabolic competence, thus influencing cellular capability to cope with toxic insults. This review summarizes the state of the art of integration of biophysical stimuli in model systems for toxicity testing, discusses future challenges, and provides perspectives for the further advancement of in vitro cytotoxicity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Del Favero
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38-40, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Core Facility Multimodal Imaging, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna Währinger Straße 38-40, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Annette Kraegeloh
- INM—Leibniz-Institut für Neue Materialien GmbH, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany;
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TBHQ Attenuates Neurotoxicity Induced by Methamphetamine in the VTA through the Nrf2/HO-1 and PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathways. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8787156. [PMID: 32351675 PMCID: PMC7174937 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8787156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) leads to nervous system toxicity. Long-term exposure to METH results in damage to dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), and depression-like behavior is a clinical symptom of this toxicity. The current study was designed to investigate whether the antioxidant tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) can alleviate neurotoxicity through both antioxidative stress and antiapoptotic signaling pathways in the VTA. Rats were randomly divided into a control group, a METH-treated group (METH group), and a METH+TBHQ-treated group (METH+TBHQ group). Intraperitoneal injections of METH at a dose of 10 mg/kg were administered to the rats in the METH and METH+TBHQ groups for one week, and METH was then administered at a dose that increased by 1 mg/kg per week until the sixth week, when the daily dosage reached 15 mg/kg. The rats in the METH+TBHQ group received 12.5 mg/kg TBHQ intragastrically. Chronic exposure to METH resulted in increased immobility times in the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) and led to depression-like behavior. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis levels were increased in the VTA of animals in the METH-treated group. METH downregulated Nrf2, HO-1, PI3K, and AKT, key factors of oxidative stress, and the apoptosis signaling pathway. Moreover, METH increased the caspase-3 immunocontent. These changes were reversed by treatment with the antioxidant TBHQ. The results indicate that TBHQ can enhance Nrf2-induced antioxidative stress and PI3K-induced antiapoptotic effects, which can alleviate METH-induced ROS and apoptosis, and that the crosstalk between Nrf2 and PI3K/AKT is likely the key factor involved in the protective effect of TBHQ against METH-induced chronic nervous system toxicity.
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Yagishita Y, Fahey JW, Dinkova-Kostova AT, Kensler TW. Broccoli or Sulforaphane: Is It the Source or Dose That Matters? Molecules 2019; 24:E3593. [PMID: 31590459 PMCID: PMC6804255 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There is robust epidemiological evidence for the beneficial effects of broccoli consumption on health, many of them clearly mediated by the isothiocyanate sulforaphane. Present in the plant as its precursor, glucoraphanin, sulforaphane is formed through the actions of myrosinase, a β-thioglucosidase present in either the plant tissue or the mammalian microbiome. Since first isolated from broccoli and demonstrated to have cancer chemoprotective properties in rats in the early 1990s, over 3000 publications have described its efficacy in rodent disease models, underlying mechanisms of action or, to date, over 50 clinical trials examining pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and disease mitigation. This review evaluates the current state of knowledge regarding the relationships between formulation (e.g., plants, sprouts, beverages, supplements), bioavailability and efficacy, and the doses of glucoraphanin and/or sulforaphane that have been used in pre-clinical and clinical studies. We pay special attention to the challenges for better integration of animal model and clinical studies, particularly with regard to selection of dose and route of administration. More effort is required to elucidate underlying mechanisms of action and to develop and validate biomarkers of pharmacodynamic action in humans. A sobering lesson is that changes in approach will be required to implement a public health paradigm for dispensing benefit across all spectrums of the global population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Yagishita
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Jed W Fahey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
- Cullman Chemoprotection Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Albena T Dinkova-Kostova
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
- Cullman Chemoprotection Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, Scotland DD1 9SY, UK.
| | - Thomas W Kensler
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
- Cullman Chemoprotection Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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22
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Kilic O, Yoon A, Shah SR, Yong HM, Ruiz-Valls A, Chang H, Panettieri RA, Liggett SB, Quiñones-Hinojosa A, An SS, Levchenko A. A microphysiological model of the bronchial airways reveals the interplay of mechanical and biochemical signals in bronchospasm. Nat Biomed Eng 2019; 3:532-544. [PMID: 31150010 PMCID: PMC6653686 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-019-0366-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In asthma, airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction and the subsequent decrease in airflow involve a poorly understood set of mechanical and biochemical events. Organ-level and molecular-scale models of the airway are frequently based on purely mechanical or biochemical considerations and do not account for physiological mechanochemical couplings. Here, we present a microphysiological model of the airway that allows for the quantitative analysis of the interactions between mechanical and biochemical signals triggered by compressive stress on epithelial cells. We show that a mechanical stimulus mimicking a bronchospastic challenge triggers the marked contraction and delayed relaxation of ASM, and that this is mediated by the discordant expression of cyclooxygenase genes in epithelial cells and regulated by the mechanosensor and transcriptional co-activator YAP (Yes-associated protein). A mathematical model of the intercellular feedback interactions recapitulates aspects of obstructive disease of the airways, including pathognomonic features of severe, difficult-to-treat asthma. The microphysiological model could be used to investigate the mechanisms of asthma pathogenesis and to develop therapeutic strategies that disrupt the positive feedback loop that leads to persistent airway constriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Kilic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Arum Yoon
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sagar R Shah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hwan Mee Yong
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alejandro Ruiz-Valls
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hao Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Reynold A Panettieri
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Stephen B Liggett
- Department of Medical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | | | - Steven S An
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Andre Levchenko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. .,Yale Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA.
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Hosseinzadeh A, Bahrampour Juybari K, Kamarul T, Sharifi AM. Protective effects of atorvastatin on high glucose-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathways in cultured chondrocytes. J Physiol Biochem 2019; 75:153-162. [PMID: 30796627 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-019-00666-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The high glucose concentration is able to disturb chondrocyte homeostasis and contribute to OA pathogenesis. This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of atorvastatin (ATO) on high glucose (HG)-mediated oxidative stress and mitochondrial apoptosis in C28I2 human chondrocytes. The protective effect of ATO (0.01 and 0.1 μM) on HG (75 mM)-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis was evaluated in C28I2 cells. The effects of ATO on HG-induced intracellular ROS production and lipid peroxidation were detected and the protein expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, total and phosphorylated JNK and P38 MAPKs were analyzed by Western blotting. The mRNA expression levels of antioxidant enzymes including heme oxygenase-1, NAD(P)H quinine oxidoreductase, glutathione S-transferase-P1, catalase, superoxide dismutase-1, glutathione peroxidase-1, -3, -4 were evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Pretreatment with ATO remarkably increased the gene expression levels of antioxidant enzymes and reduced HG-induced elevation of ROS, lipid peroxidation, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, caspase-3 activation, and JNK and P38 phosphorylation. Atorvastatin could considerably reduce HG-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial apoptosis through increasing the expression of antioxidant enzymes. Atorvastatin may be considered as a promising agent to prevent high glucose-induced cartilage degradation in OA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kobra Bahrampour Juybari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Tunku Kamarul
- Tissue Engineering Group, (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ali Mohammad Sharifi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Tissue Engineering Group, (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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24
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Staurengo-Ferrari L, Badaro-Garcia S, Hohmann MSN, Manchope MF, Zaninelli TH, Casagrande R, Verri WA. Contribution of Nrf2 Modulation to the Mechanism of Action of Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Drugs in Pre-clinical and Clinical Stages. Front Pharmacol 2019; 9:1536. [PMID: 30687097 PMCID: PMC6337248 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the progress that has occurred in recent years in the development of therapies to treat painful and inflammatory diseases, there is still a need for effective and potent analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs. It has long been known that several types of antioxidants also possess analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, indicating a strong relationship between inflammation and oxidative stress. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of action of anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs, as well as essential targets in disease physiopathology, is essential to the development of novel therapeutic strategies. The Nuclear factor-2 erythroid related factor-2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that regulates cellular redox status through endogenous antioxidant systems with simultaneous anti-inflammatory activity. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms and pharmacological actions screened that link analgesic, anti-inflammatory, natural products, and other therapies to Nrf2 as a regulatory system based on emerging evidences from experimental disease models and new clinical trial data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Staurengo-Ferrari
- Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Stephanie Badaro-Garcia
- Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Miriam S. N. Hohmann
- Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Marília F. Manchope
- Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Tiago H. Zaninelli
- Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A. Verri
- Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
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25
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Del Favero G, Zaharescu R, Marko D. Functional impairment triggered by altertoxin II (ATXII) in intestinal cells in vitro: cross-talk between cytotoxicity and mechanotransduction. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:3535-3547. [PMID: 30276433 PMCID: PMC6290659 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2317-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal cells are able to continuously integrate response to multiple stimuli/stressors; these include the concomitant activation of “chemically driven” pathways, of paramount importance in the response to toxicants, as well as physical stimulation derived from motility. Altertoxin II (ATXII, 0.1, 1 and 10 µM), a mycotoxin produced by the food contaminant fungus Alternaria alternata was studied in HT-29 intestinal adenocarcinoma cells and in non-transformed intestinal epithelial cells, HCEC. One-hour incubation with ATXII was sufficient to trigger irreversible cytotoxicity in both cell types, as well as to modify cellular responses to concomitant pro-oxidant challenge (H2O2, 100–500 µM, DCF-DA assay) suggesting that even relatively short-time exposure of the intestinal cells could be sufficient to alter their functionality. Combination of ATXII (1 µM) with physical stimulation typical of the intestinal compartment (shear stress) revealed differential response of tumor-derived epithelial cells HT-29 in comparison to HCEC, in particular in the localization of the transcription factor Nrf2 (NF-E2-related factor 2). Moreover, ATXII reduced the migratory potential of HCEC as well as their membrane fluidity, but had no respective impact on HT-29 cells. Taken together, ATXII appeared to alter predominantly membrane functionality in HCEC thus hampering crucial functions for cellular motility/turnover, as well as barrier function of healthy intestinal cells and had very limited activity on the tumor counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Del Favero
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 38-40, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Ronita Zaharescu
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 38-40, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Doris Marko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 38-40, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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26
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Bao X, Li Z, Liu H, Feng K, Yin F, Li H, Qin J. Stimulation of chondrocytes and chondroinduced mesenchymal stem cells by osteoinduced mesenchymal stem cells under a fluid flow stimulus on an integrated microfluidic device. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:2277-2288. [PMID: 29207069 PMCID: PMC5783459 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the stimulation of osteoinduced mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into chondrogenically predifferentiated MSCs and chondrocytes in a mechanical environment. A novel two‑layer microfluidic chip was used to mimic the interstitial flow in the superficial zones of articular cartilage. The morphology, proliferation rate and the expression of collagen I, collagen II and aggrecan of chondrocytes and chondro‑MSCs were investigated. The results revealed that the cells in the bottom layer were influenced by the top layer's osteoinduced MSCs and the bottom layer's shear flow. The expression of collagen I, which may signify the effect of the shear stress on the dedifferentiation change, was weakened by the stimulation of osteoinduced MSCs on the top layer. The expression of collagen II and aggrecan was increased in the fluidic environment by osteoinduced MSCs. These results indicate that osteoinduced MSCs have a significant effect on the phenotype of chondro‑MSCs and chondrocytes in the fluidic microenvironment. The present study described a simple and promising way to rapidly evaluate cell responses to other cells in a fluidic environment, which may help to better promote the utilization of MSCs and chondrocytes in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanwen Bao
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
| | - Zhongyu Li
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China
| | - Ke Feng
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China
| | - Fangchao Yin
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China
| | - Hongjing Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Qin
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China
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27
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Deng S, Yu K, Jiang W, Li Y, Wang S, Deng Z, Yao Y, Zhang B, Liu G, Liu Y, Lian Z. Over-expression of Toll-like receptor 2 up-regulates heme oxygenase-1 expression and decreases oxidative injury in dairy goats. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2017; 8:3. [PMID: 28078083 PMCID: PMC5223356 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-016-0136-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mastitis, an infection caused by Gram-positive bacteria, produces udder inflammation and oxidative injury in milk-producing mammals. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) is important for host recognition of invading Gram-positive microbes. Over-expression of TLR2 in transgenic dairy goats is a useful model for studying various aspects of infection with Gram-positive bacteria, in vivo. Methods We over-expressed TLR2 in transgenic dairy goats. Pam3CSK4, a component of Gram-positive bacteria, triggered the TLR2 signal pathway by stimulating the monocytes-macrophages from the TLR2-positive transgenic goats, and induced over-expression of activator protein-1 (AP-1), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and inflammation factors downstream of the signal pathway. Results Compared with wild-type controls, measurements of various oxidative stress-related molecules showed that TLR2, when over-expressed in transgenic goat monocytes-macrophages, resulted in weak lipid damage, high level expression of anti-oxidative stress proteins, and significantly increased mRNA levels of transcription factor NF-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) and the downstream gene, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). When Pam3CSK4 was used to stimulate ear tissue in vivo the HO-1 protein of the transgenic goats had a relatively high expression level. Conclusions The results indicate that the oxidative injury in goats over-expressing TLR2 was reduced following Pam3CSK4 stimulation. The underlying mechanism for this reduction was increased expression of the anti-oxidation gene HO-1 by activation of the Nrf2 signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoulong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Kun Yu
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China.,National key Lab of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| | - Wuqi Jiang
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| | - Shuotian Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Deng
- Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA
| | - Yuchang Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 People's Republic of China
| | - Baolu Zhang
- State Oceanic Administration, Beijing, 100860 People's Republic of China
| | - Guoshi Liu
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| | - Yixun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Zhengxing Lian
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China.,National key Lab of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
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Ambrozova N, Ulrichova J, Galandakova A. Models for the study of skin wound healing. The role of Nrf2 and NF-κB. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2017; 161:1-13. [PMID: 28115750 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2016.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nrf2 and NF-κB transcription factors act in wound healing via their anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects or through the immune response. Studying this process is a matter of some importance given the high cost of wound treatment. A major contribution in this regard is being made by models that enable investigation of the involvement of multiple factors in wound healing and testing new curative substances. This literature review was carried out via searches in the PubMed and Web of Science databases up to 2016. It covers skin wound healing, available models for its study (part I), the role of Nrf2 and NF-κB, substances that influence them and whether they can be used as markers (part II). Was found that in vitro assays are used for their availability but a holistic view must be established in vivo. In silico approaches are facilitating assessment of a vast amount of research data. Nfr2 and NF-κB play a crucial and reciprocal role in wound healing. Nrf2 controls repair-associated inflammation and protects against excessive accumulation of ROS while Nf-κB activates the innate immune reaction, proliferation and migration of cells, modulates expression of matrix metalloproteinases, secretion and stability of cytokines and growth factors for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Ambrozova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Ulrichova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Adela Galandakova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
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29
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Insights on Molecular Mechanisms of Chondrocytes Death in Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122146. [PMID: 27999417 PMCID: PMC5187946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint pathology characterized by progressive cartilage degradation. Medical care is mainly based on alleviating pain symptoms. Compelling studies report the presence of empty lacunae and hypocellularity in cartilage with aging and OA progression, suggesting that chondrocyte cell death occurs and participates to OA development. However, the relative contribution of apoptosis per se in OA pathogenesis appears complex to evaluate. Indeed, depending on technical approaches, OA stages, cartilage layers, animal models, as well as in vivo or in vitro experiments, the percentage of apoptosis and cell death types can vary. Apoptosis, chondroptosis, necrosis, and autophagic cell death are described in this review. The question of cell death causality in OA progression is also addressed, as well as the molecular pathways leading to cell death in response to the following inducers: Fas, Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Tumor Necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), leptin, nitric oxide (NO) donors, and mechanical stresses. Furthermore, the protective role of autophagy in chondrocytes is highlighted, as well as its decline during OA progression, enhancing chondrocyte cell death; the transition being mainly controlled by HIF-1α/HIF-2α imbalance. Finally, we have considered whether interfering in chondrocyte apoptosis or promoting autophagy could constitute therapeutic strategies to impede OA progression.
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30
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Chen B, Cao H, Chen L, Yang X, Tian X, Li R, Cheng O. Rifampicin Attenuated Global Cerebral Ischemia Injury via Activating the Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor Pathway. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:273. [PMID: 27965540 PMCID: PMC5126053 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent studies have found that rifampicin has neuroprotective properties in neurodegenerative diseases. However, the exact mechanisms of action remain unclear. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been considered a potential target for neuroprotection. In this study, we examined whether rifampicin exhibits beneficial effects mediated by the Nrf2 pathway after global cerebral ischemia (GCI). Methods: Rats were randomly assigned to four groups that included a sham group and three treatment groups with global ischemia-reperfusion [control, rifampicin, and rifampicin plus brusatol (an inhibitor of Nrf2)]. Rats were subjected to transient GCI induced by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion for 20 min with systemic hypotension by blood withdrawal. The Morris water maze test was performed for neurobehavioral testing, whereas the pathological changes were investigated using HE and TUNEL staining. The protein expression of Nrf2, hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the hippocampus were analyzed by Western blotting. The immunofluorescence staining was used to determine the distribution of Nrf2. Results: Rifampicin treatment significantly improved spatial learning ability compared with the control group, which was consistent with the pathological changes. In addition, rifampicin significantly elevated the nuclear expression of Nrf2, Nrf2 downstream anti-oxidant protein, HO-1 compared with the control group, and it simultaneously downregulated the expression of COX-2 in the hippocampus on day 3 after ischemia-reperfusion. Interestingly, the forenamed effects of rifampicin were abolished by pretreatment with brusatol, a specific inhibitor of Nrf2 activation. Conclusions: Rifampicin exerts neuroprotective effects against global cerebral ischemia, which may be attributed to activation of the Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Department of Neurology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of ChongqingChongqing, China; Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Huimin Cao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China; The Second People's Hospital of Banan DistrictChongqing, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Xuemei Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Oumei Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China
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Carnosol ameliorates monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis by targeting NF-κB and Nrf-2 in primary rat chondrocytes. J Appl Biomed 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Davidson RK, Jupp O, Bao Y, MacGregor AJ, Donell ST, Cassidy A, Clark IM. Can sulforaphane prevent the onset or slow the progression of osteoarthritis? NUTR BULL 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. K. Davidson
- School of Biological Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
| | - O. Jupp
- School of Biological Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
| | - Y. Bao
- Norwich Medical School; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
| | - A. J. MacGregor
- Norwich Medical School; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
| | - S. T. Donell
- Norwich Medical School; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
| | - A. Cassidy
- Norwich Medical School; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
| | - I. M. Clark
- School of Biological Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
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Hill A, Waller KA, Cui Y, Allen JM, Smits P, Zhang LX, Ayturk UM, Hann S, Lessard SG, Zurakowski D, Warman ML, Jay GD. Lubricin restoration in a mouse model of congenital deficiency. Arthritis Rheumatol 2016. [PMID: 26216721 DOI: 10.1002/art.39276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Congenital deficiency of the principal boundary lubricant in cartilage (i.e., lubricin, encoded by the gene PRG4) increases joint friction and causes progressive joint failure. This study was undertaken to determine whether restoring lubricin expression in a mouse model would prevent, delay, or reverse the disease process caused by congenital deficiency. METHODS Using genetically engineered lubricin-deficient mice, we restored gene function before conception or at ages 3 weeks, 2 months, or 6 months after birth. The effect of restoring gene function (i.e., expression of lubricin) on the tibiofemoral patellar joints of mice was evaluated histologically and by ex vivo biomechanical testing. RESULTS Restoring gene function in mice prior to conception prevented joint disease. In 3-week-old mice, restoring gene function improved, but did not normalize, histologic features of the articular cartilage and whole-joint friction. In addition, cyclic loading of the joints produced fewer activated caspase 3-containing chondrocytes when lubricin expression was restored, as compared to that in littermate mice whose gene function was not restored (nonrestored controls). Restoration of lubricin expression in 2-month-old or 6-month-old mice had no beneficial effect on histopathologic cartilage damage, extent of whole-joint friction, or activation of caspase 3 when compared to nonrestored controls. CONCLUSION When boundary lubrication is congenitally deficient and cartilage becomes damaged, the window of opportunity for restoring lubrication and slowing disease progression is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Hill
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kimberly A Waller
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence
| | - Yajun Cui
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Justin M Allen
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Ling X Zhang
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence
| | - Ugur M Ayturk
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Steven Hann
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Matthew L Warman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gregory D Jay
- Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, and Brown University School of Engineering, Providence, Rhode Island
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Suman S, Sharma PK, Rai G, Mishra S, Arora D, Gupta P, Shukla Y. Current perspectives of molecular pathways involved in chronic inflammation-mediated breast cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 472:401-9. [PMID: 26522220 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.10.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation has multifaceted role in cancer progression including initiation, promotion and invasion by affecting the immune surveillance and associated signaling pathways. Inflammation facilitates the over-expression of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors involved in progression of different cancers including breast cancer progression. Deregulation of biological processes such as oxidative stress, angiogenesis, and autophagy elicit favorable immune response towards chronic inflammation. Apart from the role in carcinogenesis, chronic inflammation also favors the emergence of drug resistance clones by inducing the growth of breast cancer stem-like cells. Immunomodulation mediated by cytokines, chemokines and several other growth factors present in the tumor microenvironment regulate chronic inflammatory response and alter crosstalk among various signaling pathways such as NF-κB, Nrf-2, JAK-STAT, Akt and MAPKs involved in the progression of breast cancer. In this review, we focused on cellular and molecular processes involved in chronic inflammation, crosstalk among different signaling pathways and their association in breast cancer pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankar Suman
- Proteomics & Environmental Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-IITR Campus, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Sharma
- Proteomics & Environmental Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-IITR Campus, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Girish Rai
- Proteomics & Environmental Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-IITR Campus, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjay Mishra
- Proteomics & Environmental Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-IITR Campus, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepika Arora
- Proteomics & Environmental Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Bioscience, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prachi Gupta
- Proteomics & Environmental Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-IITR Campus, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yogeshwer Shukla
- Proteomics & Environmental Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-IITR Campus, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Abstract
The term "chondropenia" indicates the early stage of degenerative cartilage disease, and it has been identified by carefully monitoring early-stage osteoarthritis (OA). Not only is it the loss of articular cartilage volume, but it is also a rearrangement of biomechanical, ultrastructural, biochemical and molecular properties typical of healthy cartilage tissue. Diagnosing OA at an early stage or an advanced stage is valuable in terms of clinical and therapeutic outcome. In fact degenerative phenomena are supported by a complex biochemical cascade which unbalances the extracellular matrix homeostasis, closely regulated by chondrocytes. In the first stage an intense inflammatory reaction is triggered: pro-catabolic cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-α triggering matrix metalloproteases and aggrecanase (ADAMT-4 and 5), responsible for the early loss of ultrastructural components, such as type II collagen and aggrecan. In addition nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species modulate the physiopathology of the condral matrix inducing apoptosis of chondrocytes through a mitochondria-dependent pathway. In addition, "Lonely Death": chondrocytes, are confined within a dense, avascular extracellular matrix capsule, and can trigger a genetically induced apoptosis and necrosis. The degenerative process starts from a central point and then spreads in a centrifugal manner in depth and in adjacent areas, eventually covering the whole joint; chondropenia represents a journey from the first clinically detectable time-point until it can be characterized as frank osteoarthritis. Currently, there are no instruments sensitive enough which allow a timely diagnosis of chondropenia. Innovative magnetic resonance imaging techniques, such as T2 mapping, can be effective and a sensitive diagnostic instrument for quantifying cartilage volume and proteoglycan content. However, avant-garde biophysical techniques, such as mechanical indenters, ultrasound and biochemical markers (uCTX-II), are rational and scientific tools applicable to the clinical and therapeutic management of early degenerative cartilage disease. The objective of this review on chondropenia is to present a state of the art and innovative concepts.
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Guan PP, Yu X, Guo JJ, Wang Y, Wang T, Li JY, Konstantopoulos K, Wang ZY, Wang P. By activating matrix metalloproteinase-7, shear stress promotes chondrosarcoma cell motility, invasion and lung colonization. Oncotarget 2015; 6:9140-9159. [PMID: 25823818 PMCID: PMC4496208 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstitial fluid flow and associated shear stress are relevant mechanical signals in cartilage and bone (patho)physiology. However, their effects on chondrosarcoma cell motility, invasion and metastasis have yet to be delineated. Using human SW1353, HS.819.T and CH2879 chondrosarcoma cell lines as model systems, we found that fluid shear stress induces the accumulation of cyclic AMP (cAMP) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), which in turn markedly enhance chondrosarcoma cell motility and invasion via the induction of matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7). Specifically, shear-induced cAMP and IL-1β activate PI3-K, ERK1/2 and p38 signaling pathways, which lead to the synthesis of MMP-7 via transactivating NF-κB and c-Jun in human chondrosarcoma cells. Importantly, MMP-7 upregulation in response to shear stress exposure has the ability to promote lung colonization of chondrosarcomas in vivo. These findings offer a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying MMP-7 activation in shear-stimulated chondrosarcoma cells, and provide insights on designing new therapeutic strategies to interfere with chondrosarcoma invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Pei Guan
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Xin Yu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Jun Guo
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Yi Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
- Neural Plasticity and Repair Unit, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund 22184, Sweden
| | - Konstantinos Konstantopoulos
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States of America
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States of America
- Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, Center of Cancer Nanotechonology Excellence, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States of America
| | - Zhan-You Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Pu Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
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Aboonabi A, Singh I. Chemopreventive role of anthocyanins in atherosclerosis via activation of Nrf2-ARE as an indicator and modulator of redox. Biomed Pharmacother 2015; 72:30-6. [PMID: 26054672 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins have been reported to induce the expression of enzymes involved in both cellular antioxidant defenses and attenuating inflammation-associated pathogenesis. Induction of such enzymes by edible anthocyanin largely accounts for their atherosclerosis chemo-protective activities. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays an essential role in the coordinated induction of those genes encoding redox-responsive and cellular defense antioxidant enzyme termed antioxidant response element (ARE). Current studies have revealed that Nrf2-ARE signaling is involved in attenuating inflammation-associated pathogenesis such as atherosclerosis. Conversely, reduction in Nrf2 signaling leads to enhanced susceptibility to oxidative stress and inflammatory tissue injuries. The activation of Nrf2-ARE might inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory mediator including cyclooxygenase-2, chemokines, cytokines, cell adhesion molecules, and induction nitric oxide synthase. This review highlights the gene expression induced by dietary anthocyanin via Nrf2 signaling on redox-regulated transcription factor in atherosclerosis disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Aboonabi
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Indu Singh
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
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Fluid shear promotes chondrosarcoma cell invasion by activating matrix metalloproteinase 12 via IGF-2 and VEGF signaling pathways. Oncogene 2014; 34:4558-69. [PMID: 25435370 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Interstitial fluid flow in and around the tumor tissue is a physiologically relevant mechanical signal that regulates intracellular signaling pathways throughout the tumor. Yet, the effects of interstitial flow and associated fluid shear stress on the tumor cell function have been largely overlooked. Using in vitro bioengineering models in conjunction with molecular cell biology tools, we found that fluid shear (2 dyn/cm(2)) markedly upregulates matrix metalloproteinase 12 (MMP-12) expression and its activity in human chondrosarcoma cells. MMP-12 expression is induced in human chondrocytes during malignant transformation. However, the signaling pathway regulating MMP-12 expression and its potential role in human chondrosarcoma cell invasion and metastasis have yet to be delineated. We discovered that fluid shear stress induces the synthesis of insulin growth factor-2 (IGF-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) B and D, which in turn transactivate MMP-12 via PI3-K, p38 and JNK signaling pathways. IGF-2-, VEGF-B- or VEGF-D-stimulated chondrosarcoma cells display markedly higher migratory and invasive potentials in vitro, which are blocked by inhibiting MMP-12, PI3-K, p38 or JNK activity. Moreover, recombinant human MMP-12 or MMP-12 overexpression can potentiate chondrosarcoma cell invasion in vitro and the lung colonization in vivo. By reconstructing and delineating the signaling pathway regulating MMP-12 activation, potential therapeutic strategies that interfere with chondrosarcoma cell invasion may be identified.
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No JH, Kim YB, Song YS. Targeting nrf2 signaling to combat chemoresistance. J Cancer Prev 2014; 19:111-7. [PMID: 25337579 PMCID: PMC4204167 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2014.19.2.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that upregulates expression of a battery of genes to combat oxidative and electrophilic stress. Modification of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) by reactive oxygen species stabilizes Nrf2 by escaping from degradation. Nrf2 then binds to antioxidant response elements (AREs) on the promoter region of various genes. Activation of the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway plays critical roles in the chemopreventive effect of various phytochemicals. However, Nrf2 can protect cancer cells from oxidative stress and promote cell proliferation. Moreover, recent studies reveal that activation of the Nrf2 pathway is critical for resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. The aim of this review is to provide a molecular basis for the use of Nrf2 inhibitors in overcoming chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hong No
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yong-Beom Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yong Sang Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea ; Major in Biomodulation, World Class University, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Geismann C, Arlt A, Sebens S, Schäfer H. Cytoprotection "gone astray": Nrf2 and its role in cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2014; 7:1497-518. [PMID: 25210464 PMCID: PMC4155833 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s36624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nrf2 has gained great attention with respect to its pivotal role in cell and tissue protection. Primarily defending cells against metabolic, xenobiotic and oxidative stress, Nrf2 is essential for maintaining tissue integrity. Owing to these functions, Nrf2 is regarded as a promising drug target in the chemoprevention of diseases, including cancer. However, much evidence has accumulated that the beneficial role of Nrf2 in cancer prevention essentially depends on the tight control of its activity. In fact, the deregulation of Nrf2 is a critical determinant in oncogenesis and found in many types of cancer. Therefore, amplified Nrf2 activity has profound effects on the phenotype of tumor cells, including radio/chemoresistance, apoptosis protection, invasiveness, antisenescence, autophagy deficiency, and angiogenicity. The deregulation of Nrf2 can result from various epigenetic and genetic alterations directly affecting Nrf2 control or from the complex interplay of Nrf2 with numerous oncogenic signaling pathways. Additionally, alterations of the cellular environment, eg, during inflammation, contribute to Nrf2 deregulation and its persistent activation. Therefore, the status of Nrf2 as anti- or protumorigenic is defined by many different modalities. A better understanding of these modalities is essential for the safe use of Nrf2 as an activation target for chemoprevention on the one hand and as an inhibition target in cancer therapy on the other. The present review mainly addresses the conditions that promote the oncogenic function of Nrf2 and the resulting consequences providing the rationale for using Nrf2 as a target structure in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Geismann
- Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexander Arlt
- Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Susanne Sebens
- Inflammatory Carcinogenesis Research Group, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Heiner Schäfer
- Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Scharf B, Clement CC, Yodmuang S, Urbanska AM, Suadicani SO, Aphkhazava D, Thi MM, Perino G, Hardin JA, Cobelli N, Vunjak-Novakovic G, Santambrogio L. Age-related carbonylation of fibrocartilage structural proteins drives tissue degenerative modification. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 20:922-34. [PMID: 23890010 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2013.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging-related oxidative stress has been linked to degenerative modifications in different organs and tissues. Using redox proteomic analysis and illustrative tandem mass spectrometry mapping, we demonstrate oxidative posttranslational modifications in structural proteins of intervertebral discs (IVDs) isolated from aging mice. Increased protein carbonylation was associated with protein fragmentation and aggregation. Complementing these findings, a significant loss of elasticity and increased stiffness was measured in fibrocartilage from aging mice. Studies using circular dichroism and intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence revealed a significant loss of secondary and tertiary structures of purified collagens following oxidation. Collagen unfolding and oxidation promoted both nonenzymatic and enzymatic degradation. Importantly, induction of oxidative modification in healthy fibrocartilage recapitulated the biochemical and biophysical modifications observed in the aging IVD. Together, these results suggest that protein carbonylation, glycation, and lipoxidation could be early events in promoting IVD degenerative changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Scharf
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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Su SC, Tanimoto K, Tanne Y, Kunimatsu R, Hirose N, Mitsuyoshi T, Okamoto Y, Tanne K. Celecoxib exerts protective effects on extracellular matrix metabolism of mandibular condylar chondrocytes under excessive mechanical stress. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2014; 22:845-51. [PMID: 24721459 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2014.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Excessive mechanical stress is considered a major cause of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA). High magnitude cyclic tensile strain (CTS) up-regulates pro-inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in chondrocytes, while selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibition has been shown to be beneficial to cytokine-induced cartilage damage. However, the effect of selective COX-2 inhibitors on mechanically stimulated chondrocytes remains unclear. This study evaluated the effect of celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, on extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism of mandibular condylar chondrocytes under CTS. METHODS Porcine mandibular chondrocytes were subjected to CTS of 0.5 Hz, 10% elongation with celecoxib for 24 h. The gene expressions of COX-2, MMPs, aggrecanase (ADAMTS), type II collagen and aggrecan were examined by real-time PCR. Also, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentrations were determined using enzyme immunoassay kit. The levels of MMP and transcription factor NF-κB were measured by western blot while MMP activity was determined by casein zymography. RESULTS The presence of celecoxib normalized the release of PGE2 and diminished the CTS-induced COX-2, MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-9 and ADAMTS-5 gene expressions while recovered the downregulated type II collagen and aggrecan gene expressions. Concurrently, celecoxib showed inhibition of NF-κB and suppression of MMP production and activity. CONCLUSIONS Celecoxib exerts protective effects on mandibular condylar chondrocytes under CTS stimulation by diminishing degradation and restoring synthesis of ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Su
- Department of Orthodontics, Division of Applied Biosciences, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - K Tanimoto
- Department of Orthodontics, Division of Applied Biosciences, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Y Tanne
- Department of Orthodontics, Division of Applied Biosciences, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - R Kunimatsu
- Department of Orthodontics, Division of Applied Biosciences, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - N Hirose
- Department of Orthodontics, Division of Applied Biosciences, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - T Mitsuyoshi
- Department of Orthodontics, Division of Applied Biosciences, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Y Okamoto
- Department of Orthodontics, Division of Applied Biosciences, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - K Tanne
- Department of Orthodontics, Division of Applied Biosciences, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
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Green JA, Hirst-Jones KL, Davidson RK, Jupp O, Bao Y, MacGregor AJ, Donell ST, Cassidy A, Clark IM. The potential for dietary factors to prevent or treat osteoarthritis. Proc Nutr Soc 2014; 73:278-88. [PMID: 24572502 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665113003935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease for which there are no disease-modifying drugs. It is a leading cause of disability in the UK. Increasing age and obesity are both major risk factors for OA and the health and economic burden of this disease will increase in the future. Focusing on compounds from the habitual diet that may prevent the onset or slow the progression of OA is a strategy that has been under-investigated to date. An approach that relies on dietary modification is clearly attractive in terms of risk/benefit and more likely to be implementable at the population level. However, before undertaking a full clinical trial to examine potential efficacy, detailed molecular studies are required in order to optimise the design. This review focuses on potential dietary factors that may reduce the risk or progression of OA, including micronutrients, fatty acids, flavonoids and other phytochemicals. It therefore ignores data coming from classical inflammatory arthritides and nutraceuticals such as glucosamine and chondroitin. In conclusion, diet offers a route by which the health of the joint can be protected and OA incidence or progression decreased. In a chronic disease, with risk factors increasing in the population and with no pharmaceutical cure, an understanding of this will be crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Green
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | | | - Rose K Davidson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Orla Jupp
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Yongping Bao
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | | | - Simon T Donell
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Aedín Cassidy
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Ian M Clark
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
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Gao B, Doan A, Hybertson BM. The clinical potential of influencing Nrf2 signaling in degenerative and immunological disorders. Clin Pharmacol 2014; 6:19-34. [PMID: 24520207 PMCID: PMC3917919 DOI: 10.2147/cpaa.s35078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2; encoded in humans by the NFE2L2 gene) is a transcription factor that regulates the gene expression of a wide variety of cytoprotective phase II detoxification and antioxidant enzymes through a promoter sequence known as the antioxidant-responsive element (ARE). The ARE is a promoter element found in many cytoprotective genes; therefore, Nrf2 plays a pivotal role in the ARE-driven cellular defense system against environmental stresses. Agents that target the ARE/Nrf2 pathway have been tested in a wide variety of disorders, with at least one new Nrf2-activating drug now approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Examination of in vitro and in vivo experimental results, and taking into account recent human clinical trial results, has led to an opinion that Nrf2-activating strategies – which can include drugs, foods, dietary supplements, and exercise – are likely best targeted at disease prevention, disease recurrence prevention, or slowing of disease progression in early stage illnesses; they may also be useful as an interventional strategy. However, this rubric may be viewed even more conservatively in the pathophysiology of cancer. The activation of the Nrf2 pathway has been widely accepted as offering chemoprevention benefit, but it may be unhelpful or even harmful in the setting of established cancers. For example, Nrf2 activation might interfere with chemotherapies or radiotherapies or otherwise give tumor cells additional growth and survival advantages, unless they already possess mutations that fully activate their Nrf2 pathway constitutively. With all this in mind, the ARE/Nrf2 pathway remains of great interest as a possible target for the pharmacological control of degenerative and immunological diseases, both by activation and by inhibition, and its regulation remains a promising biological target for the development of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bifeng Gao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - An Doan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Brooks M Hybertson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Wang P, Guan PP, Wang T, Yu X, Guo JJ, Konstantopoulos K, Wang ZY. Interleukin-1β and cyclic AMP mediate the invasion of sheared chondrosarcoma cells via a matrix metalloproteinase-1-dependent mechanism. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1843:923-33. [PMID: 24472657 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2013] [Revised: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) is a potential biomarker for chondrosarcoma that is overexpressed at the invading edges of articular cartilage, and its expression correlates with poor survival rates. However, the molecular mechanisms of MMP-1 regulation and its potential contribution to chondrosarcoma cell invasion have yet to be elucidated, especially in shear-activated cells. Using molecular biology tools and an in vitro fluid shear model, we report that shear stress upregulates cyclic AMP (cAMP) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) release, which in turn promotes the invasion of chondrosarcoma cells via the induction of MMP-1 in a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-K)- and ERK1/2-dependent manner. Activated PI3-K and ERK1/2 signaling pathways phosphorylate c-Jun, which in turn transactivates MMP-1 in human chondrosarcoma cells. Collectively, fluid shear stress upregulates matrix MMP-1 expression, which is responsible for the enhanced invasion of human chondrosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Pei-Pei Guan
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Xin Yu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Jian-Jun Guo
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Konstantinos Konstantopoulos
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBio Technology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Center of Cancer Nanotechonology Excellence, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Zhan-You Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China.
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Yeh CC, Chang SF, Huang TY, Chang HI, Kuo HC, Wu YC, Hsieh CH, Shi CS, Chen CN. Shear stress modulates macrophage-induced urokinase plasminogen activator expression in human chondrocytes. Arthritis Res Ther 2013; 15:R53. [PMID: 23597113 PMCID: PMC4060380 DOI: 10.1186/ar4215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Synovial macrophages, which can release proinflammatory factors, are responsible for the upregulation of cartilage-breakdown proteases and play critical roles in cartilage degradation during the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). In addition, shear stress exerts multifunctional effects on chondrocytes by inducing the synthesis of catabolic or anabolic genes. However, the interplay of macrophages, chondrocytes, and shear stress during the regulation of cartilage function remains poorly understood. We investigated the mechanisms underlying the modulation of human chondrocyte urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) expression by macrophages and shear stress. Methods Human chondrocytes were stimulated by peripheral blood-macrophage- conditioned medium (PB-MCM), or exposure of chondrocytes cultured in PB-MCM to different levels of shear stress (2 to 20 dyn/cm2). Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze uPA gene expression. Inhibitors and small interfering RNA were used to investigate the mechanism for the effects of PB-MCM and shear stress in chondrocytes. Results Stimulation of human chondrocytes with PB-MCM was found to induce uPA expression. We demonstrated that activation of the JNK and Akt pathways and NF-κB are critical for PB-MCM-induced uPA expression. Blocking assays by using IL-1ra further demonstrated that IL-1β in PB-MCM is the major mediator of uPA expression in chondrocytes. PB-MCM-treated chondrocytes subjected to a lower level of shear stress showed inhibition of MCM-induced JNK and Akt phosphorylation, NF-κB activation, and uPA expression. The PB-MCM-induced uPA expression was suppressed by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) agonist. The inhibitor or siRNA for AMPK abolished the shear-mediated inhibition of uPA expression. Conclusions These data support the hypothesis that uPA upregulation stimulated by macrophages may play an active role in the onset of OA and in the shear-stress protection against this induction.
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Grabias BM, Konstantopoulos K. Notch4-dependent antagonism of canonical TGF-β1 signaling defines unique temporal fluctuations of SMAD3 activity in sheared proximal tubular epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2013; 305:F123-33. [PMID: 23576639 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00594.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is thought to drive fibrogenesis in numerous organ systems. However, we recently established that ectopic expression of TGF-β1 abrogates collagen accumulation via canonical SMAD signaling mechanisms in a shear-induced model of kidney fibrosis. We herein delineate the temporal control of endogenous TGF-β1 signaling that generates sustained synchronous fluctuations in TGF-β1 cascade activation in shear-stimulated proximal tubule epithelial cells (PTECs). During 8-h exposure to physiological shear stress (0.3 dyn/cm²), PTECs experience in situ oscillatory concentrations of active endogenous TGF-β1 that are ~10-fold greater than those detected under higher stress regimes (2-4 dyn/cm²). The elevated levels of intrinsic TGF-β1 maturation observed under physiological conditions are accompanied by persistent downstream SMAD3 activation. Pathological shear stresses (2 dyn/cm²) first elicit temporal variations in phosphorylated SMAD3 with an apparent period of ~6 h, whereas even higher stresses (4 dyn/cm²) abolish SMAD3 activation. These divergent patterns of SMAD3 activation are attributed to varying levels of Notch4-dependent phospho-SMAD3 degradation. Depletion of Notch4 in shear-stimulated PTECs eventually increases the levels of active TGF-β1 protein by approximately fivefold, recovers stable SMAD phosphorylation and ubiquitinated SMAD species, and attenuates collagen accumulation. Collectively, these data establish Notch4 as a critical mediator of shear-induced fibrosis and further reinforce the renoprotective effects of canonical TGF-β1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan M Grabias
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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Zhong W, Tian K, Zheng X, Li L, Zhang W, Wang S, Qin J. Mesenchymal stem cell and chondrocyte fates in a multishear microdevice are regulated by Yes-associated protein. Stem Cells Dev 2013; 22:2083-93. [PMID: 23442010 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2012.0685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical cues exert considerable influence on the fates of stem cells and terminally differentiated chondrocytes. The elucidation of the interactions between cell fate and mechanical cues in nuclear mechanotransduction will provide new clues to modulate tissue homeostasis and regeneration. In this study, we used an integrated microfluidic perfusion device to simultaneously generate multiple-parameter fluid shear stresses to investigate the role of fluid flow stimuli in the regulation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) expression and the fates of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and primary chondrocytes. YAP expression was regulated by the level of fluid flow stimulus in both MSCs and chondrocytes. An increase in the magnitude of stimulation enhanced the expression of YAP, ultimately resulting in an increase in osteogenesis and a decrease in adipogenesis for MSCs, and initiating dedifferentiation for chondrocytes. Cytochalasin D not only repressed nuclear YAP accumulation in the flow state, but also abrogated flow-induced effects on MSC differentiation and the chondrocyte phenotype, resulting in MSC adipogenesis and the maintenance of the chondrocyte phenotype. Our findings reveal the connection between YAP and MSC/chondrocyte fates in a fluid flow-induced mechanical microenvironment and provide new insights into the mechanisms by which mechanical cues regulate the fates of MSCs and chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiliang Zhong
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
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The LINC-anchored actin cap connects the extracellular milieu to the nucleus for ultrafast mechanotransduction. Sci Rep 2013; 3:1087. [PMID: 23336069 PMCID: PMC3548190 DOI: 10.1038/srep01087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells continuously sense and respond to external mechanical forces through their cytoskeleton. Here we show that only a small subset of actin fibers, those forming the perinuclear actin cap that wraps around the nucleus, form in response to low physiological mechanical stresses in adherent fibroblasts. While conventional basal stress fibers form only past a threshold shear stress of 0.5 dyn/cm2, actin-cap fibers are formed at shear stresses 50 times lower and orders-of-magnitude faster than biochemical stimulation. This fast differential response is uniquely mediated by focal adhesion protein zyxin at low shear stress and actomyosin fibers of the actin cap. We identify additional roles for lamin A/C of the nuclear lamina and linkers of nucleus to cytoskeleton (LINC) molecules nesprin2giant and nesprin3, which anchor actin cap fibers to the nucleus. These results suggest an interconnected physical pathway for mechanotransduction, from the extracellular milieu to the nucleus.
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Wang P, Zhu F, Konstantopoulos K. The antagonistic actions of endogenous interleukin-1β and 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 regulate the temporal synthesis of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in sheared chondrocytes. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:31877-93. [PMID: 22829602 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.362731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical overloading of articular cartilage producing hydrostatic stress, tensile strain, and fluid flow results in irreversible cartilage erosion and osteoarthritis (OA). Application of high fluid shear to chondrocytes recapitulates the earmarks of OA as evidenced by the induction of proinflammatory cytokines and prostaglandins, which are capable of inducing the expression of matrix-degrading enzymes. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) synthesis is detected at early but not late stages of OA. However, the underlying mechanism(s) of the MMP-9 temporal regulation remains unknown. Using the T/C-28a2 chondrocyte cell line as a model system, we demonstrated that high fluid shear induces a marked increase in MMP-9 expression at short shear exposure times (3-6 h), which falls below basal levels after prolonged shear exposure (12-48 h). High fluid shear stress induced the rapid and sustained synthesis of IL-1β, activating PI3K, ERK1/2, and JNK, which are in turn responsible for MMP-9 expression. Prolonged shear exposure (>12 h) induced 15-deoxy-Δ(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)) synthesis, which exerted an antagonistic effect on IL-1β-mediated PI3K-, ERK1/2-, and JNK-dependent NF-κB activation, thereby suppressing MMP-9 expression in human chondrocytes. Reconstructing the signaling network that regulates shear-mediated MMP-9 expression in human chondrocytes may provide insights for developing strategies to treat arthritic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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