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Santiago FE, Adige T, Mahmud S, Dong X, Niedernhofer LJ, Robbins PD. miR-96-5p expression is sufficient to induce and maintain the senescent cell fate in the absence of stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2321182121. [PMID: 39325426 PMCID: PMC11459134 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2321182121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Senescence is a cell fate driven by different types of stress that results in exit from the cell cycle and expression of an inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Here, we demonstrate that stable overexpression of miR-96-5p was sufficient to induce cellular senescence in the absence of genotoxic stress, inducing expression of certain markers of early senescence including SASP factors while repressing markers of deep senescence including LINE-1 and type 1 interferons. Stable miR-96-5p overexpression led to genome-wide changes in heterochromatin followed by epigenetic activation of p16Ink4a, p21Cip1, and SASP expression, induction of a marker of DNA damage, and induction of a transcriptional signature similar to other senescent lung and endothelial cell types. Expression of miR-96-5p significantly increased following senescence induction in culture cells and with aging in tissues from naturally aged and Ercc1-/Δ progeroid mice. Mechanistically, miR-96-5p directly suppressed expression of SIN3B and SIN3 corepressor complex constituents KDM5A and MORF4L2, and siRNA-mediated knockdown of these transcriptional regulators recapitulated the senescent phenotype. In addition, pharmacologic inhibition of the SIN3 complex suppressed senescence and SASP markers. These results clearly demonstrate that a single microRNA is sufficient to drive early senescence in the absence of genotoxic stress through targeting epigenetic and transcriptional regulators, identifying novel targets for the development of senotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando E Santiago
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, MN 55455
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, MN 55455
| | - Tanvi Adige
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, MN 55455
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, MN 55455
| | - Shamsed Mahmud
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, MN 55455
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minnesota MN 55455
| | - Xiao Dong
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, MN 55455
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minnesota MN 55455
| | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, MN 55455
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, MN 55455
| | - Paul D Robbins
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, MN 55455
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, MN 55455
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2
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Kulkarni P, Basu R, Bonn T, Low B, Mazurek N, Kopchick JJ. Growth Hormone Upregulates Melanoma Drug Resistance and Migration via Melanoma-Derived Exosomes. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2636. [PMID: 39123364 PMCID: PMC11311539 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16152636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance in melanoma is a major hindrance in cancer therapy. Growth hormone (GH) plays a pivotal role in contributing to the resistance to chemotherapy. Knocking down or blocking the GH receptor has been shown to sensitize the tumor cells to chemotherapy. Extensive studies have demonstrated that exosomes, a subset of extracellular vesicles, play an important role in drug resistance by transferring key factors to sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy. In this study, we explore how GH modulates exosomal cargoes from melanoma cells and their role in drug resistance. We treated the melanoma cells with GH, doxorubicin, and the GHR antagonist, pegvisomant, and analyzed the exosomes released. Additionally, we administered these exosomes to the recipient cells. The GH-treated melanoma cells released exosomes with elevated levels of ABC transporters (ABCC1 and ABCB1), N-cadherin, and MMP2, enhancing drug resistance and migration in the recipient cells. GHR antagonism reduced these exosomal levels, restoring drug sensitivity and attenuating migration. Overall, our findings highlight a novel role of GH in modulating exosomal cargoes that drive chemoresistance and metastasis in melanoma. This understanding provides insights into the mechanisms of GH in melanoma chemoresistance and suggests GHR antagonism as a potential therapy to overcome chemoresistance in melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prateek Kulkarni
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; (P.K.); (R.B.); (T.B.); (B.L.); (N.M.)
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Reetobrata Basu
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; (P.K.); (R.B.); (T.B.); (B.L.); (N.M.)
| | - Taylor Bonn
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; (P.K.); (R.B.); (T.B.); (B.L.); (N.M.)
- Department of Nutrition, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Beckham Low
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; (P.K.); (R.B.); (T.B.); (B.L.); (N.M.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Nathaniel Mazurek
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; (P.K.); (R.B.); (T.B.); (B.L.); (N.M.)
- Environmental and Plant Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - John J. Kopchick
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; (P.K.); (R.B.); (T.B.); (B.L.); (N.M.)
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
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3
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Kang CW, Oh JH, Wang EK, Bao Y, Kim YB, Lee MH, Lee YJ, Jo YS, Ku CR, Lee EJ. Excess endocrine growth hormone in acromegaly promotes the aggressiveness and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer. iScience 2024; 27:110137. [PMID: 39006481 PMCID: PMC11246000 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Pituitary adenoma-induced excess endocrine growth hormone (GH) secretion can lead to breast cancer development and metastasis. Herein, we used an acromegaly mouse model to investigate the role of excess endocrine GH on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) growth and metastasis. Additionally, we aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism of transcription factor 20 (TCF20)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling-mediated aggressiveness and metastasis of TNBC. Excess endocrine GH induced TCF20 activates the transcription of NRF2 and NRF2-target genes to facilitate TNBC metastasis. Inhibition of GH receptor (GHR) and TCF20 activity using the GHR antagonist or small-interfering RNA-induced gene knockdown resulted in reduced tumor volume and metastasis, suggesting that excess endocrine GH stimulates TCF20/NRF2 pathways in TNBC and promotes metastasis to the lung. GHR inhibitors present an effective therapeutic strategy to prevent TNBC cell growth and metastasis. Our findings revealed functional and mechanistic roles of the GH-TCF20-NRF2 signaling axis in TBNC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Woo Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju Hun Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yaru Bao
- Department of Internal Medicine Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ye Bin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Ho Lee
- University of Medicine and Health Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yang Jong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Seok Jo
- Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Cheol Ryong Ku
- Department of Internal Medicine Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Jig Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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4
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Hussen BM, Eslami S. Identification of miR-125a and miR-106b signature as a potential diagnostic biomarker in breast cancer tissues. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 256:155277. [PMID: 38579577 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have essential roles in the etiology of breast cancer and are regarded as possible markers in this malignancy. In order to find new markers for breast cancer, the current study has measured expression level of four miRNAs, namely miR-125a, miR-106b, miR-96 and miR-92a-3p in the paired breast samples. Expression levels of miR-125a and miR-106b were higher in tumoral tissues compared with control tissues (Expression ratios (95% CI) = 4.01 (1.96-8.19) and 3.9 (1.95-7.81); P values = 0.0005 and 0.0003, respectively). miR-106b and miR-125a differentiated between malignant and non-malignant tissues with AUC values of 0.7 and 0.67, respectively. We detected association between expression of miR-106b and clinical stage (P = 0.03), in a way that its expression was the lowest in the advanced stages. Finally, significant relationships were found between miR-96 and miR-125a in both tumoral and non-tumoral specimens (ρ = 0.76 and 0.69, respectively). This nonparametric measure of rank correlation also showed relationship between miR-106b and miR-96 in both sets of samples (ρ = 0.63 and 0.61, respectively). Cumulatively, the assessed miRNAs, particularly miR-125a and miR-106b are putative targets for further expression and functional assays in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq; Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
| | - Solat Eslami
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Islamic Republic of Iran; Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Islamic Republic of Iran
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5
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Zheng Y, Sukocheva O, Tse E, Neganova M, Aleksandrova Y, Zhao R, Chubarev V, Fan R, Liu J. MicroRNA-183 cluster: a promising biomarker and therapeutic target in gastrointestinal malignancies. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:6147-6175. [PMID: 38187051 PMCID: PMC10767355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Small non-coding RNAs (microRNA, miR), powerful epigenetic regulators, were found involved in the regulation of most biological functions via post-translational inhibition of protein expression. Increased expression of pro-oncogenic miRs (known as miR cancer biomarkers) and inhibition of pro-apoptotic miR expression have been demonstrated in different tumors. The recently identified miR-183 was found implicated in gastrointestinal tumor metabolism regulation. Elevated miR-183 expression and cancer-promoting effects were reported in esophageal and colorectal cancers, which was partially contradicted by controversial data observed in gastric cancers. Anti-cancer effect of miR-183 in gastric cancer cells was associated with the Bim-1 and Ezrin genes regulation. Many studies indicated that miR-183 can inhibit tumor suppressor genes in most cell lines, promoting tumor cell proliferation and migration. Increased miR-183 level results in the downregulation of FOXO1, PDCD4, and other tumor suppressor genes in gastrointestinal tumor cells. MiR-183 also influences the signaling of PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Wnt/β-catenin, and Bcl-2/p53 signaling pathways. Mir-183 inhibits apoptosis and autophagy, and promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cancer cell proliferation, and migration. Accordingly, gastrointestinal cancer occurrence, development of chemoradiotherapy resistance, recurrence/metastasis, and prognosis were associated with miR-183 expression. The current study assessed reported miR-183 functions and signaling, providing new insights for the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Olga Sukocheva
- Department of Hepatology, Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Edmund Tse
- Department of Hepatology, Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Margarita Neganova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of SciencesSevernij Pr. 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of SciencesAkad. Arbuzov St. 8, Kazan 420088, Russia
| | - Yulia Aleksandrova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of SciencesSevernij Pr. 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of SciencesAkad. Arbuzov St. 8, Kazan 420088, Russia
| | - Ruiwen Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Vladimir Chubarev
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Ruitai Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Junqi Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
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6
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Apaydin T, Zonis S, Zhou C, Valencia CW, Barrett R, Strous GJ, Mol JA, Chesnokova V, Melmed S. WIP1 is a novel specific target for growth hormone action. iScience 2023; 26:108117. [PMID: 37876819 PMCID: PMC10590974 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA damage repair (DDR) is mediated by phosphorylating effectors ATM kinase, CHK2, p53, and γH2AX. We showed earlier that GH suppresses DDR by suppressing pATM, resulting in DNA damage accumulation. Here, we show GH acting through GH receptor (GHR) inducing wild-type p53-inducible phosphatase 1 (WIP1), which dephosphorylated ATM and its effectors in normal human colon cells and three-dimensional human intestinal organoids. Mice bearing GH-secreting xenografts exhibited induced colon WIP1 with suppressed pATM and γH2AX. WIP1 was also induced in buffy coats derived from patients with elevated GH from somatotroph adenomas. In contrast, decreased colon WIP1 was observed in GHR-/- mice. WIP1 inhibition restored ATM phosphorylation and reversed GH-induced DNA damage. We elucidated a novel GH signaling pathway activating Src/AMPK to trigger HIPK2 nuclear-cytoplasmic relocation and suppressing WIP1 ubiquitination. Concordantly, blocking either AMPK or Src abolished GH-induced WIP1. We identify WIP1 as a specific target for GH-mediated epithelial DNA damage accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugce Apaydin
- Department of Medicine, Pituitary Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Svetlana Zonis
- Department of Medicine, Pituitary Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cuiqi Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Pituitary Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christian Wong Valencia
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Robert Barrett
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ger J. Strous
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan A. Mol
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Vera Chesnokova
- Department of Medicine, Pituitary Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shlomo Melmed
- Department of Medicine, Pituitary Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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7
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Madrigal T, Ortega-Bernal D, Herrera LA, González-De la Rosa CH, Domínguez-Gómez G, Aréchaga-Ocampo E, Díaz-Chávez J. Mutant p53 Gain-of-Function Induces Migration and Invasion through Overexpression of miR-182-5p in Cancer Cells. Cells 2023; 12:2506. [PMID: 37887350 PMCID: PMC10605582 DOI: 10.3390/cells12202506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The master-key TP53 gene is a tumor suppressor that is mutated in more than 50% of human cancers. Some p53 mutants lose their tumor suppressor activity and acquire new oncogenic functions, known as a gain of function (GOF). Recent studies have shown that p53 mutants can exert oncogenic effects through specific miRNAs. We identified the differentially expressed miRNA profiles of the three most frequent p53 mutants (p53R273C, p53R248Q, and p53R175H) after their transfection into the Saos-2 cell line (null p53) as compared with p53WT transfected cells. The associations between these miRNAs and the signaling pathways in which they might participate were identified with miRPath Software V3.0. QRT-PCR was employed to validate the miRNA profiles. We observed that p53 mutants have an overall negative effect on miRNA expression. In the global expression profile of the human miRNome regulated by the p53R273C mutant, 72 miRNAs were underexpressed and 35 overexpressed; in the p53R175H miRNAs profile, our results showed the downregulation of 93 and upregulation of 10 miRNAs; and in the miRNAs expression profile regulated by the p53R248Q mutant, we found 167 decreased and 6 increased miRNAs compared with p53WT. However, we found overexpression of some miRNAs, like miR-182-5p, in association with processes such as cell migration and invasion. In addition, we explored whether the induction of cell migration and invasion by the p53R48Q mutant was dependent on miR-182-5p because we found overexpression of miR-182-5p, which is associated with processes such as cell migration and invasion. Inhibition of mutant p53R248Q and miR-182-5p increased FOXF2-MTSS1 levels and decreased cell migration and invasion. In summary, our results suggest that p53 mutants increase the expression of miR-182-5p, and this miRNA is necessary for the p53R248Q mutant to induce cell migration and invasion in a cancer cell model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzitzijanik Madrigal
- Unidad de Investigación en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando 22, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, CDMX, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (T.M.); (L.A.H.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, UAM Iztapalapa, Mexico City 09340, Mexico
| | - Daniel Ortega-Bernal
- Departamento de Atención a la Salud, UAM Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico;
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Unidad Cuajimalpa, Universidad Autonóma Metropolitana, Mexico City 05348, Mexico; (C.H.G.-D.l.R.); (E.A.-O.)
| | - Luis A. Herrera
- Unidad de Investigación en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando 22, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, CDMX, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (T.M.); (L.A.H.)
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud-Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City 14380, Mexico
| | - Claudia Haydée González-De la Rosa
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Unidad Cuajimalpa, Universidad Autonóma Metropolitana, Mexico City 05348, Mexico; (C.H.G.-D.l.R.); (E.A.-O.)
| | - Guadalupe Domínguez-Gómez
- Subdirección de Investigación Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Elena Aréchaga-Ocampo
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Unidad Cuajimalpa, Universidad Autonóma Metropolitana, Mexico City 05348, Mexico; (C.H.G.-D.l.R.); (E.A.-O.)
| | - José Díaz-Chávez
- Unidad de Investigación en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando 22, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, CDMX, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (T.M.); (L.A.H.)
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8
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Wu G, Dong Y, Hu Q, Ma H, Xu Q, Xu K, Chen H, Yang Z, He M. HGH1 and the immune landscape: a novel prognostic marker for immune-desert tumor microenvironment identification and immunotherapy outcome prediction in human cancers. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:1969-1985. [PMID: 37811868 PMCID: PMC10761050 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2260163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
HGH1 homolog, a protein-coding gene, plays a crucial role in human growth and development. However, its role in human cancer remains unclear. For the first time, this study comprehensively evaluated the potential involvement of HGH1 in cancer prognosis and immunological function. To achieve this, data from various databases, including The Cancer Genome Atlas, Genotype Tissue Expression, Cancer Cell Lineage Encyclopedia, Human Protein Atlas, cBioPortal, Tumor Immune Estimation Resource and Immune Cell Abundance Identifier, were collated, as well as from one large clinical study, three immunotherapy cohorts and in vitro experiments. This study aims to elucidate the role of HGH1 expression in cancer prognosis and immune response. Our findings revealed a significant association between increased HGH1 expression and a worse prognosis across various cancer types. Predominantly, copy number variations were identified as the most common genetic mutations. Additionally, HGH1 was observed to not only regulate cell cycle-related functions to promote cell proliferation but also influence autoimmunity-related functions within both the innate and adaptive immune systems, along with other relevant immune-related signaling pathways. Gene set enrichment analysis and gene set variation analysis were used to substantiate these findings. HGH1 overexpression contributed to an immune-deficient (immune-desert) tumor microenvironment, which was characterized by a significant expression of immune-related features such as immune-related gene and pathway expression and the number of immune-infiltrating cells. Furthermore, the correlation between HGH1 expression and tumor mutational burden in four cancers and microsatellite instability in eight cancers was observed. This suggests that HGH1 has potential as an immunotherapeutic target. Immunotherapy data analysis supports this notion, demonstrating that patients with low HGH1 expression treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors exhibit improved survival rates and a higher likelihood of responding to immunotherapy than patients with high HGH1 expression. Collectively, these findings highlight the significant role of HGH1 in human cancers, illuminating its involvement in tumorigenesis and cancer immunity. Elevated HGH1 expression was identified to be indicative of an immune-desert tumor microenvironment. Consequently, the targeting of HGH1, particularly in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, holds promise for enhancing therapeutic outcomes in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gujie Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yipeng Dong
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Hu
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Huiyun Ma
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qun Xu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Xu
- Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Yang
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Min He
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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9
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Sayed M, Park JW. miRinGO: Prediction of Biological Processes Indirectly Targeted by Human microRNAs. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:11. [PMID: 36827544 PMCID: PMC9962180 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that are known for their role in the post-transcriptional regulation of target genes. Typically, their functions are predicted by first identifying their target genes and then finding biological processes enriched in these targets. Current tools for miRNA functional analysis use only genes with physical binding sites as their targets and exclude other genes that are indirectly targeted transcriptionally through transcription factors. Here, we introduce a method to predict gene ontology (GO) annotations indirectly targeted by microRNAs. The proposed method resulted in better performance in predicting known miRNA-GO term associations compared to the canonical approach. To facilitate miRNA GO enrichment analysis, we developed an R Shiny application, miRinGO, that is freely available online at GitHub.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Sayed
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Juw Won Park
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
- KBRIN Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
- CIEHS Biostatistics and Informatics Facility Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
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10
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Ismail A, El-Mahdy HA, Abulsoud AI, Sallam AAM, Eldeib MG, Elsakka EG, Zaki MB, Doghish AS. Beneficial and detrimental aspects of miRNAs as chief players in breast cancer: A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:1541-1565. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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11
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Kopchick JJ, Basu R, Berryman DE, Jorgensen JOL, Johannsson G, Puri V. Covert actions of growth hormone: fibrosis, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2022; 18:558-573. [PMID: 35750929 PMCID: PMC9703363 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-022-00702-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Since its discovery nearly a century ago, over 100,000 studies of growth hormone (GH) have investigated its structure, how it interacts with the GH receptor and its multiple actions. These include effects on growth, substrate metabolism, body composition, bone mineral density, the cardiovascular system and brain function, among many others. Recombinant human GH is approved for use to promote growth in children with GH deficiency (GHD), along with several additional clinical indications. Studies of humans and animals with altered levels of GH, from complete or partial GHD to GH excess, have revealed several covert or hidden actions of GH, such as effects on fibrosis, cardiovascular function and cancer. In this Review, we do not concentrate on the classic and controversial indications for GH therapy, nor do we cover all covert actions of GH. Instead, we stress the importance of the relationship between GH and fibrosis, and how fibrosis (or lack thereof) might be an emerging factor in both cardiovascular and cancer pathologies. We highlight clinical data from patients with acromegaly or GHD, alongside data from cellular and animal studies, to reveal novel phenotypes and molecular pathways responsible for these actions of GH in fibrosis, cardiovascular function and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Kopchick
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.
- The Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.
| | - Reetobrata Basu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- The Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Darlene E Berryman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- The Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Jens O L Jorgensen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gudmundur Johannsson
- Department of Endocrinology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Göteborg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Vishwajeet Puri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- The Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
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12
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Zhao Y, Ji Z, Li J, Zhang S, Wu C, Zhang R, Guo Z. Growth hormone associated with treatment efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in gastric cancer patients. Front Oncol 2022; 12:917313. [PMID: 36016614 PMCID: PMC9395680 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.917313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with chemotherapy have been widely employed to improve the outcome of gastric cancer patients. In the present study, the impact of posttreatment growth hormone (GH) levels on the treatment efficacy of ICIs for advanced gastric cancer (AGC) patients was assessed. Methods Seventy-five AGC patients treated with anti-PD-1 antibodies at The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University were involved. We divided AGC patients into two groups as high-GH group and low-GH group based on the GH level. Immunotherapy efficacy was assessed in terms of objective response rate, disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) based on the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines. The enumeration data were compared by χ2 test or Fisher’s exact test. Survival curves were drawn by the Kaplan–Meier method, and comparisons between the curves were made using the log-rank test. Multivariate survival analysis was performed using a Cox proportional hazards model. Results The higher GH levels were associated with a lower DCR of ICIs with a DCR of 30.0% in the high-GH group and 53.3% in the low-GH group (P = 0.046). The subsequent univariate analysis showed that a high GH level was associated with both shorter PFS (P = 0.016) and shorter OS at the borderline statistical level (P = 0.052) in AGC patients treated with ICIs. Cox model analysis also proved that the GH level was an independent risk factor for the outcome of AGC patients (PFS: P = 0.013, HR, 2.424, 95% CI, 1.202–4.890; OS: P = 0.014, HR, 3.301, 95% CI, 1.279–8.519). Conclusions The post-treatment GH level might be a predictor for ICIs treatment in AGC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhengzheng Ji
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiasong Li
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shasha Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chensi Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ruixing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhanjun Guo
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Zhanjun Guo,
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13
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Lian Z, Chang T, Ma S, Li J, Zhang H, Wang X, Liu R. MiR-96-5p induced NDRG1 deficiency promotes prostate cancer migration and invasion through regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway. Cancer Biomark 2022; 35:83-98. [PMID: 35912726 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-210072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) has been discovered as a significant gene in the progression of cancers. However, the regulatory mechanism of NDRG1 remained obscure in prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS: The miR-96-5p and NDRG1 expression levels were evaluated in PCa cell lines, prostate tissues, and validated public databases by real-time PCR, western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry. The function of miR-96-5p and NDRG1 were investigated by wound healing and transwell assays in vitro, and mouse xenograft assay in vivo. The candidate pathway regulated by NDRG1 was conducted by the next-generation gene sequencing technique. Immunofluorescence and luciferase assay was used to detect the relation between miR-96-5p, NDRG1, and NF-kB pathway. RESULTS: Overexpressing NDRG1 suppresses the migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro, and inhibits metastasis in vivo. Moreover, miR-96-5p contributes to NDRG1 deficiency and promotes PCa cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, NDRG1 loss activates the NF-KB pathway, which stimulates p65 and IKBa phosphorylation and induces EMT in PCa. CONCLUSIONS: MiR-96-5p promotes the migration and invasion of PCa by targeting NDRG1 and regulating the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenpeng Lian
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Taihao Chang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shenfei Ma
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hongtuan Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ranlu Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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14
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Basu R, Qian Y, Mathes S, Terry J, Arnett N, Riddell T, Stevens A, Funk K, Bell S, Bokal Z, Batten C, Smith C, Mendez-Gibson I, Duran-Ortiz S, Lach G, Mora-Criollo PA, Kulkarni P, Davis E, Teaford E, Berryman DE, List EO, Neggers S, Kopchick JJ. Growth hormone receptor antagonism downregulates ATP-binding cassette transporters contributing to improved drug efficacy against melanoma and hepatocarcinoma in vivo. Front Oncol 2022; 12:936145. [PMID: 35865483 PMCID: PMC9296106 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.936145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Knockdown of GH receptor (GHR) in melanoma cells in vitro downregulates ATP-binding cassette-containing (ABC) transporters and sensitizes them to anti-cancer drug treatments. Here we aimed to determine whether a GHR antagonist (GHRA) could control cancer growth by sensitizing tumors to therapy through downregulation of ABC transporters in vivo. We intradermally inoculated Fluc-B16-F10 mouse melanoma cells into GHA mice, transgenic for a GHR antagonist (GHRA), and observed a marked reduction in tumor size, mass and tumoral GH signaling. Moreover, constitutive GHRA production in the transgenic mice significantly improved the response to cisplatin treatment by suppressing expression of multiple ABC transporters and sensitizing the tumors to the drug. We confirmed that presence of a GHRA and not a mere absence of GH is essential for this chemo-sensitizing effect using Fluc-B16-F10 allografts in GH knockout (GHKO) mice, where tumor growth was reduced relative to that in GH-sufficient controls but did not sensitize the tumor to cisplatin. We extended our investigation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using human HCC cells in vitro and a syngeneic mouse model of HCC with Hepa1-6 allografts in GHA mice. Gene expression analyses and drug-efflux assays confirm that blocking GH significantly suppresses the levels of ABC transporters and improves the efficacy of sorafenib towards almost complete tumor clearance. Human patient data for melanoma and HCC show that GHR RNA levels correlate with ABC transporter expression. Collectively, our results validate in vivo that combination of a GHRA with currently available anti-cancer therapies can be effective in attacking cancer drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reetobrata Basu
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Yanrong Qian
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Samuel Mathes
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Joseph Terry
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Nathan Arnett
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Russ College of Engineering, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Trent Riddell
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Austin Stevens
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Kevin Funk
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Molecular Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Stephen Bell
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Zac Bokal
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Courtney Batten
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Cole Smith
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | | | | | - Grace Lach
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | | | - Prateek Kulkarni
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Molecular Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Emily Davis
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Molecular Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Elizabeth Teaford
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Darlene E. Berryman
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Edward O. List
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Sebastian Neggers
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - John J. Kopchick
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Molecular Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Translational Biological Sciences Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: John J. Kopchick,
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15
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Alyami NM. MicroRNAs Role in Breast Cancer: Theranostic Application in Saudi Arabia. Front Oncol 2021; 11:717759. [PMID: 34760689 PMCID: PMC8573223 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.717759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is an aggressive silent disease, representing 11.7% of the diagnosed cancer worldwide, and it is also a leading cause of death in Saudi Arabia. Consequently, microRNAs have emerged recently as potential biomarkers to diagnose and monitor such cases at the molecular level, which tends to be problematic during diagnosis. MicroRNAs are highly conserved non- coding oligonucleotide RNA. Over the last two decades, studies have determined the functional significance of these small RNAs and their impact on cellular development and the interaction between microRNAs and messenger RNAs, which affect numerous molecular pathways and physiological functions. Moreover, many disorders, including breast cancer, are associated with the dysregulation of microRNA. Sparingly, many microRNAs can suppress cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and vice versa. Remarkably, microRNAs can be harvested from patients’ biofluids to predict disease progression that considered a non-invasive method. Nevertheless, MicroRNAs are currently utilized as anti- cancer therapies combined with other drug therapies or even as a single agents’ treatment. Therefore, this review will focus on microRNAs’ role in breast cancer as an indicator of disease progression. In addition, this review summarizes the current knowledge of drug sensitivity and methods in detecting microRNA and their application to improve patient care and identifies the current gaps in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouf M Alyami
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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16
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The Mechanism of miR-141 Regulating the Proliferation and Metastasis of Liver Cancer Cells by Targeting STAT4. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:5425491. [PMID: 34675977 PMCID: PMC8526259 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5425491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background In recent years, it has been reported that miRNA can be used as one of the markers of tumor diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis (including liver cancer), and it plays an important role in tumorigenesis. However, there are still very few studies on the mechanism and role of miR-141 in liver cancer. Methods qRT-PCR was used to test the expressions of miR-141 and STAT4 in collected liver cancer tissues and adjacent tissues, cultured liver cancer cell lines MHCC97H, Hep3B, and Huh7, and normal human liver cells HL7702. After processing the results of the qRT-PCR experiment, liver cancer cell MHCC97H which has the lowest expression level was decided to be taken as the research object. miR-NC, miR-141 mimics, si-NC, si-STAT4, miR-141 mimics and pcDNA-NC, and miR-141 mimics and pcDNA-STAT4 were transfected into MHCC97H cells, respectively. The MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation of each group of cells, and the Transwell test was used to detect the effect of miR-141 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The interaction between miR-141 and STAT4 was verified by the dual-luciferase reporter experiment, and the expression level of Cyclin D1 and MMP2 was detected by the western blot. Results Compared with normal cell HL7702, the expression level of miR-141 in liver cancer cell lines was relatively low (P < 0.05) and the expression level of STAT4 in liver cancer cell lines was relatively high (P < 0.05) after testing the expression level of STAT4; transfecting miR-141 mimics or Si-SLBP can inhibit cell proliferation, migration, and invasion; dual-luciferase reporter experiments confirmed that miR-141 can specifically bind to the 3′UTR of STAT4; cotransfection of miR-141 mimics and pcDNA-STAT4 can antagonize the effects of miR-141 mimics on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Conclusion miR-141 can target the STAT4 gene expression to inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of liver cancer cells.
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Kamimura K, Nakajo M, Bohara M, Nagano D, Fukukura Y, Fujio S, Takajo T, Tabata K, Iwanaga T, Imai H, Nickel MD, Yoshiura T. Consistency of Pituitary Adenoma: Prediction by Pharmacokinetic Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI and Comparison with Histologic Collagen Content. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153914. [PMID: 34359814 PMCID: PMC8345382 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Transsphenoidal resection of hard pituitary adenomas have a particularly high risk of residual tumor and complications. Therefore, prediction of tumor consistency is valuable for planning pituitary adenoma surgery. We prospectively examined whether quantitative pharmacokinetic analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is useful for predicting consistency of pituitary adenoma in 49 participants. We found that the measure of volume of extravascular extracellular space per unit volume of tissue derived from DCE-MRI could predict the consistency of pituitary adenomas. Furthermore, the volume of extravascular extracellular space per unit volume of tissue was significantly positively correlated with histopathologic collagen content of the adenoma. Our results suggest that volume of extravascular extracellular space per unit volume of tissue derived from quantitative pharmacokinetic analysis of DCE-MRI has a predictive value for consistency of pituitary adenomas. Abstract Prediction of tumor consistency is valuable for planning transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma. A prospective study was conducted involving 49 participants with pituitary adenoma to determine whether quantitative pharmacokinetic analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is useful for predicting consistency of adenomas. Pharmacokinetic parameters in the adenomas including volume of extravascular extracellular space (EES) per unit volume of tissue (ve), blood plasma volume per unit volume of tissue (vp), volume transfer constant between blood plasma and EES (Ktrans), and rate constant between EES and blood plasma (kep) were obtained. The pharmacokinetic parameters and the histologic percentage of collagen content (PCC) were compared between soft and hard adenomas using Mann–Whitney U test. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to correlate pharmacokinetic parameters with PCC. Hard adenomas showed significantly higher PCC (44.08 ± 15.14% vs. 6.62 ± 3.47%, p < 0.01), ve (0.332 ± 0.124% vs. 0.221 ± 0.104%, p < 0.01), and Ktrans (0.775 ± 0.401/min vs. 0.601 ± 0.612/min, p = 0.02) than soft adenomas. Moreover, a significant positive correlation was found between ve and PCC (r = 0.601, p < 0.01). The ve derived using DCE-MRI may have predictive value for consistency of pituitary adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyohisa Kamimura
- Department of Radiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (M.N.); (M.B.); (D.N.); (Y.F.); (T.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-99-275-5417
| | - Masanori Nakajo
- Department of Radiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (M.N.); (M.B.); (D.N.); (Y.F.); (T.Y.)
| | - Manisha Bohara
- Department of Radiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (M.N.); (M.B.); (D.N.); (Y.F.); (T.Y.)
| | - Daigo Nagano
- Department of Radiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (M.N.); (M.B.); (D.N.); (Y.F.); (T.Y.)
| | - Yoshihiko Fukukura
- Department of Radiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (M.N.); (M.B.); (D.N.); (Y.F.); (T.Y.)
| | - Shingo Fujio
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (S.F.); (T.T.)
| | - Tomoko Takajo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (S.F.); (T.T.)
| | - Kazuhiro Tabata
- Department of Pathology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;
| | - Takashi Iwanaga
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kagoshima University Hospital, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;
| | - Hiroshi Imai
- MR Research & Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare K.K., 1-11-1 Osaki, Shinagawa, Tokyo 141-8644, Japan;
| | | | - Takashi Yoshiura
- Department of Radiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (M.N.); (M.B.); (D.N.); (Y.F.); (T.Y.)
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18
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Ruiz TFR, Taboga SR, Leonel ECR. Molecular mechanisms of mammary gland remodeling: A review of the homeostatic versus bisphenol a disrupted microenvironment. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 105:1-16. [PMID: 34343637 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mammary gland (MG) undergoes critical points of structural changes throughout a woman's life. During the perinatal and pubertal stages, MG develops through growth and differentiation to establish a pre-mature feature. If pregnancy and lactation occur, the epithelial compartment branches and differentiates to create a specialized structure for milk secretion and nurturing of the newborn. However, the ultimate MG modification consists of a regression process aiming to reestablish the smaller and less energy demanding structure until another production cycle happens. The unraveling of these fascinating physiologic cycles has helped the scientific community elucidate aspects of molecular regulation of proliferative and apoptotic events and remodeling of the stromal compartment. However, greater understanding of the hormonal pathways involved in MG developmental stages led to concern that endocrine disruptors such as bisphenol A (BPA), may influence these specific development/involution stages, called "windows of susceptibility". Since it is used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, BPA is a ubiquitous chemical present in human everyday life, exerting an estrogenic effect. Thus, descriptions of its deleterious effects on the MG, especially in terms of serum hormone concentrations, hormonal receptor expression, molecular pathways, and epigenetic alterations, have been widely published. Therefore, allied to a didactic description of the main physiological mechanisms involved in different critical points of MG development, the current review provides a summary of key mechanisms by which the endocrine disruptor BPA impacts MG homeostasis at different windows of susceptibility, causing short- and long-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalles Fernando Rocha Ruiz
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São José Do Rio Preto, Brazil.
| | - Sebastião Roberto Taboga
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São José Do Rio Preto, Brazil.
| | - Ellen Cristina Rivas Leonel
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São José Do Rio Preto, Brazil; Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Department of Histology, Embryology and Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Goiânia, Brazil.
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Mahmoud MM, Sanad EF, Hamdy NM. MicroRNAs' role in the environment-related non-communicable diseases and link to multidrug resistance, regulation, or alteration. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:36984-37000. [PMID: 34046834 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14550-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) 20 years ago has advocated a new era of "small molecular genetics." About 2000 miRNAs are present that regulate one third of the genome. MiRNA dysregulated expression arising as a response to our environment insult or stress or changes may contribute to several diseases, namely non-communicable diseases, including tumor growth. Their presence in body fluids, reflecting level alteration in various cancers, merit circulating miRNAs as the "next-generation biomarkers" for early-stage tumor diagnosis and/or prognosis. Herein, we performed a comprehensive literature search focusing on the origin, biosynthesis, and role of miRNAs and summarized the foremost studies centering on miR value as non-invasive biomarkers in different environment-related non-communicable diseases, including various cancer types. Moreover, during chemotherapy, many miRNAs were linked to multidrug resistance, via modulating numerous, environment triggered or not, biological processes and/or pathways that will be highlighted as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M Mahmoud
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, 11566, Abassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman F Sanad
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, 11566, Abassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nadia M Hamdy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, 11566, Abassia, Cairo, Egypt.
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MicroRNAs in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: A State of the Art Review of the Regulatory Mechanisms and Future Perspectives. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040955. [PMID: 33924120 PMCID: PMC8074316 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare malignant neoplasia with a variable clinical course, with complete remission often difficult to achieve. Genetic alterations lead to fundamental changes not only in hereditary MTC but also in the sporadic form, with close correlations between mutational status and prognosis. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have become highly relevant as crucial players in MTC etiology. Current research has focused on their roles in disease carcinogenesis and development, but recent studies have expounded their potential as biomarkers and response predictors to novel biological drugs for advanced MTC. One such element which requires greater investigation is their mechanism of action and the molecular pathways involved in the regulation of gene expression. A more thorough understanding of these mechanisms will help realize the promising potential of miRNAs for MTC therapy and management.
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Chen S, Zhang J, Chen Q, Cheng J, Chen X, Mao Y, Chen W, Liu C, Wu H, Lv Y, Lin Y. MicroRNA-200a and microRNA-141 have a synergetic effect on the suppression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in liver cancer by targeting STAT4. Oncol Lett 2020; 21:137. [PMID: 33552256 PMCID: PMC7798046 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are non-coding small RNAs that target specific messenger RNAs to inhibit protein translation. miR-200a and miR-141 function as tumor suppressors by targeting STAT4. These two miRNAs belong to the same family, and their expression is often decreased in various cancer types, but are located on different chromosomes of the human genome. The present study showed that the expression levels of miR-141 and miR-200a in serum and cells of liver cancer are significantly downregulated. The expression levels of miR-141 and miR-200a are closely associated with clinicopathological features of liver cancer, especially metastasis and invasion. It is first reported that STAT4 is the new common target gene of miR-141 and miR-200a. In the present study, miR-141 and miR-200a were confirmed to inhibit the expression of E-cadherin and vimentin synergistically during epithelial-mesenchymal transition to regulate the proliferation, migration and invasion of liver cancer cells by targeting STAT4. Simultaneous overexpression of miR-200a and miR-141 resulted in stronger effects compared with each miRNA alone. In addition, overexpression of STAT4 significantly reversed the tumor suppressive roles of miR-200a and miR-141 in liver cancer cells. These findings enrich the tumor suppressor mechanisms of the miR-200 family, and may also provide new experimental and theoretical basis for the use of miRNAs for early diagnosis, prognosis and thorough treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Jingjun Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Qiudan Chen
- Department of Central Laboratory, Clinical Laboratory, Jingan District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Juan Cheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotong Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Yinqi Mao
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Chenbin Liu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Han Wu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Lv
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Yong Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
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Growth Hormone Upregulates Mediators of Melanoma Drug Efflux and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition In Vitro and In Vivo. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123640. [PMID: 33291663 PMCID: PMC7761932 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Growth hormone (GH) action is strongly implicated in the progression and therapy resistance in several types of solid tumors which overexpress the GH receptor (GHR). The aim of our study was to characterize the effects of GH and its downstream effector insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) on melanoma using in vitro and in vivo models. We confirmed an IGF-1-independent role of elevated circulating GH in upregulating key mechanisms of therapy resistance and malignancy with analyses conducted at the molecular and cellular level. We identified that GH upregulates key mechanisms of therapy resistance and metastases in melanoma tumors in an IGF-1 dependent and independent manner by upregulating multidrug efflux pumps and EMT transcription factors. Our study reveals that GH action renders an intrinsic drug resistance phenotype to the melanoma tumors—a clinically crucial property of GH verifiable in other human cancers with GHR expression. Abstract Growth hormone (GH) and the GH receptor (GHR) are expressed in a wide range of malignant tumors including melanoma. However, the effect of GH/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) on melanoma in vivo has not yet been elucidated. Here we assessed the physical and molecular effects of GH on mouse melanoma B16-F10 and human melanoma SK-MEL-30 cells in vitro. We then corroborated these observations with syngeneic B16-F10 tumors in two mouse lines with different levels of GH/IGF: bovine GH transgenic mice (bGH; high GH, high IGF-1) and GHR gene-disrupted or knockout mice (GHRKO; high GH, low IGF-1). In vitro, GH treatment enhanced mouse and human melanoma cell growth, drug retention and cell invasion. While the in vivo tumor size was unaffected in both bGH and GHRKO mouse lines, multiple drug-efflux pumps were up regulated. This intrinsic capacity of therapy resistance appears to be GH dependent. Additionally, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) gene transcription markers were significantly upregulated in vivo supporting our current and recent in vitro observations. These syngeneic mouse melanoma models of differential GH/IGF action can be valuable tools in screening for therapeutic options where lowering GH/IGF-1 action is important.
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Duran-Ortiz S, Young JA, Jara A, Jensen EA, Basu R, List EO, Qian Y, Kopchick JJ, Berryman DE. Differential gene signature in adipose tissue depots of growth hormone transgenic mice. J Neuroendocrinol 2020; 32:e12893. [PMID: 33043505 PMCID: PMC7606825 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bovine growth hormone (bGH) transgenic mice mimic the clinical condition of acromegaly, having high circulating growth hormone (GH) levels. These mice are giant, have decreased adipose tissue (AT) mass, impaired glucose metabolism and a shortened lifespan. The detrimental effects of excess GH have been suggested, in part, to be a result of its depot-specific actions on AT. To investigate this relationship, we evaluated gene expression, biological mechanisms, cellular pathways and predicted microRNA (miRNA) in two AT depots (subcutaneous [Subq] and epididymal [Epi]) from bGH and littermate controls using RNA sequencing analysis. Two analyses on the differentially expressed genes (DEG) were performed: (i) comparison of the same AT depot between bGH and wild-type (WT) mice (genotype comparison) and (ii) comparison of Subq and Epi AT depots within the same genotype (depot comparison). For the genotype comparison, we found a higher number of significant DEG in the Subq AT depot of bGH mice compared to WT controls, corroborating previous reports that GH has a greater impact on the Subq depot. Furthermore, most of the DEG in bGH mice were not shared by WT mice, suggesting that excess GH induces the expression of genes not commonly present in AT. Through gene ontology and pathway analysis, the genotype comparison revealed that the DEG of the Subq depot of bGH mice relate to fatty acid oxidation, branched-chain amino acid degradation and the immune system. Additionally, the AT depot comparison showed that the immune cell activation and T-cell response appear up-regulated in the Subq compared to the Epi AT depot. The miRNA prediction also suggested a modulation of T-cell-related biological process in Subq. In summary, the present study provides a unique resource for understanding the specific differences in gene expression that are driven by both excess GH action and AT depot location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Duran-Ortiz
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Athens, OH
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH
| | - Jonathan A. Young
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Athens, OH
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH
| | - Adam Jara
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Athens, OH
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH
| | | | | | | | | | - John J. Kopchick
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Athens, OH
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH
| | - Darlene E. Berryman
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Athens, OH
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH
- Corresponding Author at: Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
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Participation of MicroRNAs in the Treatment of Cancer with Phytochemicals. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204701. [PMID: 33066509 PMCID: PMC7587345 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a global health concern and one of the main causes of disease-related death. Even with considerable progress in investigations on cancer therapy, effective anti-cancer agents and regimens have thus far been insufficient. There has been compelling evidence that natural phytochemicals and their derivatives have potent anti-cancer activities. Plant-based anti-cancer agents, such as etoposide, irinotecan, paclitaxel, and vincristine, are currently being applied in medical treatments for patients with cancer. Further, the efficacy of plenty of phytochemicals has been evaluated to discover a promising candidate for cancer therapy. For developing more effective cancer therapy, it is required to apprehend the molecular mechanism deployed by natural compounds. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been realized to play a pivotal role in regulating cellular signaling pathways, affecting the efficacy of therapeutic agents in cancer. This review presents a feature of phytochemicals with anti-cancer activity, focusing mainly on the relationship between phytochemicals and miRNAs, with insights into the role of miRNAs as the mediators and the regulators of anti-cancer effects of phytochemicals.
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Mao Y, Lv M, Cao W, Liu X, Cui J, Wang Y, Wang Y, Nie G, Liu X, Wang H. Circular RNA 000554 represses epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer by regulating microRNA-182/ZFP36 axis. FASEB J 2020; 34:11405-11420. [PMID: 32729957 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903047r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a crucial role in regulating microRNAs (miRs) and mRNAs during breast cancer (BC) progression. Based on the in silico analysis of circRNA/miR/mRNA in BC, we aim to define an important role of circRNA_000554 in BC in relation to miR-182 and zinc finger protein 36 (ZFP36). Low expression of circRNA_000554 and ZFP36, and high miR-182 expression were determined in the clinical BC tissues. CircRNA_000554 acted as a sponge of miR-182, and miR-182 directly targeted ZFP36. After that, in order to evaluate the effects of circRNA_000554, miR-182, and ZFP36 on cellular process, we evaluated in vitro epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and in vivo tumor growth after delivering a series of overexpression plasmids, mimic, inhibitor, or shRNAs into BC cells. Increasing circRNA_000554 suppressed EMT, cell invasion and migration during BC by depleting miR-182 and increasing ZFP36. The inhibitory effect of circRNA_000554 on tumor growth was validated in vivo. Taken together, the present study confirms that circRNA_000554 functioned as an inhibitor of EMT in BC and suggests a molecular mechanism that circRNA_000554 bound to miR-182 to upregulate ZFP36 in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Mao
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Meng Lv
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Weihong Cao
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyi Liu
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Jian Cui
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Yongmei Wang
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Gang Nie
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Xiangping Liu
- Central Laboratory of Molecular Biology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
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Kandettu A, Radhakrishnan R, Chakrabarty S, Sriharikrishnaa S, Kabekkodu SP. The emerging role of miRNA clusters in breast cancer progression. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188413. [PMID: 32827583 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that are essential for regulation of gene expression of the target genes. Large number of miRNAs are organized into defined units known as miRNA clusters (MCs). The MCs consist of two or more than two miRNA encoding genes driven by a single promoter, transcribed together in the same orientation, that are not separated from each other by a transcription unit. Aberrant miRNA clusters expression is reported in breast cancer (BC), exhibiting both pro-tumorogenic and anti-tumorigenic role. Altered MCs expression facilitates to breast carcinogenesis by promoting the breast cells to acquire the various hallmarks of the cancer. Since miRNA clusters contain multiple miRNA encoding genes, targeting cluster may be more attractive than targeting individual miRNAs. Besides targeting dysregulated miRNA clusters in BC, studies have focused on the mechanism of action, and its contribution to the progression of the BC. The present review provides a comprehensive overview of dysregulated miRNA clusters and its role in the acquisition of cancer hallmarks in BC. More specifically, we have presented the regulation, differential expression, classification, targets, mechanism of action, and signaling pathways of miRNA clusters in BC. Additionally, we have also discussed the potential utility of the miRNA cluster as a diagnostic and prognostic indicator in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amoolya Kandettu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576106, India
| | - Raghu Radhakrishnan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576106, India; Center for DNA Repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - S Sriharikrishnaa
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576106, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576106, India; Center for DNA Repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
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MicroRNA-Dependent Targeting of RSU1 and the IPP Adhesion Complex Regulates the PTEN/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway in Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155458. [PMID: 32751711 PMCID: PMC7432699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The microRNA (miR)-directed control of gene expression is correlated with numerous physiological processes as well as the pathological features of tumors. The focus of this study is on the role of miRs in the regulation of RSU1 and proteins in the IPP (integrin linked kinase, PINCH and parvin) complex. Because the IPP adaptor proteins link β integrins to actin cytoskeleton, and the RSU1 signaling protein connects the complex to the activation of cJun, ATF2 and the transcription of PTEN, their reduction by miRs has the potential to alter both adhesion and survival signaling. (2) Methods: Multiple database analyses were used to identify miRs that target RSU1 and PINCH1. miR transfection validated the effects of miRs on RSU1, PINCH1 and downstream targets in breast cancer cell lines. (3) Results: The miRs targeting RSU1 mRNA include miR-182-5p, -409-3p, -130a-3p, -221-3p, -744-5p and -106b-5p. Data show that miR-182-5p and -409-3p reduce RSU1, PINCH1 and inhibit the ATF2 activation of PTEN expression. miR-221-3p and miR-130a-3p target RSU1 and PINCH1 and, conversely, RSU1 depletion increases miR-221-3p and miR-130a-3p. (4) Conclusions: miRs targeting RSU1 and PINCH1 in mammary epithelial or luminal breast cancer cell lines reduced RSU1 signaling to p38 MAP kinase and ATF2, inhibiting the expression of PTEN. miR-221-3p, known to target PTEN and cell cycle regulators, also targets RSU1 and PINCH1 in luminal breast cancer cell lines.
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Cheng S, Xia B, Li H, Li Y, Lv X, Zhang Y, Huang Y. Long non-coding RNA SATB2-AS1 inhibits microRNA-155-3p to suppress breast cancer cell growth by promoting breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1-like. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:321. [PMID: 32694943 PMCID: PMC7367385 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01411-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) play vital roles in human cancers. Nevertheless, the effects of lncRNAs and miRNAs on breast cancer (BC) remain to be further investigated. This study was designed to testify the roles of lncRNA antisense transcript of SATB2 protein (SATB2-AS1) and microRNA-155-3p (miR-155-3p) in BC progression. Methods Levels of SATB2-AS1, miR-155-3p and breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1-like (BRMS1L) in BC were determined. The prognostic role of SATB2-AS1 in BC patients was assessed. The screened cells were respectively introduced with altered SATB2-AS1 or miR-155-3p to figure out their roles in malignant phenotypes of BC cells. The effect of varied SATB2-AS1 and miR-155-3p on BC cells in vivo was observed. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA-pull down assay were implemented to detect the targeting relationship of SATB2-AS1, miR-155-3p, and BRMS1L. Results SATB2-AS1 and BRMS1L were decreased while miR-155-3p was increased in BC cells and tissues. Patients with lower SATB2-AS1 expression had poor prognosis. Elevated SATB2-AS1 and inhibited miR-155-3p were able to restrain malignant behaviors of BC cells in vitro, as well as decelerate tumor growth in vivo. Oppositely, inhibited SATB2-AS1 and amplified miR-155-3p had converse effects on BC cell growth. MiR-155-3p mimic abrogated the impact of overexpressed SATB2-AS1. SATB2-AS1 could sponge miR-155-3p, and BRMS1L was the target gene of miR-155-3p. Conclusion Elevated SATB2-AS1 and inhibited miR-155-3p could suppress the malignant phenotypes of BC cells, thereby restricting the development of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqiang Cheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, China
| | - Bingshu Xia
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, China
| | - Hongbin Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, China
| | - Yuying Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, China
| | - Xinxin Lv
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, China
| | - Yuanxi Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, China
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Wong JS, Cheah YK. Potential miRNAs for miRNA-Based Therapeutics in Breast Cancer. Noncoding RNA 2020; 6:E29. [PMID: 32668603 PMCID: PMC7549352 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna6030029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that can post-transcriptionally regulate the genes involved in critical cellular processes. The aberrant expressions of oncogenic or tumor suppressor miRNAs have been associated with cancer progression and malignancies. This resulted in the dysregulation of signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis and survival, metastasis, cancer recurrence and chemoresistance. In this review, we will first (i) provide an overview of the miRNA biogenesis pathways, and in vitro and in vivo models for research, (ii) summarize the most recent findings on the roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) that could potentially be used for miRNA-based therapy in the treatment of breast cancer and (iii) discuss the various therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sheng Wong
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Yoke Kqueen Cheah
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
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Anderson O, Guttilla Reed IK. Regulation of cell growth and migration by miR-96 and miR-183 in a breast cancer model of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233187. [PMID: 32396572 PMCID: PMC7217431 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in women, and has the second highest mortality rate. Over 90% of all cancer-related deaths are due to metastasis, which is the spread of malignant cells from the primary tumor to a secondary site in the body. It is hypothesized that one cause of metastasis involves epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). When epithelial cells undergo EMT and transition into mesenchymal cells, they display increased levels of cell proliferation and invasion, resulting in a more aggressive phenotype. While many factors regulate EMT, microRNAs have been implicated in driving this process. MicroRNAs are short noncoding RNAs that suppress protein production, therefore loss of microRNAs may promote the overexpression of specific target proteins important for EMT. The goal of this study was to investigate the role of miR-96 and miR-183 in EMT in breast cancer. Both miR-96 and miR-183 were found to be downregulated in post-EMT breast cancer cells. When microRNA mimics were transfected into these cells, there was a significant decrease in cell viability and migration, and a shift from a mesenchymal to an epithelial morphology (mesenchymal-epithelial transition or MET). These MET-related changes may be facilitated in part by the regulation of ZEB1 and vimentin, as both of these proteins were downregulated when miR-96 and miR-183 were overexpressed in post-EMT cells. These findings indicate that the loss of miR-96 and miR-183 may help facilitate EMT and contribute to the maintenance of a mesenchymal phenotype. Understanding the role of microRNAs in regulating EMT is significant in order to not only further elucidate the pathways that facilitate metastasis, but also identify potential therapeutic options for preventing or reversing this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Anderson
- Department of Biology, University of Saint Joseph, West Hartford, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Irene K. Guttilla Reed
- Department of Biology, University of Saint Joseph, West Hartford, Connecticut, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Common and Unique microRNAs in Multiple Carcinomas Regulate Similar Network of Pathways to Mediate Cancer Progression. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2331. [PMID: 32047181 PMCID: PMC7012856 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59142-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease with a fatal outcome. Early detection of cancer, by monitoring appropriate molecular markers is very important for its therapeutic management. In this regard, the short non-coding RNA molecules, microRNAs (miRNAs) have shown great promise due to their availability in circulating fluids facilitating non-invasive detection of cancer. In this study, an in silico comparative analysis was performed to identify specific signature miRNAs dysregulated across multiple carcinomas and simultaneously identify unique miRNAs for each cancer type as well. The miRNA-seq data of cancer patient was obtained from GDC portal and their differential expressions along with the pathways regulated by both common and unique miRNAs were analyzed. Our studies show twelve miRNAs commonly dysregulated across seven different cancer types. Interestingly, four of those miRNAs (hsa-mir-210, hsa-mir-19a, hsa-mir-7 and hsa-mir-3662) are already reported as circulatory miRNAs (circRNAs); while, the miR-183 cluster along with hsa-mir-93 have been found to be incorporated in exosomes signifying the importance of the identified miRNAs for their use as prospective, non-invasive biomarkers. Further, the target mRNAs and pathways regulated by both common and unique miRNAs were analyzed, which interestingly had significant commonality. This suggests that miRNAs that are commonly de-regulated and specifically altered in multiple cancers might regulate similar pathways to promote cancer. Our data is of significance because we not only identify a set of common and unique miRNAs for multiple cancers but also highlight the pathways regulated by them, which might facilitate the development of future non-invasive biomarkers conducive for early detection of cancers.
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Role of JAK/STAT3 Signaling in the Regulation of Metastasis, the Transition of Cancer Stem Cells, and Chemoresistance of Cancer by Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010217. [PMID: 31952344 PMCID: PMC7017057 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway plays an essential role in various types of cancers. Activation of this pathway leads to increased tumorigenic and metastatic ability, the transition of cancer stem cells (CSCs), and chemoresistance in cancer via enhancing the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT acts as a critical regulator in the progression of cancer and is involved in regulating invasion, spread, and survival. Furthermore, accumulating evidence indicates the failure of conventional therapies due to the acquisition of CSC properties. In this review, we summarize the effects of JAK/STAT3 activation on EMT and the generation of CSCs. Moreover, we discuss cutting-edge data on the link between EMT and CSCs in the tumor microenvironment that involves a previously unknown function of miRNAs, and also discuss new regulators of the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Matsuyama H, Suzuki HI. Systems and Synthetic microRNA Biology: From Biogenesis to Disease Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:E132. [PMID: 31878193 PMCID: PMC6981965 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are approximately 22-nucleotide-long, small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. The biogenesis of miRNAs involves multiple steps, including the transcription of primary miRNAs (pri-miRNAs), nuclear Drosha-mediated processing, cytoplasmic Dicer-mediated processing, and loading onto Argonaute (Ago) proteins. Further, miRNAs control diverse biological and pathological processes via the silencing of target mRNAs. This review summarizes recent findings regarding the quantitative aspects of miRNA homeostasis, including Drosha-mediated pri-miRNA processing, Ago-mediated asymmetric miRNA strand selection, and modifications of miRNA pathway components, as well as the roles of RNA modifications (epitranscriptomics), epigenetics, transcription factor circuits, and super-enhancers in miRNA regulation. These recent advances have facilitated a system-level understanding of miRNA networks, as well as the improvement of RNAi performance for both gene-specific targeting and genome-wide screening. The comprehensive understanding and modeling of miRNA biogenesis and function have been applied to the design of synthetic gene circuits. In addition, the relationships between miRNA genes and super-enhancers provide the molecular basis for the highly biased cell type-specific expression patterns of miRNAs and the evolution of miRNA-target connections, while highlighting the importance of alterations of super-enhancer-associated miRNAs in a variety of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Matsuyama
- Fujii Memorial Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-11-1 Karasaki, Otsu-shi, Shiga 520-0106, Japan;
| | - Hiroshi I. Suzuki
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Zhao X, Li Y, Zhou Y. MicroRNA-96-3p promotes metastasis of papillary thyroid cancer through targeting SDHB. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:287. [PMID: 31749660 PMCID: PMC6852711 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-1003-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNA (MiRNA) is a small non-coding RNA which is implicated in a cohort of biological function in cancer, including proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis and invasion. MiR-96 has been reported to be involved in many cancers, including papillary thyroid cancer. However, the role of miR-96-3p in papillary thyroid cancer metastasis is still unclear. Methods qRT-PCR is used to detect the level of miR-96-3p and mRNA of SDHB in PTC tissues and cell lines. Western blot assays are used to verify the protein expression of SDHB. The transwell assays are performed to identify the migration ability of PTC cell lines. Moreover, dual-luciferase 3'-UTR reporter assays are chosen to illuminate the direct target of miR-96-3p. Results The relative miR-96-3p upregulate in PTC tissues and three PTC cell lines (B-CPAP, K-1 and TPC-1 cells) while the relative SDHB is opposite. Our results revealed that the miR-96-3p promotes metastasis and invasion in PTC cell lines (K-1 and TPC-1 cells) by direct targeting SDHB and influence the downstream protein AKT. Conclusions Taken together, the miR-96-3p is involved in PTC metastasis and invasion by direct targeting SDHB and the downstream molecule AKT and mTOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xupeng Zhao
- 1Department of Fourth General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032 China
| | - Yingjie Li
- 2Department of Sixth General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032 China
| | - Yong Zhou
- 1Department of Fourth General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032 China
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Chesnokova V, Melmed S. Growth hormone in the tumor microenvironment. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2019; 63:568-575. [PMID: 31939481 PMCID: PMC7025769 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tumor development is a multistep process whereby local mechanisms enable somatic mutations during preneoplastic stages. Once a tumor develops, it becomes a complex organ composed of multiple cell types. Interactions between malignant and non-transformed cells and tissues create a tumor microenvironment (TME) comprising epithelial cancer cells, cancer stem cells, non-tumorous cells, stromal cells, immune-inflammatory cells, blood and lymphatic vascular network, and extracellular matrix. We review reports and present a hypothesis that postulates the involvement of growth hormone (GH) in field cancerization. We discuss GH contribution to TME, promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage, tumor vascularity, and resistance to therapy. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2019;63(6):568-75.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Chesnokova
- Pituitary CenterDepartment of MedicineCedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSAPituitary Center, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shlomo Melmed
- Pituitary CenterDepartment of MedicineCedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSAPituitary Center, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Basu R, Kopchick JJ. The effects of growth hormone on therapy resistance in cancer. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2019; 2:827-846. [PMID: 32382711 PMCID: PMC7204541 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2019.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pituitary derived and peripherally produced growth hormone (GH) is a crucial mediator of longitudinal growth, organ development, metabolic regulation with tissue specific, sex specific, and age-dependent effects. GH and its cognate receptor (GHR) are expressed in several forms of cancer and have been validated as an anti-cancer target through a large body of in vitro, in vivo and epidemiological analyses. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of GH action in cancer prognosis and therapeutic response had been sparse until recently. This review assimilates the critical details of GH-GHR mediated therapy resistance across different cancer types, distilling the therapeutic implications based on our current understanding of these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reetobrata Basu
- Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine (OU-HCOM), Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.,Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - John J Kopchick
- Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine (OU-HCOM), Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.,Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
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Pan Y, Wang W, Huang S, Ni W, Wei Z, Cao Y, Yu S, Jia Q, Wu Y, Chai C, Zheng Q, Zhang L, Wang A, Sun Z, Huang S, Wang S, Chen W, Lu Y. Beta-elemene inhibits breast cancer metastasis through blocking pyruvate kinase M2 dimerization and nuclear translocation. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:6846-6858. [PMID: 31343107 PMCID: PMC6787513 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), playing a central role in regulating aerobic glycolysis, was considered as a promising target for cancer therapy. However, its role in cancer metastasis is rarely known. Here, we found a tight relationship between PKM2 and breast cancer metastasis, demonstrated by the findings that beta-elemene (β-elemene), an approved drug for complementary cancer therapy, exerted distinct anti-metastatic activity dependent on PKM2. The results indicated that β-elemene inhibited breast cancer cell migration, invasion in vitro as well as metastases in vivo. β-Elemene further inhibited the process of aerobic glycolysis and decreased the utilization of glucose and the production of pyruvate and lactate through suppressing pyruvate kinase activity by modulating the transformation of dimeric and tetrameric forms of PKM2. Further analysis revealed that β-elemene suppressed aerobic glycolysis by blocking PKM2 nuclear translocation and the expression of EGFR, GLUT1 and LDHA by influencing the expression of importin α5. Furthermore, the effect of β-elemene on migration, invasion, PKM2 transformation, and nuclear translocation could be reversed in part by fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) and L-cysteine. Taken together, tetrameric transformation and nuclear translocation of PKM2 are essential for cancer metastasis, and β-elemene inhibited breast cancer metastasis via blocking aerobic glycolysis mediated by dimeric PKM2 transformation and nuclear translocation, being a promising anti-metastatic agent from natural compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenting Ni
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhonghong Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuzhu Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Suyun Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Jia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuan Chai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Aiyun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiguang Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Shijun Wang
- Shandong Co-innovation Center of TCM Formula, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wenxing Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing, China
| | - Yin Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing, China
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Pan Y, Zheng Q, Ni W, Wei Z, Yu S, Jia Q, Wang M, Wang A, Chen W, Lu Y. Breaking Glucose Transporter 1/Pyruvate Kinase M2 Glycolytic Loop Is Required for Cantharidin Inhibition of Metastasis in Highly Metastatic Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:590. [PMID: 31178738 PMCID: PMC6544055 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis plays a decisive role in cancer growth. However, its role in cancer metastasis was rarely understood. Cantharidin a natural compound from an arthropod insect cantharis exerts potent anticancer activity. Here we found cantharidin possesses significant anti-metastatic activity on breast cancer dependent on inhibition of aerobic glycolysis. Cantharidin indicates significant inhibition on migration and invasion of breast cancer cells, angiogenesis in vitro, and inhibits breast cancer cells metastasizing to liver and lung in vivo. Subsequent results revealed that cantharidin decreases the extracellular acidification rates (ECAR) but increases the oxygen consumption rates (OCR) in high metastatic cells, leading to suppression of aerobic glycolysis. This was considered to be due to inhibiting the activity of pyruvate kinase (PK) and further blocking pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) translocation in nucleus. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) and L-cysteine can significantly reverse cantharidin inhibition on breast cancer cell migration, invasion, and PKM2 translocation. Furthermore, glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) forming a metabolic loop with PKM2 is downregulated, as well as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), the regulator of the glycolytic loop. Totally, cantharidin inhibits the PKM2 nuclear translocation and breaks GLUT1/PKM2 glycolytic loop, resulting in aerobic glycolysis transformation to oxidation and subsequent reversing the metastases in breast cancer. Based on inhibiting multi signals mediated aerobic glycolysis, cantharidin could be prospectively used for prevention of metastasis in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenting Ni
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhonghong Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Suyun Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Jia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Aiyun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenxing Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing, China
| | - Yin Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing, China
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Zhu L, Li C, Liu Q, Xu W, Zhou X. Molecular biomarkers in cardiac hypertrophy. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:1671-1677. [PMID: 30648807 PMCID: PMC6378174 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is characterized by an increase in myocyte size in the absence of cell division. This condition is thought to be an adaptive response to cardiac wall stress resulting from the enhanced cardiac afterload. The pathogenesis of heart dysfunction, which is one of the primary causes of morbidity and mortality in elderly people, is often associated with myocardial remodelling caused by cardiac hypertrophy. In order to well understand the potential mechanisms, we described the molecules involved in the development and progression of myocardial hypertrophy. Increasing evidence has indicated that micro‐RNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy. In addition, molecular biomarkers including vascular endothelial growth factor B, NAD‐dependent deacetylase sirtuin‐3, growth/differentiation factor 15 and glycoprotein 130, also play important roles in the development of myocardial hypertrophy. Knowing the regulatory mechanisms of these biomarkers in the heart may help identify new molecular targets for the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weiting Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Coker-Gurkan A, Bulut D, Genc R, Arisan ED, Obakan-Yerlikaya P, Palavan-Unsal N. Curcumin prevented human autocrine growth hormone (GH) signaling mediated NF-κB activation and miR-183-96-182 cluster stimulated epithelial mesenchymal transition in T47D breast cancer cells. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 46:355-369. [PMID: 30467667 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4479-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Autocrine growth hormone (GH) signaling is a promoting factor for breast cancer via triggering abnormal cell growth, proliferation, and metastasis, drug resistance. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a polyphenol derived from turmeric (Curcuma longa), has anti-proliferative, anti-carcinogenic, anti-hormonal effect via acting on PI3K/Akt, NF-κB and JAK/STAT signaling. Forced GH expression induced epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) through stimulation of miR-182-96-183 cluster expression in breast cancer cells. This study aimed to investigate the role of NF-κB signaling and miR-182-96-183 cluster expression profile on autocrine GH-mediated curcumin resistance, which was prevented by time-dependent curcumin treatment in T47D breast cancer cells. Dose- and time-dependent effect of curcumin on T47D wt and GH+ breast cancer cells were evaluated by MTT cell viability and trypan blue assay. Apoptotic effect of curcumin was determined by PI and Annexin V/PI FACS flow analysis. Immunoblotting performed to investigate the effect of curcumin on PI3K/Akt/MAPK, NF-κB signaling. miR182-96-183 cluster expression profile was observed by qRT-PCR. Overexpression of GH triggered resistant profile against curcumin (20 µM) treatment for 24 h, but this resistance was accomplished following 48 h curcumin exposure. Concomitantly, forced GH induced invasion and metastasis through EMT and NF-κB activation were prevented by long-term curcumin exposure in T47D cells. Moreover, 48 h curcumin treatment prevented the autocrine GH-mediated miR-182-96-183 cluster expression stimulation in T47D cells. In consequence, curcumin treatment for 48 h, prevented autocrine GH-triggered invasion-metastasis, EMT activation through inhibiting NF-κB signaling and miR-182-96-183 cluster expression and induced apoptotic cell death by modulating Bcl-2 family members in T47D breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajda Coker-Gurkan
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Science and Letters Faculty, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Derya Bulut
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Science and Letters Faculty, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Recep Genc
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Science and Letters Faculty, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif-Damla Arisan
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Science and Letters Faculty, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pınar Obakan-Yerlikaya
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Science and Letters Faculty, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Narcin Palavan-Unsal
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Science and Letters Faculty, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey
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Lv J, Yang H, Wang X, He R, Ding L, Sun X. Decreased BRMS1L expression is correlated with glioma grade and predicts poor survival in glioblastoma via an invasive phenotype. Cancer Biomark 2018; 22:311-316. [PMID: 29660900 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-171019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the prognostic and clinicopathological features of glioma with BRMS1L expression. METHODS Total 120 glioma samples were obtained as discovery cohort. CGGA, GSE and TCGA datasets were obtained as validation sets. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier survival and multivariate Cox analysis were used to evaluate the survival distributions. Moreover, the functional role of BRMS1L was also analyzed by transwell assay. RESULTS In the discovery cohort, decreased BRMS1L expression was significantly associated with high-grade glioma as well as the higher mortality in survival analysis (log-rank test, p< 0.01). And the three validation cohorts showed the similar results. Furthermore, BRMS1L act as an independent prognostic factor in glioblastoma patients. Additionally, functional assay showed that ectopic of BRMS1L suppressed glioma cells' invasion. CONCLUSION BRMS1L plays as an anti-oncogene in GBM and indicates a new potential therapeutic target.
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Zhang W, Wu M, Chong QY, Zhang M, Zhang X, Hu L, Zhong Y, Qian P, Kong X, Tan S, Li G, Ding K, Lobie PE, Zhu T. Loss of Estrogen-Regulated MIR135A1 at 3p21.1 Promotes Tamoxifen Resistance in Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2018; 78:4915-4928. [PMID: 29945962 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The dysregulation of miRNAs has been increasingly recognized as a critical mediator of cancer development and progression. Here, we show that frequent deletion of the MIR135A1 locus is associated with poor prognosis in primary breast cancer. Forced expression of miR-135a decreased breast cancer progression, while inhibition of miR-135a with a specific miRNA sponge elicited opposing effects, suggestive of a tumor suppressive role of miR-135a in breast cancer. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) bound the promoter of MIR135A1 for its transcriptional activation, whereas tamoxifen treatment inhibited expression of miR-135a in ERα+ breast cancer cells. miR-135a directly targeted ESR1, ESRRA, and NCOA1, forming a negative feedback loop to inhibit ERα signaling. This regulatory feedback between miR-135a and ERα demonstrated that miR-135a regulated the response to tamoxifen. The tamoxifen-mediated decrease in miR-135a expression increased the expression of miR-135a targets to reduce tamoxifen sensitivity. Consistently, miR-135a expression was downregulated in ERα+ breast cancer cells with acquired tamoxifen resistance, while forced expression of miR-135a partially resensitized these cells to tamoxifen. Tamoxifen resistance mediated by the loss of miR-135a was shown to be partially dependent on the activation of the ERK1/2 and AKT pathways by miR-135a-targeted genes. Taken together, these results indicate that deletion of the MIR135A1 locus and decreased miR-135a expression promote ERα+ breast cancer progression and tamoxifen resistance.Significance: Loss of miR-135a in breast cancer disrupts an estrogen receptor-induced negative feedback loop, perpetuating disease progression and resistance to therapy.Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/17/4915/F1.large.jpg Cancer Res; 78(17); 4915-28. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mingming Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qing-Yun Chong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Min Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lan Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yanghao Zhong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Pengxu Qian
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangjun Kong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Sheng Tan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Gaopeng Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Keshuo Ding
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Peter E Lobie
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Cryptotanshinone suppresses key onco-proliferative and drug-resistant pathways of chronic myeloid leukemia by targeting STAT5 and STAT3 phosphorylation. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2018; 61:999-1009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-018-9324-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Nie J, Li CP, Li JH, Chen X, Zhong X. Analysis of non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease microRNA expression spectra in rat liver tissues. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2669-2680. [PMID: 30015905 PMCID: PMC6102666 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been increasing in recent years. Previous studies have suggested that micro (mi)RNAs may be involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. To investigate the role of miRNAs in rat NAFLD, a total of 16 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group and a model group. Rats in the control group were fed a normal diet for 12 weeks, whereas the rats in the model group were fed a high‑fat and high‑sugar diet for 12 weeks. Following this, the animals were sacrificed and liver tissues were rapidly removed to investigate the severity of NAFLD. Blood samples were collected to investigate liver function, in addition to total cholesterol, total triglyceride and fasting plasma glucose levels. Total RNA from three fresh liver samples per experimental group was extracted for subsequent miRNA gene chip analysis using GeneChip miRNA 4.0 to investigate differentially expressed miRNAs, and miRNA expression was further verified via reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR). Compared with the control group, the results revealed that there were 10 differentially expressed miRNAs in the model group, five of which were overexpressed and five of which were underexpressed compared with the control group. The results of the RT‑qPCR analysis revealed that miR‑182, miR‑29b‑3p and miR‑741‑3p were significantly overexpressed in the model group compared with the control group, which was largely consistent with the results of the microarray analysis. The results suggested that the differentially expressed microRNAs demonstrated in the present study may be involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD; however, the mechanism underlying the differential expression of miRNAs in NAFLD requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Nie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Ping Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Jue-Hong Li
- Graduate School, College of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
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Kabekkodu SP, Shukla V, Varghese VK, D' Souza J, Chakrabarty S, Satyamoorthy K. Clustered miRNAs and their role in biological functions and diseases. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 93:1955-1986. [PMID: 29797774 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, small non-coding RNAs known to regulate expression of protein-coding genes. A large proportion of miRNAs are highly conserved, localized as clusters in the genome, transcribed together from physically adjacent miRNAs and show similar expression profiles. Since a single miRNA can target multiple genes and miRNA clusters contain multiple miRNAs, it is important to understand their regulation, effects and various biological functions. Like protein-coding genes, miRNA clusters are also regulated by genetic and epigenetic events. These clusters can potentially regulate every aspect of cellular function including growth, proliferation, differentiation, development, metabolism, infection, immunity, cell death, organellar biogenesis, messenger signalling, DNA repair and self-renewal, among others. Dysregulation of miRNA clusters leading to altered biological functions is key to the pathogenesis of many diseases including carcinogenesis. Here, we review recent advances in miRNA cluster research and discuss their regulation and biological functions in pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shama P Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Vaibhav Shukla
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Vinay K Varghese
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Jeevitha D' Souza
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
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Basu R, Qian Y, Kopchick JJ. MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Lessons from growth hormone receptor gene-disrupted mice: are there benefits of endocrine defects? Eur J Endocrinol 2018; 178:R155-R181. [PMID: 29459441 DOI: 10.1530/eje-18-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) is produced primarily by anterior pituitary somatotroph cells. Numerous acute human (h) GH treatment and long-term follow-up studies and extensive use of animal models of GH action have shaped the body of GH research over the past 70 years. Work on the GH receptor (R)-knockout (GHRKO) mice and results of studies on GH-resistant Laron Syndrome (LS) patients have helped define many physiological actions of GH including those dealing with metabolism, obesity, cancer, diabetes, cognition and aging/longevity. In this review, we have discussed several issues dealing with these biological effects of GH and attempt to answer the question of whether decreased GH action may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reetobrata Basu
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
| | - Yanrong Qian
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
| | - John J Kopchick
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
- Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
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Pourteimoor V, Paryan M, Mohammadi‐Yeganeh S. microRNA as a systemic intervention in the specific breast cancer subtypes with C‐MYC impacts; introducing subtype‐based appraisal tool. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:5655-5669. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahdi Paryan
- Department of Research and Development, Production and Research ComplexPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Samira Mohammadi‐Yeganeh
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Cao Y, Tan S, Tu Y, Zhang G, Liu Y, Li D, Xu S, Le Z, Xiong J, Zou W, Gong P, Li Z, Jie Z. MicroRNA-125a-5p inhibits invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells by targeting BRMS1 expression. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:5119-5130. [PMID: 29552146 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating studies have demonstrated microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) have an important role in multiple processes of human malignant tumor development and progression. Decreased expression of miR-125a-5p has been observed in several types of cancer, including gastric cancer (GC). However, the mechanism and exact function of miR-125a-5p in GC have not been largely elucidated. In the present study, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction indicated that the expression of miR-125a-5p was downregulated in GC tissues and cell lines compared with matched normal tissues (P<0.01) and normal gastric mucosa cell lines (P<0.01), respectively. Moreover, clinical pathological characteristics and Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that a low expression of miR-125a-5p was not only associated with lymph metastasis, peritoneal dissemination and advanced tumor-node metastasis stage but also affected the prognosis of GC patients. Compared with miR-control-transfected GC cells, markedly decreased migration and invasion was observed in GC cells that overexpress miR-125a-5p. By contrast, increased metastasis and invasion were observed in miR-125a-5p-knocked down cells compared with the control. Furthermore, luciferase reporter assays indicated that breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1) was a direct target of miR-125a-5p. Notably, a positive correlation between the levels of BRMS1 and miR-125a-5p in GC tissues was observed, and BRMS1 expression was indicated to be regulated by miR-125a-5p in GC cells. In conclusion, miR-125a-5p may act as a tumor suppressor by targeting the metastasis-inhibitory gene, BRMS1. The data suggesting that BRMS1 is a potential target gene of miR-125a-5p, may provide novel insight into miRNA regulation of human gene expression, and a useful target for gene therapy of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cao
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Shengxing Tan
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yi Tu
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Guoyang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Daojiang Li
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhibiao Le
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Wenyu Zou
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Peitao Gong
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhengrong Li
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Jie
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Lee YJ, Bernstock JD, Klimanis D, Hallenbeck JM. Akt Protein Kinase, miR-200/miR-182 Expression and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Proteins in Hibernating Ground Squirrels. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:22. [PMID: 29440989 PMCID: PMC5797618 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hibernating 13-lined ground squirrels (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus; TLGS) rank among the most brain hypoperfusion-tolerant mammals known. Herein we provide some evidence of cycling between an epithelial phenotype and a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) phenotype (partial EMT) within the brains of TLGS during each bout of hibernation torpor. During hibernation torpor, expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin (E-CDH) was reduced, while expression of the well-known mesenchymal markers vimentin and Sox2 were increased. P-cadherin (P-CDH), which has recently been proposed as a marker of intermediate/partial EMT, also increased during torpor, suggesting that a partial EMT may be taking place during hibernation torpor. Members of the miR-200 family and miR-182 cluster and Akt isoforms (Akt1, Akt2), well-known EMT regulators, were also differentially regulated in the TLGS brain during hibernation bouts. Using SHSY5Y cells, we also demonstrate that the Akt1/Akt2 ratio determined the expression levels of miR-200/miR-182 miRNA family members, and that these miRNAs controlled the expression of EMT-related proteins. Accordingly, we propose that such cell state transitions (EMT/MET) may be one of the mechanisms underlying the extraordinary ischemic tolerance of the TLGS brain during hibernation bouts; hibernator brain cells appear to enter reversible states that confer the stress survival characteristics of cancer cells without the risk of neoplastic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Ja Lee
- Clinical Investigation Section, Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (NINDS/NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Joshua D Bernstock
- Clinical Investigation Section, Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (NINDS/NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Dace Klimanis
- Clinical Investigation Section, Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (NINDS/NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - John M Hallenbeck
- Clinical Investigation Section, Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (NINDS/NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
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50
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Chen Y, Wei H, Liu Y, Zheng S. Promotional effect of microRNA-194 on breast cancer cells via targeting F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 7. Oncol Lett 2018. [PMID: 29541212 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common type of malignant cancer in females. An increasing number of studies have revealed that microRNAs (miR), which belong to a class of small non-coding RNAs, serve an important role in a number of human cancer subtypes. In the present study, the role of miR-194 in breast cancer cells and its underlying mechanisms were investigated. The results demonstrated that the serum levels of miR-194 were significantly higher in patients of the poorly differentiated and well-differentiated groups, compared with in healthy adults. Additionally, the serum level of miR-194 was significantly higher in the poorly differentiated group compared with in the well-differentiated group. In order to further investigate the role of miR-194 in breast cancer cells, the present study transfected two breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, with an empty vector (control), miR-194 (overexpression), antagomiR-194 (inhibitor, functional knock down) or antagomiR-194 and miR-194. An MTT assay was performed in order to detect the proliferation of breast cancer cells in the various groups. The results revealed that the overexpression of miR-194 significantly accelerated cell proliferation, whereas the inhibition of miR-194 significantly decelerated the proliferation of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, the expression levels of cyclin D and cyclin E were significantly upregulated in miR-194 overexpressing cells, and the expression levels of cyclin D and cyclin E were significantly downregulated in miR-194 inhibited cells, as compared with in control cells. No significant change was observed in the level of proliferation of cells co-transfected with miR-194 and antagomiR-194, compared with in the control cells. According to the hypothesis suggesting possible target genes of miR-194, the present study proposed that F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 7 (Fbxw-7) may be a direct target of miR-194, which was confirmed by a luciferase reporter assay. The present study suggested that miR-194 expression promoted the proliferation of breast cancer cells by targeting Fbxw-7, and may serve as a biomarker and a novel target for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaomin Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Wei
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory Combined Multiorgan Transplant, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China.,Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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