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Souza VVD, Moreira DP, Braz-Mota S, Valente W, Cotta GC, Rodrigues MDS, Nóbrega RH, Corrêa RDS, Hoyos DCDM, Sanches EA, Val AL, Lacerda SMDSN. Simulated climate change and atrazine contamination can synergistically impair zebrafish testicular function. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174173. [PMID: 38925398 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Elements that interfere with reproductive processes can have profound impacts on population and the equilibrium of ecosystems. Global warming represents the major environmental challenge of the 21st century, as it will affect all forms of life in the coming decades. Another coexisting concern is the persistent pollution by pesticides, particularly the herbicide Atrazine (ATZ), which is responsible for a significant number of contamination incidents in surface waters worldwide. While it is hypothesized that climate changes will significantly enhance the toxic effects of pesticides, the actual impact of these phenomena remain largely unexplored. Here, we conducted a climate-controlled room experiment to assess the interactive effects of the projected 2100 climate scenario and environmentally realistic ATZ exposures on the reproductive function of male zebrafish. The gonadosomatic index significantly decreased in fish kept in the extreme scenario. Cellular alterations across spermatogenesis phases led to synergic decreased sperm production and increased germ cell sloughing and death. ATZ exposure alone or combined with climate change effects, disrupted the transcription levels of key genes involved in steroidogenesis, hormone signaling and spermatogenesis regulation. An additive modulation with decreased 11-KT production and increased E2 levels was also evidenced, intensifying the effects of androgen/estrogen imbalance. Moreover, climate change and ATZ independently induced oxidative stress, upregulation of proapoptotic gene and DNA damage in post-meiotic germ cell, but the negative effects of ATZ were greater at extreme scenario. Ultimately, exposure to simulated climate changes severely impaired fertilization capacity, due to a drastic reduction in sperm motility and/or viability. These findings indicate that the future climate conditions have the potential to considerably enhance the toxicity of ATZ at low concentrations, leading to significant deleterious consequences for fish reproductive function and fertility. These may provide relevant information to supporting healthcare and environmental managers in decision-making related to climate changes and herbicide regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Ventura de Souza
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Davidson Peruci Moreira
- Laboratory of Ichthiohistology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Susana Braz-Mota
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research in the Amazon, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Wanderson Valente
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Caldeira Cotta
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maira da Silva Rodrigues
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Henrique Nóbrega
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Dias Serafim Corrêa
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Antônio Sanches
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil
| | - Adalberto Luís Val
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research in the Amazon, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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2
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Nicy V, Gurusubramanian G, Roy VK. Effects of chronic CuNPs treatment followed by termination for two spermatogenic cycles in the testicular functions of mice. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 129:108669. [PMID: 39038765 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
The present study investigated the possible effects of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) after discontinuing treatment on testicular activity in a mouse model. The male mice were given continuous CuNPs treatment for 70 days and left untreated for 70 days. The results show that even after the discontinuation of CuNPs treatment, the testicular impairment was persistent till 140 days at a higher dose (200 mg/kg group). The spermatogenesis, sperm parameters, proliferation and antioxidant status were suppressed in the higher dose groups. However, these effects were also observed at moderate levels in the other CuNPs treated groups, such as at 10 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg. The apoptosis was stimulated at a higher dose compared to the other groups. The testosterone, LH levels and AR expression were suppressed in all the CuNPs treated groups, along with slight elevation in the estrogen levels and up-regulated ERβ expression. The fertility data also showed a decline in all CuNPs treated groups with the lowest litter size in the 200 mg/kg treated group. Despite testis, epididymis and accessory sex organs like prostate, seminal vesicle, and vas deferens, histoarchitecture also showed impairment. This is the first report on how CuNPs affect the male reproductive system in mice even after treatment was terminated. The current study also demonstrated possible negative effects on male reproductive function that might last for longer at higher dosages of chronic CuNPs exposure even after termination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanrohlu Nicy
- Department of Zoology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram 796004, India
| | | | - Vikas Kumar Roy
- Department of Zoology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram 796004, India.
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3
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Mogus JP, Marin M, Arowolo O, Salemme V, Suvorov A. Developmental exposures to common environmental pollutants result in long-term Reprogramming of hypothalamic-pituitary axis in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 361:124890. [PMID: 39236844 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Humans are exposed to a range of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Many studies demonstrate that exposures to EDCs during critical windows of development can permanently affect endocrine health outcomes. Most experimental studies address changes in secretion of hormones produced by gonads, thyroid gland and adrenals, and little is known about the ability of EDCs to produce long-term changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary (HP) control axes. Here, we examined the long-term effects of three common EDCs on male mouse HP gene expression, following developmental exposures. Pregnant mice were exposed to 0.2 mg/ml solutions of bisphenol S (BPS), 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), or 3,3',5,5'-tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) from pregnancy day 8 through lactation day 21 (weaning day). Male offspring were left untreated until postnatal day 140, where pituitaries and hypothalami were collected. Pituitaries were assed for gene expression via RNA sequencing, while specific genes were assessed for expression in hypothalami via RT-qPCR. Differential expression, as well as gene enrichment and pathway analysis, indicated that all three chemicals induced long-term changes, (mostly suppression) in pituitary genes involved in its endocrine function. BPS and BDE-47 produced effects overlapping significantly at the level of effected genes and pathways. All three chemicals altered pathways of gonad and liver HP axes, while BPS altered HP-adrenal and BDE-47 altered HP-thyroid pathways specifically. All three chemicals reduced expression of immune genes in the pituitaries. Targeted gene expression in the hypothalamus indicates down regulation of hypothalamic endocrine control genes by BPS and BDE-47 groups, concordant with changes in the pituitary, suggesting that these chemicals suppress overall HP endocrine function. Interestingly, all three chemicals altered pituitary genes of GPCR-mediated intracellular signaling molecules, key signalers common to many pituitary responses to hormones. The results of this study show that developmental exposures to common EDCs have long-term impacts on hormonal feedback control at the hypothalamic-pituitary level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Mogus
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts - Amherst, USA
| | - Marjorie Marin
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts - Amherst, USA
| | - Olatunbosun Arowolo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts - Amherst, USA
| | - Victoria Salemme
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts - Amherst, USA; Currently at Department of Pharmacology, Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology Group, University of California - Davis, USA
| | - Alexander Suvorov
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts - Amherst, USA.
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4
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Forthun IH, Roelants M, Knutsen HK, Haug LS, Iszatt N, Schell LM, Jugessur A, Bjerknes R, Oehme NB, Madsen A, Bruserud IS, Juliusson PB. Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Timing of Puberty in Norwegian Boys: Data from the Bergen Growth Study 2. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39226441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c06062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread environmental contaminants with endocrine-disruptive properties. Their impact on puberty in boys is unclear. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the association between PFAS exposure and pubertal timing in 300 Norwegian boys (9-16 years), enrolled in the Bergen Growth Study 2 during 2016. We measured 19 PFAS in serum samples and used objective pubertal markers, including ultrasound-measured testicular volume (USTV), Tanner staging of pubic hair development, and serum levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone. In addition to logistic regression of single pollutants and the sum of PFAS, Bayesian and elastic net regression were used to estimate the contribution of the individual PFAS. Higher levels of the sum of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) were associated with later pubertal onset according to USTV (age-adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.20, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.29, 3.93) and testosterone level (AOR: 2.35, 95% CI: 1.34, 4.36). Bayesian modeling showed that higher levels of PFNA and PFHxS were associated with later pubertal onset by USTV, while higher levels of PFNA and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) were associated with later pubertal onset by testosterone level. Our findings indicate that certain PFAS were associated with delay in male pubertal onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingvild Halsør Forthun
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Children and Youth Clinic, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Mathieu Roelants
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment and Health KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Helle Katrine Knutsen
- Department of Food Safety, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway
- Center for Sustainable Diets, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Line Småstuen Haug
- Department of Food Safety, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway
- Center for Sustainable Diets, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Nina Iszatt
- Department of Food Safety, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway
- Center for Sustainable Diets, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Lawrence M Schell
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, Albany, New York 12144, United States
| | - Astanand Jugessur
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Robert Bjerknes
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Children and Youth Clinic, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Ninnie B Oehme
- Children and Youth Clinic, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Andre Madsen
- Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Petur Benedikt Juliusson
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Children and Youth Clinic, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Health Registry Research and Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 5808 Bergen, Norway
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Cham TC, Ibtisham F, Al-Dissi A, Honaramooz A. An in vitro testicular organoid model for the study of testis morphogenesis, somatic cell maturation, endocrine function, and toxicological assessment of endocrine disruptors. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 128:108645. [PMID: 38897308 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Male reproductive capacity has fallen considerably in recent decades; in addition, the incidence of testicular cancer has increased in many developed countries. The cause of this phenomenon is unknown, but environmental toxicants are considered a major contributing factor. To study potential reproductive toxicants, robust in vitro testis models are needed. We have recently established a porcine testis organoid system with a high resemblance to the architectures of innate testis tissue. Here, we further investigated the testis morphogenesis, cell maturation, and endocrine function of the testis organoids. We also challenged this system with abiraterone, a steroidogenic inhibitor, to validate its suitability as an in vitro platform for endocrine toxicology tests. Our results showed that the testis cells in the organoids reorganize into testis cordal structures, and the cordal relative areas increase in the organoids over time of culture. Moreover, the diameters and cell numbers per cross-section of the cordal structures increased over time. Interestingly, Sertoli cells in the organoids gradually underwent maturational changes by showing increased expression of androgen receptors, decreased expression of the anti-müllerian hormone, and formation of the blood-testis barrier. Next, we confirmed that the organoids respond to hormonal stimulation and release multiple sex hormones, including testosterone, estradiol, and progesterone. Finally, we showed that the production of testosterone and estradiol in this system can be inhibited in response to the steroidogenic inhibitor. Taken together, our organoid system provides a promising in vitro platform for male reproductive toxicology studies on testis morphogenesis, somatic cell maturation, and endocrine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tat-Chuan Cham
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Fahar Ibtisham
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Ahmad Al-Dissi
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Ali Honaramooz
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada.
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Ijaz MU, Imtiaz S, Hayat MF, Batool M, Al-Ghanim KA, Riaz MN. Sudachitin Alleviates Paraquat Instigated Testicular Toxicity in Albino Rats via Regulating Nrf-2/Keap-1, Inflammatory, Steroidogenic, and Histological Profile. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39179512 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) is a noxious herbicide which adversely affects the vital organs including male reproductive system. Sudachitin (SCN) is a naturally occurring flavonoid that demonstrates a wide range of biological potentials. The current study was designed to investigate the alleviative potential of SCN to avert PQ-induced testicular toxicity in rats. Forty-eight male rats (Rattus norvegicus) were apportioned into four groups including control, PQ (5 mg/kg), PQ + SCN (5 mg/kg + 30 mg/kg), and SCN (30 mg/kg) only treated group. Our findings elucidated that PQ treatment reduced the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) and its antioxidant genes as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GSR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), while elevating the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Furthermore, PQ intoxication upregulated the expressions of Keap-1 while downregulating the expression of 3-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), 17-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD), and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR). Moreover, sperm anomalies were increased following the exposure to PQ. Besides, PQ exposure decreased the levels of plasma testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) while increasing the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Additionally, PQ treatment escalated the expressions of cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteases-3 (Caspase-3) and Bcl-2-associated X-protein (Bax) while downregulating the expressions of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). Furthermore, PQ exposure disrupted the normal architecture of testicular tissues. However, SCN treatment remarkably protected the testicular tissues via regulating the aforementioned disruptions owing to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and androgenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sana Imtiaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faisal Hayat
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Moazama Batool
- Department of Zoology, Govt. College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Khalid A Al-Ghanim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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7
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Yilmaz N, Yasi N RZI, Yildiz A. Intracerebroventricular injection of spexin stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis and increases the secretion of male reproductive hormones in rats. Ann Anat 2024; 255:152300. [PMID: 38971451 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Male reproductive functions are regulated in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Any problem in this axis would lead to the deterioration of reproductive functions. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of intracerebroventricular (icv) Spexin (SPX) infusion on the HPG axis in detail. METHODS 40 Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: control, sham, SPX 30 nmol and SPX 100 nmol (n=10). 30 nmol/1 µl/hour SPX was administered icv to the rats in the SPX 30 nmol group for 7 days, while rats in the SPX 100 nmol group were administered 100 nmol/1 µl/hour SPX. On the 7th day, the rats were decapitated, blood and tissue samples were collected. Serum LH, FSH and testosterone levels were determined with the ELISA method, GnRH mRNA expression level was determined in hypothalamus with the RT-PCR method. Seminiferous tubule diameter and epithelial thickness were determined with the hematoxylin-eosin staining method. RESULTS SPX infusion was increased GnRH mRNA expression in the hypothalamus tissue independent of the dose (p<0.05). Serum LH, FSH and testosterone levels in the SPX groups were increased when compared to the control and sham groups independent of the dose (p <0.05). Histological analysis revealed that SPX infusion did not lead to any changes in seminiferous epithelial thickness, while the tubule diameter increased in the SPX groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSION The study findings demonstrated that icv SPX infusion stimulated the HPG axis and increased the secretion of male reproductive hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesibe Yilmaz
- Karabük University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Karabük, Turkey.
| | | | - Azibe Yildiz
- İnönü University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embriyology, Malatya, Turkey
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Chung E, Hui J, Xin ZC, Kim SW, Moon DG, Yuan Y, Nagao K, Hakim L, Chang HC, Mak SK, Duarsa GWK, Dai Y, Yao B, Son H, Huang W, Lin H, Nguyen Q, Mai DBT, Park K, Lee J, Tantiwongse K, Sato Y, Jiann BP, Ho C, Park HJ. Management of Male Infertility with Coexisting Sexual Dysfunction: A Consensus Statement and Clinical Recommendations from the Asia-Pacific Society of Sexual Medicine (APSSM) and the Asian Society of Men's Health and Aging (ASMHA). World J Mens Health 2024; 42:471-486. [PMID: 37853539 PMCID: PMC11216964 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.230180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Male infertility (MI) and male sexual dysfunction (MSD) can often coexist together due to various interplay factors such as psychosexual, sociocultural and relationship dynamics. The presence of each form of MSD can adversely impact male reproduction and treatment strategies will need to be individualized based on patients' factors, local expertise, and geographical socioeconomic status. The Asia Pacific Society of Sexual Medicine (APSSM) and the Asian Society of Men's Health and Aging (ASMHA) aim to provide a consensus statement and practical set of clinical recommendations based on current evidence to guide clinicians in the management of MI and MSD within the Asia-Pacific (AP) region. A comprehensive, narrative review of the literature was performed to identify the various forms of MSD and their association with MI. MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched for the following English language articles under the following terms: "low libido", "erectile dysfunction", "ejaculatory dysfunction", "premature ejaculation", "retrograde ejaculation", "delayed ejaculation", "anejaculation", and "orgasmic dysfunction" between January 2001 to June 2022 with emphasis on published guidelines endorsed by various organizations. This APSSM consensus committee panel evaluated and provided evidence-based recommendations on MI and clinically relevant MSD areas using a modified Delphi method by the panel and specific emphasis on locoregional socio-economic-cultural issues relevant to the AP region. While variations exist in treatment strategies for managing MI and MSD due to geographical expertise, locoregional resources, and sociocultural factors, the panel agreed that comprehensive fertility evaluation with a multidisciplinary management approach to each MSD domain is recommended. It is important to address individual MI issues with an emphasis on improving spermatogenesis and facilitating reproductive avenues while at the same time, managing various MSD conditions with evidence-based treatments. All therapeutic options should be discussed and implemented based on the patient's individual needs, beliefs and preferences while incorporating locoregional expertise and available resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Chung
- Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- AndroUrology Centre, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Jiang Hui
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong Cheng Xin
- Male Reproductive and Sexual Medicine, Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Sae Woong Kim
- Department of Urology, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Du Geon Moon
- Department of Urology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yiming Yuan
- Andrology Centre, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Koichi Nagao
- Department of Urology, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lukman Hakim
- Department of Urology, Universitas Airlangga Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Hong-Chiang Chang
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Siu King Mak
- Department of Surgery, Union Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Yutian Dai
- The Department of Andrology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing Yao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hwancheol Son
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - William Huang
- Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Haocheng Lin
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Quang Nguyen
- Centre of Andrology and Sexual Medicine, Viet Duc University Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dung Ba Tien Mai
- Department of Urology, Binh Dan Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Kwangsung Park
- Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Joe Lee
- Department of Urology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Yoshikazu Sato
- Department of Urology, Sanjukai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Bang-Ping Jiann
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Christopher Ho
- School of Medicine, Taylor's University, Subang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hyun Jun Park
- Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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9
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Garza-Brenner E, Sánchez-Dávila F, Mauleón-Tolentino K, Zapata-Campos CC, Luna-Palomera C, Hernandez-Melendez J, Gonzalez-Delgado M, Vázquez-Armijo JF. Systematic review of hormonal strategies to improve fertility in rams. Anim Reprod 2024; 21:e20240007. [PMID: 38903866 PMCID: PMC11189135 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2024-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Reviewing the current state of knowledge on reproductive performance and productive traits in rams has many advantages. First, the compilation of this information will serve as a literature resource for scientists conducting research around the world and will contribute to the understanding of the data collected and interpreted by researchers on the different hormonal strategies used to improve reproductive performance in rams. Second, it will allow scientists to identify current knowledge gaps and set future research priorities in ram reproduction. Rams play an important role in the global flock economy, but their reproductive analysis has been limited in the use of hormonal technologies to increase the productivity of sheep flocks. In this review, we cite the most important works on six hormones that, in one way or another, modify the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis, at different doses, in and out of the reproductive season, breeds, application methods, among other factors. The overall aim is to increase the reproductive efficiency of rams in different scenarios and, in some cases, of other species due to the lack of limited information on rams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Garza-Brenner
- Facultad de Agronomía, Posgrado Conjunto, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Escobedo, N.L México
| | - Fernando Sánchez-Dávila
- Facultad de Agronomía, Posgrado Conjunto, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Escobedo, N.L México
| | - Keyla Mauleón-Tolentino
- Facultad de Agronomía, Posgrado Conjunto, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Escobedo, N.L México
| | - Cecilia Carmela Zapata-Campos
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, México
| | - Carlos Luna-Palomera
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
| | | | - Marisol Gonzalez-Delgado
- Centro de Investigación en Producción Agropecuaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Linares, Nuevo León, México
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Chilaka KN, Namoju R. Maternal supplementation of alpha-lipoic acid ameliorates prenatal cytarabine-induced mutilation in reproductive development and function in F1 male adult rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:4035-4053. [PMID: 38010397 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02852-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Cytarabine (CYT), a prevalent anticancer drug for blood cancers, detrimentally affects male reproductive development and function. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), a universal antioxidant, offers defense against chemical-induced reproductive dysfunction. Our study sought to explore ALA's protective role against prenatal CYT-induced reproductive impairment in F1 male adult rats. MAIN METHODS Pregnant rats were divided into 5 groups and administered normal saline, ALA 200 mg/kg, CYT 12.5 mg/kg, CYT 25 mg/kg, and CYT 25 mg/kg + ALA 200 mg/ kg from gestational day 8 to 21. On postnatal day 73, F1 male rats were sacrificed, and general, oxidative, steroidogenic, spermatogenic, histological, and morphometrical parameters were evaluated. KEY FINDINGS Prenatal CYT caused dose-dependent reductions in body weight, testis, and accessory gland weights; elevated oxidative stress; delayed puberty onset; sperm anomalies (decreased count, motility, viability, seminal fructose; increased morphological anomalies); impeded steroidogenesis (lower testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, 3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase(HSD), 17β-HSD, and elevated cholesterol); and testicular histopathological and morphometric disturbances. Maternal supplementation of ALA was found to alleviate all the CYT-induced reproductive disruptions. SIGNIFICANCE The present work accentuates the beneficial actions of ALA against CYT-induced impairment in reproductive development and functions by combating disruptions in oxidative balance, steroidogenesis, spermatogenesis, and testicular histological aberrations. However, future experimental and clinical studies are warranted to explore the molecular mechanisms involved in the ALA's protection against prenatal CYT-induced testicular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha N Chilaka
- GITAM Institute of Pharmacy, GITAM Deemed to Be University, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530045, India
| | - Ramanachary Namoju
- GITAM Institute of Pharmacy, GITAM Deemed to Be University, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530045, India.
- Department of Pharmacology, Bhaskar Pharmacy College, Jawaharlal Nehru Technical University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500075, India.
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11
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Shish L, Reardon E, Kogan S. Fertility prospects for the prune-belly patient: A scoping review. J Pediatr Urol 2024; 20:446-454. [PMID: 38267308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With advances in medical care and assisted reproductive technologies (ART), fertility prospects for prune-belly syndrome (PBS) men may be changing. This review aims to identify the factors influencing fertility and optimization of reproductive health for PBS patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A scoping review was performed on all records published over 70 years (1952-2022) analyzing fertility in PBS males. Records were summarized in a table and narrative describing cryptorchidism, orchiopexy, testicle histology; prostate characteristics; sex hormone function; semen analyses, ART, and conception ability. This review was registered on Open Science Framework (OSF) and conducted using PRISMA methodology. RESULTS 827 articles were identified and 83 were selected for data extraction. Before 2000, there were 0.85 publications/year whereas after 2000 there were 1.95 publications/year. Orchiopexy successfully relocated 86 % of PBS testicles into the scrotum. Testicular histology demonstrated 50 % of patients had no spermatogonia, while 47.2 % and 2.7 % had reduced or normal numbers respectively. Leydig hyperplasia and Sertoli only histology were found in 19.4 % of patients. Prostatic hypoplasia and prostatic urethral dilation were found in 93.6 % and 91.4 % of patients respectively. Testosterone, Luteinizing hormone (LH) and Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were normal in 93.9 %, 87.7 % and 77.9 % of patients respectively. Azoospermia and oligospermia was found in 75.7 % and 21.6 % of patients respectively while 60.7 % had antegrade ejaculation. ART successfully extracted sperm in 6 instances and resulted in 4 conceptions, while natural conception was reported twice. CONCLUSIONS Data analysis indicates increased attention to fertility prospects for PBS males with evaluation of PBS patient's hormonal function, semen analyses, ART, and conception ability. The reviewed data suggest that PBS males may father biological offspring with contemporary management and also demonstrate the need for consistent reproductive management approaches to maximize their fertility prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lane Shish
- University of Minnesota, Department of Urology, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Erin Reardon
- University of Minnesota, Health Sciences Library, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Stanley Kogan
- Wake Forest University, Pediatrics and Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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12
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Mohamed RS, Mohamed RH, Wehrend A, Tahoun EA, Hussein HA. The effects of saline water consumption on sperm parameters, testicular histopathology, hormonal and antioxidants concentrations in Barki Rams. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:219. [PMID: 38778406 PMCID: PMC11112924 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04047-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the effects of water salinity on the sperm parameters, levels of cortisol, LH, FSH, testosterone and antioxidants as well as the testes' histopathology in Barki rams. Fifteen healthy Barki rams (1-1.5 years) were divided into three equal depending on the type of drinking water for nine months. The rams in the tap water group (TW, water that contained 350 ppm of total dissolved salts (TDS). Males in the high saline water group (HSW) were permitted to consume high saline water with 8,934 ppm TDS, whereas those in the second group were permitted to have moderately saline water (MSW, 4,557 ppm TDS). High salt concentration in drinking water had adverse effect on sperm viability, morphology and sperm cell concertation. Nitric oxide and malondialdehyde concentrations in blood were significantly higher in the MSW and HSW groups than in TW. There was a significant decrease in glutathione concentration as well as superoxide dismutase activity in TDS and HSW. Cortisol was most highly concentrated in the HSW, next in the MSW, and least in TW. The testosterone, LH, and FSH concentrations in the HSW and MSW groups were significantly lower than in TW. As the salt concentration in drinking water increases, damage to testicular tissue. The MSW group demonstrating vacuolation of lining epithelial cells with pyknotic nuclei in the epididymis and necrosis and desquamation of spermatogenic cells in seminiferous tubules while HSW group displaying desquamated necrotic cells and giant cell formation in the epididymis, as well as damage to some of the seminiferous tubules and showed congestion, vacuolation of spermatogenic epithelium of seminiferous tubules, and desquamated necrotic spermatogenic epithelium. In conclusion, the salinity of the water has detrimental impacts on the sperm morphology, viability and concentration, hormones and antioxidant levels in Barki rams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha S Mohamed
- Department of Animal Health, Animal and Poultry Production Division, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ragab H Mohamed
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
| | - Axel Wehrend
- Clinic for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Andrology of Large and Small Animals with Veterinary Ambulance, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Enas A Tahoun
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Menofia, 32897, Egypt
| | - Hassan A Hussein
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sphinx University, New Assiut, Egypt.
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13
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Farhangnia P, Noormohammadi M, Delbandi AA. Vitamin D and reproductive disorders: a comprehensive review with a focus on endometriosis. Reprod Health 2024; 21:61. [PMID: 38698459 PMCID: PMC11064344 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-024-01797-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble steroid hormone that was initially known only for regulating calcium and phosphorus levels and maintaining bone health. However, it was later discovered that many organs express vitamin D metabolizing enzymes and have a ligand for vitamin D, which regulates the expression of an extensive assortment of genes. As a result, vitamin D is indispensable for the proper function of organs, and its deficiency is believed to be a critical factor in symptoms and disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancers. The significance of vitamin D in reproductive tissues was recognized later, and studies have revealed its crucial role in male and female fertility, as well as proper reproductive function during pregnancy. Vitamin D deficiency has been identified as a risk factor for infertility, gonadal cancers, pregnancy complications, polycystic ovary syndrome, and endometriosis. However, data investigating the association between vitamin D levels and reproductive disorders, including endometriosis, have encountered inconsistencies. Therefore, the present study aims to review existing research on the effect of vitamin D on proper reproductive function, and the role of deficiency in reproductive diseases and specifically focuses on endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooya Farhangnia
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Immunology Board for Transplantation and Cell-Based Therapeutics (ImmunoTACT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Reproductive Sciences and Technology Research Center, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morvarid Noormohammadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali-Akbar Delbandi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Immunology Board for Transplantation and Cell-Based Therapeutics (ImmunoTACT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
- Reproductive Sciences and Technology Research Center, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Santacruz-Márquez R, Neff AM, Mourikes VE, Fletcher EJ, Flaws JA. The effects of inhaled pollutants on reproduction in marginalized communities: a contemporary review. Inhal Toxicol 2024; 36:286-303. [PMID: 37075037 PMCID: PMC10584991 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2023.2197941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Important differences in health that are closely linked with social disadvantage exist within and between countries. According to the World Health Organization, life expectancy and good health continue to increase in many parts of the world, but fail to improve in other parts of the world, indicating that differences in life expectancy and health arise due to the circumstances in which people grow, live, work, and age, and the systems put in place to deal with illness. Marginalized communities experience higher rates of certain diseases and more deaths compared to the general population, indicating a profound disparity in health status. Although several factors place marginalized communities at high risk for poor health outcomes, one important factor is exposure to air pollutants. Marginalized communities and minorities are exposed to higher levels of air pollutants than the majority population. Interestingly, a link exists between air pollutant exposure and adverse reproductive outcomes, suggesting that marginalized communities may have increased reproductive disorders due to increased exposure to air pollutants compared to the general population. This review summarizes different studies showing that marginalized communities have higher exposure to air pollutants, the types of air pollutants present in our environment, and the associations between air pollution and adverse reproductive outcomes, focusing on marginalized communities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alison M. Neff
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
| | | | - Endia J. Fletcher
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
| | - Jodi A. Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
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15
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Ali W, Buriro RS, Gandahi JA, Chen Y, Aabdin ZU, Bhutto S, Sun J, Zhu J, Liu Z, Zou H. A critical review on male-female reproductive and developmental toxicity induced by micro-plastics and nano-plastics through different signaling pathways. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 394:110976. [PMID: 38552764 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
It is widely accepted that humans are constantly exposed to micro-plastics and nano-plastics through various routes, including inhalation of airborne particles, exposure to dust, and consumption of food and water. It is estimated that humans may consume thousand to millions of micro-plastic particles, equating to several milligrams per day. Prolonged exposure to micro-plastics and nano-plastics has been linked to negative effects on different living organisms, including neurotoxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity, nephrotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity, and developmental toxicities. The main purpose of this review is to explore the effect of micro-plastics and nano-plastics on the male and female reproductive system, as well as their offspring, and the associated mechanism implicated in the reproductive and developmental toxicities. Micro-plastics and nano-plastics have been shown to exert negative effects on the reproductive system of both male and female mammals and aquatic animals, including developmental impacts on gonads, gametes, embryo, and their subsequent generation. In addition, micro-plastics and nano-plastics impact the hypothalamic-pituitary axes, leading to oxidative stress, reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, cytotoxicity, developmental abnormalities, poor sperm quality, diminishes ovarian ovulation and immune toxicity. This study discusses the so many different signaling pathways associated in the male and female reproductive and developmental toxicity induced by micro-plastics and nano-plastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Ali
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China
| | - Rehana Shahnawaz Buriro
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China
| | - Jameel Ahmed Gandahi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China
| | - Yan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China
| | - Zain Ul Aabdin
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Public Health Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Ziauddin University, Pakistan
| | - Sahar Bhutto
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China
| | - Jian Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China
| | - Jiaqiao Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China.
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China.
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16
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Ali N, Lunenfeld E, Huleihel M. Effect of IL-1β on the Development of Spermatogenesis In Vitro in Normal and Busulfan-Treated Immature Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4926. [PMID: 38732137 PMCID: PMC11084478 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Gonadotoxic agents could impair spermatogenesis and may lead to male infertility. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of IL-1β on the development of spermatogenesis from cells isolated from seminiferous tubules (STs) of normal and busulfan-treated immature mice in vitro. Cells were cultured in a 3D in vitro culture system for 5 weeks. We examined the development of cells from the different stages of spermatogenesis by immunofluorescence staining or qPCR analyses. Factors of Sertoli and Leydig cells were examined by qPCR analysis. We showed that busulfan (BU) treatment significantly reduced the expression of testicular IL-1β in the treated mice compared to the control group (CT). Cultures of cells from normal and busulfan-treated immature mice induced the development of pre-meiotic (Vasa), meiotic (Boule), and post-meiotic (acrosin) cells. However, the percentage of developed Boule and acrosin cells was significantly lower in cultures of busulfan-treated mice compared to normal mice. Adding IL-1β to both cultures significantly increased the percentages of Vasa, Boule, and acrosin cells compared to their controls. However, the percentage of Boule and acrosin cells was significantly lower from cultures of busulfan-treated mice that were treated with IL-1β compared to cultures treated with IL-1β from normal mice. Furthermore, addition of IL-1β to cultures from normal mice significantly increased only the expression of androgen receptor and transferrin but no other factors of Sertoli cells compared to their CT. However, the addition of IL-1β to cultures from busulfan-treated mice significantly increased only the expression of androgen-binding protein and the FSH receptor compared to their CT. Adding IL-1β to cultures of normal mice did not affect the expression of 3βHSD compared to the CT, but it significantly reduced its expression in cultures from busulfan-treated mice compared to the CT. Our findings demonstrate the development of different stages of spermatogenesis in vitro from busulfan-treated mice and that IL-1β could potentiate this development in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagham Ali
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel;
- The Center of Advanced Research and Education in Reproduction (CARER), Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Eitan Lunenfeld
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel;
| | - Mahmoud Huleihel
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel;
- The Center of Advanced Research and Education in Reproduction (CARER), Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel
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17
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Hu Y, Shen M, Wang C, Huang Q, Li R, Dorj G, Gombojav E, Du J, Ren L. A meta-analysis-based adverse outcome pathway for the male reproductive toxicity induced by microplastics and nanoplastics in mammals. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133375. [PMID: 38160553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The male reproductive toxicity of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) has attracted great attention, but the latent mechanisms remain fragmented. This review performed the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) analysis and meta-analysis in 39 relevant studies, with the AOP analysis to reveal the cause-and-effect relationships of MPs/NPs-induced male reproductive toxicity and the meta-analysis to quantify the toxic effects. In the AOP framework, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the molecular initiating event (MIE), which triggered several key events (KEs) at different levels. At the cellular level, the KEs included oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, sperm DNA damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis and autophagy of testicular cells, repressed expression of steroidogenic enzymes and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, disrupted hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular (HPT) axis, and gut microbiota alteration. These KEs further induced the reduction of testosterone, impaired blood-testis barrier (BTB), testicular inflammation, and impaired spermatogenesis at tissue/organ levels. Ultimately, decreased sperm quality or quantity was noted and proved by meta-analysis, which demonstrated that MPs/NPs led to a decrease of 5.99 million/mL in sperm concentration, 14.62% in sperm motility, and 23.56% in sperm viability, while causing an increase of 10.65% in sperm abnormality rate. Overall, this is the first AOP for MPs/NPs-mediated male reproductive toxicity in mammals. The innovative integration of meta-analysis into the AOP analysis increases the rigorism of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinchu Hu
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Meidi Shen
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chongkun Wang
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qifang Huang
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ruiqiong Li
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Gantuya Dorj
- School of Public Health, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia
| | - Enkhjargal Gombojav
- School of Public Health, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia
| | - Jiwei Du
- Nursing Department, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518040, China
| | - Lihua Ren
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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18
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Jorge BC, Reis ACC, Stein J, Paschoalini BR, Bueno JN, da Silva Moreira S, Godoi AR, Fioravante VC, Martinez FE, Pinheiro PFF, Arena AC. A low dose of benzo(a)pyrene during prepuberty in male rats generated immediate oxidative stress in the testes and compromised steroidogenic enzymes/proteins. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 124:108549. [PMID: 38278498 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The prepubertal period is crucial for sexual development and any alterations can interfere with the reproductive system in adulthood. The aim of this study was to evaluate how Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) can affect the testes during the prepubertal period. Juvenile male Wistar rats were divided into a control (corn oil + DMSO) and a BaP-group (0.1 μg/kg/day), exposed to BaP for 31 days (gavage), and all parameters were evaluated on postnatal day (PND) 54. Leukocyte counts were decreased. Histological analyses of the testes revealed that height and seminiferous tubules diameters (STDs) were reduced, tubular dynamics were altered, and Leydig cell atrophy was evident in the BaP-group. The testosterone concentration was decreased while FSH levels increased within the BaP-exposed group. Steroidogenic enzymes in the testes were decreased, but steroidogenic acute regulatory protein was not altered. The expression of gstp1 and ckit enzymes was decreased. Reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were increased, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) was decreased in the testes. In conclusion, BaP or its metabolites causes low systemic toxicity; however, it adversely influences testicular function by disrupting the hormonal axis, unbalancing testicular antioxidative, and blocking the action of the steroidogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara C Jorge
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, University Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ana C C Reis
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, University Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia Stein
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, University Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz R Paschoalini
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, University Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jéssica N Bueno
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, University Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Suyane da Silva Moreira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, University Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alana R Godoi
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, University Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa C Fioravante
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, University Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco E Martinez
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, University Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia F F Pinheiro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, University Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arielle C Arena
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, University Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; Information and Toxicological Assistance Center (CIATOX), Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, University Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
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19
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Ijaz MU, Alvi K, Hamza A, Anwar H, Al-Ghanim KA, Riaz MN. Curative effects of tectochrysin on paraquat-instigated testicular toxicity in rats: A biochemical and histopathological based study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25337. [PMID: 38356568 PMCID: PMC10865255 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Paraquat (PQ) is a herbicide that is used globally in the agriculture sector to eradicate unwanted weeds, however it also induces significant damages in various organs of the body such as testes. Tectochrysin (TEC) is an important flavonoid that shows versatile therapeutic potentials. Currently, there is no established antidote to cure PQ-induced testicular toxicity. Objective The present study was conducted to evaluate the ameliorative effects of TEC against PQ prompted testicular damage. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 48) were used to conduct the trial. Rats were allocated in to 4 groups i.e., Control, PQ administrated group (5 mgkg-1), PQ + TEC co-administrated group (5 mgkg-1 + 2.5 mgkg-1) and TEC only administrated group (2.5 mgkg-1). The trial was conducted for 8 weeks. The activity of anti-oxidants and the levels of MDA and ROS were determined by spectrophotometric method. Steroidogenic enzymes as well as apoptotic markers expressions were evaluated by qRT-PCR. The level of hormones and inflammatory indices was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results PQ exposure markedly (P < 0.05) disturbed the biochemical, spermatogenic and histological profile in the rats. Nevertheless, TEC treatment considerably (P < 0.05) increased CAT, GPx GSR and SOD activity, besides decreasing MDA and ROS contents. TEC administration also increased sperm viability, count and motility. 17β-HSD, 3β-HSD, StAR and Bcl-2 expressions were also increased following TEC administration. The supplementation of TEC substantially (P < 0.05) decreased Bax, Caspase-3 expression and the levels of inflammatory markers i.e., interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity. Additionally, the levels of plasma testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were increased following TEC supplementation. Furthermore, TEC supplementation considerably decreased sperm structural abnormalities and histomorphological damages of the testes. The mitigative role of TEC might be due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, androgenic and anti-oxidant potentials. Conclusion Taken together, it is concluded that TEC can be used as a potential candidate to treat testicular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Kaynat Alvi
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Ali Hamza
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Haseeb Anwar
- Department of Physiology, Government College University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Khalid A. Al-Ghanim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Jorban A, Lunenfeld E, Huleihel M. Effect of Temperature on the Development of Stages of Spermatogenesis and the Functionality of Sertoli Cells In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2160. [PMID: 38396838 PMCID: PMC10889116 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is the process of proliferation and differentiation of spermatogonial cells to meiotic and post-meiotic stages and sperm generation. Normal spermatogenesis occurs in vivo at 34 °C to 35 °C, and high temperatures are known to cause male infertility. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of temperature (35 °C compared to 37 °C) on the viability/apoptosis of developed cells, on the development of different stages of spermatogenesis in 3D in vitro culture conditions, and the functionality of Sertoli cells under these conditions. We used isolated cells from seminiferous tubules of sexually immature mice. The cells were cultured in methylcellulose (as a three-dimensional (3D) in vitro culture system) and incubated in a CO2 incubator at 35 °C or 37 °C. After two to six weeks, the developed cells and organoids were collected and examined for cell viability and apoptosis markers. The development of different stages of spermatogenesis was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining or qPCR analysis using specific antibodies or primers, respectively, for cells at each stage. Factors that indicate the functionality of Sertoli cells were assessed by qPCR analysis. The developed organoids were examined by a confocal microscope. Our results show that the percentages and/or the expression levels of the developed pre-meiotic, meiotic, and post-meiotic cells were significantly higher at 35 °C compared to those at 37 °C, including the expression levels of the androgen receptor, the FSH receptor, transferrin, the androgen-binding protein (ABP), and the glial-derived nerve growth factor (GDNF) which were similarly significantly higher at 35 °C than at 37 °C. The percentages of apoptotic cells (according to acridine orange staining) and the expression levels of BAX, FAS, and CASPAS 3 were significantly higher in cultures incubated at 37 °C compared to those incubated at 35 °C. These findings support the in vivo results regarding the negative effect of high temperatures on the process of spermatogenesis and suggest a possible effect of high temperatures on the viability/apoptosis of spermatogenic cells. In addition, increasing the temperature in vitro also impaired the functionality of Sertoli cells. These findings may deepen our understanding of the mechanisms behind optimal conditions for normal spermatogenesis in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areej Jorban
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel;
- The Center of Advanced Research and Education in Reproduction (CARER), Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Eitan Lunenfeld
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 4076414, Israel;
| | - Mahmoud Huleihel
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel;
- The Center of Advanced Research and Education in Reproduction (CARER), Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel
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Darwish AM, Almehiza AA, Khattab AEN, Sharaf HA, Naglah AM, Bhat MA, Zen AA, Kalmouch A. Using Selenium-enriched Mutated Probiotics as Enhancer for Fertility Parameters in Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04067-x. [PMID: 38321304 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04067-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Increasing fertility rates have become one of the factors that concern all people in the world. Therefore, the study aims to use two mutated strains of probiotics enriched with selenium (PSe40/60/1 and BSe50/20/1) to improve fertility. Thirty Swiss albino male mice were divided into three groups; control, LP + S was given Lactobacillus plantarum PSe40/60/1 plus selenium, and BL + S was given Bifidobacterium longum BSe50/20/1 plus selenium. Free testosterone, LH, and FSH were measured in serum by biochemical analysis. Testicular tissues were examined by histopathological analysis. The count and motility of sperm, and sperm abnormalities were determined by microscopic examination. The method of qRT-PCR was used to detect gene expression of Tspyl1, Hsd3b6, and Star genes. The biochemical results showed that serum content of free testosterone (FT) hormone had significantly increase in the BL + S and LP + S groups compared with control. Levels of LH and FSH hormones were the highest in the BL + S group. The treated groups showed all developmental stages of spermatogenesis, including spermatogenesis, spermatocytes, and seminiferous tubule spermatids, as well as intact Sertoli cells and Leydig cells without changes. When compared to the control group, sperm count and motility increased in the BL + S group, while sperm abnormalities decreased. The expression of Tspyl1 gene in testicular tissues decreased in the LP + S and BL + S groups, while the expression of Star and Hsd3b6 genes was higher in the BL + S group and lower in the LP + S group compared with the control group. Therefore, Bifidobacterium longum BSe50/20/1 enriched with selenium could be useful in enhancing male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mohamed Darwish
- Cell Biology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdulrahman A Almehiza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. BOX 2457, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abd El-Nasser Khattab
- Genetics and Cytology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Hafiza A Sharaf
- Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Naglah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. BOX 2457, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashooq A Bhat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. BOX 2457, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer Alhaj Zen
- Chemistry & Forensics Department, Clifton Camus, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, Ng118NS, UK
| | - Atef Kalmouch
- Peptide Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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22
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Mararajah S, Giribabu N, Salleh N. Chlorophytum borivilianum aqueous root extract prevents deterioration of testicular function in mice and preserves human sperm function in hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2)-induced oxidative stress. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:117026. [PMID: 37572930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chlorophytum borivilianum (C. borivilianum) (CB) has traditionally been used to treat male sexual dysfunctions and has been claimed to possess aphrodisiac properties. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the ability of CB to ameliorate H2O2-induced oxidative stress in testes and sperm in mice and prevent H2O2-induced oxidative in human sperm. MATERIALS AND METHODS Oxidative stress was induced in male mice by pre-exposure to 2% H2O2 orally for seven consecutive days, followed by 100 and 200 mg/kg b. w. administration. CB for another seven days. At the end of treatment, mice were sacrificed and testes and epididymal sperm were harvested. Serum FSH, LH and testosterone levels were measured and sperm parameters were obtained. Meanwhile, oxidative stress levels in mice testes and sperm, steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis markers in mice testes were assessed by molecular biological techniques. In another experiment, sperm from thirty-two healthy fertile men were incubated with 200 μM H2O2 and CB (100 and 200 μg/ml) simultaneously and were then evaluated for sperm parameter changes. RESULTS In mice, CB administration ameliorates persistent increases in oxidative stress and decreases in anti-oxidative enzyme levels in testes and sperm following H2O2 pre-exposure. Additionally, CB also helps to ameliorate deterioration in sperm parameters and testicular steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis and restores the serum FSH, LH and testosterone levels near normal in mice. In humans, CB helps to prevent deterioration in sperm parameters following H2O2 exposure. CONCLUSION CB is potentially useful to preserve the male reproductive capability and subsequently male fertility in high oxidative stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvakumar Mararajah
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nelli Giribabu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Centre for Natural Products and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Faculty of Science, University Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Naguib Salleh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Centre for Natural Products and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Faculty of Science, University Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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23
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Oguejiofor CF, Eze UU, Eke IG, Eze AA, Onyejekwe OB, Anene BM. Adverse effects of exposure to petrol-generator exhaust fumes on the reproductive hormones, testis and spermatozoa in male dogs. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 123:108516. [PMID: 38042436 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
There is evidence that sperm count has progressively declined in men over the recent decades. Exposure to air pollutants including petrol and diesel exhaust have been reported to impair male reproduction although there is little experimental evidence. This study investigated the effects of petrol-generator exhaust fumes (PGEF) on semen, sperm, gonadal structure and hormonal status in the dog. Sixteen adult male Basenji dogs were randomly assigned four to each of 4 groups as follows: an unexposed (Control) group and three groups exposed to graded levels of PGEF for 1, 2 or 3 h per day (hpd), respectively, for 90 days. Serum concentrations of testosterone (T), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were measured on days 0 (baseline), 30, 60 and 90 of the study. At day 90, semen samples were collected for semen and sperm analysis. Testicular and epididymal tissues were subjected to gross, histopathological and histomorphometric evaluation. Graded exposure to PGEF resulted in increased serum concentration of T and decreased concentrations of FSH and LH, increased seminal plasma lipid peroxidation, seminiferous and epididymal tubular degeneration, germ cell depletion, lowered sperm concentration, decreased sperm motility and vitality, and increased sperm abnormal morphology. The close proximity between dogs and humans in exposed environments underscores the importance of these findings to human reproductive health and fertility. The findings suggest that with prolonged exposure, the impairment of reproductive functions will likely play significant roles in the decline in male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Oguejiofor
- Department of Veterinary Obstetrics and Reproductive Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria
| | - U U Eze
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria.
| | - I G Eke
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria
| | - A A Eze
- Department of Veterinary Obstetrics and Reproductive Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria
| | - O B Onyejekwe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria
| | - B M Anene
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria
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24
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Ijaz MU, Ishtiaq A, Tahir A, Alvi MA, Rafique A, Wang P, Zhu GP. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects of genkwanin against aflatoxin B 1-induced testicular toxicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 481:116750. [PMID: 37980962 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most hazardous aflatoxin that causes significant damage to the male reproductive system. Genkwanin (GNK) is a bioactive flavonoid that shows antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. Therefore, the current study was planned to evaluate the effects of GNK against AFB1-induced testicular toxicity. Forty-eight male rats were distributed into four groups (n = 12 rats). AFB1 (50 μg/kg) and GNK (20 mg/kg) were administered to the rats for eight weeks. Results of the current study revealed that AFB1 exposure induced adverse effects on the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway and reduced the expressions and activities of antioxidant enzymes. Additionally, it increased the levels of oxidative stress markers. Furthermore, expressions of steroidogenic enzymes were down-regulated by AFB1 intoxication. Besides, AFB1 exposure reduced the levels of gonadotropins and plasma testosterone, which subsequently reduced the epididymal sperm count, motility, and hypo-osmotic swelled (HOS) sperms, while increasing the number of dead sperms and causing morphological anomalies of the head, midpiece, and tail of the sperms. In addition, AFB1 decreased the activities of testicular function marker enzymes and the levels of inflammatory markers. Moreover, it severely affected the apoptotic profile by up-regulating the expressions of Bax and Casp3, while down-regulating the Bcl2 expression. Besides, AFB1 significantly damaged the histoarchitecture of testicular tissues. However, GNK treatment reversed all the AFB1-induced damages in the rats. Taken together, the current study reports the potential use of GNK as a therapeutic agent to prevent AFB1-induced testicular toxicity due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Ayesha Ishtiaq
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, Auhui Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Molecular Detection and Diagnostics, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Arfa Tahir
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mughees Aizaz Alvi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rafique
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Peng Wang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, Auhui Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Molecular Detection and Diagnostics, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Guo-Ping Zhu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, Auhui Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Molecular Detection and Diagnostics, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China.
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25
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Habiba ES, Harby SA, El-Sayed NS, Omar EM, Bakr BA, Augustyniak M, El-Samad LM, Hassan MA. Sericin and melatonin mitigate diethylnitrosamine-instigated testicular impairment in mice: Implications of oxidative stress, spermatogenesis, steroidogenesis, and modulation of Nrf2/WT1/SF-1 signaling pathways. Life Sci 2023; 334:122220. [PMID: 37898455 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic influence of combination therapy with sericin and melatonin on attenuating diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-instigated testicular dysfunction in mice and defining the molecular mechanisms involved in orchestrating redox signaling pathways and restoring spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Different groups of male Swiss albino mice were established and injected with respective drugs intraperitoneally. Semen analysis, hormonal assays, and oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated. Additionally, melatonin and its receptors, WT1, SF-1, vimentin, Nrf2, and ANXA1 expressions were assessed. Histopathological and ultrastructural features of the testes were investigated by semithin, SEM, and TEM analyses. KEY FINDINGS Exposure to DEN exhibited pathophysiological consequences, including a remarkable increase in lipid peroxidation associated with substantial diminutions in SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, GSH:GSSG, and GST. Furthermore, it disrupted spermatozoa integrity, testosterone, FSH, LH, melatonin, and its receptors (MT1 and MT2) levels, implying spermatogenesis dysfunction. By contrast, treatment with sericin and melatonin significantly restored these disturbances. Interestingly, the combination therapy of sericin and melatonin noticeably augmented the Nrf2, WT1, and SF-1 expressions compared to DEN-treated mice, deciphering the amelioration perceived in antioxidant defense and spermatogenesis inside cells. Furthermore, immunohistochemical detection of ANXA1 alongside histopathological and ultrastructural analyses revealed evident maintenance of testicular structures without discernible inflammation or anomalies in mice administered with sericin and melatonin compared to the DEN-treated group. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings highlighted that treatment with sericin and melatonin alleviated the testicular tissues in mice from oxidative stress and dysregulated spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis engendered by DEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa S Habiba
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Sahar A Harby
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Norhan S El-Sayed
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Eman M Omar
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Basant A Bakr
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Maria Augustyniak
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Lamia M El-Samad
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Hassan
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, 21934 Alexandria, Egypt.
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Ijaz MU, Qamer M, Hamza A, Ahmed H, Afsar T, Abulmeaty M, Ayub A, Razak S. Sciadopitysin mitigates spermatological and testicular damage instigated by paraquat administration in male albino rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19753. [PMID: 37957289 PMCID: PMC10643627 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46898-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) is a herbicide that has ability to induce testicular toxicity by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sciadopitysin (SPS) is a promising flavonoid that displays multiple pharmacological properties i.e., anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic. Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the mitigative role of SPS against PQ induced testicular toxicity in male rats. The experiment was performed on male albino rats (n = 48) that were divided into 4 groups. The group-1 was control group. Group-2 was administrated orally with PQ (5 mg/kg). Group-3 was administrated orally with PQ (5 mg/kg) and SPS (2 mg/kg). Group-4 was supplemented with SPS (2 mg/kg) through oral gavage. The experiment was conducted for 56 days. The exposure to PQ significantly lowered the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GSR), superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Whereas, a substantial increase was observed in dead sperms number, abnormalities in the tail, head as well as midpiece of sperms in PQ intoxicated rats. Moreover, a significant increase in the level of ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) was noticed in PQ administrated group. Furthermore, steroidogenic enzymes expression was significantly decreased in PQ-intoxicated group, whereas the level of inflammatory markers was increased in PQ administrated rats. Besides, the expression of apoptotic markers was significantly escalated in PQ exposed rats, whereas the expression of anti-apoptotic markers was considerably reduced. A significant reduction in hormonal level was also noticed in the rats that were administrated with PQ. Moreover, the histopathological examination revealed that PQ significantly damaged the testicles. However, the supplementation of SPS with PQ significantly reduced the adverse effects of PQ in the testes of albino rats. Therefore, the current investigation demonstrated that SPS possesses a significant potential to avert PQ-induced testicular dysfunction due to its anti-apoptotic, androgenic, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Mohammad Qamer
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Ali Hamza
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Ahmed
- Department of Zoology, The University of Buner, Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 11433, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Abulmeaty
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 11433, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arusha Ayub
- Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Georgia, Tbilisi, GA, Georgia
| | - Suhail Razak
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 11433, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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27
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Ghosh C, Maity R, Roy A, Mallick C. Dose-Dependent Protective Effect of Hygrophila auriculata Seeds on Cyproterone Acetate-Induced Testicular Dysfunction. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:3359-3371. [PMID: 37286756 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01279-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Infertility affects 15% of global population. This study was designed to search out the most effective dose of chloroform fraction of hydro-ethanolic extract of Hygrophila auriculata seed to ameliorate cyproterone acetate (CPA)-treated male subfertility. The rats were made subfertile by CPA at the dose of 2.5 mg/100gm body weight for 45 days. The male subfertility represented by low sperm concentration, less motile, less viable, and less hypo osmotic tail swelled spermatozoa in CPA-treated group. Serum LH, FSH, and testosterone levels were significantly decreased in CPA-treated group in respect to control. Androgenic key enzyme Δ5,3β-HSD, 17β-HSD activities and gene expression pattern were also decreased significantly in respect to control. These antispermatogenic and antiandrogenic activities of CPA were significantly recovered after the treatment of Hygrophila auriculata at the dose of 2.5 mg, 5mg, and 10 mg/100gm body weight. CPA also generate oxidative free radical that indicated by altered catalase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase activities and protein expression pattern along with conjugated diene and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels in testis. Expression pattern of Bax and Bcl2 genes were deviated from control after CPA treatment. Significant diminution of body weight, organo-somatic indices, and SGOT, SGPT activities were observed in CPA-treated group. All these biomarkers significantly recovered towards control after the treatment of Hygrophila auriculata at different doses. More significant recovery was observed in 5 mg and 10 mg of chloroform fraction-treated group and 5 mg dose, i.e., the minimum therapeutic dose to recover the CPA-induced subfertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaitali Ghosh
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science and Management (UGC Innovative Department), Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721 102, India
| | - Ratnabali Maity
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science and Management (UGC Innovative Department), Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721 102, India
| | - Aaishi Roy
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science and Management (UGC Innovative Department), Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721 102, India
| | - Chhanda Mallick
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science and Management (UGC Innovative Department), Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721 102, India.
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Musazadeh V, Nazari A, Natami M, Hajhashemy Z, Kazemi KS, Torabi F, Moridpour AH, Vajdi M, Askari G. The effect of flaxseed supplementation on sex hormone profile in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1222584. [PMID: 37927501 PMCID: PMC10623424 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1222584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inconsistent data suggest that flaxseed supplementation may have a role in sex hormones. We aimed to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating effects of flaxseed supplementation on sex hormone profile. PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science databases, and Google Scholar were searched up to March 2023. Standardized mean difference (SMD) was pooled using a random-effects model. Sensitivity analysis, heterogeneity, and publication bias were reported using standard methods. The quality of each study was evaluated with the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials, known as RoB 2. Finding from ten RCTs revealed that flaxseed supplementation had no significant alteration in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (SMD: -0.11; 95% CI: -0.87, 0.66: p = 0.783), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) (SMD: 0.35; 95% CI: -0.02, 0.72; p = 0.063), total testosterone (TT) levels (SMD: 0.17; 95% CI: -0.07, 0.41; p = 0.165), free androgen index (FAI) (SMD = 0.11, 95% CI: -0.61, 0.83; p = 0.759), and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) (SMD: 0.08, 95%CI: -0.55, 0.72, p = 0.794). Flaxseed supplementation had no significant effect on sex hormones in adults. Nevertheless, due to the limited included trials, this topic is still open and needs further studies in future RCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vali Musazadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Nazari
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Natami
- Department of Urology, Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Zahra Hajhashemy
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kimia Sadat Kazemi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshte Torabi
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Mahdi Vajdi
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Dias FCR, Sarandy MM, Lopes-Ferreira JV, de Melo FCSA, Gonçalves RV, da Matta SLP, de Lucca Moreira Gomes M. The relevance of the use of plant extracts on testicular cells: A systematic review. Fitoterapia 2023; 169:105571. [PMID: 37321418 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This review aims to establish an association between traditional and scientific knowledge to allow the evaluation of the effectiveness of medicinal plants, as well as their risks based on the testicular microenvironment. A systematic search was performed using PRISMA guidelines. The descriptors were structured based on search filters built for three domains: Animals, Plants, and Testis. The filters on the PubMed/Medline platform were constructed using a hierarchical distribution of the MeSH Terms. Methodological quality assessments were performed using the SYRCLE risk bias tool. Data on testicular cells, hormones and biochemistry, sperm, and sexual behavior were evaluated and compared. The search came out with 2644 articles, and 36 articles met the inclusion criteria and were used in this review. The included studies analyzed testicular cells from murine models treated with crude plant extracts. Plant extracts act directly on the hypothalamic-pituitary axis and/or directly on testicular cells, inhibiting and stimulating the reproductive process, thus causing alterations in fertility rates. Apiaceae and the Cucurbitaceae families are the most used in male reproductive biology experiments, being Apiaceae described as sexual stimulants, while Cucurbitaceae are the main sources of deleterious effects on the male reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Carolina Ribeiro Dias
- Department of Structural Biology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil; Department of Veterinary, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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Delorenzi Schons D, Leite GAA. Malathion or diazinon exposure and male reproductive toxicity: a systematic review of studies performed with rodents. Crit Rev Toxicol 2023; 53:506-520. [PMID: 37922518 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2023.2270494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Malathion and diazinon are pesticides commonly used in agriculture to avoid insects that damage crops; however, they may cause impairment to the male genital system of exposed humans. The present work carried out a systematic review of the literature concerning the primary studies that assessed the reproductive effects resulting from male rats and mice exposed to malathion or diazinon. The search for articles was performed on the databases PubMed, LILACS, Scopus, and SciELO, using different combinations of the search terms "malathion," "diazinon," "mice," "rats," "male reproduction," "fertility," and "sperm," followed by the Boolean operators AND or OR. The results obtained indicate that both pesticides act as reproductive toxicants by reducing sperm quality, diminishing hormonal concentrations, inducing increased oxidative stress, and provoking histopathological damage in reproductive organs. Then, the exposure to malathion and diazinon may provoke diminished levels of testosterone by increasing acetylcholine stimulation in the testis through muscarinic receptors, thus, providing a reduction in steroidogenic activity in Leydig cells, whose effect is related to lower levels of testosterone in rodents, and consequently, it is associated with decreased fertility. Considering the toxic effects on the male genital system of rodents and the possible male reproductive toxicity in humans, it is recommended the decreased use of these pesticides and their replacement for others that show no or few toxic effects for non-target animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Delorenzi Schons
- Laboratório de Reprodução e Toxicologia (Laretox), Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Adan Araújo Leite
- Laboratório de Reprodução e Toxicologia (Laretox), Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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31
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Azhar NA, Paul BT, Jesse FFA, Mohd-Lila MA, Chung ELT, Kamarulrizal MI. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and reproductive hormone responses in bucks post-challenge with Mannheimia haemolytica A2 and its outer membrane protein. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:291. [PMID: 37589856 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03706-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin and outer membrane protein (OMP) are among the virulence factors of Gram-negative bacteria responsible for inducing pathogenicity in the infected host. OMP and LPS occur on the outer membrane of M. haemolytica A2, the primary aetiological agent of pneumonic mannheimiosis in small ruminants. While the LPS is known to mediate Gram-negative bacterial infection by activating downstream inflammatory pathways, the potential role of OMP during inflammatory responses remained unclear. Hence, this study determined the effect of the OMP of M. haemolytica A2 on the serum concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the male reproductive hormones (testosterone and Luteinizing Hormone). We randomly assigned twelve bucks to three groups (n = 4 bucks each): Group 1 was challenged with 2 mL PBS buffer (pH 7.0) intranasally; Group 2 received 2 mL of 1.2 X 109 CFU/mL whole M. haemolytica A2 intranasally; and Group 3 received 2 mL of OMP extract obtained from 1.2 X 109 CFU/mL M. haemolytica A2 intramuscularly. Serum samples collected at pre-determined intervals were used for the quantitative determination of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα) and reproductive hormones (testosterone and LH) using commercial sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The serum concentration of IL1β was initially increased within the first-hour post-challenge in Groups 2 and 3, followed by a significant decrease in concentration at 21d and 35d (p < 0.05) in Group 3. Only mild fluctuations in IL-6 occurred in group 2, as opposed to the 1.7-fold rapid increase in TNFα within 2 h post-challenge before decreasing at 6 h. An increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines was accompanied by an acute febrile response of 39.5 ± 0.38 °C (p < 0.05) at 2 h and 40.1 ± 0.29 °C (p < 0.05) at 4 h in Group 2 and Group 3, respectively. Serum testosterone decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in both treatment groups but remained significantly (p > 0.05) lower than in Group 1 throughout the study. There was a moderate negative association between testosterone and IL1β (r = -0.473; p > 0.05) or TNFα (r = -0.527; p < 0.05) in Group 2. Serum LH also showed moderate negative associations with TNFα in Group 2 (r = -0.63; p < 0.05) and Group 3 (r = -0.54; p > 0.05). The results of this study demonstrated that M. haemolytica A2 and its OMP produced marked alterations in serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and male reproductive hormones. The negative correlations between serum testosterone and inflammatory cytokines would suggest the potential role of OMP in causing male infertility by mediating innate inflammatory responses to suppress testosterone production in bucks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Amira Azhar
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Bura Thlama Paul
- Department of Animal Science and Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia Campus Bintulu Sarawak, 97003, Bintulu, Malaysia
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, 600230, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
| | - Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd-Azmi Mohd-Lila
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Eric Lim Teik Chung
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mat Isa Kamarulrizal
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Perez-Garcia LF, Röder E, Krijthe BP, Kranenburg-van Koppen LJ, van Adrichem R, Zirkzee E, Griffioen PH, Peeters K, Lin M, Struys EA, Jansen G, van Doorn MB, de Jonge R, Dohle GR, Dolhain RJ. Is methotrexate safe for men with an immune-mediated inflammatory disease and an active desire to become a father? Results of a prospective cohort study (iFAME-MTX). Ann Rheum Dis 2023; 82:1068-1075. [PMID: 37263756 PMCID: PMC10359513 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2023-224032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current scientific evidence guiding the decision whether men with an active desire to become a father should be treated with methotrexate (MTX) remains controversial. We aimed to prospectively evaluate the testicular toxicity profile of MTX focusing on several markers of male fertility, including semen parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation index (sDFI). As a secondary outcome, we aimed to evaluate whether MTX-polyglutamates can be detected in spermatozoa and seminal plasma and to evaluate the enzymatic activity in spermatozoa of folylpolyglutamate synthetase (FPGS). METHODS In a prospective cohort study, men ≥18 years who started therapy with MTX were invited to participate (MTX-starters). Participants were instructed to produce two semen samples (a pre-exposure and a post-exposure sample after 13 weeks). Healthy men ≥18 years were invited to participate as controls. Conventional semen analyses, male reproductive endocrine axis and sDFI were compared between groups. FPGS enzymatic activity and MTX-PG1-5 concentrations were determined by mass spectrometry analytical methods. RESULTS In total, 20 MTX-starters and 25 controls were included. The pre-exposure and postexposure semen parameters of MTX-starters were not statistically significant different. Compared with healthy controls, the conventional semen parameters and the sDFI of MTX-starters were not statistically significant different. These data were corroborated by the marginal accumulation of MTX-PGs in spermatozoa, consistent with the very low FPGS enzymatic activity associated with the expression of an alternative FPGS splice-variant. DISCUSSION Treatment with MTX is not associated with testicular toxicity, consistent with the very low concentration of intracellular MTX-PG. Therefore, therapy with MTX can be safely started or continued in men and with a wish to become a father.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Esther Röder
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bouwe P Krijthe
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology, Sint Franciscus Vlietland Group, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Laura Jc Kranenburg-van Koppen
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology, IJsselland Hospital, Capelle aan den IJssel, Netherlands
| | | | - Els Zirkzee
- Department of Rheumatology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Pieter H Griffioen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kris Peeters
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Marry Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Eduard A Struys
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gerrit Jansen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Robert de Jonge
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gert R Dohle
- Department of Urology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Rizwan A, Ijaz MU, Hamza A, Anwar H. Attenuative effect of astilbin on polystyrene microplastics induced testicular damage: Biochemical, spermatological and histopathological-based evidences. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 471:116559. [PMID: 37217007 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) are the potential environmental pollutants that possess the ability to induce testicular damage. Astilbin (ASB) is a dihydroflavonol, abundantly reported in multiple plants that has various pharmacological properties. This research elucidated the mitigative potential of ASB against PS-MPs-instigated testicular toxicity. 48 adult male rats (200 ± 10 g) were distributed into 4 groups (n = 12): control, PS-MPs received (0.01 mg/kg), PS-MPs + ASB received (0.01 mg/kg + 20 mg/kg) and ASB supplemented group (20 mg/kg). After 56th day of the trial, animals were sacrificed and testes were harvested for the estimation of biochemical, hormonal, spermatogenic, steroidogenic, apoptotic and histological profiles. PS-MPs intoxication significantly (P < 0.05) lowered glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GSR) as well as catalase (CAT) activities, whereas elevated MDA as well as ROS levels. Besides, the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) along with cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity were raised. PS-MPs treatment reduced luteinizing hormone (LH), plasma testosterone and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level besides decreased epididymal sperm number, viability, motility as well as the count of HOS coil-tailed spermatozoa and increased sperm morphological irregularities. PS-MPs exposure lowered steroidogenic enzymes (17β-HSD, 3β-HSD and StAR protein along with Bcl-2 expression, besides increasing Caspase-3 and Bax expressions and histopathological alterations in testicular tissues. However, ASB treatment significantly reversed PS-MPs mediated damage. In conclusion, ASB administration is protective against PS-MPs-instigated testicular damage owing to its anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, antioxidant and androgenic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arooj Rizwan
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Ali Hamza
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Haseeb Anwar
- Department of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Shati AA, Khalil MA. Acylated ghrelin suppresses doxorubicin-induced testicular damage and improves sperm parameters in rats via activation of Nrf2 and mammalian target of rapamycin. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:1194-1205. [PMID: 37787283 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1756_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Exogenous administration of acylated ghrelin (AG) afforded reproductive protective effect in several animal models but not in those treated with doxorubicin (DOX). This study evaluated the protective effect of AG against DOX-induced testicular damage and impairment in sperm parameters in rats and examined the potential mechanisms of action. Materials and Methods Adult male rats were divided into five groups (n = 8/each) as control, control + AG (40 nmol/kg/day; subcutaneous), DOX (10 mg/kg/day 1; intraperitoneal [i.p.]), DOX + AG, and DOX + AG + brusatol (an Nrf2 inhibitor) (2 mg/kg/every 3 days; i.p.). The treatment regimen continued for 65 days. Results AG prevented testicular damage and apoptosis; increased sperm count, motility, and viability; and reduced the number of abnormal sperms. It also increased their circulatory levels of AG, des-acylated ghrelin (DAG), and AG/DAG ratio and the testicular mRNA levels of ghrelin and growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a Concomitantly, AG increased serum and testicular testosterone levels, reduced serum levels of the follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, and upregulated the testicular protein levels of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in DOX-treated rats. In the testes of the control and DOX-treated rats, AG increased the phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin and stimulated the levels of glutathione and superoxide dismutase, as well as the nuclear activation of Nrf2. All these effects were completely prevented by co-treatment with brusatol. Conclusion AG replacement therapy could be a novel strategy to prevent reproductive toxicity in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Shati
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A Khalil
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, KSA
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Ijaz MU, Mustafa S, Ain QU, Hamza A, Ahmed H, Abdel-Daim MM, Albadrani GM, Najda A, Ali S. Eriodictyol attenuates Furan induced testicular toxicity in Rats: Role of oxidative stress, steroidogenic enzymes and apoptosis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 259:115003. [PMID: 37224777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Furan (C4H4O) is a naturally occurring organic compound. It develops as a result of the thermal processing of food and stimulates critical impairments in male reproductive tract. Eriodictyol (Etyol) is a natural dietary flavonoid possessing diverse pharmacological potentials. The recent investigation was proposed to ascertain the ameliorative potential of eriodictyol against furan-instigated reproductive dysfunctions. Male rats (n = 48) were classified into 4 groups: untreated/control, furan (10 mg/kg), furan+ eriodictyol (10 mg/kg + 20 mg/kg) and eriodictyol (20 mg/kg). At the 56th day of the trial, the protective effects of eriodictyol were evaluated by assessing various parameters. Results of the study revealed that eriodictyol attenuated furan-induced testicular toxicity in the biochemical profile by increasing catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) along with glutathione reductase (GSR) activities, whereas reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) along with malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. It also restored the normal state of sperm motility, viability, the count of hypo-osmotic tail swelled sperm as well as epididymal sperm number along with reduced sperm anomalies (morphological) tail, mid-piece and head. Furthermore, it elevated the decreased levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), plasma testosterone and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) as well steroidogenic enzymes (17β-HSD, StAR protein & 3β-HSD) and testicular anti-apoptotic marker (Bcl-2) expression, whereas, down-regulating apoptotic markers (Bax & Caspase-3) expression. Eriodictyol treatment also effectively mitigated the histopathological damages. The outcomes of the current study provide fundamental insights into the ameliorative potential of eriodictyol against furan-instigated testicular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shama Mustafa
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Qurat Ul Ain
- Department of Zoology, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Ali Hamza
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Ahmed
- Department of Zoology, The University of Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
| | - Ghadeer M Albadrani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 50A Doświadczalna Street, 20-280 Lublin, Poland
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
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Li N, Rao W, Dai S, Iqbal MS, Shi H, Ding L, Hong M. Seasonal spermatogenesis in the red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans): The roles of GnRH, actin cytoskeleton, and MAPK. Anim Reprod Sci 2023; 253:107253. [PMID: 37224664 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Reproduction is the key to the ecological invasion of alien species. As an invasive species, the characteristic and regularity of red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) spermatogenesis is an index for evaluating reproduction and ecological adaptation. Here, we investigated the characteristics of spermatogenesis i.e., the gonadosomatic index (GSI), plasma reproductive hormone levels, and the histological structure of testes by HE and TUNEL staining, and then RNA-Seq in T. s. elegans. The histomorphological evidence confirmed that seasonal spermatogenesis in T. s. elegans has four successive phases: quiescence (December-May of the following year), early-stage (June-July), mid-stage (August-September), and late-stage (October-November). In contrast to 17β-estradiol, testosterone levels were higher during quiescence (breeding season) compared to mid-stage (non-breeding season). Based on RNA-seq transcriptional analysis, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were used to analyze the testis in the quiescent and mid-stage. Our study found that circannual spermatogenesis is regulated by interactive networks including gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, and MAPK signaling pathways. Moreover, the number of genes associated with proliferation and differentiation (srf, nr4a1), cell cycle (ppard, ccnb2), and apoptosis (xiap) were up-regulated in the mid-stage. With the maximum energy saving, this seasonal pattern of T. s. elegans determines optimal reproductive success and thus adapts better to the environment. These results provide the basis for the invasion mechanism of T. s. elegans and lay the foundation for deeper insight into the molecular mechanism of seasonal spermatogenesis in reptiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Wenzhuo Rao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Shiyu Dai
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Muhammad Shahid Iqbal
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Haitao Shi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Li Ding
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China.
| | - Meiling Hong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China.
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Mustafa S, Anwar H, Ain QU, Ahmed H, Iqbal S, Ijaz MU. Therapeutic effect of gossypetin against paraquat-induced testicular damage in male rats: a histological and biochemical study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:62237-62248. [PMID: 36940025 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26469-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) is an organic compound, which is commonly used as a herbicide in the agriculture sector, and it is also known to stimulate critical damages in the male reproductive system. Gossypetin (GPTN) is one of important members of the flavonoid family, which is an essential compound in flowers and calyx of Hibiscus sabdariffa with potential pharmacological properties. The current investigation was aimed to examine the ameliorative potential of GPTN against PQ-instigated testicular damages. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 48) were distributed into four groups: control, PQ (5 mg/kg), PQ + GPTN (5 mg/kg + 30 mg/kg respectively), and GPTN (30 mg/kg). After 56 days of treatment, biochemical, spermatogenic indices, hormonal, steroidogenic, pro-or-anti-apoptotic, and histopathological parameters were estimated. PQ exposure disturbed the biochemical profile by reducing the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GSR), while it increased the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Furthermore, PQ exposure decreased the sperm motility, viability, number of hypo-osmotic tail swelled spermatozoa, and epididymal sperm count; additionally, it increased sperm morphological (head mid-piece and tail) abnormalities. Moreover, PQ lessened the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and plasma testosterone levels. Besides, PQ-intoxication downregulated the gene expression of steroidogenic enzymes (StAR, 3β-HSD, and 17β-HSD) and anti-apoptotic marker (Bcl-2), whereas upregulated the gene expression of apoptotic markers (Bax and Caspase-3). PQ exposure led to histopathological damages in testicular tissues as well. Nonetheless, GPTN inverted all the illustrated impairments in testes. Taken together, GPTN could potently ameliorate PQ-induced reproductive dysfunctions due to its antioxidant, androgenic, and anti-apoptotic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shama Mustafa
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Haseeb Anwar
- Department of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Qurat Ul Ain
- Department of Zoology, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Ahmed
- Department of Zoology, The University of Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Shabnoor Iqbal
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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Alyasari NKH, Selman WH. L-carnitine-loaded nanoparticle ameliorates cypermethrin-induced reproductive toxicity in adult male rats. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2023; 14:147-154. [PMID: 37255872 PMCID: PMC10226707 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_46_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this investigation was to find out whether L-carnitine-loaded nanoparticle (LCn) could reduce the reproductive toxicity of cypermethrin (CYP), the widely used insecticide in veterinary medicine in male rats. Twenty male Wistar rats that weighed between 210 and 240 g were split into four groups and treated daily for 2 months. The control group was given 0.9% normal saline solution daily. The second group received CYP (3.83 mg/kg b. w. p. o.) daily. The third group was administered with LCn and CYP (50 mg/kg b. wt. p. o. and 3.83 mg/kg b. wt. p. o., respectively) daily, whereas the fourth group received LCn alone (50 mg/kg b. wt. p. o.) daily. On day 60, all rats were sacrificed and samples were collected. CYP-treated animals exhibited inhibition of testicular anti-oxidative stress mechanisms, testicular steroidogenesis enzyme activity (3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase [3β-HSD] and 17β-HSD), and downregulation of steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) gene expression. In addition, it decreased testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and LH levels and had detrimental consequences for sperm quality. LCn attenuated CYP-induced reproductive toxicity via the alleviation of testicular oxidative stress status, improvement of steroidogenic enzyme activity, and upregulation of StAR gene expression, which are probably responsible for the concomitant improvement in testicular hormonal levels and improvement in sperm properties. Intriguingly, LCn treatment alone could enhance the functions of the male reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora Kadhim Hadi Alyasari
- Department of Soil Science and Water Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Diwaniyah, Iraq
| | - Wisam Hussein Selman
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Diwaniyah, Iraq
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Mukherjee AG, Valsala Gopalakrishnan A. The interplay of arsenic, silymarin, and NF-ĸB pathway in male reproductive toxicity: A review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 252:114614. [PMID: 36753973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic toxicity is one of the most trending reasons for several malfunctions, particularly reproductive toxicity. The exact mechanism of arsenic poisoning is a big question mark. Exposure to arsenic reduces sperm count, impairs fertilization, and causes inflammation and genotoxicity through interfering with autophagy, epigenetics, ROS generation, downregulation of essential protein expression, metabolite changes, and hampering several signaling cascades, particularly by the alteration of NF-ĸB pathway. This work tries to give a clear idea about the different aspects of arsenic resulting in male reproductive complications, often leading to infertility. The first part of this article explains the implications of arsenic poisoning and the crosstalk of the NF-ĸB pathway in male reproductive toxicity. Silymarin is a bioactive compound that exerts anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties and has demonstrated hopeful outcomes in several cancers, including colon cancer, breast cancer, and skin cancer, by downregulating the hyperactive NF-ĸB pathway. The next half of this article thus sheds light on silymarin's therapeutic potential in inhibiting the NF-ĸB signaling cascade, thus offering protection against arsenic-induced male reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Goutam Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India.
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Sengul E, Gelen V, Yildirim S, Cinar İ, Aksu EH. Effects of naringin on oxidative stress, inflammation, some reproductive parameters, and apoptosis in acrylamide-induced testis toxicity in rat. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:798-808. [PMID: 36598108 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR) is used in many fields such as cosmetics, paper, and textile industries. It also occurs at very high temperatures in some foods. Gonadotoxic effects of ACR have been found in experimental animals. Many studies use flavonoids to prevent the reproductive side effects of ACR. Naringin (NA) is a flavonoid and it has been determined by studies that it has no toxic effect on tissues. In our study, we aimed to determine the protective effect of NA against the damage of ACR on testicular tissue and the reproductive system in rats. In our study, 50 Spraque Dawley male rats weighing 220-250 grams were used. Control: Only intragastric saline was administered for 10 days. ACR: Animals received ACR (40 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) for 10 days. NA50+ACR: Animals were given NA for 10 days and each NA was one hour after the administration of ACR. NA100+ACR: Animals received NA for 10 days and one hour after each NA was given ACR. NA100: Animals were given NA for 10 days. At the end of the applications, the rats were euthanized by cervical dislocation under anesthesia. Serum FSH, LH, and Dihydrotestosterone levels were compared between the groups. In addition, oxidative stress, inflammation, expression of some reproductive enzymes, and apoptosis markers were determined in testicular tissues. When these parameters were compared between groups, ACR induced testicular dysfunction and tissue damage in rats. We determined that only the NA application did not cause tissue damage. and the administration of NA along with ACR significantly reduced ACR-induced testis toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emin Sengul
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Volkan Gelen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasfkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yildirim
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - İrfan Cinar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Emrah Hicazi Aksu
- Department of Andrology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
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Wu J, Wen L, Chen J, Chang Y, Huang R, Lin Y, Shen G, Feng J. Discover boy specific-biomarkers and reveal gender-related metabolic differences in central precocious puberty. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 231:106305. [PMID: 36997004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of central precocious puberty (CPP) in boys is rising, but lack of effective molecular biomarkers often leads to delayed treatment and thus the terrible clinical complications in adulthood. This study aims to identify the specific-biomarkers of CPP boys and understand the gender-related differences in metabolic characteristics of CPP. The specific-biomarkers of CPP boys were identified from serum and their combination was optimized by cross-metabolomics combined with linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis after age correction. The differences in metabolic characteristics between boys and girls with CPP were explored by cross-metabolomics and weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Results show that CPP activated in advance the HPG axis and induced gender-related clinical phenotypes. Seven serum metabolites were identified as specific-biomarkers of CPP boys, including acetoacetate, aspartate, choline, creatinine, myo-inositol, N,N-dimethylglycine and N-Acetyl-glycoprotein. The combination of aspartate, choline, myo-inositol and creatinine achieved an optimized diagnosis, where AUC is 0.949, prediction accuracy for CPP boys is 91.1%, and the average accuracy is 0.865. The metabolic disorders of CPP boys mainly involve in glycerophospholipid metabolism, and synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies. Betaine, glutamine, isoleucine, lactate, leucine, lysine, pyruvate, α-&β-glucose were identified as gender-related biomarkers for CPP, and they are mainly involved in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pyruvate metabolism, and alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism. Biomarkers combination provides a promising diagnostic potential for CPP boy with a favorite sensitivity and specificity. In addition, the differences of metabolic characteristics between boys and girls with CPP will contribute to the development of individualized clinical treatments in CPP.
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Yadav A, Singh SK, Sarkar D. Localization and expression of Orexin B (OXB) and its type 2 receptor (OX2R) in mouse testis during postnatal development. Peptides 2023; 164:170979. [PMID: 36841281 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2023.170979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
The orexins (OXs) were first reported in hypothalamus of rat, and they play an important role in diverse physiological actions. The OXs consist of orexin A (OXA) and orexin B (OXB) peptides and their actions are mediated via two G-protein-coupled receptors, orexin 1 receptor (OX1R) and orexin 2 receptor (OX2R), respectively. Presence of OXA and OX1R has been also reported in peripheral organs like reproductive tissues. These findings, therefore, highlight a possible role of OXs and their receptors in male reproductive health. Though, expression and localization of OXB and OX2R in the testis and their role in spermatogenesis are not finally clarified. Herein, we elucidated the localization and the patterns of expression of OXB and OX2R in Parkes mice testes during postnatal development. Results suggest that the precursor prepro-orexin (PPO), OXB and OX2R are expressed at the transcript and protein levels in mouse testis throughout the postnatal development. Immunostaining further showed the localization of OXB and OX2R both in interstitium and tubular compartments of the testis. On 7 day postpartum (7 dpp), only spermatogonia showed immunoreactivity of OXB and OX2R, while at 14, 28, 42 and 90 dpp, immunolocalization of OXB and OX2R were noted in the seminiferous tubules, especially in leptotene, pachytene spermatocytes, round and elongating spermatids, and in Leydig cells and Sertoli cells. The immunoreactivity of OXB and OX2R appeared to be stage-specific in adult mouse testis. The results suggest the expression of OXB and OX2R in mouse testis and their possible regulatory role in spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Yadav
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Shio Kumar Singh
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Debarshi Sarkar
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, VPO-Ghudda, Bathinda 151401, India.
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Wu D, Wang T, Liu H, Xu F, Xie S, Tong X, Li L, Peng D, Kong L. Wuzi-Yanzong-Wan prevents oligoasthenospermia due to TAp73 suppression by affecting cellular junction remodeling in testicular tissue in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 302:115867. [PMID: 36341818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Wuzi-Yanzong-Wan (WZYZW) is a classic Chinese herbal preparation, which has a significant clinical efficacy in tonifying the kidney and benefiting the sperm, and is widely used in the treatment of oligoasthenospermia with a long history. TAp73 inhibition results in the decrease of sperm quality, but the therapeutic mechanism of WZYZW on oligoasthenospermia caused by TAp73 gene inhibition remains elusive. AIMS OF STUDY The purpose of this study is to investigate whether TAp73 suppression leads to oligoasthenospermia and the application of WZYZW treatment in condition of TAp73 suppression. METHODOLOGY C57BL/6 male mice were injected with Pifithrin-α (2.5 mg/kg) intraperitoneally for 30 days to induce TAp73 suppression model, with WZYZW at 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 g/kg were administrated in parallel. The blood, testis and epididymis were collected, with organ coefficient calculated. Makler sperm counter was used to analyze the density, motility, survival and malformation rate of sperm. Apoptosis of sperm was analyzed by flow cytometry. Serum hormone levels were determined using ELISA. HE staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to observe histopathological changes of testis in blood-testis barrier (BTB), ectoplasmic specialization (ES) and other cell junctions. Expressions of cell adhesion factors including TAp73, Integrin-α6, N-cadherin, Nectin-2 and Occludin were determined by RT-PCR and western blotting. RESULTS Compared to control mice, TAp73 inhibition dramatically decreased the epididymal coefficient, sperm quality, and serum testosterone (T) level, while increasing apoptosis in sperm in mice. HE staining and TEM showed that the tight junction (TJ) and apical ES structure were seriously abnormal in the testis in mice with TAp73 inhibition. Additionally, the expression of Occludin protein was elevated, while that of TAp73, Integrin-α6, N-cadherin, and Nectin-2 reduced in model mice. WZYZW treatment ameliorated testicular spermatogenic dysfunctions in TAp73 suppressed mice, restoring the decreased sperm quality, serum T level and testicular histopathological changes of TJ and ES, as well as decreasing sperm malformation rate and apoptosis. Moreover, WZYZW reversed the expressions of Occludin, TAp73, Integrin-α6, N-cadherin and Nectin-2 in TAp73 suppressed mice. CONCLUSIONS By impairing spermatogenesis and maturation, TAp73 inhibition led to oligoasthenospermia in mice. WZYZW could rescue the oligoasthenospermia associated with TAp73 inhibition via affecting the dynamic remodeling of cellular junctions in testicular tissues in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deling Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medical Formula, Hefei, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tongsheng Wang
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Hongjuan Liu
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Fengqing Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medical Formula, Hefei, China
| | - Songzi Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medical Formula, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaohui Tong
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Daiyin Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medical Formula, Hefei, China.
| | - Lingyi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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Bahrami Z, Daeifarshbaf N, Amjadi F, Aflatoonian R. The effects of hormonal changes on sperm DNA integrity in oligoasthenoteratospermia individuals: A case-control study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2023; 20:999-1006. [PMID: 36819202 PMCID: PMC9928973 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v20i12.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hormonal imbalance is one of the important etiological factors for Oligoasthenoteratospermias (OAT). Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effects of hormonal changes including prolactin, TSH, testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and anti-Mullerian hormone on sperm DNA fragmentation in normal men compared with OAT to design a clinical algorithm for the comprehensive study of male factor infertilities. Materials and Methods We consecutively selected 60 candidates referred to the infertility clinic to collect the semen and blood samples. Then, a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling test was performed to evaluate the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI). After semen analysis and DFI checking, they were classified into 4 groups consisting of normospermia and OAT men each with or without increased DFI. Hormone parameters were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunoassay. Results Follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels showed positive correlations with DFI in a significant way (p ≤ 0.01), while testosterone and thyroid-stimulating hormone were associated with sperm concentration. Prolactin and anti-Mullerian hormone levels significantly correlated (p ≤ 0.01) with sperm concentration and DFI value simultaneously. Conclusion Decreased and increased levels of serum hormones could adversely affect semen profile and sperm DNA integrity which lead to severe male infertility. Although we investigated the effects of the main hormones related to male infertility on DNA damage, the role of these hormones on the fertilization rate and embryo quality needs to be evaluated in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Bahrami
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Laleh IVF Clinic, Laleh Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Daeifarshbaf
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Infertility Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fatemehsadat Amjadi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Aflatoonian
- Laleh IVF Clinic, Laleh Hospital, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Ijaz MU, Mustafa S, Ain QU, Hamza A, Ali S. Rhamnazin ameliorates 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-evoked testicular toxicity by restoring biochemical, spermatogenic and histological profile in male albino rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2023; 42:9603271231205859. [PMID: 37807851 DOI: 10.1177/09603271231205859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a potential environmental toxin that has the ability to affect male reproductive tract. Rhamnazin is a naturally present flavone that displays multiple medicinal properties. Therefore, the current study was designed to determine the mitigative role of rhamnazin against TCDD induced reproductive damage. 48 adult male albino rats were randomly separated into four groups: control, TCDD (10 µgkg-1), TCDD + rhamnazin (10 µgkg-1 + 5 mgkg-1 respectively) and rhamnazin (5 mgkg-1). The trial was conducted for 56 days. TCDD intoxication notably affected superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GSR) and catalase (CAT) activities, besides reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were augmented. TCDD administration also lowered sperm motility, viability, sperm number, while it augmented the sperm morphological (tail, neck/midpiece and head) anomalies. Moreover, it decreased the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and plasma testosterone. Moreover, TCDD reduced steroidogenic enzymes i.e., 17-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD), steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and 3-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) as well as B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expressions, but increased the expressions of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and cysteine-aspartic acid protease (Caspase-3). Furthermore, TCDD exposure also induced histopathological anomalies in testicular tissues. However, the supplementation of rhamnazin recovered all the mentioned damages in the testicles. The outcomes revealed that rhamnazin can ameliorate TCDD induced reproductive toxicity due to its anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic and androgenic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shama Mustafa
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Qurat Ul Ain
- Department of Zoology, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Ali Hamza
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Yan Q, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Yuan L. Autophagy: A Double-Edged Sword in Male Reproduction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315273. [PMID: 36499597 PMCID: PMC9741305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved cell reprogramming mechanism, exists in all eukaryotic organisms. It is a fundamental and vital degradation/recycling pathway that removes undesirable components, such as cytoplasmic organelles, misfolded proteins, viruses, and intracellular bacteria, to provide energy and essential materials for organisms. The success of male reproduction depends on healthy testes, which are mainly composed of seminiferous tubules and mesenchyme. Seminiferous tubules are composed of Sertoli cells (SCs) and various germ cells, and the main functional part of mesenchyme are Leydig cells (LCs). In recent years, a large amount of evidence has confirmed that autophagy is active in many cellular events associated with the testes. Autophagy is not only important for testicular spermatogenesis, but is also an essential regulatory mechanism for the ectoplasmic specialization (ES) integrity of SCs, as well as for the normal function of the blood-testes barrier (BTB). At the same time, it is active in LCs and is crucial for steroid production and for maintaining testosterone levels. In this review, we expanded upon the narration regarding the composition of the testes; summarized the regulation and molecular mechanism of autophagy in SCs, germ cells, and LCs; and concluded the roles of autophagy in the process of spermatogenesis and testicular endocrinology. Through integrating the latest summaries and advances, we discuss how the role of autophagy is a double-edged sword in the testes and may provide insight for future studies and explorations on autophagy in male reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Correspondence: (Q.W.); (L.Y.)
| | - Ligang Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Correspondence: (Q.W.); (L.Y.)
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Alemany M. The Roles of Androgens in Humans: Biology, Metabolic Regulation and Health. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11952. [PMID: 36233256 PMCID: PMC9569951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgens are an important and diverse group of steroid hormone molecular species. They play varied functional roles, such as the control of metabolic energy fate and partition, the maintenance of skeletal and body protein and integrity and the development of brain capabilities and behavioral setup (including those factors defining maleness). In addition, androgens are the precursors of estrogens, with which they share an extensive control of the reproductive mechanisms (in both sexes). In this review, the types of androgens, their functions and signaling are tabulated and described, including some less-known functions. The close interrelationship between corticosteroids and androgens is also analyzed, centered in the adrenal cortex, together with the main feedback control systems of the hypothalamic-hypophysis-gonads axis, and its modulation by the metabolic environment, sex, age and health. Testosterone (T) is singled out because of its high synthesis rate and turnover, but also because age-related hypogonadism is a key signal for the biologically planned early obsolescence of men, and the delayed onset of a faster rate of functional losses in women after menopause. The close collaboration of T with estradiol (E2) active in the maintenance of body metabolic systems is also presented Their parallel insufficiency has been directly related to the ravages of senescence and the metabolic syndrome constellation of disorders. The clinical use of T to correct hypoandrogenism helps maintain the functionality of core metabolism, limiting excess fat deposition, sarcopenia and cognoscitive frailty (part of these effects are due to the E2 generated from T). The effectiveness of using lipophilic T esters for T replacement treatments is analyzed in depth, and the main problems derived from their application are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marià Alemany
- Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 635, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain;
- Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Levi M, Shalgi R, Ben-Aharon I. Pretreatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist protects against chemotherapy-induced testicular damage 'in mice. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2022; 14:17588359221113274. [PMID: 36225594 PMCID: PMC9549199 DOI: 10.1177/17588359221113274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Testicular toxicity following chemotherapy is of increasing importance with the continuous improvement of survival rates. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) was suggested to protect testis against such toxicity; however, its suppressive quality and mechanism of action are still unclear. We examined whether and how pretreatment with GnRH antagonist protects against the testicular damage caused by chemotherapy. Methods Mature male mice were injected subcutaneously eight times in 2-day intervals with either saline or GnRH antagonist (Cetrotide; 1 g/mg), followed by an intraperitoneal injection with either saline or cyclophosphamide (CTX;100 mg/kg BW) and sacrificed 2 weeks or 3 months later. Testicular weight, epididymis weight, epididymal sperm count and sperm motility were measured. Serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immunohistochemistry (Ki-67), immunofluorescence (PCNA, CD34), terminal transferase-mediated deoxyuridine 5-triphosphate nick-end labeling (TUNEL) and computerized analysis were performed to examine testicular proliferation, apoptosis and vascularization. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to assess the amount of spermatogonial reserve (Id4 and Gfra1 mRNAs). Results Pretreatment with GnRH antagonist transiently reduced testicular weight, epididymal weight, germinal proliferation and sperm count; it also abolished the permanent long-term effect of CTX on these parameters and prevented cyclophosphamide-induced testicular toxicity characterized by apoptosis and serum AMH increase and irreversible loss of spermatogonial reserve. Conclusions Our findings imply that pretreatment with GnRH antagonist temporarily reduces spermatogenesis and may be used as pretreatment for reducing chemotherapeutic testicular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattan Levi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology,
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- IVF Lab Director, IVF unit, Meir Medical
Center, 59 Tchernichovsky st. Kfar Saba 4428163, Israel
| | - Ruth Shalgi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology,
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Irit Ben-Aharon
- Division of Oncology, Rambam Health Care
Campus, Haifa, Israel
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa,
Israel
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Testicular Expression of Antioxidant Enzymes and Changes in Response to a Slow-Release Deslorelin Implant (Suprelorin ® 4.7 mg) in the Dog. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12182343. [PMID: 36139204 PMCID: PMC9494984 DOI: 10.3390/ani12182343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis takes place in a hypoxic environment, and antioxidant enzymes protect germ and somatic cells from free radical-mediated damage. Expression of the antioxidant enzyme system in the canine testis has not yet been investigated. We hypothesized that the slow-release GnRH superagonist deslorelin 4.7 mg implant, which induces temporary reversible suppression of endocrine and germinative testicular function, would affect the testicular expression of antioxidant enzymes compared to untreated adult and prepubertal dogs. The goal of this study was to investigate and compare gene (by qPCR, in whole-tissue homogenates) and protein expression (by immunohistochemistry) of superoxide dismutase (SOD1, SOD2), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx1), and glutathione disulfide reductase (GSR) in the testes of untreated adult (CON, n = 7), prepubertal (PRE, n = 8), and deslorelin-treated (DES, n = 5, 16 weeks after implantation) dogs. We found that in DES dogs, the gene expression of SOD1 was significantly (p < 0.05) lower and GPx1 was higher than in CON, and SOD2 was higher than in PRE. Expression of all, except for the SOD2 mRNA, differed between the CON and PRE dogs. Immunohistochemistry showed distinct cell-specific localization and expression patterns for the antioxidant enzymes in each experimental group. Additionally, in the CON animals, cell-specific SOD1, CAT, and GSR expression was dependent on the stage of the seminiferous epithelium cycle. These findings confirm that members of the antioxidant enzyme system are present in normal adult and prepubertal testis as well as in the deslorelin-treated downregulated adult canine testis, and that this local antioxidant system protects developing germ cells and somatic cells from oxidative damage. Different expression patterns of antioxidant enzymes in various germ cell populations and stages of the seminiferous epithelium cycle may indicate differences in their susceptibility to oxidative stress depending on their developmental and maturation stage. The continued presence of the antioxidant enzymes in the testis of DES dogs offers protection to spermatogonia as well as Sertoli and Leydig cells from oxidative stress during temporary infertility, potentially contributing to ensure the reversibility of suppression and the return of normal spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis after the end of deslorelin treatment.
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50
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Dubey I, Khan S, Kushwaha S. Developmental and reproductive toxic effects of exposure to microplastics: A review of associated signaling pathways. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:901798. [PMID: 36119356 PMCID: PMC9471315 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.901798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs), small pieces of plastic (∼5 mm), are released into the environment not only as a result of the decomposition of large-sized plastics but also from day-to-day use of plastic products. Chronic exposure to MPs has been attributed to harmful effects on aquatic organisms and rodents. Effects include gastrointestinal toxicity, hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and reproductive and developmental toxicities. Exposure to MPs may also potentially affect human health. Herein, we reviewed the impact of MPs on male and female reproductive systems and the associated mechanisms involved in the reproductive and developmental toxicities of MPs. We performed a literature search in Google Scholar and PubMed using the following keywords: MPs and reproductive toxicity; MPs and developmental studies; MPs and infertility; MPs and aquatics; and MPs and rodents. Evidence of MPs accumulation has been reported in many organs of humans and experimental models. The harmful effects of MPs have been manifested in male and female reproductive systems of mammalian and aquatic animals, including developmental effects on gametes, embryos, and their offspring. This review describes various signaling pathways involved in MPs-associated male and female reproductive and developmental toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itishree Dubey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Raebareli, India
| | - Sabbir Khan
- Department of Neuro-Oncology The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sapana Kushwaha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Raebareli, India
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