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Alvarez F, Liu Z, Bay A, Piccirillo CA. Deciphering the developmental trajectory of tissue-resident Foxp3 + regulatory T cells. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1331846. [PMID: 38605970 PMCID: PMC11007185 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1331846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Foxp3+ TREG cells have been at the focus of intense investigation for their recognized roles in preventing autoimmunity, facilitating tissue recuperation following injury, and orchestrating a tolerance to innocuous non-self-antigens. To perform these critical tasks, TREG cells undergo deep epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional changes that allow them to adapt to conditions found in tissues both at steady-state and during inflammation. The path leading TREG cells to express these tissue-specialized phenotypes begins during thymic development, and is further driven by epigenetic and transcriptional modifications following TCR engagement and polarizing signals in the periphery. However, this process is highly regulated and requires TREG cells to adopt strategies to avoid losing their regulatory program altogether. Here, we review the origins of tissue-resident TREG cells, from their thymic and peripheral development to the transcriptional regulators involved in their tissue residency program. In addition, we discuss the distinct signalling pathways that engage the inflammatory adaptation of tissue-resident TREG cells, and how they relate to their ability to recognize tissue and pathogen-derived danger signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Alvarez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology in Global Health Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre of Excellence in Translational Immunology (CETI), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Zhiyang Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology in Global Health Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre of Excellence in Translational Immunology (CETI), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandre Bay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology in Global Health Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre of Excellence in Translational Immunology (CETI), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ciriaco A. Piccirillo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology in Global Health Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre of Excellence in Translational Immunology (CETI), Montréal, QC, Canada
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Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Meng S, Chen B, Dong X, Guo X, Guo F, Zhang R, Cui H, Li S. Effects of S-Adenosylmethionine on Cognition in Animals and Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 94:S267-S287. [PMID: 36970898 PMCID: PMC10473070 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence that supplementation of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) can improve cognitive function in animals and humans, although the outcomes are not always inconsistent. OBJECTIVE We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the correlation between SAM supplementation and improved cognitive function. METHODS We searched studies in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and Clinical Trials databases from January 1, 2002 to January 1, 2022. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias 2.0 (human studies) and the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experimentation risk of bias (animal studies) tools; and evidence quality was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. STATA software was employed to perform meta-analysis, and the random-effects models was used to evaluate the standardized mean difference with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Out of the 2,375 studies screened, 30 studies met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analyses of animal (p = 0.213) and human (p = 0.047) studies showed that there were no significant differences between the SAM supplementation and control groups. The results of the subgroup analyses showed that the animals aged ≤8 weeks (p = 0.027) and the intervention duration >8 weeks (p = 0.009) were significantly different compared to the controls. Additionally, the Morris water maze test (p = 0.005) used to assess the cognitive level of the animals revealed that SAM could enhance spatial learning and memory in animals. CONCLUSION SAM supplementation showed no significant improvement in cognition. Therefore, further studies are needed to assess the effectiveness of SAM supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- School of Nursing, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yizhou Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Sijia Meng
- School of Nursing, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bingyu Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xinyi Dong
- School of Nursing, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaojing Guo
- School of Nursing, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fangzhen Guo
- Department of Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Runjiao Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huixian Cui
- Department of Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Sha Li
- Department of Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Shijiazhuang, China
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Chen L, Ouyang Y, Gu L, Guo J, Han Z, Wang Z, Hou Y, Schatten H, Sun Q. Septin 9 controls CCNB1 stabilization via APC/C CDC20 during meiotic metaphase I/anaphase I transition in mouse oocytes. Cell Prolif 2022; 56:e13359. [PMID: 36354207 PMCID: PMC9890537 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) and its cofactors CDH1 and CDC20 regulate the accumulation/degradation of CCNB1 during mouse oocyte meiotic maturation. Generally, the CCNB1 degradation mediated by APC/CCDC20 activity is essential for the transition from metaphase to anaphase. Here, by using siRNA and mRNA microinjection, as well as time-lapse live imaging, we showed that Septin 9, which mediates the binding of septins to microtubules, is critical for oocyte meiotic cell cycle progression. The oocytes were arrested at the MI stage and the connection between chromosome kinetochores and spindle microtubules was disrupted after Septin 9 depletion. As it is well known that spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is an important regulator of the MI-AI transition, we thus detected the SAC activity and the expression of CDC20 and CCNB1 which were the downstream proteins of SAC during this critical period. The signals of Mad1 and BubR1 still remained on the kinetochores of chromosomes in Septin 9 siRNA oocytes at 9.5 h of in vitro culture when most control oocytes entered anaphase I. The expression of CCNB1 did not decrease and the expression of CDC20 did not increase at 9.5 h in Septin 9 siRNA oocytes. Microinjection of mRNA encoding Septin 9 or CDC20 could partially rescue MI arrest caused by Septin 9 siRNA. These results suggest that Septin 9 is required for meiotic MI-AI transition by regulating the kinetochore-microtubule connection and SAC protein localization on kinetochores, whose effects are transmitted to APC/CCDC20 activity and CCNB1 degradation in mouse oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ying‐Chun Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lin‐Jian Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jia‐Ni Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhi‐Ming Han
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhen‐Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Heide Schatten
- Department of Veterinary PathobiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMissouriUSA
| | - Qing‐Yuan Sun
- Fertility Preservation Lab, Guangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouChina
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Dhawan P, Vasishta S, Balakrishnan A, Joshi MB. Mechanistic insights into glucose induced vascular epigenetic reprogramming in type 2 diabetes. Life Sci 2022; 298:120490. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Wu HJ, Chu PY. Epigenetic Regulation of Breast Cancer Stem Cells Contributing to Carcinogenesis and Therapeutic Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158113. [PMID: 34360879 PMCID: PMC8348144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, breast cancer has remained the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among women. Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous and phenotypically diverse group of diseases, which require different selection of treatments. Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), a small subset of cancer cells with stem cell-like properties, play essential roles in breast cancer progression, recurrence, metastasis, chemoresistance and treatments. Epigenetics is defined as inheritable changes in gene expression without alteration in DNA sequence. Epigenetic regulation includes DNA methylation and demethylation, as well as histone modifications. Aberrant epigenetic regulation results in carcinogenesis. In this review, the mechanism of epigenetic regulation involved in carcinogenesis, therapeutic resistance and metastasis of BCSCs will be discussed, and finally, the therapies targeting these biomarkers will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Ju Wu
- Department of Biology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 500, Taiwan;
- Research Assistant Center, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Lukang Town, Changhua 505, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Chu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Department of Health Food, Chung Chou University of Science and Technology, Changhua 510, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 704, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-975611855; Fax: +886-47227116
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The methyl donor S-adenosyl methionine reverses the DNA methylation signature of chronic neuropathic pain in mouse frontal cortex. Pain Rep 2021; 6:e944. [PMID: 34278163 PMCID: PMC8280078 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000000944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Chronic administration of S-adenosylmethionine reverses neuropathic pain–induced changes in DNA methylation in the mouse frontal cortex. Chronic pain is associated with persistent but reversible structural and functional changes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). This stable yet malleable plasticity implicates epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, as a potential mediator of chronic pain–induced cortical pathology. We previously demonstrated that chronic oral administration of the methyl donor S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) attenuates long-term peripheral neuropathic pain and alters global frontal cortical DNA methylation. However, the specific genes and pathways associated with the resolution of chronic pain by SAM remain unexplored.
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Gan F, Hou L, Lin Z, Ge L, Liu D, Li H, Chen X, Huang K. Effects of Selenium-enriched probiotics on ochratoxin A-induced kidney injury and DNMTs expressions in piglets. Res Vet Sci 2021; 139:94-101. [PMID: 34273745 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Effects of Selenium-enriched probiotics (SP) on ochratoxin A-induced kidney injury, growth performance, antioxidant injury, selenoprotein and DNA methylation transferases (DNMTs) expression of piglets were investigated in the article. A total of 48 piglets were randomly divided into 4 groups and fed with basal diet (Con, 0.15 mg Se/kg and OTA at 0.00 mg/kg), basal diets added with OTA (OTA, 0.40 mg OTA/kg), SP and OTA (SP1, 0.15 mg Se/kg and 0.40 mg OTA/kg), SP and OTA (SP2, 0.30 mg Se/kg and 0.40 mg OTA/kg) respectively for 42 days. From each group, six piglets were randomly selected for blood collection on Days 0 and 42 and three piglets were selected for tissue collection on Day 42.The results showed that OTA at 0.40 mg /kg significantly decreased growth performance of pigs, induced the histopathological lesions of kidney and increased urea and creatine levels of serum, decreased GPx and SOD activities, and increased MDA levels. OTA decreased GPx1, GPx4 and SelS expressions, and increased TR1, DNMT 1, DNMT3a and SOCS3 expressions. Both SP1 and SP2 improved OTA-induced poor growth performance, kidney injury, poor antioxidant statues, GPx1, SelS, TR1, SOCS3, DNMT1 and DNMT3a expressions in kidney of pigs. The effects of SP2 on the above parameters changes were better than that of SP1. SP increased GPx and SOD activities and decreased MDA levels changes induced by OTA treatment. These results suggest that SP may serve as a better feed additive for piglets under mycotoxin contamination environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Gan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lili Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ziman Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lei Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haolei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xingxiang Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kehe Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Synthesis, Cytotoxic Activity, Crystal Structure, DFT Studies and Molecular Docking of 3-Amino-1-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)-8-methoxy-1H-benzo[f]chromene-2-carbonitrile. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11020184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The target compound 3-amino-1-(2,5-d ichlorophenyl)-8-methoxy-1H-benzo[f]-chromene-2-carbonitrile (4) was synthesized via a reaction of 6-methoxynaphthalen-2-ol (1), 2,5-dichlorobenzaldehyde (2), and malononitrile (3) in ethanolic piperidine solution under microwave irradiation. The newly synthesized β-enaminonitrile was characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectroscopy, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction data. Its cytotoxic activity was evaluated against three different human cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, A549, and MIA PaCa-2 in comparison to the positive controls etoposide and camptothecin employing the XTT cell viability assay. The analysis of the Hirshfeld surface was utilized to visualize the reliability of the crystal package. The obtained results confirmed that the tested molecule revealed promising cytotoxic activities against the three cancer cell lines. Furthermore, theoretical calculations (DFT) were carried out with the Becke3-Lee-Yang-parr (B3LYP) level using 6-311++G(d,p) basis. The optimization geometry for molecular structures was in agreement with the X-ray structure data. The HOMO-LUMO energy gap of the studied system was discussed. The intermolecular-interactions were studied through analysis of the topological-electron-density(r) using the QTAIM and NCI methods. The novel compound exhibited favorable ADMET properties and its molecular modeling analysis showed strong interaction with DNA methyltransferase 1.
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Bai G, Ross H, Zhang Y, Lee K, Ro JY. The Role of DNA Methylation in Transcriptional Regulation of Pro-Nociceptive Genes in Rat Trigeminal Ganglia. Epigenet Insights 2020; 13:2516865720938677. [PMID: 32974606 PMCID: PMC7495519 DOI: 10.1177/2516865720938677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modulation by DNA methylation is associated with aberrant gene
expression in sensory neurons, which consequently leads to pathological pain
responses. In this study, we sought to investigate whether peripheral
inflammation alters global DNA methylation in trigeminal ganglia (TG) and
results in abnormal expression of pro-nociceptive genes. Our results show that
peripheral inflammation remotely reduced the level of global DNA methylation in
rat TG with a concurrent reduction in DNMT1 and
DNMT3a expression. Using unbiased steps, we selected the
following pro-nociceptive candidate genes that are potentially regulated by DNA
methylation: TRPV1, TRPA1, P2X3, and PIEZO2.
Inhibition of DNMT with 5-Aza-dC in dissociated TG cells produced dose-dependent
upregulation of TRPV1, TRPA1, and P2X3.
Systemic treatment of animals with 5-Aza-dC significantly increased the
expression of TRPV1, TRPA1, and PIEZO2 in TG.
Furthermore, the overexpression of DNMT3a, as delivered by a lentiviral vector,
significantly downregulated TRPV1 and PIEZO2
expression and also reliably decreased TRPA1 and
P2X3 transcripts. MeDIP revealed that this overexpression
also significantly enhanced methylation of CGIs associated with
TRPV1 and TRPA1. In addition, bisulfite
sequencing data indicated that the CGI associated with TRPA1
was methylated in a pattern catalyzed by DNMT3a. Taken together, our results
show that all 4 pro-nociceptive genes are subject to epigenetic modulation via
DNA methylation, likely via DNMT3a under inflammatory conditions. These findings
provide the first evidence for the functional importance of DNA methylation as
an epigenetic factor in the transcription of pro-nociceptive genes in TG that
are implicated in pathological orofacial pain responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Bai
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Holly Ross
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Youping Zhang
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - KiSeok Lee
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jin Y Ro
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Barišić A, Kolak M, Peterlin A, Tul N, Gašparović Krpina M, Ostojić S, Peterlin B, Pereza N. DNMT3B rs1569686 and rs2424913 gene polymorphisms are associated with positive family history of preterm birth and smoking status. Croat Med J 2020; 61:8-17. [PMID: 32118373 PMCID: PMC7063552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the association between spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB) and DNA methyltransferase (DNMT)1, 3A, 3B, and 3L gene polymorphisms, and their contribution to the clinical characteristics of women with SPTB and their newborns. METHODS This case-control study, conducted in 2018, enrolled 162 women with SPTB and 162 women with term delivery. DNMT1 rs2228611, DNMT3A rs1550117, DNMT3B rs1569686, DNMT3B rs2424913, and DNMT3L rs2070565 single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. The clinical characteristics included in the analysis were family history of preterm birth, maternal smoking, maternal age, gestational week at delivery, and fetal birth weight. RESULTS DNMT gene polymorphisms were not significantly associated with SPTB. DNMT3B rs1569686 and rs2424913 minor alleles (T) were significantly more frequent in women with familial PTB than in women with non-familial PTB, increasing the odds for familial PTB 3.30 and 3.54 times under dominant genetic models. They were also significantly more frequent in women with SPTB who smoked before pregnancy, reaching the most significant association under additive genetic models (odds ratio 6.86, 95% confidence interval 2.25-20.86, P<0.001; odds ratio 3.77, 95% confidence interval 1.36-10.52, P=0.011, respectively). CONCLUSIONS DNMT3B rs1569686 and rs2424913 gene polymorphisms might be associated with positive family history of PTB and smoking status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nina Pereza
- Nina Pereza, Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, B. Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia,
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11
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Xu L, Mesalam A, Lee KL, Song SH, Khan I, Chowdhury MMR, Lv W, Kong IK. Improves the In Vitro Developmental Competence and Reprogramming Efficiency of Cloned Bovine Embryos by Additional Complimentary Cytoplasm. Cell Reprogram 2019; 21:51-60. [PMID: 30735075 PMCID: PMC6383574 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2018.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a useful technology; however, its efficiency is low. In this study, we investigated the effects of cytoplasmic transfer into enucleated oocytes on the developmental competence and quality of cloned preimplantation bovine embryos via terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling, quantitative reverse transcription PCR, and immunocytochemistry. We used cytoplasm injection cloning technology (CICT), a new technique via which the cytoplasmic volume of an enucleated oocyte could be restored by injecting ∼30% of the cytoplasm of a donor oocyte. The percentages of embryos that underwent cleavage and formed a blastocyst were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the CICT group than in the SCNT group (28.9 ± 0.8% vs. 20.2 ± 1.3%, respectively). Furthermore, the total cell number per day 8 blastocyst was significantly higher in the CICT group than in the SCNT group (176.2 ± 6.5 vs. 119.3 ± 7.7, p < 0.05). Moreover, CICT increased mitochondrial activity, as detected using MitoTracker® Green. The mRNA levels of DNA methyltransferase 1 and DNA methyltransferase 3a were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the CICT group than in the SCNT group. The mRNA level of DNA methyltransferase 3b was lower in the CICT group than in the SCNT group; however, this difference was not significant (p > 0.05). Taken together, these data suggest that CICT improves the in vitro developmental competence and quality of cloned bovine embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianguang Xu
- 1 Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ayman Mesalam
- 1 Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.,2 Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Kyeong-Lim Lee
- 1 Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Hwan Song
- 1 Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Imran Khan
- 1 Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - M M R Chowdhury
- 1 Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.,3 Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Namwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Wenfa Lv
- 4 Division of Animal Reproduction and Breeding, Department of Animal Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Republic of China
| | - Il-Keun Kong
- 1 Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.,5 Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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Gan F, Zhou X, Zhou Y, Hou L, Chen X, Pan C, Huang K. Nephrotoxicity instead of immunotoxicity of OTA is induced through DNMT1-dependent activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway by targeting SOCS3. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:1067-1082. [PMID: 30923867 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02434-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is reported to induce nephrotoxicity and immunotoxicity in animals and humans. However, the underlying mechanism and the effects of OTA on DNA damage have not been reported until now. The present study aims to investigate OTA-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage and the underlying mechanism in PK15 cells and PAMs. The results showed that OTA at 2.0-8.0 µg/mL for 24 h induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage in PK15 cells and PAMs as demonstrated by decreasing cell viabilities and mRNA levels of DNA repair genes (OGG1, NEIL1 and NEIL3), increasing LDH release, Annexin V staining cells, apoptotic nuclei and the accumulation of γ-H2AX foci. OTA at 2.0-8.0 µg/mL increased DNMT1 and SOCS3 mRNA expressions about 2-4 fold in PK15 cells or 1.3-2 fold in PAMs. OTA at 2.0-8.0 µg/mL increased DNMT1, SOCS3, JAK2 and STAT3 protein expressions in PK15 cells or PAMs. DNMT inhibitor (5-Aza-2-dc), promoted SOCS3 expression, inhibited JAK2 and STAT3 expression, alleviated cytotoxicity, apoptosis and DNA damage induced by OTA at 4.0 µg/mL in PK15 cells. While, in PAMs, 5-Aza-2-dc had no effects on SOCS3 expression induced by OTA at 4.0 µg/mL, but inhibited JAK2 and STAT3 expression, and alleviated cytotoxicity, apoptosis and DNA damage induced by OTA. JAK inhibitor (AG490) or STAT3-siRNA alleviated OTA-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage in PK15 cells or PAMs. Taken together, nephrotoxicity instead of immunotoxicity of OTA is induced by targeting SOCS3 through DNMT1-mediated JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. These results provide a scientific and new explanation of the underlying mechanism of OTA-induced nephrotoxicity and immunotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Gan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yajiao Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lili Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xingxiang Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Cuiling Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kehe Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
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13
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Santana VP, Miranda-Furtado CL, Pedroso DCC, Eiras MC, Vasconcelos MAC, Ramos ES, Calado RT, Ferriani RA, Esteves SC, dos Reis RM. The relationship among sperm global DNA methylation, telomere length, and DNA fragmentation in varicocele: a cross-sectional study of 20 cases. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2019; 65:95-104. [DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2018.1557762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Paiva Santana
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Daiana Cristina Chielli Pedroso
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matheus Credendio Eiras
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ester Silveira Ramos
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Tocantins Calado
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rui Alberto Ferriani
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Rosana Maria dos Reis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Su J, Fang M, Tian B, Luo J, Jin C, Wang X, Ning Z, Li X. Hypoxia induces hypomethylation of the HMGB1 promoter via the MAPK/DNMT1/HMGB1 pathway in cardiac progenitor cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:1121-1130. [PMID: 30307477 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is involved in the death of cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) after myocardial infarction (MI) in the heart. The loss of CPCs results in infarct scar and further deterioration of the heart function. Though stem cell-based therapy provides an effective approach for heart function recovery after MI, the retention of CPCs in the infarcted area of the heart is the main barrier that limits its promising therapy. Therefore, the underlying mechanisms of CPC apoptosis in hypoxia are important for the development of new therapeutic targets for MI patients. In this work, we found that the expression of high-mobility group box 1(HMGB1) was upregulated in CPCs under hypoxia conditions. Further study demonstrated that HMGB1 was regulated by DNA methyltransferases 1 (DNMT1) via changing the methylation state of CpGs in the promoter of HMGB1 in CPCs during hypoxia process. Additionally, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway was found to be involved in regulating DNMT1/HMGB1-mediated CPC apoptosis in hypoxia process. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate a novel regulatory mechanism for CPC apoptosis and proliferation under hypoxia conditions, which may provide a new therapeutic approach for MI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwen Su
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Can Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongping Ning
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinming Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
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15
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Saldívar-González FI, Gómez-García A, Chávez-Ponce de León DE, Sánchez-Cruz N, Ruiz-Rios J, Pilón-Jiménez BA, Medina-Franco JL. Inhibitors of DNA Methyltransferases From Natural Sources: A Computational Perspective. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1144. [PMID: 30364171 PMCID: PMC6191485 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring small molecules include a large variety of natural products from different sources that have confirmed activity against epigenetic targets. In this work we review chemoinformatic, molecular modeling, and other computational approaches that have been used to uncover natural products as inhibitors of DNA methyltransferases, a major family of epigenetic targets with therapeutic interest. Examples of computational approaches surveyed in this work are docking, similarity-based virtual screening, and pharmacophore modeling. It is also discussed the chemoinformatic-guided exploration of the chemical space of naturally occurring compounds as epigenetic modulators which may have significant implications in epigenetic drug discovery and nutriepigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alejandro Gómez-García
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Norberto Sánchez-Cruz
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Javier Ruiz-Rios
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - B Angélica Pilón-Jiménez
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José L Medina-Franco
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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16
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Chen LY, Xia XD, Zhao ZW, Gong D, Ma XF, Yu XH, Zhang Q, Wang SQ, Dai XY, Zheng XL, Zhang DW, Yin WD, Tang CK. MicroRNA-377 Inhibits Atherosclerosis by Regulating Triglyceride Metabolism Through the DNA Methyltransferase 1 in Apolipoprotein E-Knockout Mice. Circ J 2018; 82:2861-2871. [PMID: 30232292 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-18-0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) plays an important role in triglyceride metabolism. It is translocated across endothelial cells to reach the luminal surface of capillaries by glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high-density lipoprotein binding protein 1 (GPIHBP1), where it hydrolyzes triglycerides in lipoproteins. MicroRNA 377 (miR-377) is highly associated with lipid levels. However, how miR-377 regulates triglyceride metabolism and whether it is involved in the development of atherosclerosis remain largely unexplored. Methods and Results: The clinical examination displayed that miR-377 expression was markedly lower in plasma from patients with hypertriglyceridemia compared with non-hypertriglyceridemic subjects. Bioinformatics analyses and a luciferase reporter assay showed that DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) was a target gene of miR-377. Moreover, miR-377 increased LPL binding to GPIHBP1 by directly targeting DNMT1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-knockout (KO) mice aorta endothelial cells (MAECs). In vivo, hematoxylin-eosin (H&E), Oil Red O and Masson's trichrome staining showed that ApoE-KO mice treated with miR-377 developed less atherosclerotic plaques, accompanied by reduced plasma triglyceride levels. CONCLUSIONS It is concluded that miR-377 upregulates GPIHBP1 expression, increases the LPL binding to GPIHBP1, and reduces plasma triglyceride levels, likely through targeting DNMT1, inhibiting atherosclerosis in ApoE-KO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yan Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Xiao-Dan Xia
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Zhen-Wang Zhao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Duo Gong
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Xiao-Feng Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Nanhua Hospital, University of South China
| | - Xiao-Hua Yu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Si-Qi Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Xiao-Yan Dai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Medical University
| | - Xi-Long Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Health Sciences Center
| | - Da-Wei Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics and Group on the Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, University of Alberta
| | - Wei-Dong Yin
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Chao-Ke Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
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17
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Jia J, Liu X, Li L, Lei C, Dong Y, Wu G, Hu G. Transcriptional and Translational Relationship in Environmental Stress: RNAseq and ITRAQ Proteomic Analysis Between Sexually Reproducing and Parthenogenetic Females in Moina micrura. Front Physiol 2018; 9:812. [PMID: 30013488 PMCID: PMC6036137 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Moina micrura is a kind of small-bodied water flea within the family Moinidae. Similar to Daphnia, M. micrura could also switch its reproduction mode from parthenogenetic female (PF) to sexual female (SF) to adapt to the external environment. To uncover the mechanisms of reproductive switching in M. micrura, we used both RNA-Seq and iTRAQ analyses to investigate the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and their protein products between SF and PF in M. micrura. A total of 1665 DEGs (702 up-regulated, 963 down-regulated) and 600 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) (102 up-regulated, 498 down-regulated) were detected in SF. Correlation analyses indicated that 31 genes were expressed significantly differentially at both transcriptomic and proteomic levels, including 15 up-regulated genes and 16 down-regulated genes in SF. Meanwhile, our data also showed that 528 DEPs have discordant expression at transcript level, implying post-transcriptional (including translational) regulation. These top up-regulated genes and their protein products in SF were mainly grouped into the globin-related family, vitellogenin-related family, cuticle-related family, Hsp-related family and methyltransferases-related family, which were all involved in the reproductive switching in Daphnia. In contrast, a cluster of orthologous groups revealed that up-regulated genes and their protein products in PF were strongly associated with the metabolic process, which may be responsible for rapid population proliferation in M. micrura.
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18
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Lax E, Szyf M. The Role of DNA Methylation in Drug Addiction: Implications for Diagnostic and Therapeutics. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 157:93-104. [PMID: 29933958 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Drug addiction is a devastating health problem that is a very heavy burden on the individual affected and the society in general. Recent research defines addiction as a neurobehavioral disorder. Underpinning biological mechanisms of drug addiction are abnormal neuronal and brain activity following acute and repeated drug exposure. Abnormal gene expression is found in reward and decision-making brain regions of addicts and in animal models and is possibly responsible for changes in brain function. DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that regulates gene expression. Global and site-specific changes in DNA methylation are observed in addiction. Here, we discuss recent findings on the involvement of DNA methylation in drug addiction from animal and human studies. We also propose future directions for utilizing DNA methylation-based approaches for diagnosis, therapeutics, and evaluation of response to therapy in drug addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elad Lax
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University Medical School, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Moshe Szyf
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University Medical School, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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19
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Bilichak A, Kovalchuk I. Analysis of Global Genome Methylation Using the Cytosine-Extension Assay. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1456:73-79. [PMID: 27770358 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4899-7708-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation is a reversible covalent chemical modification of DNA intended to regulate chromatin structure and gene expression in a cell- and tissue-specific manner and in response to the environment. Cytosine methylation is predominantly occurring in plants, and cytosine nucleotides in plants can be methylated at symmetrical (CpG and CpHpG) and nonsymmetrical sites. Although there exists a number of various methods for the detection of cytosine methylation, most of them are either laborious or expensive or both. Here, we describe a quick inexpensive method for the analysis of global genome methylation using a cytosine-extension assay. The assay can be used for the analysis of the total level of CpG, CpHpG, and CpHpH methylation in a given sample of plant DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriy Bilichak
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research Centre, Lethbridge, AB, Canada.
| | - Igor Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB, Canada, T1K 3M4
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20
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Liu G, Bin P, Wang T, Ren W, Zhong J, Liang J, Hu CAA, Zeng Z, Yin Y. DNA Methylation and the Potential Role of Methyl-Containing Nutrients in Cardiovascular Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:1670815. [PMID: 29348786 PMCID: PMC5733941 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1670815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) experience a low quality of life and increase pressure on healthcare systems both nationally and globally. DNA methylation, which refers to the pathway by which DNA methyltransferase facilitates the addition of a methyl group to DNA, is of critical importance in this respect primarily because the epigenetic modification is implicated in a range of serious conditions including atherosclerosis, CVDs, and cancer. Research findings indicate that the number of epigenetic alterations can be elicited (both in utero and in adults) through the administration of certain nutritional supplements, including folic acid and methionine; this is partly attributable to the effect employed by methyl-containing nutrients in DNA methylation. Thus, for the purpose of illuminating viable therapeutic measures and preventive strategies for CVDs, research should continue to explore the intricate associations that exist between epigenetic regulation and CVD pathogenesis. This review centers on an exposition of the mechanism by which DNA methylation takes place, the impact it has on a range of conditions, and the potential clinical value of nutrition, driven mainly by the observation that nutritional supplements such as folic acid can affect DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Peng Bin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tianwei Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wenkai Ren
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jin Zhong
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jun Liang
- College of Packaging and Printing Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Chien-An Andy Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, MSC08 4670, Fitz 258, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
- Animal Nutrition and Human Health Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Zhaoying Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan 410125, China
- Animal Nutrition and Human Health Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Next generation sequencing and large-scale analysis of patient specimens has created a more complete picture of multiple myeloma (MM) revealing that epigenetic deregulation is a prominent factor in MM pathogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS Over half of MM patients have mutations in genes encoding epigenetic modifier enzymes. The DNA methylation profile of MM is related to the stage of the disease and certain classes of mutations in epigenetic modifiers are more prevalent upon disease relapse, suggesting a role in disease progression. Many small molecules targeting regulators of epigenetic machinery have been developed and clinical trials are underway for some of these in MM. SUMMARY Recent findings suggest that epigenetic targeting drugs could be an important strategy to cure MM. Combining these agents along with other strategies to affect the MM cell such as immunomodulatory drugs and proteasome inhibitors may enhance efficacy of combination regimens in MM.
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22
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Abdel-Hafiz HA. Epigenetic Mechanisms of Tamoxifen Resistance in Luminal Breast Cancer. Diseases 2017; 5:E16. [PMID: 28933369 PMCID: PMC5622332 DOI: 10.3390/diseases5030016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers and the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive cancer is the most frequent subtype representing more than 70% of breast cancers. These tumors respond to endocrine therapy targeting the ER pathway including selective ER modulators (SERMs), selective ER downregulators (SERDs) and aromatase inhibitors (AIs). However, resistance to endocrine therapy associated with disease progression remains a significant therapeutic challenge. The precise mechanisms of endocrine resistance remain unclear. This is partly due to the complexity of the signaling pathways that influence the estrogen-mediated regulation in breast cancer. Mechanisms include ER modifications, alteration of coregulatory function and modification of growth factor signaling pathways. In this review, we provide an overview of epigenetic mechanisms of tamoxifen resistance in ER-positive luminal breast cancer. We highlight the effect of epigenetic changes on some of the key mechanisms involved in tamoxifen resistance, such as tumor-cell heterogeneity, ER signaling pathway and cancer stem cells (CSCs). It became increasingly recognized that CSCs are playing an important role in driving metastasis and tamoxifen resistance. Understanding the mechanism of tamoxifen resistance will provide insight into the design of novel strategies to overcome the resistance and make further improvements in breast cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany A Abdel-Hafiz
- Department of Medicine/Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Ms 8106 PO Box 6511, 12801 E 17th Avenue, Aurora, Denver, CO 80010, USA; Tel.: +1-303-724-1013; Fax: +1-303-724-3920.
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23
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Castillo-Aguilera O, Depreux P, Halby L, Arimondo PB, Goossens L. DNA Methylation Targeting: The DNMT/HMT Crosstalk Challenge. Biomolecules 2017; 7:biom7010003. [PMID: 28067760 PMCID: PMC5372715 DOI: 10.3390/biom7010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatin can adopt a decondensed state linked to gene transcription (euchromatin) and a condensed state linked to transcriptional repression (heterochromatin). These states are controlled by epigenetic modulators that are active on either the DNA or the histones and are tightly associated to each other. Methylation of both DNA and histones is involved in either the activation or silencing of genes and their crosstalk. Since DNA/histone methylation patterns are altered in cancers, molecules that target these modifications are interesting therapeutic tools. We present herein a vast panel of DNA methyltransferase inhibitors classified according to their mechanism, as well as selected histone methyltransferase inhibitors sharing a common mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Castillo-Aguilera
- Univ. Lille, ICPAL, EA 7365-GRITA-Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, 3 rue du Pr. Laguesse, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Patrick Depreux
- Univ. Lille, ICPAL, EA 7365-GRITA-Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, 3 rue du Pr. Laguesse, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Ludovic Halby
- FRE3600 Epigenetic Targeting of Cancer, CNRS, 31035 Toulouse, France.
| | - Paola B Arimondo
- FRE3600 Epigenetic Targeting of Cancer, CNRS, 31035 Toulouse, France.
- Churchill College, Cambridge CB3 0DS, UK.
| | - Laurence Goossens
- Univ. Lille, ICPAL, EA 7365-GRITA-Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, 3 rue du Pr. Laguesse, F-59000 Lille, France.
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Therapeutic benefits of the methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine on nerve injury–induced mechanical hypersensitivity and cognitive impairment in mice. Pain 2016; 158:802-810. [DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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25
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Eid A, Zawia N. Consequences of lead exposure, and it’s emerging role as an epigenetic modifier in the aging brain. Neurotoxicology 2016; 56:254-261. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Ganesan A. Multitarget Drugs: an Epigenetic Epiphany. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:1227-41. [PMID: 26891251 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetics refers to changes in a biological phenotype that are not due to an underlying change in genotype. In eukaryotes, epigenetics involves a set of chemical modifications of the DNA and the histone proteins in nucleosomes. These dynamic changes are carried out by enzymes and modulate protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid interactions to determine whether specific genes are expressed or silenced. Both the epigenetic enzymes and recognition domains are currently important drug discovery targets, particularly for the treatment of cancer. This review summarizes the progress of epigenetic targets that have reached a clinical stage: DNA methyltransferases, histone deacetylases, lysine methyltransferases, lysine demethylases, and bromodomains; this is followed by a comprehensive survey of multitarget drugs that have included an epigenetic target as one of their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ganesan
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
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Eid A, Bihaqi SW, Renehan WE, Zawia NH. Developmental lead exposure and lifespan alterations in epigenetic regulators and their correspondence to biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 2:123-31. [PMID: 27239543 PMCID: PMC4879653 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadm.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early life lead (Pb) exposure results in a latent increase in Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related proteins, and cognitive deficits late in life in both rodents and primates. This study was conducted to investigate if these late life changes were accompanied by epigenetic alterations. METHODS Western blot analysis and RT-PCR were used to measure Deoxyribonucleic acid methylation regulators (DNMT1, DNMT3a, MeCP2, MAT2A) and histone proteins (H3K9Ac, H3K4me2, H3K27me3). RESULTS Cerebral levels of DNMT1 and MeCP2 were significantly reduced in mice exposed to Pb early in life, whereas the expression of DNMT3a was not altered. Levels of MAT2a were increased in the Pb-exposed mice across the lifespan. H3K9Ac and H3K4me2, involved in gene activation, were decreased, whereas the repressive mark H3K27me3 was elevated. DISCUSSION Epigenetic modifiers are affected by the developmental exposure to Pb and may play a role in mediating the latent increases in AD-related proteins in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aseel Eid
- Neurodegeneration Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
- Geroge and Ann Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston RI, USA
| | - Syed Waseem Bihaqi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - William E. Renehan
- Neurodegeneration Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
- Geroge and Ann Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston RI, USA
| | - Nasser H. Zawia
- Neurodegeneration Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
- Geroge and Ann Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston RI, USA
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28
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Abdul KSM, Jayasinghe SS, Chandana EPS, Jayasumana C, De Silva PMCS. Arsenic and human health effects: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 40:828-46. [PMID: 26476885 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 428] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is ubiquitous in nature and humans being exposed to arsenic via atmospheric air, ground water and food sources are certain. Major sources of arsenic contamination could be either through geological or via anthropogenic activities. In physiological individuals, organ system is described as group of organs that transact collectively and associate with other systems for conventional body functions. Arsenic has been associated with persuading a variety of complications in body organ systems: integumentary, nervous, respiratory, cardiovascular, hematopoietic, immune, endocrine, hepatic, renal, reproductive system and development. In this review, we outline the effects of arsenic on the human body with a main focus on assorted organ systems with respective disease conditions. Additionally, underlying mechanisms of disease development in each organ system due to arsenic have also been explored. Strikingly, arsenic has been able to induce epigenetic changes (in utero) and genetic mutations (a leading cause of cancer) in the body. Occurrence of various arsenic induced health effects involving emerging areas such as epigenetics and cancer along with their respective mechanisms are also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Channa Jayasumana
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rajarata University, Anuradhapura 50008, Sri Lanka
| | - P Mangala C S De Silva
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Ruhuna, Matara 81000, Sri Lanka
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29
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Lardenoije R, van den Hove DL, Vaessen TS, Iatrou A, Meuwissen KP, van Hagen BT, Kenis G, Steinbusch HW, Schmitz C, Rutten BP. Epigenetic modifications in mouse cerebellar Purkinje cells: effects of aging, caloric restriction, and overexpression of superoxide dismutase 1 on 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine. Neurobiol Aging 2015; 36:3079-3089. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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30
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Sen A, Heredia N, Senut MC, Land S, Hollocher K, Lu X, Dereski MO, Ruden DM. Multigenerational epigenetic inheritance in humans: DNA methylation changes associated with maternal exposure to lead can be transmitted to the grandchildren. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14466. [PMID: 26417717 PMCID: PMC4586440 DOI: 10.1038/srep14466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We report that the DNA methylation profile of a child’s neonatal whole blood can be significantly influenced by his or her mother’s neonatal blood lead levels (BLL). We recruited 35 mother-infant pairs in Detroit and measured the whole blood lead (Pb) levels and DNA methylation levels at over 450,000 loci from current blood and neonatal blood from both the mother and the child. We found that mothers with high neonatal BLL correlate with altered DNA methylation at 564 loci in their children’s neonatal blood. Our results suggest that Pb exposure during pregnancy affects the DNA methylation status of the fetal germ cells, which leads to altered DNA methylation in grandchildren’s neonatal dried blood spots. This is the first demonstration that an environmental exposure in pregnant mothers can have an epigenetic effect on the DNA methylation pattern in the grandchildren.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arko Sen
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201.,Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201
| | - Nicole Heredia
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201
| | - Marie-Claude Senut
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201
| | - Susan Land
- C. S. Mott Centre for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201
| | | | - Xiangyi Lu
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201
| | - Mary O Dereski
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI 48309
| | - Douglas M Ruden
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201.,C. S. Mott Centre for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201
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31
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Qing Y, Hu H, Liu Y, Feng T, Meng W, Jiang L, Sun Y, Yao Y. Berberine induces apoptosis in human multiple myeloma cell line U266 through hypomethylation of p53 promoter. Cell Biol Int 2015; 38:563-70. [PMID: 24843889 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Berberine has multiple pharmacological activities, such as anti-oxidative, anti-inflammation and anticancer activity. It reduces the proliferation and induces apoptosis in the multiple myeloma cell line, U266. Here we explored the detailed mechanism by analysing the gene expression profiles in U266 treated with or without berberine. DNMT1 andDNMT3B, encoding for a highly conserved member of the DNA methyltransferases, decreased significantly. By dissection of biochemical network database (BNDB) with Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) annotation, the p53 signalling pathway related genes were altered. By using epigenetic chromatin modification enzymes PCR Array, gene expression microarray, RT-PCR and Bisulphite sequencing, the results show that berberine can repress the expression of DNMT1 and DNMT3B, which triggers hypomethylation of TP53 by changing the DNA methylation level and the alteration of p53 dependent signal pathway in human multiple melanoma cell U266.
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Sun H, Lu F, Zhu P, Liu X, Tian M, Luo C, Ruan Q, Ruan Z, Liu Q, Jiang J, Wei Y, Shi D. Effects of Scriptaid on the Histone Acetylation, DNA Methylation and Development of Buffalo Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos. Cell Reprogram 2015; 17:404-14. [PMID: 26035741 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2014.0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of Scriptaid treatment on histone acetylation, DNA methylation, expression of genes related to histone acetylation, and development of buffalo somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. Treatment of buffalo SCNT embryos with 500 nM Scriptaid for 24 h resulted in a significant increase in the blastocyst formation rate (28.2% vs. 13.6%, p<0.05). Meanwhile, treatment of buffalo SCNT embryos with Scriptaid also resulted in higher acetylation levels of H3K18 and lower methylation levels of global DNA at the blastocyst stage, which was similar to fertilized counterparts. The expression levels of CBP, p300, HAT1, Dnmt1, and Dnmt3a in SCNT embryos treated with Scriptaid were significantly lower than the control group at the eight-cell stage (p<0.05), but the expression of HAT1 and Dnmt1a was higher than the control group at the blastocyst stage (p<0.05). When 96 blastocysts developed from Scriptaid-treated SCNT embryos were transferred into 48 recipients, 11 recipients (22.9%) became pregnant, whereas only one recipient (11.1%) became pregnant following transfer of 18 blastocysts developed from untreated SCNT embryos into nine recipients. These results indicate that treatment of buffalo SCNT embryos with Scriptaid can improve their developmental competence, and this action is mediated by resulting in a similar histone acetylation level and global DNA methylation level compared to in vitro-fertilized embryos through regulating the expression pattern of genes related to histone acetylation and DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Sun
- 1 Guangxi High Education Key Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China .,2 These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Fenghua Lu
- 1 Guangxi High Education Key Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China .,2 These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Peng Zhu
- 1 Guangxi High Education Key Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- 1 Guangxi High Education Key Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingming Tian
- 1 Guangxi High Education Key Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Chan Luo
- 1 Guangxi High Education Key Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuyan Ruan
- 1 Guangxi High Education Key Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyun Ruan
- 1 Guangxi High Education Key Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyou Liu
- 1 Guangxi High Education Key Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianrong Jiang
- 1 Guangxi High Education Key Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingming Wei
- 1 Guangxi High Education Key Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Deshun Shi
- 1 Guangxi High Education Key Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
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Abdel-Hafiz HA, Horwitz KB. Role of epigenetic modifications in luminal breast cancer. Epigenomics 2015; 7:847-62. [PMID: 25689414 DOI: 10.2217/epi.15.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Luminal breast cancers represent approximately 75% of cases. Explanations into the causes of endocrine resistance are complex and are generally ascribed to genomic mechanisms. Recently, attention has been drawn to the role of epigenetic modifications in hormone resistance. We review these here. Epigenetic modifications are reversible, heritable and include changes in DNA methylation patterns, modification of histones and altered microRNA expression levels that target the receptors or their signaling pathways. Large-scale analyses indicate distinct epigenomic profiles that distinguish breast cancers from normal and benign tissues. Taking advantage of the reversibility of epigenetic modifications, drugs that target epigenetic modifiers, given in combination with chemotherapies or endocrine therapies, may represent promising approaches to restoration of therapy responsiveness in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany A Abdel-Hafiz
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kathryn B Horwitz
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Pathology, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Ha AN, Fakruzzaman M, Lee KL, Bang JI, Deb GK, Wang Z, Kong IK. Effects of co-culture of cumulus oocyte complexes with denuded oocytes during in vitro maturation on the developmental competence of cloned bovine embryos. Reprod Domest Anim 2015; 50:292-298. [PMID: 25605137 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of co-culture of immature cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) with denuded immature oocytes (DO) during in vitro maturation on the developmental competence and quality of cloned bovine embryos. We demonstrated that developmental competence, judged by the blastocyst formation rate, was significantly higher in the co-cultured somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT+DO, 37.1 ± 1.1%) group than that in the non-co-cultured somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT-DO, 25.1 ± 0.9%) group and was very similar to that in the control IVF (IVF, 38.8 ± 2.8%) group. Moreover, the total cell number per blastocyst in the SCNT+DO group (101.7 ± 6.2) was higher than that in the SCNT-DO group (81.7 ± 4.3), while still less than that in the IVF group (133.3 ± 6.0). Furthermore, our data showed that mRNA levels of the methylation-related genes DNMT1 and DNMT3a in the SCNT+DO group were similar to that in the IVF group, while they were significantly higher in the SCNT-DO group. Similarly, while the mRNA levels of the deacetylation-related genes HDAC2 and HDAC3 were significantly higher in the SCNT-DO group, they were comparable between the IVF and SCNT+DO groups. However, the mRNA levels of HDAC1 and DNMT3B were significantly higher in the SCNT+DO group than in the other groups. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that co-culture of COCs with DO improves the in vitro developmental competence and quality of cloned embryos, as evidenced by increased total cell number.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-N Ha
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - M Fakruzzaman
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - K-L Lee
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - J-I Bang
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - G-K Deb
- Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - I-K Kong
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.,Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
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35
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Santos Franco S, Raveh-Amit H, Kobolák J, Alqahtani MH, Mobasheri A, Dinnyes A. The crossroads between cancer stem cells and aging. BMC Cancer 2015; 15 Suppl 1:S1. [PMID: 25708542 PMCID: PMC4331724 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-15-s1-s1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis suggests that only a subpopulation of cells within a tumour is responsible for the initiation and progression of neoplasia. The original and best evidence for the existence of CSCs came from advances in the field of haematological malignancies. Thus far, putative CSCs have been isolated from various solid and non-solid tumours and shown to possess self-renewal, differentiation, and cancer regeneration properties. Although research in the field is progressing extremely fast, proof of concept for the CSC hypothesis is still lacking and key questions remain unanswered, e.g. the cell of origin for these cells. Nevertheless, it is undisputed that neoplastic transformation is associated with genetic and epigenetic alterations of normal cells, and a better understanding of these complex processes is of utmost importance for developing new anti-cancer therapies. In the present review, we discuss the CSC hypothesis with special emphasis on age-associated alterations that govern carcinogenesis, at least in some types of tumours. We present evidence from the scientific literature for age-related genetic and epigenetic alterations leading to cancer and discuss the main challenges in the field.
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Lopez-Pastrana J, Shao Y, Chernaya V, Wang H, Yang XF. Epigenetic enzymes are the therapeutic targets for CD4(+)CD25(+/high)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells. Transl Res 2015; 165:221-40. [PMID: 25193380 PMCID: PMC4259825 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
CD4(+)CD25(+/high)Foxp3(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells are a subset of CD4(+) T cells that play an essential role in maintaining peripheral immune tolerance. Several transcriptional cofactors have been recently identified, which form complexes with transcription factor Foxp3 of Treg cells and contribute in the suppressive function of Treg cells. However, Foxp3 is still defined as a "master" (multiple pathway) regulator gene that controls the development and stability of Treg cells. Because of its importance, the regulatory mechanisms underlying Foxp3 expression have been a focus of intensive investigation. Recent progress suggests that the epigenetic mechanisms responsible for regulating the Foxp3 gene expression are key components of suppressive activity of Treg cells. This review not only discusses the basic concepts of biology and epigenetic modifications of Treg cells, but also analyzes the translational clinical aspect of epigenetic modifications of Treg cells, focusing on several ongoing clinical trials and the Food and Drugs administration (FDA) approved epigenetic-based drugs. The new progress in identifying epigenetic enzymes functional in Treg cells is a new target for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, graft-vs-host disease and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahaira Lopez-Pastrana
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Penn
| | - Ying Shao
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Penn
| | - Valeria Chernaya
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Penn
| | - Hong Wang
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Penn
| | - Xiao-Feng Yang
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Penn; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Penn.
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Bai G, Ren K, Dubner R. Epigenetic regulation of persistent pain. Transl Res 2015; 165:177-99. [PMID: 24948399 PMCID: PMC4247805 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Persistent or chronic pain is tightly associated with various environmental changes and linked to abnormal gene expression within cells processing nociceptive signaling. Epigenetic regulation governs gene expression in response to environmental cues. Recent animal model and clinical studies indicate that epigenetic regulation plays an important role in the development or maintenance of persistent pain and possibly the transition of acute pain to chronic pain, thus shedding light in a direction for development of new therapeutics for persistent pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Bai
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland Dental School, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD.
| | - Ke Ren
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland Dental School, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ronald Dubner
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland Dental School, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
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Çelik S. Understanding the complexity of antigen retrieval of DNA methylation for immunofluorescence-based measurement and an approach to challenge. J Immunol Methods 2014; 416:1-16. [PMID: 25435341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2014.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cytosine methylation (5-methylcytosine, 5meC) in the CpG-rich regions of the mammalian genome is an important epigenetic mechanism playing roles in transcription regulation and genomic stability. The abnormalities in DNA methylation can occur in various types of cancer and some genetic diseases. The measurement of DNA methylation is therefore important and there is a range of methodologies used to detect DNA methylation. Many methods based on bisulfite treatment appeared with a lack of specificity after recent discoveries of various modifications of methylated cytosine, however there are new treatments developed to overcome this limitation. Immunofluorescence is currently known to be able to specifically detect DNA methylation as it uses different antibodies against 5meC and its derivatives, but it is a semi-quantitative method. Immunofluorescence protocols commonly include fixation of cells followed by permeabilisation, antigen retrieval, and treatments with antibodies. Establishing the strategy for antigen retrieval of immunofluorescence is important to unmask epitopes (i.e. 5meC) from other proteins, and therefore to access the antigen of interest. There are many approaches used for antigen retrieval induced by acid, enzyme and/or heat. The selection of antigen retrieval method can depend on a variety of such antigen-based or cell-based conditions, since the dynamic structure of DNA and chromatin accounts for the complexity of involved proteins to mask the epitope. This review aims to specifically focus on the complexity of in situ detection of DNA methylation by immunofluorescence-based methods using antigen retrieval with the current understanding of DNA methylation mechanism, and suggests conditions for antigenic retrieval of 5meC epitope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selcen Çelik
- Human Reproduction and Development Unit, Kolling Institute for Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney 2065, Australia.
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39
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Pham LTM, Kim YH. Accelerated degradation of lignin by lignin peroxidase isozyme H8 (LiPH8) from Phanerochaete chrysosporium with engineered 4-O-methyltransferase from Clarkia breweri. Enzyme Microb Technol 2014; 66:74-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2014.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Liyanage VRB, Jarmasz JS, Murugeshan N, Del Bigio MR, Rastegar M, Davie JR. DNA modifications: function and applications in normal and disease States. BIOLOGY 2014; 3:670-723. [PMID: 25340699 PMCID: PMC4280507 DOI: 10.3390/biology3040670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetics refers to a variety of processes that have heritable effects on gene expression programs without changes in DNA sequence. Key players in epigenetic control are chemical modifications to DNA, histone, and non-histone chromosomal proteins, which establish a complex regulatory network that controls genome function. Methylation of DNA at the fifth position of cytosine in CpG dinucleotides (5-methylcytosine, 5mC), which is carried out by DNA methyltransferases, is commonly associated with gene silencing. However, high resolution mapping of DNA methylation has revealed that 5mC is enriched in exonic nucleosomes and at intron-exon junctions, suggesting a role of DNA methylation in the relationship between elongation and RNA splicing. Recent studies have increased our knowledge of another modification of DNA, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), which is a product of the ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins converting 5mC to 5hmC. In this review, we will highlight current studies on the role of 5mC and 5hmC in regulating gene expression (using some aspects of brain development as examples). Further the roles of these modifications in detection of pathological states (type 2 diabetes, Rett syndrome, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders and teratogen exposure) will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vichithra R B Liyanage
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
| | - Jessica S Jarmasz
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
| | - Nanditha Murugeshan
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
| | - Marc R Del Bigio
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
| | - Mojgan Rastegar
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
| | - James R Davie
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
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41
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Tavalaee M, Bahreinian M, Barekat F, Abbasi H, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Effect of varicocelectomy on sperm functional characteristics and DNA methylation. Andrologia 2014; 47:904-9. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Tavalaee
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center; Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR; Isfahan Iran
| | - M. Bahreinian
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center; Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR; Isfahan Iran
| | - F. Barekat
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center; Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR; Isfahan Iran
| | - H. Abbasi
- Isfahan Fertility and Infertility Center; Isfahan Iran
| | - M. H. Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center; Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR; Isfahan Iran
- Isfahan Fertility and Infertility Center; Isfahan Iran
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42
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Zhu Y, Song X, Wang J, Li Y, Yang Y, Yang T, Ma H, Wang L, Zhang G, Cho WC, Liu X, Wei J. Placental mesenchymal stem cells of fetal origin deposit epigenetic alterations during long-term culture under serum-free condition. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2014; 15:163-80. [PMID: 25231124 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2015.960837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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43
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Zhou Y, Zhang T, Zhang QK, Jiang Y, Xu DG, Zhang M, Shen W, Pan QJ. Unstable expression of transgene is associated with the methylation of CAG promoter in the offspring from the same litter of homozygous transgenic mice. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:5177-86. [PMID: 24804614 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3385-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic animals have been established for studying gene function, improving animals' production traits, and providing organ models for the exploration of human diseases. However, the stability of inheritance and transgene expression in transgenic animals has gained extensive attention. The unstable expression of transgene through DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) targeting to the methylation of transgenic DNA such as CAG promoter and Egfp coding region in homozygous transgenic animals is still unknown. In the present study, the offspring from the same litter of homozygous transgenic mice carrying ubiquitously expressed enhanced green fluorescence protein driven by CMV early enhancer/chicken β-actin (CAG) promoter was observed to have unstable expression of transgene Egfp, quantitative PCR, western blot and bisulfite sequencing were conducted to quantify the expressional characteristics and methylation levels in various tissues. The correlation between transgene expression and methylation was analyzed. We have found that transgene expression is dependent on the methylation of CAG promoter, but not Egfp coding region. We have also characterized the correlation between the methylation of CAG promoter and DNMT, and found that only Dnmt3b expression is correlated with the methylation of CAG promoter. In conclusion, Dnmt3b-related methylation of CAG promoter can inhibit the transgene expression and may result in the unstable expression of transgene in the offspring from the same litter of homozygous transgenic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shan Dong, China
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44
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Aberrant DNA methylation in human cancers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 33:798-804. [PMID: 24337838 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-013-1201-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation, one of the best-characterized epigenetic modifications, plays essential roles in diseases, including human cancers. In recent years, our understanding on DNA methylation with human cancers has made significant progress, which was facilitated by stunning development in the analysis of the human methylome of multiple cancer types. In this review, recent developments in the characterization of aberrant DNA methylation involved in human cancers development were discussed with special emphasis on the mechanisms of aberrant DNA methylation in human cancers. We also summarize the recent treatment strategy for human cancers with de-methylation drugs.
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45
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Urbanek-Olejnik K, Liszewska M, Winczura A, Kostka G. Changes of c-Myc and DNMT1 mRNA and protein levels in the rat livers induced by dibutyl phthalate treatment. Toxicol Ind Health 2013; 32:801-8. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233713512363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the relationship between dibutyl phthalate (DBP)-induced hypomethylation of the c-Myc promoter region (as evident in our early study) and the expression of c-Myc and DNMT1 genes (at messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein level) in the rat liver. Male Wistar rats received DBP in 1, 3, or 14 daily doses of 1800 mg kg−1 body weight. Levels of DNMT1, c-Myc mRNA, and proteins were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis, respectively. Our findings indicate that DBP caused an increase in mRNA levels of c-Myc at all time points. The results showed that protein levels of c-Myc in rat liver also increased significantly by DBP treatment, which were more pronounced at last time point (after 14 doses). Furthermore, overexpression of DNMT1gene have been found after one dose of DBP, which was confirmed at the protein level by Western blot analysis. Reduced levels of DNMT1mRNA and proteins (3 and 14 doses) were coordinated with depletion DNA synthesis (reported previously). Based on our previous results and those presented here, the following conclusion could be drawn: (1) DBP exerted biological activity through epigenetic modulation of c-Myc gene expression; (2) it seems possible that DBP-induced active demethylation of c-Myc gene through mechanism(s) linked to generation of reactive oxygen species by activated c-Myc; and (3) control of DNA replication was not directly dependent on c-Myc transcriptional activity and we attribute this finding to DNMT1gene expression which was tightly coordinated with DNA synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Urbanek-Olejnik
- Department of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Liszewska
- Department of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alicja Winczura
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grażyna Kostka
- Department of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland
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46
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Saini A, Mastana S, Myers F, Lewis MP. 'From death, lead me to immortality' - mantra of ageing skeletal muscle. Curr Genomics 2013; 14:256-67. [PMID: 24294106 PMCID: PMC3731816 DOI: 10.2174/1389202911314040004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a post-mitotic tissue maintained by repair and regeneration through a population of stem cell-like satellite cells. Following muscle injury, satellite cell proliferation is mediated by local signals ensuring sufficient progeny for tissue repair. Age–related changes in satellite cells as well as to the local and systemic environment potentially impact on the capacity of satellite cells to generate sufficient progeny in an ageing organism resulting in diminished regeneration. ‘Rejuvenation’ of satellite cell progeny and regenerative capacity by environmental stimuli effectors suggest that a subset of age-dependent satellite cell changes may be reversible. Epigenetic regulation of satellite stem cells that include DNA methylation and histone modifications which regulate gene expression are potential mechanisms for such reversible changes and have been shown to control organismal longevity. The area of health and ageing that is likely to benefit soonest from advances in the biology of adult stem cells is the emerging field of regenerative medicine. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which epigenetic modifications regulate satellite stem cell function and will require an increased understanding of stem-cell biology, the environment of the aged tissue and the interaction between the two.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarjit Saini
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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47
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Gruber AJ, Zavolan M. Modulation of epigenetic regulators and cell fate decisions by miRNAs. Epigenomics 2013; 5:671-83. [DOI: 10.2217/epi.13.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian gene expression is controlled at multiple levels by a variety of regulators, including chromatin modifiers, transcription factors and miRNAs. The latter are small, ncRNAs that inhibit the expression of target mRNAs by reducing both their stability and translation rate. In this review, we summarize the recent work towards characterizing miRNA targets that are themselves involved in the regulation of gene expression at the epigenetic level. Epigenetic regulators are strongly enriched among the predicted targets of miRNAs, which may contribute to the documented importance of miRNAs for pluripotency, organism development and somatic cell reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas J Gruber
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mihaela Zavolan
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
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48
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Chen BF, Gu S, Suen YK, Li L, Chan WY. microRNA-199a-3p, DNMT3A, and aberrant DNA methylation in testicular cancer. Epigenetics 2013; 9:119-28. [PMID: 23959088 DOI: 10.4161/epi.25799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
It was previously demonstrated that miR-199a was downregulated in testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT), probably due to hypermethylation of its promoter. Further study found that re-expression of miR-199a in testicular cancer cells (NT2) led to suppression of cell growth, cancer migration, invasion and metastasis. More detailed analyses showed that these properties of miR-199a could be assigned to miR-199a-5p, one of its two derivatives. The biological role of the other derivative, miR-199a-3p in TGCT, remains largely uncharacterized. In this report, we identified DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A), the de novo methyltransferase, as a direct target of miR-199a-3p using a 3'-UTR reporter assay. Transient expression of miR-199a-3p in NT2 cells led to decrease, while knocking down of miR-199a-3p in a normal human testicular cell line (HT) led to elevation, of DNMT3A2 (DNMT3A gene isoform 2) mRNA and protein levels. In clinical samples, DNMT3A2 was significantly overexpressed in malignant testicular tumor, and the expression of DNMT3A2 was inversely correlated with the expression of miR-199a-3p. However, DNMT3A did not affect miR-199a expression in NT2 cells. Further characterization of miR-199a-3p revealed that it negatively regulated DNA methylation, partly through targeting DNMT3A. Overexpression of miR-199a-3p restored the expression of APC and MGMT tumor-suppressor genes in NT2 cells by affecting DNA methylation of their promoter regions. Our studies demonstrated the deregulation of miR-199a-3p expression in TGCT may provide novel mechanistic insights into TGCT carcinogenesis and suggested a potentially therapeutic use of synthetic miR-199a-3p oligonucleotides as effective hypomethylating compounds in the treatment of TGCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine; Ministry of Education; School of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Medicine; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Shen Gu
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine; Ministry of Education; School of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Medicine; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Yick-Keung Suen
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine; Ministry of Education; School of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Medicine; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Lu Li
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine; Ministry of Education; School of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Medicine; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Wai-Yee Chan
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine; Ministry of Education; School of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Medicine; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong, P.R. China
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49
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Integrative analysis of methylome and transcriptome reveals the importance of unmethylated CpGs in non-CpG island gene activation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:785731. [PMID: 23936848 PMCID: PMC3722964 DOI: 10.1155/2013/785731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background. Promoter methylation is associated with gene repression; however, little is known about its mechanism. It was proposed that the repression of methylated genes is achieved through the recruitment of methyl binding proteins (MBPs) that participate in closing the chromatin. An alternative mechanism suggests that methylation interferes with the binding of either site specific activators or more general activators that bind to the CpG dinucleotide. However, the relative contribution of these two mechanisms to gene repression is not known. Results. Bioinformatics analyses of genome-wide transcriptome and methylome data support the latter hypothesis by demonstrating a strong association between transcription and the number of unmethylated CpGs at the promoter of genes lacking CpG islands. Conclusions. Our results suggest that methylation represses gene expression mainly by preventing the binding of CpG binding activators.
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50
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Yoo J, Choi S, Medina-Franco JL. Molecular modeling studies of the novel inhibitors of DNA methyltransferases SGI-1027 and CBC12: implications for the mechanism of inhibition of DNMTs. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62152. [PMID: 23637988 PMCID: PMC3636198 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that regulates gene expression by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). Inhibition of DNMTs is a promising approach for cancer therapy. Recently, novel classes of the quinolone-based compound, SGI-1027, and RG108-procainamide conjugates, CBC12, have been identified as potent DNMT inhibitors. In this work, we report comprehensive studies using induced-fit docking of SGI-1027 and CBC12 with human DNMT1 and DNMT3A. The docking was performed in the C-terminal MTase catalytic domain, which contains the substrate and cofactor binding sites, in the presence and absence of other domains. Induced-fit docking predicts possible binding modes of the ligands through the appropriate structural changes in the receptor. This work suggests a hypothesis of the inhibitory mechanisms of the new inhibitors which is in agreement with the reported autoinhibitory mechanism. The insights obtained in this work can be used to design DNMT inhibitors with novel scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakyung Yoo
- National Leading Research Lab of Molecular Modeling & Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Global Top5 Research Program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Choi
- National Leading Research Lab of Molecular Modeling & Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Global Top5 Research Program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail: (SC) (SC); (JLMF) (JM)
| | - José L. Medina-Franco
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- * E-mail: (SC) (SC); (JLMF) (JM)
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