1
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Mehla N, Mukhopadhyaya A, Ali S, Ali ME. Orchestration of ferro- and anti-ferromagnetic ordering in gold nanoclusters. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:13445-13456. [PMID: 38920340 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00856a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The unpaired electron in the gold clusters (Aun, n = no. of Au atoms) with an odd number of total electrons is solely responsible for the magnetic properties in the small-sized Au nano-clusters. However, no such unpaired electron is available due to pairing in the even number of atom gold clusters and behaving as a diamagnetic entity similar to bulk gold. In this work, we unveiled the spin-density distribution of odd Aun clusters with n = 1 to 19 that reveals that a single unpaired electron gets distributed non-uniformly among all Au-atoms depending on the cluster size and morphology. The delocalization of the unpaired electron leads to the spin dilution approaching a value of ∼1/n spin moments on each atom for the higher clusters. Interestingly, small odd-numbered gold clusters possess spin-magnetic moments similar to the delocalized spin moments as of organic radicals. Can cooperative magnetic properties be obtained by coupling these individual magnetic gold nanoparticles? In this work, by applying state-of-the-art computational methodologies, we have demonstrated ferromagnetic or anti-ferromagnetic couplings between such magnetic nanoclusters upon designing suitable organic spacers. These findings will open up a new avenue of nanoscale magnetic materials combining organic spacers and odd-electron nano-clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Mehla
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India.
| | - Aritra Mukhopadhyaya
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India.
| | - Shahjad Ali
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India.
| | - Md Ehesan Ali
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India.
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2
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Liang Z, Xiao L, Wang Q, Zhang B, Mo W, Xie S, Liu X, Chen Y, Yang S, Du H, Wang P, Li F, Ling D. Ligand-Mediated Magnetism-Conversion Nanoprobes for Activatable Ultra-High Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318948. [PMID: 38212253 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Ultra-high field (UHF) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as a focal point of interest in the field of cancer diagnosis. Despite the ability of current paramagnetic or superparamagnetic smart MRI contrast agents to selectively enhance tumor signals in low-field MRI, their effectiveness at UHF remains inadequate due to inherent magnetism. Here, we report a ligand-mediated magnetism-conversion nanoprobe (MCNP) composed of 3-mercaptopropionic acid ligand-coated silver-gadolinium bimetallic nanoparticles. The MCNP exhibits a pH-dependent magnetism conversion from ferromagnetism to diamagnetism, facilitating tunable nanomagnetism for pH-activatable UHF MRI. Under neutral pH, the thiolate (-S- ) ligands lead to short τ'm and increased magnetization of the MCNPs. Conversely, in the acidic tumor microenvironment, the thiolate ligands are protonated and transform into thiol (-SH) ligands, resulting in prolonged τ'm and decreased magnetization of the MCNP, thereby enhancing longitudinal relaxivity (r1) values at UHF MRI. Notably, under a 9 T MRI field, the pH-sensitive changes in Ag-S binding affinity of the MCNP lead to a remarkable (>10-fold) r1 increase in an acidic medium (pH 5.0). In vivo studies demonstrate the capability of MCNPs to amplify MRI signal of hepatic tumors, suggesting their potential as a next-generation UHF-tailored smart MRI contrast agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Liang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qiyue Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- World Laureates Association (WLA) Laboratories, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wenkui Mo
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shangzhi Xie
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xun Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shengfei Yang
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hui Du
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Pengzhan Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Fangyuan Li
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- World Laureates Association (WLA) Laboratories, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Songjiang Institute and Songjiang Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Daishun Ling
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- World Laureates Association (WLA) Laboratories, Shanghai, 201203, China
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3
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Gao SL, Zhang TT, Qiu LP, Zhang YR, Cheng GT, Liu Q, Han WP, Ramakrishna S, Long YZ. Preparation and Peculiar Magnetic Properties at Low Temperatures of La 1.85Sr 0.15CuO 4 Nanofibers. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:361. [PMID: 38392734 PMCID: PMC10891900 DOI: 10.3390/nano14040361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Herein, the preparation process, morphology, structure, and magnetic properties of La1.85Sr0.15CuO4 (LSCO) cobweb-like nanofibers are reported. LSCO nanofibers with a regular grain size distribution are successfully prepared via electrospinning, followed by calcination. We conducted morphology analysis and elemental distribution using electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. Additionally, magnetic property testing was performed using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) to confirm the superconducting properties of the samples. Interestingly, our samples exhibited a superconducting transition temperature, Tc, of 25.21 K, which showed some disparity compared to similar works. Furthermore, we observed a ferromagnetic response at low temperatures in the superconducting nanofibers. We attribute these phenomena to the effects generated by surface states of nanoscale superconducting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Long Gao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanomaterials & Devices, Innovation Institute for Advanced Nanofibers, College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China (W.-P.H.)
| | - Ting-Ting Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanomaterials & Devices, Innovation Institute for Advanced Nanofibers, College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China (W.-P.H.)
| | - Li-Peng Qiu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanomaterials & Devices, Innovation Institute for Advanced Nanofibers, College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China (W.-P.H.)
| | - Yu-Rui Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanomaterials & Devices, Innovation Institute for Advanced Nanofibers, College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China (W.-P.H.)
| | - Guo-Ting Cheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA;
| | - Qi Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanomaterials & Devices, Innovation Institute for Advanced Nanofibers, College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China (W.-P.H.)
| | - Wen-Peng Han
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanomaterials & Devices, Innovation Institute for Advanced Nanofibers, College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China (W.-P.H.)
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanotechnology & Sustainability, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117574, Singapore;
| | - Yun-Ze Long
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanomaterials & Devices, Innovation Institute for Advanced Nanofibers, College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China (W.-P.H.)
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4
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Mehrban M, Madrakian T, Afkhami A, Jalal NR. Fabrication of impedimetric sensor based on metallic nanoparticle for the determination of mesna anticancer drug. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11381. [PMID: 37452101 PMCID: PMC10349103 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38643-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a highly effective technique for studying the surface of electrodes in great detail. EIS-based electrochemical sensors have been widely reported, which measure the charge transfer resistance (Rct) of redox probes on electrode surfaces to monitor the binding of target molecules. One of the protective drugs against hemorrhagic cystitis caused by oxazaphosphorine chemotherapy drugs such as ifosfamide, cyclophosphamide and trophosphamide is Mesna (sodium salt of 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate). The increase in the use of Mesna due to the high consumption of anti-cancer drugs, the determination of this drug in biological samples is of particular importance. So far, no electrochemical method has been reported to measure Mesna. In this research, a novel impedimetric sensor based on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/gold nanoparticle (AuNPs) (denoted as Au NPs/MWCNTs/GCE) for impedimetric determination of Mesna anticancer drug was developed. The modified electrode materials were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and EIS. The electrochemical behavior of Mesna at the surface of Au NPs/MWCNTs/GCE was studied by an impedimetric method. The detection mechanism of Mesna using the proposed impedimetric sensor relied on the increase in the Rct value of [Fe (CN)6]3-/4- as an electrochemical probe in the presence of Mesna compared to the absence of Mesna as the analyte. Under the optimum condition, which covered two linear dynamic ranges from 0.06 nmol L-1 to 1.0 nmol L-1 and 1.0 nmol L-1 to 130.0 µmol L-1, respectively. The detection limit was 0.02 nmol L-1. Finally, the performance of the proposed sensor was investigated for Mesna electrochemical detection in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mehrban
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 6517838695, Iran
| | - Tayyebeh Madrakian
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 6517838695, Iran.
| | - Abbas Afkhami
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 6517838695, Iran
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5
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Tie M, Colford S, Niewczas M, Baumbach R, Dhirani AA. Widely Varying Kondo and Magnetic Interactions in Molecule Gold Nanostructured Materials by Changing the Gold Nanoarchitecture. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:3724-3730. [PMID: 37115852 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Delocalized-localized electron interactions are central to strongly correlated electron phenomena. Here, we study the Kondo effect, a prototypical strongly correlated phenomena, in a tunable fashion using gold nanostructures (nanoparticle, NP, and nanoshell, NS) + molecule cross-linkers (butanedithiol, BDT). NP films exhibit hallmark signatures of the Kondo effect, including (1) a log temperature resistance upturn as temperature decreases in a metallic regime, and (2) zero-bias conductance peaks (ZBCPs) that are well fit by a Frota function near a percolation insulator transition, previously used to model Kondo peaks observed using tunnel junctions. Remarkably, NP + NS films exhibit ZBCPs that persist to >220 K, i.e., >10-fold higher than that in NP films. Magnetic measurements reveal that moments in NP powders align, and in NS powders, they antialign at low temperatures. Based on these observations, we propose a mechanism in which varying such material nanobuilding blocks can modify electron-electron interactions to such a large degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Tie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Sean Colford
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Marek Niewczas
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Ryan Baumbach
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Al-Amin Dhirani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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6
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Pavelka O, Dyakov S, Kvakova K, Vesely J, Cigler P, Valenta J. Towards site-specific emission enhancement of gold nanoclusters using plasmonic systems: advantages and limitations. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:3351-3365. [PMID: 36722767 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr06680g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Photoluminescent gold nanoclusters are widely seen as a promising candidate for applications in biosensing and bioimaging. Although they have many of the required properties, such as biocompatibility and photostability, the luminescence of near infrared emitting gold nanoclusters is still relatively weak compared to the best available fluorophores. This study contributes to the ongoing debate on the possibilities and limitations of improving the performance of gold nanoclusters by combining them with plasmonic nanostructures. We focus on a detailed description of the emission enhancement and compare it with the excitation enhancement obtained in recent works. We prepared a well-defined series of gold nanoclusters attached to gold nanorods whose plasmonic band is tuned to the emission band of gold nanoclusters. In the resultant single-element hybrid nanostructure, the gold nanorods control the luminescence of gold nanoclusters in terms of its spectral position, polarization and lifetime. We identified a range of parameters which determine the mutual interaction of both particles including the inter-particle distance, plasmon-emission spectral overlap, dimension of gold nanorods and even the specific position of gold nanoclusters attached on their surface. We critically assess the practical and theoretical photoluminescence enhancements achievable using the above strategy. Although the emission enhancement was generally low, the observations and methodology presented in this study can provide a valuable insight into the plasmonic enhancement in general and into the photophysics of gold nanoclusters. We believe that our approach can be largely generalized for other relevant studies on plasmon enhanced luminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Pavelka
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, 121 16, Prague, Czechia.
| | - Sergey Dyakov
- Photonics & Quantum Materials Center, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Nobel Street 3, Moscow 143025, Russia
| | - Klaudia Kvakova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10, Prague, Czechia
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Katerinska 1660/32, Prague 121 08, Czechia
| | - Jozef Vesely
- Department of Physics of Materials, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, 121 16, Prague, Czechia
| | - Petr Cigler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jan Valenta
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, 121 16, Prague, Czechia.
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7
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Thiagarajan S, Price E, Connors L, Dettman A, Koh AS. Study of n-Alkanethiol Self-Assembly Behavior on Iron Particles: Effect of Alkyl Chain Length and Adsorption Solvent on Resulting Iron-Based Magnetorheological Fluids. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:13506-13521. [PMID: 36279502 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of organic molecules on metal surfaces are a type of inexpensive surface coating often used to improve metal substrate properties for sensors, electrochemistry, and nanofabrication applications. Iron, specifically, is one of the most commonly used metals, both as a pure metal and as an alloy due to its high conductivity, strong ferromagnetism, and low cost. However, magnetorheological fluids, which have shown impressive energy dampening in fields from civil infrastructure to biomedical devices utilizing iron dispersions, have suffered from low reliability and efficiency due to iron particle oxidation, corrosion, and settling. To understand the effect of self-assembled monolayers on iron and both the adsorbed particle's resistance against aggregation and performance impact, this work performs an in-depth study on alkanethiol-based self-assembled monolayers on iron particles. Adsorption of alkanethiols and the generation of SAMs on micron-sized iron particles were evaluated as a function of adsorption solvent polarity and alkanethiol chain length. Maximum alkanethiol loading, determined from appropriate isotherms, was found to strongly be a function of both parameters. Alkanethiol adsorption increased with increasing alkyl chain length and increasing solvent log P values in polar solvents. With respect to magnetorheologically relevant parameters, alkanethiol adsorption did not show any significant effect on both the magnetic properties of iron (as particles) and fluid on-state yield stress. The colloidal stability of n-alkanethiol adsorbed iron-based magnetorheological fluids (MRFs) was a function of both n-alkanethiol chain length and the iron particle adsorption solvent. MRFs composed of hexadecanethiol adsorbed iron prepared in polar solvents like methanol and ethanol showed excellent sedimentation stability compared to all other MRFs prepared in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhiya Thiagarajan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama35487, United States
| | - Emma Price
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama35487, United States
| | - Lela Connors
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama35487, United States
| | - Aubrey Dettman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama35487, United States
| | - Amanda S Koh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama35487, United States
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8
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Fan X, Walther A. 1D Colloidal chains: recent progress from formation to emergent properties and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:4023-4074. [PMID: 35502721 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00112h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Integrating nanoscale building blocks of low dimensionality (0D; i.e., spheres) into higher dimensional structures endows them and their corresponding materials with emergent properties non-existent or only weakly existent in the individual building blocks. Constructing 1D chains, 2D arrays and 3D superlattices using nanoparticles and colloids therefore continues to be one of the grand goals in colloid and nanomaterial science. Amongst these higher order structures, 1D colloidal chains are of particular interest, as they possess unique anisotropic properties. In recent years, the most relevant advances in 1D colloidal chain research have been made in novel synthetic methodologies and applications. In this review, we first address a comprehensive description of the research progress concerning various synthetic strategies developed to construct 1D colloidal chains. Following this, we highlight the amplified and emergent properties of the resulting materials, originating from the assembly of the individual building blocks and their collective behavior, and discuss relevant applications in advanced materials. In the discussion of synthetic strategies, properties, and applications, particular attention will be paid to overarching concepts, fresh trends, and potential areas of future research. We believe that this comprehensive review will be a driver to guide the interdisciplinary field of 1D colloidal chains, where nanomaterial synthesis, self-assembly, physical property studies, and material applications meet, to a higher level, and open up new research opportunities at the interface of classical disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlong Fan
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 31, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Andreas Walther
- A3BMS Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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Magnetoliposomes Based on Magnetic/Plasmonic Nanoparticles Loaded with Tricyclic Lactones for Combined Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111905. [PMID: 34834322 PMCID: PMC8625448 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposome-like nanoarchitectures containing manganese ferrite nanoparticles covered or decorated with gold were developed for application in dual cancer therapy, combining chemotherapy and photothermia. The magnetic/plasmonic nanoparticles were characterized using XRD, UV/Visible absorption, HR-TEM, and SQUID, exhibiting superparamagnetic behavior at room temperature. The average size of the gold-decorated nanoparticles was 26.7 nm for MnFe2O4 with 5–7 nm gold nanospheres. The average size of the core/shell nanoparticles was 28.8 nm for the magnetic core and around 4 nm for the gold shell. Two new potential antitumor fluorescent drugs, tricyclic lactones derivatives of thienopyridine, were loaded in these nanosystems with very high encapsulation efficiencies (higher than 98%). Assays in human tumor cell lines demonstrate that the nanocarriers do not release the antitumor compounds in the absence of irradiation. Moreover, the nanosystems do not cause any effect on the growth of primary (non-tumor) cells (with or without irradiation). The drug-loaded systems containing the core/shell magnetic/plasmonic nanoparticles efficiently inhibit the growth of tumor cells when irradiated with red light, making them suitable for a triggered release promoted by irradiation.
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10
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Kapon Y, Saha A, Duanis-Assaf T, Stuyver T, Ziv A, Metzger T, Yochelis S, Shaik S, Naaman R, Reches M, Paltiel Y. Evidence for new enantiospecific interaction force in chiral biomolecules. Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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11
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Bucci R, Maggioni D, Locarno S, Ferretti AM, Gelmi ML, Pellegrino S. Exploiting Ultrashort α,β-Peptides in the Colloidal Stabilization of Gold Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:11365-11373. [PMID: 34533956 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have found wide-ranging applications in nanomedicine due to their unique optical properties, ease of preparation, and functionalization. To avoid the formation of GNP aggregates in the physiological environment, molecules such as lipids, polysaccharides, or polymers are employed as GNP coatings. Here, we present the colloidal stabilization of GNPs using ultrashort α,β-peptides containing the repeating unit of a diaryl β2,3-amino acid and characterized by an extended conformation. Differently functionalized GNPs have been characterized by ultraviolet, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy analysis, allowing us to define the best candidate that inhibits the aggregation of GNPs not only in water but also in mouse serum. In particular, a short tripeptide was found to be able to stabilize GNPs in physiological media over 3 months. This new system has been further capped with albumin, obtaining a material with even more colloidal stability and ability to prevent the formation of a thick protein corona in physiological media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Bucci
- DISFARM-Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione Chimica Generale e Organica "A. Marchesini", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Daniela Maggioni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Locarno
- Dipartimento di Fisica "Aldo Pontremoli", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Ferretti
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche ″Giulio Natta″, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (SCITEC-CNR), Via G. Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Gelmi
- DISFARM-Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione Chimica Generale e Organica "A. Marchesini", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Sara Pellegrino
- DISFARM-Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione Chimica Generale e Organica "A. Marchesini", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
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12
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Ulloa J, Lorusso G, Evangelisti M, Camón A, Barberá J, Serrano JL. Magnetism of Dendrimer-Coated Gold Nanoparticles: A Size and Functionalization Study. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:20482-20487. [PMID: 35774116 PMCID: PMC9236199 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c04213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Highly sensitive magnetometry reveals paramagnetism in dendrimer-coated gold nanoparticles. Different types of such nanoparticles, as a result of (i) functionalizing with two distinct Percec-type dendrons, linked to gold via dodecanethiol groups, and (ii) postsynthesis annealing in a solvent-free environment that further promotes their growth have been prepared. Ultimately, for each of the two functionalization configurations, we obtain highly monodisperse and stable nanoparticles of two different sizes, with spherical shape. These characteristics allow singling out the source of the measured paramagnetic signals as exclusively arising from the undercoordinated gold atoms on the surfaces of the nanoparticles. Bulk gold and the functional groups of the ligands contribute only diamagnetically.
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Affiliation(s)
- José
A. Ulloa
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, 160-C, Calle Edmundo Larenas 129, 4070371 Concepción, Chile
| | - Giulia Lorusso
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC−Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- CNR
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, Unità di Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Evangelisti
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC−Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Agustín Camón
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC−Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Joaquín Barberá
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad
de Zaragoza-CSIC, C/
Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José L. Serrano
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad
de Zaragoza-CSIC, C/
Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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13
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Miyamoto M, Taketsugu T, Iwasa T. A comparative study of structural, electronic, and optical properties of thiolated gold clusters with icosahedral vs face-centered cubic cores. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:094304. [PMID: 34496588 DOI: 10.1063/5.0057566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The structural, electronic, and optical properties of the protected Au clusters with icosahedral (Ih) and face-centered cubic (FCC)-like Au13 cores were studied to understand the origin of the difference in the optical gaps of these clusters. It has been demonstrated that the choice of density functionals does not qualitatively affect the properties of Au23 and Au25 clusters with Ih and FCC cores. The density of states, molecular orbitals, and natural charges were analyzed in detail using the B3LYP functional. The substantial energy difference in the lowest-energy absorption peaks for the clusters with the Ih and FCC cores is attributed to the difference in the natural charges of the central Au atoms (Auc) in the Ih and FCC cores, the former of which is more negative than the latter. Natural population analysis demonstrates that the excess negative charge of the Auc atom in clusters with Ih cores occupies the 6p atomic orbitals. This difference in Auc is attributed to the smaller size of the Ih core compared to the FCC core, as a less bulky ligand allows a smaller core with increased electron density, which, in turn, increases the highest occupied molecular orbital energy and decreases the optical gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maho Miyamoto
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Taketsugu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Takeshi Iwasa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
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14
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Ziv A, Shoseyov O, Karadan P, Bloom BP, Goldring S, Metzger T, Yochelis S, Waldeck DH, Yerushalmi R, Paltiel Y. Chirality Nanosensor with Direct Electric Readout by Coupling of Nanofloret Localized Plasmons with Electronic Transport. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:6496-6503. [PMID: 34297582 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c01539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The detection of enantiopurity for small sample quantities is crucial, particularly in the pharmaceutical industry; however, existing methodologies rely on specific chiral recognition elements, or complex optical systems, limiting its utility. A nanoscale chirality sensor, for continuously monitoring molecular chirality using an electric circuit readout, is presented. This device design represents an alternative real-time scalable approach for chiral recognition of small quantity samples (less than 103 adsorbed molecules). The active device component relies on a gold nanofloret hybrid structure, i.e., a high aspect ratio semiconductor-metal hybrid nanosystem in which a SiGe nanowire tip is selectively decorated with a gold metallic cap. The tip mechanically touches a counter electrode to generate a nanojunction, and upon exposure to molecules, a metal-molecule-metal junction is formed. Adsorption of chiral molecules at the gold tip induces chirality in the localized plasmonic resonance at the electrode-tip junction and manifests in an enantiospecific current response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ziv
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Omer Shoseyov
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Prajith Karadan
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9290401, Israel
| | - Brian P Bloom
- Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Sharone Goldring
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Tzuriel Metzger
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Shira Yochelis
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - David H Waldeck
- Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Roie Yerushalmi
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9290401, Israel
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram Jerusalem, 9190401 Israel
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram Jerusalem, 9190401 Israel
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15
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Farkaš B, de Leeuw NH. Effect of coverage on the magnetic properties of -COOH, -SH, and -NH 2 ligand-protected cobalt nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:11844-11855. [PMID: 34190285 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr01081f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Implementation of magnetic nanoparticles in biomedicine requires their passivation, which often comes at a cost of diminished magnetic properties. For the design of nano-agents with targeted magnetic behaviour, it is important to distinguish between ligands which can improve desired performance, and those that reduce it. Carboxylic acid-, thiol-, and amine-protected cobalt nanoparticles were studied by density functional theory calculations to model the impact of ligand coverage on the magnetic properties. The simulations show that the functional group, arrangement, and coverage density of the ligand coating control both the total magnetic moment and magnetic anisotropy energy of the nanoparticle, as well as the distribution of local spin magnetic moments across the metallic core. Captured effects of ligand binding on the orbital moments of cobalt atoms were insignificant. Out of the three ligand families, only carboxylic acid coatings increased the magnetic moments of cobalt nanoparticles, while amines and thiols quenched them. Calculated anisotropy energies of protected nanoparticles consistently increased with the growing ligand density, reaching the highest values for a 100% coverage of both carboxylic acid and thiol coatings. However, the binding nature of the two functional groups showed opposite impacts on the d-states of interacting cobalt atoms. This study has thus established important principles for the design of biocompatible magnetic nanocomposites, highlighting different routes to achieve desired magnetic behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Farkaš
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
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16
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Farkaš B, Terranova U, de Leeuw NH. The mechanism underlying the functionalisation of cobalt nanoparticles by carboxylic acids: a first-principles computational study. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:4915-4928. [PMID: 34100480 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02928a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The promise of biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles with high magnetic saturation in the implementation as drug carriers and hyperthermia agents has generated significant interest in functionalised cobalt nanoparticles. Carboxylic acid coatings on metallic nanoparticles have been shown as an attractive option owing to their respectable stability and biocompatibility. However, only limited information is available on the molecular mechanism leading to the formation of such protective coatings. In this study, ab initio molecular dynamics simulations have been used to unravel the functionalisation mechanism starting from a neutral cobalt cluster and valeric acid molecules. Three stages were detected in the coating process: (i) rapid initial adsorption of acid molecules, (ii) simultaneous adsorption of new molecules and dissociation of those already interacting with the cluster, and, finally, (iii) grouping of dissociated hydrogen atoms and subsequent desorption of acid molecules. The fate of the hydrogen atoms was probed through a combination of static and dynamic ab initio modelling approaches, which predicted H2 generation with favourable energetics. A better understanding of the functionalisation and interaction mechanisms will aid the rational design of biocompatible cobalt nanoparticles for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Farkaš
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
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17
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Gubin SP, Koksharov YA, Ioni YV. Magnetism of Nanosized “Nonmagnetic” Materials; the Role of Defects (Review). RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023621010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Ahmed S, Carl Cui XY, Ding X, Murmu PP, Bao N, Geng X, Xi S, Liu R, Kennedy J, Wu T, Wang L, Suzuki K, Ding J, Chu X, Clastinrusselraj Indirathankam SR, Peng M, Vinu A, Ringer SP, Yi J. Colossal Magnetization and Giant Coercivity in Ion-Implanted (Nb and Co) MoS 2 Crystals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:58140-58148. [PMID: 33375795 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c18150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Colossal saturation magnetization and giant coercivity are realized in MoS2 single crystals doped with Nb and/or Co using an ion implantation method. Magnetic measurements have demonstrated that codoping with 2 at % Nb and 4 at % Co invoked a "giant" coercivity, as high as 9 kOe at 100 K. Doping solely with 5 at % Nb induces a "colossal" magnetization of 1800 emu/cm3 at 5 K, which is higher than that of metallic Co. The high magnetization is due to the formation of Nb-rich defect complexes, as confirmed by first-principles calculations. It is proposed that the high coercivity is due to the combined effects of strong directional exchange coupling induced by the Nb and Co doping and pinning effects from defects within the layered structure. This high magnetization mechanism is also applicable to 2D materials with bilayers or few layers of thickness, as indicated by first-principles calculations. Hence, this work opens a potential pathway for the development of 2D high-performance magnetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohail Ahmed
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Xiang-Yuan Carl Cui
- Australian Centre for Microscopy & Microanalysis, and School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Xiang Ding
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430063, China
| | - Peter Paul Murmu
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, P.O. Box 31312, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand
| | - Nina Bao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Xun Geng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Shibo Xi
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, A*STAR, 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, 627833, Singapore
| | - Rong Liu
- SIMS Facility, Office of the Deputy-Vice Chancellor (Research and Development), Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, New South Wales 2751, Australia
| | - John Kennedy
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, P.O. Box 31312, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand
| | - Tom Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Lan Wang
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Kiyonori Suzuki
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Xueze Chu
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | | | - Mingli Peng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Simon Peter Ringer
- Australian Centre for Microscopy & Microanalysis, and School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Jiabao Yi
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
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19
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Patra D, Nalluri SR, Tan HR, Saifullah MSM, Ganesan R, Gopalan B. New gold standard: weakly capped infant Au nanoclusters with record high catalytic activity for 4-nitrophenol reduction and hydrogen generation from an ammonia borane-sodium borohydride mixture. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:5384-5395. [PMID: 36132016 PMCID: PMC9417437 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00639d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the surface area-to-volume ratio of materials through size reduction is a desired approach to access maximum possible surface sites in applications such as catalysis. However, increase in the surface energy with the decrease in dimension warrants strong ligands to stabilize nanosystems, which mask the accessibility of the active surface sites. Owing to this, the realization of the true potential of a catalyst's surface remains challenging. Here, we employed a rationally designed strategy to synthesize infant Au nanoclusters-that alleviates the requirement of any separate ligand removal step-to unleash their actual potential to register a record high maximum turn-over frequency (TOFmax) of 72 900 h-1 and 65 500 h-1 in the benchmark catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol and catalytic H2 generation from an ammonia borane-sodium borohydride mixture, respectively. Such a phenomenal catalytic activity has been realized via the synthesis and stabilization of Au nanoclusters using solid citric acid and a super-concentrated aqueous AuCl3 solution, a pathway entirely different from the conventional modifications of the Turkevich and Brust methods. The crux of the synthetic strategy lies in precise control of the water content and thereby ensuring that the final Au nanoclusters remain in the solid state. During the synthesis, citric acid not only acts as a reducing agent to yield 'infant' Au nanoclusters but also provides a barrier matrix to arrest their growth. In solution, its weak capping ability and rapid dissolution allows the reactants to easily access the active sites of Au nanoclusters, thus leading to faster catalysis. Our study reveals that the true potential of metal nanoclusters as catalysts is actually far higher than what has been reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinabandhu Patra
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal Hyderabad-500078 India
| | - Srinivasa Rao Nalluri
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal Hyderabad-500078 India
| | - Hui Ru Tan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology, and Research) 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis Singapore 138634 Singapore
| | - Mohammad S M Saifullah
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology, and Research) 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis Singapore 138634 Singapore
| | - Ramakrishnan Ganesan
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal Hyderabad-500078 India
| | - Balaji Gopalan
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal Hyderabad-500078 India
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20
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Dong P, Fisher EA, Meli MV, Trudel S. Tuning the magnetism of gold nanoparticles by changing the thiol coating. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:19797-19803. [PMID: 32966519 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05674j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Room-temperature ferromagnetic behaviour has been reported in nanoscale materials expected to be diamagnetic, including gold. However, it is yet unclear which factors (size, shape, surface coating) predominantly influence the magnitude of the magnetic response. In this work, we study the magnetic and electronic properties of similarly-sized gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) coated with four different n-alkanethiols, as well as hydroxyl- and carboxyl-functionalized alkanethiols using superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometry and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS). We find room-temperature behaviour (hysteresis in magnetization vs. field strength loops) in all samples, as well as large effective magnetic anisotropy. Importantly, we find the nanoparticles coated with polar chain end-groups (-OH and -COOH) show markedly higher magnetization; this increased magnetization correlates with a higher work function. This work establishes chemical handles to enhance magnetism in nanoscale gold particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Dong
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4.
| | - Elizabeth A Fisher
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, 63 C York Street, Sackville, NB, Canada E4L 1G8.
| | - M-Vicki Meli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, 63 C York Street, Sackville, NB, Canada E4L 1G8.
| | - Simon Trudel
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4.
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21
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Zheng R, Bevacqua GM, Young NR, Allison TC, Tong YJ. Site-Dependent Spin Delocalization and Evidence of Ferrimagnetism in Atomically Precise Au 25(SR) 180 Clusters as Seen by Solution 13C NMR Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:7464-7469. [PMID: 32819099 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c02915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We report a simple but detailed solution 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic study of atomically precise neutral Au25(SR)180 (SR = alkyl thiolate) clusters. The paramagnetic 13C Knight shift of alkyl chain carbons, which is proportional to the local electron spin density, exhibits an electron spin delocalization that exponentially decays along the alkyl chain. The magnitude and decay constant of the observed electron spin delocalization, although largely independent of alkyl chain length, depend on where, that is, "in" versus "out" (vide infra) position, the alkyl chain is bound, in agreement with density functional theory calculations. Notably, the determined position-dependent decay constants, 1.70/Å and 0.41/Å for "in" and "out" ligands, respectively, not only could have important ramifications in molecular spintronics but are also comparable to measured decay constants in molecular electrical conductance of alkyl chains, potentially offering an alternative, simple method for estimating the latter. Moreover, the negative intercept temperatures of linear fits of reciprocal 13C (as well its bound 1H) Knight shift versus temperature strongly suggest the existence of local ferrimagnetism in individual Au25(SR)180 clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongfeng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th & O Streets, NW, Washington, District of Columbia 20057, United States
| | - Gianna M Bevacqua
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th & O Streets, NW, Washington, District of Columbia 20057, United States
| | - Nicholas R Young
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th & O Streets, NW, Washington, District of Columbia 20057, United States
| | - Thomas C Allison
- Chemical Informatics Group, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8320, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8320, United States
| | - YuYe J Tong
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th & O Streets, NW, Washington, District of Columbia 20057, United States
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22
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Etemadi H, Plieger PG. Magnetic Fluid Hyperthermia Based on Magnetic Nanoparticles: Physical Characteristics, Historical Perspective, Clinical Trials, Technological Challenges, and Recent Advances. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Etemadi
- School of Fundamental Sciences Massey University Palmerston North 4474 New Zealand
| | - Paul G. Plieger
- School of Fundamental Sciences Massey University Palmerston North 4474 New Zealand
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23
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Kang X, Li Y, Zhu M, Jin R. Atomically precise alloy nanoclusters: syntheses, structures, and properties. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:6443-6514. [PMID: 32760953 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00633h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metal nanoclusters fill the gap between discrete atoms and plasmonic nanoparticles, providing unique opportunities for investigating the quantum effects and precise structure-property correlations at the atomic level. As a versatile strategy, alloying can largely improve the physicochemical performances compared to the corresponding homo-metal nanoclusters, and thus benefit the applications of such nanomaterials. In this review, we highlight the achievements of atomically precise alloy nanoclusters, and summarize the alloying principles and fundamentals, including the synthetic methods, site-preferences for different heteroatoms in the templates, and alloying-induced structure and property changes. First, based on various Au or Ag nanocluster templates, heteroatom doping modes are presented. The templates with electronic shell-closing configurations tend to maintain their structures during doping, while the others may undergo transformation and give rise to alloy nanoclusters with new structures. Second, alloy nanoclusters of specific magic sizes are reviewed. The arrangement of different atoms is related to the symmetry of the structures; that is, different atoms are symmetrically located in the nanoclusters of smaller sizes, and evolve into shell-by-shell structures at larger sizes. Then, we elaborate on the alloying effects in terms of optical, electrochemical, electroluminescent, magnetic and chiral properties, as well as the stability and reactivity via comparisons between the doped nanoclusters and their homo-metal counterparts. For example, central heteroatom-induced photoluminescence enhancement is emphasized. The applications of alloy nanoclusters in catalysis, chemical sensing, bio-labeling, and other fields are further discussed. Finally, we provide perspectives on existing issues and future efforts. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive synthetic toolbox and controllable doping modes so as to achieve more alloy nanoclusters with customized compositions, structures, and properties for applications. This review is based on publications available up to February 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.
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24
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Bilal M, Rasheed T, Mehmood S, Tang H, Ferreira LFR, Bharagava RN, Iqbal HMN. Mitigation of environmentally-related hazardous pollutants from water matrices using nanostructured materials - A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 253:126770. [PMID: 32464768 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedented rise in population growth and rapid worldwide industrial development are associated with the increasing discharge of a range of toxic and baleful compounds. These toxic pollutants including dyes, endocrine-disrupters, heavy metals, personal care products, and pharmaceuticals are destructing nature's balance and intensifying environmental toxicity at a disquieting rate. Therefore, finding better, novel and more environmentally sound approaches for wastewater remediation are of great importance. Nanoscale materials have opened up some new horizons in various fields of science and technology. Among a range of treatment technologies, nanostructured materials have recently received incredible interest as an emerging platform for wastewater remediation owing to their exceptional surface-area-to-volume ratio, unique electrical and chemical properties, quantum size effects, high scalability, and tunable surface functionalities. An array of nanomaterials including noble metal-based nanostructures, transition metal oxide nanomaterials, carbon-based nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes, and graphene/graphene oxide nanomaterials to their novel nanocomposites and nanoconjugates have been attempted as the promising catalysts to overcome environmental dilemmas. In this review, we summarized recent advances in nanostructured materials that are particularly engineered for the remediation of environmental contaminants. The toxicity of various classes of relevant tailored nanomaterials towards human health and the ecosystem along with perspectives is also presented. In our opinion, an overview of the up-to-date advancements on this emerging topic may provide new ideas and thoughts for engineering low-cost and highly-efficient nanostructured materials for the abatement of recalcitrant pollutants for a sustainable environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China.
| | - Tahir Rasheed
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shahid Mehmood
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Hongzhi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Luiz Fernando Romanholo Ferreira
- Graduate Program in Process Engineering, Tiradentes University, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Farolândia, 49032-490, Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Institute of Technology and Research, Av. Murilo Dantas 300 - Prédio do ITP, Farolândia, 49032-490, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Ram Naresh Bharagava
- Laboratory for Bioremediation and Metagenomics Research, Department of Microbiology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226 025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, NL, CP 64849, Mexico.
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25
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Glutathione-magnetite nanoparticles: synthesis and physical characterization for application as MRI contrast agent. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-3010-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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26
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Almeida AS, Sahu A, Norris DJ, Kakazei GN, Kannan H, Brandt MS, Stutzmann M, Pereira RN. Anisotropic Magnetic Resonance in Random Nanocrystal Quantum Dot Ensembles. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:11333-11341. [PMID: 32478221 PMCID: PMC7254520 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic anisotropy critically determines the utility of magnetic nanocrystals (NCs) in new nanomagnetism technologies. Using angular-dependent electron magnetic resonance (EMR), we observe magnetic anisotropy in isotropically arranged NCs of a nonmagnetic material. We show that the shape of the EMR angular variation can be well described by a simple model that considers magnetic dipole-dipole interactions between dipoles randomly located in the NCs, most likely due to surface dangling bonds. The magnetic anisotropy results from the fact that the energy term arising from the magnetic dipole-dipole interactions between all magnetic moments in the system is dominated by only a few dipole pairs, which always have an anisotropic geometric arrangement. Our work shows that magnetic anisotropy may be a general feature of NC systems containing randomly distributed magnetic dipoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- António
J. S. Almeida
- i3N—Institute
for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication, Department
of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- NanoElectronics
Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7522
NB Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Ayaskanta Sahu
- Optical
Materials Engineering Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, 11201 New York, United States
| | - David J. Norris
- Optical
Materials Engineering Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gleb N. Kakazei
- Departamento
de Física e Astronomia, IFIMUP and IN-Institute of Nanoscience
and Nanotechnology, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Haripriya Kannan
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, 11201 New York, United States
| | - Martin S. Brandt
- Walter
Schottky Institut and Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Martin Stutzmann
- Walter
Schottky Institut and Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Rui N. Pereira
- i3N—Institute
for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication, Department
of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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27
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Ge S, Zhao J, Ma G. Monochromatic Photolysis to Generate Silver Quantum Clusters in Polymer Matrices with Efficiently Antibio Property. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:4088-4097. [PMID: 32227964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Size-control of species via wavelength to selectively synthesize Ag quantum clusters (QCs) was utilized and the synthesis conditions of this system (AgNO3, poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) with light) were optimized by changing a variety of parameters. Silver QCs, stabilized by PMAA with different compositions, have been synthesized in aqueous solution by tuning the irradiation monochromatic light wavelengths (300 or 365 nm) and AgNO3/MAA ratio (1 or 2). The novel preparation procedure has demonstrated a new approach to enlarge the population of the Ag QC family and proved the effectiveness of size control to prepare Ag QCs by tuning the light wavelength. Naked Ag QC species Agn (n = 2-9, 11, and 13) in polymer matrices are fully characterized by mass spectrometer, thus providing finger-printing evidence of their presence. Details regarding the photolysis reaction procedure, Ag QC optical properties, and the origins of fluorescence are discussed. Through a combination of results obtained from mass spectroscopy, fluorescence, and time-dependent density functional theory, we can assign the origin of fluorescence from a small silver cluster of Ag2 in organic scaffolds. The kinetics of the photolysis reaction follows first-order kinetics (k = 0.1/h). After thiolphenol (C6H5SH) ligand functionalization of the generated silver clusters in aqueous solution, the low or high resolution mass spectra showed the constant species composites with a molecular formula AgnLn-1 (n = 2-9 and L = C6H5S). More evidence indicated the formation of polymer-wrapped silver clusters. Their antibio property was explored, and we confirmed that they indeed show efficient activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Ge
- Institute of Carbon Materials Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, Shanxi Province 037009, P.R. China
| | - Jianguo Zhao
- Institute of Carbon Materials Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, Shanxi Province 037009, P.R. China
| | - Guibin Ma
- Institute of Carbon Materials Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, Shanxi Province 037009, P.R. China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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28
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Zech P, Otto A, Radons G. Dynamics of a driven harmonic oscillator coupled to independent Ising spins in random fields. Phys Rev E 2020; 101:042217. [PMID: 32422826 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.101.042217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We aim at an understanding of the dynamical properties of a periodically driven damped harmonic oscillator coupled to a Random Field Ising Model (RFIM) at zero temperature, which is capable of showing complex hysteresis. The system is a combination of a continuous (harmonic oscillator) and a discrete (RFIM) subsystem, which classifies it as a hybrid system. In this paper we focus on the hybrid nature of the system and consider only independent spins in quenched random local fields, which can already lead to complex dynamics such as chaos and multistability. We study the dynamic behavior of this system by using the theory of piecewise-smooth dynamical systems and discontinuity mappings. Specifically, we present bifurcation diagrams and Lyapunov exponents as well as results for the shape and the dimensions of the attractors and the self-averaging behavior of the attractor dimensions and the magnetization. Furthermore we investigate the dynamical behavior of the system for an increasing number of spins and the transition to the thermodynamic limit, where the system behaves like a driven harmonic oscillator with an additional nonlinear smooth external force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Zech
- Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Andreas Otto
- Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Günter Radons
- Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
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29
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Shornikova EV, Golovatenko AA, Yakovlev DR, Rodina AV, Biadala L, Qiang G, Kuntzmann A, Nasilowski M, Dubertret B, Polovitsyn A, Moreels I, Bayer M. Surface spin magnetism controls the polarized exciton emission from CdSe nanoplatelets. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 15:277-282. [PMID: 31988504 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-019-0631-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The surface of nominally diamagnetic colloidal CdSe nanoplatelets can demonstrate paramagnetic behaviour owing to the uncompensated spins of dangling bonds, as we reveal here by optical spectroscopy in high magnetic fields up to 15 T using the exciton spin as a probe of the surface magnetism. The strongly nonlinear magnetic field dependence of the circular polarization of the exciton emission is determined by the magnetization of the dangling-bond spins (DBSs), the exciton spin polarization as well as the spin-dependent recombination of dark excitons. The sign of the exciton-DBS exchange interaction depends on the nanoplatelet growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V Shornikova
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany.
| | | | - Dmitri R Yakovlev
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany.
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Anna V Rodina
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Louis Biadala
- Institut d'Electronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, CNRS, Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France
| | - Gang Qiang
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Alexis Kuntzmann
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Michel Nasilowski
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Dubertret
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Anatolii Polovitsyn
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Iwan Moreels
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Manfred Bayer
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
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30
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Mokkath JH. Size and chemical order dependence of magnetic-ordering temperature and spin structure in Fe@Ni and Ni@Fe core-shell nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:6275-6281. [PMID: 32129368 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06905d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The effect of particle size and chemical order on the temperature-dependent magnetic properties of Fe@Ni and Ni@Fe core-shell nanoparticles is studied in the framework of a classical spin Hamiltonian and Monte Carlo simulations. We found that the mean temperature-dependent magnetization and magnetic-ordering temperature are strongly affected by both the particle size (in size range of 4 to 16 nm) and core-shell chemical order. As a main result, we report the depression of the magnetic ordering-temperature with decreasing size of the elemental Fe and Ni nanoparticles. More specifically, in the case of Fe and Ni nanoparticles, the magnetic-ordering temperature is lowered by 40 (195 K) to 300 (175 K) compared to the bulk value for nanoparticle diameters ranging from 16 to 4 nm, respectively, consistent with previous theoretical data. We further provide a comprehensive insight into the magnetic properties of Fe@Ni and Ni@Fe nanoparticles, unveiling a rich and distinct magnetic-ordering temperature and spin structure that emphatically depends on the core/shell ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junais Habeeb Mokkath
- Quantum Nanophotonics Simulations Lab, Department of Physics, Kuwait College of Science And Technology, 7th Ring Road, P.O. Box 27235, Kuwait
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31
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Yan G, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Li J, Carlos C, German LN, Zhang C, Wang J, Voyles PM, Wang X. Enhanced Ferromagnetism from Organic-Cerium Oxide Hybrid Ultrathin Nanosheets. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:44601-44608. [PMID: 31686493 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b15841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Room-temperature ferromagnetism in two-dimensional (2D) oxide materials is an intriguing phenomenon for spintronic applications. Here, we report significantly enhanced room-temperature ferromagnetism observed from ultrathin cerium oxide nanosheets hybridized with organic surfactant molecules. The hybrid nanosheets were synthesized by ionic layer epitaxy over a large area at the water-air interface. The nanosheets exhibited a saturation magnetization of 0.149 emu/g as their thickness reduced to 0.67 nm. This value was 5 times higher than that for CeO2 thin films and more than 20 times higher than that for CeO2 nanoparticles. The magnetization was attributed to the high concentration (15.5%) of oxygen vacancies stabilized by surfactant hybridization as well as electron transfer between organic and oxide layers. This work brings an effective strategy of introducing strong ferromagnetism to functional oxide materials, which leads to a promising route toward exploring new physical properties in 2D hybrid nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyuan Yan
- Department of Material Sciences and Engineering , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
- Key Laboratory of Solidification Control and Digital Preparation Technology (Liaoning Province), School of Materials Science and Engineering , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , P. R. China
| | - Yizhan Wang
- Department of Material Sciences and Engineering , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Ziyi Zhang
- Department of Material Sciences and Engineering , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Material Sciences and Engineering , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Corey Carlos
- Department of Material Sciences and Engineering , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Lazarus N German
- Department of Material Sciences and Engineering , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Chenyu Zhang
- Department of Material Sciences and Engineering , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Jingyu Wang
- Department of Material Sciences and Engineering , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Paul M Voyles
- Department of Material Sciences and Engineering , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department of Material Sciences and Engineering , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
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32
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Ding X, Cui X, Xiao C, Luo X, Bao N, Rusydi A, Yu X, Lu Z, Du Y, Guan X, Tseng LT, Lee WT, Ahmed S, Zheng R, Liu T, Wu T, Ding J, Suzuki K, Lauter V, Vinu A, Ringer SP, Yi JB. Confinement-Induced Giant Spin-Orbit-Coupled Magnetic Moment of Co Nanoclusters in TiO 2 Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:43781-43788. [PMID: 31660716 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b15823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High magnetization materials are in great demand for the fabrication of advanced multifunctional magnetic devices. Notwithstanding this demand, the development of new materials with these attributes has been relatively slow. In this work, we propose a new strategy to achieve high magnetic moments above room temperature. Our material engineering approach invoked the embedding of magnetic nanoclusters in an oxide matrix. By precisely controlling pulsed laser deposition parameters, Co nanoclusters are formed in a 5 at % Co-TiO2 film. The presence of these nanoclusters was confirmed using transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption fine structure. The film exhibits a very high saturation magnetization of 99 emu/cm3. Detailed studies using X-ray magnetic circular dichroism confirm that Co has an enhanced magnetic moment of 3.5 μB/atom, while the Ti and O also contribute to the magnetic moments. First-principles calculations supported our hypothesis that the metallic Co nanoclusters surrounded by a TiO2 matrix can exhibit both large spin and orbital moments. Moreover, a quantum confinement effect results in a high Curie temperature for the embedded Co nanoclusters. These findings reveal that 1-2 nm nanoclusters that are quantum confined can exhibit very large magnetic moments above room temperature, representing a promising advance for the design of new high magnetization materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ding
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , UNSW Sydney , Kensington , NSW 2052 , Australia
| | | | - Chi Xiao
- Department of Physics and Singapore Synchrotron Light Source , National University of Singapore , 119077 Singapore
| | - Xi Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , UNSW Sydney , Kensington , NSW 2052 , Australia
| | | | - Andrivo Rusydi
- Department of Physics and Singapore Synchrotron Light Source , National University of Singapore , 119077 Singapore
| | | | | | - Yonghua Du
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Science , Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) , 1 Pesek Road , Jurong Island, 627833 Singapore
| | - Xinwei Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , UNSW Sydney , Kensington , NSW 2052 , Australia
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division , King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Li-Ting Tseng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , UNSW Sydney , Kensington , NSW 2052 , Australia
| | - Wai Tung Lee
- Bragg Institute , ANSTO , New Illawarra Road , Lucas Heights, Sydney , NSW 2234 , Australia
| | - Sohail Ahmed
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , UNSW Sydney , Kensington , NSW 2052 , Australia
| | | | - Tao Liu
- Karls Tech GmbH , Fischreiher Strasse 3 , Karlsruhe 76187 , Germany
| | - Tom Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , UNSW Sydney , Kensington , NSW 2052 , Australia
| | | | - Kiyonori Suzuki
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Monash University , Melbourne , Victoria 3800 , Australia
| | - Valeria Lauter
- Neutron Scattering Division, Neutron Sciences Directorate , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering , University of Newcastle , Callaghan , NSW 2308 , Australia
| | | | - Jia Bao Yi
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering , University of Newcastle , Callaghan , NSW 2308 , Australia
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33
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Ziv A, Saha A, Alpern H, Sukenik N, Baczewski LT, Yochelis S, Reches M, Paltiel Y. AFM-Based Spin-Exchange Microscopy Using Chiral Molecules. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1904206. [PMID: 31423697 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Local magnetic imaging at nanoscale resolution is desirable for basic studies of magnetic materials and for magnetic logic and memories. However, such local imaging is hard to achieve by means of standard magnetic force microscopy. Other techniques require low temperatures, high vacuum, or strict limitations on the sample conditions. A simple and robust method is presented for locally resolved magnetic imaging based on short-range spin-exchange interactions that can be scaled down to atomic resolution. The presented method requires a conventional AFM tip functionalized with a chiral molecule. In proximity to the measured magnetic sample, charge redistribution in the chiral molecule leads to a transient spin state, caused by the chiral-induced spin-selectivity effect, followed by the exchange interaction with the imaged sample. While magnetic force microscopy imaging strongly depends on a large working distance, an accurate image is achieved using the molecular tip in proximity to the sample. The chiral molecules' spin-exchange interaction is found to be 150 meV. Using the tip with the adsorbed chiral molecules, two oppositely magnetized samples are characterized, and a magnetic imaging is performed. This method is simple to perform at room temperature and does not require high-vacuum conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ziv
- Applied Physics Department, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Abhijit Saha
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Hen Alpern
- Applied Physics Department, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Nir Sukenik
- Applied Physics Department, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Lech Tomasz Baczewski
- Magnetic Heterostructures Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Shira Yochelis
- Applied Physics Department, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Meital Reches
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Applied Physics Department, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
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34
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Abstract
Magnetic materials are usually classified into a distinct category such as diamagnets, paramagnets or ferromagnets. The enormous progress in materials science allows one nowadays, however, to change the magnetic nature of an element in a material. Gold, in bulk form, is traditionally a diamagnet. But in a ferromagnetic environment, it can adopt an induced ferromagnetic moment. Moreover, the growth of gold under certain conditions may lead to a spontaneous ferromagnetic or paramagnetic response. Here, we report on paramagnetic gold in a highly disordered Au-Ni-O alloy and focus on the unusual magnetic response. Such materials are mainly considered for plasmonic applications. Thin films containing Au, Ni and NiO are fabricated by co-deposition of Ni and Au in a medium vacuum of 2 × 10-2 mbar. As a result, Au is in a fully disordered state forming in some cases isolated nanocrystallites of up to 4 nm in diameter as revealed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The disorder and the environment, which is rich in oxygen, lead to remarkable magnetic properties of Au: an induced ferromagnetic and a paramagnetic state. This can be proven by measuring the x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. Our experiments show a way to establish and monitor Au paramagnetism in alloys.
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35
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Rusimova KR, Slavov D, Pradaux-Caggiano F, Collins JT, Gordeev SN, Carbery DR, Wadsworth WJ, Mosley PJ, Valev VK. Atomic dispensers for thermoplasmonic control of alkali vapor pressure in quantum optical applications. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2328. [PMID: 31127090 PMCID: PMC6534619 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10158-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkali metal vapors enable access to single electron systems, suitable for demonstrating fundamental light-matter interactions and promising for quantum logic operations, storage and sensing. However, progress is hampered by the need for robust and repeatable control over the atomic vapor density and over the associated optical depth. Until now, a moderate improvement of the optical depth was attainable through bulk heating or laser desorption – both time-consuming techniques. Here, we use plasmonic nanoparticles to convert light into localized thermal energy and to achieve optical depths in warm vapors, corresponding to a ~16 times increase in vapor pressure in less than 20 ms, with possible reload times much shorter than an hour. Our results enable robust and compact light-matter devices, such as efficient quantum memories and photon-photon logic gates, in which strong optical nonlinearities are crucial. Robust and fast control of the atomic vapor pressure in alkali vapor cells would greatly extend their use for many quantum technologies. Here, the authors exploit plasmonic absorption in a cell coating containing gold nanoparticles to control the vapor pressure with milliseconds response time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina R Rusimova
- Centre for Photonics and Photonic Materials, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.,Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Dimitar Slavov
- Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, 1784, Bulgaria
| | - Fabienne Pradaux-Caggiano
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.,Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Joel T Collins
- Centre for Photonics and Photonic Materials, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Sergey N Gordeev
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - David R Carbery
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.,Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - William J Wadsworth
- Centre for Photonics and Photonic Materials, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Peter J Mosley
- Centre for Photonics and Photonic Materials, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Ventsislav K Valev
- Centre for Photonics and Photonic Materials, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK. .,Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
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36
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37
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Tie M, Gravelsins S, Niewczas M, Dhirani AA. Large Kondo effect in assemblies of Au nanoparticles linked with alkanedithiol electron bridges. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:5395-5401. [PMID: 30849159 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr09280j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Using a prototypical nanoparticle-molecule assembly, namely alkanedithiol-linked gold nanoparticle films, we observe hallmark signatures of the Kondo effect in conductance vs. voltage as well as temperature measurements. Its contribution to temperature dependence of conductance is much larger than those from all other temperature-dependant effects up to 300 K by >20-fold - much larger than previous reports of the Kondo effect using other platforms. We find that previous models of the Kondo effect describe our data even in this regime. Given the synthetic control available over nanoparticle properties such as surface area, shape, and chemical composition, our work points to combining flexibility afforded by molecule + nanoparticle assemblies as a powerful way to generate materials exhibiting strong spin-electron interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Tie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, CanadaM5S 3H6.
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38
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Mitcov D, Pedersen AH, Ceccato M, Gelardi RM, Hassenkam T, Konstantatos A, Reinholdt A, Sørensen MA, Thulstrup PW, Vinum MG, Wilhelm F, Rogalev A, Wernsdorfer W, Brechin EK, Piligkos S. Molecular multifunctionality preservation upon surface deposition for a chiral single-molecule magnet. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3065-3073. [PMID: 30996888 PMCID: PMC6428142 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc04917c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simultaneous retention of SMM behaviour and of optical activity is demonstrated upon surface deposition for a chiral SMM.
The synthesis and characterization of a chiral, enneanuclear Mn(iii)-based, Single-Molecule Magnet, [Mn9O4(Me-sao)6(L)3(MeO)3(MeOH)3]Cl (1; Me-saoH2 = methylsalicylaldoxime, HL = lipoic acid) is reported. Compound 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic P212121 space group and consists of a metallic skeleton describing a defect super-tetrahedron missing one vertex. The chirality of the [MnIII9] core originates from the directional bridging of the Me-sao2– ligands via the –N–O– oximate moieties, which define a clockwise (1ΔΔ) or counter-clockwise (1ΛΛ) rotation in both the upper [MnIII3] and lower [MnIII6] subunits. Structural integrity and retention of chirality upon dissolution and upon deposition on (a) gold nanoparticles, 1@AuNPs, (b) transparent Au(111) surfaces, 1ΛΛ@t-Au(111); 1ΔΔ@t-Au(111), and (c) epitaxial Au(111) on mica surfaces, 1@e-Au(111), was confirmed by CD and IR spectroscopies, mass spectrometry, TEM, XPS, XAS, and AFM. Magnetic susceptibility and magnetization measurements demonstrate the simultaneous retention of SMM behaviour and optical activity, from the solid state, via dissolution, to the surface deposited species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Mitcov
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 , Copenhagen , Denmark .
| | - Anders H Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 , Copenhagen , Denmark .
| | - Marcel Ceccato
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 , Copenhagen , Denmark .
| | - Rikke M Gelardi
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 , Copenhagen , Denmark .
| | - Tue Hassenkam
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 , Copenhagen , Denmark .
| | - Andreas Konstantatos
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 , Copenhagen , Denmark .
| | - Anders Reinholdt
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 , Copenhagen , Denmark .
| | - Mikkel A Sørensen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 , Copenhagen , Denmark .
| | - Peter W Thulstrup
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 , Copenhagen , Denmark .
| | - Morten G Vinum
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 , Copenhagen , Denmark .
| | - Fabrice Wilhelm
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron , CS 40220 , 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9 , France
| | - Andrei Rogalev
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron , CS 40220 , 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9 , France
| | - Wolfgang Wernsdorfer
- Institute Néel , CNRS , BP 166 , 25 Avenue de Martyrs , Grenoble , 38042 Cedex 9 , France
| | - Euan K Brechin
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry , The University of Edinburgh , David Brewster Road , Edinburgh , EH9 3FJ , UK
| | - Stergios Piligkos
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 , Copenhagen , Denmark .
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39
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Herbert PJ, Window P, Ackerson CJ, Knappenberger KL. Low-Temperature Magnetism in Nanoscale Gold Revealed through Variable-Temperature Magnetic Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:189-193. [PMID: 30582816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b03473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The low-temperature (0.35-4.2 K) steady-state electronic absorption of the monolayer-protected cluster (MPC) Au102( pMBA)44 was studied using magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopy to investigate previously reported low-temperature (<50 K) magnetism in d10 nanogold systems. Variable-temperature variable-field analysis of resolvable MCD extinction components revealed two distinct magnetic anisotropic behaviors. A low-energy, diamagnetic component was correlated to excitation from states localized to the passivating ligands. A high-energy, paramagnetic component was attributed to excitation from the d-band of the Au core. The temperature dependence of the magnetic anisotropy for each component is discussed in terms of previously reported structural parameters of the atomically precise Au102( pMBA)44 MPC. It is concluded that temperature-sensitive structure-dependent Au d-d orbital interactions result in the promotion of 5d-band electrons to the 6sp-band via orbital rehybridization, inducing a 15× increase in the Landé g-factor over the temperature range spanning from 0.35 to 4.2 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Herbert
- Department of Chemistry , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States
| | - Phillip Window
- Department of Chemistry , Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado 80523 , United States
| | - Christopher J Ackerson
- Department of Chemistry , Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado 80523 , United States
| | - Kenneth L Knappenberger
- Department of Chemistry , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States
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40
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Koplovitz G, Leitus G, Ghosh S, Bloom BP, Yochelis S, Rotem D, Vischio F, Striccoli M, Fanizza E, Naaman R, Waldeck DH, Porath D, Paltiel Y. Single Domain 10 nm Ferromagnetism Imprinted on Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles Using Chiral Molecules. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1804557. [PMID: 30462882 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201804557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The rapid growth in demand for data and the emerging applications of Big Data require the increase of memory capacity. Magnetic memory devices are among the leading technologies for meeting this demand; however, they rely on the use of ferromagnets that creates size reduction limitations and poses complex materials requirements. Usually magnetic memory sizes are limited to 30-50 nm. Reducing the size even further, to the ≈10-20 nm scale, destabilizes the magnetization and its magnetic orientation becomes susceptible to thermal fluctuations and stray magnetic fields. In the present work, it is shown that 10 nm single domain ferromagnetism can be achieved. Using asymmetric adsorption of chiral molecules, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles become ferromagnetic with an average coercive field of ≈80 Oe. The asymmetric adsorption of molecules stabilizes the magnetization direction at room temperature and the orientation is found to depend on the handedness of the chiral molecules. These studies point to a novel method for the miniaturization of ferromagnets (down to ≈10 nm) using established synthetic protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Koplovitz
- Department of Applied Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
- Institute of Chemistry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Gregory Leitus
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Supriya Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Brian P Bloom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Shira Yochelis
- Department of Applied Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Dvir Rotem
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
- Institute of Chemistry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Fabio Vischio
- Institute for Chemical and Physical Processes (IPCF) - National Council of Researches CNR, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Marinella Striccoli
- Institute for Chemical and Physical Processes (IPCF) - National Council of Researches CNR, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Fanizza
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - David H Waldeck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Danny Porath
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
- Institute of Chemistry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Department of Applied Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
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41
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Abstract
Intriguing ferromagnetic behaviour has been reported in gold thin films — a diamagnetic material in the bulk — wherein large magnetic moments and uncommon anisotropy are often hallmark features. The tuning of the electronic and magnetic properties by the presence of molecular self-assembled monolayers has been proposed. In this work, we present the study of the magnetism of a wide collection of alkanethiols of differing chain lengths coated on Au. We find no or only very weak magnetism, casting doubt on the universality and reproducibility of this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Dong
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Simon Trudel
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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42
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Al-Bustami H, Koplovitz G, Primc D, Yochelis S, Capua E, Porath D, Naaman R, Paltiel Y. Single Nanoparticle Magnetic Spin Memristor. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1801249. [PMID: 29952065 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201801249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing demand for the development of a simple Si-based universal memory device at the nanoscale that operates at high frequencies. Spin-electronics (spintronics) can, in principle, increase the efficiency of devices and allow them to operate at high frequencies. A primary challenge for reducing the dimensions of spintronic devices is the requirement for high spin currents. To overcome this problem, a new approach is presented that uses helical chiral molecules exhibiting spin-selective electron transport, which is called the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect. Using the CISS effect, the active memory device is miniaturized for the first time from the micrometer scale to 30 nm in size, and this device presents memristor-like nonlinear logic operation at low voltages under ambient conditions and room temperature. A single nanoparticle, along with Au contacts and chiral molecules, is sufficient to function as a memory device. A single ferromagnetic nanoplatelet is used as a fixed hard magnet combined with Au contacts in which the gold contacts act as soft magnets due to the adsorbed chiral molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hammam Al-Bustami
- Applied Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J Safra Campus, Jerusalem, 919041, Israel
| | - Guy Koplovitz
- Applied Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J Safra Campus, Jerusalem, 919041, Israel
| | - Darinka Primc
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Tan Hall 373A, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Laboratory for Multifunctional Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Shira Yochelis
- Applied Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J Safra Campus, Jerusalem, 919041, Israel
| | - Eyal Capua
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Danny Porath
- Institute of Chemistry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Applied Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J Safra Campus, Jerusalem, 919041, Israel
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43
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Kang X, Chong H, Zhu M. Au 25(SR) 18: the captain of the great nanocluster ship. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:10758-10834. [PMID: 29873658 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02973c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Noble metal nanoclusters are in the intermediate state between discrete atoms and plasmonic nanoparticles and are of significance due to their atomically accurate structures, intriguing properties, and great potential for applications in various fields. In addition, the size-dependent properties of nanoclusters construct a platform for thoroughly researching the structure (composition)-property correlations, which is favorable for obtaining novel nanomaterials with enhanced physicochemical properties. Thus far, more than 100 species of nanoclusters (mono-metallic Au or Ag nanoclusters, and bi- or tri-metallic alloy nanoclusters) with crystal structures have been reported. Among these nanoclusters, Au25(SR)18-the brightest molecular star in the nanocluster field-is capable of revealing the past developments and prospecting the future of the nanoclusters. Since being successfully synthesized (in 1998, with a 20-year history) and structurally determined (in 2008, with a 10-year history), Au25(SR)18 has stimulated the interest of chemists as well as material scientists, due to the early discovery, easy preparation, high stability, and easy functionalization and application of this molecular star. In this review, the preparation methods, crystal structures, physicochemical properties, and practical applications of Au25(SR)18 are summarized. The properties of Au25(SR)18 range from optics and chirality to magnetism and electrochemistry, and the property-oriented applications include catalysis, chemical imaging, sensing, biological labeling, biomedicine and beyond. Furthermore, the research progress on the Ag-based M25(SR)18 counterpart (i.e., Ag25(SR)18) is included in this review due to its homologous composition, construction and optical absorption to its gold-counterpart Au25(SR)18. Moreover, the alloying methods, metal-exchange sites and property alternations based on the templated Au25(SR)18 are highlighted. Finally, some perspectives and challenges for the future research of the Au25(SR)18 nanocluster are proposed (also holding true for all members in the nanocluster field). This review is directed toward the broader scientific community interested in the metal nanocluster field, and hopefully opens up new horizons for scientists studying nanomaterials. This review is based on the publications available up to March 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology and AnHui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China.
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44
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Zhai J, Jia Y, Zhao L, Yuan Q, Gao F, Zhang X, Cai P, Gao L, Guo J, Yi S, Chai Z, Zhao Y, Gao X. Turning On/Off the Anti-Tumor Effect of the Au Cluster via Atomically Controlling Its Molecular Size. ACS NANO 2018; 12:4378-4386. [PMID: 29667812 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We reported two Au clusters with precisely controlled molecular size (Au5Peptide3 and Au22Peptide10) showing different antitumor effects. In vitro, both Au5Peptide3 and Au22Peptide10 were well taken up by human nasopharyngeal cancer cells (CNE1 cells). However, only Au5Peptide3 significantly induced CNE1 cell apoptosis. Further studies showed that CNE1 cells took up Au5Peptide3 (1.98 × 10-15 mol/cell), and 9% of them entered mitochondria (0.186 × 10-15 mol/cell). As a comparison, the uptake of Au22Peptide10 was only half the amount of Au5Peptide3 (1.11 × 10-15 mol/cell), and only 1% of them entered mitochondria (0.016 × 10-15 mol/cell). That gave 11.6-fold more Au5Peptide3 in mitochondria of CNE1 cells than Au22Peptide10. Further cell studies revealed that the antitumor effect may be due to the enrichment of Au5Peptide3 in mitochondria. Au5Peptide3 slightly decreased the Mcl-1 (antiapoptotic protein of mitochondria) and significantly increased the Puma (pro-apoptotic protein of mitochondria) expression level in CNE1 cells, which resulted in mitochondrial transmembrane potential change and triggered the caspase 9-caspase 3-PARP pathway to induce CNE1 cell apoptosis. In vivo, CNE1 tumor growth was significantly suppressed by Au5Peptide3 in the xenograft model after 3 weeks of intraperitoneal injection. The TUNEL and immuno-histochemical studies of tumor tissue verified that CNE1 cell apoptosis was mainly via the Puma and Mcl-1 apoptosis pathway in the xenograft model, which matched the aforementioned CNE1 cell studies in vitro. The discovery of Au5 but not Au22 suppressing tumor growth via the mitochondria target was a breakthrough in the nanomedical field, as this provided a robust approach to turn on/off the nanoparticles' medical properties via atomically controlling their sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed Signal VLSI , University of Macau , Macao , SAR, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yanwei Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed Signal VLSI , University of Macau , Macao , SAR, China
| | - Lina Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Fuping Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Xiangchun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Pengju Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Liang Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , China
| | - Juanjuan Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Shuhong Yi
- Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510000 , China
| | - Zhifang Chai
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Xueyun Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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45
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Tassinari F, Jayarathna DR, Kantor-Uriel N, Davis KL, Varade V, Achim C, Naaman R. Chirality Dependent Charge Transfer Rate in Oligopeptides. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1706423. [PMID: 29611223 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201706423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
It is shown that "spontaneous magnetization" occurs when chiral oligopeptides are attached to ferrocene and are self-assembled on a gold substrate. As a result, the electron transfer, measured by electrochemistry, shows asymmetry in the reduction and oxidation rate constants; this asymmetry is reversed between the two enantiomers. The results can be explained by the chiral induced spin selectivity of the electron transfer. The measured magnetization shows high anisotropy and the "easy axis" of magnetization is along the molecular axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Tassinari
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | | | - Nirit Kantor-Uriel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Kathryn L Davis
- Department of Chemistry, Manchester University, North Manchester, IN, 46962, USA
| | - Vaibhav Varade
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Catalina Achim
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
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46
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Wang L, Li Q. Photochromism into nanosystems: towards lighting up the future nanoworld. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:1044-1097. [PMID: 29251304 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00630f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 326] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ability to manipulate the structure and function of promising nanosystems via energy input and external stimuli is emerging as an attractive paradigm for developing reconfigurable and programmable nanomaterials and multifunctional devices. Light stimulus manifestly represents a preferred external physical and chemical tool for in situ remote command of the functional attributes of nanomaterials and nanosystems due to its unique advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution and digital controllability. Photochromic moieties are known to undergo reversible photochemical transformations between different states with distinct properties, which have been extensively introduced into various functional nanosystems such as nanomachines, nanoparticles, nanoelectronics, supramolecular nanoassemblies, and biological nanosystems. The integration of photochromism into these nanosystems has endowed the resultant nanostructures or advanced materials with intriguing photoresponsive behaviors and more sophisticated functions. In this Review, we provide an account of the recent advancements in reversible photocontrol of the structures and functions of photochromic nanosystems and their applications. The important design concepts of such truly advanced materials are discussed, their fabrication methods are emphasized, and their applications are highlighted. The Review is concluded by briefly outlining the challenges that need to be addressed and the opportunities that can be tapped into. We hope that the review of the flourishing and vibrant topic with myriad possibilities would shine light on exploring the future nanoworld by encouraging and opening the windows to meaningful multidisciplinary cooperation of engineers from different backgrounds and scientists from the fields such as chemistry, physics, engineering, biology, nanotechnology and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA.
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47
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Suda M. A New Photo-Control Method for Organic–Inorganic Interface Dipoles and Its Application to Photo-Controllable Molecular Devices. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20170283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Suda
- Institute for Molecular Science, 38, Nishigo-naka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585
- RIKEN, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
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48
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Ullah AKA, Kabir MF, Akter M, Tamanna AN, Hossain A, Tareq ARM, Khan MNI, Kibria AKMF, Kurasaki M, Rahman MM. Green synthesis of bio-molecule encapsulated magnetic silver nanoparticles and their antibacterial activity. RSC Adv 2018; 8:37176-37183. [PMID: 35557822 PMCID: PMC9088908 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06908e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Persuaded by the necessity of finding new sources of antibiotics, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were synthesized by adopting a newly developed green synthesis technique and subsequently, their antibacterial activity against different pathogenic bacteria was evaluated. We have successfully synthesized bio-molecule capped ferromagnetic Ag NPs with an average crystallite size of 13 nm using AgNO3 solution as a precursor and Artocarpus heterophyllus leaf extract as a reducing and capping agent. The characterization of the synthesized Ag NPs was carried out using various techniques such as UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetry (TG), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analyses. After exposing the synthesized Ag NPs to two Gram-positive bacteria – Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus and two Gram-negative bacteria – Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium, the zones of inhibition were found to be 15, 16, 19, and 18 mm, respectively. These results imply that the Artocarpus heterophyllus leaf extract mediated green synthesized bio-molecules encapsulated Ag NPs can be considered as a potential antibiotic against human pathogens which is very encouraging. Persuaded by the necessity of finding new sources of antibiotics, Ag NPs were synthesized by adopting a newly developed green synthesis technique and subsequently, their antibacterial activity against different pathogenic bacteria was evaluated.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- A. K. M. Atique Ullah
- Nanoscience and Technology Research Laboratory
- Atomic Energy Centre
- Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission
- Dhaka 1000
- Bangladesh
| | - M. F. Kabir
- Department of Physics
- University of Dhaka
- Dhaka 1000
- Bangladesh
| | - M. Akter
- Graduate School of Environmental Science
- Hokkaido University
- 060-0810 Sapporo
- Japan
| | - A. N. Tamanna
- Department of Physics
- University of Dhaka
- Dhaka 1000
- Bangladesh
| | - A. Hossain
- Department of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
- Ural Federal University
- 620000 Yekaterinburg
- Russia
| | - A. R. M. Tareq
- Nanoscience and Technology Research Laboratory
- Atomic Energy Centre
- Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission
- Dhaka 1000
- Bangladesh
| | - M. N. I. Khan
- Nanoscience and Technology Research Laboratory
- Atomic Energy Centre
- Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission
- Dhaka 1000
- Bangladesh
| | - A. K. M. Fazle Kibria
- Nanoscience and Technology Research Laboratory
- Atomic Energy Centre
- Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission
- Dhaka 1000
- Bangladesh
| | - Masaaki Kurasaki
- Graduate School of Environmental Science
- Hokkaido University
- 060-0810 Sapporo
- Japan
| | - M. M. Rahman
- Department of Physics
- University of Dhaka
- Dhaka 1000
- Bangladesh
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49
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Fernández-Ponce C, Muñoz-Miranda JP, de los Santos DM, Aguado E, García-Cozar F, Litrán R. Influence of size and surface capping on photoluminescence and cytotoxicity of gold nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH : AN INTERDISCIPLINARY FORUM FOR NANOSCALE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2018; 20:305. [PMID: 30524191 PMCID: PMC6244783 DOI: 10.1007/s11051-018-4406-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophilic and homogeneous sub-10 nm blue light-emitting gold nanoparticles (NPs) functionalized with different capping agents have been prepared by simple chemical routes. Structure, average, size, and surface characteristics of these NPs have been widely studied, and the stability of colloidal NP solutions at different pH values has been evaluated. Au NPs show blue PL emission, particularly in the GSH capped NPs, in which the thiol-metal core transference transitions considerably enhance the fluorescent emission. The influence of capping agent and NP size on cytotoxicity and on the fluorescent emission are analyzed and discussed in order to obtain Au NPs with suitable features for biomedical applications. Cytotoxicity of different types of gold NPs has been determined using NPs at high concentrations in both tumor cell lines and primary cells. All NPs used show high biocompatibility with low cytotoxicity even at high concentration, while Au-GSH NPs decrease viability and proliferation of both a tumor cell line and primary lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Fernández-Ponce
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research Cádiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Juan P. Muñoz-Miranda
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research Cádiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Desiré M. de los Santos
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Instituto de Microscopía Electronica y Materiales (IMEYMAT), University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Puerto Real Spain
| | - Enrique Aguado
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research Cádiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Francisco García-Cozar
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research Cádiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Rocío Litrán
- Institute of Biomedical Research Cádiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Instituto de Microscopía Electronica y Materiales (IMEYMAT), University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Puerto Real Spain
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50
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Roduner E. Superatom chemistry: promising properties of near-spherical noble metal clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:23812-23826. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04651d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Atomic angular moments are nearly quenched in bonded structures, but superatoms in cylindrical environments develop molecular orbital moments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Roduner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
- University of Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
- Department of Chemistry
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