1
|
Keum H, Kim J, Zhang Z, Graf E, Albadawi H, Oklu R. Biocompatible Liquid Embolic for the Treatment of Microvascular Hemorrhage. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2403615. [PMID: 39049735 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Persistent or recurrent bleeding from microvessels inaccessible for direct endovascular intervention is a major problem in medicine today. Here, an innovative catheter-directed liquid embolic (P-LE) is bioengineered for rapid microvessel embolization to treat small vessel hemorrhage. Tested in rodent, porcine, and canine animal models under normal and coagulopathic conditions, P-LE outperformed clinically used embolic materials in both survival and non-survival experiments, effectively occluding vessels as small as 40 microns with no signs of recanalization. P-LE occlusion is independent of the coagulation cascade, and its resistance to displacement is ≈ 8 times greater than systolic blood pressure. P-LE is also found to be biocompatible and x-ray visible and does not require polymerization or a chemical reaction to embolize. To simulate the clinical scenario, acute microvascular hemorrhage is created in the pig kidney, liver, or stomach; these are successfully treated with P-LE achieving immediate hemostasis. Furthermore, P-LE is found to be bactericidal to highly resistant patient-derived bacteria, suggesting that P-LE may also protect against infectious complications that may occur following embolization procedures. P-LE is safe, easy to use, and effective in treating -microvessel hemorrhage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongseop Keum
- The Laboratory for Patient-Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Jinjoo Kim
- The Laboratory for Patient-Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Zefu Zhang
- The Laboratory for Patient-Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Erin Graf
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ, 85054, USA
| | - Hassan Albadawi
- The Laboratory for Patient-Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
- Division of Vascular & Interventional Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ, 85054, USA
| | - Rahmi Oklu
- The Laboratory for Patient-Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
- Division of Vascular & Interventional Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ, 85054, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wan Z, Zhang S, Zhong AX, Xu L, Coughlin MF, Pavlou G, Shelton SE, Nguyen HT, Hirose S, Kim S, Floryan MA, Barbie DA, Hodi FS, Kamm RD. Transmural Flow Upregulates PD-L1 Expression in Microvascular Networks. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2400921. [PMID: 38696611 PMCID: PMC11234398 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Endothelial programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is higher in tumors than in normal tissues. Also, tumoral vasculatures tend to be leakier than normal vessels leading to a higher trans-endothelial or transmural fluid flow. However, it is not clear whether such elevated transmural flow can control endothelial PD-L1 expression. Here, a new microfluidic device is developed to investigate the relationship between transmural flow and PD-L1 expression in microvascular networks (MVNs). After treating the MVNs with transmural flow for 24 h, the expression of PD-L1 in endothelial cells is upregulated. Additionally, CD8 T cell activation by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) is suppressed when cultured in the MVNs pre-conditioned with transmural flow. Moreover, transmural flow is able to further increase PD-L1 expression in the vessels formed in the tumor microenvironment. Finally, by utilizing blocking antibodies and knock-out assays, it is found that transmural flow-driven PD-L1 upregulation is controlled by integrin αVβ3. Overall, this study provides a new biophysical explanation for high PD-L1 expression in tumoral vasculatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengpeng Wan
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Amy X Zhong
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Liling Xu
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Mark F Coughlin
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Georgios Pavlou
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Sarah E Shelton
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Huu Tuan Nguyen
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Satomi Hirose
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Seunggyu Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Marie A Floryan
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - David A Barbie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - F Stephen Hodi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Roger D Kamm
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kim AE, Lou KW, Giobbie-Hurder A, Chang K, Gidwani M, Hoebel K, Patel JB, Cleveland MC, Singh P, Bridge CP, Ahmed SR, Bearce BA, Liu W, Fuster-Garcia E, Lee EQ, Lin NU, Overmoyer B, Wen PY, Nayak L, Cohen JV, Dietrich J, Eichler A, Heist R, Krop I, Lawrence D, Ligibel J, Tolaney S, Mayer E, Winer E, Perrino CM, Summers EJ, Mahar M, Oh K, Shih HA, Cahill DP, Rosen BR, Yen YF, Kalpathy-Cramer J, Martinez-Lage M, Sullivan RJ, Brastianos PK, Emblem KE, Gerstner ER. Abnormal vascular structure and function within brain metastases is linked to pembrolizumab resistance. Neuro Oncol 2024; 26:965-974. [PMID: 38070147 PMCID: PMC11066943 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noad236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We recently conducted a phase 2 trial (NCT028865685) evaluating intracranial efficacy of pembrolizumab for brain metastases (BM) of diverse histologies. Our study met its primary efficacy endpoint and illustrates that pembrolizumab exerts promising activity in a select group of patients with BM. Given the importance of aberrant vasculature in mediating immunosuppression, we explored the relationship between immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) efficacy and vascular architecture in the hopes of identifying potential mechanisms of intracranial ICI response or resistance for BM. METHODS Using Vessel Architectural Imaging, a histologically validated quantitative metric for in vivo tumor vascular physiology, we analyzed dual-echo DSC/DCE MRI for 44 patients on trial. Tumor and peri-tumor cerebral blood volume/flow, vessel size, arterial and venous dominance, and vascular permeability were measured before and after treatment with pembrolizumab. RESULTS BM that progressed on ICI were characterized by a highly aberrant vasculature dominated by large-caliber vessels. In contrast, ICI-responsive BM possessed a more structurally balanced vasculature consisting of both small and large vessels, and there was a trend toward a decrease in under-perfused tissue, suggesting a reversal of the negative effects of hypoxia. In the peri-tumor region, the development of smaller blood vessels, consistent with neo-angiogenesis, was associated with tumor growth before radiographic evidence of contrast enhancement on anatomical MRI. CONCLUSIONS This study, one of the largest functional imaging studies for BM, suggests that vascular architecture is linked with ICI efficacy. Studies identifying modulators of vascular architecture, and effects on immune activity, are warranted and may inform future combination treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albert E Kim
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kevin W Lou
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anita Giobbie-Hurder
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ken Chang
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Graduate Program in Biophysics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mishka Gidwani
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katharina Hoebel
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Graduate Program in Biophysics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jay B Patel
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Graduate Program in Biophysics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mason C Cleveland
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Praveer Singh
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christopher P Bridge
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Syed Rakin Ahmed
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Graduate Program in Biophysics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Benjamin A Bearce
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - William Liu
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elies Fuster-Garcia
- Department of Physics and Computational Radiology, Division of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Instituto Universitario de Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicaciones, Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain
| | - Eudocia Q Lee
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nancy U Lin
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Beth Overmoyer
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrick Y Wen
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lakshmi Nayak
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Justine V Cohen
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jorg Dietrich
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - April Eichler
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rebecca Heist
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ian Krop
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Donald Lawrence
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jennifer Ligibel
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sara Tolaney
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Erica Mayer
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric Winer
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Carmen M Perrino
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Summers
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maura Mahar
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kevin Oh
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Helen A Shih
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel P Cahill
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bruce R Rosen
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yi-Fen Yen
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jayashree Kalpathy-Cramer
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maria Martinez-Lage
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ryan J Sullivan
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Priscilla K Brastianos
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kyrre E Emblem
- Department of Physics and Computational Radiology, Division of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elizabeth R Gerstner
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gruionu G, Baish J, McMahon S, Blauvelt D, Gruionu LG, Lenco MO, Vakoc BJ, Padera TP, Munn LL. Experimental and theoretical model of microvascular network remodeling and blood flow redistribution following minimally invasive microvessel laser ablation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8767. [PMID: 38627467 PMCID: PMC11021487 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59296-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Overly dense microvascular networks are treated by selective reduction of vascular elements. Inappropriate manipulation of microvessels could result in loss of host tissue function or a worsening of the clinical problem. Here, experimental, and computational models were developed to induce blood flow changes via selective artery and vein laser ablation and study the compensatory collateral flow redistribution and vessel diameter remodeling. The microvasculature was imaged non-invasively by bright-field and multi-photon laser microscopy, and optical coherence tomography pre-ablation and up to 30 days post-ablation. A theoretical model of network remodeling was developed to compute blood flow and intravascular pressure and identify vessels most susceptible to changes in flow direction. The skin microvascular remodeling patterns were consistent among the five specimens studied. Significant remodeling occurred at various time points, beginning as early as days 1-3 and continuing beyond day 20. The remodeling patterns included collateral development, venous and arterial reopening, and both outward and inward remodeling, with variations in the time frames for each mouse. In a representative specimen, immediately post-ablation, the average artery and vein diameters increased by 14% and 23%, respectively. At day 20 post-ablation, the maximum increases in arterial and venous diameters were 2.5× and 3.3×, respectively. By day 30, the average artery diameter remained 11% increased whereas the vein diameters returned to near pre-ablation values. Some arteries regenerated across the ablation sites via endothelial cell migration, while veins either reconnected or rerouted flow around the ablation site, likely depending on local pressure driving forces. In the intact network, the theoretical model predicts that the vessels that act as collaterals after flow disruption are those most sensitive to distant changes in pressure. The model results correlate with the post-ablation microvascular remodeling patterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Gruionu
- Department of Medicine, Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, 46202, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Edwin L. Steele Laboratory for Tumor Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Craiova, 200585, Craiova, Romania.
| | - James Baish
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, 17837, USA
| | - Sean McMahon
- Department of Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, 24060, USA
| | - David Blauvelt
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, 02115, USA
| | - Lucian G Gruionu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Craiova, 200585, Craiova, Romania
| | | | - Benjamin J Vakoc
- Department of Dermatology and Wellman Center of Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, 02114, USA
| | - Timothy P Padera
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Edwin L. Steele Laboratory for Tumor Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, USA
| | - Lance L Munn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Edwin L. Steele Laboratory for Tumor Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ebrahimi S, Bagchi P. Predicting capillary vessel network hemodynamics in silico by machine learning. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae043. [PMID: 38725529 PMCID: PMC11079571 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Blood velocity and red blood cell (RBC) distribution profiles in a capillary vessel cross-section in the microcirculation are generally complex and do not follow Poiseuille's parabolic or uniform pattern. Existing imaging techniques used to map large microvascular networks in vivo do not allow a direct measurement of full 3D velocity and RBC concentration profiles, although such information is needed for accurate evaluation of the physiological variables, such as the wall shear stress (WSS) and near-wall cell-free layer (CFL), that play critical roles in blood flow regulation, disease progression, angiogenesis, and hemostasis. Theoretical network flow models, often used for hemodynamic predictions in experimentally acquired images of the microvascular network, cannot provide the full 3D profiles either. In contrast, such information can be readily obtained from high-fidelity computational models that treat blood as a suspension of deformable RBCs. These models, however, are computationally expensive and not feasible for extension to the microvascular network at large spatial scales up to an organ level. To overcome such limitations, here we present machine learning (ML) models that bypass such expensive computations but provide highly accurate and full 3D profiles of the blood velocity, RBC concentration, WSS, and CFL in every vessel in the microvascular network. The ML models, which are based on artificial neural networks and convolution-based U-net models, predict hemodynamic quantities that compare very well against the true data but reduce the prediction time by several orders. This study therefore paves the way for ML to make detailed and accurate hemodynamic predictions in spatially large microvascular networks at an organ-scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saman Ebrahimi
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Prosenjit Bagchi
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yin J, Dong F, An J, Guo T, Cheng H, Zhang J, Zhang J. Pattern recognition of microcirculation with super-resolution ultrasound imaging provides markers for early tumor response to anti-angiogenic therapy. Theranostics 2024; 14:1312-1324. [PMID: 38323316 PMCID: PMC10845201 DOI: 10.7150/thno.89306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Cancer treatment outcome is traditionally evaluated by tumor volume change in clinics, while tumor microvascular heterogeneity reflecting tumor response has not been fully explored due to technical limitations. Methods: We introduce a new paradigm in super-resolution ultrasound imaging, termed pattern recognition of microcirculation (PARM), which identifies both hemodynamic and morphological patterns of tumor microcirculation hidden in spatio-temporal space trajectories of microbubbles. Results: PARM demonstrates the ability to distinguish different local blood flow velocities separated by a distance of 24 μm. Compared with traditional vascular parameters, PARM-derived heterogeneity parameters prove to be more sensitive to microvascular changes following anti-angiogenic therapy. Particularly, PARM-identified "sentinel" microvasculature, exhibiting evident structural changes as early as 24 hours after treatment initiation, correlates significantly with subsequent tumor volume changes (|r| > 0.9, P < 0.05). This provides prognostic insight into tumor response much earlier than clinical criteria. Conclusions: The ability of PARM to noninvasively quantify tumor vascular heterogeneity at the microvascular level may shed new light on early-stage assessment of cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Yin
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Feihong Dong
- College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, and Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian An
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyu Guo
- College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Heping Cheng
- College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, and Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Mitochondria in Brain Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PKU-Nanjing Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiabin Zhang
- College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, and Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jue Zhang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Mitochondria in Brain Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PKU-Nanjing Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Oh SH, Park SJ, Lee S, Lee S, Kim HS. Platinum-free Interval May Predict Duration of Maintenance Bevacizumab and Survival in Platinum-sensitive Recurrent Ovarian Cancer. In Vivo 2024; 38:467-473. [PMID: 38148089 PMCID: PMC10756444 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.13461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM We investigated factors affecting the long-term duration of bevacizumab-based maintenance therapy (BMT) and survival in patients with the first platinum-sensitive recurrence of ovarian cancer (PSR). PATIENTS AND METHODS We included patients with the first PSR in two tertiary centers from January 2015 till August 2021. All patients received six cycles of paclitaxel, carboplatin, and bevacizumab followed by BMT. We collected data including age at recurrence, histologic types, the status of BRCA mutation, platinum-free interval (PFI), extent of secondary cytoreductive surgery (SCS), presence of extra-abdominal disease, numbers of recurred lesions, cycles of BMT, progression-free survival (PFS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS). The median cycles of BMT were 13 (range=1-108). RESULTS A total 103 patients were included, who consisted of the short-term (<13 cycles; n=49; 47.6%) and long-term users of BMT (≥13 cycles; n=54; 52.4%). High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), PFI >12 months, and optimal cytoreduction during SCS were favorable factors for the long-term duration of BMT. Moreover, PFI >12 months and the long-term duration of BMT were factors for improved PFS, and HGSC and PFI >12 months were related to improved CSS. CONCLUSION PFI >12 months may be associated with the long-term duration of BMT and improved survival in patients with the first PSR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Hyun Oh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jin Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungmee Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seungho Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Seung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Demicco M, Liu XZ, Leithner K, Fendt SM. Metabolic heterogeneity in cancer. Nat Metab 2024; 6:18-38. [PMID: 38267631 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00963-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Cancer cells rewire their metabolism to survive during cancer progression. In this context, tumour metabolic heterogeneity arises and develops in response to diverse environmental factors. This metabolic heterogeneity contributes to cancer aggressiveness and impacts therapeutic opportunities. In recent years, technical advances allowed direct characterisation of metabolic heterogeneity in tumours. In addition to the metabolic heterogeneity observed in primary tumours, metabolic heterogeneity temporally evolves along with tumour progression. In this Review, we summarize the mechanisms of environment-induced metabolic heterogeneity. In addition, we discuss how cancer metabolism and the key metabolites and enzymes temporally and functionally evolve during the metastatic cascade and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Demicco
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xiao-Zheng Liu
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katharina Leithner
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sarah-Maria Fendt
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gruionu G, Baish J, McMahon S, Blauvelt D, Gruionu LG, Lenco MO, Vakoc BJ, Padera TP, Munn LL. Experimental and Theoretical Model of Single Vessel Minimally Invasive Micro-Laser Ablation: Inducing Microvascular Network Remodeling and Blood Flow Redistribution Without Compromising Host Tissue Function. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3754775. [PMID: 38196660 PMCID: PMC10775362 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3754775/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Overly dense microvascular networks are treated by selective reduction of vascular elements. Inappropriate manipulation of microvessels could result in loss of host tissue function or a worsening of the clinical problem. Here, experimental, and computational models were developed to induce blood flow changes via selective artery and vein laser ablation and study the compensatory collateral flow redistribution and vessel diameter remodeling. The microvasculature was imaged non-invasively by bright-field and multi-photon laser microscopy, and Optical Coherence Tomography pre-ablation and up to 30 days post-ablation. A theoretical model of network remodeling was developed to compute blood flow and intravascular pressure and identify vessels most susceptible to changes in flow direction. The skin microvascular remodeling patterns were consistent among the five specimens studied. Significant remodeling occurred at various time points, beginning as early as days 1-3 and continuing beyond day 20. The remodeling patterns included collateral development, venous and arterial reopening, and both outward and inward remodeling, with variations in the time frames for each mouse. In a representative specimen, immediately post-ablation, the average artery and vein diameters increased by 14% and 23%, respectively. At day 20 post-ablation, the maximum increases in arterial and venous diameters were 2.5x and 3.3x, respectively. By day 30, the average artery diameter remained 11% increased whereas the vein diameters returned to near pre-ablation values. Some arteries regenerated across the ablation sites via endothelial cell migration, while veins either reconnected or rerouted flow around the ablation site, likely depending on local pressure driving forces. In the intact network, the theoretical model predicts that the vessels that act as collaterals after flow disruption are those most sensitive to distant changes in pressure. The model results match the post-ablation microvascular remodeling patterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Gruionu
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Indianapolis, 46202, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Edwin L. Steele Laboratory for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, 02114, USA
- University of Craiova, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Craiova, 200585, Romania
| | - James Baish
- Bucknell University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lewisburg, 17837, USA
| | - Sean McMahon
- Virginia Tech, Department of Physics, Blacksburg, 24060, USA
| | - David Blauvelt
- Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston, 02115, USA
| | - Lucian G. Gruionu
- University of Craiova, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Craiova, 200585, Romania
| | | | - Benjamin J. Vakoc
- Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Dermatology and Wellman Center of Photomedicine, Boston, 02114, USA
| | - Timothy P. Padera
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Edwin L. Steele Laboratory for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, 02114, USA
| | - Lance L. Munn
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Edwin L. Steele Laboratory for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, 02114, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Davodabadi F, Sajjadi SF, Sarhadi M, Mirghasemi S, Nadali Hezaveh M, Khosravi S, Kamali Andani M, Cordani M, Basiri M, Ghavami S. Cancer chemotherapy resistance: Mechanisms and recent breakthrough in targeted drug delivery. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 958:176013. [PMID: 37633322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Conventional chemotherapy, one of the most widely used cancer treatment methods, has serious side effects, and usually results in cancer treatment failure. Drug resistance is one of the primary reasons for this failure. The most significant drawbacks of systemic chemotherapy are rapid clearance from the circulation, the drug's low concentration in the tumor site, and considerable adverse effects outside the tumor. Several ways have been developed to boost neoplasm treatment efficacy and overcome medication resistance. In recent years, targeted drug delivery has become an essential therapeutic application. As more mechanisms of tumor treatment resistance are discovered, nanoparticles (NPs) are designed to target these pathways. Therefore, understanding the limitations and challenges of this technology is critical for nanocarrier evaluation. Nano-drugs have been increasingly employed in medicine, incorporating therapeutic applications for more precise and effective tumor diagnosis, therapy, and targeting. Many benefits of NP-based drug delivery systems in cancer treatment have been proven, including good pharmacokinetics, tumor cell-specific targeting, decreased side effects, and lessened drug resistance. As more mechanisms of tumor treatment resistance are discovered, NPs are designed to target these pathways. At the moment, this innovative technology has the potential to bring fresh insights into cancer therapy. Therefore, understanding the limitations and challenges of this technology is critical for nanocarrier evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Davodabadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyedeh Fatemeh Sajjadi
- School of Biological Science, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Sarhadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Shaghayegh Mirghasemi
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahdieh Nadali Hezaveh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - Samin Khosravi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahdieh Kamali Andani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Marco Cordani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mohsen Basiri
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Academy of Silesia, Faculty of Medicine, Rolna 43, 40-555. Katowice, Poland; Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada; Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bousso P, Grandjean CL. Immunomodulation under the lens of real-time in vivo imaging. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2249921. [PMID: 37051691 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202249921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Modulation of cells and molecules of the immune system not only represents a major opportunity to treat a variety of diseases including infections, cancer, autoimmune, and inflammatory disorders but could also help understand the intricacies of immune responses. A detailed mechanistic understanding of how a specific immune intervention may provide clinical benefit is essential for the rational design of efficient immunomodulators. Visualizing the impact of immunomodulation in real-time and in vivo has emerged as an important approach to achieve this goal. In this review, we aim to illustrate how multiphoton intravital imaging has helped clarify the mode of action of immunomodulatory strategies such as antibodies or cell therapies. We also discuss how optogenetics combined with imaging will further help manipulate and precisely understand immunomodulatory pathways. Combined with other single-cell technologies, in vivo dynamic imaging has therefore a major potential for guiding preclinical development of immunomodulatory drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Bousso
- Dynamics of Immune Responses Unit, Institut Pasteur, INSERM U1223, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Capucine L Grandjean
- Dynamics of Immune Responses Unit, Institut Pasteur, INSERM U1223, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lin Q, Choyke PL, Sato N. Visualizing vasculature and its response to therapy in the tumor microenvironment. Theranostics 2023; 13:5223-5246. [PMID: 37908739 PMCID: PMC10614675 DOI: 10.7150/thno.84947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor vasculature plays a critical role in the progression and metastasis of tumors, antitumor immunity, drug delivery, and resistance to therapies. The morphological and functional changes of tumor vasculature in response to therapy take place in a spatiotemporal-dependent manner, which can be predictive of treatment outcomes. Dynamic monitoring of intratumor vasculature contributes to an improved understanding of the mechanisms of action of specific therapies or reasons for treatment failure, leading to therapy optimization. There is a rich history of methods used to image the vasculature. This review describes recent advances in imaging technologies to visualize the tumor vasculature, with a focus on enhanced intravital imaging techniques and tumor window models. We summarize new insights on spatial-temporal vascular responses to various therapies, including changes in vascular perfusion and permeability and immune-vascular crosstalk, obtained from intravital imaging. Finally, we briefly discuss the clinical applications of intravital imaging techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Noriko Sato
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bhargava A, Popel AS, Pathak AP. Vascular phenotyping of the invasive front in breast cancer using a 3D angiogenesis atlas. Microvasc Res 2023; 149:104555. [PMID: 37257688 PMCID: PMC10526652 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular remodeling at the invasive tumor front (ITF) plays a critical role in progression and metastasis of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Therefore, there is a crucial need to characterize the vascular phenotype (i.e. changes in the structure and function of vasculature) of the ITF and tumor core (TC) in TNBC. This requires high-resolution, 3D structural and functional microvascular data that spans the ITF and TC (i.e. ∼4-5 mm from the tumor's edge). Since such data are often challenging to obtain with most conventional imaging approaches, we employed a unique "3D whole-tumor angiogenesis atlas" derived from orthotopic xenografts to characterize the vascular phenotype of the ITF and TC in TNBC. METHODS First, high-resolution (8 μm) computed tomography (CT) images of "whole-tumor" microvasculature were acquired from eight orthotopic TNBC xenografts, of which three tumors were excised at post-inoculation day 21 (i.e. early-stage) and five tumors were excised at post-inoculation day 35 (i.e. advanced-stage). These 3D morphological CT data were combined with soft tissue contrast from MRI as well as functional data generated in silico using image-based hemodynamic modeling to generate a multi-layered "angiogenesis atlas". Employing this atlas, blood vessels were first spatially stratified within the ITF (i.e. ≤1 mm from the tumor's edge) and TC (i.e. >1 mm from the tumor's edge) of each tumor xenograft. Then, a novel method was developed to visualize and characterize microvascular remodeling and perfusion changes in terms of distance from the tumor's edge. RESULTS The angiogenesis atlas enabled the 3D visualization of changes in tumor vessel growth patterns, morphology and perfusion within the ITF and TC. Early and advanced stage tumors demonstrated significant differences in terms of their edge-to-center distributions for vascular surface area density, vascular length density, intervessel distance and simulated perfusion density (p ≪ 0.01). Elevated vascular length density, vascular surface area density and perfusion density along the circumference of the ITF was suggestive of a preferential spatial pattern of angiogenic growth in this tumor cohort. Finally, we demonstrated the feasibility of differentiating the vascular phenotypes of ITF and TC in these TNBC xenografts. CONCLUSIONS The combination of a 3D angiogenesis atlas and image-based hemodynamic modeling heralds a new approach for characterizing the role of vascular remodeling in cancer and other diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Bhargava
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Aleksander S Popel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Electrical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University
| | - Arvind P Pathak
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Electrical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kim AE, Lou KW, Giobbie-Hurder A, Chang K, Gidwani M, Hoebel K, Patel JB, Cleveland MC, Singh P, Bridge CP, Ahmed SR, Bearce BA, Liu W, Fuster-Garcia E, Lee EQ, Lin NU, Overmoyer B, Wen PY, Nayak L, Cohen JV, Dietrich J, Eichler A, Heist R, Krop I, Lawrence D, Ligibel J, Tolaney S, Mayer E, Winer E, Perrino CM, Summers EJ, Mahar M, Oh K, Shih HA, Cahill DP, Rosen BR, Yen YF, Kalpathy-Cramer J, Martinez-Lage M, Sullivan RJ, Brastianos PK, Emblem KE, Gerstner ER. Structural and functional vascular dysfunction within brain metastases is linked to pembrolizumab inefficacy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.25.554868. [PMID: 37693537 PMCID: PMC10491098 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.25.554868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Structurally and functionally aberrant vasculature is a hallmark of tumor angiogenesis and treatment resistance. Given the synergistic link between aberrant tumor vasculature and immunosuppression, we analyzed perfusion MRI for 44 patients with brain metastases (BM) undergoing treatment with pembrolizumab. To date, vascular-immune communication, or the relationship between immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) efficacy and vascular architecture, has not been well-characterized in human imaging studies. We found that ICI-responsive BM possessed a structurally balanced vascular makeup, which was linked to improved vascular efficiency and an immune-stimulatory microenvironment. In contrast, ICI-resistant BM were characterized by a lack of immune cell infiltration and a highly aberrant vasculature dominated by large-caliber vessels. Peri-tumor region analysis revealed early functional changes predictive of ICI resistance before radiographic evidence on conventional MRI. This study was one of the largest functional imaging studies for BM and establishes a foundation for functional studies that illuminate the mechanisms linking patterns of vascular architecture with immunosuppression, as targeting these aspects of cancer biology may serve as the basis for future combination treatments.
Collapse
|
15
|
Nikmaneshi MR, Jain RK, Munn LL. Computational simulations of tumor growth and treatment response: Benefits of high-frequency, low-dose drug regimens and concurrent vascular normalization. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1011131. [PMID: 37289729 PMCID: PMC10249820 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Implementation of effective cancer treatment strategies requires consideration of how the spatiotemporal heterogeneities within the tumor microenvironment (TME) influence tumor progression and treatment response. Here, we developed a multi-scale three-dimensional mathematical model of the TME to simulate tumor growth and angiogenesis and then employed the model to evaluate an array of single and combination therapy approaches. Treatments included maximum tolerated dose or metronomic (i.e., frequent low doses) scheduling of anti-cancer drugs combined with anti-angiogenic therapy. The results show that metronomic therapy normalizes the tumor vasculature to improve drug delivery, modulates cancer metabolism, decreases interstitial fluid pressure and decreases cancer cell invasion. Further, we find that combining an anti-cancer drug with anti-angiogenic treatment enhances tumor killing and reduces drug accumulation in normal tissues. We also show that combined anti-angiogenic and anti-cancer drugs can decrease cancer invasiveness and normalize the cancer metabolic microenvironment leading to reduced hypoxia and hypoglycemia. Our model simulations suggest that vessel normalization combined with metronomic cytotoxic therapy has beneficial effects by enhancing tumor killing and limiting normal tissue toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad R. Nikmaneshi
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rakesh K. Jain
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lance L. Munn
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kansız S, Elçin YM. Advanced liposome and polymersome-based drug delivery systems: Considerations for physicochemical properties, targeting strategies and stimuli-sensitive approaches. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 317:102930. [PMID: 37290380 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes and polymersomes are colloidal vesicles that are self-assembled from lipids and amphiphilic polymers, respectively. Because of their ability to encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic therapeutics, they are of great interest in drug delivery research. Today, the applications of liposomes and polymersomes have expanded to a wide variety of complex therapeutic molecules, including nucleic acids, proteins and enzymes. Thanks to their chemical versatility, they can be tailored to different drug delivery applications to achieve maximum therapeutic index. This review article evaluates liposomes and polymersomes from a perspective that takes into account the physical and biological barriers that reduce the efficiency of the drug delivery process. In this context, the design approaches of liposomes and polymersomes are discussed with representative examples in terms of their physicochemical properties (size, shape, charge, mechanical), targeting strategies (passive and active) and response to different stimuli (pH, redox, enzyme, temperature, light, magnetic field, ultrasound). Finally, the challenges limiting the transition from laboratory to practice, recent clinical developments, and future perspectives are addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyithan Kansız
- Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Ankara University Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yaşar Murat Elçin
- Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Ankara University Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Ankara, Turkey; Biovalda Health Technologies, Inc., Ankara, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zahari S, Syafruddin SE, Mohtar MA. Impact of the Cancer Cell Secretome in Driving Breast Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092653. [PMID: 37174117 PMCID: PMC10177134 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease resulting from the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations in breast epithelial cells. Despite remarkable progress in diagnosis and treatment, breast cancer continues to be the most prevalent cancer affecting women worldwide. Recent research has uncovered a compelling link between breast cancer onset and the extracellular environment enveloping tumor cells. The complex network of proteins secreted by cancer cells and other cellular components within the tumor microenvironment has emerged as a critical player in driving the disease's metastatic properties. Specifically, the proteins released by the tumor cells termed the secretome, can significantly influence the progression and metastasis of breast cancer. The breast cancer cell secretome promotes tumorigenesis through its ability to modulate growth-associated signaling pathways, reshaping the tumor microenvironment, supporting pre-metastatic niche formation, and facilitating immunosurveillance evasion. Additionally, the secretome has been shown to play a crucial role in drug resistance development, making it an attractive target for cancer therapy. Understanding the intricate role of the cancer cell secretome in breast cancer progression will provide new insights into the underlying mechanisms of this disease and aid in the development of more innovative therapeutic interventions. Hence, this review provides a nuanced analysis of the impact of the cancer cell secretome on breast cancer progression, elucidates the complex reciprocal interaction with the components of the tumor microenvironment and highlights emerging therapeutic opportunities for targeting the constituents of the secretome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syazalina Zahari
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Saiful Effendi Syafruddin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - M Aiman Mohtar
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jiang S, Feng R, Tian Z, Zhou J, Zhang W. Metabolic dialogs between B cells and the tumor microenvironment: Implications for anticancer immunity. Cancer Lett 2023; 556:216076. [PMID: 36724837 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Immunometabolism, a branch of biology describing the link between immunity and metabolism, is an emerging topic in cancer immunology. It is currently well accepted that B cells and tertiary lymph structures formed by them are associated with favorable outcomes when patients undergo cancer immunotherapy. Understanding the determinants of B-cell fate and function in cancer patients is necessary for improving cancer immunotherapy. Accumulating evidence points to the tumor microenvironment being a critical metabolic hurdle to an efficient antitumor B-cell response. At the same time, several B-cell-derived metabolites have recently been reported to inhibit anticancer immunity. In this literature review, key B-cell immunometabolism studies and the metabolic life of B cells were summarized. Then, we discussed the intrinsic metabolic pathways of B cells themselves and how the tumor microenvironment and B cells in tumors metabolically influence each other. Finally, we pointed out key questions to provide some inspiration for further study of the role of B-cell immunometabolism in the antitumor immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Jiang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ranran Feng
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ziying Tian
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jieyu Zhou
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenling Zhang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mukherjee A, Bravo-Cordero JJ. Regulation of dormancy during tumor dissemination: the role of the ECM. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:99-112. [PMID: 36802311 PMCID: PMC10027413 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10094-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
The study of the metastatic cascade has revealed the complexity of the process and the multiple cellular states that disseminated cancer cells must go through. The tumor microenvironment and in particular the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in regulating the transition from invasion, dormancy to ultimately proliferation during the metastatic cascade. The time delay from primary tumor detection to metastatic growth is regulated by a molecular program that maintains disseminated tumor cells in a non-proliferative, quiescence state known as tumor cell dormancy. Identifying dormant cells and their niches in vivo and how they transition to the proliferative state is an active area of investigation, and novel approaches have been developed to track dormant cells during dissemination. In this review, we highlight the latest research on the invasive nature of disseminated tumor cells and their link to dormancy programs. We also discuss the role of the ECM in sustaining dormant niches at distant sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Mukherjee
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jose Javier Bravo-Cordero
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wei G, Zhang S, Yu S, Lu W. Intravital Microscopy Reveals Endothelial Transcytosis Contributing to Significant Tumor Accumulation of Albumin Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:519. [PMID: 36839841 PMCID: PMC9960641 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The principle of enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect has been used to design anti-cancer nanomedicines over decades. However, it is being challenged due to the poor clinical outcome of nanoparticles and controversial physiological foundation. Herein, we use a near-infrared-II (1000-1700 nm, NIR-II) fluorescence probe BPBBT to investigate the pathway for the entry of human serum albumin-bound nanoparticles (BPBBT-HSA NPs) into tumor compared with BPBBT micelles with phospholipid-poly (ethylene glycol) of the similar particle size about 110 nm. The plasma elimination half-life of BPBBT micelles was 2.8-fold of that of BPBBT-HSA NPs. However, the area under the BPBBT concentration in tumor-time curve to 48 h post-injection (AUCtumor0→48h) of BPBBT-HSA NPs was 7.2-fold of that of BPBBT micelles. The intravital NIR-II fluorescence microscopy revealed that BPBBT-HSA NPs but not BPBBT micelles were transported from the tumor vasculature into tumor parenchyma with high efficiency, and endocytosed by the tumor cells within 3 h post-injection in vivo. This effect was blocked by cross-linking BPBBT-HSA NPs to denature HSA, resulting in the AUCtumor0→48h decreased to 22% of that of BPBBT-HSA NPs. Our results demonstrated that the active process of endothelial transcytosis is the dominant pathway for albumin-bound nanoparticles' entry into tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, School of Pharmacy & Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lan YL, Wang H, Chen A, Zhang J. Update on the current knowledge of lymphatic drainage system and its emerging roles in glioma management. Immunology 2023; 168:233-247. [PMID: 35719015 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The draining of brain interstitial fluid (ISF) to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the subsequent draining of CSF to meningeal lymphatics is well-known. Nonetheless, its role in the development of glioma is a remarkable finding that has to be extensively understood. The glymphatic system (GS) collects CSF from the subarachnoid space and brain ISF through aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels. The glial limiting membrane and the perivascular astrocyte-end-feet membrane both have elevated levels of AQP4. CSF is thought to drain through the nerve sheaths of the olfactory and other cranial nerves as well as spinal meningeal lymphatics via dorsal or basal lymphatic vessels. Meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) exist below the skull in the dorsal and basal regions. In this view, MLVs offer a pathway to drain macromolecules and traffic immunological cells from the CNS into cervical lymph nodes (CLNs), and thus can be used as a candidate curing strategy against glioma and other associated complications, such as neuro-inflammation. Taken together, the lymphatic drainage system could provide a route or approach for drug targeting of glioma and other neurological conditions. Nevertheless, its pathophysiological role in glioma remains elusive, which needs extensive research. The current review aims to explore the lymphatic drainage system, its role in glioma progression, and possible therapeutic techniques that target MLVs in the CNS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Long Lan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongjin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Aiqin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang D, He J, Zhou M. Radiation-assisted strategies provide new perspectives to improve the nanoparticle delivery to tumor. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 193:114642. [PMID: 36529190 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs), with advantages in tumor targeting, have been extensively developed for anticancer treatment. However, the delivery efficacy of NPs tends to be heterogeneous in clinical research. Surprisingly, a traditional cancer treatment, radiotherapy (radiation), has been observed with the potential to improve the delivery of NPs by influencing the features of the tumor microenvironment, which provides new perspectives to overcome the barriers in the NPs delivery. Since the effect of radiation can also be enhanced by versatile NPs, these findings of radiation-assisted NPs delivery suggest innovative strategies combining radiotherapy with nanotherapeutics. This review summarizes the research on the delivery and therapeutic efficacy of NPs that are improved by radiation, focusing on relative mechanisms and existing challenges and opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China; Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China; The Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Jian He
- The Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China; Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China; The Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Research Center for Life Science and Human Health, Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gabriel EM, Sukniam K, Popp K, Bagaria SP. Human intravital microscopy in the study of sarcomas: an early trial of feasibility. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1151255. [PMID: 37124504 PMCID: PMC10130404 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1151255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas comprise a vast and heterogenous group of rare tumors. Because of their diversity, it is challenging to study sarcomas as a whole with regard to their biological and molecular characteristics. This diverse set of tumors may also possess differences related to their tumor-associated vasculature, which in turn may impact the ability to deliver systemic therapies (e.g., chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and immunotherapy). Consequently, response to systemic treatment may also be variable as these depend on the ability of the therapy to reach the tumor target via the tumor-associated vasculature. There is a paucity of data regarding sarcoma-related tumor vessels, likely in part to the rarity and heterogeneity of this cancer as well as the previously limited ability to image tumor-associated vessels in real time. Our group has previously utilized confocal fluorescent imaging technology to observe and characterize tumor-associated vessels in real time during surgical resection of tumors, including cutaneous melanoma and carcinomatosis implants derived from gastrointestinal, gynecological, or primary peritoneal (e.g., mesothelioma) tumors. Our prior studies have demonstrated the feasibility of real-time, human intravital microscopy in the study of these tumor types, leading to early but important new data regarding tumor vessel characteristics and their potential implications on drug delivery and efficacy. In this brief report, we present our latest descriptive findings in a cohort of patients with sarcoma who underwent surgical resection and real-time, intravital microscopy of their tumors. Overall, intravital imaging was feasible during the surgical resection of large sarcomas. Clinical trial registrations ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03517852; ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03823144.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel M. Gabriel
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Emmanuel M. Gabriel,
| | - Kulkaew Sukniam
- Department of General Surgery, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Suwanee, GA, United States
| | - Kyle Popp
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Sanjay P. Bagaria
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yang J, Fu L, Shirakawa T, Xiang T. Editorial: Targeting tumor vasculature to enhance cancer immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1199811. [PMID: 37143939 PMCID: PMC10151897 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1199811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jieying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and Shenzhen International Cancer Centre, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Toshiro Shirakawa
- Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Department of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tong Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Tong Xiang,
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Liu L, Qu Y, Cheng L, Yoon CW, He P, Monther A, Guo T, Chittle S, Wang Y. Engineering chimeric antigen receptor T cells for solid tumour therapy. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e1141. [PMID: 36495108 PMCID: PMC9736813 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-based immunotherapy, for example, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell immunotherapy, has revolutionized cancer treatment, particularly for blood cancers. However, factors such as insufficient T cell tracking, tumour heterogeneity, inhibitory tumour microenvironment (TME) and T cell exhaustion limit the broad application of CAR-based immunotherapy for solid tumours. In particular, the TME is a complex and evolving entity, which is composed of cells of different types (e.g., cancer cells, immune cells and stromal cells), vasculature, soluble factors and extracellular matrix (ECM), with each component playing a critical role in CAR-T immunotherapy. Thus, developing approaches to mitigate the inhibitory TME factors is critical for future success in applying CAR-T cells for solid tumour treatment. Accordingly, understanding the bilateral interaction of CAR-T cells with the TME is in pressing need to pave the way for more efficient therapeutics. In the following review, we will discuss TME-associated aspects with an emphasis on T cell trafficking, ECM barriers, abnormal vasculature, solid tumour heterogenicity and immune suppressive microenvironment. We will then summarize current engineering strategies to overcome the challenges posed by the TME-associated factors. Lastly, the future directions for engineering efficient CAR-T cells for solid tumour therapy will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longwei Liu
- Department of BioengineeringInstitute of Engineering in MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Yunjia Qu
- Department of BioengineeringInstitute of Engineering in MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Leonardo Cheng
- Department of BioengineeringInstitute of Engineering in MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Chi Woo Yoon
- Department of BioengineeringInstitute of Engineering in MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Peixiang He
- Department of BioengineeringInstitute of Engineering in MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Abdula Monther
- Department of BioengineeringInstitute of Engineering in MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Tianze Guo
- Department of BioengineeringInstitute of Engineering in MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sarah Chittle
- Department of BioengineeringInstitute of Engineering in MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Yingxiao Wang
- Department of BioengineeringInstitute of Engineering in MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Selective Enhancing Blood Flow in Solid Tumor Tissue Is the Key for Achieving Satisfactory Delivery and Therapeutic Outcome of Nanodrugs via the EPR Effect. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12111802. [PMID: 36579542 PMCID: PMC9697866 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12111802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The enhanced permeability and retention effect (EPR effect) is a crucial phenomenon for understanding the pathophysiological characteristics of blood vasculature and microenvironments in solid tumors. It is also an essential concept for designing anticancer drugs that can be selectively delivered into tumor tissue via the unique extravasation and retention mechanism for macromolecular drugs. As tumor vasculature is highly heterogeneous, the intensities of the EPR effect vary according to the types and locations of solid tumors in different species. However, the EPR effect is universally observed in a broad spectrum of solid tumors in human cancer as well as experimental animal tumor models. The matter is how to utilize the EPR effect for drug design and clinical application. Many hypotheses were proposed and tested to enhance the EPR effect in solid tumors in order to increase the efficacy of drug delivery. However, we should focus on increasing the blood flow in tumors so that more drugs can be perfused and accumulated inside tumor tissue and execute anticancer activities. Angiotensin II co-administration and the approach of intratumor arterial infusion should be considered to achieve selective tumor tissue perfusion for nanodrugs.
Collapse
|
27
|
Ternifi R, Wang Y, Gu J, Polley EC, Carter JM, Pruthi S, Boughey JC, Fazzio RT, Fatemi M, Alizad A. Ultrasound high-definition microvasculature imaging with novel quantitative biomarkers improves breast cancer detection accuracy. Eur Radiol 2022; 32:7448-7462. [PMID: 35486168 PMCID: PMC9616967 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-022-08815-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To overcome the limitations of power Doppler in imaging angiogenesis, we sought to develop and investigate new quantitative biomarkers of a contrast-free ultrasound microvasculature imaging technique for differentiation of benign from malignant pathologies of breast lesion. METHODS In this prospective study, a new high-definition microvasculature imaging (HDMI) was tested on 521 patients with 527 ultrasound-identified suspicious breast masses indicated for biopsy. Four new morphological features of tumor microvessels, microvessel fractal dimension (mvFD), Murray's deviation (MD), bifurcation angle (BA), and spatial vascularity pattern (SVP) as well as initial biomarkers were extracted and analyzed, and the results correlated with pathology. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to study the performance of different prediction models, initial biomarkers, new biomarkers, and combined new and initial biomarkers in differentiating benign from malignant lesions. RESULTS The new HDMI biomarkers, mvFD, BA, MD, and SVP, were statistically significantly different in malignant and benign lesions, regardless of tumor size. Sensitivity and specificity of the new biomarkers in lesions > 20 mm were 95.6% and 100%, respectively. Combining the new and initial biomarkers together showed an AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of 97% (95% CI: 95-98%), 93.8%, and 89.2%, respectively, for all lesions regardless of mass size. The classification was further improved by adding the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) score to the prediction model, showing an AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of 97% (95% CI: 95-98%), 93.8%, and 89.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION The addition of new quantitative HDMI biomarkers significantly improved the accuracy in breast lesion characterization when used as a complementary imaging tool to the conventional ultrasound. KEY POINTS • Novel quantitative biomarkers extracted from tumor microvessel images increase the sensitivity and specificity in discriminating malignant from benign breast masses. • New HDMI biomarkers Murray's deviation, bifurcation angles, microvessel fractal dimension, and spatial vascularity pattern outperformed the initial biomarkers. • The addition of BI-RADS scores based on US descriptors to the multivariable analysis using all biomarkers remarkably increased the sensitivity, specificity, and AUC in all size groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Redouane Ternifi
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Yinong Wang
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Juanjuan Gu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Eric C Polley
- Department of Health Science, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jodi M Carter
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sandhya Pruthi
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Judy C Boughey
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Robert T Fazzio
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Mostafa Fatemi
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Azra Alizad
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Azad AK, Campbell KR, Zhabyeyev P, Oudit GY, Moore RB, Murray AG. Loss of apelin blocks the emergence of sprouting angiogenesis in experimental tumors. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22560. [PMID: 36165236 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200616rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis inhibitor drugs targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling to the endothelial cell (EC) are used to treat various cancer types. However, primary or secondary resistance to therapy is common. Clinical and pre-clinical studies suggest that alternative pro-angiogenic factors are upregulated after VEGF pathway inhibition. Therefore, identification of alternative pro-angiogenic pathway(s) is critical for the development of more effective anti-angiogenic therapy. Here we study the role of apelin as a pro-angiogenic G-protein-coupled receptor ligand in tumor growth and angiogenesis. We found that loss of apelin in mice delayed the primary tumor growth of Lewis lung carcinoma 1 and B16F10 melanoma when combined with the VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, sunitinib. Targeting apelin in combination with sunitinib markedly reduced the tumor vessel density, and decreased microvessel remodeling. Apelin loss reduced angiogenic sprouting and tip cell marker gene expression in comparison to the sunitinib-alone-treated mice. Single-cell RNA sequencing of tumor EC demonstrated that the loss of apelin prevented EC tip cell differentiation. Thus, apelin is a potent pro-angiogenic cue that supports initiation of tumor neovascularization. Together, our data suggest that targeting apelin may be useful as adjuvant therapy in combination with VEGF signaling inhibition to inhibit the growth of advanced tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abul K Azad
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kieran R Campbell
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics and Statistical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pavel Zhabyeyev
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gavin Y Oudit
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ronald B Moore
- Department of Oncology and Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Allan G Murray
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Rasel MSI, Mohona FA, Akter W, Kabir S, Chowdhury AA, Chowdhury JA, Hassan MA, Al Mamun A, Ghose DK, Ahmad Z, Khan FS, Bari MF, Rahman MS, Amran MS. Exploration of Site-Specific Drug Targeting-A Review on EPR-, Stimuli-, Chemical-, and Receptor-Based Approaches as Potential Drug Targeting Methods in Cancer Treatment. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:9396760. [PMID: 36284633 PMCID: PMC9588330 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9396760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer has been one of the most dominant causes of mortality globally over the last few decades. In cancer treatment, the selective targeting of tumor cells is indispensable, making it a better replacement for conventional chemotherapies by diminishing their adverse side effects. While designing a drug to be delivered selectively in the target organ, the drug development scientists should focus on various factors such as the type of cancer they are dealing with according to which drug, targeting moieties, and pharmaceutical carriers should be targeted. All published articles have been collected regarding cancer and drug-targeting approaches from well reputed databases including MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, CENTRAL and ClinicalTrials.gov, Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Wiley, and Springer. The articles published between January 2010 and December 2020 were considered. Due to the existence of various mechanisms, it is challenging to choose which one is appropriate for a specific case. Moreover, a combination of more than one approach is often utilized to achieve optimal drug effects. In this review, we have summarized and highlighted central mechanisms of how the targeted drug delivery system works in the specific diseased microenvironment, along with the strategies to make an approach more effective. We have also included some pictorial illustrations to have a precise idea about different types of drug targeting. The core contribution of this work includes providing a cancer drug development scientist with a broad preliminary idea to choose the appropriate approach among the various targeted drug delivery mechanisms. Also, the study will contribute to improving anticancer treatment approaches by providing a pathway for lesser side effects observed in conventional chemotherapeutic techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Shamiul Islam Rasel
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Shahbag, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Farhana Afrin Mohona
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Shahbag, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Wahida Akter
- College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, USA
| | - Shaila Kabir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Shahbag, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Asad Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Shahbag, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Jakir Ahmed Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Shahbag, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abul Hassan
- Department of Science & Technology, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 Zhejiang, China
| | - Dipayon Krisna Ghose
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh
| | - Zubair Ahmad
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farhat S. Khan
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Fazlul Bari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Trust University, Barishal, Ruiya, Nobogram Road, Barishal 8200, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sohanur Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Trust University, Barishal, Ruiya, Nobogram Road, Barishal 8200, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shah Amran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Shahbag, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
O'Melia MJ, Rohner NA, Thomas SN. Tumor Vascular Remodeling Affects Molecular Dissemination to Lymph Node and Systemic Leukocytes. Tissue Eng Part A 2022; 28:781-794. [PMID: 35442085 PMCID: PMC9508451 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2022.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenic and lymphangiogenic remodeling has long been accepted as a hallmark of cancer development and progression; however, the impacts of this remodeling on immunological responses, which are paramount to the responses to immunotherapeutic treatments, are underexplored. As immunotherapies represent one of the most promising new classes of cancer therapy, in this study, we explore the effects of angiogenic and lymphangiogenic normalization on dissemination of molecules injected into the tumor microenvironment to immune cells in lymph nodes draining the tumor as well as in systemically distributed tissues. A system of fluorescent tracers, size-matched to biomolecules of interest, was implemented to track different mechanisms of tumor transport and access to immune cells. This revealed that the presence of a tumor, and either angiogenic or lymphangiogenic remodeling, altered local retention of model biomolecules, trended toward normalizing dissemination to systemic organs, and modified access to lymph node-resident immune cells in manners dependent on mechanism of transport. More specifically, active cell migration by skin-derived antigen presenting cells was enhanced by both the presence of a tumor and lymphangiogenic normalization, while both angiogenic and lymphangiogenic normalization restored patterns of immune cell access to passively draining species. As a whole, this work uncovers the potential ramifications of tumor-induced angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, along with impacts of interrogation into these pathways, on access of tumor-derived species to immune cells. Impact Statement Angiogenic and lymphangiogenic normalization strategies have been utilized clinically to interrogate tumor vasculature with some success. In the age of immunotherapy, the impacts of these therapeutic interventions on immune remodeling are unclear. This work utilizes mouse models of angiogenic and lymphangiogenic normalization, along with a system of fluorescently tagged tracers, to uncover the impacts of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis on access of tumor-derived species to immune cell subsets within various organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan J. O'Melia
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Nathan A. Rohner
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Susan Napier Thomas
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
He J, Liu Z, Zhu X, Xia H, Gao H, Lu J. Ultrasonic Microbubble Cavitation Enhanced Tissue Permeability and Drug Diffusion in Solid Tumor Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1642. [PMID: 36015267 PMCID: PMC9414228 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy has an essential role not only in advanced solid tumor therapy intervention but also in society's health at large. Chemoresistance, however, seriously restricts the efficiency and sensitivity of chemotherapeutic agents, representing a significant threat to patients' quality of life and life expectancy. How to reverse chemoresistance, improve efficacy sensitization response, and reduce adverse side effects need to be tackled urgently. Recently, studies on the effect of ultrasonic microbubble cavitation on enhanced tissue permeability and retention (EPR) have attracted the attention of researchers. Compared with the traditional targeted drug delivery regimen, the microbubble cavitation effect, which can be used to enhance the EPR effect, has the advantages of less trauma, low cost, and good sensitization effect, and has significant application prospects. This article reviews the research progress of ultrasound-mediated microbubble cavitation in the treatment of solid tumors and discusses its mechanism of action to provide new ideas for better treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jide He
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zenan Liu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xuehua Zhu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Haizhui Xia
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huile Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jian Lu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ebrahimi S, Bagchi P. Application of machine learning in predicting blood flow and red cell distribution in capillary vessel networks. J R Soc Interface 2022; 19:20220306. [PMID: 35946164 PMCID: PMC9363992 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2022.0306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Capillary blood vessels in the body partake in the exchange of gas and nutrients with tissues. They are interconnected via multiple vascular junctions forming the microvascular network. Distributions of blood flow and red cells (RBCs) in such networks are spatially uneven and vary in time. Since they dictate the pathophysiology of tissues, their knowledge is important. Theoretical models used to obtain flow and RBC distribution in large networks have limitations as they treat each vessel as a one-dimensional segment and do not explicitly consider cell-cell and cell-vessel interactions. High-fidelity computational models that accurately model each individual RBC are computationally too expensive to predict haemodynamics in large vascular networks and over a long time. Here we investigate the applicability of machine learning (ML) techniques to predict blood flow and RBC distributions in physiologically realistic vascular networks. We acquire data from high-fidelity simulations of deformable RBC suspension flowing in the networks. With the flow and haematocrit specified at an inlet of vasculature, the ML models predict the time-averaged flow rate and RBC distributions in the entire network, time-dependent flow rate and haematocrit in each vessel and vascular bifurcation in isolation over a long time, and finally, simultaneous spatially and temporally evolving quantities through the vessel hierarchy in the networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saman Ebrahimi
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Prosenjit Bagchi
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Sneider A, Kiemen A, Kim JH, Wu PH, Habibi M, White M, Phillip JM, Gu L, Wirtz D. Deep learning identification of stiffness markers in breast cancer. Biomaterials 2022; 285:121540. [PMID: 35537336 PMCID: PMC9873266 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
While essential to our understanding of solid tumor progression, the study of cell and tissue mechanics has yet to find traction in the clinic. Determining tissue stiffness, a mechanical property known to promote a malignant phenotype in vitro and in vivo, is not part of the standard algorithm for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. Instead, clinicians routinely use mammograms to identify malignant lesions and radiographically dense breast tissue is associated with an increased risk of developing cancer. Whether breast density is related to tumor tissue stiffness, and what cellular and non-cellular components of the tumor contribute the most to its stiffness are not well understood. Through training of a deep learning network and mechanical measurements of fresh patient tissue, we create a bridge in understanding between clinical and mechanical markers. The automatic identification of cellular and extracellular features from hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained slides reveals that global and local breast tissue stiffness best correlate with the percentage of straight collagen. Importantly, the percentage of dense breast tissue does not directly correlate with tissue stiffness or straight collagen content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Sneider
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Ashley Kiemen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Joo Ho Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Pei-Hsun Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Mehran Habibi
- Johns Hopkins Breast Center, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, 4940 Eastern Ave, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Marissa White
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 401 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Jude M. Phillip
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Luo Gu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Denis Wirtz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA,Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 401 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA,Corresponding author. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA., (D. Wirtz)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
A computational study of red blood cell deformability effect on hemodynamic alteration in capillary vessel networks. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4304. [PMID: 35277592 PMCID: PMC8917159 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08357-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Capillary blood vessels, the smallest vessels in the body, form an intricate network with constantly bifurcating, merging and winding vessels. Red blood cells (RBCs) must navigate through such complex microvascular networks in order to maintain tissue perfusion and oxygenation. Normal, healthy RBCs are extremely deformable and able to easily flow through narrow vessels. However, RBC deformability is reduced in many pathological conditions and during blood storage. The influence of reduced cell deformability on microvascular hemodynamics is not well established. Here we use a high-fidelity, 3D computational model of blood flow that retains exact geometric details of physiologically realistic microvascular networks, and deformation of every one of nearly a thousand RBCs flowing through the networks. We predict that reduced RBC deformability alters RBC trafficking with significant and heterogeneous changes in hematocrit. We quantify such changes along with RBC partitioning and lingering at vascular bifurcations, perfusion and vascular resistance, and wall shear stress. We elucidate the cellular-scale mechanisms that cause such changes. We show that such changes arise primarily due to the altered RBC dynamics at vascular bifurcations, as well as cross-stream migration. Less deformable cells tend to linger less at majority of bifurcations increasing the fraction of RBCs entering the higher flow branches. Changes in vascular resistance also seen to be heterogeneous and correlate with hematocrit changes. Furthermore, alteration in RBC dynamics is shown to cause localized changes in wall shear stress within vessels and near vascular bifurcations. Such heterogeneous and focal changes in hemodynamics may be the cause of morphological abnormalities in capillary vessel networks as observed in several diseases.
Collapse
|
35
|
Zabel WJ, Allam N, Foltz WD, Flueraru C, Taylor E, Vitkin IA. Bridging the macro to micro resolution gap with angiographic optical coherence tomography and dynamic contrast enhanced MRI. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3159. [PMID: 35210476 PMCID: PMC8873467 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07000-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is emerging as a valuable tool for non-invasive volumetric monitoring of the tumor vascular status and its therapeutic response. However, clinical utility of DCE-MRI is challenged by uncertainty in its ability to quantify the tumor microvasculature (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$\mu \mathrm{m}$$\end{document}μm scale) given its relatively poor spatial resolution (mm scale at best). To address this challenge, we directly compared DCE-MRI parameter maps with co-registered micron-scale-resolution speckle variance optical coherence tomography (svOCT) microvascular images in a window chamber tumor mouse model. Both semi and fully quantitative (Toft’s model) DCE-MRI metrics were tested for correlation with microvascular svOCT biomarkers. svOCT’s derived vascular volume fraction (VVF) and the mean distance to nearest vessel (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$\overline{\mathrm{DNV} }$$\end{document}DNV¯) metrics were correlated with DCE-MRI vascular biomarkers such as time to peak contrast enhancement (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$r=-0.81$$\end{document}r=-0.81 and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$0.83$$\end{document}0.83 respectively, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$P<0.0001$$\end{document}P<0.0001 for both), the area under the gadolinium-time concentration curve (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$r=0.50$$\end{document}r=0.50 and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$-0.48$$\end{document}-0.48 respectively, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$P<0.0001$$\end{document}P<0.0001 for both) and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$${k}_{trans}$$\end{document}ktrans (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$r=0.64$$\end{document}r=0.64 and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$-0.61$$\end{document}-0.61 respectively, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$P<0.0001$$\end{document}P<0.0001 for both). Several other correlated micro–macro vascular metric pairs were also noted. The microvascular insights afforded by svOCT may help improve the clinical utility of DCE-MRI for tissue functional status assessment and therapeutic response monitoring applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Jeffrey Zabel
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Nader Allam
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Warren D Foltz
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Costel Flueraru
- National Research Council Canada, Information Communication Technology, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Edward Taylor
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - I Alex Vitkin
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Daldrup-Link HE, Theruvath AJ, Rashidi A, Iv M, Majzner RG, Spunt SL, Goodman S, Moseley M. How to stop using gadolinium chelates for magnetic resonance imaging: clinical-translational experiences with ferumoxytol. Pediatr Radiol 2022; 52:354-366. [PMID: 34046709 PMCID: PMC8626538 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-021-05098-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Gadolinium chelates have been used as standard contrast agents for clinical MRI for several decades. However, several investigators recently reported that rare Earth metals such as gadolinium are deposited in the brain for months or years. This is particularly concerning for children, whose developing brain is more vulnerable to exogenous toxins compared to adults. Therefore, a search is under way for alternative MR imaging biomarkers. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved iron supplement ferumoxytol can solve this unmet clinical need: ferumoxytol consists of iron oxide nanoparticles that can be detected with MRI and provide significant T1- and T2-signal enhancement of vessels and soft tissues. Several investigators including our research group have started to use ferumoxytol off-label as a new contrast agent for MRI. This article reviews the existing literature on the biodistribution of ferumoxytol in children and compares the diagnostic accuracy of ferumoxytol- and gadolinium-chelate-enhanced MRI. Iron oxide nanoparticles represent a promising new class of contrast agents for pediatric MRI that can be metabolized and are not deposited in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heike E. Daldrup-Link
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Stanford University
| | - Ashok J. Theruvath
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University
| | - Ali Rashidi
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University
| | - Michael Iv
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University
| | - Robbie G. Majzner
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Stanford University
| | - Sheri L. Spunt
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Stanford University
| | | | - Michael Moseley
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Newsome IG, Dayton PA. Acoustic Angiography: Superharmonic Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging for Noninvasive Visualization of Microvasculature. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2393:641-655. [PMID: 34837204 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1803-5_34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic angiography is a contrast-enhanced ultrasound technique that relies on superharmonic imaging to form high-resolution, three-dimensional maps of the microvasculature. In order to obtain signal separation between tissue and contrast, acoustic angiography has been performed with dual-frequency transducers with nonoverlapping bandwidths. This enables a high contrast-to-tissue ratio, and the choice of a high frequency receiving element provides high resolution. In this chapter, we describe the technology behind acoustic angiography as well as the step-by-step implementation of this contrast enhanced microvascular imaging technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel G Newsome
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Paul A Dayton
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Senchukova MA. Issues of origin, morphology and clinical significance of tumor microvessels in gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:8262-8282. [PMID: 35068869 PMCID: PMC8717017 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i48.8262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains a serious oncological problem, ranking third in the structure of mortality from malignant neoplasms. Improving treatment outcomes for this pathology largely depends on understanding the pathogenesis and biological characteristics of GC, including the identification and characterization of diagnostic, prognostic, predictive, and therapeutic biomarkers. It is known that the main cause of death from malignant neoplasms and GC, in particular, is tumor metastasis. Given that angiogenesis is a critical process for tumor growth and metastasis, it is now considered an important marker of disease prognosis and sensitivity to anticancer therapy. In the presented review, modern concepts of the mechanisms of tumor vessel formation and the peculiarities of their morphology are considered; data on numerous factors influencing the formation of tumor microvessels and their role in GC progression are summarized; and various approaches to the classification of tumor vessels, as well as the methods for assessing angiogenesis activity in a tumor, are highlighted. Here, results from studies on the prognostic and predictive significance of tumor microvessels in GC are also discussed, and a new classification of tumor microvessels in GC, based on their morphology and clinical significance, is proposed for consideration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina A Senchukova
- Department of Oncology, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg 460021, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yu HY, Lee S, Ju H, Kim Y, Shin JH, Yun H, Ryu CM, Heo J, Lim J, Song S, Lee S, Hong KS, Chung HM, Kim JK, Choo MS, Shin DM. Intravital imaging and single cell transcriptomic analysis for engraftment of mesenchymal stem cells in an animal model of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. Biomaterials 2021; 280:121277. [PMID: 34861510 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is a promising treatment for various intractable disorders including interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). However, an analysis of fundamental characteristics driving in vivo behaviors of transplanted cells has not been performed, causing debates about rational use and efficacy of MSC therapy. Here, we implemented two-photon intravital imaging and single cell transcriptome analysis to evaluate the in vivo behaviors of engrafted multipotent MSCs (M-MSCs) derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in an acute IC/BPS animal model. Two-photon imaging analysis was performed to visualize the dynamic association between engrafted M-MSCs and bladder vasculature within live animals until 28 days after transplantation, demonstrating the progressive integration of transplanted M-MSCs into a perivascular-like structure. Single cell transcriptome analysis was performed in highly purified engrafted cells after a dual MACS-FACS sorting procedure and revealed expression changes in various pathways relating to pericyte cell adhesion and cellular stress. Particularly, FOS and cyclin dependent kinase-1 (CDK1) played a key role in modulating the migration, engraftment, and anti-inflammatory functions of M-MSCs, which determined their in vivo therapeutic potency. Collectively, this approach provides an overview of engrafted M-MSC behavior in vivo, which will advance our understanding of MSC therapeutic applications, efficacy, and safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hwan Yeul Yu
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; ToolGen Inc., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seungun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Physiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyein Ju
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Physiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youngkyu Kim
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Shin
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - HongDuck Yun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Physiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chae-Min Ryu
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinbeom Heo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Physiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jisun Lim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Physiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sujin Song
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Physiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sanghwa Lee
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ki-Sung Hong
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea; Mirae Cell Bio Co., Ltd., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Min Chung
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea; Mirae Cell Bio Co., Ltd., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun Ki Kim
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myung-Soo Choo
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Dong-Myung Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Physiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Diehl V, Huber LS, Trebicka J, Wygrecka M, Iozzo RV, Schaefer L. The Role of Decorin and Biglycan Signaling in Tumorigenesis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:801801. [PMID: 34917515 PMCID: PMC8668865 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.801801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex and adaptive nature of malignant neoplasm constitute a major challenge for the development of effective anti-oncogenic therapies. Emerging evidence has uncovered the pivotal functions exerted by the small leucine-rich proteoglycans, decorin and biglycan, in affecting tumor growth and progression. In their soluble forms, decorin and biglycan act as powerful signaling molecules. By receptor-mediated signal transduction, both proteoglycans modulate key processes vital for tumor initiation and progression, such as autophagy, inflammation, cell-cycle, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Despite of their structural homology, these two proteoglycans interact with distinct cell surface receptors and thus modulate distinct signaling pathways that ultimately affect cancer development. In this review, we summarize growing evidence for the complex roles of decorin and biglycan signaling in tumor biology and address potential novel therapeutic implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Diehl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lisa Sophie Huber
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jonel Trebicka
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Malgorzata Wygrecka
- Center for Infection and Genomics of the Lung, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Renato V. Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhu Y, Zhou Y, Jiang H, Chen Z, Lu B. Analysis of core genes for colorectal cancer prognosis based on immune and stromal scores. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12452. [PMID: 34820188 PMCID: PMC8607933 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies.An early diagnosis and an accurate prognosis are major focuses of CRC research. Tumor microenvironment cells and the extent of infiltrating immune and stromal cells contribute significantly to the tumor prognosis. Methods Immune and stromal scores were calculated based on the ESTIMATE algorithm using the sample expression profile of the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. GSE102479 was used as the validation database. Differentially expressed genes whose expression was significantly associated with the prognosis of CRC patients were identified based on the immune matrix score. Survival analysis was conducted on the union of the differentially expressed genes. A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database to identify the closely connected modules. To conduct functional enrichment analysis of the relevant genes, GO and KEGG pathway analyses were performed with Cluster Profiler. Pivot analysis of the ncRNAs and TFs was performed by using the RAID2.0 database and TRRUST v2 database. TF-mRNA regulatory relationships were analyzed in the TRRUST V2 database. Hubgene targeting relationships were screened in the TargetScan, miRTarBase and miRDB databases. The SNV data of the hub genes were analyzed by using the R maftools package. A ROC curve was drawn based on the TCGA database. The proportion of immune cells was estimated using CIBERSORT and the LM22 feature matrix. Results The results showed that the matrix score was significantly correlated with colorectal cancer stage T. A total of 789 differentially expressed genes and 121 survival-related prognostic genes were identified. The PPI network showed that 22 core genes were related to the CRC prognosis. Furthermore, four ncRNAs that regulated the core prognosis genes, 11 TFs with regulatory effects on the core prognosis genes, and two drugs, quercetin and pseudoephedrine, that have regulatory effects on colorectal cancer were also identified. Conclusions We obtained a list of tumor microenvironment-related genes for CRC patients. These genes could be useful for determining the prognosis of CRC patients. To confirm the function of these genes, additional experiments are necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - HongGang Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - ZhiHeng Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - BoHao Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Li Z, Ning F, Wang C, Yu H, Ma Q, Sun Y. Normalization of the tumor microvasculature based on targeting and modulation of the tumor microenvironment. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:17254-17271. [PMID: 34651623 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03387e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an essential process for tumor development. Owing to the imbalance between pro- and anti-angiogenic factors, the tumor vasculature possesses the characteristics of tortuous, hyperpermeable vessels and compressive force, resulting in a reduction in the effect of traditional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Anti-angiogenesis has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer treatment. Tumor angiogenesis, however, has been proved to be a complex process in which the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a vital role in the initiation and development of the tumor microvasculature. The host stromal cells in the TME, such as cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and Treg cells, contribute to angiogenesis. Furthermore, the abnormal metabolic environment, such as hypoxia and acidosis, leads to the up-regulated expression of angiogenic factors. Indeed, normalization of the tumor microvasculature via targeting and modulating the TME has become a promising strategy for anti-angiogenesis and anti-tumor therapy. In this review, we summarize the abnormalities of the tumor microvasculature, tumor angiogenesis induced by an abnormal metabolic environment and host stromal cells, as well as drug delivery therapies to restore the balance between pro- and anti-angiogenic factors by targeting and normalizing the tumor vasculature in the TME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Fang Ning
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Changduo Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Hongli Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Qingming Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zhu L, Jiang M, Wang H, Sun H, Zhu J, Zhao W, Fang Q, Yu J, Chen P, Wu S, Zheng Z, He Y. A narrative review of tumor heterogeneity and challenges to tumor drug therapy. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1351. [PMID: 34532488 PMCID: PMC8422119 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-1948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objective To accurately evaluate tumor heterogeneity, make multidimensional diagnosis according to the causes and phenotypes of tumor heterogeneity, and assist in the individualized treatment of tumors. Background Tumor heterogeneity is one of the most essential characteristics of malignant tumors. In tumor recurrence, development, and evolution, tumor heterogeneity can lead to the formation of different cell groups with other molecular characteristics. Tumor heterogeneity can be characterized by the uneven distribution of tumor cell subsets of other genes between and within the disease site (spatial heterogeneity) or the time change of cancer cell molecular composition (temporal heterogeneity). The discovery of tumor targeting drugs has dramatically promoted tumor therapy. However, the existence of heterogeneity seriously affects the effect of tumor treatment and the prognosis of patients. Methods The literature discussing tumor heterogeneity and its resistance to tumor therapy was broadly searched to analyze tumor heterogeneity as well as the challenges and solutions for gene detection and tumor drug therapy. Conclusions Tumor heterogeneity is affected by many factors consist of internal cell factors and cell microenvironment. Tumor heterogeneity greatly hinders effective and individualized tumor treatment. Understanding the fickle of tumors in multiple dimensions and flexibly using a variety of detection methods to capture the changes of tumors can help to improve the design of diagnosis and treatment plans for cancer and benefit millions of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhu
- Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Minlin Jiang
- Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wencheng Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiyu Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peixin Chen
- Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengyu Wu
- Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zixuan Zheng
- Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yayi He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wu JW, Jung Y, Yeh SCA, Seo Y, Runnels JM, Burns CS, Mizoguchi T, Ito K, Spencer JA, Lin CP. Intravital fluorescence microscopy with negative contrast. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255204. [PMID: 34351959 PMCID: PMC8341626 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in intravital microscopy (IVM) have enabled the studies of cellular organization and dynamics in the native microenvironment of intact organisms with minimal perturbation. The abilities to track specific cell populations and monitor their interactions have opened up new horizons for visualizing cell biology in vivo, yet the success of standard fluorescence cell labeling approaches for IVM comes with a "dark side" in that unlabeled cells are invisible, leaving labeled cells or structures to appear isolated in space, devoid of their surroundings and lacking proper biological context. Here we describe a novel method for "filling in the void" by harnessing the ubiquity of extracellular (interstitial) fluid and its ease of fluorescence labelling by commonly used vascular and lymphatic tracers. We show that during routine labeling of the vasculature and lymphatics for IVM, commonly used fluorescent tracers readily perfuse the interstitial spaces of the bone marrow (BM) and the lymph node (LN), outlining the unlabeled cells and forming negative contrast images that complement standard (positive) cell labeling approaches. The method is simple yet powerful, offering a comprehensive view of the cellular landscape such as cell density and spatial distribution, as well as dynamic processes such as cell motility and transmigration across the vascular endothelium. The extracellular localization of the dye and the interstitial flow provide favorable conditions for prolonged Intravital time lapse imaging with minimal toxicity and photobleaching.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juwell W. Wu
- Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yookyung Jung
- Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shu-Chi A. Yeh
- Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yongwan Seo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Judith M. Runnels
- Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Christian S. Burns
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- NSF-CREST Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Machines and the Health Science Research Institute, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Toshihide Mizoguchi
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Departments of Cell Biology and Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ito
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Departments of Cell Biology and Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Joel A. Spencer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- NSF-CREST Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Machines and the Health Science Research Institute, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Charles P. Lin
- Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
[Perfusion analysis in parotid gland tumors using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)]. HNO 2021; 70:51-59. [PMID: 34160626 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-021-01077-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The diagnosis of parotid gland tumors is challenging due to their rarity and heterogenity. Neither conventional ultrasound nor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) nor computed tomography (CT) allow a reliable pretherapeutic diagnosis. In addition to conventional ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) enables a more detailed assessment of perfusion in parotid gland tumors, thereby improving evaluation of this tumor entity. Extensive studies with analysis of perfusion characteristics in different regions of interest (ROI) in parotid gland tumors are currently lacking. This study analysed and compared perfusion parameters in different intratumoral areas of malignant and benign parotid gland tumors using CEUS. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 100 patients with tumors in the parotid gland were examined using B‑mode sonography, colour Doppler sonography and CEUS. The parameters magnitude, echogenicity, demarcation, vascularisation and in particular perfusion characteristics were measured and analysed. Analysis of quantitative CEUS parameters was performed using a specific method for perfusion analysis with certain ROI, which were allocated in a standardized manner in the entire parotid gland tumors. The perfusion parameters were compared between intratumoral ROI in the tumors and between particular tumor entities. Qualitative CEUS analysis with an estimation of perfusion patterns was additionally performed. RESULTS Histologically benign tumors were found in 92 cases, and malignant tumors in eight cases. CEUS analysis of perfusion patterns revealed a centripetal perfusion pattern in malignant tumors significantly more frequently than in benign tumors. In the perfusion analysis of quantitative CEUS parameters, all tumors showed higher perfusion intensities in the peripheral ROI. In benign tumors, more differences in perfusion intensity between the intratumoral ROIs were detected compared to malignant tumors. CONCLUSION The perfusion parameters (centripetal perfusion pattern; area under the curve) evaluated in this study have the potential to improve pretherapeutic diagnostics of parotid gland tumors in terms of differentiation of tumor entity. Further studies with larger patient cohorts are required for subsequent investigation and validation of the diagnostic accuracy of particular parameters to detect perfusion patterns potentially specific to particular tumor entities.
Collapse
|
46
|
Yin H, Arpino JM, Lee JJ, Pickering JG. Regenerated Microvascular Networks in Ischemic Skeletal Muscle. Front Physiol 2021; 12:662073. [PMID: 34177614 PMCID: PMC8231913 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.662073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is the largest organ in humans. The viability and performance of this metabolically demanding organ are exquisitely dependent on the integrity of its microcirculation. The architectural and functional attributes of the skeletal muscle microvasculature are acquired during embryonic and early postnatal development. However, peripheral vascular disease in the adult can damage the distal microvasculature, together with damaging the skeletal myofibers. Importantly, adult skeletal muscle has the capacity to regenerate. Understanding the extent to which the microvascular network also reforms, and acquires structural and functional competence, will thus be critical to regenerative medicine efforts for those with peripheral artery disease (PAD). Herein, we discuss recent advances in studying the regenerating microvasculature in the mouse hindlimb following severe ischemic injury. We highlight new insights arising from real-time imaging of the microcirculation. This includes identifying otherwise hidden flaws in both network microarchitecture and function, deficiencies that could underlie the progressive nature of PAD and its refractoriness to therapy. Recognizing and overcoming these vulnerabilities in regenerative angiogenesis will be important for advancing treatment options for PAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yin
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | | | - Jason J Lee
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - J Geoffrey Pickering
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Choo YW, Jeong J, Jung K. Recent advances in intravital microscopy for investigation of dynamic cellular behavior in vivo. BMB Rep 2021. [PMID: 32475382 PMCID: PMC7396917 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2020.53.7.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, most biological research relies on conventional experimental techniques that allow only static analyses at certain time points in vitro or ex vivo. However, if one could visualize cellular dynamics in living organisms, that would provide a unique opportunity to study key biological phenomena in vivo. Intravital microscopy (IVM) encompasses diverse optical systems for direct viewing of objects, including biological structures and individual cells in live animals. With the current development of devices and techniques, IVM addresses important questions in various fields of biological and biomedical sciences. In this mini-review, we provide a general introduction to IVM and examples of recent applications in the field of immunology, oncology, and vascular biology. We also introduce an advanced type of IVM, dubbed real-time IVM, equipped with video-rate resonant scanning. Since the real-time IVM can render cellular dynamics with high temporal resolution in vivo, it allows visualization and analysis of rapid biological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Woong Choo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Juhee Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Keehoon Jung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080; Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 03080, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
Several non-redundant features of the tumour microenvironment facilitate immunosuppression and limit anticancer immune responses. These include physical barriers to immune infiltration, the recruitment of suppressive immune cells and the upregulation of ligands on tumour cells that bind to inhibitory receptors on immune cells. Recent insights into the importance of the metabolic restrictions imposed by the tumour microenvironment on antitumour T cells have begun to inform immunotherapeutic anticancer strategies. Therapeutics that target metabolic restrictions, such as low glucose levels, a low pH, hypoxia and the generation of suppressive metabolites, have shown promise as combination therapies for different types of cancer. In this Review, we discuss the metabolic aspects of the antitumour T cell response in the context of immune checkpoint blockade, adoptive cell therapy and treatment with oncolytic viruses, and discuss emerging combination strategies.
Collapse
|
49
|
Park M, Kim JW, Kim KM, Kang S, Kim W, Kim JK, Cho Y, Lee H, Baek MC, Bae JH, Lee SH, Jeong SB, Lim SC, Jun DW, Cho SY, Kim Y, Choi YJ, Kang KW. Circulating Small Extracellular Vesicles Activate TYRO3 to Drive Cancer Metastasis and Chemoresistance. Cancer Res 2021; 81:3539-3553. [PMID: 33910929 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) in the tumor microenvironment have emerged as crucial mediators that promote proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance. However, the role of circulating small EVs (csEV) in cancer progression remains poorly understood. In this study, we report that csEV facilitate cancer progression and determine its molecular mechanism. csEVs strongly promoted the migration of cancer cells via interaction with phosphatidylserine of csEVs. Among the three TAM receptors, TYRO3, AXL, and MerTK, TYRO3 mainly interacted with csEVs. csEV-mediated TYRO3 activation promoted migration and metastasis via the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stimulation of RhoA in invasive cancer cells. Additionally, csEV-TYRO3 interaction induced YAP activation, which led to increased cell proliferation and chemoresistance. Combination treatment with gefitinib and KRCT-6j, a selective TYRO3 inhibitor, significantly reduced tumor volume in xenografts implanted with gefitinib-resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells. The results of this study show that TYRO3 activation by csEVs facilitates cancer cell migration and chemoresistance by activation of RhoA or YAP, indicating that the csEV/TYRO3 interaction may serve as a potential therapeutic target for aggressive cancers in the clinic. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings demonstrate that circulating extracellular vesicles are a novel driver in migration and survival of aggressive cancer cells via TYRO3 activation. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/81/13/3539/F1.large.jpg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miso Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Kyu Min Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Natural Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungmin Kang
- Department of Life Science, Division of Molecular and Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- KaiPharm, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wankyu Kim
- Department of Life Science, Division of Molecular and Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ki Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngnam Cho
- Biomarker Branch, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungjae Lee
- Biomarker Branch, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Chang Baek
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyun Bae
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Baek Jeong
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Lim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Won Jun
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yun Cho
- Department of Drug Discovery, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonji Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong June Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon Wook Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Rahmanian M, Seyfoori A, Ghasemi M, Shamsi M, Kolahchi AR, Modarres HP, Sanati-Nezhad A, Majidzadeh-A K. In-vitro tumor microenvironment models containing physical and biological barriers for modelling multidrug resistance mechanisms and multidrug delivery strategies. J Control Release 2021; 334:164-177. [PMID: 33895200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The complexity and heterogeneity of the three-dimensional (3D) tumor microenvironment have brought challenges to tumor studies and cancer treatment. The complex functions and interactions of cells involved in tumor microenvironment have led to various multidrug resistance (MDR) and raised challenges for cancer treatment. Traditional tumor models are limited in their ability to simulate the resistance mechanisms and not conducive to the discovery of multidrug resistance and delivery processes. New technologies for making 3D tissue models have shown the potential to simulate the 3D tumor microenvironment and identify mechanisms underlying the MDR. This review overviews the main barriers against multidrug delivery in the tumor microenvironment and highlights the advances in microfluidic-based tumor models with the success in simulating several drug delivery barriers. It also presents the progress in modeling various genetic and epigenetic factors involved in regulating the tumor microenvironment as a noticeable insight in 3D microfluidic tumor models for recognizing multidrug resistance and delivery mechanisms. Further correlation between the results obtained from microfluidic drug resistance tumor models and the clinical MDR data would open up avenues to gain insight into the performance of different multidrug delivery treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Rahmanian
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran 1517964311, Iran
| | - Amir Seyfoori
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran 1517964311, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ghasemi
- Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center (BCRC), Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran 1517964311, Iran
| | - Milad Shamsi
- Center for BioEngineering Research and Education (CBRE), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada; BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Ahmad Rezaei Kolahchi
- BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Hassan Pezeshgi Modarres
- BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Amir Sanati-Nezhad
- Center for BioEngineering Research and Education (CBRE), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada; BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Keivan Majidzadeh-A
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran 1517964311, Iran; Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center (BCRC), Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran 1517964311, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|