1
|
Betekhtina AA, Reutova NA, Veselkin DV. Plants of Different Monocot Families Differ in Nitrogen and Phosphorus Contents in Leaves. DOKLADY BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SECTIONS 2024; 517:59-62. [PMID: 38955883 DOI: 10.1134/s001249662470100x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The folia content of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) were studied in five monocot families: Amaryllidaceae, Cyperaceae, Iridaceae, Orchidacea, and Poaceae. The species of different monocot families were found to have different amount of N and P and their ratio in the leaves. The lowest N content was in Iridaceae and the highest was in Amaryllidaceae. The lowest P content was in Cyperaceae and Poaceae while the highest was in Amaryllidaceae and Iridaceae. A minimum N/P ratio was observed in Iridaceae; a maximum N/P ratio, was in Poaceae. Thus, certain specifics were detected in the content of N and P and their ratio in the monocot families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - N A Reutova
- Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - D V Veselkin
- Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zheng J, Freschet GT, Tedersoo L, Li S, Yan H, Jiang L, Wang H, Ma N, Dai X, Fu X, Kou L. A trait-based root acquisition-defence-decomposition framework in angiosperm tree species. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5311. [PMID: 38906891 PMCID: PMC11192760 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49666-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
To adapt to the complex belowground environment, plants make trade-offs between root resource acquisition and defence ability. This includes forming partnerships with different types of root associating microorganisms, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal fungi. These trade-offs, by mediating root chemistry, exert legacy effects on nutrient release during decomposition, which may, in turn, affect the ability of new roots to re-acquire resources, thereby generating a feedback loop. However, the linkages at the basis of this potential feedback loop remain largely unquantified. Here, we propose a trait-based root 'acquisition-defence-decomposition' conceptual framework and test the strength of relevant linkages across 90 angiosperm tree species. We show that, at the plant species level, the root-fungal symbiosis gradient within the root economics space, root chemical defence (condensed tannins), and root decomposition rate are closely linked, providing support to this framework. Beyond the dichotomy between arbuscular mycorrhizal-dominated versus ectomycorrhizal-dominated systems, we suggest a continuous shift in feedback loops, from 'high arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis-low defence-fast decomposition-inorganic nutrition' by evolutionarily ancient taxa to 'high ectomycorrhizal symbiosis-high defence-slow decomposition-organic nutrition' by more modern taxa. This 'acquisition-defence-decomposition' framework provides a foundation for testable hypotheses on multidimensional linkages between species' belowground strategies and ecosystem nutrient cycling in an evolutionary context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | | | - Leho Tedersoo
- Mycology and Microbiology Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shenggong Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Han Yan
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Biologie, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoqin Dai
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiaoli Fu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Liang Kou
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang M, Kong D, Mo X, Wang Y, Yang Q, Kardol P, Valverde-Barrantes OJ, Simpson MJ, Zeng H, Reich PB, Bergmann J, Tharayil N, Wang J. Molecular-level carbon traits underlie the multidimensional fine root economics space. NATURE PLANTS 2024; 10:901-909. [PMID: 38740944 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-024-01700-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Carbon influences the evolution and functioning of plants and their roots. Previous work examining a small number of commonly measured root traits has revealed a global multidimensionality of the resource economics traits in fine roots considering carbon as primary currency but without considering the diversity of carbon-related traits. To address this knowledge gap, we use data from 66 tree species from a tropical forest to illustrate that root economics space co-varies with a novel molecular-level traits space based on nuclear magnetic resonance. Thinner fine roots exhibit higher proportions of carbohydrates and lower diversity of molecular carbon than thicker roots. Mass-denser fine roots have more lignin and aromatic carbon compounds but less bioactive carbon compounds than lighter roots. Thus, the transition from thin to thick fine roots implies a shift in the root carbon economy from 'do-it-yourself' soil exploration to collaboration with mycorrhizal fungi, while the shift from light to dense fine roots emphasizes a shift from acquisitive to conservative root strategy. We reveal a previously undocumented role of molecular-level carbon traits that potentially undergird the multidimensional root economics space. This finding offers new molecular insight into the diversity of root form and function, which is fundamental to our understanding of plant evolution, species coexistence and adaptations to heterogeneous environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Deliang Kong
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Xiaohan Mo
- School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yinghui Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingpei Yang
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Paul Kardol
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Oscar J Valverde-Barrantes
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Center for Tropical Biodiversity, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Myrna J Simpson
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hui Zeng
- School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Peter B Reich
- Department of Forest Resources University of Minnesota St, Paul, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Institute for Global Change Biology and School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
| | - Joana Bergmann
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Nishanth Tharayil
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Junjian Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Huang K, De Long JR, Yan X, Wang X, Wang C, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Wang P, Du G, van Kleunen M, Guo H. Why are graminoid species more dominant? Trait-mediated plant-soil feedbacks shape community composition. Ecology 2024; 105:e4295. [PMID: 38723655 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Species traits may determine plant interactions along with soil microbiome, further shaping plant-soil feedbacks (PSFs). However, how plant traits modulate PSFs and, consequently, the dominance of plant functional groups remains unclear. We used a combination of field surveys and a two-phase PSF experiment to investigate whether forbs and graminoids differed in PSFs and in their trait-PSF associations. When grown in forb-conditioned soils, forbs experienced stronger negative feedbacks, while graminoids experienced positive feedbacks. Graminoid-conditioned soil resulted in neutral PSFs for both functional types. Forbs with thin roots and small seeds showed more-negative PSFs than those with thick roots and large seeds. Conversely, graminoids with acquisitive root and leaf traits (i.e., thin roots and thin leaves) demonstrated greater positive PSFs than graminoids with thick roots and tough leaves. By distinguishing overall and soil biota-mediated PSFs, we found that the associations between plant traits and PSFs within both functional groups were mainly mediated by soil biota. A simulation model demonstrated that such differences in PSFs could lead to a dominance of graminoids over forbs in natural plant communities, which might explain why graminoids dominate in grasslands. Our study provides new insights into the differentiation and adaptation of plant life-history strategies under selection pressures imposed by soil biota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kailing Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Jonathan R De Long
- Department of Ecosystem and Landscape Dynamics, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED-ELD), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Xuebin Yan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunlong Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guozhen Du
- College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mark van Kleunen
- Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Hui Guo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cantarel AAM, Signoret A, Gervaix J, Beligon C, Béraud C, Boisselet C, Creuzé des Châtelliers C, Defour P, Delort A, Lacroix E, Lobreau C, Louvez E, Marais C, Simonin M, Piola F. Biological inhibition of denitrification (BDI): an early plant strategy for Fallopia × bohemica seedling development. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2024; 133:533-546. [PMID: 37970962 PMCID: PMC11037488 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The successful plant Fallopia × bohemica presents interesting capacities for control of the soil nitrogen cycle at the adult stage, termed biological inhibition of denitrification (BDI). The BDI strategy allows the plant, via the production of secondary metabolites (procyanidins), to compete with the denitrifying microbial community and to divert nitrate from the soil for its benefit. In this study, we analysed whether seedlings of F. × bohemica can implement BDI at the seedling stage. We also determined whether soil nitrogen availability influences the implementation of BDI and seedling growth. METHODS We sowed achenes of F. × bohemica in soils representing a nitrogen gradient (six treatments) and harvested seedlings after 20 or 40 days of growth. The denitrification and related microbial communities (i.e. functional gene abundances of nirK and nirS), soil parameters (nitrate content and humidity) and plant performance (biomass, growth and root morphology) were determined. KEY RESULTS On soil without addition of nitrogen, BDI was observed after 20 days of growth, whereas a stimulation of denitrification was found after 40 days. The increase of soil N content had few effects on the activity and structure of the soil denitrifying community and on the plant biomasses or the relative growth rates. Correlations between plant and microbial parameters were observed after 20 days of growth, reflecting early and strong chemical interactions between plants and the denitrifying community, which decreased with plant growth after 40 days. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that an early BDI enhances the efficiency of nitrogen acquisition in the first weeks of growth, allowing for a conservative root strategy after 40 days. This switch to a conservative strategy involved resource storage, an altered allocation to above- and below-ground parts and an investment in fine roots. It now seems clear that this storage strategy starts at a very young age with early establishment of BDI, giving this clonal plant exceptional capacities for storage and multiplication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amélie A M Cantarel
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire d’Ecologie Microbienne LEM, UMR 5557 CNRS, UMR 1418 INRAE, VetAgro Sup, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aymeric Signoret
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire d’Ecologie Microbienne LEM, UMR 5557 CNRS, UMR 1418 INRAE, VetAgro Sup, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire des Ecosystèmes et Hydosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés LEHNA, ENTPE, UMR 5023 CNRS, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jonathan Gervaix
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire d’Ecologie Microbienne LEM, UMR 5557 CNRS, UMR 1418 INRAE, VetAgro Sup, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Chiquitta Beligon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire des Ecosystèmes et Hydosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés LEHNA, ENTPE, UMR 5023 CNRS, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Cédric Béraud
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire d’Ecologie Microbienne LEM, UMR 5557 CNRS, UMR 1418 INRAE, VetAgro Sup, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire des Ecosystèmes et Hydosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés LEHNA, ENTPE, UMR 5023 CNRS, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Christelle Boisselet
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire des Ecosystèmes et Hydosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés LEHNA, ENTPE, UMR 5023 CNRS, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Charline Creuzé des Châtelliers
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire d’Ecologie Microbienne LEM, UMR 5557 CNRS, UMR 1418 INRAE, VetAgro Sup, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Pauline Defour
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire d’Ecologie Microbienne LEM, UMR 5557 CNRS, UMR 1418 INRAE, VetAgro Sup, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Abigaïl Delort
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire d’Ecologie Microbienne LEM, UMR 5557 CNRS, UMR 1418 INRAE, VetAgro Sup, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Elise Lacroix
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Plateforme ‘Serre et Chambres Climatiques’, FR BioEEnVis, Domaine scientifique de la DOUA, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Clément Lobreau
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire d’Ecologie Microbienne LEM, UMR 5557 CNRS, UMR 1418 INRAE, VetAgro Sup, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire des Ecosystèmes et Hydosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés LEHNA, ENTPE, UMR 5023 CNRS, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Enzo Louvez
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire d’Ecologie Microbienne LEM, UMR 5557 CNRS, UMR 1418 INRAE, VetAgro Sup, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Coralie Marais
- University of Angers, Institut Agro, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Marie Simonin
- University of Angers, Institut Agro, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Florence Piola
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire des Ecosystèmes et Hydosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés LEHNA, ENTPE, UMR 5023 CNRS, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu Q, Chen Y, Chen Y. Nitrogen acquisition strategy shifts with tree age depending on root functional traits and soil properties in Larix principis-rupprechtii plantations. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1358367. [PMID: 38533407 PMCID: PMC10964345 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1358367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Variation in plant nitrogen uptake rate and substrate preference is complicated due to the combined influence of abiotic and biotic factors. For the same species of tree across different ages, the interactions between root structural traits, nitrogen uptake rate, and soil environment have not been fully characterized, a situation that constrains our understanding of underground resource strategies employed by trees at different ages. Methods In the present study, we examined the nitrogen uptake rate, mycorrhiza, morphology, architecture, and chemistry of the roots of Larix principis-rupprechtii in a chronosequence (aged 18, 27, 37, 46, and 57 years) in the Saihanba Mechanical Forest Farm in Northern China. Results L. principis-rupprechtii preferred to absorb ammonium, followed in order by glycine and nitrate. The ammonium uptake rate of L. principis-rupprechtii significantly decreased (aged 18-37 years) and then increased (aged 46-57 years) with tree age. The glycine, nitrate, and total nitrogen uptake rates decreased with tree age. The root resource acquisition strategy appeared to shift from an acquisitive strategy to a conservative strategy associated with increasing tree age. Discussion Along the root-mycorrhizal collaboration gradient, the younger L. principis-rupprechtii relied more on their own root morphology and physiology to acquire resources, adopting a "do it yourself" strategy comprising increasing the specific root length, the specific root area, and the N uptake rate (nitrate and glycine). Conversely, older trees depended more on mycorrhizal partners to acquire nitrogen resources, an "outsourcing" strategy. The results contribute to our understanding of underground resource-use strategies of plants and the nitrogen cycle in forest ecosystems according to stand age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianyuan Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, School of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Geography Postdoctoral Research Station at Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yaxuan Chen
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, School of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanmei Chen
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, School of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Caporale AG, Paradiso R, Palladino M, Arouna N, Izzo L, Ritieni A, De Pascale S, Adamo P. Assessment of Fertility Dynamics and Nutritional Quality of Potato Tubers in a Compost-Amended Mars Regolith Simulant. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:747. [PMID: 38475593 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Mars exploration will foresee the design of bioregenerative life support systems (BLSSs), in which the use/recycle of in situ resources might allow the production of food crops. However, cultivation on the poorly-fertile Mars regolith will be very challenging. To pursue this goal, we grew potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plants on the MMS-1 Mojave Mars regolith simulant, pure (R100) and mixed with green compost at 30% (R70C30), in a pot in a cold glasshouse with fertigation. For comparison purposes, we also grew plants on a fluvial sand, pure (S100) and amended with 30% of compost (S70C30), a volcanic soil (VS) and a red soil (RS). We studied the fertility dynamics in the substrates over time and the tuber nutritional quality. We investigated nutrient bioavailability and fertility indicators in the substrates and the quality of potato tubers. Plants completed the life cycle on R100 and produced scarce but nutritious tubers, despite many critical simulant properties. The compost supply enhanced the MMS-1 chemical/physical fertility and determined a higher tuber yield of better nutritional quality. This study demonstrated that a compost-amended Mars simulant could be a proper substrate to produce food crops in BLSSs, enabling it to provide similar ecosystem services of the studied terrestrial soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Giandonato Caporale
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Piazza Carlo di Borbone 1, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Roberta Paradiso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Piazza Carlo di Borbone 1, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Mario Palladino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Piazza Carlo di Borbone 1, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Nafiou Arouna
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Piazza Carlo di Borbone 1, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Luana Izzo
- Department of Farmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Ritieni
- Department of Farmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania De Pascale
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Piazza Carlo di Borbone 1, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Paola Adamo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Piazza Carlo di Borbone 1, 80055 Portici, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mueller KE, Kray JA, Blumenthal DM. Coordination of leaf, root, and seed traits shows the importance of whole plant economics in two semiarid grasslands. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:2410-2422. [PMID: 38214451 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Uncertainty persists within trait-based ecology, partly because few studies assess multiple axes of functional variation and their effect on plant performance. For 55 species from two semiarid grasslands, we quantified: (1) covariation between economic traits of leaves and absorptive roots, (2) covariation among economic traits, plant height, leaf size, and seed mass, and (3) relationships between these traits and species' abundance. Pairs of analogous leaf and root traits were at least weakly positively correlated (e.g. specific leaf area (SLA) and specific root length (SRL)). Two pairs of such traits, N content and DMC of leaves and roots, were at least moderately correlated (r > 0.5) whether species were grouped by site, taxonomic group and growth form, or life history. Root diameter was positively correlated with seed mass for all groups of species except annuals and monocots. Species with higher leaf dry matter content (LDMC) tended to be more abundant (r = 0.63). Annuals with larger seeds were more abundant (r = 0.69). Compared with global-scale syntheses with many observations from mesic ecosystems, we observed stronger correlations between analogous leaf and root traits, weaker correlations between SLA and leaf N, and stronger correlations between SRL and root N. In dry grasslands, plant persistence may require coordination of above- and belowground traits, and dense tissues may facilitate dominance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin E Mueller
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, 44115, USA
| | - Julie A Kray
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Rangeland Resources & Systems Research, Fort Collins, CO, 80526, USA
| | - Dana M Blumenthal
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Rangeland Resources & Systems Research, Fort Collins, CO, 80526, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang F, Li T, Zhang R, Wang J, Xu M, Guo H, Niu S, Tian D. Extreme precipitation causes divergent responses of root respiration to nitrogen enrichment in an alpine meadow. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168568. [PMID: 37979856 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Grassland roots are fundamental to obtain the most limiting soil water and nitrogen (N) resources. However, this natural pattern could be significantly changed by recent co-occurrence of N deposition and extreme precipitations, likely with complex interactions on grassland root production and respiration. Despite this nonlinearity, we still know little about how extreme precipitation change nonlinearly regulates the responses of root respiration to N enrichment. Here, we conducted a 6-year experiment of N addition in an alpine meadow, coincidently experiencing extreme precipitations among experimental years. Our results demonstrated that root respiration showed divergent responses to N addition along with extreme precipitation changes among years. Under normal rainfall year, root respiration was significantly stimulated by N addition, whereas it was depressed under high or low water. Moreover, we revealed that both root biomass and traits (i.e. specific root length) were critical mechanisms in affecting root respiration response, but their relative importance changed with water condition. For example, specific root length and specific root respiration were more dominant than root biomass in determining root respiration response under low water, or vice versa. Overall, this study comprehensively reveals the nonlinearity of root respiration responses to the interactions of N enrichment and extreme water change. These new findings help to reconcile previously conflicting results that obtain in a specific episode of water gradient, with important implications for understanding grassland belowground carbon dynamics in facing combined N deposition and extreme precipitation events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Furong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruiyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jinsong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Meng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongbo Guo
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuli Niu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dashuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jin X, Zhu J, Wei X, Xiao Q, Xiao J, Jiang L, Xu D, Shen C, Liu J, He Z. Adaptation Strategies of Seedling Root Response to Nitrogen and Phosphorus Addition. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:536. [PMID: 38498541 PMCID: PMC10892864 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The escalation of global nitrogen deposition levels has heightened the inhibitory impact of phosphorus limitation on plant growth in subtropical forests. Plant roots area particularly sensitive tissue to nitrogen and phosphorus elements. Changes in the morphological characteristics of plant roots signify alterations in adaptive strategies. However, our understanding of resource-use strategies of roots in this environment remains limited. In this study, we conducted a 10-month experiment at the Castanopsis kawakamii Nature Reserve to evaluate the response of traits of seedling roots (such as specific root length, average diameter, nitrogen content, and phosphorus content) to nitrogen and phosphorus addition. The aim was to reveal the adaptation strategies of roots in different nitrogen and phosphorus addition concentrations. The results showed that: (1) The single phosphorus and nitrogen-phosphorus interaction addition increased the specific root length, surface area, and root phosphorus content. In addition, single nitrogen addition promotes an increase in the average root diameter. (2) Non-nitrogen phosphorus addition and single nitrogen addition tended to adopt a conservative resource-use strategy to maintain growth under low phosphorus conditions. (3) Under the single phosphorus addition and interactive addition of phosphorus and nitrogen, the roots adopted an acquisitive resource-use strategy to obtain more available phosphorus resources. Accordingly, the adaptation strategy of seedling roots can be regulated by adding appropriate concentrations of nitrogen or phosphorus, thereby promoting the natural regeneration of subtropical forests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Jin
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.J.); (J.Z.); (X.W.); (Q.X.); (J.X.); (L.J.); (D.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Statistics in Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.J.); (J.Z.); (X.W.); (Q.X.); (J.X.); (L.J.); (D.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Statistics in Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xin Wei
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.J.); (J.Z.); (X.W.); (Q.X.); (J.X.); (L.J.); (D.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Statistics in Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qianru Xiao
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.J.); (J.Z.); (X.W.); (Q.X.); (J.X.); (L.J.); (D.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Statistics in Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jingyu Xiao
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.J.); (J.Z.); (X.W.); (Q.X.); (J.X.); (L.J.); (D.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Statistics in Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lan Jiang
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.J.); (J.Z.); (X.W.); (Q.X.); (J.X.); (L.J.); (D.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Statistics in Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Daowei Xu
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.J.); (J.Z.); (X.W.); (Q.X.); (J.X.); (L.J.); (D.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Statistics in Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Caixia Shen
- School of Economics and Management, Sanming University, Sanming 365000, China;
| | - Jinfu Liu
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.J.); (J.Z.); (X.W.); (Q.X.); (J.X.); (L.J.); (D.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Statistics in Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhongsheng He
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.J.); (J.Z.); (X.W.); (Q.X.); (J.X.); (L.J.); (D.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Statistics in Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350002, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gao Y, Wang H, Yang F, Dai X, Meng S, Hu M, Kou L, Fu X. Relationships between root exudation and root morphological and architectural traits vary with growing season. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 44:tpad118. [PMID: 37738586 PMCID: PMC10849755 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpad118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Plants allocate a substantial amount of C belowground for root exudates and for the construction and adjustment of root morphological and architectural traits. What relationships exist between root exudates and other root traits and these relationships change with growing season, however, remain unclear. We quantified the root exudation rate and root morphological traits, including total root length (RL), total root surface area (RS), root diameter (RD), specific root length (SRL), specific root area (SRA) and root tissue density (RTD), and architectural traits, such as branching intensity (BI), and investigated their associations during the rapidly growing season (April and August) and the slowly growing season (December) of three common native tree species, Liquidambar formosana, Michelia maudiae and Schima superba, in subtropical China. We found that the linkages of RD, SRL, SRA, RTD and BI did not change with the growing season, reflecting their highly conservative relationships. The root exudation rate varied significantly with growing season (P < 0.05) and produced various associations with other root traits at different growing seasons. During the rapidly growing season (i.e., April), the exudation rate was the highest and was positively correlated with RL. The exudation rate was the lowest during the slowly growing season (i.e., December) and was negatively associated with RL, RS and RTD. Our findings demonstrate the seasonality of the linkages of root exudation rate with other root traits, which highlights the highly plastic and complex associations of belowground root traits. These findings help to deepen our understanding of plant nutrient acquisition strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiu Gao
- Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, No. 336 West Nanxinzhuang Road, Shizhong District, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 80 Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Fengting Yang
- Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 80 Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaoqin Dai
- Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 80 Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shengwang Meng
- Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 80 Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Mingyuan Hu
- Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 80 Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Liang Kou
- Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 80 Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaoli Fu
- Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 80 Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhou Y, Ma H, Lu Q, Ma J, Shen Y, Wang G. Different responses of leaf and root economics spectrum to grazing time at the community level in desert steppe, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 909:168547. [PMID: 37981138 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The plant economic spectrum can explain the trade-off strategies of vascular plants between resource acquisition and storage. Grazing can alter the plant functional characteristics of grassland ecosystems, resulting in a shift in plant resource acquisition strategies. Taking fenced grassland as a control, in this study we quantified six leaf traits and four root traits of 14 plant species (those that comprised >85 % of the species community abundance) of different grazing time grasslands in desert grasslands in Ningxia. We examined how grazing time shapes the functional structure of plant communities and the resource acquisition strategy. The results revealed an inverse pattern of the fast-slow economic spectrum of leaf and root traits; that is, as grazing time increased, the leaf traits shifted from an acquisitive type to a conservative type of resource acquisition strategy. In contrast, the root traits showed a shift from a conservative type to an acquisitive type of resource acquisition strategy. Grazing time leads to a whole plant economic spectrum, and plant functional traits may facilitate their response to environmental change, the study of which can hereby deepen our understanding of the plant economics spectrum. Our study provides new evidence that leaf and root resource acquisition and utilization are relatively independent under grazing pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhou
- College of Forestry and Prataculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory for Model Innovation in Forage Production Efficiency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center of Ningxia Province, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration of Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Hongbin Ma
- College of Forestry and Prataculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory for Model Innovation in Forage Production Efficiency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center of Ningxia Province, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration of Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Qi Lu
- College of Forestry and Prataculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory for Model Innovation in Forage Production Efficiency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center of Ningxia Province, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Jingli Ma
- College of Forestry and Prataculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory for Model Innovation in Forage Production Efficiency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center of Ningxia Province, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Yan Shen
- College of Forestry and Prataculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory for Model Innovation in Forage Production Efficiency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center of Ningxia Province, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration of Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Guohui Wang
- College of Forestry and Prataculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory for Model Innovation in Forage Production Efficiency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center of Ningxia Province, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration of Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Quattrone A, Yang Y, Yadav P, Weber KA, Russo SE. Nutrient and Microbiome-Mediated Plant-Soil Feedback in Domesticated and Wild Andropogoneae: Implications for Agroecosystems. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2978. [PMID: 38138123 PMCID: PMC10745641 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants influence the abiotic and biotic environment of the rhizosphere, affecting plant performance through plant-soil feedback (PSF). We compared the strength of nutrient and microbe-mediated PSF and its implications for plant performance in domesticated and wild grasses with a fully crossed greenhouse PSF experiment using four inbred maize genotypes (Zea mays ssp. mays b58, B73-wt, B73-rth3, and HP301), teosinte (Z. mays ssp. parviglumis), and two wild prairie grasses (Andropogon gerardii and Tripsacum dactyloides) to condition soils for three feedback species (maize B73-wt, teosinte, Andropogon gerardii). We found evidence of negative PSF based on growth, phenotypic traits, and foliar nutrient concentrations for maize B73-wt, which grew slower in maize-conditioned soil than prairie grass-conditioned soil. In contrast, teosinte and A. gerardii showed few consistent feedback responses. Both rhizobiome and nutrient-mediated mechanisms were implicated in PSF. Based on 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, the rhizosphere bacterial community composition differed significantly after conditioning by prairie grass and maize plants, and the final soil nutrients were significantly influenced by conditioning, more so than by the feedback plants. These results suggest PSF-mediated soil domestication in agricultural settings can develop quickly and reduce crop productivity mediated by PSF involving changes to both the soil rhizobiomes and nutrient availability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Quattrone
- Complex Biosystems Ph.D. Program, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0851, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0118, USA; (Y.Y.)
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0705, USA
| | - Yuguo Yang
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0118, USA; (Y.Y.)
| | - Pooja Yadav
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0118, USA; (Y.Y.)
| | - Karrie A. Weber
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0118, USA; (Y.Y.)
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0340, USA
- Daugherty Water for Food Institute, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-6203, USA
| | - Sabrina E. Russo
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0118, USA; (Y.Y.)
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0705, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Song S, Xiong K, Chi Y. Response of grassland ecosystem function to plant functional traits under different vegetation restoration models in areas of karst desertification. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1239190. [PMID: 38148857 PMCID: PMC10749941 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1239190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Plant functional traits serve as a bridge between plants, the environment, and ecosystem function, playing an important role in predicting the changes in ecosystem function that occur during ecological restoration. However, the response of grassland ecosystem function to plant functional traits in the context of ecological restoration in areas of karst desertification remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, we selected five plant functional traits [namely, plant height (H), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), root length (RL), and root dry matter content (RDMC)], measured these along with community-weighted mean (CWM) and functional trait diversity, and combined these measures with 10 indexes related to ecosystem function in order to investigate the differences in plant functional traits and ecosystem function, as well as the relationship between plant functional traits and ecosystem functions, under four ecological restoration models [Dactylis glomerata (DG), Lolium perenne (LP), Lolium perenne + Trifolium repens (LT), and natural grassland (NG)]. We found that: 1) the Margalef index and Shannon-Wiener index were significantly lower for plant species in DG and LP than for those in NG (P<0.05), while the Simpson index was significantly higher in the former than in NG (P<0.05); 2) CWMH, CWMLDMC, and CWMRDMC were significantly higher in DG, LP, and LT than in NG, while CWMSLA was significantly lower in the former than in NG (P<0.05). The functional richness index (FRic) was significantly higher in DG and LP than in NG and LT, but the functional dispersion index (FDis) and Rao's quadratic entropy index (RaoQ) were significantly lower in DG and LP than in NG and LT (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between DG and LP, or between NG and LT (P>0.05); 3) ecosystem function, including ecosystem productivity, carbon storage, water conservation and soil conservation, was highest in LT and lowest in NG; and 4) CWMLDMC (F=56.7, P=0.024), CWMRL (F=28.7, P=0.024), and CWMH (F=4.5, P=0.048) were the main factors affecting ecosystem function. The results showed that the mixed pasture of perennial ryegrass and white clover was most conductive to restoration of ecosystem function. This discovery has important implications for the establishment of vegetation, optimal utilization of resources, and the sustainable development of degraded karst ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhen Song
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kangning Xiong
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yongkuan Chi
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gao Y, Tariq A, Zeng F, Li X, Sardans J, Liu C, Peñuelas J. Fine-root traits are devoted to the allocation of foliar phosphorus fractions of desert species under water and phosphorus-poor environments. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14105. [PMID: 38148234 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Traits of leaves and fine roots are expected to predict the responses and adaptation of plants to their environments. Whether and how fine-root traits (FRTs) are associated with the allocation of foliar phosphorus (P) fractions of desert species in water- and P-poor environments, however, remains unclear. We exposed seedlings of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. (hereafter Alhagi) treated with two water and four P-supply levels for three years in open-air pot experiments and measured the concentrations of foliar P fractions, foliar traits, and FRTs. The allocation proportion of foliar nucleic acid-P and acid phosphatase (APase) activity of fine roots were significantly higher by 45.94 and 53.3% in drought and no-P treatments relative to well-watered and high-P treatments, whereas foliar metabolic-P and structural-P were significantly lower by 3.70 and 5.26%. Allocation proportions of foliar structural-P and residual-P were positively correlated with fine-root P (FRP) concentration, but nucleic acid-P concentration was negatively correlated with FRP concentration. A tradeoff was found between the allocation proportion to all foliar P fractions relative to the FRP concentration, fine-root APase activity, and amounts of carboxylates, followed by fine-root morphological traits. The requirement for a link between the aboveground and underground tissues of Alhagi was generally higher in the drought than the well-watered treatment. Altering FRTs and the allocation of P to foliar nucleic acid-P were two coupled strategies of Alhagi under conditions of drought and/or low-P. These results advance our understanding of the strategies for allocating foliar P by mediating FRTs in drought and P-poor environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanju Gao
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, China
| | - Akash Tariq
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fanjiang Zeng
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyi Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Chenggang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ciccarelli D, Bona C, Carta A. Coordination between leaf and root traits in Mediterranean coastal dune plants. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2023; 25:973-980. [PMID: 37429743 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Plant trait-based functional spectra are crucial to assess ecosystem functions and services. Whilst most research has focused on aboveground vegetative traits (leaf economic spectrum, LES), contrasting evidence on any coordination between the LES and root economic spectrum (RES) has been reported. Studying spectra variation along environmental gradients and accounting for species' phylogenetic relatedness may help to elucidate the strength of coordination between above- and belowground trait variation. We focused on leaf and root traits of 39 species sampled in three distinct habitats (front, back and slack) along a shoreline-inland gradient on coastal dunes. We tested, within a phylogenetic comparative framework, for the presence of the LES and RES, for any coordination between these spectra, and explored their relation to variation in ecological strategies along this gradient. In each habitat, three-quarters of trait variation is captured in two-dimensional spectra, with species' phylogenetic relatedness moderately influencing coordination and trade-off between traits. Along the shoreline-inland gradient, aboveground traits support the LES in all habitats. Belowground traits are consistent with the RES in the back-habitat only, where the environmental constraints are weaker, and a coordination between leaf and root traits was also found, supporting the whole-plant spectrum (PES). This study confirms the complexity when seeking any correlation between the LES and RES in ecosystems characterized by multiple environmental pressures, such as those investigated here. Changes in traits adopted to resist environmental constraints are similar among species, independent of their evolutionary relatedness, thus explaining the low phylogenetic contribution in support of our results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Ciccarelli
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- CIRSEC, Centre for Climatic Change Impact, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - C Bona
- Department of Botany, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - A Carta
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- CIRSEC, Centre for Climatic Change Impact, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang W, Gong J, Zhang Z, Song L, Lambers H, Zhang S, Dong J, Dong X, Hu Y. Soil phosphorus availability alters the correlations between root phosphorus-uptake rates and net photosynthesis of dominant C 3 and C 4 species in a typical temperate grassland of Northern China. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:157-172. [PMID: 37547950 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) fertilization can alleviate a soil P deficiency in grassland ecosystems. Understanding plant functional traits that enhance P uptake can improve grassland management. We measured impacts of P addition on soil chemical and microbial properties, net photosynthetic rate (Pn ) and nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations ([NSC]), and root P-uptake rate (PUR), morphology, anatomy, and exudation of two dominant grass species: Leymus chinensis (C3 ) and Cleistogenes squarrosa (C4 ). For L. chinensis, PUR and Pn showed a nonlinear correlation. Growing more adventitious roots compensated for the decrease in P transport per unit root length, so that it maintained a high PUR. For C. squarrosa, PUR and Pn presented a linear correlation. Increased Pn was associated with modifications in root morphology, which further enhanced its PUR and a greater surplus of photosynthate and significantly stimulated root exudation (proxied by leaf [Mn]), which had a greater impact on rhizosheath micro-environment and microbial PLFAs. Our results present correlations between the PUR and the Pn of L. chinensis and C. squarrosa and reveal that NSC appeared to drive the modifications of root morphology and exudation; they provide more objective basis for more efficient P-input in grasslands to address the urgent problem of P deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, MOE Engineering Research Center of Desertification and Blown-Sand Control, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jirui Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, MOE Engineering Research Center of Desertification and Blown-Sand Control, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Zihe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, MOE Engineering Research Center of Desertification and Blown-Sand Control, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Liangyuan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, MOE Engineering Research Center of Desertification and Blown-Sand Control, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Siqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, MOE Engineering Research Center of Desertification and Blown-Sand Control, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jiaojiao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, MOE Engineering Research Center of Desertification and Blown-Sand Control, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xuede Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, MOE Engineering Research Center of Desertification and Blown-Sand Control, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yuxia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, MOE Engineering Research Center of Desertification and Blown-Sand Control, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhao C, Lin Q, Tian D, Ji C, Shen H, Fan D, Wang X, Fang J. Nitrogen addition promotes conservative resource-use strategies via aggravating phosphorus limitation of evergreen trees in subtropical forest. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 889:164047. [PMID: 37187388 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Changti Zhao
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Quanhong Lin
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Di Tian
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Chengjun Ji
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Haihua Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Dayong Fan
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xiangping Wang
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jingyun Fang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang C, Zhang C, Azuma T, Maruyama H, Shinano T, Watanabe T. Different nitrogen acquirement and utilization strategies might determine the ecological competition between ferns and angiosperms. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2023; 131:1097-1106. [PMID: 36661261 PMCID: PMC10457029 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The abundance or decline of fern populations in response to environmental change has been found to be largely dependent on specific physiological properties that distinguish ferns from angiosperms. Many studies have focused on water use efficiency and stomatal behaviours, but the effects of nutrition acquirement and utilization strategies on niche competition between ferns and flowering plants are rarely reported. METHODS We collected 34 ferns and 42 angiosperms from the Botanic Garden of Hokkaido University for nitrogen (N), sulphur (S), NO3- and SO42- analysis. We then used a hydroponic system to compare the different N and S utilization strategies between ferns and angiosperms under N deficiency conditions. KEY RESULTS Ferns had a significantly higher NO3--N concentration and NO3--N/N ratio than angiosperms, although the total N concentration in ferns was remarkably lower than that in the angiosperms. Meanwhile, a positive correlation between N and S was found, indicating that nutrient concentration is involved in assimilation. Pteris cretica, a fern species subjected to further study, maintained a slow growth rate and lower N requirement in response to low N stress, while both the biomass and N concentration in wheat (Triticum aestivum) responded quickly to N deficiency conditions. CONCLUSIONS The different nutritional strategies employed by ferns and angiosperms depended mainly on the effects of phylogenetic and evolutionary diversity. Ferns tend to adopt an opportunistic strategy of limiting growth rate to reduce N demand and store more pooled nitrate, whereas angiosperms probably utilize N nutrition to ensure as much development as possible under low N stress. Identifying the effects of mineral nutrition on the evolutionary results of ecological competition between plant species remains a challenge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengming Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Biological Resources, Chengdu Normal University, Haike Road-99 East Section, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kitaku, Sapporo, 0608589, Japan
| | - Chaoqun Zhang
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kitaku, Sapporo, 0608589, Japan
| | - Takayuki Azuma
- Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Botanic Garden, Hokkaido University, Kita-3, Nishi-8, Chuoku, Sapporo, 0600003, Japan
| | - Hayato Maruyama
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kitaku, Sapporo, 0608589, Japan
| | - Takuro Shinano
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kitaku, Sapporo, 0608589, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Watanabe
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kitaku, Sapporo, 0608589, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Da R, Fan C, Zhang C, Zhao X, von Gadow K. Are absorptive root traits good predictors of ecosystem functioning? A test in a natural temperate forest. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 239:75-86. [PMID: 36978285 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Trait-based approaches provide a useful framework to predict ecosystem functions under intensifying global change. However, our current understanding of trait-functioning relationships mainly relies on aboveground traits. Belowground traits (e.g. absorptive root traits) are rarely studied although these traits are related to important plant functions. We analyzed four pairs of analogous leaf and absorptive root traits of woody plants in a temperate forest and examined how these traits are coordinated at the community-level, and to what extent the trait covariation depends on local-scale environmental conditions. We then quantified the contributions of leaf and absorptive root traits and the environmental conditions in determining two important forest ecosystem functions, aboveground carbon storage, and woody biomass productivity. The results showed that both morphological trait pairs and chemical trait pairs exhibited positive correlations at the community level. Absorptive root traits show a strong response to environmental conditions compared to leaf traits. We also found that absorptive root traits were better predictors of the two forest ecosystem functions than leaf traits and environmental conditions. Our study confirms the important role of belowground traits in modulating ecosystem functions and deepens our understanding of belowground responses to changing environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rihan Da
- Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chunyu Fan
- Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiuhai Zhao
- Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Klaus von Gadow
- Faculty of Forestry and Forest Ecology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Büsgenweg 5, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Forest and Wood Science, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
You C, Li J, Yang K, Tan B, Yin R, Li H, Zhang L, Cui X, Liu S, Wang L, Liu Y, Chen L, Yuan Y, Li J, Sardans J, Zhang J, Xu Z, Peñuelas J. Variations and patterns of C and N stoichiometry in the first five root branch orders across 218 woody plant species. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:1838-1848. [PMID: 36891665 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite the vital role in carbon (C) sequestration and nutrient retention, variations and patterns in root C and nitrogen (N) stoichiometry of the first five root orders across woody plant species remains unclear. We compiled a dataset to explore variations and patterns of root C and N stoichiometry in the first five orders of 218 woody plant species. Across the five orders, root N concentrations were greater in deciduous, broadleaf, and arbuscular mycorrhizal species than in evergreen, coniferous species, and ectomycorrhizal association species, respectively. Contrasting trends were found for root C : N ratios. Most root branch orders showed clear latitudinal and altitudinal trends in root C and N stoichiometry. There were opposite patterns in N concentrations between latitude and altitude. Such variations were mainly driven by plant species, and climatic factors together. Our results indicate divergent C and N use strategies among plant types and convergence and divergence in the patterns of C and N stoichiometry between latitude and altitude across the first five root orders. These findings provide important data on the root economics spectrum and biogeochemical models to improve understanding and prediction of climate change effects on C and nutrient dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengming You
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River & Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jihong Li
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River & Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Kaijun Yang
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River & Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, CSIC, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Bo Tan
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River & Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Rui Yin
- Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Strasse 4, 06110, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Han Li
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River & Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River & Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xinglei Cui
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River & Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Sining Liu
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River & Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River & Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River & Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lianghua Chen
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River & Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yaling Yuan
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River & Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River & Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jordi Sardans
- Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, CSIC, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jian Zhang
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River & Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhenfeng Xu
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River & Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, CSIC, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wingler A, Sandel B. Relationships of the competitor, stress tolerator, ruderal functional strategies of grass species with lifespan, photosynthetic type, naturalization and climate. AOB PLANTS 2023; 15:plad021. [PMID: 37197712 PMCID: PMC10184452 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plad021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Grass species (family Poaceae) are globally distributed, adapted to a wide range of climates and express a diversity of functional strategies. We explored the functional strategies of grass species using the competitor, stress tolerator, ruderal (CSR) system and asked how a species' strategy relates to its functional traits, climatic distribution and propensity to become naturalized outside its native range. We used a global set of trait data for grass species to classify functional strategies according to the CSR system based on leaf traits. Differences in strategies in relation to lifespan (annual or perennial), photosynthetic type (C3 or C4), or naturalisation (native or introduced) were investigated. In addition, correlations with traits not included in the CSR classification were analyzed, and a model was fitted to predict a species' average mean annual temperature and annual precipitation across its range as a function of CSR scores. Values for competitiveness were higher in C4 species than in C3 species, values for stress tolerance were higher in perennials than in annuals, and introduced species had more pronounced competitive-ruderal strategies than native species. Relationships between the CSR classification, based on leaf traits, and other functional traits were analyzed. Competitiveness was positively correlated with height, while ruderality was correlated with specific root length, indicating that both above- and belowground traits underlying leaf and root economics contribute to realized CSR strategies. Further, relationships between climate and CSR classification showed that species with competitive strategies were more common in warm climates and at high precipitation, whereas species with stress tolerance strategies were more common in cold climates and at low precipitation. The findings presented here demonstrate that CSR classification of functional strategies based on leaf traits matches expectations for the adaptations of grass species that underlie lifespan, photosynthetic type, naturalization and climate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Brody Sandel
- Department of Biology, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang L, Li J, Wang Z, Zhang D, Liu H, Wang J, Wu F, Wang X, Zhou X. Litter mixing promoted decomposition and altered microbial community in common bean root litter. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:148. [PMID: 37217839 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02871-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decomposition of plant litter is a key driver of carbon and nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. Mixing litters of different plant species may alter the decomposition rate, but its effect on the microbial decomposer community in plant litter is not fully understood. Here, we tested the effects of mixing with maize (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (Linn.) Merr.] stalk litters on the decomposition and microbial decomposer communities of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) root litter at the early decomposition stage in a litterbag experiment. RESULTS Mixing with maize stalk litter, soybean stalk litter, and both of these litters increased the decomposition rate of common bean root litter at 56 day but not 14 day after incubation. Litter mixing also increased the decomposition rate of the whole liter mixture at 56 day after incubation. Amplicon sequencing found that litter mixing altered the composition of bacterial (at 56 day after incubation) and fungal communities (at both 14 and 56 day after incubation) in common bean root litter. Litter mixing increased the abundance and alpha diversity of fungal communities in common bean root litter at 56 day after incubation. Particularly, litter mixing stimulated certain microbial taxa, such as Fusarium, Aspergillus and Stachybotrys spp. In addition, a pot experiment with adding litters in the soil showed that litter mixing promoted growth of common bean seedlings and increased soil nitrogen and phosphorus contents. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that litter mixing can promote the decomposition rate and cause shifts in microbial decomposer communities, which may positively affect crop growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiawei Li
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhilin Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Dinghong Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Fengzhi Wu
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Northeast Agricultural University Library, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
| | - Xingang Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hu G, Zhang Z, Li L. Responses of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus contents and stoichiometry in soil and fine roots to natural vegetation restoration in a tropical mountainous area, Southern China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1181365. [PMID: 37229113 PMCID: PMC10203608 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1181365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The stoichiometry of key elements such as C, N, and P is an important indicator of ecosystem nutrient status and biogeochemical cycling. Nevertheless, the responses of soil and plant C:N:P stoichiometric characteristics to natural vegetation restoration remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated C, N, and P contents and stoichiometry in soil and fine roots along vegetation restoration stages (grassland, shrubland, secondary forest, and primary forest) in a tropical mountainous area in southern China. We found that soil organic carbon, total N, C:P ratio, and N:P ratio significantly increased with vegetation restoration and significantly decreased with increasing soil depth, whereas there was no significant effect on soil total P and C:N ratio. Furthermore, vegetation restoration significantly increased the fine root N and P content and N:P ratio, whereas soil depth significantly decreased the fine root N content and increased the C:N ratio. The increasing average N:P ratio in fine roots from 17.59 to 21.45 suggested that P limitation increased with vegetation restoration. There were many significant correlations between C, N, and P contents and their ratios in soil and fine roots, indicating a reciprocal control of nutrient stoichiometric characteristics between them. These results contribute to our understanding of changes in soil and plant nutrient status and biogeochemical cycling during vegetation restoration and provide valuable information for restoration and management of tropical ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Hu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Wildlife Evolution and Conservation in Mountain Ecosystem of Guangxi, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhonghua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wildlife Evolution and Conservation in Mountain Ecosystem of Guangxi, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, China
| | - Lei Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kou X, Liu H, Chen H, Xu Z, Yu X, Cao X, Liu D, Wen L, Zhuo Y, Wang L. Multifunctionality and maintenance mechanism of wetland ecosystems in the littoral zone of the northern semi-arid region lake driven by environmental factors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 870:161956. [PMID: 36737024 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality (BEMF) has become an ecological research hot spot in recent years. Changes in biodiversity are non-randomly distributed in space and time in natural ecosystems, and the BEMF relationship is affected by a combination of biotic and abiotic factors. These complex, uncertain relationships are affected by research scale and quantification and measurement indicators. This paper took the Daihai littoral zone wetlands in Inner Mongolia as the research object to reveal the dynamic succession of wetland vegetation and ecosystem function change characteristics and processes during the shrinkage of the lake. The main findings were as follows: the combined effect of aboveground (species and functions) and belowground (bacteria and fungi) diversity was greater than the effect of single components on ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF) (R2 = 80.00 %). Soil salinity (EC) had a direct negative effect on EMF (λ = -0.22), and soil moisture (SM) had a direct positive effect on EMF (λ = 0.19). The results of the hierarchical partitioning analysis showed that plant species richness (Margalef index) was the ideal indicator to explain the EMF and C, N, and P cycling functions in littoral zone wetlands with explanations of 12.25 %, 7.31 %, 7.83 %, and 5.33 %, respectively. The EMF and C and P cycles were mainly affected by bacterial diversity, and the N cycle was mainly affected by fungal abundance in belowground biodiversity. Margalef index and sand content affected EMF through cascading effects of multiple nutrients (FDis, CWMRV, CWMLCC, and bacterial and fungal abundance and diversity) in littoral zone wetlands. This paper provides a reference for exploring the multifunctionality maintenance mechanisms of natural littoral zone wetland ecosystems in the context of global change, and it also provides important theoretical support and basic data for the implementation of ecological restoration in Daihai lake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Kou
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Huamin Liu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Han Chen
- School of Business Administration and Humanities, Mongolian University of Science & Technology, Ulaanbaatar 46/520, Mongolia
| | - Zhichao Xu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Xiaowen Yu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Xiaoai Cao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Dongwei Liu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Lu Wen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Yi Zhuo
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security (Jointly Supported by the Ministry of Education of China and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region), Hohhot 010021, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, Hohhot 010021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gao Y, Zhang Z, Zeng F, Ma X. Root morphological and physiological traits are committed to the phosphorus acquisition of the desert plants in phosphorus-deficient soils. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:188. [PMID: 37032339 PMCID: PMC10084647 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04178-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphorus (P) deficiency in desert ecosystems is widespread. Generally, desert species may allocate an enormous proportion of photosynthetic carbon to their root systems to adjust their P-acquisition strategies. However, root P-acquisition strategies of deep-rooted desert species and the coordination response of root traits at different growth stages to differing soil P availability remains unclear. In this study, a two-year pot experiment was performed with four soil P-supply treatments (0, 0.9, 2.8, and 4.7 mg P kg-1 y-1 for the control, low-, intermediate-, and high-P supply, respectively). Root morphological and physiological traits of one- and two-year-old Alhagi sparsifolia seedlings were measured. RESULTS For two-year-old seedlings, control or low-P supply significantly increased their leaf Mn concentration, coarse and fine roots' specific root length (SRL), specific root surface area (SRSA), and acid phosphatase activity (APase), but SRL and SRSA of one-year-old seedlings were higher under intermediate-P supply treatment. Root morphological traits were closely correlated with root APase activity and leaf Mn concentration. One-year-old seedlings had higher root APase activity, leaf Mn concentration, and root tissue density (RTD), but lower SRL and SRSA. Two-year-old seedlings had higher root APase activity, leaf Mn concentration, SRL and SRSA, but a lower RTD. Root APase activity was significantly positively correlated with the leaf Mn concentration, regardless of coarse or fine roots. Furthermore, root P concentrations of coarse and fine roots were driven by different root traits, with root biomass and carboxylates secretion particularly crucial root traits for the root P-acquisition of one- and two-year-old seedlings. CONCLUSIONS Variation of root traits at different growth stages are coordinated with root P concentrations, indicating a trade-off between root traits and P-acquisition strategies. Alhagi sparsifolia developed two P-activation strategies, increasing P-mobilizing phosphatase activity and carboxylates secretion, to acclimate P-impoverished in soil. The adaptive variation of root traits at different growth stages and diversified P-activation strategies are conducive to maintaining the desert ecosystem productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanju Gao
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, 848300, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, 848300, China
| | - Fanjiang Zeng
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China.
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, 848300, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Xingyu Ma
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, 848300, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhang S, Bai J, Zhang G, Xia Z, Wu M, Lu H. Negative effects of soil warming, and adaptive cultivation strategies of maize: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 862:160738. [PMID: 36496024 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Temperature is a key factor in regulating and controlling several ecological processes. As there is a feedback relationship between many biogeochemical processes and climate change, their response to temperature changes is particularly important. Previously, a large volume of literature has extensively explored the impact of rising air temperature on shoot growth and maize yield, from enzymatic responses within the leaf to grain yield. As the global temperature continues to increase and the frequency, duration, and/or intensity of heat wave events increases, the soil temperature of the tilth is likely to rise sharply. As one of the most widely planted food crops in the world, maize may be subjected to additional soil temperature pressure. However, as a nutrient organ in direct contact with soil, the root plays a key role in adapting the whole plant to excessive soil temperature. Little research has been done on the effect of the soil microenvironment induced by higher soil temperature on maize root growth and root to shoot communication regulation. Therefore, this review summarizes (1) the effects of excessive soil temperature on the soil microenvironment, including soil respiration, microbial community composition, carbon mineralization, and enzyme activity; (2) the negative response of absorption of water and nutrients by roots and maize root-shoot growth to excessive soil temperature; and (3) potential cultivation strategies to improve maize yield, including improving tillage methods, adding biochar amendments, applying organic fertilizers, optimizing irrigation, and farmland mulching.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shibo Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jingxuan Bai
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Guixin Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhenqing Xia
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Mengke Wu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Haidong Lu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang D, Liu C, Yang Y, Liu P, Hu W, Song H, Miao C, Chen J, Yang Z, Miao Y. Clipping decreases plant cover, litter mass, and water infiltration rate in soil across six plant community sites in a semiarid grassland. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 861:160692. [PMID: 36476773 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Water infiltration in the soil is a crucial hydrological function in the land water cycle, especially in the semiarid region where water is relatively scarce. The semiarid grassland in Northern China represents the regional vegetation in the vast area of Eurasian continent and is sensitive to land use change. However, no clear patterns exist regarding the comprehensive examination of water infiltration in relation to clipping across six plant community sites. This study aimed to test the effect of clipping and plant community sites, which were dominated by Agropyron cristatum, Stipa krylovii, Leymus chinensis, Potentilla tanacetifolia, Artemisia frigida, or Lespedeza davurica, on the water infiltration rate in the semiarid grassland. Clipping significantly decreased the water initial, steady, and average infiltration rates by 39.13, 4.36, and 12.46 mm h-1, respectively, across the six plant community sites. Clipping-induced changes in the average infiltration rate positively correlated with the changes in the plant cover (r = 0.60, P < 0.01), litter mass (r = 0.53, P < 0.01), forb functional group ratio (r = 0.46, P = 0.03), and total porosity (r = 0.49, P = 0.02), and negatively with water-holding capacity (r = -0.45, P = 0.03). Further, the water infiltration rate significantly differed among the six plant community sites. The L.davurica site had the highest water initial infiltration rate with a value of 137.63 ± 17.76 mm h-1, while the L. chinensis site had the lowest rate with a value of 74.08 ± 5.26 mm h-1. Principal component analysis showed that the total porosity, litter mass, plant cover, and forb functional group ratio were the main factors affecting water infiltration rates in the control grassland. Overall, our findings suggested that local governments and herders should implement unclipping as a potential sustainable management for improving hydrological function in the semiarid grassland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, PR China
| | - Chun Liu
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yongsheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota and Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology in Cold Region of Qinghai Province, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, PR China
| | - Panpan Liu
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, PR China
| | - Wei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China
| | - Hongquan Song
- Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions (Henan University), Ministry of Education, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, PR China
| | - Chen Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, PR China
| | - Ji Chen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, 8830 Tjele, Denmark; Aarhus University Centre for Circular Bioeconomy, Aarhus University, 8830 Tjele, Denmark; iCLIMATE Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Aarhus University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Zhongling Yang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, PR China.
| | - Yuan Miao
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wen X, Wang X, Ye M, Liu H, He W, Wang Y, Li T, Zhao K, Hou G, Chen G, Li X, Fan C. Response strategies of fine root morphology of Cupressus funebris to the different soil environment. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1077090. [PMID: 36618632 PMCID: PMC9811150 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1077090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Understanding fine root morphology is crucial to uncover water and nutrient acquisition and transposition of fine roots. However, there is still a lack of knowledge regarding how the soil environment affects the fine root morphology of various root orders in the stable forest ecosystem. Therefore, this experiment assessed the response strategies of fine root morphology (first- to fifth -order fine roots) in four different soil environments. The results showed that fine root morphology was related to soil environment, and there were significant differences in specific root length (SRL), specific surface area (SRA), diameter (D), and root tissue density (RTD) of first- and second -order fine roots. Soil total nitrogen (TN), alkaline nitrogen (AN) and available phosphorus (AP) were positively correlated with SRL and SRA and negatively correlated with D and RTD. Soil moisture (SW) was positively correlated with the D and RTD of first- and second-order fine roots and negatively correlated with the SRL and SRA. Soil temperature (ST), organic carbon (OC), soil bulk density (SBD) and soil porosity (SP) were not significantly correlated with the D, SRL, SRA, and RTD of the first- and second -order fine roots. AN was positively correlated with SRL and SRA and negatively correlated with both D and RTD in the first- and second -order fine roots, and the correlation coefficient was very significant. Therefore, we finally concluded that soil AN was the most critical factor affecting root D, SRL, SRA and RTD of fine roots, and mainly affected the morphology of first- and second -order fine roots. In conclusion, our research provides support for understanding the relationship between fine root morphology and soil environment, and indicates that soil nutrient gradient forms good root morphology at intraspecific scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Wen
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengting Ye
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai Liu
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenchun He
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianyi Li
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kuangji Zhao
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River and Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Guirong Hou
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River and Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Chen
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River and Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianwei Li
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River and Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuan Fan
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River and Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Krauss L, Rippy MA. Adaptive strategy biases in engineered ecosystems: Implications for plant community dynamics and the provisioning of ecosystem services to people. PEOPLE AND NATURE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Krauss
- Occoquan Watershed Monitoring Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Manassas Virginia USA
| | - Megan A. Rippy
- Occoquan Watershed Monitoring Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Manassas Virginia USA
- Center for Coastal Studies Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia USA
- Disaster Resilience and Risk Management (DRRM) Blacksburg Virginia USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Li J, Chen X, Wu P, Niklas KJ, Lu Y, Zhong Q, Hu D, Cheng L, Cheng D. The fern economics spectrum is unaffected by the environment. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:3205-3218. [PMID: 36029253 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The plant economics spectrum describes the trade-off between plant resource acquisition and storage, and sheds light on plant responses to environmental changes. However, the data used to construct the plant economics spectrum comes mainly from seed plants, thereby neglecting vascular non-seed plant lineages such as the ferns. To address this omission, we evaluated whether a fern economics spectrum exists using leaf and root traits of 23 fern species living under three subtropical forest conditions differing in light intensity and nutrient gradients. The fern leaf and root traits were found to be highly correlated and formed a plant economics spectrum. Specific leaf mass and root tissue density were found to be on one side of the spectrum (conservative strategy), whereas photosynthesis rate, specific root area, and specific root length were on the other side of the spectrum (acquisitive strategy). Ferns had higher photosynthesis and respiration rates, and photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency under high light conditions and higher specific root area and lower root tissue density in high nutrient environments. However, environmental changes did not significantly affect their resource acquisition strategies. Thus, the plant economics spectrum can be broadened to include ferns, which expands its phylogenetic and ecological implications and utility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Li
- Institute of Geography, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Institute of Geography, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Ecology in Fujian Province, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Panpan Wu
- Institute of Geography, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Karl J Niklas
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Yimiao Lu
- Institute of Geography, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Quanlin Zhong
- Institute of Geography, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Dandan Hu
- Institute of Geography, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Jiangxi Wuyishan National Nature Reserve Administration Bureau, Wuyishan National Nature Reserve, Shangrao, Jiangxi, China
| | - Dongliang Cheng
- Institute of Geography, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Ecology in Fujian Province, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Mao Z, Roumet C, Rossi LMW, Merino‐Martín L, Nespoulous J, Taugourdeau O, Boukcim H, Fourtier S, Del Rey‐Granado M, Ramel M, Ji K, Zuo J, Fromin N, Stokes A, Fort F. Intra‐ and inter‐specific variation in root mechanical traits for twelve herbaceous plants and their link with the root economics space. OIKOS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.09032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhun Mao
- Univ. Montpellier, AMAP, INRAE, CIRAD, CNRS, IRD Montpellier France
| | | | - Lorenzo M. W. Rossi
- Univ. Montpellier, AMAP, INRAE, CIRAD, CNRS, IRD Montpellier France
- Univ. of Cassino Cassino (Fr) Italy
| | - Luis Merino‐Martín
- CEFE, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD Montpellier France
- Depto de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, ESCET, Univ. Rey Juan Carlos Madrid Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Merlin Ramel
- Univ. Montpellier, AMAP, INRAE, CIRAD, CNRS, IRD Montpellier France
| | - Kang Ji
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China
- Univ. of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Juan Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China
- Centre of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China
| | | | - Alexia Stokes
- Univ. Montpellier, AMAP, INRAE, CIRAD, CNRS, IRD Montpellier France
| | - Florian Fort
- CEFE, Univ. Montpellier, Inst. Agro, CNRS, EPHE, IRD Montpellier France
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Luo M, Moorhead DL, Ochoa‐Hueso R, Mueller CW, Ying SC, Chen J. Nitrogen loading enhances phosphorus limitation in terrestrial ecosystems with implications for soil carbon cycling. Funct Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Luo
- Academy of Geography and Ecological Environment Fuzhou University Fuzhou China
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou China
| | - Daryl L. Moorhead
- Department of Environmental Sciences University of Toledo Toledo OH USA
| | - Raúl Ochoa‐Hueso
- Department of Biology, IVAGRO University of Cádiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario (CeiA3), Campus del Rio San Pedro, 11510 Puerto Real Cádiz Spain
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW) AB Wageningen the Netherlands
| | - Carsten W. Mueller
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Samantha C. Ying
- Environmental Sciences Department University of California‐ Riverside CA USA
| | - Ji Chen
- Department of Agroecology Aarhus University Tjele Denmark
- Aarhus University Centre for Circular Bioeconomy, Aarhus University Tjele Denmark
- iCLIMATE Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change Aarhus University Roskilde Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Xu H, Wang S, Tang L, Wang Y, Li Z, Wang W. Differential influence of cortex and stele components on root tip diameter in different types of tropical climbing plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:961214. [PMID: 36119575 PMCID: PMC9470880 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.961214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Climbing plants are an abundant and taxonomically diverse plant group that competes intensely with trees and thus substantially affects forest diversity and structure. The growth and physiology of climbing plants largely depend on their root tip structure and function. However, little is known regarding the mechanisms through which anatomical traits regulate root tip diameter in climbing plants. Therefore, our study sought to explore the relationships between root tip diameter and seven anatomical traits (e.g., cortex thickness and stele diameter) in three lianas and three vine species sampled from a tropical forest in Hainan. Root tip diameter was significantly positively correlated with cortex thickness (r = 0.94-0.99) and stele diameter (r = 0.72-0.94) within species, especially with cortex thickness. Cortex thickness was significantly positively correlated with mean cortical cell diameter in six species (r = 0.72-0.93), but was only correlated with the number of cortical cell layers in three species (r = 0.42-0.66). Stele diameter displayed significant positive correlations with mean conduit diameter (r = 0.58-0.88) and the number of conduits per stele (r = 0.50-0.66, except for Cyclea hypoglauca), and was negatively correlated with conduit density in all species (r = -0.65 to -0.77). The correlations between cortical cells and conduit traits and root tip diameter were similar to that with cortex thickness and stele diameter, respectively. Compared with vines, liana root tips showed closer relationships between root diameter and cortex thickness and stele diameter, and between cortex thickness and mean diameter of cortical cells. Moreover, the root tip of lianas possesses significantly higher stele proportion and denser conduits, significantly lower cortex proportion, and smaller conduit size than those of vines. However, the specific conductivity was similar. Overall, these results suggest that the cortex is the main driver for the change in root tip diameter rather than the stele. Nevertheless, both factors were responsible for variations in diameter-related traits when compared with number-related traits, with lianas and vines exhibiting distinct regulatory mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiwu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources of Tropical Special Ornamental Plants of Hainan Province, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Liang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources of Tropical Special Ornamental Plants of Hainan Province, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Taishan Forest Ecosystem Research Station of State Forestry Administration, State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in downstream areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Zhongyue Li
- Taishan Forest Ecosystem Research Station of State Forestry Administration, State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in downstream areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Wenna Wang
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources of Tropical Special Ornamental Plants of Hainan Province, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Luo W, Griffin‐Nolan RJ, Felton AJ, Yu Q, Wang H, Zhang H, Wang Z, Han X, Collins SL, Knapp AK. Drought has inconsistent effects on seed trait composition despite their strong association with ecosystem drought sensitivity. Funct Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Luo
- Erguna Forest‐Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
| | | | - Andrew J. Felton
- Schmid College of Science and Technology Chapman University Orange CA USA
| | - Qiang Yu
- School of Grassland Science Beijing Forestry University Beijing China
| | - Hongyi Wang
- Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University Daqing China
| | - Hongxiang Zhang
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun China
| | - Zhengwen Wang
- Erguna Forest‐Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
| | - Xingguo Han
- Erguna Forest‐Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Scott L. Collins
- Department of Biology University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM USA
| | - Alan K. Knapp
- Department of Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhang X, Zhao N, Zhou C, Lu J, Wang X. Seedling age of Abies georgei var. smithii reveals functional trait coordination in high-altitude habitats in southeast tibet. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.955663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional trait-based plant ecology is often used to study plant survival strategies and growth processes. In this work, the variation regularity of functional traits and their correlations were studied in Abies georgei var. smithii seedlings of different seedling ages found along the altitude gradient (3,800–4,400 m) in Sejila Mountain, Southeast Tibet. The following functional traits of seedlings in five age classes were determined: above-ground functional traits∼leaf thickness (T), leaf area (LA), specific leaf area (SLA), and leaf dry matter content (LDMC); below-ground functional traits∼specific stem length (SSL), specific root length (SRL), specific root surface area (SRA), root tissue density (RTD), and root dry matter content (RDMC). Results showed that (1) except for LDMC, most of the functional traits of the seedlings at different altitudes showed a regular change trend over time. The changes in traits caused by seedling age had significant effects on other traits (p < 0.05). Altitude only had significant effects on T, LA, SLA, SRA, RTD, and RDMC (p < 0.05). (2) The correlation between the above- and below-ground traits was more significant in 5-6-year-old seedlings than in other age classes (p < 0.05). Principal component analysis (PCA) results showed that LA and SLA were the dominant traits of fir seedlings in five age categories Pearson correlation analysis indicated a correlation between RTD and above-ground traits, thus validating the correlation between the above- and below-ground traits of seedlings of Abies georgei var. smithii of different ages. (3) Available potassium, total potassium, and total organic carbon (TOC) had the greatest influence on the traits of 5-6-year-old seedlings. This study revealed that the functional traits of Abies georgei var. smithii seedlings at different altitudesdynamically change with seedling age. The findings help in understanding the growth strategies of seedlings during early development. Future research on the combination of soil factors and seedling traits will provide a theoretical basis for artificial cultivation and protection of native vegetation.
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhang C, Xue W, Xue J, Zhang J, Qiu L, Chen X, Hu F, Kardol P, Liu M. Leveraging functional traits of cover crops to coordinate crop productivity and soil health. J Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chongzhe Zhang
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biological Interaction and Crop Health Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
| | - Wenfeng Xue
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
| | - Jingrong Xue
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biological Interaction and Crop Health Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
| | - Lujie Qiu
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biological Interaction and Crop Health Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
| | - Feng Hu
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
| | - Paul Kardol
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Umeå Sweden
| | - Manqiang Liu
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biological Interaction and Crop Health Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
- Centre for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Tumber‐Dávila SJ, Schenk HJ, Du E, Jackson RB. Plant sizes and shapes above and belowground and their interactions with climate. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:1032-1056. [PMID: 35150454 PMCID: PMC9311740 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Although the above and belowground sizes and shapes of plants strongly influence plant competition, community structure, and plant-environment interactions, plant sizes and shapes remain poorly characterized across climate regimes. We investigated relationships among shoot and root system size and climate. We assembled and analyzed, to our knowledge, the largest global database describing the maximum rooting depth, lateral spread, and shoot size of terrestrial plants - more than doubling the Root Systems of Individual Plants database to 5647 observations. Water availability and growth form greatly influence shoot size, and rooting depth is primarily influenced by temperature seasonality. Shoot size is the strongest predictor of lateral spread, with root system diameter being two times wider than shoot width on average for woody plants. Shoot size covaries strongly with rooting system size; however, the geometries of plants differ considerably across climates, with woody plants in more arid climates having shorter shoots, but deeper, narrower root systems. Additionally, estimates of the depth and lateral spread of plant root systems are likely underestimated at the global scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shersingh Joseph Tumber‐Dávila
- Department of Earth System ScienceStanford University473 Via OrtegaStanfordCA94305USA
- Harvard ForestHarvard University324 N Main StPetershamMA01366USA
| | - H. Jochen Schenk
- Department of Biological ScienceCalifornia State University Fullerton800 North State College BlvdFullertonCA92831USA
| | - Enzai Du
- Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal University19 Xinjiekouwai StreetBeijing100875China
| | - Robert B. Jackson
- Department of Earth System ScienceStanford University473 Via OrtegaStanfordCA94305USA
- Woods Institute for the EnvironmentStanford University473 Via OrtegaStanfordCA94305USA
- Precourt Institute for EnergyStanford University473 Via OrtegaStanfordCA94305USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zhao C, He X, Dan X, He M, Zhao J, Meng H, Cai Z, Zhang J. Soil dissolved organic matters mediate bacterial taxa to enhance nitrification rates under wheat cultivation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 828:154418. [PMID: 35276137 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that dissolved organic matters (DOMs) may affect soil nutrient availability to plants due to their effect on microbial communities; however, the relationships of soil DOM-bacterial community-N function in response to root exudates remains poorly understand. Here, we evaluated the DOM composition, bacterial taxonomic variation and nitrogen transformation rates in both acidic and alkaline soils, with or without the typical nitrate preference plant (wheat, Triticum aestivum L.). After 30 days' cultivation, DOM compositions such as sugars, amines, amino acids, organic acid, and ketone were significantly increased in soil with wheat vs. bare soil, and these compounds were mainly involved in nitrogen metabolism pathways. Soil core bacterial abundance was changed while bacterial community diversity decreased in response to wheat planting. Function prediction analysis based on FAPROTAX software showed that the bacterial community were significantly (p < 0.05) affiliated with nitrification and organic compound degradation. Additionally, db-RDA and VPA analysis suggested that the contribution of soil DOM to the variance of bacterial community was stronger than that of soil available nutrients. Furthermore, the N-transformation related bacteria like Burkholderiales and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) were positively correlated with soil gross nitrification rate, confirming that the soil N transformation was enhanced in both acidic and alkaline soils. Our results provide insight into how soil DOM affects the community structure and function of bacteria to regulate the process of nitrogen transformation in plant-soil system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Zhao
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiang He
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xiaoqian Dan
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Mengqiu He
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jun Zhao
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource, Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Han Meng
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Zucong Cai
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource, Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jinbo Zhang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource, Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Pierick K, Link RM, Leuschner C, Homeier J. Elevational trends of tree fine root traits in species‐rich tropical Andean forests. OIKOS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.08975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Pierick
- Plant Ecology and Ecosystems Research, Univ. of Goettingen Göttingen Germany
| | - Roman M. Link
- Ecophysiology and Vegetation Ecology, Julius‐von‐Sachs‐Inst. of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Würzburg Würzburg Germany
| | - Christoph Leuschner
- Plant Ecology and Ecosystems Research, Univ. of Goettingen Göttingen Germany
- Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, Univ. of Goettingen Göttingen Germany
| | - Jürgen Homeier
- Plant Ecology and Ecosystems Research, Univ. of Goettingen Göttingen Germany
- Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, Univ. of Goettingen Göttingen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Sun SS, Liu XP, Zhao XY, Medina-Roldánd E, He YH, Lv P, Hu HJ. Annual Herbaceous Plants Exhibit Altered Morphological Traits in Response to Altered Precipitation and Drought Patterns in Semiarid Sandy Grassland, Northern China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:756950. [PMID: 35812936 PMCID: PMC9260268 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.756950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation events and severe drought are predicted to increase in semiarid areas due to global climate change. Plant morphological traits can reflect plant responses to a changing environment, such as altered precipitation or drought patterns. In this study, we examined the response of morphological traits of root, stem, leaf and reproduction meristems of annual herbaceous species to altered precipitation and drought patterns in a semiarid sandy grassland. The study involved a control treatment (100% of background precipitation) and the following six altered precipitation treatments: (1) P(+): precipitation increased by 30%, (2) P(++): precipitation increased by 60%, (3) P(-): precipitation decreased by 30%, (4) P(--): precipitation decreased by 60%, (5) drought 1 (D1): 46-day drought from May 1st to June 15th, and (6) drought 2 (D2): 46-day drought from July 1st to August 15th. P(++) significantly increased root length, flower length-to-width ratio, both P(+) and P(++) significantly increased stem length and flower number in the plant growing seasons, while all of them decreased under P(-) and P(--). The annual herbaceous plants marginally increased the number of second-level stem branches and stem diameter in order to better resist the severe drought stress under P(--). P(+) and P(++) increased the root, stem, leaf, and flower dry weight, with the flower dry weight accounting for a larger proportion than the other aboveground parts. Under D2, the plants used the limited water resources more efficiently by increasing the root-to-shoot ratio compared with P(-), P(--) and D1, which reflects biomass allocation to belowground increased. The linear mixed-effects models and redundancy analysis showed that the root-to-shoot ratio and the dry weight of various plant components were significantly affected by morphological traits and altered precipitation magnitude. Our results showed that the herbaceous species have evolved morphological trait responses that allow them to adapt to climate change. Such differences in morphological traits may ultimately affect the growing patterns of annual herbaceous species, enhancing their drought-tolerant capacity in semiarid sandy grassland during the ongoing climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Sun
- Naiman Desertification Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Urat Desert-Grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin-Ping Liu
- Naiman Desertification Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xue-Yong Zhao
- Naiman Desertification Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Urat Desert-Grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Eduardo Medina-Roldánd
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yu-Hui He
- Naiman Desertification Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Peng Lv
- Naiman Desertification Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Urat Desert-Grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hong-Jiao Hu
- Naiman Desertification Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Weemstra M, Kuyper TW, Sterck FJ, Umaña MN. Incorporating belowground traits: avenues towards a whole‐tree perspective on performance. OIKOS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.08827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monique Weemstra
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Univ. of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - Thomas W. Kuyper
- Soil Biology Group, Wageningen Univ. and Research Centre Wageningen the Netherlands
| | - Frank J. Sterck
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen Univ. and Research Centre Wageningen the Netherlands
| | - María Natalia Umaña
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Univ. of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang X, Xu C, Xiong D, Yao X, Chen T, Jiang Q, Jia L, Fan A, Chen G. Root age-related response of fine root respiration of Chinese fir seedlings to soil warming. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:1177-1187. [PMID: 35043963 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The variation in fine root respiration with root age provides insight into root adaptation to climate warming, but the mechanism is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the respiratory response of fine roots (<1 mm and 1-2 mm) of different ages (2-, 4- and 6-month old) of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.)) seedlings to soil warming (4 °C above the control using cable heating). Fine roots were excised to measure the specific respiration rate at a reference temperature of 20 °C (SRR20), and root morphological and chemical traits were measured. Soil warming significantly increased SRR20 by 40% compared with the control, potentially indicating limited acclimation on a short time scale (6 months). However, soil warming increased SRR20 significantly in 2-month-old roots (by 72%) compared with 4- and 6-month-old roots, leading to a steeper decline in SRR20 with root age. This result suggests possible increased nutrient uptake efficiency in young fine roots under warmer temperatures. Soil warming significantly increased specific root length (SRL) but not root tissue nitrogen concentration (RTN). The variation in SRR20 between warming treatments, but not across root ages, was predicted by SRL and RTN individually or together. Our findings conclusively indicate that soil warming increased the respiration cost of young fine roots, which was predicted by adjusting for SRL and RTN, indicating that Chinese fir may adopt a faster fine root turnover strategy to enhance nutrient uptake and soil exploitation under warmer temperatures. Future studies should simultaneously investigate age-related root respiration and nutrient uptake in warming experiments to better understand the effects of warming on root metabolic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Shangsan road No.8, Cangshan district, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Chensen Xu
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Shangsan road No.8, Cangshan district, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Decheng Xiong
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Shangsan road No.8, Cangshan district, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Xiaodong Yao
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Shangsan road No.8, Cangshan district, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Shangsan road No.8, Cangshan district, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Qi Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Shangsan road No.8, Cangshan district, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Linqiao Jia
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Shangsan road No.8, Cangshan district, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Ailian Fan
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Shangsan road No.8, Cangshan district, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Guangshui Chen
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Shangsan road No.8, Cangshan district, Fuzhou 350007, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Seeber J, Tasser E, Rubatscher D, Loacker I, Lavorel S, Robson TM, Balzarolo M, Altimir N, Drösler M, Vescovo L, Gamper S, Barančok P, Staszewski T, Wohlfahrt G, Cernusca A, Sebastia MT, Tappeiner U, Bahn M. Effects of land use and climate on carbon and nitrogen pool partitioning in European mountain grasslands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 822:153380. [PMID: 35077786 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
European mountain grasslands are increasingly affected by land-use changes and climate, which have been suggested to exert important controls on grassland carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pools. However, so far there has been no synthetic study on whether and how land-use changes and climate interactively affect the partitioning of these pools amongst the different grassland compartments. We analyzed the partitioning of C and N pools of 36 European mountain grasslands differing in land-use and climate with respect to above- and belowground phytomass, litter and topsoil (top 23 cm). We found that a reduction of management intensity and the abandonment of hay meadows and pastures increased above-ground phytomass, root mass and litter as well as their respective C and N pools, concurrently decreasing the fractional contribution of the topsoil to the total organic carbon pool. These changes were strongly driven by the cessation of cutting and grazing, a shift in plant functional groups and a related reduction in litter quality. Across all grasslands studied, variation in the impact of land management on the topsoil N pool and C/N-ratio were mainly explained by soil clay content combined with pH. Across the grasslands, below-ground phytomass as well as phytomass- and litter C concentrations were inversely related to the mean annual temperature; furthermore, C/N-ratios of phytomass and litter increased with decreasing mean annual precipitation. Within the topsoil compartment, C concentrations decreased from colder to warmer sites, and increased with increasing precipitation. Climate generally influenced effects of land use on C and N pools mainly through mean annual temperature and less through mean annual precipitation. We conclude that site-specific conditions need to be considered for understanding the effects of land use and of current and future climate changes on grassland C and N pools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Seeber
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Institute for Alpine Environment, Eurac Research, Drususallee 1, 39100 Bozen/Bolzano, Italy
| | - Erich Tasser
- Institute for Alpine Environment, Eurac Research, Drususallee 1, 39100 Bozen/Bolzano, Italy
| | - Dagmar Rubatscher
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ingrid Loacker
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sandra Lavorel
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie-Mont Blanc, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - T Matthew Robson
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology, Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Manuela Balzarolo
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Nuria Altimir
- Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Global Change (ECOFUN), Forest Sciences Centre of Catalonia (CTFC), Solsona, Spain; Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matthias Drösler
- Institute of Ecology and Landscape University of Applied Sciences Weihenstephan-Triesdorf Am Hofgarten 1, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Loris Vescovo
- Sustainable ecosystems & bioresources department, Research and Innovation Center, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige 38010, TN, Italy
| | - Sonja Gamper
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Peter Barančok
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Štefánikova 3, P.O.Box 254, 814 99 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tomasz Staszewski
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha St., 40-844 Katowice, Poland
| | - Georg Wohlfahrt
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alexander Cernusca
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M-Teresa Sebastia
- Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Global Change (ECOFUN), Forest Sciences Centre of Catalonia (CTFC), Solsona, Spain; Group GAMES, Department of Horticulture, Botany and Landscaping, School of Agrifood and Forestry Science and Engineering, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Ulrike Tappeiner
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Institute for Alpine Environment, Eurac Research, Drususallee 1, 39100 Bozen/Bolzano, Italy
| | - Michael Bahn
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Huang G, Fang Q, Peng S, Li Y. Genotypic variation of plant biomass under nitrogen deficiency is positively correlated with conservative economic traits in wheat. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:2175-2189. [PMID: 34897456 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant functional traits, including leaf and root economic traits, are important for understanding the composition and function of ecosystems. However, plant functional traits of crop species and the relationships between them, and their responses to environmental variations are not fully understood. In the present study, the traits in the leaf and root economics spectrum (LES and RES) and plant biomass were investigated in 14 wheat genotypes grown with sufficient or limited nitrogen (N) supply. We found that N had significant impacts on the LES and RES traits and on the relationships among them. Our results generally supported the hypothesized LES, but did not support the RES or plant economics spectrum concept among wheat plants regardless of N treatment. More importantly, we found that more conservative leaf and root economic traits are beneficial for shoot biomass accumulation in wheat plants grown with limited N supply, and for the improvement in the tolerance of wheat to N stress. The data presented suggest that growth conditions should be accounted for when studying trait-to-trait relationships, and that more conservative resource use strategies could be used as promising targets for wheat breeding programs with limited N input.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guanjun Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qing Fang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shaobing Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yong Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zhou M, Guo Y, Sheng J, Yuan Y, Zhang WH, Bai W. Using anatomical traits to understand root functions across root orders of herbaceous species in a temperate steppe. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:422-434. [PMID: 35048364 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Root anatomical traits play crucial roles in understanding root functions and root form-function linkages. However, the root anatomy and form-function linkages of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous herbs remain largely unknown. We measured order-based anatomical traits and mycorrhizal colonization rates of 32 perennial herbs of monocotyledons and dicotyledons in a temperate steppe. For monocots, relative constant proportion of cortex and mycorrhizal colonization rates, but increased cell-wall thickening of the endodermis and proportion of stele were observed across root orders, indicating a slight reduction in absorption capacity and improvement in transportation capacity across orders. For dicots, the cortex and mycorrhizal colonization disappeared in the fourth-order and/or fifth-order roots, whereas the secondary vascular tissue increased markedly, suggesting significant transition of root functions from absorption to transportation across root orders. The allometric relationships between stele and cortex differed across root orders and plant groups, suggesting different strategies to coordinate the absorption and transportation functions among plant groups. In summary, our results revealed different functional transition patterns across root orders and distinct strategies for coordinating the absorption and transportation of root system between monocots and dicots. These findings will contribute to our understanding of the root form and functions in herbaceous species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Yumeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jun Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yujia Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wen-Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenming Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Leroy C, Maes AQ, Louisanna E, Séjalon‐Delmas N, Erktan A, Schimann H. Ontogenetic changes in root traits and root‐associated fungal community composition in a heteroblastic epiphytic bromeliad. OIKOS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.09213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Céline Leroy
- AMAP, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD Montpellier France
- UMR ECOFOG, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Univ. de Guyane, Univ. des Antilles Kourou France
| | - Arthur QuyManh Maes
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Univ. de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP Auzeville‐Tolosane France
| | - Eliane Louisanna
- UMR ECOFOG, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Univ. de Guyane, Univ. des Antilles Kourou France
| | - Nathalie Séjalon‐Delmas
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Univ. de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP Auzeville‐Tolosane France
| | - Amandine Erktan
- J.F. Blumenbach Inst. of Zoology and Anthropology, Univ. of Göttingen Göttingen Germany
- Eco&Sols, Univ. Montpellier, IRD, INRAE, CIRAD, Inst. Agro Montpellier France
| | - Heidy Schimann
- UMR ECOFOG, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Univ. de Guyane, Univ. des Antilles Kourou France
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Smith EA, Holden EM, Brown C, Cahill Jr JF. Disturbance has lasting effects on functional traits and diversity of grassland plant communities. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13179. [PMID: 35356466 PMCID: PMC8958970 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Localized disturbances within grasslands alter biological properties and may shift species composition. For example, rare species in established communities may become dominant in successional communities if they exhibit traits well-suited to disturbance conditions. Although the idea that plant species exhibit different trait 'strategies' is well established, it is unclear how ecological selection for specific traits may change as a function of disturbance. Further, there is little data available testing whether disturbances select for single trait-characters within communities (homogenization), or allow multiple trait-types to persist (diversification). We investigated how (a) traits and (b) functional diversity of post-disturbance gap communities compared to those in adjacent undisturbed grasslands, and (c) if altered functional diversity resulted in the homogenization or diversification of functional traits. Methods Here we emulate the impacts of an extreme disturbance in a native grassland site. We measured plant community composition of twelve paired 50 × 50 cm plots (24 total) in Alberta, Canada. Each pair consisted of one undisturbed plot and one which had all plants terminated 2 years prior. We used species abundances and a local trait database to calculate community weighted means for maximum height, specific leaf area, specific root length, leaf nitrogen percent, and root nitrogen percent. To test the impacts of disturbance on community functional traits, we calculated functional diversity measures and compared them between disturbed and undisturbed communities. Results Within 2 years, species richness and evenness in disturbed communities had recovered and was equivalent to undisturbed communities. However, disturbed and undisturbed communities had distinct community compositions, resulting in lower functional divergence in disturbed plots. Further, disturbance was linked to increases in community-weighted mean trait values for resource-acquisitive traits, such as specific leaf area, and leaf and root nitrogen. Discussion Disturbance had lasting effects on the functional traits and diversity of communities, despite traditional biodiversity measures such as richness and evenness recovering within 2 years. The trait space of gap communities shifted compared to undisturbed communities such that gap communities were dominated by traits enhancing resource uptake and growth rates. Overall, these results show that short-term disturbance fundamentally changes the functional character of early-successional communities, even if they superficially appear recovered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen A. Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Emily M. Holden
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Charlotte Brown
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada,Desert Laboratory on Tumamoc Hill, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States
| | - James F. Cahill Jr
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Naeem I, Asif T, Zhang T, Guan Y, Wu X, Tariq H, Wang D. Mixing effects of three Eurasian plants on root decomposition in the existence of living plant community in a meadow steppe. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 811:151400. [PMID: 34742802 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In grasslands, roots of different plant species decay in combination in the presence of living plants, besides, most root decomposition studies are conducted on how roots of plants decomposed alone or in artificial compositions in the absence of living plants. Therefore, we evaluated how roots of different perennial plants induced effects on decomposition process under living plants and their associated mechanisms. By using litter bag technique, we determined the root decomposition process of three perennial plants, Leymus chinensis, Phragmites australis, and Kalimeris integrifolia grown in monocultures, bi- and tri-species mixtures, after 12 months of incubation under living plants and bare soil communities. We found both additive and non-additive effects on decomposition dynamics indicating that root mass losses of compositions cannot be calculated from decaying rates of individual species. The rich-nutrient roots of K. integrifolia in monocultures and in mixtures with other plant species decayed faster. Compared with bare soil, microbial activities were enhanced under living plant communities and hence stimulated decomposition rates. Our results indicated that microbial activities are important but secondary factors to root physico-chemical properties impacting root decomposition rates. In conclusion, the empirical relationships developed here are helpful to better understand the effects of root properties and microbial activities on decay rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Naeem
- Institute of Grassland Science/School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, PR China
| | - Talal Asif
- Peatland Ecology Research Group (PERG), Centre for Northern Studies, Department of Plant Sciences, Université Laval, Quebec, Québec, Canada
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Institute of Grassland Science/School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, PR China
| | - Yue Guan
- Institute of Grassland Science/School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, PR China
| | - Xuefeng Wu
- Institute of Grassland Science/School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, PR China
| | - Hina Tariq
- Department of Forestry and Range Management, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Deli Wang
- Institute of Grassland Science/School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ren L, Huang Y, Pan Y, Xiang X, Huo J, Meng D, Wang Y, Yu C. Differential Investment Strategies in Leaf Economic Traits Across Climate Regions Worldwide. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:798035. [PMID: 35356106 PMCID: PMC8959930 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.798035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The leaf economics spectrum (LES) is the leading theory of plant ecological strategies based on functional traits, which explains the trade-off between dry matter investment in leaf structure and the potential rate of resource return, revealing general patterns of leaf economic traits investment for different plant growth types, functional types, or biomes. Prior work has revealed the moderating role of different environmental factors on the LES, but whether the leaf trait bivariate relationships are shifted across climate regions or across continental scales requires further verification. Here we use the Köppen-Geiger climate classification, a very widely used and robust criterion, as a basis for classifying climate regions to explore climatic differences in leaf trait relationships. We compiled five leaf economic traits from a global dataset, including leaf dry matter content (LDMC), specific leaf area (SLA), photosynthesis per unit of leaf dry mass (Amass), leaf nitrogen concentration (Nmass), and leaf phosphorus concentration (Pmass). Moreover, we primarily used the standardized major axis (SMA) analysis to establish leaf trait bivariate relationships and to explore differences in trait relationships across climate regions as well as intercontinental differences within the same climate type. Leaf trait relationships were significantly correlated across almost all subgroups (P < 0.001). However, there was no common slope among different climate zones or climate types and the slopes of the groups fluctuated sharply up and down from the global estimates. The range of variation in the SMA slope of each leaf relationship was as follows: LDMC-SLA relationships (from -0.84 to -0.41); Amass-SLA relationships (from 0.83 to 1.97); Amass-Nmass relationships (from 1.33 to 2.25); Nmass-Pmass relationships (from 0.57 to 1.02). In addition, there was significant slope heterogeneity among continents within the Steppe climate (BS) or the Temperate humid climate (Cf). The shifts of leaf trait relationships in different climate regions provide evidence for environmentally driven differential plant investment in leaf economic traits. Understanding these differences helps to better calibrate various plant-climate models and reminds us that smaller-scale studies may need to be carefully compared with global studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongmei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingping Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxuan Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Dehui Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|