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Abdon NO, Jacobsen E. A modification of Fiske and Subbarow's method for determination of phosphocreatine1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1937.tb01172.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
The total solids of samples of ass's milk ranged from 7·80 to 9·10, the solids-not-fat from 7·14 to 8·50, and the fat from 0·54 to 0·71%.The nitrogen distribution in ass's milk is: casein 39·5, albumin 35·0, globulin 2·7 and non-protein nitrogen 22·8% of the total nitrogen. Ass's milk contains: casein 0·70, albumin 0·62 and globulin 0·07%. The total protein content is 1·39%. Ass's milk is therefore characterized by a low casein, a low globulin and a high albumin content.The non-protein nitrogen consists of amino nitrogen 8·1, urea nitrogen 24·3 and uric acid 0·7 mg./100 ml. of milk. The urea content is twice that present in cow's milk.The mean chloride and lactose contents of the milk samples are 0·037 and 6·1% respectively.The average calcium and phosphorus content of ass's milk are 0·081 and 0·059% respectively. Half the calcium is ionic, and half is in colloidal form.The phosphorus distribution is: total acid soluble 84·0, acid soluble organic 38·5, easily hydrolysable ester 27·4, inorganic 46·0, and colloidal inorganic 23·0 % of the total phosphorus. The ratio of CaO: P2O5is 1:1. 46 % of the total phosphorus is in ester form; this is high when compared with only 12 % in cow's milk; most of the phosphoric ester forms soluble barium salts, which is a distinguishing feature of ass's milk.The total sulphur content is 15·8 mg./100 ml.The fat has a penetrating odour and is coloured orange-yellow. It has an iodine value of about 86, which is much higher than that for human milk fat. The Reichert (9·5) and Kirschner values (5·7) are low.In general, the composition of ass's milk resembles that of human rather than of cow's milk.
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Mawson CA. The re-synthesis of creatinephosphoric acid in frog's muscle poisoned with iodoacetic acid. J Physiol 2007; 78:295-301. [PMID: 16994421 PMCID: PMC1394909 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1933.sp003004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Cruickshank EW, McClure GS. On the question of the utilization of amino acids and fat by the mammalian heart. J Physiol 2007; 86:1-14. [PMID: 16994729 PMCID: PMC1394569 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1936.sp003337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Burns W, Cruickshank EW. Changes in creatine, phosphagen and adenylpyrophosphate in relation to the gaseous metabolism of the heart. J Physiol 2007; 91:314-28. [PMID: 16994937 PMCID: PMC1395143 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1937.sp003562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Brown M, Imrie CG. The influence of the parathyroid on the metabolism of creatine and phosphoric acid: Part I. Phosphate excretion after injections of creatine and parathormone. Part II. Regulation of creatine phosphate after thyroparathyroidectomy, etc. J Physiol 2007; 75:366-79. [PMID: 16994323 PMCID: PMC1394785 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1932.sp002897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Clark AJ, Eggleton MG, Eggleton P. Phosphagen in the perfused heart of the frog. J Physiol 2007; 75:332-44. [PMID: 16994321 PMCID: PMC1394788 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1932.sp002895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Eggleton MG. Diffusion of inorganic phosphate into and out of the skeletal muscles and bones of the frog. J Physiol 2007; 79:31-48. [PMID: 16994441 PMCID: PMC1394928 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1933.sp003024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Lipmann F. Metabolic Generation and Utilization of Phosphate Bond Energy. ADVANCES IN ENZYMOLOGY - AND RELATED AREAS OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470122464.ch4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Van Pilsum JF. Determination of Creatinine and Related Guanidinium Compounds. METHODS OF BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470110232.ch6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kerly
- The Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University College, London
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Nicolaysen R. Studies upon the mode of action of vitamin D: Investigations upon the phosphorus compounds in muscles, liver and kidneys as influenced by different levels of vitamin D and phosphorus in the diet. Biochem J 2006; 30:1329-37. [PMID: 16746162 PMCID: PMC1263189 DOI: 10.1042/bj0301329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Nicolaysen
- The Nutritional Laboratory, University of Cambridge and Medical Research Council
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Boyland E. Phosphoric esters in alcoholic fermentation: Pyrophosphate in yeast preparations. Biochem J 2006; 24:350-4. [PMID: 16744371 PMCID: PMC1254427 DOI: 10.1042/bj0240350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Boyland
- The Biochemical Department, the Lister Institute, London
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Elvehjem CA. Factors affecting the catalytic action of copper in the oxidation of cysteine. Biochem J 2006; 24:415-26. [PMID: 16744381 PMCID: PMC1254440 DOI: 10.1042/bj0240415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Reinhold JG, Kingsley GR. THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF VOLUNTARY MUSCLE IN MUSCLE DISEASE: A COMPARISON OF PROGRESSIVE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY WITH OTHER DISEASES TOGETHER WITH A STUDY OF EFFECTS OF GLYCINE AND CREATINE THERAPY. J Clin Invest 2006; 17:377-83. [PMID: 16694583 PMCID: PMC434792 DOI: 10.1172/jci100963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J G Reinhold
- Division of Biochemistry, The Laboratories, Philadelphia General Hospital, Philadelphia
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BENDALL JR. The shortening of rabbit muscles during rigor mortis; its relation to the breakdown of adenosine triphosphate and creatine phosphate and to muscular contraction. J Physiol 2004; 114:71-88. [PMID: 14861784 PMCID: PMC1392100 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1951.sp004604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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GERLACH E, FLECKENSTEIN A, GROSS E. [Intermediary phosphate metabolism of human erythrocytes; paper chromatographic studies with the use of P32-labeled orthophosphate]. Pflugers Arch 2000; 266:528-55. [PMID: 13600996 DOI: 10.1007/bf00362257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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FLECKENSTEIN A, JANKE J. [Exchange of radioactive, radiophosphorus-labeled orthophosphate with Palpha, Pbeta, and Pgamma of ATP and with creatine phosphate in resting muscle, temperature variations and electric stimulation]. Pflugers Arch 2000; 265:237-63. [PMID: 13542146 DOI: 10.1007/bf00595650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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LUNDHOLM L, MOHME-LUNDHOLM E. The effects of adrenaline and glucose on the content of high-energy phosphate esters in substrate-depleted vascular smooth muscle. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998; 56:130-9. [PMID: 13931698 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1962.tb02490.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Energy-rich phosphate compounds in bull semen: comparison of their metabolism with anaerobic heat production and impedance change frequency. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1961.0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
1. The concentrations of nucleotides and other energy rich phosphate compounds in bull spermatozoa and bull semen were examined at different times during anaerobic incubation at 37 °C. The variations in the concentrations of these compounds were compared with sperm heat production and impedance change frequency during anaerobic incubation. 2. Immediately after collection there were 129 ± 14 p
μ
moles
ATP
, 120 ± 15.5 p
μ
moles
ADP
and 271 ± 22 p
μ
moles
AMP + HR
(in approximately equal quantities) per spermatozoon. (10
3
p
μ
moles x sperm density =
μ
moles/ml. semen.) The correlation between
ATP
and
ADP
concentration per spermatozoon and the percentage of live spermatozoa in the sample was 0.89,
P
< 0.05. 3. During the whole period of incubation, which lasted 120 to 430 min, the following changes in sperm nucleotide content took place; (
a
)
ATP
decreased; (
b
)
ADP
decreased; (
c
) labile-P decreased; (
d
)
AMP + HR
increased; (
e
) there was no inverse relationship between
ATP
and
ADP
. 4. During the first hour of incubation, when there was a sharp fall in heat production and impedance change frequency, there was no comparable decline in
ATP
,
ADP
, or labile-P. In one experiment there was a 55% increase in
ATP
during this period. 5. Contrary to recent reports, compounds which were not nucleotides but which contained highly labile phosphate groups were found in bull semen. Their concentration was about 250 p
μ
moles/spermatozoon, of which 50 p
μ
moles was creatine phosphate. The possibility that the rest was acetyl phosphate or 1, 3-diphosphoglycerate is discussed. 6. When the anaerobic heat production of bull semen fell to zero, which in these experiments we established was not due to exhaustion of fructose in the external medium but to the low pH, ≼5.5, of the seminal plasma, there were still significant amounts of nucleotides present in the spermatozoa.
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INFANTE AA, KLAUPIKS D, DAVIES RE. PHOSPHORYLCREATINE CONSUMPTION DURING SINGLE-WORKING CONTRACTIONS OF ISOLATED MUSCLE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996; 94:504-15. [PMID: 14314358 DOI: 10.1016/0926-6585(65)90059-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Wu SW, Wong SC, Yeung D. Comparative studies of vertebrate and invertebrate pyruvate kinases. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. B, COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1978; 61:93-8. [PMID: 318367 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(78)90221-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
1. Electrophoretic patterns showed that among the vertebrates studied, L isozyme was present in rat and frog liver and also in rat kidney. 2. M2 is a frequent component in vertebrate tissues, giving support to the proposal that M2 is the ancestral form differentiating to other isozymes. 3. The above trend cannot simply apply to invertebrates. 4. Muscle pyruvate kinases from various animals were inhibited by the particular phosphagen present in their muscle. 5. The inhibition may have an important role in the regulation of glycolysis in muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Hong Kong
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PEARSON AM, CARSE WA, DAVEY CL, LOCKER RH, HAGYARD CJ, KIRTON AH. INFLUENCE OF EPINEPHR;INE AND CALCIUM UPON GLYCOLYSIS, TENDERNESS AND SHORTENING OF SHEEP MUSCLE. J Food Sci 1973. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1973.tb07218.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Döring G, Patzer A, Forster B. Untersuchungen über den postmortalen ATP-Stoffwechsel der Magenmuskulatur der Ratte. Pflugers Arch 1965. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00362626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Die energiereichen Phosphate in der M�useniere unter Einwirkung von Inulin und Harnstoff. Pflugers Arch 1960. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00681015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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JANKE J, GERLACH E, FLECKENSTEIN A, MATHE G. [Phosphate metabolism in small intestine mucosa under the influence of glucose resorption. Studies with P-32 marked orthophosphate]. PFLUGERS ARCHIV FUR DIE GESAMTE PHYSIOLOGIE DES MENSCHEN UND DER TIERE 1960; 270:286-307. [PMID: 14406688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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38
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HOCHREIN H, DOERING HJ, WELTEKEN J, LOENNE E. [Energy-rich phosphate of the myocardium in variation of the loading conditions. Experiments on heart-lung preparation in the guinea pig]. PFLUGERS ARCHIV FUR DIE GESAMTE PHYSIOLOGIE DES MENSCHEN UND DER TIERE 1960; 271:548-63. [PMID: 13714782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
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39
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Der Phosphat-Stoffwechsel in der D�nndarmschleimhaut unter dem Einflu� der Glucose-Resorption. Pflugers Arch 1960. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00583425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Papierchromatographische Studien �ber das Verhalten der Adenin-, Guanin- und Uridin-Nucleotide sowie anderer s�urel�slicher Phosphor-Verbindungen im Gro�hirn der Ratte bei Asphyxie und postasphyktischer Erholung. Pflugers Arch 1959. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00362207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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DOERING HJ, KNOPP A, MARTIN T. [Paper chromatographic studies on the behavior of adenine-, guanine-, and uridine-nucleotides as well as other acid-soluble phosphorus compounds in the cerebrum of the rat in asphyxia and post-asphyxic recovery]. PFLUGERS ARCHIV FUR DIE GESAMTE PHYSIOLOGIE DES MENSCHEN UND DER TIERE 1959; 269:375-91. [PMID: 13817193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
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43
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HOCHREIN H, DORING HJ. Der ATP- und Kreatinphosphat-Gehalt des Meerschweinchen-Myokards bei verschiedenen Belastungsgraden am Herz-Lungen-Präparat. Pflugers Arch 1958; 268:56-7. [PMID: 13601086 DOI: 10.1007/bf02291054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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44
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GERLACH E, DORING HJ, FLECKENSTEIN A. Papierchromatographische Studien �ber die Adenin- und Guanin-Nucleotide sowie andere s�urel�sliche Phosphor-Verbindungen des Gehirns bei Narkose, Isch�mie und in Abh�ngigkeit von der Technik der Gewebsentnahme. Pflugers Arch 1958; 266:266-91. [PMID: 13553743 DOI: 10.1007/bf00416777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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45
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HOCHREIN H, DORING HJ, DROH R, KNOPP A. Das Verhalten der energiereichen Phosphat-Verbindungen des Myokards im Normalzustand und bei experimenteller Insuffizienz durch Phenylbutazon. Pflugers Arch 1958; 267:313-30. [PMID: 13601037 DOI: 10.1007/bf00362892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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46
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47
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Hermans N. [Research on the metabolism of muscle during intoxication with monobromacetic acid]. ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES DE PHYSIOLOGIE ET DE BIOCHIMIE 1956; 64:251-68. [PMID: 13328237 DOI: 10.3109/13813455609145426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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48
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ERNSTER L, LINDBERG O. Determination of organic phosphorus compounds by phosphate analysis. METHODS OF BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS 1956; 3:1-22. [PMID: 13369158 DOI: 10.1002/9780470110195.ch1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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49
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50
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MISCHEL W. [Biogenic amines in the placenta. II. Report; creatine and creatinine content in human placenta]. Arch Gynecol Obstet 1955; 185:713-25. [PMID: 13303159 DOI: 10.1007/bf00977020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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