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Chocarro-Calvo A, Jociles-Ortega M, García-Martinez JM, Louphrasitthiphol P, Garcia YV, Ramírez-Sánchez A, Chauhan J, Fiuza MC, Duran M, García-Jiménez C, Goding CR. Phenotype-specific melanoma uptake of fatty acid from human adipocytes activates AXL and CAV1-dependent β-catenin nuclear accumulation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.21.576568. [PMID: 38328032 PMCID: PMC10849526 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.21.576568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Phenotypic diversity of cancer cells within tumors generated through bi-directional interactions with the tumor microenvironment has emerged as a major driver of disease progression and therapy resistance. Nutrient availability plays a critical role in determining phenotype, but whether specific nutrients elicit different responses on distinct phenotypes is poorly understood. Here we show, using melanoma as a model, that only MITF Low undifferentiated cells, but not MITF High cells, are competent to drive lipolysis in human adipocytes. In contrast to MITF High melanomas, adipocyte-derived free fatty acids are taken up by undifferentiated MITF Low cells via a fatty acid transporter (FATP)-independent mechanism. Importantly, oleic acid (OA), a monounsaturated long chain fatty acid abundant in adipose tissue and lymph, reprograms MITF Low undifferentiated melanoma cells to a highly invasive state by ligand-independent activation of AXL, a receptor tyrosine kinase associated with therapy resistance in a wide range of cancers. AXL activation by OA then drives SRC-dependent formation and nuclear translocation of a β-catenin-CAV1 complex. The results highlight how a specific nutritional input drives phenotype-specific activation of a pro-metastasis program with implications for FATP-targeted therapies.
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2
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Bejari M, Sasani ST, Asghari SM, Kolshan MN. Vascular endothelial growth factor antagonist peptides inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in breast cancer through repression of c-src and STAT3 genes. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:9213-9219. [PMID: 37789224 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08822-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most decisive causes of cancer death in women worldwide. Cancer progression and tumor metastasis depend on angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFR1 and VEGFR2) are critically required for tumor angiogenesis. Src is involved in many of the VEGF-mediated pathways. The VEGFRs activate Src via different mechanisms. Given that Src activates STAT3 (signal transducers and activators of transcription) repressing apoptosis and promoting the cell cycle, it may be an important object for cancer treatment. METHODS AND RESULTS A series of VEGF antagonistic peptides, referred to as VGB 1,3 and 4, were designed to bind and block both VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 inhibiting the proliferation of different tumoral cells. We investigated c-Src and STAT3 gene expression changes in murine 4T1 tumors treated by the VGBs. The treated group received 1 and 10 mg kg-1 of the peptides, while the control mice received PBS, intraperitoneally for two weeks. Both of the groups underwent a resection of breast tissue 14 days after treatment. The results of qRT-PCR showed that the expression levels of c-Src and STAT3 genes were significantly decreased, in a dose-dependent manner, after treatment with the different types of VEGF antagonist peptides, compared to the control groups (P < 0.05). The groups treated with 1 mg kg-1 of all three types of VGB showed decreased expression of c-Src and STAT3 less than the groups receiving 10 mg kg-1 of the anti-angiogenic peptides. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, peptides VGB1, 3, and 4, could be effective therapeutic molecules in breast cancer by inhibiting angiogenesis and progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Bejari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - S Mohsen Asghari
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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3
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Iwamoto S, Mori Y, Yamashita T, Ojima K, Akita K, Togano S, Kushiyama S, Yashiro M, Yatera Y, Yamaguchi T, Komiyama A, Sago Y, Itano N, Nakada H. Trophoblast cell surface antigen-2 phosphorylation triggered by binding of galectin-3 drives metastasis through down-regulation of E-cadherin. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104971. [PMID: 37380081 PMCID: PMC10392139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of trophoblast cell surface antigen-2 (Trop-2) is enhanced in many tumor tissues and is correlated with increased malignancy and poor survival of patients with cancer. Previously, we demonstrated that the Ser-322 residue of Trop-2 is phosphorylated by protein kinase Cα (PKCα) and PKCδ. Here, we demonstrate that phosphomimetic Trop-2 expressing cells have markedly decreased E-cadherin mRNA and protein levels. Consistently, mRNA and protein of the E-cadherin-repressing transcription factors zinc finger E-Box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) were elevated, suggesting transcriptional regulation of E-cadherin expression. The binding of galectin-3 to Trop-2 enhanced the phosphorylation and subsequent cleavage of Trop-2, followed by intracellular signaling by the resultant C-terminal fragment. Binding of β-catenin/transcription factor 4 (TCF4) along with the C-terminal fragment of Trop-2 to the ZEB1 promoter upregulated ZEB1 expression. Of note, siRNA-mediated knockdown of β-catenin and TCF4 increased the expression of E-cadherin through ZEB1 downregulation. Knockdown of Trop-2 in MCF-7 cells and DU145 cells resulted in downregulation of ZEB1 and subsequent upregulation of E-cadherin. Furthermore, wild-type and phosphomimetic Trop-2 but not phosphorylation-blocked Trop-2 were detected in the liver and/or lung of some nude mice bearing primary tumors inoculated intraperitoneally or subcutaneously with wild-type or mutated Trop-2 expressing cells, suggesting that Trop-2 phosphorylation, plays an important role in tumor cell mobility in vivo, too. Together with our previous finding of Trop-2 dependent regulation of claudin-7, we suggest that the Trop-2-mediated cascade involves concurrent derangement of both tight and adherence junctions, which may drive metastasis of epithelial tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shungo Iwamoto
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yugo Mori
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yamashita
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuki Ojima
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kaoru Akita
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shingo Togano
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shuhei Kushiyama
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Yatera
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akane Komiyama
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Sago
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoki Itano
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakada
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan.
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4
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Poh AR, Ernst M. Functional roles of SRC signaling in pancreatic cancer: Recent insights provide novel therapeutic opportunities. Oncogene 2023:10.1038/s41388-023-02701-x. [PMID: 37120696 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02701-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignant disease with a 5-year survival rate of <10%. Aberrant activation or elevated expression of the tyrosine kinase c-SRC (SRC) is frequently observed in PDAC and is associated with a poor prognosis. Preclinical studies have revealed a multifaceted role for SRC activation in PDAC, including promoting chronic inflammation, tumor cell proliferation and survival, cancer cell stemness, desmoplasia, hypoxia, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Strategies to inhibit SRC signaling include suppressing its catalytic activity, inhibiting protein stability, or by interfering with signaling components of the SRC signaling pathway including suppressing protein interactions of SRC. In this review, we discuss the molecular and immunological mechanisms by which aberrant SRC activity promotes PDAC tumorigenesis. We also provide a comprehensive update of SRC inhibitors in the clinic, and discuss the clinical challenges associated with targeting SRC in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh R Poh
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, VIC, 3084, Australia.
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, VIC, 3084, Australia.
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5
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Hu Q, Bian Q, Rong D, Wang L, Song J, Huang HS, Zeng J, Mei J, Wang PY. JAK/STAT pathway: Extracellular signals, diseases, immunity, and therapeutic regimens. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1110765. [PMID: 36911202 PMCID: PMC9995824 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1110765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Janus kinase/signal transduction and transcription activation (JAK/STAT) pathways were originally thought to be intracellular signaling pathways that mediate cytokine signals in mammals. Existing studies show that the JAK/STAT pathway regulates the downstream signaling of numerous membrane proteins such as such as G-protein-associated receptors, integrins and so on. Mounting evidence shows that the JAK/STAT pathways play an important role in human disease pathology and pharmacological mechanism. The JAK/STAT pathways are related to aspects of all aspects of the immune system function, such as fighting infection, maintaining immune tolerance, strengthening barrier function, and cancer prevention, which are all important factors involved in immune response. In addition, the JAK/STAT pathways play an important role in extracellular mechanistic signaling and might be an important mediator of mechanistic signals that influence disease progression, immune environment. Therefore, it is important to understand the mechanism of the JAK/STAT pathways, which provides ideas for us to design more drugs targeting diseases based on the JAK/STAT pathway. In this review, we discuss the role of the JAK/STAT pathway in mechanistic signaling, disease progression, immune environment, and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Oujiang Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qihui Bian
- Oujiang Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dingchao Rong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Leiyun Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianan Song
- Oujiang Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hsuan-Shun Huang
- Department of Research, Center for Prevention and Therapy of Gynecological Cancers, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Jun Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Mei
- Oujiang Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peng-Yuan Wang
- Oujiang Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Li ZY, Sun XY. Recent progress in SRC targeted therapy for pancreatic cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2021; 29:621-627. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v29.i12.621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly lethal malignancy with a 5-year survival rate of only 10% and is extremely resistant to chemotherapy. Therefore, developing effective therapeutic drugs is urgently needed. SRC is a proto-oncogenic tyrosine protein kinase and highly expressed in more than 70% of PCs. SRC is involved in regulating the proliferation, infiltration, and metastasis of PC cells as well as tumor angiogenesis, thus representing one of the most promising molecular targets for developing novel drugs. Preclinical studies demonstrate that small-molecule SRC inhibitors display significant anti-cancer activities in vitro and in vivo, and have a synergistic effect with conventional chemotherapy drugs against PC. Some SRC inhibitors have been evaluated in clinical trials. This article analyzes the regulatory mechanism of SRC and the recent progress and problems in developing drugs targeting SRC for the treatment of PC. Unfortunately, up to date no SRC inhibitor or regiment containing SRC inhibitors has been approved for the clinical treatment of PC. In the authors' opinion, the introduction of precision medicine principles to carry out SRC inhibitor clinical trials, combination of immunotherapy and SRC inhibitors, seeking more selective and effective SRC inhibitors, and further exploration of the SRC regulatory network may be the future directions for developing SRC-targeted therapies against PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yi Li
- Hepatosplenic Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xue-Ying Sun
- Hepatosplenic Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
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A Novel Low-Risk Germline Variant in the SH2 Domain of the SRC Gene Affects Multiple Pathways in Familial Colorectal Cancer. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11040262. [PMID: 33916261 PMCID: PMC8066297 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11040262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) shows one of the largest proportions of familial cases among different malignancies, but only 5-10% of all CRC cases are linked to mutations in established predisposition genes. Thus, familial CRC constitutes a promising target for the identification of novel, high- to moderate-penetrance germline variants underlying cancer susceptibility by next generation sequencing. In this study, we performed whole genome sequencing on three members of a family with CRC aggregation. Subsequent integrative in silico analysis using our in-house developed variant prioritization pipeline resulted in the identification of a novel germline missense variant in the SRC gene (V177M), a proto-oncogene highly upregulated in CRC. Functional validation experiments in HT-29 cells showed that introduction of SRCV177M resulted in increased cell proliferation and enhanced protein expression of phospho-SRC (Y419), a potential marker for SRC activity. Upregulation of paxillin, β-Catenin, and STAT3 mRNA levels, increased levels of phospho-ERK, CREB, and CCND1 proteins and downregulation of the tumor suppressor p53 further proposed the activation of several pathways due to the SRCV177M variant. The findings of our pedigree-based study contribute to the exploration of the genetic background of familial CRC and bring insights into the molecular basis of upregulated SRC activity and downstream pathways in colorectal carcinogenesis.
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8
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Zhai W, Ye X, Wang Y, Feng Y, Wang Y, Lin Y, Ding L, Yang L, Wang X, Kuang Y, Fu X, Eugene Chin Y, Jia B, Zhu B, Ren F, Chang Z. CREPT/RPRD1B promotes tumorigenesis through STAT3-driven gene transcription in a p300-dependent manner. Br J Cancer 2021; 124:1437-1448. [PMID: 33531691 PMCID: PMC8039031 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01269-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) has been shown to upregulate gene transcription during tumorigenesis. However, how STAT3 initiates transcription remains to be exploited. This study is to reveal the role of CREPT (cell cycle-related and elevated-expression protein in tumours, or RPRD1B) in promoting STAT3 transcriptional activity. METHODS BALB/c nude mice, CREPT overexpression or deletion cells were employed for the assay of tumour formation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing. RESULTS We demonstrate that CREPT, a recently identified oncoprotein, enhances STAT3 transcriptional activity to promote tumorigenesis. CREPT expression is positively correlated with activation of STAT3 signalling in tumours. Deletion of CREPT led to a decrease, but overexpression of CREPT resulted in an increase, in STAT3-initiated tumour cell proliferation, colony formation and tumour growth. Mechanistically, CREPT interacts with phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3) and facilitates p-STAT3 to recruit p300 to occupy at the promoters of STAT3-targeted genes. Therefore, CREPT and STAT3 coordinately facilitate p300-mediated acetylation of histone 3 (H3K18ac and H3K27ac), further augmenting RNA polymerase II recruitment. Accordingly, depletion of p300 abolished CREPT-enhanced STAT3 transcriptional activity. CONCLUSIONS We propose that CREPT is a co-activator of STAT3 for recruiting p300. Our study provides an alternative strategy for the therapy of cancers related to STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiongjun Ye
- Urology and Lithotripsy Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yinyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yarui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lidan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuning Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanshen Kuang
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyuan Fu
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Eugene Chin
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Baoqing Jia
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bingtao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Fangli Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhijie Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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Tolomeo M, Cascio A. The Multifaced Role of STAT3 in Cancer and Its Implication for Anticancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020603. [PMID: 33435349 PMCID: PMC7826746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 is one of the most complex regulators of transcription. Constitutive activation of STAT3 has been reported in many types of tumors and depends on mechanisms such as hyperactivation of receptors for pro-oncogenic cytokines and growth factors, loss of negative regulation, and excessive cytokine stimulation. In contrast, somatic STAT3 mutations are less frequent in cancer. Several oncogenic targets of STAT3 have been recently identified such as c-myc, c-Jun, PLK-1, Pim1/2, Bcl-2, VEGF, bFGF, and Cten, and inhibitors of STAT3 have been developed for cancer prevention and treatment. However, despite the oncogenic role of STAT3 having been widely demonstrated, an increasing amount of data indicate that STAT3 functions are multifaced and not easy to classify. In fact, the specific cellular role of STAT3 seems to be determined by the integration of multiple signals, by the oncogenic environment, and by the alternative splicing into two distinct isoforms, STAT3α and STAT3β. On the basis of these different conditions, STAT3 can act both as a potent tumor promoter or tumor suppressor factor. This implies that the therapies based on STAT3 modulators should be performed considering the pleiotropic functions of this transcription factor and tailored to the specific tumor type.
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10
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Zhou Y, Chen JJ. STAT3 plays an important role in DNA replication by turning on WDHD1. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:10. [PMID: 33413624 PMCID: PMC7792067 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00524-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a transcription factor that plays a key role in many cellular processes such as cell growth and cancer. However, the functions and mechanisms by which STAT3 regulates cellular processes are not fully understood. RESULTS Here we describe a novel function of STAT3. We demonstrated that STAT3 plays an important role in DNA replication. Specifically, knockdown of STAT3 reduced DNA replication while activation and ectopic expression of STAT3 promoted DNA replication. We further identified the WD repeat and HMG-box DNA-binding protein 1 (WDHD1), which plays an important role in DNA replication initiation, as a novel STAT3 target gene that mediated the DNA replication function of STAT3. We showed that STAT3 bind the promoter/up regulatory region of WDHD1 gene. CONCLUSIONS These studies identified a novel function of STAT3 that is mediated by its newly identified target gene WDHD1 and have important implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunying Zhou
- Medical Research & Laboratory Diagnostic Center, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Medical Research & Laboratory Diagnostic Center, Central Hospital Affiliated To Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,The Cancer Research Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jason J Chen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China. .,The Cancer Research Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Brioudes E, Alibashe-Ahmed M, Lavallard V, Berney T, Bosco D. Syndecan-4 is regulated by IL-1β in β-cells and human islets. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 510:110815. [PMID: 32315719 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Syndecans (SDC) are important multifunctional components of the extracellular matrix mainly described in endothelial cells. We studied the expression and regulation of SDC in cultured MIN6B1 cells and pancreatic islets. qRT-PCR revealed that syndecan-4 (SDC4) was the predominant isoform expressed in MIN6B1 cells and islets compared to other forms of SDC. Immunofluorescence in mouse and human pancreas sections revealed that SDC4 is mainly expressed in β-cells compared to other pancreatic cells. Exposure of MIN6B1 and human islets to IL-1β dose-dependently induced a rapid and transient expression of SDC4 while SRC and STAT3 inhibitors decreased this effect. Exposure of human islets to Il-1β caused an increase of SDC4 shedding, however treatment with STAT3 and SRC inhibitors inhibited this effect. These results indicate that SDC4 is upregulated by IL-1β through the SRC-STAT3 pathway and this pathway is also involved in SDC4 shedding in islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Brioudes
- Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Center of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Mohamed Alibashe-Ahmed
- Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Center of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Lavallard
- Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Center of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Berney
- Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Center of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Domenico Bosco
- Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Center of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland
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12
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Villarroel A, Del Valle-Pérez B, Fuertes G, Curto J, Ontiveros N, Garcia de Herreros A, Duñach M. Src and Fyn define a new signaling cascade activated by canonical and non-canonical Wnt ligands and required for gene transcription and cell invasion. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:919-935. [PMID: 31312879 PMCID: PMC11104847 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03221-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Wnt ligands signal through canonical or non-canonical signaling pathways. Although both routes share common elements, such as the Fz2 receptor, they differ in the co-receptor and in many of the final responses; for instance, whereas canonical Wnts increase β-catenin stability, non-canonical ligands downregulate it. However, both types of ligands stimulate tumor cell invasion. We show here that both the canonical Wnt3a and the non-canonical Wnt5a stimulate Fz2 tyrosine phosphorylation, Fyn binding to Fz2, Fyn activation and Fyn-dependent Stat3 phosphorylation. Wnt3a and Wnt5a require Src for Fz2 tyrosine phosphorylation; Src binds to canonical and non-canonical co-receptors (LRP5/6 and Ror2, respectively) and is activated by Wnt3a and Wnt5a. This Fz2/Fyn/Stat3 branch is incompatible with the classical Fz2/Dvl2 pathway as shown by experiments of over-expression or depletion. Fyn is necessary for transcription of genes associated with invasiveness, such as Snail1, and for activation of cell invasion by both Wnt ligands. Our results extend the knowledge about canonical Wnt pathways, demonstrating additional roles for Fyn in this pathway and describing how this protein kinase is activated by both canonical and non-canonical Wnts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Villarroel
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, CEB, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Beatriz Del Valle-Pérez
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, CEB, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Guillem Fuertes
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, CEB, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Josué Curto
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, CEB, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Neus Ontiveros
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, CEB, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Antonio Garcia de Herreros
- Programa de Recerca en Càncer, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Unidad Asociada CSIC, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, c/Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
- Departament de Ciències, Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mireia Duñach
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, CEB, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
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13
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Liu ZH, Chen ML, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, An X, Luo YL, Liu XM, Liu SX, Liu Q, Yang T, Liu YM, Liu BL, Zhou AJ, Li MZ, Liu YJ, Liu ZX, Zhong Q. ZIC2 is downregulated and represses tumor growth via the regulation of STAT3 in breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:505-518. [PMID: 32064600 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Although early detection and systemic therapies have improved the diagnosis and clinical cure rate of breast cancer, breast cancer remains the most frequently occurring malignant cancer in women due to a lack of sufficiently effective treatments. Thus, to develop potential targeted therapies and thus benefit more patients, it is helpful to understand how cancer cells work. ZIC family members have been shown to play important roles in neural development and carcinogenesis. In our study, we found that ZIC2 is downregulated in breast cancer tissues at both the mRNA and protein levels. Low expression of ZIC2 was correlated with poor outcome in breast cancer patients and serves as an independent prognostic marker. Furthermore, overexpression of ZIC2 repressed, whereas knockdown of ZIC2 promoted, cell proliferation and colony formation ability in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Using ChIP-seq and RNA-seq analysis, we screened and identified STAT3 as a potential target for ZIC2. ZIC2 bound to the STAT3 promoter and repressed the promoter activities of STAT3. ZIC2 knockdown induced the expression of STAT3, increasing the level of phosphorylated STAT3. These results suggest that ZIC2 regulates the transcription of STAT3 by directly binding to the STAT3 promoter. Additionally, interfering STAT3 with siRNAs or inhibitors abrogated the oncogenic effects induced by decreased ZIC2. Taken together, our results indicate that ZIC2 serves as a useful prognostic marker in breast cancer and acts as a tumor suppressor by regulating STAT3, implying that STAT3 inhibitors might provide an alternative treatment option for breast cancer patients with ZIC2 downregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei-Ling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China.,Department of Ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, SYSUCC, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin An
- Department of Medical Oncology, SYSUCC, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Ling Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Min Liu
- Section 3 of Internal Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shang-Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin-Liu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China
| | - Ai-Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China
| | - Man-Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Jie Liu
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China
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14
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Arshad S, Naveed M, Ullia M, Javed K, Butt A, Khawar M, Amjad F. Targeting STAT-3 signaling pathway in cancer for development of novel drugs: Advancements and challenges. Genet Mol Biol 2020; 43:e20180160. [PMID: 32167126 PMCID: PMC7198026 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2018-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT-3) is a transcription
factor that regulates the gene expression of several target genes. These factors
are activated by the binding of cytokines and growth factors with STAT-3
specific receptors on cell membrane. Few years ago, STAT-3 was considered an
acute phase response element having several cellular functions such as
inflammation, cell survival, invasion, metastasis and proliferation, genetic
alteration, and angiogenesis. STAT-3 is activated by several types of
inflammatory cytokines, carcinogens, viruses, growth factors, and oncogenes.
Thus, the STAT3 pathway is a potential target for cancer therapeutics. Abnormal
STAT-3 activity in tumor development and cellular transformation can be targeted
by several genomic and pharmacological methodologies. An extensive review of the
literature has been conducted to emphasize the role of STAT-3 as a unique cancer
drug target. This review article discusses in detail the wide range of STAT-3
inhibitors that show antitumor effects both in vitro and
in vivo. Thus, targeting constitutive STAT-3 signaling is a
remarkable therapeutic methodology for tumor progression. Finally, current
limitations, trials and future perspectives of STAT-3 inhibitors are also
critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundas Arshad
- University of Lahore, Department of Allied Health Sciences, Gujrat Campus, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- University of Central Punjab, Faculty of life sciences, Department of Biotechnology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mahad Ullia
- University of Gujrat, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Sialkot sub Campus, Pakistan
| | - Khadija Javed
- University of Gujrat, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Sialkot sub Campus, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Butt
- University of Gujrat, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Sialkot sub Campus, Pakistan
| | - Masooma Khawar
- University of Gujrat, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Sialkot sub Campus, Pakistan
| | - Fazeeha Amjad
- University of Gujrat, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Sialkot sub Campus, Pakistan
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15
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Signal transduction pathways and resistance to targeted therapies in glioma. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 58:118-129. [PMID: 30685341 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although surgical techniques and adjuvant therapies have undergone progressive development for decades, the therapeutic outcomes for treating glioblastoma (GBM) remain poor. The main reasons for the poor prognosis of gliomas are that limited tumor tissue that can be resected (to preserve brain functions) and that residual tumors are often resistant to irradiation and chemotherapy. Therefore, overcoming the resistance of residual tumors against adjuvant therapy is urgently needed for glioma treatment. Recent large cohort studies of genetic alterations in GBM demonstrated that both genetic information and intracellular molecular signaling are networked in gliomas and that such information may help clarify which molecules or signals serve essential roles in resistance against radiation or chemotherapy, highlighting them as potential novel therapeutic targets against refractory gliomas. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of molecular networks that govern glioma biology, mainly based on cohort studies or recent evidence, with a focus on how intracellular signaling molecules in gliomas associate with each other and regulate refractoriness against current therapy.
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16
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Kaempferol targeting on the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3-ribosomal S6 kinase 2 signaling axis prevents the development of rheumatoid arthritis. Cell Death Dis 2018. [PMID: 29540697 PMCID: PMC5851988 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0433-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory disease that mainly affects the synovial joints. Although involvement of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling pathway has been suggested as an important modulator in RA development, no clear evidence has been provided. In this study, we found that synovial fluid basic FGF (bFGF) concentration was significantly higher in RA than in osteoarthritis (OA) patients. bFGF stimulates proliferation and migration of human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) by activation of the bFGF-FGF receptor 3 (FGFR3)-ribosomal S6 kinase 2 (RSK2) signaling axis. Moreover, a molecular docking study revealed that kaempferol inhibited FGFR3 activity by binding to the active pocket of the FGFR3 kinase domain. Kaempferol forms hydrogen bonds with the FGFR3 backbone oxygen of Glu555 and Ala558 and the side chain of Lys508. Notably, the inhibition of bFGF-FGFR3-RSK2 signaling by kaempferol suppresses the proliferation and migration of RA FLSs and the release of activated T-cell-mediated inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-17, IL-21, and TNF-α. We further found that activated phospho-FGFR3 and -RSK2 were more highly observed in RA than in OA synovium. The hyperplastic lining and sublining lymphoid aggregate layers of RA synovium showed p-RSK2-expressing CD68+ macrophages with high frequency, while pRSK2-expressing CD4+ T-cells was observed at a lower frequency. Notably, kaempferol administration in collagen-induced arthritis mice relieved the frequency and severity of arthritis. Kaempferol reduced osteoclast differentiation in vitro and in vivo relative to the controls and was associated with the inhibition of osteoclast markers, such as tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, integrin β3, and MMP9. Conclusively, our data suggest that bFGF-induced FGFR3-RSK2 signaling may play a critical role during the initiation and progression of RA in terms of FLS proliferation and enhanced osteoclastogenesis, and that kaempferol may be effective as a new treatment for RA.
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17
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Dihydroartemisinin suppresses STAT3 signaling and Mcl-1 and Survivin expression to potentiate ABT-263-induced apoptosis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer cells harboring EGFR or RAS mutation. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 150:72-85. [PMID: 29360439 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common malignancy worldwide. A significant fraction of NSCLC carries activating mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) or RAS oncogene. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is a semisynthetic derivative of the herbal antimalarial drug artemisinin that has been recently reported to exhibit anti-cancer activity. To develop new therapeutic strategies for NSCLC, we investigated the interactions between DHA and ABT-263 in NSCLC cells harboring EGFR or RAS mutation. Our data indicated that DHA synergized with ABT-263 to trigger Bax-dependent apoptosis in NSCLC cells in culture. DHA treatment antagonized ABT-263-induced Mcl-1 upregulation and sensitized NSCLC cells to ABT-263-triggered apoptosis. Additionally, DHA treatment caused downregulation of Survivin and upregulation of Bim, which also contribute to cotreatment-induced cytotoxicity. Moreover, DHA effectively suppressed STAT3 phosphorylation, and STAT3 inactivation resulted in the downregulation of Mcl-1 and Survivin, functioning to enhance ABT-263-induced cytotoxicity. Finally, cotreatment of DHA and ABT-263 significantly inhibited xenograft growth in nude mice. Together, DHA effectively inhibits STAT3 activity and modulates expression of Mcl-1, Survivin and Bim, thereby synergizing with ABT-263 to trigger apoptosis in NSCLC cells harboring EGFR or RAS mutation. Our data provide a novel therapeutic strategy for EGFR or RAS mutant NSCLC treatment.
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18
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Topical Sunitinib ointment alleviates Psoriasis-like inflammation by inhibiting the proliferation and apoptosis of keratinocytes. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 824:57-63. [PMID: 29382533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic auto-immune inflammation disease with skin lesions and abnormal keratinocyte proliferation. Sunitinib, a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is known to selectively inhibit several growth factor receptors, including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, platelet-derived growth factor receptor and stem cell factor. It was reported that a patient with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) whose psoriatic lesion was resolved dramatically during treatment with Sunitinib, however, the mechanism is still unclear. We applied Sunitinib ointment to treat imiquimod-induced mouse model of psoriasis and found that Sunitinib ointment could alleviate imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like inflammation and reduce the Ki67 expression, while Sunitinib ointment couldn't reduce imiquimod-induced splenomegaly of the mouse model, then we concentrated on studying the effect of Sunitinib on the proliferation and apoptosis of keratinocytes, we cultivated HaCaT cells with epidermal growth factor (HaCaT/E cells) to represent as a state of highly proliferative psoriatic keratinocytes. We found that Sunitinib could inhibit the proliferation of Hacat/E cell in a time and concentration dependent manner by influencing the expression level of cell cycle protein D1, cycle protein E1, in addition, Sunitinib could induce the apoptosis of Hacat/E cell and up-regulate the expression of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP). Sunitinib down-regulated the expression of phosphorylated signal transduction and activator of transcription 3 (p-Stat3) of Hacat/E cells significantly. We conclude that Sunitinib alleviates imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like inflammation by regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of HaCaT cells through inhibiting the expression of p-Stat3.
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19
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Hsu TI, Wang YC, Hung CY, Yu CH, Su WC, Chang WC, Hung JJ. Positive feedback regulation between IL10 and EGFR promotes lung cancer formation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:20840-54. [PMID: 26956044 PMCID: PMC4991496 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of IL10 in the tumorigenesis of various cancer types is still controversial. Here, we found that increased IL10 levels are correlated with a poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. Moreover, IL10 levels were significantly increased in the lungs and serum of EGFRL858R- and Kras4bG12D-induced lung cancer mice, indicating that IL10 might facilitate lung cancer tumorigenesis. IL10 knockout in EGFRL858R and Kras4bG12D mice inhibited the development of lung tumors and decreased the levels of infiltrating M2 macrophages and tumor-promoting Treg lymphocytes. We also showed that EGF increases IL10 expression by enhancing IL10 mRNA stability, and IL10 subsequently activates JAK1/STAT3, Src, PI3K/Akt, and Erk signaling pathways. Interestingly, the IL10-induced recruitment of phosphorylated Src was critical for inducing EGFR through the activation of the JAK1/STAT3 pathway, suggesting that Src and JAK1 positively regulate each other to enhance STAT3 activity. Doxycycline-induced EGFRL858R mice treated with gefitinib and anti-IL10 antibodies exhibited poor tumor formation. In conclusion, IL10 and EGFR regulate each other through positive feedback, which leads to lung cancer formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-I Hsu
- Center for Infection Disease and Signal Research, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chang Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Hung
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hui Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chou Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- Center for Infection Disease and Signal Research, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jan-Jong Hung
- Center for Infection Disease and Signal Research, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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20
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Park J, Kim S, Joh J, Remick SC, Miller DM, Yan J, Kanaan Z, Chao JH, Krem MM, Basu SK, Hagiwara S, Kenner L, Moriggl R, Bunting KD, Tse W. MLLT11/AF1q boosts oncogenic STAT3 activity through Src-PDGFR tyrosine kinase signaling. Oncotarget 2018; 7:43960-43973. [PMID: 27259262 PMCID: PMC5190071 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Constitutive STAT3 activation by tyrosine phosphorylation of mutated or amplified tyrosine kinases (pYSTAT3) is critical for cancer initiation, progression, invasion, and motility of carcinoma cells. We showed that AF1q is associated with STAT3 signaling in breast cancer cells. In xenograft models, enhanced AF1q expression activated STAT3 and promoted tumor growth and metastasis in immunodeficient NSG mice. The cytokine secretory phenotype of MDA-MB-231LN breast cancer cells with altered AF1q expression revealed changes in expression of platelet-derived growth factor subunit B (PDGF-B). AF1q-induced PDGF-B stimulated motility, migration, and invasion of MDA-MB-231LN cells, and AF1q up-regulated platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) signaling. Further, AF1q-induced PDGFR signaling enhanced STAT3 activity through Src kinase activation, which could be blocked by the Src kinase inhibitor PP1. Moreover, AF1q up-regulated tyrosine kinase signaling through PDGFR signaling, which was blockable by imatinib. In conclusion, we demonstrated that enhanced AF1q expression contributes to persistent and oncogenic pYSTAT3 levels in invasive carcinoma cells by activating Src kinase through activation of the PDGF-B/PDGFR cascade. Therefore, AF1q plays an essential role as a cofactor in PDGF-B-driven STAT3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jino Park
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.,Division of Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Soojin Kim
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.,Division of Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Joongho Joh
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Scot C Remick
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Portland, ME, USA
| | - Donald M Miller
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Jun Yan
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.,Department of Medicine and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Zeyad Kanaan
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Ju-Hsien Chao
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.,Division of Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Maxwell M Krem
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.,Division of Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Soumit K Basu
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.,Division of Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Shotaro Hagiwara
- Division of Hematology, Internal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku, Japan
| | - Lukas Kenner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria.,Clinical Institute for Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Unit of Pathology of Laboratory Animals (UPLA), University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Moriggl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kevin D Bunting
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - William Tse
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.,Division of Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
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21
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Masliantsev K, Pinel B, Balbous A, Guichet PO, Tachon G, Milin S, Godet J, Duchesne M, Berger A, Petropoulos C, Wager M, Karayan-Tapon L. Impact of STAT3 phosphorylation in glioblastoma stem cells radiosensitization and patient outcome. Oncotarget 2017; 9:3968-3979. [PMID: 29423098 PMCID: PMC5790515 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) represents the most common and lethal primary malignant brain tumor. The standard treatment for glioblastoma patients involves surgical resection with concomitant radio and chemotherapy. Despite today’s clinical protocol, the prognosis for patients remains very poor with a median survival of 15 months. Tumor resistance and recurrence is strongly correlated with a subpopulation of highly radioresistant and invasive cells termed Glioblastoma Stem Cells (GSCs). The transcription factor STAT3 has been found to be constitutively activated in different tumors including GBM and enhanced tumor radioresistance. In this study, we assessed radiosensitization of GSC lines isolated from patients by inhibition of STAT3 activation using Stattic or WP1066. We showed that inhibitor treatment before cell irradiation decreased the surviving fraction of GSCs suggesting that STAT3 inhibition could potentiate radiation effects. Finally, we investigated STAT3 activation status on 61 GBM clinical samples and found a preferential phosphorylation of STAT3 on Serine727 (pS727). Moreover, we found that pS727 was associated with a significant lower overall patient survival and progression-free survival but not pY705. Taken together, our results suggest that pS727-STAT3 could be a potential prognostic marker and could constitute a therapeutic target to sensitize highly radioresistant GSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Masliantsev
- Inserm U1084, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, Poitiers F-86073, France.,Université de Poitiers, Poitiers F-86073, France.,CHU de Poitiers, Laboratoire de Cancérologie Biologique, Poitiers F-86022, France
| | - Baptiste Pinel
- CHU de Poitiers, Service d'Oncologie Radiothérapique, Poitiers F-86021, France
| | - Anaïs Balbous
- Inserm U1084, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, Poitiers F-86073, France.,Université de Poitiers, Poitiers F-86073, France.,CHU de Poitiers, Laboratoire de Cancérologie Biologique, Poitiers F-86022, France
| | - Pierre-Olivier Guichet
- Inserm U1084, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, Poitiers F-86073, France.,Université de Poitiers, Poitiers F-86073, France.,CHU de Poitiers, Laboratoire de Cancérologie Biologique, Poitiers F-86022, France
| | - Gaëlle Tachon
- Inserm U1084, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, Poitiers F-86073, France.,Université de Poitiers, Poitiers F-86073, France.,CHU de Poitiers, Laboratoire de Cancérologie Biologique, Poitiers F-86022, France
| | - Serge Milin
- CHU de Poitiers, Service d'Anatomo-Cytopathologie, Poitiers F-86021, France
| | - Julie Godet
- CHU de Poitiers, Service d'Anatomo-Cytopathologie, Poitiers F-86021, France
| | - Mathilde Duchesne
- CHU de Poitiers, Service d'Anatomo-Cytopathologie, Poitiers F-86021, France
| | - Antoine Berger
- CHU de Poitiers, Service d'Oncologie Radiothérapique, Poitiers F-86021, France
| | - Christos Petropoulos
- Inserm U1084, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, Poitiers F-86073, France.,Université de Poitiers, Poitiers F-86073, France.,CHU de Poitiers, Laboratoire de Cancérologie Biologique, Poitiers F-86022, France
| | - Michel Wager
- Université de Poitiers, Poitiers F-86073, France.,CHU de Poitiers, Service de Neurochirurgie, Poitiers F-86021, France
| | - Lucie Karayan-Tapon
- Inserm U1084, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, Poitiers F-86073, France.,Université de Poitiers, Poitiers F-86073, France.,CHU de Poitiers, Laboratoire de Cancérologie Biologique, Poitiers F-86022, France
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22
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Tao Z, Meng X, Han YQ, Xue MM, Wu S, Wu P, Yuan Y, Zhu Q, Zhang TJ, Wong CCL. Therapeutic Mechanistic Studies of ShuFengJieDu Capsule in an Acute Lung Injury Animal Model Using Quantitative Proteomics Technology. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:4009-4019. [PMID: 28880561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ShuFengJieDu capsule (SFJDC), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that contains eight medicinal herbs, has been extensively utilized for the treatment of acute lung injury (ALI) and respiratory infections for more than 30 years in China. SFJDC has also been listed in the official guidelines of the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) due to its stable clinical manifestations. However, the underlying mechanism of SFJDC during ALI repair remains unclear. In the present study, we explored the protective and therapeutic mechanisms of SFJDC in a rat model by performing qualitative and label-free quantitative proteomics studies. After establishing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI rat models, we profiled macrophage cells isolated from freshly resected rat lung tissues derived from ALI models and ALI rat lung tissue sections using a high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) shotgun proteomics approach to identify changes in the expression levels of proteins of interest. On the basis of our proteomics results and the results of a protein dysregulation analysis of ALI rat lung tissues and rat lung macrophages, AKT1 was selected as a putative key factor that may play an important role in mediating the effects of SFJDC treatment during ALI progression. Follow-up validation studies demonstrated that AKT1 expression effectively regulates various ALI-related molecules, and Gene Ontology analysis indicated that SFJDC-treated ALI rat macrophages were influenced by AKT1-based networks. Gain- and loss-of-function analyses following lentivirus-AKT1 or lentivirus-si-AKT1 infection in macrophages also indicated that AKT1 was essential for the development of ALI due to its ability to regulate oxidative stress, apoptosis, or inflammatory responses. In summary, SFJDC effectively modulated anti-inflammatory and immunomodulation activity during ALI, potentially due to AKT1 regulation during ALI progression. New insights into SFJDC mechanisms may facilitate the development of novel pharmaceutical strategies to control the expression of inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xia Meng
- National Center for Protein Science (Shanghai), Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yan-Qi Han
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research , Tianjin 300193, China
| | | | - Shifei Wu
- National Center for Protein Science (Shanghai), Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ping Wu
- National Center for Protein Science (Shanghai), Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201210, China
| | | | - Qiang Zhu
- Anhui Jiren Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Bozhou 236800, China
| | - Tie-Jun Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research , Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Catherine C L Wong
- National Center for Protein Science (Shanghai), Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201210, China
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Methylisoindigo and Its Bromo-Derivatives Are Selective Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors, Repressing Cellular Stat3 Activity, and Target CD133+ Cancer Stem Cells in PDAC. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22091546. [PMID: 32961646 PMCID: PMC6151689 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Indirubin is an active component of the herbal ingredient ‘Danggui Longhui wan’, which was used for the treatment of inflammation and chronic myeloid leukemia in China. The recent study showed its derivative methylisoindigo (also known as meisoindigo) preferentially targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) in interference with AMPK and LKB1, the cellular metabolic sensors. In this study, we screened the effect of meisoindigo on a panel of 300 protein kinases and found that it selectively inhibited Stat3-associated tyrosine kinases and further confirmed its activity in cell based assays. To gain a deeper insight into the structure–activity relationship we produced 7 bromo-derivatives exhausting the accessible positions on the bisindole backbone except for in the 4-position due to the space limitation. We compared their anti-proliferative effects on tumor cells. We found that 6-bromomeisoindigo showed improved toxicity in company with increased Stat3 inhibition. Moreover, we detected that 6-bromomeisoindigo induced apoptosis of 95% of CD133+ pancreatic cancer cells. Considering that CD133 is a common marker highly expressed in a range of CSCs, our results imply the potential application of 6-bromomeisoindigo for the treatment of CSCs in different types of cancers.
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Bowman T, Yu H, Sebti S, Dalton W, Jove R. Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription: Novel Targets for Anticancer Therapeutics. Cancer Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/107327489900600501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Through specific activation of gene expression, the family of proteins known as signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) converts extracellular stimuli into diverse biological responses. Beyond the normal signaling functions of STATs, recent evidence indicates that aberrant activation of STATs contributes to neoplastic transformation. Methods Current literature pertaining to the role of STAT proteins in oncogenesis is presented. Also, the rationale for developing novel approaches to disrupt STAT signaling is discussed, and the potential of STATs as anticancer targets in treating human cancer is reviewed. Results The discovery that certain oncoproteins constitutively activate specific STATs, coupled with observations that elevated STAT activity occurs frequently in a spectrum of human tumors, establishes a direct link between STAT activation and neoplastic transformation. Significantly, abrogation of STAT signaling blocks oncogenesis in model in vitro and in vivo systems. These results make STATs attractive targets for rational design of small molecule inhibitors and gene therapy approaches to disrupt STAT signaling. Conclusions As a result of genetic, biochemical, and crystallographic analyses, the functional domains of STAT proteins have been well characterized. Based on these data, selective inhibitors of STAT function can be designed. Because disrupting STAT signaling has proven effective in blocking neoplastic transformation, it is proposed that STAT proteins represent promising targets for development of novel molecular therapeutics to treat human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Bowman
- Molecular Oncology Program at the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Fla
| | - Hua Yu
- Immunology Program at the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Fla
| | - Saïd Sebti
- Drug Discovery Program at the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Fla
| | - William Dalton
- Clinical Investigations Program at the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Fla
| | - Richard Jove
- Molecular Oncology Program at the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Fla
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25
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Alteration of SHP-1/p-STAT3 Signaling: A Potential Target for Anticancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18061234. [PMID: 28594363 PMCID: PMC5486057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP-1), a non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase, has been reported as a negative regulator of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and linked to tumor development. In this present review, we will discuss the importance and function of SHP-1/p-STAT3 signaling in nonmalignant conditions as well as malignancies, its cross-talk with other pathways, the current clinical development and the potential role of inhibitors of this pathway in anticancer therapy and clinical relevance of SHP-1/p-STAT3 in cancers. Lastly, we will summarize and highlight work involving novel drugs/compounds targeting SHP-1/p-STAT3 signaling and combined strategies that were/are discovered in our and our colleagues’ laboratories.
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26
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Panse G, Leung CH, Ingram DR, Wani K, Torres KE, Lin H, Lazar AJ, Wang WL. The role of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pSTAT3) in peripheral nerve sheath tumours. Histopathology 2017; 70:946-953. [PMID: 27992966 DOI: 10.1111/his.13154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS STAT3 is a pro-oncogenic transcription factor that requires phosphorylation for transcriptional activation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3) expression in neurofibromas, schwannomas, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNSTs). METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-six neurofibromas, 62 schwannomas and 39 MPNSTs from a formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue microarray were examined. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed with an anti-pSTAT3 (Tyr705) antibody. Nuclear expression was reviewed for both intensity and percentage of tumoral labelling. Distributions of disease-specific overall survival (DSOS) and event-free survival (EFS) were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method, and compared between two pSTAT3 groups by use of the log-rank test. MPNSTs had higher median tumoral labelling than neurofibromas (P = 0.0012) or schwannomas (P = 0.0008). Moderate to strong pSTAT3 expression (defined as at least moderate labelling in ≥50% of cells) was found more frequently in MPNSTs than in neurofibromas (P = 0.026). Among MPNSTs, pSTAT3 expression differed between primary, recurrent and metastatic disease (P = 0.063 with increased expression in recurrent and metastatic cases). pSTAT3 expression (at least moderate labelling in ≥10% of cells) in primary MPNSTs was associated with worse DSOS (P = 0.048) and trended towards being associated with worse EFS (P = 0.063). Paired specimens revealed no increase in pSTAT3 expression in the recurrences or metastases relative to the primary tumour, suggesting that pSTAT3 expression may be an early indicator of aggressive disease at disease onset. CONCLUSIONS pSTAT3 is expressed in a higher proportion of MPNSTs than neurofibromas and schwannomas. Moderate to strong pSTAT3 expression in ≥10% of cells was found to be a negative prognostic factor for DSOS among primary MPNSTs, suggesting a role of pSTAT3 in the progression of these tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauri Panse
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cheuk H Leung
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Davis R Ingram
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Khalida Wani
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Keila E Torres
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Heather Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alexander J Lazar
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wei-Lien Wang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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27
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Lee SH, Park SW. [Inflammation and Cancer Development in Pancreatic and Biliary Tract Cancer]. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2016; 66:325-39. [PMID: 26691190 DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2015.66.6.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation has been known to be a risk for many kinds of cancers, including pancreatic and biliary tract cancer. Recently, inflammatory process has emerged as a key mediator of cancer development and progression. Many efforts with experimental results have been given to identify the underlying mechanisms that contribute to inflammation-induced tumorigenesis. Diverse inflammatory pathways have been investigated and inhibitors for inflammation-related signaling pathways have been developed for cancer treatment. This review will summarize recent outcomes about this distinctive process in pancreatic and biliary tract cancer. Taking this evidence into consideration, modulation of inflammatory process will provide useful options for pancreatic and biliary tract cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Pancreatobiliary Cancer Center, Yonsei Cancer Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Woo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Pancreatobiliary Cancer Center, Yonsei Cancer Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Siavash H, Nikitakis N, Sauk J. Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription: Insights into the Molecular Basis of Oral Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 15:298-307. [DOI: 10.1177/154411130401500505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent efforts on developing more direct and effective targets for cancer therapy have revolved around a family of transcription factors known as STATs (signal transducers and activators of transcription). STAT proteins are latent cytoplasmic transcription factors that become activated in response to extracellular signaling proteins. STAT proteins have been convincingly reported to possess oncogenic properties in a plethora of human cancers, including oral and oropharyngeal cancer. Signal transduction pathways mediated by these oncogenic transcription factors and their regulation in oral cancer are the focus of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Siavash
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences and Pathology, University of Maryland, Dental School, 666 West Baltimore Street, Room 4-C-02, Baltimore, MD 21201; and
- Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - N.G. Nikitakis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences and Pathology, University of Maryland, Dental School, 666 West Baltimore Street, Room 4-C-02, Baltimore, MD 21201; and
- Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - J.J. Sauk
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences and Pathology, University of Maryland, Dental School, 666 West Baltimore Street, Room 4-C-02, Baltimore, MD 21201; and
- Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201
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29
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Zimmers TA, Fishel ML, Bonetto A. STAT3 in the systemic inflammation of cancer cachexia. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 54:28-41. [PMID: 26860754 PMCID: PMC4867234 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Weight loss is diagnostic of cachexia, a debilitating syndrome contributing mightily to morbidity and mortality in cancer. Most research has probed mechanisms leading to muscle atrophy and adipose wasting in cachexia; however cachexia is a truly systemic phenomenon. Presence of the tumor elicits an inflammatory response and profound metabolic derangements involving not only muscle and fat, but also the hypothalamus, liver, heart, blood, spleen and likely other organs. This global response is orchestrated in part through circulating cytokines that rise in conditions of cachexia. Exogenous Interleukin-6 (IL6) and related cytokines can induce most cachexia symptomatology, including muscle and fat wasting, the acute phase response and anemia, while IL-6 inhibition reduces muscle loss in cancer. Although mechanistic studies are ongoing, certain of these cachexia phenotypes have been causally linked to the cytokine-activated transcription factor, STAT3, including skeletal muscle wasting, cardiac dysfunction and hypothalamic inflammation. Correlative studies implicate STAT3 in fat wasting and the acute phase response in cancer cachexia. Parallel data in non-cancer models and disease states suggest both pathological and protective functions for STAT3 in other organs during cachexia. STAT3 also contributes to cancer cachexia through enhancing tumorigenesis, metastasis and immune suppression, particularly in tumors associated with high prevalence of cachexia. This review examines the evidence linking STAT3 to multi-organ manifestations of cachexia and the potential and perils for targeting STAT3 to reduce cachexia and prolong survival in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa A Zimmers
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States; IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States; IUPUI Center for Cachexia Research Innovation and Therapy, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States.
| | - Melissa L Fishel
- IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States.
| | - Andrea Bonetto
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States; IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States; IUPUI Center for Cachexia Research Innovation and Therapy, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States.
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30
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Ali AM, Gómez-Biagi RF, Rosa DA, Lai PS, Heaton WL, Park JS, Eiring AM, Vellore NA, de Araujo ED, Ball DP, Shouksmith AE, Patel AB, Deininger MW, O'Hare T, Gunning PT. Disarming an Electrophilic Warhead: Retaining Potency in Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI)-Resistant CML Lines While Circumventing Pharmacokinetic Liabilities. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:850-61. [PMID: 27028877 PMCID: PMC4963206 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacologic blockade of the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell lines characterized by kinase-independent resistance was shown to re-sensitize CML cells to TKI therapy, suggesting that STAT3 inhibitors in combination with TKIs are an effective combinatorial therapeutic for the treatment of CML. Benzoic acid- and hydroxamic acid-based STAT3 inhibitors SH-4-054 and SH-5-007, developed previously in our laboratory, demonstrated promising activity against these resistant CML cell lines. However, pharmacokinetic studies in murine models (CD-1 mice) revealed that both SH-4-054 and SH-5-007 are susceptible to glutathione conjugation at the para position of the pentafluorophenyl group via nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SN Ar). To determine whether the electrophilicity of the pentafluorophenyl sulfonamide could be tempered, an in-depth structure-activity relationship (SAR) study of the SH-4-054 scaffold was conducted. These studies revealed that AM-1-124, possessing a 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenylsulfonamide group, retained STAT3 protein affinity (Ki =15 μm), as well as selectivity over STAT1 (Ki >250 μm). Moreover, in both hepatocytes and in in vivo pharmacokinetic studies (CD-1 mice), AM-1-124 was found to be dramatically more stable than SH-4-054 (t1/2 =1.42 h cf. 10 min, respectively). AM-1-124 is a promising STAT3-targeting inhibitor with demonstrated bioavailability, suitable for evaluation in preclinical cancer models.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacokinetics
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Biological Availability
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Mice
- Molecular Structure
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/chemical synthesis
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/chemistry
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacokinetics
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Sulfonamides/chemical synthesis
- Sulfonamides/chemistry
- Sulfonamides/pharmacology
- para-Aminobenzoates/chemical synthesis
- para-Aminobenzoates/chemistry
- para-Aminobenzoates/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
| | - Rodolfo F Gómez-Biagi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - David A Rosa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Ping-Shan Lai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - William L Heaton
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - Ji Sung Park
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Anna M Eiring
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Nadeem A Vellore
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Elvin D de Araujo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Dan P Ball
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Andrew E Shouksmith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Ami B Patel
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Michael W Deininger
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Thomas O'Hare
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Patrick T Gunning
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada.
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Yang Z, Guo L, Liu D, Sun L, Chen H, Deng Q, Liu Y, Yu M, Ma Y, Guo N, Shi M. Acquisition of resistance to trastuzumab in gastric cancer cells is associated with activation of IL-6/STAT3/Jagged-1/Notch positive feedback loop. Oncotarget 2016; 6:5072-87. [PMID: 25669984 PMCID: PMC4467134 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we demonstrate that prolonged treatment by trastuzumab induced resistance of NCI-N87 gastric cancer cells to trastuzumab. The resistant cells possessed typical characteristics of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)/cancer stem cells and acquired more invasive and metastatic potentials both in vitro and in vivo. Long term treatment with trastuzumab dramatically inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt, but triggered the activation of STAT3. The level of IL-6 was remarkably increased, implicating that the release of IL-6 that drives the STAT3 activation initiates the survival signaling transition. Furthermore, the Notch activities were significantly enhanced in the resistant cells, companied by upregulation of the Notch ligand Jagged-1 and the Notch responsive genes Hey1 and Hey2. Inhibiting the endogenous Notch pathway reduced the IL-6 expression and restored the sensitivities of the resistant cells to trastuzumab. Blocking of the STAT3 signaling abrogated IL-6-induced Jagged-1 expression, effectively inhibited the growth of the trastuzumab resistant cells, and enhanced the anti-tumor activities of trastuzumab in the resistant cells. These findings implicate that the IL-6/STAT3/Jagged-1/Notch axis may be a useful target and that combination of the Notch or STAT3 inhibitors with trastuzumab may prevent or delay clinical resistance and improve the efficacy of trastuzumab in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyan Yang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Liang Guo
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Dan Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Limin Sun
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Que Deng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Medical School of Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China
| | - Ming Yu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yuanfang Ma
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Medical School of Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China
| | - Ning Guo
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ming Shi
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
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32
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DOKDUANG HASAYA, YONGVANIT PUANGRAT, NAMWAT NISANA, PAIROJKUL CHAWALIT, SANGKHAMANON SAKKARN, YAGETA MIKASAKURAI, MURAKAMI YOSHINORI, LOILOME WATCHARIN. Xanthohumol inhibits STAT3 activation pathway leading to growth suppression and apoptosis induction in human cholangiocarcinoma cells. Oncol Rep 2016; 35:2065-72. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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33
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Geiger JL, Grandis JR, Bauman JE. The STAT3 pathway as a therapeutic target in head and neck cancer: Barriers and innovations. Oral Oncol 2015; 56:84-92. [PMID: 26733183 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2015.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Proteins of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family mediate cellular responses to cytokines and growth factors. Aberrant regulation of the STAT3 oncogene contributes to tumor formation and progression in many cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), where hyperactivation of STAT3 is implicated in both treatment resistance and immune escape. There are no oncogenic gain-of-function mutations in HNSCC. Rather, aberrant STAT3 signaling is primarily driven by upstream growth factor receptors, such as Janus kinase (JAK) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Moreover, genomic silencing of select protein tyrosine phosphatase receptors (PTPRs), tumor suppressors that dephosphorylate STAT3, may lead to prolonged phosphorylation and activation of STAT3. This review will summarize current knowledge of the STAT3 pathway and its contribution to HNSCC growth, survival, and resistance to standard therapies, and discuss STAT3-targeting agents in various phases of clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Geiger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jennifer R Grandis
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Julie E Bauman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
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Li Q, Zhang D, Chen X, He L, Li T, Xu X, Li M. Nuclear PKM2 contributes to gefitinib resistance via upregulation of STAT3 activation in colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16082. [PMID: 26542452 PMCID: PMC4635355 DOI: 10.1038/srep16082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gefitinib (Iressa, ZD-1839), a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway, is currently under investigation in clinical trials for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, as known, some patients develop resistance to TKIs, and the mechanisms mediating intrinsic resistance to EGFR-TKIs in CRC have not been fully characterized. Resistance to EGFR inhibitors reportedly involves activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in glioma and lung cancer. Here, we demonstrated that the nuclear pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2) levels were positively correlated with gefitinib resistance in CRC cells. The overexpression of nuclear PKM2 in HT29 cells decreased the effect of gefitinib therapy, whereas PKM2 knockdown increased gefitinib efficacy. Furthermore, the activation of STAT3 by nuclear PKM2 was associated with gefitinib resistance. Inhibition of STAT3 by Stattic, a STAT3-specific inhibitor, or STAT3-specific siRNA sensitized resistant cells to gefitinib. These results suggest that nuclear PKM2 modulates the sensitivity of CRC cells to gefitinib and indicate that small molecule pharmacological disruption of nuclear PKM2 association with STAT3 is a potential avenue for overcoming EGFR-TKI resistance in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Daoxiang Zhang
- Division of Oncology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Lei He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Tianming Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xiaoping Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
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Schaper F, Rose-John S. Interleukin-6: Biology, signaling and strategies of blockade. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2015; 26:475-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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36
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Wake MS, Watson CJ. STAT3 the oncogene - still eluding therapy? FEBS J 2015; 282:2600-11. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.13285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Fleming JD, Giresi PG, Lindahl-Allen M, Krall EB, Lieb JD, Struhl K. STAT3 acts through pre-existing nucleosome-depleted regions bound by FOS during an epigenetic switch linking inflammation to cancer. Epigenetics Chromatin 2015; 8:7. [PMID: 25784959 PMCID: PMC4362815 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8935-8-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transient induction of the Src oncoprotein in a non-transformed breast cell line can initiate an epigenetic switch to a cancer cell via a positive feedback loop that involves activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 protein (STAT3) and NF-κB transcription factors. RESULTS We show that during the transformation process, nucleosome-depleted regions (defined by formaldehyde-assisted isolation of regulatory elements (FAIRE)) are largely unchanged and that both before and during transformation, STAT3 binds almost exclusively to previously open chromatin regions. Roughly, a third of the transformation-inducible genes require STAT3 for the induction. STAT3 and NF-κB appear to drive the regulation of different gene sets during the transformation process. Interestingly, STAT3 directly regulates the expression of NFKB1, which encodes a subunit of NF-κB, and IL6, a cytokine that stimulates STAT3 activity. Lastly, many STAT3 binding sites are also bound by FOS and the expression of several AP-1 factors is altered during transformation in a STAT3-dependent manner, suggesting that STAT3 may cooperate with AP-1 proteins. CONCLUSIONS These observations uncover additional complexities to the inflammatory feedback loop that are likely to contribute to the epigenetic switch. In addition, gene expression changes during transformation, whether driven by pre-existing or induced transcription factors, occur largely through pre-existing nucleosome-depleted regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Fleming
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Paul G Giresi
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, 920 E. 58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Marianne Lindahl-Allen
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Elsa B Krall
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Jason D Lieb
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, 920 E. 58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Kevin Struhl
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
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Cheng E, Whitsett TG, Tran NL, Winkles JA. The TWEAK Receptor Fn14 Is an Src-Inducible Protein and a Positive Regulator of Src-Driven Cell Invasion. Mol Cancer Res 2014; 13:575-83. [PMID: 25392346 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-14-0411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The TNF receptor superfamily member Fn14 (TNFRSF12A) is the sole signaling receptor for the proinflammatory cytokine TWEAK (TNFSF12). TWEAK Fn14 engagement stimulates multiple signal transduction pathways, including the NF-κB pathway, and this triggers important cellular processes (e.g., growth, differentiation, migration, and invasion). The TWEAK-Fn14 axis is thought to be a major physiologic mediator of tissue repair after acute injury. Various studies have revealed that Fn14 is highly expressed in many solid tumor types, and that Fn14 signaling may play a role in tumor growth and metastasis. Previously, it was shown that Fn14 levels are frequently elevated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors and cell lines that exhibit constitutive EGFR phosphorylation (activation). Furthermore, elevated Fn14 levels increased NSCLC cell invasion in vitro and lung metastatic tumor colonization in vivo. The present study reveals that EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells that express high levels of Fn14 exhibit constitutive activation of the cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase Src, and that treatment with the Src family kinase (SFK) inhibitor dasatinib decreases Fn14 gene expression at both the mRNA and protein levels. Importantly, siRNA-mediated depletion of the SFK member Src in NSCLC cells also decreases Fn14 expression. Finally, expression of the constitutively active v-Src oncoprotein in NIH 3T3 cells induces Fn14 gene expression, and NIH 3T3/v-Src cells require Fn14 expression for full invasive capacity. IMPLICATIONS These results indicate that oncogenic Src may contribute to Fn14 overexpression in solid tumors, and that Src-mediated cell invasion could potentially be inhibited with Fn14-targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Cheng
- Department of Surgery, Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Timothy G Whitsett
- Cancer and Cell Biology Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Nhan L Tran
- Cancer and Cell Biology Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Jeffrey A Winkles
- Department of Surgery, Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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Zhao XF, Wan J, Powell C, Ramachandran R, Myers MG, Goldman D. Leptin and IL-6 family cytokines synergize to stimulate Müller glia reprogramming and retina regeneration. Cell Rep 2014; 9:272-284. [PMID: 25263554 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike mammals, zebrafish can regenerate a damaged retina. This remarkable regenerative response is mediated by Müller glia (MG) that undergo a reprogramming event that drives their proliferation and the generation of multipotent progenitors for retinal repair. The mechanisms that drive MG reprogramming are poorly understood. Here, we report that Leptin and Gp130-coupled receptors, acting via a Jak/Stat signaling pathway, stimulate MG reprogramming and progenitor formation in the injured retina. Importantly, we find that ascl1a gene expression, which drives MG reprogramming in fish and mammals, is regulated in a Jak/Stat-dependent manner and requires consensus Stat-binding sites for injury-dependent activation. Finally, we identify cytokines that are induced by retinal injury and exhibit a remarkable synergy in their ability to activate Jak/Stat signaling and MG reprogramming in the uninjured retina. Our study not only furthers our understanding of retina regeneration in zebrafish but also suggests new strategies for awakening retina regeneration in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Zhao
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jin Wan
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Curtis Powell
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Rajesh Ramachandran
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Martin G Myers
- Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Daniel Goldman
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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40
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Eiring AM, Page BDG, Kraft IL, Mason CC, Vellore NA, Resetca D, Zabriskie MS, Zhang TY, Khorashad JS, Engar AJ, Reynolds KR, Anderson DJ, Senina A, Pomicter AD, Arpin CC, Ahmad S, Heaton WL, Tantravahi SK, Todic A, Moriggl R, Wilson DJ, Baron R, O'Hare T, Gunning PT, Deininger MW. Combined STAT3 and BCR-ABL1 inhibition induces synthetic lethality in therapy-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2014; 29:586-597. [PMID: 25134459 PMCID: PMC4334758 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2014.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the BCR-ABL1 kinase domain are an established mechanism of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance in Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia, but fail to explain many cases of clinical TKI failure. In contrast, it is largely unknown why some patients fail TKI therapy despite continued suppression of BCR-ABL1 kinase activity, a situation termed BCRABL1 kinase-independent TKI resistance. Here, we identified activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) by extrinsic or intrinsic mechanisms as an essential feature of BCR-ABL1 kinase-independent TKI resistance. By combining synthetic chemistry, in vitro reporter assays, and molecular dynamics-guided rational inhibitor design and high-throughput screening, we discovered BP-5-087, a potent and selective STAT3 SH2 domain inhibitor that reduces STAT3 phosphorylation and nuclear transactivation. Computational simulations, fluorescence polarization assays, and hydrogen-deuterium exchange assays establish direct engagement of STAT3 by BP-5-087 and provide a high-resolution view of the STAT3 SH2 domain/BP-5-087 interface. In primary cells from CML patients with BCR-ABL1 kinase-independent TKI resistance, BP-5-087 (1.0 μM) restored TKI sensitivity to therapy-resistant CML progenitor cells, including leukemic stem cells (LSCs). Our findings implicate STAT3 as a critical signaling node in BCR-ABL1 kinase-independent TKI resistance, and suggest that BP-5-087 has clinical utility for treating malignancies characterized by STAT3 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Eiring
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Brent D G Page
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ira L Kraft
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Clinton C Mason
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Nadeem A Vellore
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Diana Resetca
- York University Chemistry Department, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew S Zabriskie
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Tian Y Zhang
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jamshid S Khorashad
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Alexander J Engar
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Kimberly R Reynolds
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - David J Anderson
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Anna Senina
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Anthony D Pomicter
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Carolynn C Arpin
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shazia Ahmad
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - William L Heaton
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | - Aleksandra Todic
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard Moriggl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Derek J Wilson
- York University Chemistry Department, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Center for Research in Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Riccardo Baron
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Thomas O'Hare
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Patrick T Gunning
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael W Deininger
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Talbot JJ, Song X, Wang X, Rinschen MM, Doerr N, LaRiviere WB, Schermer B, Pei YP, Torres VE, Weimbs T. The cleaved cytoplasmic tail of polycystin-1 regulates Src-dependent STAT3 activation. J Am Soc Nephrol 2014; 25:1737-48. [PMID: 24578126 PMCID: PMC4116067 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2013091026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystin-1 (PC1) mutations result in proliferative renal cyst growth and progression to renal failure in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). The transcription factor STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) was shown to be activated in cyst-lining cells in ADPKD and PKD mouse models and may drive renal cyst growth, but the mechanisms leading to persistent STAT3 activation are unknown. A proteolytic fragment of PC1 corresponding to the cytoplasmic tail, PC1-p30, is overexpressed in ADPKD. Here, we show that PC1-p30 interacts with the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Src, resulting in Src-dependent activation of STAT3 by tyrosine phosphorylation. The PC1-p30-mediated activation of Src/STAT3 was independent of JAK family kinases and insensitive to the STAT3 inhibitor suppressor of cytokine signaling 3. Signaling by the EGF receptor (EGFR) or cAMP amplified the activation of Src/STAT3 by PC1-p30. Expression of PC1-p30 changed the cellular response to cAMP signaling. In the absence of PC1-p30, cAMP dampened EGFR- or IL-6-dependent activation of STAT3; in the presence of PC1-p30, cAMP amplified Src-dependent activation of STAT3. In the polycystic kidney (PCK) rat model, activation of STAT3 in renal cystic cells depended on vasopressin receptor 2 (V2R) signaling, which increased cAMP levels. Genetic inhibition of vasopressin expression or treatment with a pharmacologic V2R inhibitor strongly suppressed STAT3 activation and reduced renal cyst growth. These results suggest that PC1, via its cleaved cytoplasmic tail, integrates signaling inputs from EGFR and cAMP, resulting in Src-dependent activation of STAT3 and a proliferative response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Talbot
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, and Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California
| | - Xuewen Song
- Divisions of Nephrology and Genomic Medicine, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Markus M Rinschen
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nicholas Doerr
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, and Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California
| | - Wells B LaRiviere
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Bernhard Schermer
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Systems Biology of Aging Cologne (Sybacol), Cologne, Germany; and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - York P Pei
- Divisions of Nephrology and Genomic Medicine, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vicente E Torres
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Thomas Weimbs
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, and Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California;
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42
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Dokduang H, Techasen A, Namwat N, Khuntikeo N, Pairojkul C, Murakami Y, Loilome W, Yongvanit P. STATs profiling reveals predominantly-activated STAT3 in cholangiocarcinoma genesis and progression. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2014; 21:767-76. [PMID: 25044480 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the aberrant expression of the STAT family in humans and liver fluke (Opisthorchis viverrini, Ov)-induced hamster cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) tissues. METHODS The expression and phosphorylation of STAT1, STAT2, STAT3, STAT4, STAT5a, STAT5b and STAT6 in human hamster CCA tissues were immunohistochemistry-profiled. Localizations of STAT5 in macrophages and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage-conditioned media mediated STAT3 activation in CCA cells were demonstrated. RESULTS The expressions of STAT 1-4 and 6 were detected in the cytoplasm of hyperplastic bile ducts and tumor cells, whereas STAT5a and STAT5b were observed in macrophages and connective tissues surrounding tumor, respectively. The expressions of STAT3 and STAT5b were significantly observed in tumors with a poorer histological differentiation. STAT3 expression was significantly associated with shorter survival of CCA patients and was predominately activated in CCA cell lines. In the CCA-hamsters, STATs expression was gradually increased along the carcinogenesis, especially at 30 days post-infection in which the inflammatory response was markedly observed, showing the correlation between the inflammation and STATs activation. Moreover, LPS-induced macrophage-conditioned media could mediate STAT3 activation in CCA cells. CONCLUSIONS STAT3 is the major STAT, which plays roles in the inflammation that contributes to CCA carcinogenesis and progression and may serve as a marker for a poor prognosis of CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasaya Dokduang
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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43
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Cordero JB, Ridgway RA, Valeri N, Nixon C, Frame MC, Muller WJ, Vidal M, Sansom OJ. c-Src drives intestinal regeneration and transformation. EMBO J 2014; 33:1474-91. [PMID: 24788409 PMCID: PMC4194090 DOI: 10.1002/embj.201387454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-receptor tyrosine kinase c-Src, hereafter referred to as Src, is overexpressed or activated in multiple human malignancies. There has been much speculation about the functional role of Src in colorectal cancer (CRC), with Src amplification and potential activating mutations in up to 20% of the human tumours, although this has never been addressed due to multiple redundant family members. Here, we have used the adult Drosophila and mouse intestinal epithelium as paradigms to define a role for Src during tissue homeostasis, damage-induced regeneration and hyperplasia. Through genetic gain and loss of function experiments, we demonstrate that Src is necessary and sufficient to drive intestinal stem cell (ISC) proliferation during tissue self-renewal, regeneration and tumourigenesis. Surprisingly, Src plays a non-redundant role in the mouse intestine, which cannot be substituted by the other family kinases Fyn and Yes. Mechanistically, we show that Src drives ISC proliferation through upregulation of EGFR and activation of Ras/MAPK and Stat3 signalling. Therefore, we demonstrate a novel essential role for Src in intestinal stem/progenitor cell proliferation and tumourigenesis initiation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia B Cordero
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Bearsden Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | - Colin Nixon
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Bearsden Glasgow, UK
| | - Margaret C Frame
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - William J Muller
- Goodman Cancer Research Center McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marcos Vidal
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Bearsden Glasgow, UK
| | - Owen J Sansom
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Bearsden Glasgow, UK
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44
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Src kinase function controls progenitor cell pools during regeneration and tumor onset in the Drosophila intestine. Oncogene 2014; 34:2371-84. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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45
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Hsieh MY, Chang MY, Chen YJ, Li YK, Chuang TH, Yu GY, Cheung CHA, Chen HC, Maa MC, Leu TH. The inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS)/Src axis mediates Toll-like receptor 3 tyrosine 759 phosphorylation and enhances its signal transduction, leading to interferon-β synthesis in macrophages. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:9208-20. [PMID: 24526685 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.508663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) induces phosphorylation of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) at tyrosine 759 and subsequently triggers signaling pathways to promote interferon-β (IFN-β) production. In this study, we found that dsRNA stimulation induces biphasic TLR3 Tyr-759 phosphorylation in macrophages. In addition to the immediate TLR3 Tyr-759 phosphorylation, we identified a second wave of Tyr-759 phosphorylation accompanied by an increase of both Src and ifn-β transcription in the later phase of dsRNA stimulation. Interestingly, Src phosphorylated TLR3 Tyr-759 in vitro and in vivo. However, knockdown of Src abolished the late phase of TLR3 Tyr-759 phosphorylation and decreased the nuclear accumulation of interferon regulatory factors 3 and 7 (IRF3 and -7) and IFN-β production. Reintroduction of Src restored all of these molecular changes. Notably, via down-regulation of Src, dsRNA-elicited TLR3 Tyr-759 phosphorylation, the nuclear accumulation of IRF3/IRF7, and IFN-β generation were inhibited in inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS)-null macrophages. TLR3 knockdown destabilized Src and reduced the nuclear level of IRF3/IRF7 and IFN-β production in macrophages exposed to LPS (a TLR4 ligand known to induce Src and IFN-β expression). Ectopic expression of wild type TLR3, but not its 759-phenylalanine mutant, restored Src activity and ifn-β transcription. Taken together, these results suggested an essential role of the iNOS/Src/TLR3 axis in IFN-β production in macrophages.
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Patel K, Kollory A, Takashima A, Sarkar S, Faller DV, Ghosh SK. MicroRNA let-7 downregulates STAT3 phosphorylation in pancreatic cancer cells by increasing SOCS3 expression. Cancer Lett 2014; 347:54-64. [PMID: 24491408 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Although dispensable for normal pancreatic function, STAT3 signaling is frequently activated in pancreatic cancers. Consistent downregulation of expression of microRNA let-7 is also characteristic of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) biopsy specimens. We demonstrate in this study that re-expression of let-7 in poorly-differentiated PDAC cell lines reduced phosphorylation/activation of STAT3 and its downstream signaling events and reduced the growth and migration of PDAC cells. Let-7 re-expression did not repress expression of STAT3 protein or its activator cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6). However, let-7 re-expression enhanced cytoplasmic expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), which blocks STAT3 activation by JAK2. Our study thus identified a mechanism by which STAT3 signaling can be inhibited in pancreatic cancer cells by modifying let-7 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kripa Patel
- Cancer Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Anita Kollory
- Cancer Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Asami Takashima
- Cancer Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sibaji Sarkar
- Cancer Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Douglas V Faller
- Cancer Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sajal K Ghosh
- Cancer Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.
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47
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The role of inflammation in pancreatic cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 816:129-51. [PMID: 24818722 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-0348-0837-8_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease with an extremely poor prognosis. Inflammatory processes have emerged as key mediators of pancreatic cancer development and progression. In genetically engineered mouse models, induction of pancreatitis accelerates PDAC development, and patients with chronic pancreatitis are known to have a higher risk of developing pancreatic cancer. In recent years, much effort has been given to identify the underlying mechanisms that contribute to inflammation-induced tumorigenesis. Many inflammatory pathways have been identified and inhibitors have been developed in order to prevent cancer development and progression. In this chapter, we discuss the role of inflammatory pathways in the initiation and progression of pancreatic cancer as well as the role of inhibitors used in treatment and prevention of pancreatic cancer.
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IL-10 inhibits the NF-κB and ERK/MAPK-mediated production of pro-inflammatory mediators by up-regulation of SOCS-3 in Trypanosoma cruzi-infected cardiomyocytes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79445. [PMID: 24260222 PMCID: PMC3832617 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) infection produces an intense inflammatory response which is critical for the control of the evolution of Chagas’ disease. Interleukin (IL)-10 is one of the most important anti-inflammatory cytokines identified as modulator of the inflammatory reaction. This work shows that exogenous addition of IL-10 inhibited ERK1/2 and NF-κB activation and reduced inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2), metalloprotease (MMP) -9 and MMP-2 expression and activities, as well as tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 expression, in T. cruzi-infected cardiomyocytes. We found that T. cruzi and IL-10 promote STAT3 phosphorylation and up-regulate the expression of suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS)-3 thereby preventing NF-κB nuclear translocation and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Specific knockdown of SOCS-3 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) impeded the IL-10-mediated inhibition of NF-κB and ERK1/2 activation. As a result, the levels of studied pro-inflammatory mediators were restored in infected cardiomyocytes. Our study reports the first evidence that T. cruzi up- regulates SOCS-3 expression and highlights the relevance of IL-10 in the modulation of pro-inflammatory response of cardiomyocytes in Chagas’ disease.
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Walls CD, Iliuk A, Bai Y, Wang M, Tao WA, Zhang ZY. Phosphatase of regenerating liver 3 (PRL3) provokes a tyrosine phosphoproteome to drive prometastatic signal transduction. Mol Cell Proteomics 2013; 12:3759-77. [PMID: 24030100 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m113.028886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatase of regenerating liver 3 (PRL3) is suspected to be a causative factor toward cellular metastasis when in excess. To date, the molecular basis for PRL3 function remains an enigma, making efforts at distilling a concerted mechanism for PRL3-mediated metastatic dissemination very difficult. We previously discovered that PRL3 expressing cells exhibit a pronounced increase in protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Here we take an unbiased mass spectrometry-based approach toward identifying the phosphoproteins exhibiting enhanced levels of tyrosine phosphorylation with a goal to define the "PRL3-mediated signaling network." Phosphoproteomic data support intracellular activation of an extensive signaling network normally governed by extracellular ligand-activated transmembrane growth factor, cytokine, and integrin receptors in the PRL3 cells. Additionally, data implicate the Src tyrosine kinase as the major intracellular kinase responsible for "hijacking" this network and provide strong evidence that aberrant Src activation is a major consequence of PRL3 overexpression. Importantly, the data support a PDGF(α/β)-, Eph (A2/B3/B4)-, and Integrin (β1/β5)-receptor array as being the predominant network coordinator in the PRL3 cells, corroborating a PRL3-induced mesenchymal-state. Within this network, we find that tyrosine phosphorylation is increased on a multitude of signaling effectors responsible for Rho-family GTPase, PI3K-Akt, STAT, and ERK activation, linking observations made by the field as a whole under Src as a primary signal transducer. Our phosphoproteomic data paint the most comprehensive picture to date of how PRL3 drives prometastatic molecular events through Src activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad D Walls
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
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Ren F, Su F, Ning H, Wang Y, Geng Y, Feng Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Jin Z, Li Y, Jia B, Chang Z. SIPAR negatively regulates STAT3 signaling and inhibits progression of melanoma. Cell Signal 2013; 25:2272-80. [PMID: 23917203 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Persistently activated STAT3 is important for tumorigenesis in a variety of cancers, including melanoma. Although many co-factors in the regulation of STAT3 activity have been identified, it remains unclear how STAT3 phosphorylation is negatively regulated. Here, we report that SIPAR (STAT3-Interacting Protein As a Repressor) inhibits STAT3 activity by accelerating its dephosphorylation. We observed that SIPAR directly interacted with STAT3 upon IL-6 stimulation. Moreover, over-expression of SIPAR reduced, whereas depletion enhanced, the level of phosphorylated STAT3. We further demonstrated that SIPAR inhibited the growth of melanoma cells by decreasing the level of phosphorylated STAT3 and the expression of its target genes. These results suggest that SIPAR, functioning as a new negative regulator, inhibits STAT3 activity by enhancing its dephosphorylation and represses melanoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangli Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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