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Lai WY, Chuang TP, Borenäs M, Lind DE, Hallberg B, Palmer RH. Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase signaling stabilizes SLC3A2 expression via MARCH11 to promote neuroblastoma cell growth. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:910-923. [PMID: 38858548 PMCID: PMC11239919 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01319-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Solute Carrier Family 3, Member 2 (SLC3A2 or 4F2hc) is a multifunctional glycoprotein that mediates integrin-dependent signaling, acts as a trafficking chaperone for amino acid transporters, and is involved in polyamine transportation. We identified SLC3A2 as a potential Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) interacting partner in a BioID-proximity labeling screen in neuroblastoma (NB) cells. In this work we show that endogenous SLC3A2 and ALK interact in NB cells and that this SLC3A2:ALK interaction was abrogated upon treatment with the ALK inhibitor lorlatinib. We show here that loss of ALK activity leads to decreased SLC3A2 expression and reduced SLC3A2 protein stability in a panel of NB cell lines, while stimulation of ALK with ALKAL2 ligand resulted in increased SLC3A2 protein levels. We further identified MARCH11, an E3 ligase, as a regulator of SLC3A2 ubiquitination downstream of ALK. Further, knockdown of SLC3A2 resulted in inhibition of NB cell growth. To investigate the therapeutic potential of SLC3A2 targeting, we performed monotreatment of NB cells with AMXT-1501 (a polyamine transport inhibitor), which showed only moderate effects in NB cells. In contrast, a combination lorlatinib/AMXT-1501 treatment resulted in synergistic inhibition of cell growth in ALK-driven NB cell lines. Taken together, our results identify a novel role for the ALK receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), working in concert with the MARCH11 E3 ligase, in regulating SLC3A2 protein stability and function in NB cells. The synergistic effect of combined ALK and polyamine transport inhibition shows that ALK/MARCH11/SLC3A2 regulation of amino acid transport is important for oncogenic growth and survival in NB cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yun Lai
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tzu-Po Chuang
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marcus Borenäs
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Dan E Lind
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bengt Hallberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Ruth H Palmer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Borenäs M, Umapathy G, Lind DE, Lai WY, Guan J, Johansson J, Jennische E, Schmidt A, Kurhe Y, Gabre JL, Aniszewska A, Strömberg A, Bemark M, Hall MN, den Eynden JV, Hallberg B, Palmer RH. ALK signaling primes the DNA damage response sensitizing ALK-driven neuroblastoma to therapeutic ATR inhibition. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2315242121. [PMID: 38154064 PMCID: PMC10769851 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2315242121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
High-risk neuroblastoma (NB) is a significant clinical challenge. MYCN and Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK), which are often involved in high-risk NB, lead to increased replication stress in cancer cells, suggesting therapeutic strategies. We previously identified an ATR (ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related)/ALK inhibitor (ATRi/ALKi) combination as such a strategy in two independent genetically modified mouse NB models. Here, we identify an underlying molecular mechanism, in which ALK signaling leads to phosphorylation of ATR and CHK1, supporting an effective DNA damage response. The importance of ALK inhibition is supported by mouse data, in which ATRi monotreatment resulted in a robust initial response, but subsequent relapse, in contrast to a 14-d ALKi/ATRi combination treatment that resulted in a robust and sustained response. Finally, we show that the remarkable response to the 14-d combined ATR/ALK inhibition protocol reflects a robust differentiation response, reprogramming tumor cells to a neuronal/Schwann cell lineage identity. Our results identify an ability of ATR inhibition to promote NB differentiation and underscore the importance of further exploring combined ALK/ATR inhibition in NB, particularly in high-risk patient groups with oncogene-induced replication stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Borenäs
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, GothenburgSE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Ganesh Umapathy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, GothenburgSE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Dan E. Lind
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, GothenburgSE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Wei-Yun Lai
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, GothenburgSE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Jikui Guan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, GothenburgSE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Joel Johansson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, GothenburgSE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Eva Jennische
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, GothenburgSE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Alexander Schmidt
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biozentrum, Basel University, Basel4056, Switzerland
| | - Yeshwant Kurhe
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, GothenburgSE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Jonatan L. Gabre
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, GothenburgSE-405 30, Sweden
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Ghent University, Ghent9000, Belgium
| | - Agata Aniszewska
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, GothenburgSE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Anneli Strömberg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, GothenburgSE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Mats Bemark
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, GothenburgSE-405 30, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg SE-405 30, Sweden
| | | | - Jimmy Van den Eynden
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Ghent University, Ghent9000, Belgium
| | - Bengt Hallberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, GothenburgSE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Ruth H. Palmer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, GothenburgSE-405 30, Sweden
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Phan TDA, Nguyen TQ, To NT, Thanh TL, Ngo DQ. Immunohistochemical expression of anaplastic lymphoma kinase in neuroblastoma and its relations with some clinical and histopathological features. J Pathol Transl Med 2024; 58:29-34. [PMID: 38229432 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2023.12.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) mutations have been identified as a prominent cause of some familial and sporadic neuroblastoma (NB). ALK expression in NB and its relationship with clinical and histopathological features remains controversial. This study investigated ALK expression and its potential relations with these features in NB. METHODS Ninety cases of NB at the Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam from 01/01/2018 to 12/31/2021, were immunohistochemically stained with ALK (D5F3) antibody. The ALK expression and its relations with some clinical and histopathological features were investigated. RESULTS The rate of ALK expression in NB was 91.1%. High ALK expression (over 50% of tumor cells were positive with moderate-strong intensity) accounted for 65.6%, and low ALK expression accounted for 34.4%. All the MYCN-amplified NB patients had ALK immunohistochemistry positivity, most cases had high ALK protein expression. The undifferentiated subtype of NB had a lower ALK-positive rate than the poorly differentiated and differentiated subtype. The percentages of ALK positivity were significantly higher in more differentiated histological types of NB (p = .024). There was no relation between ALK expression and: age group, sex, primary tumor location, tumor stage, MYCN status, clinical risk, Mitotic-Karyorrhectic Index, prognostic group, necrosis, and calcification. CONCLUSIONS ALK was highly expressed in NB. ALK expression was not related to several clinical and histopathological features. More studies are needed to elucidate the association between ALK expression and ALK gene status and to investigate disease progression, especially the oncogenesis of ALK-positive NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu Dang Anh Phan
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thao Quyen Nguyen
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nhi Thuy To
- Department of Oncology-Hematology, Children Hospital 2, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thien Ly Thanh
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Dat Quoc Ngo
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Bergaggio E, Tai WT, Aroldi A, Mecca C, Landoni E, Nüesch M, Mota I, Metovic J, Molinaro L, Ma L, Alvarado D, Ambrogio C, Voena C, Blasco RB, Li T, Klein D, Irvine DJ, Papotti M, Savoldo B, Dotti G, Chiarle R. ALK inhibitors increase ALK expression and sensitize neuroblastoma cells to ALK.CAR-T cells. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:2100-2116.e10. [PMID: 38039964 PMCID: PMC10793157 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Selection of the best tumor antigen is critical for the therapeutic success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells in hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. The anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) receptor is expressed by most neuroblastomas while virtually absent in most normal tissues. ALK is an oncogenic driver in neuroblastoma and ALK inhibitors show promising clinical activity. Here, we describe the development of ALK.CAR-T cells that show potent efficacy in monotherapy against neuroblastoma with high ALK expression without toxicity. For neuroblastoma with low ALK expression, combination with ALK inhibitors specifically potentiates ALK.CAR-T cells but not GD2.CAR-T cells. Mechanistically, ALK inhibitors impair tumor growth and upregulate the expression of ALK, thereby facilitating the activity of ALK.CAR-T cells against neuroblastoma. Thus, while neither ALK inhibitors nor ALK.CAR-T cells will likely be sufficient as monotherapy in neuroblastoma with low ALK density, their combination specifically enhances therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Bergaggio
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wei-Tien Tai
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andrea Aroldi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Carmen Mecca
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elisa Landoni
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Manuel Nüesch
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ines Mota
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jasna Metovic
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Luca Molinaro
- Department of Medical Science, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Leyuan Ma
- Koch Institute and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Chiara Ambrogio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Claudia Voena
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Rafael B Blasco
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tongqing Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Daryl Klein
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | | | - Mauro Papotti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Barbara Savoldo
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Gianpietro Dotti
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Roberto Chiarle
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy.
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Yang Y, Li H, Zheng D, Li X, Liu H. Immune microenvironment heterogeneity reveals distinct subtypes in neuroblastoma: insights into prognosis and therapeutic targets. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:13345-13367. [PMID: 38019470 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroblastoma (NB) is a childhood cancer originating from immature nerve cells in the sympathetic nervous system. Current clinical and molecular subtyping methods for NB have limitations in providing accurate prognostic information and guiding treatment decisions. RESULTS To overcome these challenges, we explored the microenvironment of NB based on the knowledge-based functional gene expression signatures (Fges), which revealed heterogeneous subtypes. Consensus clustering of Fges activity scores identified three subtypes (Cluster 1, Cluster 2, and Cluster 3) that demonstrated significant differences in prognosis compared to mainstream subtypes. We assessed the immune infiltration, immunogenicity, CD8T cytotoxicity, and tumor purity of these subtypes, uncovering their distinct biological functions. Cluster 1 and Cluster 2 exhibited higher immunoreactivity, while Cluster 3 displayed higher tumor purity and poor prognosis. Gene ontology annotation and pathway analysis identified immune activation in Cluster 1, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in Cluster 2, and cell cycle processes in Cluster 3. Notably, the impact of EMT activity on prognosis may vary across NB subtypes. A classification model using XGBoost accurately predicted subtypes in independent NB cohorts, with significant prognostic differences. GPR125, CDK4, and GREB1 emerged as potential therapeutic targets in Cluster 3. CD4K inhibitors showed subtype-specific responses, suggesting tailored treatment strategies. Single-cell analysis highlighted unfavorable clinical features in Cluster 3, including high-risk classification and reduced cytotoxicity. Suppressed interactions between monocytes, macrophages, and regulatory T cells were observed, affecting immune regulation and patient prognosis. CONCLUSION To summarize, we have identified a new independent prognostic factor in NB that underscores the significant correlation between tumor phenotype and immune contexture. These findings deepen our understanding of NB subtypes and immune cell interactions, paving the way for more effective treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlan Yang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Huamei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Donghui Zheng
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
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Zhou R, Huang D, Fu W, Shu F. Comprehensive exploration of the involvement of cuproptosis in tumorigenesis and progression of neuroblastoma. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:715. [PMID: 38012558 PMCID: PMC10680286 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09699-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copper-induced cell death, or "cuproptosis," as an apoptotic process, has recently received much attention in human diseases. Recent studies on cuproptosis have provided novel insights into the pathogenesis of various diseases, especially cancers. However, the association between neuroblastoma (NB) and cuproptosis in terms of their clinical outcomes, tumorigenesis, and treatment response remains unclear. METHODS To determine the role of cuproptosis in NB tumorigenesis and progression, this study employed a systematic technique to explore the characteristic patterns of 10 key cuproptosis-related genes (CUGs) in NB. Consensus clustering analysis of the TARGET and GEO databases divided the NB patients into two subgroups that showed different clinicopathological attributes, molecular patterns, survival outcomes, disease-associated pathways, tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) features, and treatment responses. Moreover, a cuproptosis scoring scheme was established, which divided the patients with NB into two groups with high scores and low scores as per the median score. Furthermore, this research developed a nomogram and risk signature on the basis of this cuproptosis score to better elucidate its function in predicting NB prognosis. In vitro experiments were carried out using Transwell Assay, HLECs tube formation assay, Colony formation assay, Western Blotting Assay, Immunohistochemical (IHC) Staining, Immunofluorescence (IF) Staining and Flow Cytometry Analysis. RESULTS The results demonstrated that the established cuproptosis score and prediction model could effectively distinguish between the individuals in low and high-risk groups and had a high predictive value. Lastly, bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments enabled the identification of PDHA1, a key CUG, which was involved in both DNA replication-related pathways and the cell cycle. It was also associated with tumorigenesis and progression of NB. CONCLUSION Cuproptosis, especially PDHA1, play a crucial role in the TIME characteristics, tumor progression, and long-term prognosis of NB. The patterns of cuproptosis assessed in this research may improve the understanding of the overall concept of NB tumorigenesis, thus facilitating the development of more effective therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhou
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center for South Central Region, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Souther Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongmei Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Souther Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pediatric Thoracic Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center for South Central Region, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Fu
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center for South Central Region, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Fangpeng Shu
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center for South Central Region, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Galiger C, Zohora FT, Dorneburg C, Tews D, Debatin KM, Beltinger C. The survivin-ran inhibitor LLP-3 decreases oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis and growth of neuroblastoma cells. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1148. [PMID: 38007466 PMCID: PMC10676583 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11635-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroblastoma (NB), the most common extracranial solid malignancy in children, carries a poor prognosis in high-risk disease, thus requiring novel therapeutic approaches. Survivin is overexpressed in NB, has pro-mitotic and anti-apoptotic functions, and impacts on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and aerobic glycolysis. The subcellular localization and hence function of survivin is directed by the GTPase Ran. AIM To determine efficacy and modes of action of the survivin-Ran inhibitor LLP-3 as a potential novel therapy of NB. METHODS Survivin and Ran mRNA expression in NB tumors was correlated to patient survival. Response to LLP-3 in NB cell lines was determined by assays for viability, proliferation, apoptosis, clonogenicity and anchorage-independent growth. Interaction of survivin and Ran was assessed by proximity-linked ligation assay and their subcellular distribution by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. Expression of survivin, Ran and proteins important for OXPHOS and glycolysis was determined by Western blot, hexokinase activity by enzymatic assay, interaction of survivin with HIF-1α by co-IP, and OXPHOS and glycolysis by extracellular flux analyzer. RESULTS High mRNA expression of survivin and Ran is correlated with poor patient survival. LLP-3 decreases viability, induces apoptosis, and inhibits clonogenic and anchorage-independent growth in NB cell lines, including those with MYCN amplification, and mutations of p53 and ALK. LLP-3 inhibits interaction of survivin with Ran, decreasing their concentration both in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. LLP-3 impairs flexibility of energy metabolism by inhibiting both OXPHOS and glycolysis. Metabolic inhibition is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and attenuated hexokinase activity but is independent of HIF-1α. CONCLUSION LLP-3 attenuates interaction and concentration of survivin and Ran in NB cells. It controls NB cells with diverse genetic alterations, associated with inhibition of OXPHOS, aerobic glycolysis, mitochondrial function and HK activity. Thus, LLP-3 warrants further studies as a novel drug against NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celimene Galiger
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Section of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstr. 24, Ulm, 89075, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstr. 24, Ulm, 89075, Germany
| | - Fatema Tuj Zohora
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Section of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstr. 24, Ulm, 89075, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstr. 24, Ulm, 89075, Germany
| | - Carmen Dorneburg
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Section of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstr. 24, Ulm, 89075, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstr. 24, Ulm, 89075, Germany
| | - Daniel Tews
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstr. 24, Ulm, 89075, Germany
| | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstr. 24, Ulm, 89075, Germany
| | - Christian Beltinger
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Section of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstr. 24, Ulm, 89075, Germany.
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstr. 24, Ulm, 89075, Germany.
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Guan J, Borenäs M, Xiong J, Lai WY, Palmer RH, Hallberg B. IGF1R Contributes to Cell Proliferation in ALK-Mutated Neuroblastoma with Preference for Activating the PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4252. [PMID: 37686528 PMCID: PMC10563084 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) by activating point mutation or amplification drives 5-12% of neuroblastoma (NB). Previous work has identified the involvement of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) in a wide range of cancers. We show here that many NB cell lines exhibit IGF1R activity, and that IGF1R inhibition led to decreased cell proliferation to varying degrees in ALK-driven NB cells. Furthermore, combined inhibition of ALK and IGF1R resulted in synergistic anti-proliferation effects, in particular in ALK-mutated NB cells. Mechanistically, both ALK and IGF1R contribute significantly to the activation of downstream PI3K-AKT and RAS-MAPK signaling pathways in ALK-mutated NB cells. However, these two RTKs employ a differential repertoire of adaptor proteins to mediate downstream signaling effects. We show here that ALK signaling led to activation of the RAS-MAPK pathway by preferentially phosphorylating the adaptor proteins GAB1, GAB2, and FRS2, while IGF1R signaling preferentially phosphorylated IRS2, promoting activation of the PI3K-AKT pathway. Together, these findings reveal a potentially important role of the IGF1R RTK in ALK-mutated NB and that co-targeting of ALK and IGF1R may be advantageous in clinical treatment of ALK-mutated NB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jikui Guan
- Institute of Pediatric Medicine, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden (R.H.P.); (B.H.)
| | - Marcus Borenäs
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden (R.H.P.); (B.H.)
| | - Junfeng Xiong
- Institute of Pediatric Medicine, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Wei-Yun Lai
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden (R.H.P.); (B.H.)
| | - Ruth H. Palmer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden (R.H.P.); (B.H.)
| | - Bengt Hallberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden (R.H.P.); (B.H.)
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Hastings JF, Latham SL, Kamili A, Wheatley MS, Han JZ, Wong-Erasmus M, Phimmachanh M, Nobis M, Pantarelli C, Cadell AL, O’Donnell YE, Leong KH, Lynn S, Geng FS, Cui L, Yan S, Achinger-Kawecka J, Stirzaker C, Norris MD, Haber M, Trahair TN, Speleman F, De Preter K, Cowley MJ, Bogdanovic O, Timpson P, Cox TR, Kolch W, Fletcher JI, Fey D, Croucher DR. Memory of stochastic single-cell apoptotic signaling promotes chemoresistance in neuroblastoma. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eabp8314. [PMID: 36867694 PMCID: PMC9984174 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abp8314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Gene expression noise is known to promote stochastic drug resistance through the elevated expression of individual genes in rare cancer cells. However, we now demonstrate that chemoresistant neuroblastoma cells emerge at a much higher frequency when the influence of noise is integrated across multiple components of an apoptotic signaling network. Using a JNK activity biosensor with longitudinal high-content and in vivo intravital imaging, we identify a population of stochastic, JNK-impaired, chemoresistant cells that exist because of noise within this signaling network. Furthermore, we reveal that the memory of this initially random state is retained following chemotherapy treatment across a series of in vitro, in vivo, and patient models. Using matched PDX models established at diagnosis and relapse from individual patients, we show that HDAC inhibitor priming cannot erase the memory of this resistant state within relapsed neuroblastomas but improves response in the first-line setting by restoring drug-induced JNK activity within the chemoresistant population of treatment-naïve tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan F. Hastings
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Sharissa L. Latham
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alvin Kamili
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Madeleine S. Wheatley
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jeremy Z. R. Han
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Marie Wong-Erasmus
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Monica Phimmachanh
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Max Nobis
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chiara Pantarelli
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Antonia L. Cadell
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Yolande E. I. O’Donnell
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - King Ho Leong
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Sophie Lynn
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Fan-Suo Geng
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Lujing Cui
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sabrina Yan
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Joanna Achinger-Kawecka
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Clare Stirzaker
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Murray D. Norris
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Toby N. Trahair
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children’s Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Frank Speleman
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katleen De Preter
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mark J. Cowley
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ozren Bogdanovic
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul Timpson
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas R. Cox
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Walter Kolch
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Jamie I. Fletcher
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dirk Fey
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - David R. Croucher
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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10
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Rosswog C, Fassunke J, Ernst A, Schömig-Markiefka B, Merkelbach-Bruse S, Bartenhagen C, Cartolano M, Ackermann S, Theissen J, Blattner-Johnson M, Jones B, Schramm K, Altmüller J, Nürnberg P, Ortmann M, Berthold F, Peifer M, Büttner R, Westermann F, Schulte JH, Simon T, Hero B, Fischer M. Genomic ALK alterations in primary and relapsed neuroblastoma. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:1559-1571. [PMID: 36807339 PMCID: PMC10070426 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02208-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genomic alterations of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene (ALK) occur recurrently in neuroblastoma, a pediatric malignancy of the sympathetic nervous system. However, information on their development over time has remained sparse. METHODS ALK alterations were assessed in neuroblastomas at diagnosis and/or relapse from a total of 943 patients, covering all stages of disease. Longitudinal information on diagnostic and relapsed samples from individual patients was available in 101 and 102 cases for mutation and amplification status, respectively. RESULTS At diagnosis, ALK point mutations occurred in 10.5% of all cases, with highest frequencies in stage 4 patients <18 months. At relapse, ALK alteration frequency increased by 70%, both in high-risk and non-high-risk cases. The increase was most likely due to de novo mutations, frequently leading to R1275Q substitutions, which are sensitive to pharmacological ALK inhibition. By contrast, the frequency of ALK amplifications did not change over the course of the disease. ALK amplifications, but not mutations, were associated with poor patient outcome. CONCLUSIONS The considerably increased frequency of ALK mutations at relapse and their high prevalence in young stage 4 patients suggest surveying the genomic ALK status regularly in these patient cohorts, and to evaluate ALK-targeted treatment also in intermediate-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Rosswog
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Else Kröner Forschungskolleg Clonal Evolution in Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jana Fassunke
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Angela Ernst
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Christoph Bartenhagen
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maria Cartolano
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sandra Ackermann
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jessica Theissen
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mirjam Blattner-Johnson
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Glioma Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Jones
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Glioma Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Pulmonology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Schramm
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Glioma Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Core Facility Genomics, Berlin, Germany.,Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Monika Ortmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frank Berthold
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Peifer
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Translational Genomics, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Büttner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frank Westermann
- Division Neuroblastoma Genomics, B087, German Cancer Research Center and Hopp Children´s Cancer Center at the NCT (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes H Schulte
- Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Charité University Medical Centre Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thorsten Simon
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Barbara Hero
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Fischer
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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11
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Candido MF, Medeiros M, Veronez LC, Bastos D, Oliveira KL, Pezuk JA, Valera ET, Brassesco MS. Drugging Hijacked Kinase Pathways in Pediatric Oncology: Opportunities and Current Scenario. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020664. [PMID: 36839989 PMCID: PMC9966033 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood cancer is considered rare, corresponding to ~3% of all malignant neoplasms in the human population. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports a universal occurrence of more than 15 cases per 100,000 inhabitants around the globe, and despite improvements in diagnosis, treatment and supportive care, one child dies of cancer every 3 min. Consequently, more efficient, selective and affordable therapeutics are still needed in order to improve outcomes and avoid long-term sequelae. Alterations in kinases' functionality is a trademark of cancer and the concept of exploiting them as drug targets has burgeoned in academia and in the pharmaceutical industry of the 21st century. Consequently, an increasing plethora of inhibitors has emerged. In the present study, the expression patterns of a selected group of kinases (including tyrosine receptors, members of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathways, coordinators of cell cycle progression, and chromosome segregation) and their correlation with clinical outcomes in pediatric solid tumors were accessed through the R2: Genomics Analysis and Visualization Platform and by a thorough search of published literature. To further illustrate the importance of kinase dysregulation in the pathophysiology of pediatric cancer, we analyzed the vulnerability of different cancer cell lines against their inhibition through the Cancer Dependency Map portal, and performed a search for kinase-targeted compounds with approval and clinical applicability through the CanSAR knowledgebase. Finally, we provide a detailed literature review of a considerable set of small molecules that mitigate kinase activity under experimental testing and clinical trials for the treatment of pediatric tumors, while discuss critical challenges that must be overcome before translation into clinical options, including the absence of compounds designed specifically for childhood tumors which often show differential mutational burdens, intrinsic and acquired resistance, lack of selectivity and adverse effects on a growing organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ferreira Candido
- Department of Cell Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Medeiros
- Regional Blood Center, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Chain Veronez
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - David Bastos
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Karla Laissa Oliveira
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Julia Alejandra Pezuk
- Departament of Biotechnology and Innovation, Anhanguera University of São Paulo, UNIAN/SP, São Paulo 04119-001, SP, Brazil
| | - Elvis Terci Valera
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - María Sol Brassesco
- Departament of Biotechnology and Innovation, Anhanguera University of São Paulo, UNIAN/SP, São Paulo 04119-001, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-16-3315-9144; Fax: +55-16-3315-4886
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12
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Protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in malignant tumors: molecular mechanisms and future perspective. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:329. [PMID: 36115852 PMCID: PMC9482625 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01168-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractProtein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) are a class of proteins with tyrosine kinase activity that phosphorylate tyrosine residues of critical molecules in signaling pathways. Their basal function is essential for maintaining normal cell growth and differentiation. However, aberrant activation of PTKs caused by various factors can deviate cell function from the expected trajectory to an abnormal growth state, leading to carcinogenesis. Inhibiting the aberrant PTK function could inhibit tumor growth. Therefore, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), target-specific inhibitors of PTKs, have been used in treating malignant tumors and play a significant role in targeted therapy of cancer. Currently, drug resistance is the main reason for limiting TKIs efficacy of cancer. The increasing studies indicated that tumor microenvironment, cell death resistance, tumor metabolism, epigenetic modification and abnormal metabolism of TKIs were deeply involved in tumor development and TKI resistance, besides the abnormal activation of PTK-related signaling pathways involved in gene mutations. Accordingly, it is of great significance to study the underlying mechanisms of TKIs resistance and find solutions to reverse TKIs resistance for improving TKIs efficacy of cancer. Herein, we reviewed the drug resistance mechanisms of TKIs and the potential approaches to overcome TKI resistance, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for improving the efficacy of TKIs.
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13
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Amplification of CDK4 and MDM2: a detailed study of a high-risk neuroblastoma subgroup. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12420. [PMID: 35859155 PMCID: PMC9300649 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16455-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In neuroblastoma, MYCN amplification and 11q-deletion are important, although incomplete, markers of high-risk disease. It is therefore relevant to characterize additional alterations that can function as prognostic and/or predictive markers. Using SNP-microarrays, a group of neuroblastoma patients showing amplification of one or multiple 12q loci was identified. Two loci containing CDK4 and MDM2 were commonly co-amplified, although amplification of either locus in the absence of the other was observed. Pharmacological inhibition of CDK4/6 with ribociclib or abemaciclib decreased proliferation in a broad set of neuroblastoma cell lines, including CDK4/MDM2-amplified, whereas MDM2 inhibition by Nutlin-3a was only effective in p53wild-type cells. Combined CDK4/MDM2 targeting had an additive effect in p53wild-type cell lines, while no or negative additive effect was observed in p53mutated cells. Most 12q-amplified primary tumors were of abdominal origin, including those of intrarenal origin initially suspected of being Wilms' tumor. An atypical metastatic pattern was also observed with low degree of bone marrow involvement, favoring other sites such as the lungs. Here we present detailed biological data of an aggressive neuroblastoma subgroup hallmarked by 12q amplification and atypical clinical presentation for which our in vitro studies indicate that CDK4 and/or MDM2 inhibition also could be beneficial.
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14
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Berlak M, Tucker E, Dorel M, Winkler A, McGearey A, Rodriguez-Fos E, da Costa BM, Barker K, Fyle E, Calton E, Eising S, Ober K, Hughes D, Koutroumanidou E, Carter P, Stankunaite R, Proszek P, Jain N, Rosswog C, Dorado-Garcia H, Molenaar JJ, Hubank M, Barone G, Anderson J, Lang P, Deubzer HE, Künkele A, Fischer M, Eggert A, Kloft C, Henssen AG, Boettcher M, Hertwig F, Blüthgen N, Chesler L, Schulte JH. Mutations in ALK signaling pathways conferring resistance to ALK inhibitor treatment lead to collateral vulnerabilities in neuroblastoma cells. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:126. [PMID: 35689207 PMCID: PMC9185889 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01583-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Development of resistance to targeted therapies has tempered initial optimism that precision oncology would improve poor outcomes for cancer patients. Resistance mechanisms, however, can also confer new resistance-specific vulnerabilities, termed collateral sensitivities. Here we investigated anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor resistance in neuroblastoma, a childhood cancer frequently affected by activating ALK alterations. METHODS Genome-wide forward genetic CRISPR-Cas9 based screens were performed to identify genes associated with ALK inhibitor resistance in neuroblastoma cell lines. Furthermore, the neuroblastoma cell line NBLW-R was rendered resistant by continuous exposure to ALK inhibitors. Genes identified to be associated with ALK inhibitor resistance were further investigated by generating suitable cell line models. In addition, tumor and liquid biopsy samples of four patients with ALK-mutated neuroblastomas before ALK inhibitor treatment and during tumor progression under treatment were genomically profiled. RESULTS Both genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9-based screens and preclinical spontaneous ALKi resistance models identified NF1 loss and activating NRASQ61K mutations to confer resistance to chemically diverse ALKi. Moreover, human neuroblastomas recurrently developed de novo loss of NF1 and activating RAS mutations after ALKi treatment, leading to therapy resistance. Pathway-specific perturbations confirmed that NF1 loss and activating RAS mutations lead to RAS-MAPK signaling even in the presence of ALKi. Intriguingly, NF1 loss rendered neuroblastoma cells hypersensitive to MEK inhibition. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide a clinically relevant mechanistic model of ALKi resistance in neuroblastoma and highlight new clinically actionable collateral sensitivities in resistant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Berlak
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin School of Integrative Oncology (BSIO), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Kelchstr.31, 12169, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Tucker
- Paediatric Solid Tumour Biology and Therapeutics Team, Clinical Division and Cancer Therapeutics Division, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Mathurin Dorel
- Otto Warburg Laboratory Gene Regulation and Systems Biology of Cancer, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- IRI Life Sciences, Humboldt University Berlin, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Winkler
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aleixandria McGearey
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elias Rodriguez-Fos
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) of the Charité and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Barbara Martins da Costa
- Paediatric Solid Tumour Biology and Therapeutics Team, Clinical Division and Cancer Therapeutics Division, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Karen Barker
- Paediatric Solid Tumour Biology and Therapeutics Team, Clinical Division and Cancer Therapeutics Division, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Elicia Fyle
- Paediatric Solid Tumour Biology and Therapeutics Team, Clinical Division and Cancer Therapeutics Division, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Elizabeth Calton
- Paediatric Solid Tumour Biology and Therapeutics Team, Clinical Division and Cancer Therapeutics Division, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Selma Eising
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kim Ober
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Deborah Hughes
- Molecular Diagnostics Department, The Institute of Cancer Research and Clinical Genomics, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation, London, UK
| | - Eleni Koutroumanidou
- Molecular Diagnostics Department, The Institute of Cancer Research and Clinical Genomics, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation, London, UK
| | - Paul Carter
- Molecular Diagnostics Department, The Institute of Cancer Research and Clinical Genomics, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation, London, UK
| | - Reda Stankunaite
- Molecular Diagnostics Department, The Institute of Cancer Research and Clinical Genomics, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation, London, UK
| | - Paula Proszek
- Molecular Diagnostics Department, The Institute of Cancer Research and Clinical Genomics, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation, London, UK
| | - Neha Jain
- Cancer Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Carolina Rosswog
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Heathcliff Dorado-Garcia
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Jasper Molenaar
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of pharmaceutical sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mike Hubank
- Molecular Diagnostics Department, The Institute of Cancer Research and Clinical Genomics, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation, London, UK
| | - Giuseppe Barone
- Cancer Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - John Anderson
- Cancer Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Peter Lang
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hedwig Elisabeth Deubzer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) of the Charité and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annette Künkele
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Fischer
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Angelika Eggert
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Charlotte Kloft
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Kelchstr.31, 12169, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anton George Henssen
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) of the Charité and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Boettcher
- Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Falk Hertwig
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nils Blüthgen
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- IRI Life Sciences, Humboldt University Berlin, 10115, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Louis Chesler
- Paediatric Solid Tumour Biology and Therapeutics Team, Clinical Division and Cancer Therapeutics Division, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Johannes Hubertus Schulte
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Berlin, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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15
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Treis D, Umapathy G, Fransson S, Guan J, Mendoza-García P, Siaw JT, Wessman S, Gordon Murkes L, Stenman JJE, Djos A, Elfman LHM, Johnsen JI, Hallberg B, Palmer RH, Martinsson T, Kogner P. Sustained Response to Entrectinib in an Infant With a Germline ALKAL2 Variant and Refractory Metastatic Neuroblastoma With Chromosomal 2p Gain and Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase and Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase Activation. JCO Precis Oncol 2022; 6:e2100271. [PMID: 35085006 PMCID: PMC8830523 DOI: 10.1200/po.21.00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Personalized molecular workup enabled successful ALK inhibitor treatment in a child with resistant neuroblastoma.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Treis
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, and Pediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ganesh Umapathy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Susanne Fransson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jikui Guan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Patricia Mendoza-García
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Joachim T. Siaw
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sandra Wessman
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena Gordon Murkes
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jakob J. E. Stenman
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, and Pediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Djos
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lotta H. M. Elfman
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, and Pediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Inge Johnsen
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, and Pediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bengt Hallberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ruth H. Palmer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tommy Martinsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Kogner
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, and Pediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Per Kogner, MD, PhD; Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet , Tomtebodavägen 18A, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden;
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16
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Nunes-Xavier CE, Zaldumbide L, Mosteiro L, López-Almaraz R, García de Andoin N, Aguirre P, Emaldi M, Torices L, López JI, Pulido R. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Neuroblastoma: Emerging Roles as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:811297. [PMID: 34957126 PMCID: PMC8692838 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.811297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a type of cancer intimately related with early development and differentiation of neuroendocrine cells, and constitutes one of the pediatric cancers with higher incidence and mortality. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are key regulators of cell growth and differentiation by their direct effect on tyrosine dephosphorylation of specific protein substrates, exerting major functions in the modulation of intracellular signaling during neuron development in response to external cues driving cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. We review here the current knowledge on the role of PTPs in neuroblastoma cell growth, survival, and differentiation. The potential of PTPs as biomarkers and molecular targets for inhibition in neuroblastoma therapies is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E. Nunes-Xavier
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- *Correspondence: Caroline E. Nunes-Xavier, ; Rafael Pulido,
| | - Laura Zaldumbide
- Department of Pathology, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Lorena Mosteiro
- Department of Pathology, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | | | | | - Pablo Aguirre
- Department of Pathology, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Maite Emaldi
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Leire Torices
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - José I. López
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Rafael Pulido
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- *Correspondence: Caroline E. Nunes-Xavier, ; Rafael Pulido,
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17
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Decaesteker B, Durinck K, Van Roy N, De Wilde B, Van Neste C, Van Haver S, Roberts S, De Preter K, Vermeirssen V, Speleman F. From DNA Copy Number Gains and Tumor Dependencies to Novel Therapeutic Targets for High-Risk Neuroblastoma. J Pers Med 2021; 11:1286. [PMID: 34945759 PMCID: PMC8707517 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11121286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a pediatric tumor arising from the sympatho-adrenal lineage and a worldwide leading cause of childhood cancer-related deaths. About half of high-risk patients die from the disease while survivors suffer from multiple therapy-related side-effects. While neuroblastomas present with a low mutational burden, focal and large segmental DNA copy number aberrations are highly recurrent and associated with poor survival. It can be assumed that the affected chromosomal regions contain critical genes implicated in neuroblastoma biology and behavior. More specifically, evidence has emerged that several of these genes are implicated in tumor dependencies thus potentially providing novel therapeutic entry points. In this review, we briefly review the current status of recurrent DNA copy number aberrations in neuroblastoma and provide an overview of the genes affected by these genomic variants for which a direct role in neuroblastoma has been established. Several of these genes are implicated in networks that positively regulate MYCN expression or stability as well as cell cycle control and apoptosis. Finally, we summarize alternative approaches to identify and prioritize candidate copy-number driven dependency genes for neuroblastoma offering novel therapeutic opportunities.
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Grants
- P30 CA008748 NCI NIH HHS
- G087221N, G.0507.12, G049720N,12U4718N, 11C3921N, 11J8313N, 12B5313N, 1514215N, 1197617N,1238420N, 12Q8322N, 3F018519, 12N6917N Fund for Scientific Research Flanders
- 2018-087, 2018-125, 2020-112 Belgian Foundation against Cancer
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Affiliation(s)
- Bieke Decaesteker
- Department for Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB1), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (B.D.); (K.D.); (N.V.R.); (B.D.W.); (C.V.N.); (S.V.H.); (K.D.P.); (V.V.)
| | - Kaat Durinck
- Department for Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB1), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (B.D.); (K.D.); (N.V.R.); (B.D.W.); (C.V.N.); (S.V.H.); (K.D.P.); (V.V.)
| | - Nadine Van Roy
- Department for Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB1), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (B.D.); (K.D.); (N.V.R.); (B.D.W.); (C.V.N.); (S.V.H.); (K.D.P.); (V.V.)
| | - Bram De Wilde
- Department for Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB1), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (B.D.); (K.D.); (N.V.R.); (B.D.W.); (C.V.N.); (S.V.H.); (K.D.P.); (V.V.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christophe Van Neste
- Department for Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB1), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (B.D.); (K.D.); (N.V.R.); (B.D.W.); (C.V.N.); (S.V.H.); (K.D.P.); (V.V.)
| | - Stéphane Van Haver
- Department for Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB1), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (B.D.); (K.D.); (N.V.R.); (B.D.W.); (C.V.N.); (S.V.H.); (K.D.P.); (V.V.)
| | - Stephen Roberts
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Katleen De Preter
- Department for Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB1), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (B.D.); (K.D.); (N.V.R.); (B.D.W.); (C.V.N.); (S.V.H.); (K.D.P.); (V.V.)
| | - Vanessa Vermeirssen
- Department for Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB1), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (B.D.); (K.D.); (N.V.R.); (B.D.W.); (C.V.N.); (S.V.H.); (K.D.P.); (V.V.)
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Frank Speleman
- Department for Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB1), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (B.D.); (K.D.); (N.V.R.); (B.D.W.); (C.V.N.); (S.V.H.); (K.D.P.); (V.V.)
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18
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Trivedi T, Panchal K, Bhalala N, Trivedi P, Panchal H. Combined Detection of Copy Number Variations of MYCN and ALK using Droplet Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction to Identify High-Risk Patients with Neuroblastoma. World Neurosurg 2021; 159:e48-e57. [PMID: 34861448 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.11.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study sought to explore the significance of copy number variations (CNVs) of MYCN (v-myc myelocytomatosis viral related oncogene, neuroblastoma derived [avian]) and ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase) genes individually as well as their combined impact on clinical outcome and overall survival of patients with neuroblastoma (NB). METHODS A total 71 individuals including healthy controls (n = 11), circulating DNA (n = 11), and primary tumors (n = 49) were evaluated to detect CNVs of MYCN and ALK genes using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction. Data were correlated with univariate and multivariate survival analysis. RESULTS CNVs of MYCN and ALK were detected in 27% and 18.2% from circulating DNA samples. A statistically significant difference in CNVs was noted between healthy controls and circulating DNA samples for MYCN (P = 0.001) and ALK (P = 0.004) genes. Further, we noted >70% concordance in CNVs of MYCN (P = 0.030) and ALK (P = 0.040) from primary tumors and concordant plasma samples of patients with NB. Multivariate survival analysis for disease-free survival (P = 0.031) and overall survival (P = 0.011) showed that CNVs of both genes emerged at step 1 and thus remained as significant markers for predicting early recurrence and shorter survival, respectively, for patients with NB. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that the analysis of circulating DNA by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction is a helpful technique to identify high-risk patients for aggressive therapy at an early stage of disease. We also concluded that codetection of MYCN and ALK is a more powerful tool for identifying high-risk patients with NB. Thus, this study showed a novel coordinately significant prognostic role of MYCN and ALK CNVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trupti Trivedi
- Clinical Carcinogenesis Laboratory, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
| | - Kinjal Panchal
- Clinical Carcinogenesis Laboratory, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Neha Bhalala
- Clinical Carcinogenesis Laboratory, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Priti Trivedi
- Department of Oncopathology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Harsha Panchal
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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19
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Chromosome Imbalances in Neuroblastoma-Recent Molecular Insight into Chromosome 1p-deletion, 2p-gain, and 11q-deletion Identifies New Friends and Foes for the Future. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13235897. [PMID: 34885007 PMCID: PMC8657310 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Neuroblastoma is a pediatric cancer that arises in the sympathetic nervous system. High-risk neuroblastoma is clinically challenging and identification of novel therapies, particularly those that offer a reduction in morbidity for these patients, is a high priority. Combining genetic analyses with investigation of molecular mechanisms, while considering recent advances in our understanding of key developmental events, provides avenues for future treatment. Here we review and highlight several recently published articles that address novel molecular mechanisms arising from chromosome 1p, 2p, and 11q aberrations, which likely contribute to high-risk neuroblastoma, and discusses their potential impact on treatment options. Abstract Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid pediatric tumor, with around 15% childhood cancer-related mortality. High-risk neuroblastomas exhibit a range of genetic, morphological, and clinical heterogeneities, which add complexity to diagnosis and treatment with existing modalities. Identification of novel therapies is a high priority in high-risk neuroblastoma, and the combination of genetic analysis with increased mechanistic understanding—including identification of key signaling and developmental events—provides optimism for the future. This focused review highlights several recent findings concerning chromosomes 1p, 2p, and 11q, which link genetic aberrations with aberrant molecular signaling output. These novel molecular insights contribute important knowledge towards more effective treatment strategies for neuroblastoma.
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20
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Szydzik J, Lind DE, Arefin B, Kurhe Y, Umapathy G, Siaw JT, Claeys A, Gabre JL, Van den Eynden J, Hallberg B, Palmer RH. ATR inhibition enables complete tumour regression in ALK-driven NB mouse models. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6813. [PMID: 34819497 PMCID: PMC8613282 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27057-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
High-risk neuroblastoma (NB) often involves MYCN amplification as well as mutations in ALK. Currently, high-risk NB presents significant clinical challenges, and additional therapeutic options are needed. Oncogenes like MYCN and ALK result in increased replication stress in cancer cells, offering therapeutically exploitable options. We have pursued phosphoproteomic analyses highlighting ATR activity in ALK-driven NB cells, identifying the BAY1895344 ATR inhibitor as a potent inhibitor of NB cell growth and proliferation. Using RNA-Seq, proteomics and phosphoproteomics we characterize NB cell and tumour responses to ATR inhibition, identifying key components of the DNA damage response as ATR targets in NB cells. ATR inhibition also produces robust responses in mouse models. Remarkably, a 2-week combined ATR/ALK inhibition protocol leads to complete tumor regression in two independent genetically modified mouse NB models. These results suggest that NB patients, particularly in high-risk groups with oncogene-induced replication stress, may benefit from ATR inhibition as therapeutic intervention. Effective therapeutic options are still needed in neuroblastoma treatment. Here, the authors, through a comprehensive proteomics analysis, identify ATR as a potential therapeutic target of neuroblastoma and demonstrate the efficacy of the ATR inhibitor BAY1895344 in combination with the ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor lorlatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Szydzik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Dan E Lind
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Badrul Arefin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yeshwant Kurhe
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ganesh Umapathy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Joachim Tetteh Siaw
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Arne Claeys
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jonatan L Gabre
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Human Structure and Repair, Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jimmy Van den Eynden
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Bengt Hallberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Ruth H Palmer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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21
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Defining Pathological Activities of ALK in Neuroblastoma, a Neural Crest-Derived Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111718. [PMID: 34769149 PMCID: PMC8584162 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a common extracranial solid tumour of childhood, responsible for 15% of cancer-related deaths in children. Prognoses vary from spontaneous remission to aggressive disease with extensive metastases, where treatment is challenging. Tumours are thought to arise from sympathoadrenal progenitor cells, which derive from an embryonic cell population called neural crest cells that give rise to diverse cell types, such as facial bone and cartilage, pigmented cells, and neurons. Tumours are found associated with mature derivatives of neural crest, such as the adrenal medulla or paraspinal ganglia. Sympathoadrenal progenitor cells express anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), which encodes a tyrosine kinase receptor that is the most frequently mutated gene in neuroblastoma. Activating mutations in the kinase domain are common in both sporadic and familial cases. The oncogenic role of ALK has been extensively studied, but little is known about its physiological role. Recent studies have implicated ALK in neural crest migration and sympathetic neurogenesis. However, very few downstream targets of ALK have been identified. Here, we describe pathological activation of ALK in the neural crest, which promotes proliferation and migration, while preventing differentiation, thus inducing the onset of neuroblastoma. Understanding the effects of ALK activity on neural crest cells will help find new targets for neuroblastoma treatment.
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22
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Pearson ADJ, Barry E, Mossé YP, Ligas F, Bird N, de Rojas T, Zimmerman ZF, Wilner K, Woessmann W, Weiner S, Weigel B, Venkatramani R, Valteau D, Trahair T, Smith M, Singh S, Selvaggi G, Scobie N, Schleiermacher G, Richardson N, Park J, Nysom K, Norga K, Merino M, McDonough J, Matloub Y, Marshall LV, Lowe E, Lesa G, Irwin M, Karres D, Gajjar A, Doz F, Fox E, DuBois SG, Donoghue M, Casanova M, Caron H, Buenger V, Bradford D, Blanc P, Barone A, Reaman G, Vassal G. Second Paediatric Strategy Forum for anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibition in paediatric malignancies: ACCELERATE in collaboration with the European Medicines Agency with the participation of the Food and Drug Administration. Eur J Cancer 2021; 157:198-213. [PMID: 34536944 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The first (2017) and sixth (2021) multistakeholder Paediatric Strategy Forums focused on anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibition in paediatric malignancies. ALK is an important oncogene and target in several paediatric tumours (anaplastic large cell lymphoma [ALCL], inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour [IMT], neuroblastoma and hemispheric gliomas in infants and young children) with unmet therapeutic needs. ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been demonstrated to be active both in ALK fusion-kinase positive ALCL and IMT. ALK alterations differ, with fusions occurring in ALCL, IMT and gliomas, and activating mutations and amplification in neuroblastoma. While there are many ALK inhibitors in development, the number of children diagnosed with ALK driven malignancies is very small. The objectives of this ALK Forum were to (i) Describe current knowledge of ALK biology in childhood cancers; (ii) Provide an overview of the development of ALK inhibitors for children; (iii) Identify the unmet needs taking into account planned or current ongoing trials; (iv) Conclude how second/third-generation inhibitors could be evaluated and prioritised; (v) Identify lessons learnt from the experience with ALK inhibitors to accelerate the paediatric development of other anti-cancer targeted agents in the new regulatory environments. There has been progress over the last four years, with more trials of ALK inhibitors opened in paediatrics and more regulatory submissions. In January 2021, the US Food and Drug Administration approved crizotinib for the treatment of paediatric and young adult patients with relapsed or refractory ALCL and there are paediatric investigation plans (PIPs) for brigatinib and for crizotinib in ALCL and IMT. In ALCL, the current goal is to investigate the inclusion of ALK inhibitors in front-line therapy with the aim of decreasing toxicity with higher/similar efficacy compared to present first-line therapies. For IMT, the focus is to develop a joint prospective trial with one product in children, adolescents and adults, taking advantage of the common biology across the age spectrum. As approximately 50% of IMTs are ALK-positive, molecular analysis is required to identify patients to be treated with an ALK inhibitor. For neuroblastoma, crizotinib has not shown robust anti-tumour activity. A focused and sequential development of ALK inhibitors with very good central nervous system (CNS) penetration in CNS tumours with ALK fusions should be undertaken. The Forum reinforced the strong need for global academic collaboration, very early involvement of regulators with studies seeking possible registration and early academia-multicompany engagement. Innovations in study design and conduct and the use of 'real-world data' supporting development in these rare sub-groups of patients for whom randomised clinical trials are not feasible are important initiatives. A focused and sequenced development strategy, where one product is evaluated first with other products being assessed sequentially, is applicable for ALK inhibitors and other medicinal products in children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yael P Mossé
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA
| | - Franca Ligas
- Paediatric Medicines Office, Scientific Evidence Generation Department, Human Medicines Division, European Medicines Agency (EMA), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Koen Norga
- Antwerp University Hospital, Paediatric Committee of the European Medicines Agency, Federal Agency for Medicines and Health Products, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Lynley V Marshall
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust and the Institute of Cancer Research, UK
| | - Eric Lowe
- Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters, USA
| | - Giovanni Lesa
- Paediatric Medicines Office, Scientific Evidence Generation Department, Human Medicines Division, European Medicines Agency (EMA), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Dominik Karres
- Paediatric Medicines Office, Scientific Evidence Generation Department, Human Medicines Division, European Medicines Agency (EMA), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gilles Vassal
- ACCELERATE, Europe; Gustave Roussy Cancer Centre, France
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23
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Brenner AK, Gunnes MW. Therapeutic Targeting of the Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) in Neuroblastoma-A Comprehensive Update. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091427. [PMID: 34575503 PMCID: PMC8470592 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NBL) is an embryonic malignancy of the sympathetic nervous system and mostly affects children under the age of five. NBL is highly heterogeneous and ranges from spontaneously regressing to highly aggressive disease. One of the risk factors for poor prognosis are aberrations in the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), which is involved in the normal development and function of the nervous system. ALK mutations lead to constitutive activation of ALK and its downstream signalling pathways, thus driving tumorigenesis. A wide range of steric ALK inhibitors has been synthesized, and several of these inhibitors are already in clinical use. Major challenges are acquired drug resistance to steric inhibitors and pathway evasion strategies of cancer cells upon targeted therapy. This review will give a comprehensive overview on ALK inhibitors in clinical use in high-risk NBL and on the potential and limitations of novel inhibitors. Because combinatory treatment regimens are probably less likely to induce drug resistance, a special focus will be on the combination of ALK inhibitors with drugs that either target downstream signalling pathways or that affect the survival and proliferation of cancer cells in general.
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24
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O'Donohue TJ, Ibáñez G, Coutinho DF, Mauguen A, Siddiquee A, Rosales N, Calder P, Ndengu A, You D, Long M, Roberts SS, Kung AL, Dela Cruz FS. Translational Strategies for Repotrectinib in Neuroblastoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:2189-2197. [PMID: 34482287 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Limited clinical data are available regarding the utility of multikinase inhibition in neuroblastoma. Repotrectinib (TPX-0005) is a multikinase inhibitor that targets ALK, TRK, JAK2/STAT, and Src/FAK, which have all been implicated in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma. We evaluated the preclinical activity of repotrectinib monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapy as a potential therapeutic approach for relapsed/refractory neuroblastoma. In vitro sensitivity to repotrectinib, ensartinib, and cytotoxic chemotherapy was evaluated in neuroblastoma cell lines. In vivo antitumor effect of repotrectinib monotherapy, and in combination with chemotherapy, was evaluated using a genotypically diverse cohort of patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of neuroblastoma. Repotrectinib had comparable cytotoxic activity across cell lines irrespective of ALK mutational status. Combination with chemotherapy demonstrated increased antiproliferative activity across several cell lines. Repotrectinib monotherapy had notable antitumor activity and prolonged event-free survival compared with vehicle and ensartinib in PDX models (P < 0.05). Repotrectinib plus chemotherapy was superior to chemotherapy alone in ALK-mutant and ALK wild-type PDX models. These results demonstrate that repotrectinib has antitumor activity in genotypically diverse neuroblastoma models, and that combination of a multikinase inhibitor with chemotherapy may be a promising treatment paradigm for translation to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara J O'Donohue
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Glorymar Ibáñez
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Audrey Mauguen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Armaan Siddiquee
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Nestor Rosales
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Paul Calder
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Andoyo Ndengu
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Daoqi You
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Matthew Long
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Stephen S Roberts
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Andrew L Kung
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
| | - Filemon S Dela Cruz
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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25
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Liu T, Merguerian MD, Rowe SP, Pratilas CA, Chen AR, Ladle BH. Exceptional response to the ALK and ROS1 inhibitor lorlatinib and subsequent mechanism of resistance in relapsed ALK F1174L-mutated neuroblastoma. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2021; 7:mcs.a006064. [PMID: 34210658 PMCID: PMC8327881 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a006064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma typically incorporates multiagent chemotherapy, surgery, radiation therapy, autologous stem cell transplantation, immunotherapy, and differentiation therapy. The discovery of activating mutations in ALK receptor tyrosine kinase (ALK) in ∼8% of neuroblastomas opens the possibility of further improving outcomes for this subset of patients with the addition of ALK inhibitors. ALK inhibitors have shown efficacy in tumors such as non-small-cell lung cancer and anaplastic large cell lymphoma in which wild-type ALK overexpression is driven by translocation events. In contrast, ALK mutations driving neuroblastomas are missense mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain yielding constitutive activation and differing sensitivity to available ALK inhibitors. We describe a case of a patient with relapsed, refractory, metastatic ALK F1174L-mutated neuroblastoma who showed no response to the first-generation ALK inhibitor crizotinib but had a subsequent complete response to the ALK/ROS1 inhibitor lorlatinib. The patient's disease relapsed after 13 mo of treatment. Sequencing of cell-free DNA at the time of relapse pointed toward a potential mechanism of acquired lorlatinib resistance: amplification of CDK4 and FGFR1 and a NRAS Q61K mutation. We review the literature regarding differing sensitivity of ALK mutations found in neuroblastoma to current FDA-approved ALK inhibitors and known pathways of acquired resistance. Our report adds to the literature of important correlations between neuroblastoma ALK mutation status and clinical responsiveness to ALK inhibitors. It also highlights the importance of understanding acquired mechanisms of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Division of Pediatric Oncology, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - Matthew D Merguerian
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Division of Pediatric Oncology, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - Steven P Rowe
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - Christine A Pratilas
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Division of Pediatric Oncology, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - Allen R Chen
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Division of Pediatric Oncology, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - Brian H Ladle
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Division of Pediatric Oncology, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
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26
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Neuroblastoma Risk Assessment and Treatment Stratification with Hybrid Capture-Based Panel Sequencing. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11080691. [PMID: 34442335 PMCID: PMC8398598 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11080691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
For many years, the risk-based therapy stratification of children with neuroblastoma has relied on clinical and molecular covariates. In recent years, genome analysis has revealed further alterations defining risk, tumor biology, and therapeutic targets. The implementation of a robust and scalable method for analyzing traditional and new molecular markers in routine diagnostics is an urgent clinical need. Here, we investigated targeted panel sequencing as a diagnostic approach to analyze all relevant genomic neuroblastoma risk markers in one assay. Our "neuroblastoma hybrid capture sequencing panel" (NB-HCSP) assay employs a technology for the high-coverage sequencing (>1000×) of 55 selected genes and neuroblastoma-relevant genomic regions, which allows for the detection of single nucleotide changes, structural rearrangements, and copy number alterations. We validated our assay by analyzing 15 neuroblastoma cell lines and a cohort of 20 neuroblastomas, for which reference routine diagnostic data and genome sequencing data were available. We observed a high concordance for risk markers identified by the NB-HSCP assay, clinical routine diagnostics, and genome sequencing. Subsequently, we demonstrated clinical applicability of the NB-HCSP assay by analyzing routine clinical samples. We conclude that the NB-HCSP assay may be implemented into routine diagnostics as a single assay that covers all essential covariates for initial neuroblastoma classification, extended risk stratification, and targeted therapy selection.
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27
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BioID-Screening Identifies PEAK1 and SHP2 as Components of the ALK Proximitome in Neuroblastoma Cells. J Mol Biol 2021; 433:167158. [PMID: 34273398 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that is mutated in approximately 10% of pediatric neuroblastoma (NB). To shed light on ALK-driven signaling processes, we employed BioID-based in vivo proximity labeling to identify molecules that interact intracellularly with ALK. NB-derived SK-N-AS and SK-N-BE(2) cells expressing inducible ALK-BirA* fusion proteins were generated and stimulated with ALKAL ligands in the presence and absence of the ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) lorlatinib. LC/MS-MS analysis identified multiple proteins, including PEAK1 and SHP2, which were validated as ALK interactors in NB cells. Further analysis of the ALK-SHP2 interaction confirmed that the ALK-SHP2 interaction as well as SHP2-Y542 phosphorylation was dependent on ALK activation. Use of the SHP2 inhibitors, SHP099 and RMC-4550, resulted in inhibition of cell growth in ALK-driven NB cells. In addition, we noted a strong synergistic effect of combined ALK and SHP2 inhibition that was specific to ALK-driven NB cells, suggesting a potential therapeutic option for ALK-driven NB.
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28
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Huang H, Gont A, Kee L, Dries R, Pfeifer K, Sharma B, Debruyne DN, Harlow M, Sengupta S, Guan J, Yeung CM, Wang W, Hallberg B, Palmer RH, Irwin MS, George RE. Extracellular domain shedding of the ALK receptor mediates neuroblastoma cell migration. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109363. [PMID: 34260934 PMCID: PMC8328392 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although activating mutations of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) membrane receptor occur in ~10% of neuroblastoma (NB) tumors, the role of the wild-type (WT) receptor, which is aberrantly expressed in most non-mutated cases, is unclear. Both WT and mutant proteins undergo extracellular domain (ECD) cleavage. Here, we map the cleavage site to Asn654-Leu655 and demonstrate that cleavage inhibition of WT ALK significantly impedes NB cell migration with subsequent prolongation of survival in mouse models. Cleavage inhibition results in the downregulation of an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) gene signature, with decreased nuclear localization and occupancy of β-catenin at EMT gene promoters. We further show that cleavage is mediated by matrix metalloproteinase 9, whose genetic and pharmacologic inactivation inhibits cleavage and decreases NB cell migration. Together, our results indicate a pivotal role for WT ALK ECD cleavage in NB pathogenesis, which may be harnessed for therapeutic benefit. Huang et al. show that extracellular domain (ECD) cleavage of the ALK cell surface tyrosine kinase receptor mediates neuroblastoma cell migration through induction of an EMT phenotype. ECD cleavage is caused by MMP-9 whose inhibition leads to decreased cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Huang
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alexander Gont
- Department of Pediatrics and Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lynn Kee
- Department of Pediatrics and Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ruben Dries
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kathrin Pfeifer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bandana Sharma
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David N Debruyne
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthew Harlow
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Satyaki Sengupta
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jikui Guan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Caleb M Yeung
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wenchao Wang
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bengt Hallberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ruth H Palmer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Meredith S Irwin
- Department of Pediatrics and Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Rani E George
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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29
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Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Overexpression Is Associated with Aggressive Phenotypic Characteristics of Ovarian High-Grade Serous Carcinoma. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 191:1837-1850. [PMID: 34214505 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Deregulated full-length anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) overexpression has been found in some primary solid tumors, but little is known about its role in ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC). Herein, we focused on the functional roles of ALK in HGSC. Cytoplasmic ALK immunoreactivity without chromosomal rearrangement and gene mutations was significantly higher in HGSC compared with non-HGSC type ovarian carcinomas, and was significantly associated with several unfavorable clinicopathologic factors and poor prognosis. HGSC cell lines stably overexpressing ALK exhibited increased cell proliferation, enhanced cancer stem cell features, and accelerated cell mobility, whereas these phenotypes were abrogated in ALK-knockdown cells. Expression of the nervous system-associated gene, ELAVL3, and the corresponding protein (commonly known as HuC) was significantly increased in cells overexpressing ALK. There was increased expression of Sox2 and Sox3 (genes associated with the neural progenitor population) in ALK-overexpressing but not ALK-knockdown cells. Furthermore, overexpression of Sox2 or Sox3 enhanced both ALK and ELAVL3 promoter activities, suggesting the existence of ALK/Sox/HuC signaling loops. Finally, ALK overexpression was due to increased expression of neuroendocrine markers, including synaptophysin, CD56, and BCL2, in HGSC tissues. These findings suggest that overexpression of full-length ALK may influence the biological behavior of HGSC through cooperation with ELAVL3 and Sox factors, leading to establishment and maintenance of the aggressive phenotypic characteristics of HGSC.
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30
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Bellini A, Pötschger U, Bernard V, Lapouble E, Baulande S, Ambros PF, Auger N, Beiske K, Bernkopf M, Betts DR, Bhalshankar J, Bown N, de Preter K, Clément N, Combaret V, Font de Mora J, George SL, Jiménez I, Jeison M, Marques B, Martinsson T, Mazzocco K, Morini M, Mühlethaler-Mottet A, Noguera R, Pierron G, Rossing M, Taschner-Mandl S, Van Roy N, Vicha A, Chesler L, Balwierz W, Castel V, Elliott M, Kogner P, Laureys G, Luksch R, Malis J, Popovic-Beck M, Ash S, Delattre O, Valteau-Couanet D, Tweddle DA, Ladenstein R, Schleiermacher G. Frequency and Prognostic Impact of ALK Amplifications and Mutations in the European Neuroblastoma Study Group (SIOPEN) High-Risk Neuroblastoma Trial (HR-NBL1). J Clin Oncol 2021; 39:3377-3390. [PMID: 34115544 PMCID: PMC8791815 DOI: 10.1200/jco.21.00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In neuroblastoma (NB), the ALK receptor tyrosine kinase can be constitutively activated through activating point mutations or genomic amplification. We studied ALK genetic alterations in high-risk (HR) patients on the HR-NBL1/SIOPEN trial to determine their frequency, correlation with clinical parameters, and prognostic impact. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diagnostic tumor samples were available from 1,092 HR-NBL1/SIOPEN patients to determine ALK amplification status (n = 330), ALK mutational profile (n = 191), or both (n = 571). RESULTS Genomic ALK amplification (ALKa) was detected in 4.5% of cases (41 out of 901), all except one with MYCN amplification (MNA). ALKa was associated with a significantly poorer overall survival (OS) (5-year OS: ALKa [n = 41] 28% [95% CI, 15 to 42]; no-ALKa [n = 860] 51% [95% CI, 47 to 54], [P < .001]), particularly in cases with metastatic disease. ALK mutations (ALKm) were detected at a clonal level (> 20% mutated allele fraction) in 10% of cases (76 out of 762) and at a subclonal level (mutated allele fraction 0.1%-20%) in 3.9% of patients (30 out of 762), with a strong correlation between the presence of ALKm and MNA (P < .001). Among 571 cases with known ALKa and ALKm status, a statistically significant difference in OS was observed between cases with ALKa or clonal ALKm versus subclonal ALKm or no ALK alterations (5-year OS: ALKa [n = 19], 26% [95% CI, 10 to 47], clonal ALKm [n = 65] 33% [95% CI, 21 to 44], subclonal ALKm (n = 22) 48% [95% CI, 26 to 67], and no alteration [n = 465], 51% [95% CI, 46 to 55], respectively; P = .001). Importantly, in a multivariate model, involvement of more than one metastatic compartment (hazard ratio [HR], 2.87; P < .001), ALKa (HR, 2.38; P = .004), and clonal ALKm (HR, 1.77; P = .001) were independent predictors of poor outcome. CONCLUSION Genetic alterations of ALK (clonal mutations and amplifications) in HR-NB are independent predictors of poorer survival. These data provide a rationale for integration of ALK inhibitors in upfront treatment of HR-NB with ALK alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Bellini
- Equipe SiRIC RTOP Recherche Translationelle en Oncologie Pédiatrique, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,INSERM U830, Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie des Cancers, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Ulrike Pötschger
- Department for Studies and Statistics and Integrated Research, Vienna, Austria.,St Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - Virginie Bernard
- Institut Curie Genomics of Excellence (ICGex) Platform, Research Center, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Eve Lapouble
- Unité de Génétique Somatique, Service de Génétique, Hospital Group, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Baulande
- Institut Curie Genomics of Excellence (ICGex) Platform, Research Center, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Peter F Ambros
- St Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nathalie Auger
- Service de Génétique des tumeurs; Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Klaus Beiske
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, and Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marie Bernkopf
- St Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - David R Betts
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jaydutt Bhalshankar
- Equipe SiRIC RTOP Recherche Translationelle en Oncologie Pédiatrique, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,INSERM U830, Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie des Cancers, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Nick Bown
- Northern Genetics Service, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nathalie Clément
- Equipe SiRIC RTOP Recherche Translationelle en Oncologie Pédiatrique, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,INSERM U830, Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie des Cancers, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Combaret
- Translational Research Laboratory, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | | | - Sally L George
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Jiménez
- Equipe SiRIC RTOP Recherche Translationelle en Oncologie Pédiatrique, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,INSERM U830, Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie des Cancers, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Marta Jeison
- Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Barbara Marques
- Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Katia Mazzocco
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Martina Morini
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Annick Mühlethaler-Mottet
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Research Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rosa Noguera
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Valencia-Incliva Health Research Institute/CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gaelle Pierron
- Unité de Génétique Somatique, Service de Génétique, Hospital Group, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Maria Rossing
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Ales Vicha
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Louis Chesler
- Paediatric Tumour Biology, Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Walentyna Balwierz
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Victoria Castel
- Clinical and Translational Oncology Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Martin Elliott
- Leeds Children's Hospital, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Per Kogner
- Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Geneviève Laureys
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Princess Elisabeth Children's Hospital, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roberto Luksch
- Paediatric Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Josef Malis
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Maja Popovic-Beck
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Shifra Ash
- Ruth Rappaport Children's Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Olivier Delattre
- INSERM U830, Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie des Cancers, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Institut Curie Genomics of Excellence (ICGex) Platform, Research Center, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Deborah A Tweddle
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle Centre for Cancer, Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth Ladenstein
- Department for Studies and Statistics and Integrated Research, St Anna Children's Hospital, St Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gudrun Schleiermacher
- Equipe SiRIC RTOP Recherche Translationelle en Oncologie Pédiatrique, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,INSERM U830, Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie des Cancers, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
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31
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Mlakar V, Morel E, Mlakar SJ, Ansari M, Gumy-Pause F. A review of the biological and clinical implications of RAS-MAPK pathway alterations in neuroblastoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:189. [PMID: 34103089 PMCID: PMC8188681 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01967-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extra-cranial solid tumor in children, representing approximately 8% of all malignant childhood tumors and 15% of pediatric cancer-related deaths. Recent sequencing and transcriptomics studies have demonstrated the RAS-MAPK pathway’s contribution to the development and progression of neuroblastoma. This review compiles up-to-date evidence of this pathway’s involvement in neuroblastoma. We discuss the RAS-MAPK pathway’s general functioning, the clinical implications of its deregulation in neuroblastoma, and current promising therapeutics targeting proteins involved in signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vid Mlakar
- CANSEARCH Research Platform for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Edouard Morel
- CANSEARCH Research Platform for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Simona Jurkovic Mlakar
- CANSEARCH Research Platform for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marc Ansari
- CANSEARCH Research Platform for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Women, Child and Adolescent, University Hospital of Geneva, Rue Willy-Donzé 6, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Gumy-Pause
- CANSEARCH Research Platform for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Division of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Women, Child and Adolescent, University Hospital of Geneva, Rue Willy-Donzé 6, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Liquid biomarkers for the management of paediatric neuroblastoma: an approach to personalised and targeted cancer therapy. JOURNAL OF RADIOTHERAPY IN PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.1017/s1460396920000102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBackground:Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumour of infancy and accounts for about 6–10% of paediatric cancers. It has a biologically and clinically heterogeneous behaviour that ranges from spontaneous regression to cases of highly aggressive metastatic disease that could be unresponsive to standard therapy. In recent years, there have been several investigations into the development of various diagnostic, predictive and prognostic biomarkers towards personalised and targeted management of the disease.Materials and Methods:This paper reports on the review of current clinical and emerging biomarkers used in risk assessment, screening for early detection and diagnosis, prognostication and monitoring of the response of treatment of neuroblastoma in paediatric patients.Conclusions:Tumour markers can significantly improve diagnosis; however, the invasive, unpleasant and inconvenient nature of current tissue biopsies limits their applications, especially in paediatric patients. Therefore, the development of a non-invasive, reliable high accurate and personalised diagnostic tool capable of early detection and rapid response is the most promising step towards advanced cancer management from tumour diagnosis, therapy to patient monitoring and represents an important step towards the promise of precision, personalised and targeted medicine. Liquid biopsy assay with wide ranges of clinical applications is emerging to hold incredible potential for advancing cancer treatment and has greater promise for diagnostic purposes, identification and tracking of tumour-specific alterations during the course of the disease and to guide therapeutic decisions.
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Antoni D, Burckel H, Noel G. Combining Radiation Therapy with ALK Inhibitors in Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): A Clinical and Preclinical Overview. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2394. [PMID: 34063424 PMCID: PMC8156706 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past years, the identification of genetic alterations in oncogenic drivers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has significantly and favorably transformed the outcome of patients who can benefit from targeted therapies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Among these genetic alterations, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements were discovered in 2007 and are present in 3-5% of patients with NSCLC. In addition, radiotherapy remains one of the cornerstones of NSCLC treatment. Moreover, improvements in the field of radiotherapy with the use of hypofractionated or ablative stereotactic radiotherapy have led to a better outcome for localized or oligometastatic NSCLC. To date, the effects of the combination of ALK inhibitors and radiotherapy are unclear in terms of safety and efficacy but could potently improve treatment. In this manuscript, we provide a clinical and preclinical overview of combining radiation therapy with ALK inhibitors in anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Antoni
- Paul Strauss Comprehensive Cancer Center, Radiobiology Laboratory, Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg University, UNICANCER, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (H.B.); (G.N.)
- Department of Radiotherapy, ICANS, Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe, 17 rue Albert Calmette, CEDEX, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Hélène Burckel
- Paul Strauss Comprehensive Cancer Center, Radiobiology Laboratory, Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg University, UNICANCER, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (H.B.); (G.N.)
| | - Georges Noel
- Paul Strauss Comprehensive Cancer Center, Radiobiology Laboratory, Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg University, UNICANCER, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (H.B.); (G.N.)
- Department of Radiotherapy, ICANS, Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe, 17 rue Albert Calmette, CEDEX, 67200 Strasbourg, France
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Advances in immunotherapeutic targets for childhood cancers: A focus on glypican-2 and B7-H3. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 223:107892. [PMID: 33992682 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapies have revolutionized how we can treat adult malignancies and are being translated to pediatric oncology. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy and bispecific antibodies targeting CD19 have shown success for the treatment of pediatric patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody has demonstrated efficacy in neuroblastoma. In this review, we summarize the immunotherapeutic agents that have been approved for treating childhood cancers and provide an updated review of molecules expressed by pediatric cancers that are under study or are emerging candidates for future immunotherapies. Advances in our knowledge of tumor immunology and in genome profiling of cancers has led to the identification of new tumor-specific/associated antigens. While cell surface antigens are normally targeted in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-independent manner using antibody-based therapies, intracellular antigens are normally targeted with MHC-dependent T cell therapies. Glypican 2 (GPC2) and B7-H3 (CD276) are two cell surface antigens that are expressed by a variety of pediatric tumors such as neuroblastoma and potentially can have a positive impact on the treatment of pediatric cancers in the clinic.
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Li J, Wang Y, Li L, Or PMY, Wai Wong C, Liu T, Ho WLH, Chan AM. Tumour-derived substrate-adherent cells promote neuroblastoma survival through secreted trophic factors. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:2011-2025. [PMID: 33932101 PMCID: PMC8334291 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumour in children. NB is highly heterogeneous and is comprised of a mixture of neuroblastic cancer cells and stromal cells. We previously reported that N‐type cells (neuroblastic cells) and S‐type cells (substrate‐adherent cells) in the SK‐N‐SH cell line shared almost identical genetic backgrounds. Sublines of N‐ and S‐type cells were isolated from an early passage (P35) of SK‐N‐SH. Sequencing analysis revealed that all sublines harboured the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) F1174L mutation, indicating that they were tumour derived. Surprisingly, over 74% resembled S‐type cells. In coculture experiments, S‐type cells protected N‐type cells from apoptosis induced by the oncogenic ALK inhibitor TAE684. Western blotting analyses showed that ALK, protein kinase A (AKT) and STAT3 signalling were stimulated in the cocultures. Furthermore, the conditioned medium from S‐type cells activated these downstream signalling molecules in the N‐type cells. The activation of STAT3 in the N‐type cells was ALK‐independent, while AKT was regulated by the ALK activation status. To identify the responsible soluble factors, we used a combination of transcriptomic and proteomic analysis and found that plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, secreted protein acidic and cysteine rich, periostin and galectin‐1 were potential mediators of STAT3 signalling. The addition of recombinant proteins to the tumour cells treated with the ALK inhibitor partially enhanced cell viability. Overall, the tumour‐derived S‐type cells prevented apoptosis in the N‐type cells via ALK‐independent STAT3 activation triggered by secreted factors. The inhibition of these factors in combination with ALK inhibition could provide a new direction for targeted therapies to treat high‐risk NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yubing Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lisha Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Penelope M-Y Or
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi Wai Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tian Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wayne L H Ho
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Andrew M Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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36
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Siaw JT, Javanmardi N, Van den Eynden J, Lind DE, Fransson S, Martinez-Monleon A, Djos A, Sjöberg RM, Östensson M, Carén H, Trøen G, Beiske K, Berbegall AP, Noguera R, Lai WY, Kogner P, Palmer RH, Hallberg B, Martinsson T. 11q Deletion or ALK Activity Curbs DLG2 Expression to Maintain an Undifferentiated State in Neuroblastoma. Cell Rep 2021; 32:108171. [PMID: 32966799 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk neuroblastomas typically display an undifferentiated or poorly differentiated morphology. It is therefore vital to understand molecular mechanisms that block the differentiation process. We identify an important role for oncogenic ALK-ERK1/2-SP1 signaling in the maintenance of undifferentiated neural crest-derived progenitors through the repression of DLG2, a candidate tumor suppressor gene in neuroblastoma. DLG2 is expressed in the murine "bridge signature" that represents the transcriptional transition state when neural crest cells or Schwann cell precursors differentiate to chromaffin cells of the adrenal gland. We show that the restoration of DLG2 expression spontaneously drives neuroblastoma cell differentiation, highlighting the importance of DLG2 in this process. These findings are supported by genetic analyses of high-risk 11q deletion neuroblastomas, which identified genetic lesions in the DLG2 gene. Our data also suggest that further exploration of other bridge genes may help elucidate the mechanisms underlying the differentiation of NC-derived progenitors and their contribution to neuroblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Tetteh Siaw
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Niloufar Javanmardi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jimmy Van den Eynden
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dan Emil Lind
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Susanne Fransson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Angela Martinez-Monleon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Djos
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rose-Marie Sjöberg
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Malin Östensson
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Helena Carén
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gunhild Trøen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Klaus Beiske
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ana P Berbegall
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Valencia/INCLIVA, Valencia/CIBER of Cancer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Noguera
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Valencia/INCLIVA, Valencia/CIBER of Cancer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Wei-Yun Lai
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Kogner
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ruth H Palmer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Bengt Hallberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Tommy Martinsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Siaw JT, Gabre JL, Uçkun E, Vigny M, Zhang W, Van den Eynden J, Hallberg B, Palmer RH, Guan J. Loss of RET Promotes Mesenchymal Identity in Neuroblastoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081909. [PMID: 33921066 PMCID: PMC8071449 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) drives neuroblastoma (NB). Previous work identified the RET receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) as a downstream target of ALK activity in NB models. We show here that ALK activation in response to ALKAL2 ligand results in the rapid phosphorylation of RET in NB cells, providing additional insight into the contribution of RET to the ALK-driven gene signature in NB. To further address the role of RET in NB, RET knockout (KO) SK-N-AS cells were generated by CRISPR/Cas9 genome engineering. Gene expression analysis of RET KO NB cells identified a reprogramming of NB cells to a mesenchymal (MES) phenotype that was characterized by increased migration and upregulation of the AXL and MNNG HOS transforming gene (MET) RTKs, as well as integrins and extracellular matrix components. Strikingly, the upregulation of AXL in the absence of RET reflects the development timeline observed in the neural crest as progenitor cells undergo differentiation during embryonic development. Together, these findings suggest that a MES phenotype is promoted in mesenchymal NB cells in the absence of RET, reflective of a less differentiated developmental status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim T. Siaw
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (J.T.S.); (J.L.G.); (E.U.); (B.H.); (R.H.P.)
| | - Jonatan L. Gabre
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (J.T.S.); (J.L.G.); (E.U.); (B.H.); (R.H.P.)
- Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Ezgi Uçkun
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (J.T.S.); (J.L.G.); (E.U.); (B.H.); (R.H.P.)
| | - Marc Vigny
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UPMC, INSERM UMRS-839, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Wancun Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Oncology Surgery, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China;
| | - Jimmy Van den Eynden
- Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Bengt Hallberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (J.T.S.); (J.L.G.); (E.U.); (B.H.); (R.H.P.)
| | - Ruth H. Palmer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (J.T.S.); (J.L.G.); (E.U.); (B.H.); (R.H.P.)
| | - Jikui Guan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (J.T.S.); (J.L.G.); (E.U.); (B.H.); (R.H.P.)
- Department of Pediatric Oncology Surgery, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China;
- Correspondence:
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O'Donohue T, Gulati N, Mauguen A, Kushner BH, Shukla N, Rodriguez-Sanchez MI, Bouvier N, Roberts S, Basu E, Cheung NK, Modak S. Differential Impact of ALK Mutations in Neuroblastoma. JCO Precis Oncol 2021; 5:PO.20.00181. [PMID: 34250410 DOI: 10.1200/po.20.00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The tyrosine kinase receptor anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) can be abnormally activated in neuroblastoma, and somatic ALK mutations occur in 6%-10% of patients. The differential clinical impact of these mutations has not been clearly elucidated. METHODS Data on patients with neuroblastoma harboring ALK mutations were retrospectively analyzed. ALK sequencing was performed by whole-genome sequencing, hybrid-based capture of targeted exomes, or hotspot ALK mutation profiling. The differential impact of ALK mutation site on clinical characteristics, response to treatment, and survival was analyzed. In a subgroup of patients with locoregional neuroblastoma diagnosed after 2014, the impact of all ALK mutations was compared with wild-type ALK. RESULTS Of 641 patients with neuroblastoma with ALK status analyzed on at least one tumor sample, 103 (16%) had tumors harboring ALK mutations. Mutations existed across all ages (birth to 67.8 years), stages (30% locoregional and 70% metastatic), and risk groups (20%, 11%, and 69% with low-, intermediate-, and high-risk disease, respectively). Mutation sites included F1174 (51%), R1275 (29%), R1245 (10%), and others (10%). Mutation site was not prognostic for progression-free survival or overall survival in the entire cohort, high-risk subgroup, or locoregional subgroup. Locoregional tumors with any ALK mutation were generally invasive: L2 by International Neuroblastoma Research Group staging in 30/31 patients with a 2-year progression-free survival (59%, 95% CI, 37.4 to 80.5) that was inferior to historical controls. This observation was corroborated in the post-2014 subgroup in which gross total resection was less likely for ALK-mutated tumors. CONCLUSION Somatic ALK mutations are present across all stages and risk groups of neuroblastoma. No specific mutation carries differential prognostic significance. Locoregional neuroblastoma has an invasive phenotype when harboring somatic ALK mutations in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara O'Donohue
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Nitya Gulati
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Audrey Mauguen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Brian H Kushner
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Neerav Shukla
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Nancy Bouvier
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Stephen Roberts
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ellen Basu
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Nai-Kong Cheung
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Shakeel Modak
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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Unno K, Chalmers ZR, Pamarthy S, Vatapalli R, Rodriguez Y, Lysy B, Mok H, Sagar V, Han H, Yoo YA, Ku SY, Beltran H, Zhao Y, Abdulkadir SA. Activated ALK Cooperates with N-Myc via Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling to Induce Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer. Cancer Res 2021; 81:2157-2170. [PMID: 33637566 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is an aggressive subtype of prostate cancer with poor prognosis, and there is a critical need for novel therapeutic approaches. NEPC is associated with molecular perturbation of several pathways, including amplification of MYCN. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase involved in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma and other malignancies where it cooperates with N-Myc. We previously identified the first case of ALK F1174C-activating mutation in a patient with de novo NEPC who responded to the ALK inhibitor, alectinib. Here, we show that coactivation of ALK and N-Myc (ALK F1174C/N-Myc) is sufficient to transform mouse prostate basal stem cells into aggressive prostate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation in a tissue recombination model. A novel gene signature from the ALK F1174C/N-Myc tumors was associated with poor outcome in multiple human prostate cancer datasets. ALK F1174C and ALK F1174C/N-Myc tumors displayed activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Chemical and genetic ALK inhibition suppressed Wnt/β-catenin signaling and tumor growth in vitro in NEPC and neuroblastoma cells. ALK inhibition cooperated with Wnt inhibition to suppress NEPC and neuroblastoma proliferation in vitro and tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. These findings point to a role for ALK signaling in NEPC and the potential of cotargeting the ALK and Wnt/β-catenin pathways in ALK-driven tumors. Activated ALK and N-Myc are well known drivers in neuroblastoma development, suggesting potential similarities and opportunities to elucidate mechanisms and therapeutic targets in NEPC and vice versa. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings demonstrate that coactivation of ALK and N-Myc induces NEPC by stimulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which can be targeted therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Unno
- Department of Urology, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Zachary R Chalmers
- Department of Urology, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sahithi Pamarthy
- Department of Urology, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rajita Vatapalli
- Department of Urology, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yara Rodriguez
- Department of Urology, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Barbara Lysy
- Department of Urology, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hanlin Mok
- Department of Urology, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Vinay Sagar
- Department of Urology, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Huiying Han
- Department of Urology, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Young A Yoo
- Department of Urology, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sheng-Yu Ku
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Himisha Beltran
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Science and First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Sarki A Abdulkadir
- Department of Urology, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. .,Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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40
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Borenäs M, Umapathy G, Lai W, Lind DE, Witek B, Guan J, Mendoza‐Garcia P, Masudi T, Claeys A, Chuang T, El Wakil A, Arefin B, Fransson S, Koster J, Johansson M, Gaarder J, Van den Eynden J, Hallberg B, Palmer RH. ALK ligand ALKAL2 potentiates MYCN-driven neuroblastoma in the absence of ALK mutation. EMBO J 2021; 40:e105784. [PMID: 33411331 PMCID: PMC7849294 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020105784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk neuroblastoma (NB) is responsible for a disproportionate number of childhood deaths due to cancer. One indicator of high-risk NB is amplification of the neural MYC (MYCN) oncogene, which is currently therapeutically intractable. Identification of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) as an NB oncogene raised the possibility of using ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in treatment of patients with activating ALK mutations. 8-10% of primary NB patients are ALK-positive, a figure that increases in the relapsed population. ALK is activated by the ALKAL2 ligand located on chromosome 2p, along with ALK and MYCN, in the "2p-gain" region associated with NB. Dysregulation of ALK ligand in NB has not been addressed, although one of the first oncogenes described was v-sis that shares > 90% homology with PDGF. Therefore, we tested whether ALKAL2 ligand could potentiate NB progression in the absence of ALK mutation. We show that ALKAL2 overexpression in mice drives ALK TKI-sensitive NB in the absence of ALK mutation, suggesting that additional NB patients, such as those exhibiting 2p-gain, may benefit from ALK TKI-based therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Borenäs
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell BiologyInstitute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Ganesh Umapathy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell BiologyInstitute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Wei‐Yun Lai
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell BiologyInstitute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Dan E Lind
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell BiologyInstitute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Barbara Witek
- Department of Molecular BiologyUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Jikui Guan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell BiologyInstitute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Patricia Mendoza‐Garcia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell BiologyInstitute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Tafheem Masudi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell BiologyInstitute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Arne Claeys
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Anatomy and Embryology UnitGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Tzu‐Po Chuang
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell BiologyInstitute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Abeer El Wakil
- Department of Molecular BiologyUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
- Present address:
Department of Biological SciencesAlexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt
| | - Badrul Arefin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell BiologyInstitute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Susanne Fransson
- Laboratory MedicineInstitute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Jan Koster
- Department of OncogenomicsAcademic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Mathias Johansson
- Clinical GenomicsScience for life laboratoryUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Jennie Gaarder
- Laboratory MedicineInstitute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Jimmy Van den Eynden
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Anatomy and Embryology UnitGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Bengt Hallberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell BiologyInstitute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Ruth H Palmer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell BiologyInstitute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
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41
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Redl E, Sheibani-Tezerji R, Cardona CDJ, Hamminger P, Timelthaler G, Hassler MR, Zrimšek M, Lagger S, Dillinger T, Hofbauer L, Draganić K, Tiefenbacher A, Kothmayer M, Dietz CH, Ramsahoye BH, Kenner L, Bock C, Seiser C, Ellmeier W, Schweikert G, Egger G. Requirement of DNMT1 to orchestrate epigenomic reprogramming for NPM-ALK-driven lymphomagenesis. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:e202000794. [PMID: 33310759 PMCID: PMC7768196 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant transformation depends on genetic and epigenetic events that result in a burst of deregulated gene expression and chromatin changes. To dissect the sequence of events in this process, we used a T-cell-specific lymphoma model based on the human oncogenic nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (NPM-ALK) translocation. We find that transformation of T cells shifts thymic cell populations to an undifferentiated immunophenotype, which occurs only after a period of latency, accompanied by induction of the MYC-NOTCH1 axis and deregulation of key epigenetic enzymes. We discover aberrant DNA methylation patterns, overlapping with regulatory regions, plus a high degree of epigenetic heterogeneity between individual tumors. In addition, ALK-positive tumors show a loss of associated methylation patterns of neighboring CpG sites. Notably, deletion of the maintenance DNA methyltransferase DNMT1 completely abrogates lymphomagenesis in this model, despite oncogenic signaling through NPM-ALK, suggesting that faithful maintenance of tumor-specific methylation through DNMT1 is essential for sustained proliferation and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Redl
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Patricia Hamminger
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerald Timelthaler
- Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Melanie Rosalia Hassler
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maša Zrimšek
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Lagger
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Dillinger
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics (LBI AD), Vienna, Austria
| | - Lorena Hofbauer
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristina Draganić
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Tiefenbacher
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics (LBI AD), Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Kothmayer
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Charles H Dietz
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernard H Ramsahoye
- Centre for Genetic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genomic and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lukas Kenner
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Applied Metabolomics (CDL-AM), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed), CoreLab 2, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Bock
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Seiser
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wilfried Ellmeier
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriele Schweikert
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Tübingen, Germany
- Division of Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Gerda Egger
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics (LBI AD), Vienna, Austria
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42
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Sawaisorn P, Atjanasuppat K, Anurathapan U, Chutipongtanate S, Hongeng S. Strategies to Improve Chimeric Antigen Receptor Therapies for Neuroblastoma. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8040753. [PMID: 33322408 PMCID: PMC7768386 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8040753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are among the curative immunotherapeutic approaches that exploit the antigen specificity and cytotoxicity function of potent immune cells against cancers. Neuroblastomas, the most common extracranial pediatric solid tumors with diverse characteristics, could be a promising candidate for using CAR therapies. Several methods harness CAR-modified cells in neuroblastoma to increase therapeutic efficiency, although the assessment has been less successful. Regarding the improvement of CARs, various trials have been launched to overcome insufficient capacity. However, the reasons behind the inadequate response against neuroblastoma of CAR-modified cells are still not well understood. It is essential to update the present state of comprehension of CARs to improve the efficiency of CAR therapies. This review summarizes the crucial features of CARs and their design for neuroblastoma, discusses challenges that impact the outcomes of the immunotherapeutic competence, and focuses on devising strategies currently being investigated to improve the efficacy of CARs for neuroblastoma immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piamsiri Sawaisorn
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (P.S.); (K.A.); (U.A.)
| | - Korakot Atjanasuppat
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (P.S.); (K.A.); (U.A.)
| | - Usanarat Anurathapan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (P.S.); (K.A.); (U.A.)
| | - Somchai Chutipongtanate
- Pediatric Translational Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan 10540, Thailand
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (S.H.)
| | - Suradej Hongeng
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (P.S.); (K.A.); (U.A.)
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (S.H.)
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43
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Dornburg A, Wang Z, Wang J, Mo ES, López-Giráldez F, Townsend JP. Comparative Genomics within and across Bilaterians Illuminates the Evolutionary History of ALK and LTK Proto-Oncogene Origination and Diversification. Genome Biol Evol 2020; 13:5983394. [PMID: 33196781 PMCID: PMC7851593 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evaa228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Comparative genomic analyses have enormous potential for identifying key genes central to human health phenotypes, including those that promote cancers. In particular, the successful development of novel therapeutics using model species requires phylogenetic analyses to determine molecular homology. Accordingly, we investigate the evolutionary histories of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)—which can underlie tumorigenesis in neuroblastoma, nonsmall cell lung cancer, and anaplastic large-cell lymphoma—its close relative leukocyte tyrosine kinase (LTK) and their candidate ligands. Homology of ligands identified in model organisms to those functioning in humans remains unclear. Therefore, we searched for homologs of the human genes across metazoan genomes, finding that the candidate ligands Jeb and Hen-1 were restricted to nonvertebrate species. In contrast, the ligand augmentor (AUG) was only identified in vertebrates. We found two ALK-like and four AUG-like protein-coding genes in lamprey. Of these six genes, only one ALK-like and two AUG-like genes exhibited early embryonic expression that parallels model mammal systems. Two copies of AUG are present in nearly all jawed vertebrates. Our phylogenetic analysis strongly supports the presence of previously unrecognized functional convergences of ALK and LTK between actinopterygians and sarcopterygians—despite contemporaneous, highly conserved synteny of ALK and LTK. These findings provide critical guidance regarding the propriety of fish and mammal models with regard to model organism-based investigation of these medically important genes. In sum, our results provide the phylogenetic context necessary for effective investigations of the functional roles and biology of these critically important receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Dornburg
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina Charlotte
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven.,Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Junrui Wang
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven.,Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Elizabeth S Mo
- Yale Combined Program in the Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven
| | | | - Jeffrey P Townsend
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven.,Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut.,Program in Microbiology, Yale University, New Haven
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44
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Zafar A, Wang W, Liu G, Wang X, Xian W, McKeon F, Foster J, Zhou J, Zhang R. Molecular targeting therapies for neuroblastoma: Progress and challenges. Med Res Rev 2020; 41:961-1021. [PMID: 33155698 PMCID: PMC7906923 DOI: 10.1002/med.21750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to identify novel therapies for childhood cancers. Neuroblastoma is the most common pediatric solid tumor, and accounts for ~15% of childhood cancer‐related mortality. Neuroblastomas exhibit genetic, morphological and clinical heterogeneity, which limits the efficacy of existing treatment modalities. Gaining detailed knowledge of the molecular signatures and genetic variations involved in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma is necessary to develop safer and more effective treatments for this devastating disease. Recent studies with advanced high‐throughput “omics” techniques have revealed numerous genetic/genomic alterations and dysfunctional pathways that drive the onset, growth, progression, and resistance of neuroblastoma to therapy. A variety of molecular signatures are being evaluated to better understand the disease, with many of them being used as targets to develop new treatments for neuroblastoma patients. In this review, we have summarized the contemporary understanding of the molecular pathways and genetic aberrations, such as those in MYCN, BIRC5, PHOX2B, and LIN28B, involved in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma, and provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular targeted therapies under preclinical and clinical investigations, particularly those targeting ALK signaling, MDM2, PI3K/Akt/mTOR and RAS‐MAPK pathways, as well as epigenetic regulators. We also give insights on the use of combination therapies involving novel agents that target various pathways. Further, we discuss the future directions that would help identify novel targets and therapeutics and improve the currently available therapies, enhancing the treatment outcomes and survival of patients with neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Zafar
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.,Drug Discovery Institute, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chemical Biology Program, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Xinjie Wang
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wa Xian
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Stem Cell Center, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Frank McKeon
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Stem Cell Center, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jennifer Foster
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Section of Hematology-Oncology Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chemical Biology Program, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Ruiwen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.,Drug Discovery Institute, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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45
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Sonbarse PP, Kiran K, Sharma P, Parvatam G. Biochemical and molecular insights of PGPR application for the augmentation of carotenoids, tocopherols, and folate in the foliage of Moringa oleifera. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 179:112506. [PMID: 32920264 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) were utilized to contemplate their impact on the foliage of Moringa oleifera and examined for changes in tocopherols, chlorophyll, carotenoids, and folate in the sixth week. Among the eight treatments, Bacillus subtilis GB03, B. pumilus SE34, B. pumilus T4, and Pseudomonas fluorescens UOM14 improved α-tocopherol (10-14 fold) and β-carotene (1-1.40 fold) altogether significantly (P ≤ 0.05). The most significant improvement in folate content was apparent for B. subtilis IN937B (5.47 fold) trailed by B. pumilus SE34 (5.05 fold) and B. pumilus T4 (5.12 fold) treatments. P. fluorescens UOM14 indicated remarkable improvement in Chl a (0.39 fold) and Chl b (0.44 fold) content. Organisms showing a significant increase for the analyzed molecules in individual treatment were blended in different combinations and were used for the next set of treatments. Of all the three combinations, Combination 2 (COM2-B. pumilus SE34 + B. pumilus T4 + B. pumilus INR7) showed the maximum increase in α-tocopherol (8.46 fold) and γ-tocopherol (8.45 fold), followed by Combination 3 (COM3-B. pumilus SE34 + B. pumilus T4 + P. fluorescens UOM14) (5.93 and 3.65 fold). On the whole COM2 containing different strains of B. pumilus was found to enhance the targeted metabolites in foliage significantly. Real-time PCR studies were conducted for the biochemical pathway genes of the targeted molecules, including, γ-tocopherol methyltransferase (γ-TMT), phytoene synthase (PSY), phytoene desaturase (PDS), lycopene β cyclase (LBC) and dihydrofolate reductase thymidylate synthase (DHFR-TS). All the selected genes exhibited an up-regulation compared to control, similar to the biochemical output. Our investigation provides the strong evidence that PGPR can be viably utilized in combination to enhance the quality of the food crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka P Sonbarse
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India; Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, CSIR- Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020, India
| | - Kamireddy Kiran
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India; Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, CSIR- Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020, India
| | - Preksha Sharma
- Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, CSIR- Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020, India
| | - Giridhar Parvatam
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India; Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, CSIR- Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020, India.
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46
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Shimada H, Sano H, Hazard FK. Pathology of Peripheral Neuroblastic Tumors. CLINICAL PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY-ONCOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.15264/cpho.2020.27.2.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Pathology and Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hideki Sano
- Department of Pathology Oncology, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Florette K. Hazard
- Department of Pathology and Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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47
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Brady SW, Liu Y, Ma X, Gout AM, Hagiwara K, Zhou X, Wang J, Macias M, Chen X, Easton J, Mulder HL, Rusch M, Wang L, Nakitandwe J, Lei S, Davis EM, Naranjo A, Cheng C, Maris JM, Downing JR, Cheung NKV, Hogarty MD, Dyer MA, Zhang J. Pan-neuroblastoma analysis reveals age- and signature-associated driver alterations. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5183. [PMID: 33056981 PMCID: PMC7560655 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18987-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a pediatric malignancy with heterogeneous clinical outcomes. To better understand neuroblastoma pathogenesis, here we analyze whole-genome, whole-exome and/or transcriptome data from 702 neuroblastoma samples. Forty percent of samples harbor at least one recurrent driver gene alteration and most aberrations, including MYCN, ATRX, and TERT alterations, differ in frequency by age. MYCN alterations occur at median 2.3 years of age, TERT at 3.8 years, and ATRX at 5.6 years. COSMIC mutational signature 18, previously associated with reactive oxygen species, is the most common cause of driver point mutations in neuroblastoma, including most ALK and Ras-activating variants. Signature 18 appears early and is continuous throughout disease evolution. Signature 18 is enriched in neuroblastomas with MYCN amplification, 17q gain, and increased expression of mitochondrial ribosome and electron transport-associated genes. Recurrent FGFR1 variants in six patients, and ALK N-terminal structural alterations in five samples, identify additional patients potentially amenable to precision therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel W Brady
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Yanling Liu
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Xiaotu Ma
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Alexander M Gout
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kohei Hagiwara
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Michael Macias
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - John Easton
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Heather L Mulder
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Michael Rusch
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Joy Nakitandwe
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Shaohua Lei
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Eric M Davis
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Arlene Naranjo
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Children's Oncology Group Statistics & Data Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - John M Maris
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James R Downing
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Nai-Kong V Cheung
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael D Hogarty
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Michael A Dyer
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
| | - Jinghui Zhang
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
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48
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Peitz C, Sprüssel A, Linke RB, Astrahantseff K, Grimaldi M, Schmelz K, Toedling J, Schulte JH, Fischer M, Messerschmidt C, Beule D, Keilholz U, Eggert A, Deubzer HE, Lodrini M. Multiplexed Quantification of Four Neuroblastoma DNA Targets in a Single Droplet Digital PCR Reaction. J Mol Diagn 2020; 22:1309-1323. [PMID: 32858250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The detection and characterization of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in peripheral blood from neuroblastoma patients may serve as a minimally invasive approach to liquid biopsy. Major challenges in the analysis of cfDNA purified from blood samples are small sample volumes and low cfDNA concentrations. Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) is a technology suitable for analyzing low levels of cfDNA. Reported here are two quadruplexed ddPCR assay protocols that reliably quantify MYCN and ALK copy numbers in a single reaction together with the two reference genes, NAGK and AFF3, and accurately estimate ALKF1174L (exon 23 position 3522, C>A) and ALKR1275Q (exon 25 position 3824, G>A) mutant allele fractions using cfDNA as input. The separation of positive and negative droplets was optimized for detecting two targets in each ddPCR fluorescence channel by the adjustment of the probe and primer concentrations of each target molecule. The quadruplexed assays were validated using a panel of 10 neuroblastoma cell lines and paired blood plasma and primary neuroblastoma samples from nine patients. Accuracy and sensitivity thresholds in quadruplexed assays corresponded well with those from the respective duplexed assays. Presented are two robust quadruplexed ddPCR protocols applicable in the routine clinical setting and that require only minimal plasma volumes for the assessment of MYCN and ALK oncogene status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin Peitz
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Neuroblastoma Research Group, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Sprüssel
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Neuroblastoma Research Group, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rasmus B Linke
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Neuroblastoma Research Group, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kathy Astrahantseff
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maddalena Grimaldi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Neuroblastoma Research Group, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karin Schmelz
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Consortium, partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joern Toedling
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes H Schulte
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Consortium, partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Fischer
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Clemens Messerschmidt
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Computer Science, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dieter Beule
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Angelika Eggert
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Consortium, partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hedwig E Deubzer
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Neuroblastoma Research Group, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Consortium, partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Marco Lodrini
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Neuroblastoma Research Group, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
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Calvani M, Subbiani A, Bruno G, Favre C. Beta-Blockers and Berberine: A Possible Dual Approach to Contrast Neuroblastoma Growth and Progression. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:7534693. [PMID: 32855766 PMCID: PMC7443044 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7534693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of nutraceuticals during cancer treatment is a long-lasting debate. Berberine (BBR) is an isoquinoline quaternary alkaloid extracted from a variety of medicinal plants. BBR has been shown to have therapeutic effects in different pathologies, particularly in cancer, where it affects pathways involved in tumor progression. In neuroblastoma, the most common extracranial childhood solid tumor, BBR, reduces tumor growth by regulating both stemness and differentiation features and by inducing apoptosis. At the same time, the inhibition of β-adrenergic signaling leads to a reduction in growth and increase of differentiation of neuroblastoma. In this review, we summarize the possible beneficial effects of BBR in counteracting tumor growth and progression in various types of cancer and, in particular, in neuroblastoma. However, BBR administration, besides its numerous beneficial effects, presents a few side effects due to inhibition of MAO A enzyme in neuroblastoma cells. Therefore, herein, we proposed a novel therapeutic strategy to overcome side effects of BBR administration consisting of concomitant administration of BBR together with β-blockers in neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Calvani
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, A. Meyer University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Angela Subbiani
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, A. Meyer University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gennaro Bruno
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, A. Meyer University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudio Favre
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, A. Meyer University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
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Wang J, Yao W, Li K. Applications and prospects of targeted therapy for neuroblastoma. WORLD JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY 2020; 3:e000164. [DOI: 10.1136/wjps-2020-000164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundNeuroblastoma is an extremely malignant tumor in children. For advanced or recurrent cases, existing treatment modalities are limited and efficacy remains disappointing. With the improvement in understanding of molecular biology of neuroblastoma and the development of clinical trials of targeted drug therapy, a variety of targeted therapies for neuroblastoma have appeared.Data sourcesAll the recent literatures on targeted therapies of neuroblastoma on PubMed were searched and reviewed.ResultsThis article reviewed targeted therapies of neuroblastoma going through clinical trials and obtained preliminary results. The features, advantages and disadvantages of targeted radiation therapy,immunotherapy, gene and pathway molecular inhibitor and angiogenesis inhibitor were discussed.ConclusionThis study provides references for better understanding the current progress of targeted therapies for neuroblastoma.
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