1
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Mahan VL. Heme oxygenase/carbon monoxide system and development of the heart. Med Gas Res 2024:01612956-990000000-00039. [PMID: 39324891 DOI: 10.4103/mgr.medgasres-d-24-00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Progressive differentiation controlled by intercellular signaling between pharyngeal mesoderm, foregut endoderm, and neural crest-derived mesenchyme is required for normal embryonic and fetal development. Gasotransmitters (criteria: 1) a small gas molecule; 2) freely permeable across membranes; 3) endogenously and enzymatically produced and its production regulated; 4) well-defined and specific functions at physiologically relevant concentrations; 5) functions can be mimicked by exogenously applied counterpart; and 6) cellular effects may or may not be second messenger-mediated, but should have specific cellular and molecular targets) are integral to gametogenesis and subsequent embryogenesis, fetal development, and normal heart maturation. Important for in utero development, the heme oxygenase/carbon monoxide system is expressed during gametogenesis, by the placenta, during embryonic development, and by the fetus. Complex sequences of biochemical pathways result in the progressive maturation of the human heart in utero. The resulting myocardial architecture, consisting of working myocardium, coronary arteries and veins, epicardium, valves and cardiac skeleton, endocardial lining, and cardiac conduction system, determines function. Oxygen metabolism in normal and maldeveloping hearts, which develop under reduced and fluctuating oxygen concentrations, is poorly understood. "Normal" hypoxia is critical for heart formation, but "abnormal" hypoxia in utero affects cardiogenesis. The heme oxygenase/carbon monoxide system is important for in utero cardiac development, and other factors also result in alterations of the heme oxygenase/carbon monoxide system during in utero cardiac development. This review will address the role of the heme oxygenase/carbon monoxide system during cardiac development in embryo and fetal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicki L Mahan
- Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi
- Drexel University Medical School, Phildelphia, PA, USA
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2
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Liu Z, Zheng J, Li H, Fang K, Wang S, He J, Zhou D, Weng S, Chi M, Gu Z, He J, Li F, Wang M. Genome assembly of redclaw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) provides insights into its immune adaptation and hypoxia tolerance. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:746. [PMID: 39080519 PMCID: PMC11290268 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10673-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The introduction of non-native species is a primary driver of biodiversity loss in freshwater ecosystems. The redclaw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) is a freshwater species that exhibits tolerance to hypoxic stresses, fluctuating temperatures, high ammonia concentration. These hardy physiological characteristics make C. quadricarinatus a popular aquaculture species and a potential invasive species that can negatively impact tropical and subtropical ecosystems. Investigating the genomic basis of environmental tolerances and immune adaptation in C. quadricarinatus will facilitate the development of management strategies of this potential invasive species. RESULTS We constructed a chromosome-level genome of C. quadricarinatus by integrating Nanopore and PacBio techniques. Comparative genomic analysis suggested that transposable elements and tandem repeats drove genome size evolution in decapod crustaceans. The expansion of nine immune-related gene families contributed to the disease resistance of C. quadricarinatus. Three hypoxia-related genes (KDM3A, KDM5A, HMOX2) were identified as being subjected to positive selection in C. quadricarinatus. Additionally, in vivo analysis revealed that upregulating KDM5A was crucial for hypoxic response in C. quadricarinatus. Knockdown of KDM5A impaired hypoxia tolerance in this species. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide the genomic basis for hypoxic tolerance and immune adaptation in C. quadricarinatus, facilitating the management of this potential invasive species. Additionally, in vivo analysis in C. quadricarinatus suggests that the role of KDM5A in the hypoxic response of animals is complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Jianbo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, 313001, China
| | - Haoyang Li
- China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory On Mariculture Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Ke Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory On Mariculture Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jian He
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Dandan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Shaoping Weng
- China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory On Mariculture Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Meili Chi
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, 313001, China
| | - Zhimin Gu
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, 313001, China
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Jianguo He
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, China.
- China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory On Mariculture Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China.
| | - Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, 313001, China.
| | - Muhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, China.
- China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory On Mariculture Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China.
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3
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Turingan MJ, Li T, Wright J, Sharma A, Ding K, Khan S, Lee B, Grewal SS. Hypoxia delays steroid-induced developmental maturation in Drosophila by suppressing EGF signaling. PLoS Genet 2024; 20:e1011232. [PMID: 38669270 PMCID: PMC11098494 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Animals often grow and develop in unpredictable environments where factors like food availability, temperature, and oxygen levels can fluctuate dramatically. To ensure proper sexual maturation into adulthood, juvenile animals need to adapt their growth and developmental rates to these fluctuating environmental conditions. Failure to do so can result in impaired maturation and incorrect body size. Here we describe a mechanism by which Drosophila larvae adapt their development in low oxygen (hypoxia). During normal development, larvae grow and increase in mass until they reach critical weight (CW), after which point a neuroendocrine circuit triggers the production of the steroid hormone ecdysone from the prothoracic gland (PG), which promotes maturation to the pupal stage. However, when raised in hypoxia (5% oxygen), larvae slow their growth and delay their maturation to the pupal stage. We find that, although hypoxia delays the attainment of CW, the maturation delay occurs mainly because of hypoxia acting late in development to suppress ecdysone production. This suppression operates through a distinct mechanism from nutrient deprivation, occurs independently of HIF-1 alpha and does not involve dilp8 or modulation of Ptth, the main neuropeptide that initiates ecdysone production in the PG. Instead, we find that hypoxia lowers the expression of the EGF ligand, spitz, and that the delay in maturation occurs due to reduced EGFR/ERK signaling in the PG. Our study sheds light on how animals can adjust their development rate in response to changing oxygen levels in their environment. Given that hypoxia is a feature of both normal physiology and many diseases, our findings have important implications for understanding how low oxygen levels may impact animal development in both normal and pathological situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Turingan
- Clark H Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Calgary, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tan Li
- Clark H Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Calgary, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jenna Wright
- Clark H Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Calgary, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Abhishek Sharma
- Clark H Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Calgary, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kate Ding
- Clark H Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Calgary, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shahoon Khan
- Clark H Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Calgary, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Byoungchun Lee
- Clark H Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Calgary, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Savraj S. Grewal
- Clark H Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Calgary, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Sone K, Sakamaki Y, Hirose S, Inagaki M, Tachikawa M, Yoshino D, Funamoto K. Hypoxia suppresses glucose-induced increases in collective cell migration in vascular endothelial cell monolayers. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5164. [PMID: 38431674 PMCID: PMC10908842 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55706-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Blood glucose levels fluctuate during daily life, and the oxygen concentration is low compared to the atmosphere. Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) maintain vascular homeostasis by sensing changes in glucose and oxygen concentrations, resulting in collective migration. However, the behaviors of ECs in response to high-glucose and hypoxic environments and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the collective migration of ECs simultaneously stimulated by changes in glucose and oxygen concentrations. Cell migration in EC monolayer formed inside the media channels of microfluidic devices was observed while varying the glucose and oxygen concentrations. The cell migration increased with increasing glucose concentration under normoxic condition but decreased under hypoxic condition, even in the presence of high glucose levels. In addition, inhibition of mitochondrial function reduced the cell migration regardless of glucose and oxygen concentrations. Thus, oxygen had a greater impact on cell migration than glucose, and aerobic energy production in mitochondria plays an important mechanistic role. These results provide new insights regarding vascular homeostasis relative to glucose and oxygen concentration changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Sone
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-12 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
- Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yuka Sakamaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Satomi Hirose
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-12 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
- Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Mai Inagaki
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Masanori Tachikawa
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yoshino
- Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Kenichi Funamoto
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-12 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan.
- Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan.
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-1 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8597, Japan.
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5
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Olichwier A, Sowka A, Balatskyi VV, Gan AM, Dziewulska A, Dobrzyn P. SCD1-related epigenetic modifications affect hormone-sensitive lipase (Lipe) gene expression in cardiomyocytes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119608. [PMID: 37852324 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is an enzyme that is involved in the regulation of lipolysis in the heart. SCD1 also affects epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA and histone modifications, in various tissues. Both epigenetic modifications and changes in lipid metabolism are involved in the heart's response to hypoxia. The present study tested the hypothesis that SCD1 and epigenetic modifications interact to control lipolysis in cardiomyocytes under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. We found that the inhibition of SCD1 activity and loss of SCD1 expression reduced global DNA methylation levels, DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) activity, and DNMT1 expression in HL-1 cardiomyocytes and the mouse heart. We also found that the inhibition of adipose triglyceride lipase is involved in the control of global DNA methylation levels in cardiomyocytes in an SCD1-independent manner. Additionally, SCD1 inhibition reduced expression of the hormone-sensitive lipase (Lipe) gene through an increase in methylation of the Lipe gene promoter. Under hypoxic conditions, SCD1 inhibition abolished hypoxia-inducible transcription factor 1α, likely through decreases in histone deacetylase, protein kinase A, and abhydrolase domain containing 5 protein levels, leading to the attenuation of DNA hypomethylation by DNMT1. Hypoxia led to demethylation of the Lipe promoter in cardiomyocytes with SCD1 inhibition, which increased Lipe expression. These results indicate that SCD1 is involved in the control of epigenetic mechanisms in the heart and may affect Lipe expression through changes in methylation in its promoter region. Therefore, SCD1 may be considered a key player in the epigenetic response to normoxia and hypoxia in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Olichwier
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adrian Sowka
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Volodymyr V Balatskyi
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ana-Maria Gan
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Dziewulska
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel Dobrzyn
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
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6
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Boothby M, Cho SH. Hypoxia and the Hypoxia-Inducible Factors in Lymphocyte Differentiation and Function. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1459:115-141. [PMID: 39017842 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62731-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Molecular oxygen doubles as a biomolecular building block and an element required for energy generation and metabolism in aerobic organisms. A variety of systems in mammalian cells sense the concentration of oxygen to which they are exposed and are tuned to the range present in our blood and tissues. The ability to respond to insufficient O2 in tissues is central to regulation of erythroid lineage cells, but challenges also are posed for immune cells by a need to adjust to very different oxygen concentrations. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) provide a major means of making such adjustments. For adaptive immunity, lymphoid lineages are initially defined in bone marrow niches; T lineage cells arise in the thymus, and B cells complete maturation in the spleen. Lymphocytes move from these first stops into microenvironments (bloodstream, lymphatics, and tissues) with distinct oxygenation in each. Herein, evidence pertaining to functions of the HIF transcription factors (TFs) in lymphocyte differentiation and function is reviewed. For the CD4+ and CD8+ subsets of T cells, the case is very strong that hypoxia and HIFs regulate important differentiation events and functions after the naïve lymphocytes emerge from the thymus. In the B lineage, the data indicate that HIF1 contributes to a balanced regulation of B-cell fates after antigen (Ag) activation during immunity. A model synthesized from the aggregate literature is that HIF in lymphocytes generally serves to modulate function in a manner dependent on the molecular context framed by other TFs and signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Boothby
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology, Immunology (Molecular Pathogenesis Division), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Medicine (Rheumatology and Immunology Division), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Inflammation, Immunity (VI4), Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Sung Hoon Cho
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology, Immunology (Molecular Pathogenesis Division), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Inflammation, Immunity (VI4), Nashville, TN, USA
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7
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Li Y, Song D, Yu Z, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Yan T. Effect and mechanism of hypoxia on differentiation of porcine-induced pluripotent stem cells into vascular endothelial cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024; 60:9-22. [PMID: 38148354 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-023-00833-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Pigs are similar to humans in organ size and physiological function, and are considered as good models for studying cardiovascular diseases. The study of porcine-induced pluripotent stem cells (piPSC) differentiating into vascular endothelial cells (EC) is expected to open up a new way of obtaining high-quality seed cells. Given that the hypoxic environment has an important role in the differentiation process of vascular EC, this work intends to establish a hypoxia-induced differentiation system of piPSC into vascular EC. There is evidence that the hypoxia microenvironment in the initial stage could significantly improve differentiation efficiency. Further study suggests that the hypoxia culture system supports a combined effect of hypoxia inducible factors and their associated regulatory molecules, such as HIF-1α, VEGFA, FGF2, LDH-A, and PDK1, which can efficiently promote the lineage-specific differentiation of piPSC into EC. Most notably, the high level of ETV2 after 4 d of hypoxic treatment indicates that it possibly plays an important role in the promoting process of EC differentiation. The research is expected to help the establishment of new platforms for piPSC directional induction research, so as to obtain adequate seed cells with ideal phenotype and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Danyang Song
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zhuoran Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Tingsheng Yan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China.
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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8
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Li Q, Qin K, Tian Y, Chen B, Zhao G, Xu S, Wu L. Inhibition of demethylase by IOX1 modulates chromatin accessibility to enhance NSCLC radiation sensitivity through attenuated PIF1. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:817. [PMID: 38086789 PMCID: PMC10716120 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06346-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Chromatin accessibility is a critical determinant of gene transcriptional expression and regulated by histones modification. However, the potential for manipulating chromatin accessibility to regulate radiation sensitivity remains unclear. Our findings demonstrated that the histone demethylase inhibitor, 5-carboxy-8-hydroxyquinoline (IOX1), could enhance the radiosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, IOX1 treatment reduced chromatin accessibility in the promoter region of DNA damage repair genes, leading to decreased DNA repair efficiency and elevated DNA damage induced by γ irradiation. Notably, IOX1 treatment significantly reduced both chromatin accessibility and the transcription of phytochrome interacting factor 1 (PIF1), a key player in telomere maintenance. Inhibition of PIF1 delayed radiation-induced DNA and telomeric DNA damage repair, as well as increased radiosensitivity of NSCLC in vitro and in vivo. Further study indicated that the above process was regulated by a reduction of transcription factor myc-associated zinc finger protein (MAZ) binding to the distal intergenic region of the PIF1. Taken together, IOX1-mediated demethylase inactivation reduced chromatin accessibility, leading to elevated telomere damage which is partly due to PIF1 inhibition, thereby enhancing NSCLC radiosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China
| | - Kexin Qin
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, PR China
| | - Yushan Tian
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Biao Chen
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, PR China
| | - Guoping Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China
| | - Shengmin Xu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, PR China.
| | - Lijun Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China.
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, PR China.
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9
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Silva AFB, Morais ANP, Lima LF, Ferreira ACA, Silva RF, Sá NAR, Kumar S, Oliveira AC, Alves BG, Rodrigues APR, Gastal EL, Bordignon V, Figueiredo JR. Trimethylation profile of histones H3 lysine 4 and 9 in late preantral and early antral caprine follicles grown in vivo versus in vitro in the presence of anethole. Mol Reprod Dev 2023; 90:810-823. [PMID: 37671983 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the histones methylation profile (H3K4me3 and H3K9me3) in late preantral (PA) and early antral (EA) caprine follicles grown in vivo and in vitro, and the anethole effect during in vitro culture of PA follicles. Uncultured in vivo-grown follicles (PA, n = 64; EA, n = 73) were used as controls to assess the methylation profile and genes' expression related to apoptosis cascade (BAX, proapoptotic; BCL2, antiapoptotic), steroidogenesis (CYP17, CYP19A1), and demethylation (KDM1AX1, KDM1AX2, KDM3A). The isolated PA follicles (n = 174) were cultured in vitro for 6 days in α-MEM+ in either absence (control) or presence of anethole. After culture, EA follicles were evaluated for methylation, mRNA abundance, and morphometry. Follicle diameter increased after culture, regardless of treatment. The methylation profile and the mRNA abundance were similar between in vivo-grown PA and EA follicles. Anethole treatment led to higher H3K4me3 fluorescence intensity in EA follicles. The mRNA abundances of BAX, CYP17, and CYP19A1 were higher, and BCL2 and KDM3A were lower in in vitro-grown EA follicles than in vivo-grown follicles. In conclusion, in vitro follicle culture affected H3K4me3 fluorescence intensity, mRNA abundance of apoptotic genes, and steroidogenic and demethylase enzymes compared with in vivo-grown follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana F B Silva
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ana N P Morais
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Laritza F Lima
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Anna C A Ferreira
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Renato F Silva
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Naiza A R Sá
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Satish Kumar
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ariclécio C Oliveira
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Science, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Benner G Alves
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Bioscience, Federal University of Goiás, Jataí, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Ana P R Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Eduardo L Gastal
- Animal Science, School of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois, USA
| | - Vilceu Bordignon
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - José R Figueiredo
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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10
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Li L, Shen S, Bickler P, Jacobson MP, Wu LF, Altschuler SJ. Searching for molecular hypoxia sensors among oxygen-dependent enzymes. eLife 2023; 12:e87705. [PMID: 37494095 PMCID: PMC10371230 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to sense and respond to changes in cellular oxygen levels is critical for aerobic organisms and requires a molecular oxygen sensor. The prototypical sensor is the oxygen-dependent enzyme PHD: hypoxia inhibits its ability to hydroxylate the transcription factor HIF, causing HIF to accumulate and trigger the classic HIF-dependent hypoxia response. A small handful of other oxygen sensors are known, all of which are oxygen-dependent enzymes. However, hundreds of oxygen-dependent enzymes exist among aerobic organisms, raising the possibility that additional sensors remain to be discovered. This review summarizes known and potential hypoxia sensors among human O2-dependent enzymes and highlights their possible roles in hypoxia-related adaptation and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Susan Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Philip Bickler
- Hypoxia Research Laboratory, University of California San Francisco, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Center for Health Equity in Surgery and Anesthesia, University of California San Francisco, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Matthew P Jacobson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Lani F Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Steven J Altschuler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
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11
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Lv R, Liu X, Zhang Y, Dong N, Wang X, He Y, Yue H, Yin Q. Pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic approaches in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:218. [PMID: 37230968 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01496-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common breathing disorder in sleep in which the airways narrow or collapse during sleep, causing obstructive sleep apnea. The prevalence of OSAS continues to rise worldwide, particularly in middle-aged and elderly individuals. The mechanism of upper airway collapse is incompletely understood but is associated with several factors, including obesity, craniofacial changes, altered muscle function in the upper airway, pharyngeal neuropathy, and fluid shifts to the neck. The main characteristics of OSAS are recurrent pauses in respiration, which lead to intermittent hypoxia (IH) and hypercapnia, accompanied by blood oxygen desaturation and arousal during sleep, which sharply increases the risk of several diseases. This paper first briefly describes the epidemiology, incidence, and pathophysiological mechanisms of OSAS. Next, the alterations in relevant signaling pathways induced by IH are systematically reviewed and discussed. For example, IH can induce gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis, impair the intestinal barrier, and alter intestinal metabolites. These mechanisms ultimately lead to secondary oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, and sympathetic activation. We then summarize the effects of IH on disease pathogenesis, including cardiocerebrovascular disorders, neurological disorders, metabolic diseases, cancer, reproductive disorders, and COVID-19. Finally, different therapeutic strategies for OSAS caused by different causes are proposed. Multidisciplinary approaches and shared decision-making are necessary for the successful treatment of OSAS in the future, but more randomized controlled trials are needed for further evaluation to define what treatments are best for specific OSAS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjun Lv
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xueying Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, the 2nd Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Na Dong
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yao He
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hongmei Yue
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Qingqing Yin
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China.
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12
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Srivastava R, Singh R, Jauhari S, Lodhi N, Srivastava R. Histone Demethylase Modulation: Epigenetic Strategy to Combat Cancer Progression. EPIGENOMES 2023; 7:epigenomes7020010. [PMID: 37218871 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes7020010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications are heritable, reversible changes in histones or the DNA that control gene functions, being exogenous to the genomic sequence itself. Human diseases, particularly cancer, are frequently connected to epigenetic dysregulations. One of them is histone methylation, which is a dynamically reversible and synchronously regulated process that orchestrates the three-dimensional epigenome, nuclear processes of transcription, DNA repair, cell cycle, and epigenetic functions, by adding or removing methylation groups to histones. Over the past few years, reversible histone methylation has become recognized as a crucial regulatory mechanism for the epigenome. With the development of numerous medications that target epigenetic regulators, epigenome-targeted therapy has been used in the treatment of malignancies and has shown meaningful therapeutic potential in preclinical and clinical trials. The present review focuses on the recent advances in our knowledge on the role of histone demethylases in tumor development and modulation, in emphasizing molecular mechanisms that control cancer cell progression. Finally, we emphasize current developments in the advent of new molecular inhibitors that target histone demethylases to regulate cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Srivastava
- Department of Zoology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rubi Singh
- Department of Hematology, Bioreference Laboratories, Elmwood Park, NJ 07407, USA
| | - Shaurya Jauhari
- Division of Education, Training, and Assessment, Global Education Center, Infosys Limited, Mysuru 570027, Karnataka, India
| | - Niraj Lodhi
- Clinical Research (Research and Development Division) Mirna Analytics LLC, Harlem Bio-Space, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Rakesh Srivastava
- Molecular Biology and Microbiology, GenTox Research and Development, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
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13
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Zhang L, Chen Y, Li Z, Lin C, Zhang T, Wang G. Development of JmjC-domain-containing histone demethylase (KDM2-7) inhibitors for cancer therapy. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103519. [PMID: 36754142 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Histone methylation is the most common histone modification and a highly dynamic regulator of gene transcription. Methylation of lysine residues can alter the structure of chromatin, helping to regulate DNA-based nuclear activities. Lysine demethylases control and maintain epigenetic factors that affect chromatin structure and cell characteristics. A variety of diseases, including malignant tumors, are connected to their dysregulation. Advances in biochemistry and pathogenesis have prompted the discovery of small molecule inhibitors and tool compounds that disrupt lysine demethylation. In this review, we focus on JmjC-domain-containing histone lysine demethylases (KDM2-7), discussing their structures and biological roles, representative inhibitors, and therapeutic potential in cancer therapy, and aiming to provide unique insights into the development of JmjC-KDM inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhang
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China.
| | - Yao Chen
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Zhijia Li
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Congcong Lin
- The Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.
| | - Guan Wang
- The Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China.
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14
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Kumar A, Emdad L, Fisher PB, Das SK. Targeting epigenetic regulation for cancer therapy using small molecule inhibitors. Adv Cancer Res 2023; 158:73-161. [PMID: 36990539 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells display pervasive changes in DNA methylation, disrupted patterns of histone posttranslational modification, chromatin composition or organization and regulatory element activities that alter normal programs of gene expression. It is becoming increasingly clear that disturbances in the epigenome are hallmarks of cancer, which are targetable and represent attractive starting points for drug creation. Remarkable progress has been made in the past decades in discovering and developing epigenetic-based small molecule inhibitors. Recently, epigenetic-targeted agents in hematologic malignancies and solid tumors have been identified and these agents are either in current clinical trials or approved for treatment. However, epigenetic drug applications face many challenges, including low selectivity, poor bioavailability, instability and acquired drug resistance. New multidisciplinary approaches are being designed to overcome these limitations, e.g., applications of machine learning, drug repurposing, high throughput virtual screening technologies, to identify selective compounds with improved stability and better bioavailability. We provide an overview of the key proteins that mediate epigenetic regulation that encompass histone and DNA modifications and discuss effector proteins that affect the organization of chromatin structure and function as well as presently available inhibitors as potential drugs. Current anticancer small-molecule inhibitors targeting epigenetic modified enzymes that have been approved by therapeutic regulatory authorities across the world are highlighted. Many of these are in different stages of clinical evaluation. We also assess emerging strategies for combinatorial approaches of epigenetic drugs with immunotherapy, standard chemotherapy or other classes of agents and advances in the design of novel epigenetic therapies.
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15
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Epimutations and Their Effect on Chromatin Organization: Exciting Avenues for Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010215. [PMID: 36612210 PMCID: PMC9818548 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The three-dimensional architecture of genomes is complex. It is organized as fibers, loops, and domains that form high-order structures. By using different chromosome conformation techniques, the complex relationship between transcription and genome organization in the three-dimensional organization of genomes has been deciphered. Epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation and histone modification, are the hallmark of cancers. Tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis are linked to these epigenetic modifications. Epigenetic inhibitors can reverse these altered modifications. A number of epigenetic inhibitors have been approved by FDA that target DNA methylation and histone modification. This review discusses the techniques involved in studying the three-dimensional organization of genomes, DNA methylation and histone modification, epigenetic deregulation in cancer, and epigenetic therapies targeting the tumor.
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16
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Intermittent hypoxia enhances the expression of hypoxia inducible factor HIF1A through histone demethylation. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102536. [PMID: 36174675 PMCID: PMC9597902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular response to hypoxia is regulated through enzymatic oxygen sensors, including the prolyl hydroxylases, which control degradation of the well-known hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs). Other enzymatic oxygen sensors have been recently identified, including members of the KDM histone demethylase family. Little is known about how different oxygen-sensing pathways interact and if this varies depending on the form of hypoxia, such as chronic or intermittent. In this study, we investigated how two proposed cellular oxygen-sensing systems, HIF-1 and KDM4A, KDM4B, and KDM4C, respond in cells exposed to rapid forms of intermittent hypoxia (minutes) and compared to chronic hypoxia (hours). We found that intermittent hypoxia increases HIF-1α protein through a pathway distinct from chronic hypoxia, involving the KDM4A, KDM4B, and KDM4C histone lysine demethylases. Intermittent hypoxia increases the quantity and activity of KDM4A, KDM4B, and KDM4C, resulting in a decrease in histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9) trimethylation near the HIF1A locus. We demonstrate that this contrasts with chronic hypoxia, which decreases KDM4A, KDM4B, and KDM4C activity, leading to hypertrimethylation of H3K9 globally and at the HIF1A locus. Altogether, we found that demethylation of histones bound to the HIF1A gene in intermittent hypoxia increases HIF1A mRNA expression, which has the downstream effect of increasing overall HIF-1 activity and expression of HIF target genes. This study highlights how multiple oxygen-sensing pathways can interact to regulate and fine tune the cellular hypoxic response depending on the period and length of hypoxia.
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17
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F. V, V. D. P, C. M, M. LI, C. D, G. P, D. C, A. T, M. G, S. DF, M. T, V. V, G. S. Targeting epigenetic alterations in cancer stem cells. FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2022; 2:1011882. [PMID: 39086963 PMCID: PMC11285701 DOI: 10.3389/fmmed.2022.1011882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes are rarely mutated in several pediatric tumors and some early stage adult cancers. This suggests that an aberrant epigenetic reprogramming may crucially affect the tumorigenesis of these tumors. Compelling evidence support the hypothesis that cancer stem cells (CSCs), a cell subpopulation within the tumor bulk characterized by self-renewal capacity, metastatic potential and chemo-resistance, may derive from normal stem cells (NSCs) upon an epigenetic deregulation. Thus, a better understanding of the specific epigenetic alterations driving the transformation from NSCs into CSCs may help to identify efficacious treatments to target this aggressive subpopulation. Moreover, deepening the knowledge about these alterations may represent the framework to design novel therapeutic approaches also in the field of regenerative medicine in which bioengineering of NSCs has been evaluated. Here, we provide a broad overview about: 1) the role of aberrant epigenetic modifications contributing to CSC initiation, formation and maintenance, 2) the epigenetic inhibitors in clinical trial able to specifically target the CSC subpopulation, and 3) epigenetic drugs and stem cells used in regenerative medicine for cancer and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verona F.
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pantina V. D.
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Modica C.
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Lo Iacono M.
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - D’Accardo C.
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Porcelli G.
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Cricchio D.
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Turdo A.
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaggianesi M.
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Di Franco S.
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Todaro M.
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Veschi V.
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Stassi G.
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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18
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Abe K, Li J, Liu YY, Brent GA. Thyroid Hormone-mediated Histone Modification Protects Cortical Neurons From the Toxic Effects of Hypoxic Injury. J Endocr Soc 2022; 6:bvac139. [PMID: 36817622 PMCID: PMC9562813 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvac139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Thyroid hormone has been shown to have a protective role in neuronal injury, although the mechanisms have not been established. The cellular response to stress that promotes adaptation and survival has been shown to involve epigenetic modifications. Objective We hypothesized that the neuroprotective role of thyroid hormone was associated with epigenetic modifications of histone proteins. We used hypoxic neurons as a model system for hypoxia-induced brain injury. Methods Mouse primary cortical neurons were exposed to 0.2% oxygen for 7 hours, with or without, treatment with triiodothyronine (T3). We analyzed the expression of histone-modifying enzymes by RNA-seq and the post-translationally modified histone 3 proteins by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot. Results We found that methylation of H3K27, associated with inactive promoters, was highly induced in hypoxic neurons, and this histone methylation was reduced by T3 treatment. H3K4 methylation is the hallmark of active promoters. The expression of 3 (Set1db, Kmta2c, and Kmt2e) out of 6 H3K4 methyltransferases was downregulated by hypoxia and expression was restored by T3 treatment. H3K4me3 protein, measured by ELISA, was increased 76% in T3-treated hypoxic neurons compared with the levels without T3 treatment. H3K56ac plays a critical role in transcription initiation and was markedly increased in T3-treated hypoxic neurons compared with those without T3 treatment, indicating stimulation of gene transcription. Additionally, T3 treatment restored hypoxia-induced downregulation of histone acetyltransferase, Kat6a, Kat6b, and Crebbp, which function as transcription factors. Conclusion These findings indicate that T3 treatment mitigates hypoxia-induced histone modifications and protects neurons from hypoxia-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyomi Abe
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Departments of Medicine and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA,Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
| | - Jianrong Li
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Departments of Medicine and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA,Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
| | - Yan Yun Liu
- Correspondence: Yan-Yun Liu, PhD, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Departments of Medicine and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA. ; or Gregory A. Brent, MD, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Departments of Medicine and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, and Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA.
| | - Gregory A Brent
- Correspondence: Yan-Yun Liu, PhD, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Departments of Medicine and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA. ; or Gregory A. Brent, MD, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Departments of Medicine and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, and Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA.
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Elhossaini H, Hamad M, Irhimeh MR, Nakhla S, Rajarathnam GP, Abbas A. Combined hypoxia hypercapnia delays apoptosis and maintains CD34 cell surface antigen. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kim J, Lee H, Yi SJ, Kim K. Gene regulation by histone-modifying enzymes under hypoxic conditions: a focus on histone methylation and acetylation. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:878-889. [PMID: 35869366 PMCID: PMC9355978 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00812-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen, which is necessary for sustaining energy metabolism, is consumed in many biochemical reactions in eukaryotes. When the oxygen supply is insufficient for maintaining multiple homeostatic states at the cellular level, cells are subjected to hypoxic stress. Hypoxia induces adaptive cellular responses mainly through hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), which are stabilized and modulate the transcription of various hypoxia-related genes. In addition, many epigenetic regulators, such as DNA methylation, histone modification, histone variants, and adenosine triphosphate-dependent chromatin remodeling factors, play key roles in gene expression. In particular, hypoxic stress influences the activity and gene expression of histone-modifying enzymes, which controls the posttranslational modification of HIFs and histones. This review covers how histone methylation and histone acetylation enzymes modify histone and nonhistone proteins under hypoxic conditions and surveys the impact of epigenetic modifications on gene expression. In addition, future directions in this area are discussed. New sequencing technologies are revealing how cells respond to hypoxia, insufficient oxygen, by managing gene activation. In multicellular organisms, gene activation is managed by how tightly a section of DNA is wound around proteins called histones; genes in tightly packed regions are inaccessible and inactive, whereas those in looser regions can be activated. Kyunghwan Kim, Sun-Ju Yi, and co-workers at Chungbuk National University in South Korea have reviewed recent data on how cells regulate gene activity under hypoxic conditions. Advances in sequencing technology have allowed genome-wide studies of how hypoxia affects DNA structure and gene activation, revealing that gene-specific modifications may be more important than genome-wide modifications. Hypoxia is implicated in several diseases, such as cancer and chronic metabolic diseases, and a better understanding of how it affects gene activation may help identify new treatments for hypoxia-related diseases.
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21
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Liu J, Li K, Xue P, Xu J. Cell-permeable fluorescent indicator for imaging formaldehyde activity in living systems. Anal Biochem 2022; 652:114749. [PMID: 35636460 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Formaldehyde (FA), as a reactive signaling molecule, plays an important role in living systems through a diverse array of cellular pathways. However, no systematic investigation for detection and imaging of FA by rendering cells transiently permeable has been reported yet. Specifically, we developed a new cell-permeable fluorescence probe functionality that was enhanced cellular entry efficiency and well retained intracellularly after activation for visualizing endogenous FA changes. Moreover, a smart "multi-lock system -key-and-lock" strategy,which have provoked a starting point for the use of probe and related biochemical tools to monitor FA in lysosomes. The versatile "latent" fluorophore that can undergo a subsequent self-immolative spacer for interrogating the roles and functions of FA in living systems as well as related biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hexi University, Zhangye City, 734000, Gansu Province, PR China.
| | - Kaipeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hexi University, Zhangye City, 734000, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Peng Xue
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hexi University, Zhangye City, 734000, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Jinyi Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hexi University, Zhangye City, 734000, Gansu Province, PR China
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22
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Thévenod F, Schreiber T, Lee WK. Renal hypoxia-HIF-PHD-EPO signaling in transition metal nephrotoxicity: friend or foe? Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:1573-1607. [PMID: 35445830 PMCID: PMC9095554 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03285-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The kidney is the main organ that senses changes in systemic oxygen tension, but it is also the key detoxification, transit and excretion site of transition metals (TMs). Pivotal to oxygen sensing are prolyl-hydroxylases (PHDs), which hydroxylate specific residues in hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), key transcription factors that orchestrate responses to hypoxia, such as induction of erythropoietin (EPO). The essential TM ion Fe is a key component and regulator of the hypoxia–PHD–HIF–EPO (HPHE) signaling axis, which governs erythropoiesis, angiogenesis, anaerobic metabolism, adaptation, survival and proliferation, and hence cell and body homeostasis. However, inadequate concentrations of essential TMs or entry of non-essential TMs in organisms cause toxicity and disrupt health. Non-essential TMs are toxic because they enter cells and displace essential TMs by ionic and molecular mimicry, e. g. in metalloproteins. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms of HPHE interactions with TMs (Fe, Co, Ni, Cd, Cr, and Pt) as well as their implications in renal physiology, pathophysiology and toxicology. Some TMs, such as Fe and Co, may activate renal HPHE signaling, which may be beneficial under some circumstances, for example, by mitigating renal injuries from other causes, but may also promote pathologies, such as renal cancer development and metastasis. Yet some other TMs appear to disrupt renal HPHE signaling, contributing to the complex picture of TM (nephro-)toxicity. Strikingly, despite a wealth of literature on the topic, current knowledge lacks a deeper molecular understanding of TM interaction with HPHE signaling, in particular in the kidney. This precludes rationale preventive and therapeutic approaches to TM nephrotoxicity, although recently activators of HPHE signaling have become available for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Thévenod
- Institute for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology, ZBAF, Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Strasse 12, 58453, Witten, Germany.
| | - Timm Schreiber
- Institute for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology, ZBAF, Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Strasse 12, 58453, Witten, Germany
| | - Wing-Kee Lee
- Physiology and Pathophysiology of Cells and Membranes, Medical School EWL, Bielefeld University, R.1 B2-13, Morgenbreede 1, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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Shobatake R, Ota H, Takahashi N, Ueno S, Sugie K, Takasawa S. Anorexigenic Effects of Intermittent Hypoxia on the Gut-Brain Axis in Sleep Apnea Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:364. [PMID: 35008784 PMCID: PMC8745445 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) is a breathing disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of upper-airway collapse, resulting in intermittent hypoxia (IH) during sleep. Experimental studies with animals and cellular models have indicated that IH leads to attenuation of glucose-induced insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells and to enhancement of insulin resistance in peripheral tissues and cells, such as the liver (hepatocytes), adipose tissue (adipocytes), and skeletal muscles (myocytes), both of which could lead to obesity. Although obesity is widely recognized as a major factor in SAS, it is controversial whether the development of SAS could contribute directly to obesity, and the effect of IH on the expression of appetite regulatory genes remains elusive. Appetite is regulated appropriately by both the hypothalamus and the gut as a gut-brain axis driven by differential neural and hormonal signals. In this review, we summarized the recent epidemiological findings on the relationship between SAS and feeding behavior and focused on the anorexigenic effects of IH on the gut-brain axis by the IH-induced up-regulation of proopiomelanocortin and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript in neuronal cells and the IH-induced up-regulation of peptide YY, glucagon-like peptide-1 and neurotensin in enteroendocrine cells and their molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryogo Shobatake
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan; (S.U.); (K.S.)
- Department of Neurology, Nara City Hospital, 1-50-1 Higashikidera-cho, Nara 630-8305, Japan;
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan;
| | - Hiroyo Ota
- Department Respiratory Medicine, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan;
| | - Nobuyuki Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Nara City Hospital, 1-50-1 Higashikidera-cho, Nara 630-8305, Japan;
| | - Satoshi Ueno
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan; (S.U.); (K.S.)
| | - Kazuma Sugie
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan; (S.U.); (K.S.)
| | - Shin Takasawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan;
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Chen YC, Hsu PY, Chin CH, Hsiao CC, Liou CW, Wang TY, Lin YY, Lee CP, Lin HC, Lin MC, Su MC. H3K23/H3K36 hypoacetylation and HDAC1 up-regulation are associated with adverse consequences in obstructive sleep apnea patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20697. [PMID: 34667186 PMCID: PMC8526826 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00052-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine the roles of global histone acetylation (Ac)/methylation (me), their modifying enzymes, and gene-specific histone enrichment in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Global histone modifications, and their modifying enzyme expressions were assessed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 56 patients with OSA and 16 matched subjects with primary snoring (PS). HIF-1α gene promoter-specific H3K36Ac enrichment was assessed in another cohort (28 OSA, 8 PS). Both global histone H3K23Ac and H3K36Ac expressions were decreased in OSA patients versus PS subjects. H3K23Ac expressions were further decreased in OSA patients with prevalent hypertension. HDAC1 expressions were higher in OSA patients, especially in those with excessive daytime sleepiness, and reduced after more than 6 months of continuous positive airway pressure treatment. H3K79me3 expression was increased in those with high C-reactive protein levels. Decreased KDM6B protein expressions were noted in those with a high hypoxic load, and associated with a higher risk for incident cardiovascular events or hypertension. HIF-1α gene promoter-specific H3K36Ac enrichment was decreased in OSA patients versus PS subjects. In vitro intermittent hypoxia with re-oxygenation stimuli resulted in HDAC1 over-expression and HIF-1α gene promoter-specific H3K36Ac under-expression, while HDAC1 inhibitor, SAHA, reversed oxidative stress through inhibiting NOX1. In conclusions, H3K23/H3K36 hypoacetylation is associated with the development of hypertension and disease severity in sleep-disordered breathing patients, probably through up-regulation of HDAC1, while H3K79 hypermethylation is associated with higher risk of cardiovascular diseases, probably through down-regulation of KDM6B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Che Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.,Sleep Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Hsu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Chin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.,Sleep Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Chun Hsiao
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taouyan, 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Wei Liou
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ya Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Yong Lin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Ping Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ching Lin
- Sleep Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chih Lin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. .,Sleep Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Mao-Chang Su
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. .,Sleep Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chia-yi, Taiwan.
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25
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Shao J, Shi T, Yu H, Ding Y, Li L, Wang X, Wang X. Cytosolic GDH1 degradation restricts protein synthesis to sustain tumor cell survival following amino acid deprivation. EMBO J 2021; 40:e107480. [PMID: 34269483 PMCID: PMC8521317 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020107480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The mTORC1 pathway plays key roles in regulating various biological processes, including sensing amino acid deprivation and driving expression of ribosomal protein (RP)-coding genes. In this study, we observed that depletion of glutamate dehydrogenase 1 (GDH1), an enzyme that converts glutamate to α-ketoglutarate (αKG), confers resistance to amino acid deprivation on kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) cells. Mechanistically, under conditions of adequate nutrition, GDH1 maintains RP gene expression in a manner dependent on its enzymatic activity. Following amino acid deprivation or mTORC1 inhibition, GDH1 translocates from mitochondria to the cytoplasm, where it becomes ubiquitinated and degraded via the E3 ligase RNF213. GDH1 degradation reduces intracellular αKG levels by more than half and decreases the activity of αKG-dependent lysine demethylases (KDMs). Reduced KDM activity in turn leads to increased histone H3 lysine 9 and 27 methylation, further suppressing RP gene expression and preserving nutrition to support cell survival. In summary, our study exemplifies an economical and efficient strategy of solid tumor cells for coping with amino acid deficiency, which might in the future be targeted to block renal carcinoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Shao
- Department of UrologyShanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Tiezhu Shi
- Department of UrologyShanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hua Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and TumorInstitute of Nutrition and Health SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- School of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yufeng Ding
- Department of UrologyShanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Liping Li
- School of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of UrologyShanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiongjun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and TumorInstitute of Nutrition and Health SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- School of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Long Non-Coding RNA Regulation of Epigenetics in Vascular Cells. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:ncrna7040062. [PMID: 34698214 PMCID: PMC8544676 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7040062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelium comprises the interface between the circulation and the vessel wall and, as such, is under the dynamic regulation of vascular signalling, nutrients, and hypoxia. Understanding the molecular drivers behind endothelial cell (EC) and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) function and dysfunction remains a pivotal task for further clinical progress in tackling vascular disease. A newly emerging era in vascular biology with landmark deep sequencing approaches has provided us with the means to profile diverse layers of transcriptional regulation at a single cell, chromatin, and epigenetic level. This review describes the roles of major vascular long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) in the epigenetic regulation of EC and VSMC function and discusses the recent progress in their discovery, detection, and functional characterisation. We summarise new findings regarding lncRNA-mediated epigenetic mechanisms—often regulated by hypoxia—within the vascular endothelium and smooth muscle to control vascular homeostasis in health and disease. Furthermore, we outline novel molecular techniques being used in the field to delineate the lncRNA subcellular localisation and interaction with proteins to unravel their biological roles in the epigenetic regulation of vascular genes.
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Nanduri J, Wang N, Wang BL, Prabhakar NR. Lysine demethylase KDM6B regulates HIF-1α-mediated systemic and cellular responses to intermittent hypoxia. Physiol Genomics 2021; 53:385-394. [PMID: 34297635 PMCID: PMC8887999 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00045.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermittent hypoxia (IH) is a hallmark manifestation of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Rodents treated with IH exhibit hypertension. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1-dependent transcriptional activation of NADPH oxidases (Nox) and the resulting increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels is a major molecular mechanism underlying IH/OSA-induced hypertension. Jumanji C (JmjC)-containing histone lysine demethylases (JmjC-KDMs) are coactivators of HIF-1-dependent transcriptional activation. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that JmjC-KDMs are required for IH-evoked HIF-1 transcriptional activation of Nox4 and the ensuing hypertension. Studies were performed on pheochromocytoma (PC)12 cells and rats. IH increased KDM6B protein and enzyme activity in PC12 cells in an HIF-1-independent manner as evidenced by unaltered KDM6B activation by IH in HIF-1α shRNA-treated cells. Cells treated with IH showed increased HIF-1-dependent Nox4 transcription as indicated by increased HIF-1α binding to hypoxia-responsive element (HRE) sequence of the Nox4 gene promoter demonstrated by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChiP) assay. Pharmacological blockade of KDM6B with GSKJ4, a specific KDM6 inhibitor, or genetic silencing of KDM6B with shRNA abolished IH-induced Nox4 transcriptional activation by blocking HIF-1α binding to the promoter of the Nox4 gene. Treating IH-exposed rats with GSKJ4 showed: 1) absence of KDM6B activation and HIF-1-dependent Nox4 transcription in the adrenal medullae, and 2) absence of elevated plasma catecholamines and hypertension. Collectively, these findings indicate that KDM6B functions as a coactivator of HIF-1-mediated Nox4 transactivation and demonstrates a hitherto uncharacterized role for KDMs in IH-induced hypertension by HIF-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayasri Nanduri
- Institute for Integrative Physiology and Center for Systems Biology of O2 Sensing, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute for Integrative Physiology and Center for Systems Biology of O2 Sensing, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Benjamin L. Wang
- Institute for Integrative Physiology and Center for Systems Biology of O2 Sensing, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Nanduri R. Prabhakar
- Institute for Integrative Physiology and Center for Systems Biology of O2 Sensing, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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28
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Punnia-Moorthy G, Hersey P, Emran AA, Tiffen J. Lysine Demethylases: Promising Drug Targets in Melanoma and Other Cancers. Front Genet 2021; 12:680633. [PMID: 34220955 PMCID: PMC8242339 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.680633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic dysregulation has been implicated in a variety of pathological processes including carcinogenesis. A major group of enzymes that influence epigenetic modifications are lysine demethylases (KDMs) also known as "erasers" which remove methyl groups on lysine (K) amino acids of histones. Numerous studies have implicated aberrant lysine demethylase activity in a variety of cancers, including melanoma. This review will focus on the structure, classification and functions of KDMs in normal biology and the current knowledge of how KDMs are deregulated in cancer pathogenesis, emphasizing our interest in melanoma. We highlight the current knowledge gaps of KDMs in melanoma pathobiology and describe opportunities to increases our understanding of their importance in this disease. We summarize the progress of several pre-clinical compounds that inhibit KDMs and represent promising candidates for further investigation in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaya Punnia-Moorthy
- Melanoma Oncology and Immunology Group, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Melanoma Epigenetics Laboratory, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Hersey
- Melanoma Oncology and Immunology Group, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Abdullah Al Emran
- Melanoma Oncology and Immunology Group, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessamy Tiffen
- Melanoma Oncology and Immunology Group, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Melanoma Epigenetics Laboratory, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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29
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Shen X, Li Y, Xu Y, Liu M, Zhang Q, Yin R, Zhou M, Lin S, Fan H. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α cooperates with histone Lys methylation to predict prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Biomark Med 2021; 15:509-522. [PMID: 33856264 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2020-0256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and histone methylation markers as potential indicators of prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Patients & methods: The prognostic value of HIF-1α and histone methylation markers levels was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Results: HIF-1α protein expression was higher in ESCC tumors than in paracancerous tissues. Histone H3 Lys9 trimethylation (H3K9me3), histone H3 Lys27 trimethylation (H3K27me3), histone H3 Lys4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) and histone H4 Lys20 trimethylation (H4K20me3) were significantly upregulated in ESCC tissues. HIF-1α was only positively correlated with H3K9me3 and H3K4me3 expression. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that H3K9me3, H3K27me3, H4K20me3 and histone H3 Lys36 trimethylation (H3K36me3) were independent indicators of prognosis for ESCC. Conclusion: This study identified a pattern of epigenetic methylation markers and HIF-1α expression in ESCC, and their combined evaluation might improve survival prediction for ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Shen
- Department of Medical Genetics & Developmental Biology, Medical School of Southeast University, The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes & Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yiping Li
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ying Xu
- School of Life Science, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Min Liu
- School of Life Science, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular & Translational Cancer Research, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Rong Yin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular & Translational Cancer Research, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Menghan Zhou
- School of Life Science, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Shaofeng Lin
- School of Life Science, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Hong Fan
- Department of Medical Genetics & Developmental Biology, Medical School of Southeast University, The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes & Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
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30
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Gene transcription and chromatin regulation in hypoxia. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 48:1121-1128. [PMID: 32369557 PMCID: PMC7329336 DOI: 10.1042/bst20191106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen sensing is an essential feature of metazoan biology and reductions in oxygen availability (hypoxia) have both physiological and pathophysiological implications. Co-ordinated mechanisms have evolved for sensing and responding to hypoxia, which involve diverse biological outputs, with the main aim of restoring oxygen homeostasis. This includes a dynamic gene transcriptional response, the central drivers of which are the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) family of transcription factors. HIFs are regulated in an oxygen-dependent manner and while their role in hypoxia is well established, it is apparent that other key players are required for gene expression control in hypoxia. In this review, we highlight the current understanding of the known and potential molecular mechanisms underpinning gene transcriptional responses to hypoxia in mammals, with a focus on oxygen-dependent effects on chromatin structure.
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Chopra A, Adhikary H, Willmore WG, Biggar KK. Insights into The Function and Regulation of Jumonji C Lysine Demethylases as Hypoxic Responsive Enzymes. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2021; 21:642-654. [PMID: 31889485 DOI: 10.2174/1389203721666191231104225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cellular responses to hypoxia (low oxygen) are governed by oxygen sensitive signaling pathways. Such pathways, in part, are controlled by enzymes with oxygen-dependent catalytic activity, of which the role of prolyl 4-hydroxylases has been widely reviewed. These enzymes inhibit hypoxic response by inducing the oxygen-dependent degradation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, the master regulator of the transcriptional hypoxic response. Jumonji C domain-containing lysine demethylases are similar enzymes which share the same oxygen-dependent catalytic mechanism as prolyl 4- hydroxylases. Traditionally, the role of lysine demethylases has been studied in relation to demethylation activity against histone substrates, however, within the past decade an increasing number of nonhistone protein targets have been revealed, some of which have a key role in survival in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. Within this review, we highlight the involvement of methyllysine in the hypoxic response with a focus on the HIF signaling pathway, the regulation of demethylase activity by oxygen, and provide insights into notable areas of future hypoxic demethylase research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Chopra
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Hemanta Adhikary
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - William G Willmore
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Kyle K Biggar
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
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Chung YJ, Swietach P, Curtis MK, Ball V, Robbins PA, Lakhal-Littleton S. Iron-Deficiency Anemia Results in Transcriptional and Metabolic Remodeling in the Heart Toward a Glycolytic Phenotype. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 7:616920. [PMID: 33553263 PMCID: PMC7859254 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.616920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency is the most prevalent micronutrient disorder globally. When severe, iron deficiency leads to anemia, which can be deleterious to cardiac function. Given the central role of iron and oxygen in cardiac biology, multiple pathways are expected to be altered in iron-deficiency anemia, and identifying these requires an unbiased approach. To investigate these changes, gene expression and metabolism were studied in mice weaned onto an iron-deficient diet for 6 weeks. Whole-exome transcriptomics (RNAseq) identified over 1,500 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 22% were upregulated and 78% were downregulated in the iron-deficient group, relative to control animals on an iron-adjusted diet. The major biological pathways affected were oxidative phosphorylation and pyruvate metabolism, as well as cardiac contraction and responses related to environmental stress. Cardiac metabolism was studied functionally using in vitro and in vivo methodologies. Spectrometric measurement of the activity of the four electron transport chain complexes in total cardiac lysates showed that the activities of Complexes I and IV were reduced in the hearts of iron-deficient animals. Pyruvate metabolism was assessed in vivo using hyperpolarized 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of hyperpolarized pyruvate. Hearts from iron-deficient and anemic animals showed significantly decreased flux through pyruvate dehydrogenase and increased lactic acid production, consistent with tissue hypoxia and induction of genes coding for glycolytic enzymes and H+-monocarboxylate transport-4. Our results show that iron-deficiency anemia results in a metabolic remodeling toward a glycolytic, lactic acid-producing phenotype, a hallmark of hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin Chung
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pawel Swietach
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M. Kate Curtis
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Vicky Ball
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Peter A. Robbins
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Samira Lakhal-Littleton
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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33
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Zhou W, Chen W. Development of molecular intervention strategies for B-cell lymphoma. Expert Rev Hematol 2021; 14:241-252. [PMID: 33263441 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2021.1856652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are many genetic mutations involved in B-cell lymphomagenesis. These mutations contribute to the prognosis of B-cell lymphomas and can be used for and targeted for intervention. AREAS COVERED This review provides an overview of targeted gene therapies for B-cell lymphoma that were newly approved or are under clinical development. These include, TP53 mutations and related pathways, such as BTK inhibitors, MDM2/4 inhibitors, and XPO1 inhibitors; new drugs targeting EZH2 mutations through competitive inhibition, such as tazemetostat and GSK126; BCL-2-targeted therapeutics, including venetoclax and ABT-263; BTK, IRAK 1/4, HCK, and myddosome complex that targets the MYD88 mutation and the related pathways. In addition, we have also discussed gene mutations that have been reported as potential therapeutic targets, such as TNFAIP3, CARD11. EXPERT OPINION The mechanisms underlying the role of several genetic mutations in lymphomagenesis have been reported, and several studies have designed and developed drugs targeting these mutations. Many of these drugs have been approved for clinical use, while several are still under clinical development. Recent studies have identified additional genetic mutations and gene targets for BCL-2 treatment; however, effective molecular interventions targeting these new targets are yet to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyujing Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University/Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University/Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Matuleviciute R, Cunha PP, Johnson RS, Foskolou IP. Oxygen regulation of TET enzymes. FEBS J 2021; 288:7143-7161. [PMID: 33410283 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia has a significant impact on many physiological and pathological processes. Over the recent years, its role in modulation of epigenetic remodelling has also become clearer. In cancer, low oxygen environments and aberrant epigenomes often go hand in hand, and changes in DNA methylation are now commonly recognised as potential outcome indicators. TET (ten-eleven translocation) family enzymes are alpha-ketoglutarate-, iron- and oxygen-dependent DNA demethylases and are key players in these processes. Although TETs have historically been considered tumour suppressors, recent studies suggest that their functions in cancer might not be straightforward. Recently, inhibition of TETs has been reported to have positive impact in cancer immunotherapy and vaccination studies. This underlines the current interest in developing targeted pharmaceutical inhibitors of these enzymes. Here, we will survey the complexity of TET roles in cancer, and its hypoxic modulation, as well as highlight the potential of these enzymes as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rugile Matuleviciute
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Pedro P Cunha
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Randall S Johnson
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, UK.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology (CMB), Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Iosifina P Foskolou
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, UK.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology (CMB), Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
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35
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Hsu KF, Wilkins SE, Hopkinson RJ, Sekirnik R, Flashman E, Kawamura A, McCullagh JS, Walport LJ, Schofield CJ. Hypoxia and hypoxia mimetics differentially modulate histone post-translational modifications. Epigenetics 2021; 16:14-27. [PMID: 32609604 PMCID: PMC7889154 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2020.1786305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) to the tails of the core histone proteins are critically involved in epigenetic regulation. Hypoxia affects histone modifications by altering the activities of histone-modifying enzymes and the levels of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) isoforms. Synthetic hypoxia mimetics promote a similar response, but how accurately the hypoxia mimetics replicate the effects of limited oxygen availability on the levels of histone PTMs is uncertain. Here we report studies on the profiling of the global changes to PTMs on intact histones in response to hypoxia/hypoxia-related stresses using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). We demonstrate that intact protein LC-MS profiling is a relatively simple and robust method for investigating potential effects of drugs on histone modifications. The results provide insights into the profiles of PTMs associated with hypoxia and inform on the extent to which hypoxia and hypoxia mimetics cause similar changes to histones. These findings imply chemically-induced hypoxia does not completely replicate the substantial effects of physiological hypoxia on histone PTMs, highlighting that caution should be used in interpreting data from their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Feng Hsu
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sarah E. Wilkins
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Richard J. Hopkinson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology and School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Rok Sekirnik
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Emily Flashman
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Akane Kawamura
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK
- Chemistry - School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, UK
| | - James S.O. McCullagh
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Louise J. Walport
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Protein-Protein Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, UK
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36
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Hammarlund EU, Flashman E, Mohlin S, Licausi F. Oxygen-sensing mechanisms across eukaryotic kingdoms and their roles in complex multicellularity. Science 2020; 370:370/6515/eaba3512. [PMID: 33093080 DOI: 10.1126/science.aba3512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen-sensing mechanisms of eukaryotic multicellular organisms coordinate hypoxic cellular responses in a spatiotemporal manner. Although this capacity partly allows animals and plants to acutely adapt to oxygen deprivation, its functional and historical roots in hypoxia emphasize a broader evolutionary role. For multicellular life-forms that persist in settings with variable oxygen concentrations, the capacity to perceive and modulate responses in and between cells is pivotal. Animals and higher plants represent the most complex life-forms that ever diversified on Earth, and their oxygen-sensing mechanisms demonstrate convergent evolution from a functional perspective. Exploring oxygen-sensing mechanisms across eukaryotic kingdoms can inform us on biological innovations to harness ever-changing oxygen availability at the dawn of complex life and its utilization for their organismal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma U Hammarlund
- Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Scheelevägen 8, 223 81 Lund, Sweden. .,Nordic Center for Earth Evolution, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark.,Department of Geology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Emily Flashman
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Sofie Mohlin
- Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Scheelevägen 8, 223 81 Lund, Sweden.,Division of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Francesco Licausi
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK. .,PlantLab, Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore, Sant'Anna, 56124 Pisa, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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37
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Cristancho AG, Marsh ED. Epigenetics modifiers: potential hub for understanding and treating neurodevelopmental disorders from hypoxic injury. J Neurodev Disord 2020; 12:37. [PMID: 33327934 PMCID: PMC7745506 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-020-09344-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fetal brain is adapted to the hypoxic conditions present during normal in utero development. Relatively more hypoxic states, either chronic or acute, are pathologic and can lead to significant long-term neurodevelopmental sequelae. In utero hypoxic injury is associated with neonatal mortality and millions of lives lived with varying degrees of disability. MAIN BODY Genetic studies of children with neurodevelopmental disease indicate that epigenetic modifiers regulating DNA methylation and histone remodeling are critical for normal brain development. Epigenetic modifiers are also regulated by environmental stimuli, such as hypoxia. Indeed, epigenetic modifiers that are mutated in children with genetic neurodevelopmental diseases are regulated by hypoxia in a number of preclinical models and may be part of the mechanism for the long-term neurodevelopmental sequelae seem in children with hypoxic brain injury. Thus, a comprehensive understanding the role of DNA methylation and histone modifications in hypoxic injury is critical for developing novel strategies to treat children with hypoxic injury. CONCLUSIONS This review focuses on our current understanding of the intersection between epigenetics, brain development, and hypoxia. Opportunities for the use of epigenetics as biomarkers of neurodevelopmental disease after hypoxic injury and potential clinical epigenetics targets to improve outcomes after injury are also discussed. While there have been many published studies on the epigenetics of hypoxia, more are needed in the developing brain in order to determine which epigenetic pathways may be most important for mitigating the long-term consequences of hypoxic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana G Cristancho
- Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
- Division of Child Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Eric D Marsh
- Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
- Division of Child Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA.
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38
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Macedo-Silva C, Miranda-Gonçalves V, Lameirinhas A, Lencart J, Pereira A, Lobo J, Guimarães R, Martins AT, Henrique R, Bravo I, Jerónimo C. JmjC-KDMs KDM3A and KDM6B modulate radioresistance under hypoxic conditions in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:1068. [PMID: 33318475 PMCID: PMC7736883 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03279-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the most frequent esophageal cancer (EC) subtype, entails dismal prognosis. Hypoxia, a common feature of advanced ESCC, is involved in resistance to radiotherapy (RT). RT response in hypoxia might be modulated through epigenetic mechanisms, constituting novel targets to improve patient outcome. Post-translational methylation in histone can be partially modulated by histone lysine demethylases (KDMs), which specifically removes methyl groups in certain lysine residues. KDMs deregulation was associated with tumor aggressiveness and therapy failure. Thus, we sought to unveil the role of Jumonji C domain histone lysine demethylases (JmjC-KDMs) in ESCC radioresistance acquisition. The effectiveness of RT upon ESCC cells under hypoxic conditions was assessed by colony formation assay. KDM3A/KDM6B expression, and respective H3K9me2 and H3K27me3 target marks, were evaluated by RT-qPCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence. Effect of JmjC-KDM inhibitor IOX1, as well as KDM3A knockdown, in in vitro functional cell behavior and RT response was assessed in ESCC under hypoxic conditions. In vivo effect of combined IOX1 and ionizing radiation treatment was evaluated in ESCC cells using CAM assay. KDM3A, KDM6B, HIF-1α, and CAIX immunoexpression was assessed in primary ESCC and normal esophagus. Herein, we found that hypoxia promoted ESCC radioresistance through increased KDM3A/KDM6B expression, enhancing cell survival and migration and decreasing DNA damage and apoptosis, in vitro. Exposure to IOX1 reverted these features, increasing ESCC radiosensitivity and decreasing ESCC microtumors size, in vivo. KDM3A was upregulated in ESCC tissues compared to the normal esophagus, associating and colocalizing with hypoxic markers (HIF-1α and CAIX). Therefore, KDM3A upregulation in ESCC cell lines and primary tumors associated with hypoxia, playing a critical role in EC aggressiveness and radioresistance. KDM3A targeting, concomitant with conventional RT, constitutes a promising strategy to improve ESCC patients' survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Macedo-Silva
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group - Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Vera Miranda-Gonçalves
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group - Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Lameirinhas
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group - Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Lencart
- Medical Physics, Radiobiology and Radiation Protection Group - Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal
- Departments of Medical Physics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Pereira
- Medical Physics, Radiobiology and Radiation Protection Group - Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal
- Departments of Medical Physics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Lobo
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group - Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal
- Departments of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar - University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Guimarães
- Departments of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Teresa Martins
- Departments of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Henrique
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group - Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal
- Departments of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar - University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Bravo
- Medical Physics, Radiobiology and Radiation Protection Group - Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group - Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar - University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal.
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39
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Veerasubramanian PK, Trinh A, Akhtar N, Liu WF, Downing TL. Biophysical and epigenetic regulation of cancer stemness, invasiveness and immune action. CURRENT TISSUE MICROENVIRONMENT REPORTS 2020; 1:277-300. [PMID: 33817661 PMCID: PMC8015331 DOI: 10.1007/s43152-020-00021-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The tumor microenvironment (TME) is an amalgam of multiple dysregulated biophysical cues that can alter cellular behavior through mechanotransductive signaling and epigenetic modifications. Through this review, we seek to characterize the extent of biophysical and epigenetic regulation of cancer stemness and tumor-associated immune cells in order to identify ideal targets for cancer therapy. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have identified cancer stemness and immune action as significant contributors to neoplastic disease, due to their susceptibility to microenvironmental influences. Matrix stiffening, altered vasculature, and resultant hypoxia within the TME can influence cancer stem cell (CSC) and immune cell behavior, as well as alter the epigenetic landscapes involved in cancer development. SUMMARY This review highlights the importance of aberrant biophysical cues in driving cancer progression through altered behavior of CSCs and immune cells, which in turn sustains further biophysical dysregulation. We examine current and potential therapeutic approaches that break this self-sustaining cycle of disease progression by targeting the presented biophysical and epigenetic signatures of cancer. We also summarize strategies including the normalization of the TME, targeted drug delivery, and inhibition of cancer-enabling epigenetic players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Krishna Veerasubramanian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Annie Trinh
- The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Navied Akhtar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Wendy F. Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Timothy L. Downing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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40
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Kindrick JD, Mole DR. Hypoxic Regulation of Gene Transcription and Chromatin: Cause and Effect. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8320. [PMID: 33171917 PMCID: PMC7664190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular responses to low oxygen (hypoxia) are fundamental to normal physiology and to the pathology of many common diseases. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is central to this by enhancing the transcriptional activity of many hundreds of genes. The cellular response to HIF is cell-type-specific and is largely governed by the pre-existing epigenetic landscape. Prior to activation, HIF-binding sites and the promoters of HIF-target genes are already accessible, in contact with each other through chromatin looping and display markers of activity. However, hypoxia also modulates the epigenetic environment, both in parallel to and as a consequence of HIF activation. This occurs through a combination of oxygen-sensitive changes in enzyme activity, transcriptional activation of epigenetic modifiers, and localized recruitment to chromatin by HIF and activated RNApol2. These hypoxic changes in the chromatin environment may both contribute to and occur as a consequence of transcriptional regulation. Nevertheless, they have the capacity to both modulate and extend the transcriptional response to hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David R. Mole
- NDM Research Building, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK;
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41
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Ahn HJ, Moon B, Park M, Kim JA. KDM3A regulates Slug expression to promote the invasion of MCF7 breast cancer cells in hypoxia. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:335. [PMID: 33123246 PMCID: PMC7584011 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen deprivation (hypoxia), which frequently occurs in the tumour microenvironment, is a strong driver of the phenotypic transition of cancer cells. An increase in metastatic potential such as cell invasion is a well-known phenotypical change induced in hypoxia. The present study demonstrated that lysine demethylase 3A (KDM3A), a Jumonji C domain-containing KDM, is involved in the hypoxia-induced invasion of MCF7 breast cancer cells. KDM3A depletion inhibits the induction of cell invasion without affecting MCF7 cell survival rate or proliferation under hypoxic conditions, whereas KDM3A overexpression enhances MCF7 cell invasion even under normoxic conditions. KDM3A suppresses E-cadherin expression, which is associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-mediated cell invasion in hypoxia. In addition, KDM3A promotes the expression of Slug, an EMT transcription factor that negatively regulates E-cadherin expression. Consistent with this finding, the removal of the repressive transcription marker, dimethylated histone H3 at lysine 9 from the Slug promoter is dependent on hypoxia-induced recruitment of KDM3A. Collectively, the results of the present study suggest that KDM3A is a crucial transcriptional coactivator of Slug expression to induce MCF7 breast cancer cell invasion in hypoxia, and that inhibition of KDM3A may efficaciously prevent metastatic cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jung Ahn
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Byul Moon
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Mijin Park
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ae Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
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42
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Liu G, Pan R, Wei Y, Tao L. The Hantzsch Reaction in Polymer Chemistry: From Synthetic Methods to Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000459. [PMID: 33006198 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Hantzcsh reaction is a robust four-component reaction for the efficient generation of 1,4-dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP) derivatives. Recently, this reaction has been introduced into polymer chemistry in order to develop polymers having 1,4-DHP structures in the main and/or side chains. The 1,4-DHP groups confer new properties/functions to the polymers. This mini-review summarizes the recent studies on the development of new functional polymers by using the Hantzsch reaction. Several synthetic approaches, including polycondensation, post-polymerization modification (PPM), monomer to polymer strategy, and one-pot strategy are introduced; different applications (protein conjugation, formaldehyde detection, drug carrier, and anti-bacterial adhesion) of the resulting polymers are emphasized. Meanwhile, the future development of the Hantzsch reaction in exploring new functional polymers is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ruihao Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yen Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Lei Tao
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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43
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Kelly T, Johnsen H, Burgerhout E, Tveiten H, Thesslund T, Andersen Ø, Robinson N. Low Oxygen Stress During Early Development Influences Regulation of Hypoxia-Response Genes in Farmed Atlantic Salmon ( Salmo salar). G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2020; 10:3179-3188. [PMID: 32636218 PMCID: PMC7466997 DOI: 10.1534/g3.120.401459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Survival and growth of developing salmonids are negatively affected by low oxygen levels within gravel nests in natural streams, and hypoxic stress is often experienced by farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) within hatcheries. Exposure to hypoxia during early development may have long-lasting effects by altering epigenetic marks and gene expression in oxygen regulatory pathways. Here, we examine the transcriptomic response to low dissolved oxygen (DO) in post-hatch salmon reared continuously in 30%, 60% or 100% DO from fertilization until start of feeding. RNA sequencing revealed multiple differentially expressed genes, including oxygen transporting hemoglobin embryonic α subunit (hbae) and EGLN3 family hypoxia-inducible factor 3 (egln3) which regulates the stability of hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). Both hbae and egln3 displayed expression levels inversely correlated to oxygen concentration, and DNA methylation patterns within the egln3 promoter were negatively associated with the transcript levels. These results suggest that epigenetic processes are influenced by low oxygen levels during early development in Atlantic salmon to upregulate hypoxia-response genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Kelly
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory- Temperate and Tropical (SALTT), School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Øivind Andersen
- Nofima, N-9291 Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), N-1433, Ås, Norway
| | - Nicholas Robinson
- Nofima, N-9291 Tromsø, Norway
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory- Temperate and Tropical (SALTT), School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
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44
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Cordeiro IR, Tanaka M. Environmental Oxygen is a Key Modulator of Development and Evolution: From Molecules to Ecology. Bioessays 2020; 42:e2000025. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Rosenburg Cordeiro
- Department of Life Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology B‐17, 4259 Nagatsuta‐cho, Midori‐ku Yokohama 226‐8501 Japan
| | - Mikiko Tanaka
- Department of Life Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology B‐17, 4259 Nagatsuta‐cho, Midori‐ku Yokohama 226‐8501 Japan
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45
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Poeta L, Padula A, Attianese B, Valentino M, Verrillo L, Filosa S, Shoubridge C, Barra A, Schwartz CE, Christensen J, van Bokhoven H, Helin K, Lioi MB, Collombat P, Gecz J, Altucci L, Di Schiavi E, Miano MG. Histone demethylase KDM5C is a SAHA-sensitive central hub at the crossroads of transcriptional axes involved in multiple neurodevelopmental disorders. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 28:4089-4102. [PMID: 31691806 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A disproportional large number of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) is caused by variants in genes encoding transcription factors and chromatin modifiers. However, the functional interactions between the corresponding proteins are only partly known. Here, we show that KDM5C, encoding a H3K4 demethylase, is at the intersection of transcriptional axes under the control of three regulatory proteins ARX, ZNF711 and PHF8. Interestingly, mutations in all four genes (KDM5C, ARX, ZNF711 and PHF8) are associated with X-linked NDDs comprising intellectual disability as a core feature. in vitro analysis of the KDM5C promoter revealed that ARX and ZNF711 function as antagonist transcription factors that activate KDM5C expression and compete for the recruitment of PHF8. Functional analysis of mutations in these genes showed a correlation between phenotype severity and the reduction in KDM5C transcriptional activity. The KDM5C decrease was associated with a lack of repression of downstream target genes Scn2a, Syn1 and Bdnf in the embryonic brain of Arx-null mice. Aiming to correct the faulty expression of KDM5C, we studied the effect of the FDA-approved histone deacetylase inhibitor suberanilohydroxamic acid (SAHA). In Arx-KO murine ES-derived neurons, SAHA was able to rescue KDM5C depletion, recover H3K4me3 signalling and improve neuronal differentiation. Indeed, in ARX/alr-1-deficient Caenorhabditis elegans animals, SAHA was shown to counteract the defective KDM5C/rbr-2-H3K4me3 signalling, recover abnormal behavioural phenotype and ameliorate neuronal maturation. Overall, our studies indicate that KDM5C is a conserved and druggable effector molecule across a number of NDDs for whom the use of SAHA may be considered a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Poeta
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Agnese Padula
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy.,University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Benedetta Attianese
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Mariaelena Valentino
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Verrillo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy.,University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Stefania Filosa
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy.,Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (Neuromed), Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Cheryl Shoubridge
- Intellectual Disability Research, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Robinson Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Adriano Barra
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | | | - Jesper Christensen
- University of Copenhagen, Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Copenhagen, Denmark.,University of Copenhagen, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (Danstem), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans van Bokhoven
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Cognition, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kristian Helin
- University of Copenhagen, Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Copenhagen, Denmark.,University of Copenhagen, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (Danstem), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Jozef Gecz
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Lucia Altucci
- University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Elia Di Schiavi
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Giuseppina Miano
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
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Arifuzzaman S, Khatun MR, Khatun R. Emerging of lysine demethylases (KDMs): From pathophysiological insights to novel therapeutic opportunities. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110392. [PMID: 32574968 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there have been remarkable scientific advancements in the understanding of lysine demethylases (KDMs) because of their demethylation of diverse substrates, including nucleic acids and proteins. Novel structural architectures, physiological roles in the gene expression regulation, and ability to modify protein functions made KDMs the topic of interest in biomedical research. These structural diversities allow them to exert their function either alone or in complex with numerous other bio-macromolecules. Impressive number of studies have demonstrated that KDMs are localized dynamically across the cellular and tissue microenvironment. Their dysregulation is often associated with human diseases, such as cancer, immune disorders, neurological disorders, and developmental abnormalities. Advancements in the knowledge of the underlying biochemistry and disease associations have led to the development of a series of modulators and technical compounds. Given the distinct biophysical and biochemical properties of KDMs, in this review we have focused on advances related to the structure, function, disease association, and therapeutic targeting of KDMs highlighting improvements in both the specificity and efficacy of KDM modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarder Arifuzzaman
- Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh; Everest Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Dhaka-1208, Bangladesh.
| | - Mst Reshma Khatun
- Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
| | - Rabeya Khatun
- Department of Pediatrics, TMSS Medical College and Rafatullah Community Hospital, Gokul, Bogura, 5800, Bangladesh
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Wilson JW, Shakir D, Batie M, Frost M, Rocha S. Oxygen-sensing mechanisms in cells. FEBS J 2020; 287:3888-3906. [PMID: 32446269 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The importance of oxygen for the survival of multicellular and aerobic organisms is well established and documented. Over the years, increased knowledge of its use for bioenergetics has placed oxygen at the centre of research on mitochondria and ATP-generating processes. Understanding the molecular mechanisms governing cellular oxygen sensing and response has allowed for the discovery of novel pathways oxygen is involved in, culminating with the award of the Nobel Prize for Medicine and Physiology in 2019 to the pioneers of this field, Greg Semenza, Peter Ratcliffe and William Kaelin. However, it is now beginning to be appreciated that oxygen can be a signalling molecule involved in a vast array of molecular processes, most of which impinge on gene expression control. This review will focus on the knowns and unknowns of oxygen as a signalling molecule, highlighting the role of 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases as central players in the cellular response to deviations in oxygen tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Dilem Shakir
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Michael Batie
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Mark Frost
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Sonia Rocha
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK
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48
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Bustelo M, Barkhuizen M, van den Hove DLA, Steinbusch HWM, Bruno MA, Loidl CF, Gavilanes AWD. Clinical Implications of Epigenetic Dysregulation in Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Damage. Front Neurol 2020; 11:483. [PMID: 32582011 PMCID: PMC7296108 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Placental and fetal hypoxia caused by perinatal hypoxic-ischemic events are major causes of stillbirth, neonatal morbidity, and long-term neurological sequelae among surviving neonates. Brain hypoxia and associated pathological processes such as excitotoxicity, apoptosis, necrosis, and inflammation, are associated with lasting disruptions in epigenetic control of gene expression contributing to neurological dysfunction. Recent studies have pointed to DNA (de)methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs as crucial components of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The understanding of epigenetic dysregulation in HIE is essential in the development of new clinical interventions for perinatal HIE. Here, we summarize our current understanding of epigenetic mechanisms underlying the molecular pathology of HI brain damage and its clinical implications in terms of new diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín Bustelo
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC), Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, San Juan, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Neuropatología Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias "Prof. E. De Robertis" (IBCN), Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Melinda Barkhuizen
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Daniel L A van den Hove
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Harry Wilhelm M Steinbusch
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Martín A Bruno
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, San Juan, Argentina
| | - C Fabián Loidl
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, San Juan, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Neuropatología Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias "Prof. E. De Robertis" (IBCN), Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Antonio W Danilo Gavilanes
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC), Maastricht, Netherlands.,Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación de Salud Integral, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador
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49
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Kozako T, Itoh Y, Honda SI, Suzuki T. Epigenetic Control Using Small Molecules in Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-32857-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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50
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Chen L, Wang Z, Xu Q, Liu Y, Chen L, Guo S, Wang H, Zeng K, Liu J, Zeng S, Yu L. The failure of DAC to induce OCT2 expression and its remission by hemoglobin-based nanocarriers under hypoxia in renal cell carcinoma. Theranostics 2020; 10:3562-3578. [PMID: 32206108 PMCID: PMC7069078 DOI: 10.7150/thno.39944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Human organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) is the most abundant and important uptake transporter involved in the renal excretion of cationic drugs. Abnormal hypermethylation- mediated silencing of OCT2 results in oxaliplatin resistance in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The epigenetic activation of OCT2 by decitabine (DAC) reversed this resistance in normoxic conditions. Given the hypoxic characteristic of RCC, it is still unclear whether hypoxia promotes DAC resistance and is involved in the regulation of OCT2. Methods: The mRNA and protein expression of OCT2 was determined by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. MSRE-qPCR and BSP were used to examine methylation modifications at the OCT2 promoter. The ChIP-qPCR analysis was performed to detect the abundance of histone modification and HIF-1α. The accumulation of DAC and 5-mC were detected using LC-MS, and the amount of 5-hmC was determined by dot blot analysis. To understand the role of hypoxia in the regulation of equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1) expression, the HIF-1α KO cell model was constructed. The re-emulsion method was used for the construction of H-NPs, an oxygen nanocarrier based on hemoglobin, to alleviate the drug resistance of DAC under hypoxia. Results: DAC was unable to upregulate OCT2 expression in hypoxic conditions because of the hypermethylation and low H3K4me3 modification in its promoter region. Hypoxia-mediated repression of human ENT1, which was markedly suppressed in RCC, resulted in a decrease in the cellular accumulation of DAC. Besides, hypoxia-induced upregulation of histone deacetylase HDAC9, which impaired the enrichment of H3K27ac modification in the OCT2 promoter, led to the transcriptional repression of OCT2. H-NPs could attenuate the hypoxia-induced loss of DAC activity and sensitize RCC cells to the sequential combination therapy of DAC and oxaliplatin. Conclusions: Hypoxia-mediated repression of ENT1 led to the inability of DAC to upregulate the expression of OCT2 under hypoxia. H-NPs could alleviate resistance to oxaliplatin and DAC in RCC cells under hypoxia and may have potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zeyang Wang
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qingwen Xu
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuxi Liu
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Le Chen
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Suhang Guo
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Kui Zeng
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Junqing Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Su Zeng
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lushan Yu
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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