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Hicks HM, Nassar VL, Lund J, Rose MM, Schweppe RE. The effects of Aurora Kinase inhibition on thyroid cancer growth and sensitivity to MAPK-directed therapies. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2332000. [PMID: 38521968 PMCID: PMC10962586 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2332000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is one of the deadliest endocrine cancers, and its incidence has been increasing. While mutations in BRAF are common in thyroid cancer, advanced PTC patients currently lack therapeutic options targeting the MAPK pathway, and despite the approved combination of BRAF and MEK1/2 inhibition for BRAF-mutant ATC, resistance often occurs. Here, we assess growth and signaling responses to combined BRAF and MEK1/2 inhibition in a panel of BRAF-mutant thyroid cancer cell lines. We first showed that combined BRAF and MEK1/2 inhibition synergistically inhibits cell growth in four out of six of the -BRAF-mutant thyroid cancer cell lines tested. Western blotting showed that the MAPK pathway was robustly inhibited in all cell lines. Therefore, to identify potential mechanisms of resistance, we performed RNA-sequencing in cells sensitive or resistant to MEK1/2 inhibition. In response to MEK1/2 inhibition, we identified a downregulation of Aurora Kinase B (AURKB) in sensitive but not resistant cells. We further demonstrated that combined MEK1/2 and AURKB inhibition slowed cell growth, which was phenocopied by inhibiting AURKB and ERK1/2. Finally, we show that combined AURKB and ERK1/2 inhibition induces apoptosis in BRAF-mutant thyroid cancer cell lines, together suggesting a potential combination therapy for BRAF-mutant thyroid cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M. Hicks
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Veronica L. Nassar
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jane Lund
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Madison M. Rose
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rebecca E. Schweppe
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
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2
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Chen M, Zhu H, Li J, Luo D, Zhang J, Liu W, Wang J. Research progress on the relationship between AURKA and tumorigenesis: the neglected nuclear function of AURKA. Ann Med 2024; 56:2282184. [PMID: 38738386 PMCID: PMC11095293 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2282184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
AURKA is a threonine or serine kinase that needs to be activated by TPX2, Bora and other factors. AURKA is located on chromosome 20 and is amplified or overexpressed in many human cancers, such as breast cancer. AURKA regulates some basic cellular processes, and this regulation is realized via the phosphorylation of downstream substrates. AURKA can function in either the cytoplasm or the nucleus. It can promote the transcription and expression of oncogenes together with other transcription factors in the nucleus, including FoxM1, C-Myc, and NF-κB. In addition, it also sustains carcinogenic signaling, such as N-Myc and Wnt signaling. This article will focus on the role of AURKA in the nucleus and its carcinogenic characteristics that are independent of its kinase activity to provide a theoretical explanation for mechanisms of resistance to kinase inhibitors and a reference for future research on targeted inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghua Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Huijun Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Danjing Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Wenqi Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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3
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Stockwell SR, Scott DE, Fischer G, Guarino E, Rooney TPC, Feng TS, Moschetti T, Srinivasan R, Alza E, Asteian A, Dagostin C, Alcaide A, Rocaboy M, Blaszczyk B, Higueruelo A, Wang X, Rossmann M, Perrior TR, Blundell TL, Spring DR, McKenzie G, Abell C, Skidmore J, Venkitaraman AR, Hyvönen M. Selective Aurora A-TPX2 Interaction Inhibitors Have In Vivo Efficacy as Targeted Antimitotic Agents. J Med Chem 2024; 67:15521-15536. [PMID: 39190548 PMCID: PMC11403621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Aurora A kinase, a cell division regulator, is frequently overexpressed in various cancers, provoking genome instability and resistance to antimitotic chemotherapy. Localization and enzymatic activity of Aurora A are regulated by its interaction with the spindle assembly factor TPX2. We have used fragment-based, structure-guided lead discovery to develop small molecule inhibitors of the Aurora A-TPX2 protein-protein interaction (PPI). Our lead compound, CAM2602, inhibits Aurora A:TPX2 interaction, binding Aurora A with 19 nM affinity. CAM2602 exhibits oral bioavailability, causes pharmacodynamic biomarker modulation, and arrests the growth of tumor xenografts. CAM2602 acts by a novel mechanism compared to ATP-competitive inhibitors and is highly specific to Aurora A over Aurora B. Consistent with our finding that Aurora A overexpression drives taxane resistance, these inhibitors synergize with paclitaxel to suppress the outgrowth of pancreatic cancer cells. Our results provide a blueprint for targeting the Aurora A-TPX2 PPI for cancer therapy and suggest a promising clinical utility for this mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon R Stockwell
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, U.K
| | - Duncan E Scott
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Gerhard Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K
| | - Estrella Guarino
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, U.K
| | - Timothy P C Rooney
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Tzu-Shean Feng
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Tommaso Moschetti
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K
| | - Rajavel Srinivasan
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Esther Alza
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Alice Asteian
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Claudio Dagostin
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Anna Alcaide
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Mathieu Rocaboy
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K
| | - Beata Blaszczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K
| | - Alicia Higueruelo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K
| | - Xuelu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K
| | - Maxim Rossmann
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K
| | | | - Tom L Blundell
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K
| | - David R Spring
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Grahame McKenzie
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, U.K
| | - Chris Abell
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - John Skidmore
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Ashok R Venkitaraman
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, U.K
| | - Marko Hyvönen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K
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4
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Vempuluru VS, Maniar A, Bakal K, Kaliki S. Role of MYCN in retinoblastoma: A review of current literature. Surv Ophthalmol 2024; 69:697-706. [PMID: 38796108 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Chromosomal abnormalities that involve the MYCN gene are rare; however, it is one of the most commonly mutated genes in retinoblastoma (RB) after the RB1 gene. MYCN is amplified in approximately 1-9 % of all RB tumors. It plays a role in RB oncogenesis via many mechanisms, including synergism with RB1 deletion, positive feedback with MDM2, upregulation of cell cycle regulating genes, upregulation of miRNA, and upregulation of glucose metabolism. MYCN amplifications are not mutually exclusive and can occur even in the presence of RB1 gene mutations. Clinically, RB1+/+MYCNA tumors present as sporadic, unilateral, advanced tumors in very young children and tend to follow an aggressive course. Magnetic resonance imaging features include peripheral tumor location, placoid configuration, retinal folding, tumor-associated hemorrhage, and anterior chamber enhancement. Genetic testing for MYCNA is especially recommended in patients with unilateral RB where genetic blood testing and tumor tissue show a lack of RB1 mutation. MYCN-targeted therapies are evolving and hold promise for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijitha S Vempuluru
- The Operation Eyesight Universal Institute for Eye Cancer, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India
| | - Arpita Maniar
- Duke Eye Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Komal Bakal
- The Operation Eyesight Universal Institute for Eye Cancer, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India
| | - Swathi Kaliki
- The Operation Eyesight Universal Institute for Eye Cancer, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India.
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5
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Sachdeva A, Roy A, Gupta MK, Mandal S. Pharmacological inhibition of protein kinase D2/Aurora kinase A signalling axis suppresses G2/M cell cycle progression and proliferation of epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 260:155390. [PMID: 38878668 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the deadliest gynecological malignancy with poor prognosis and patient survival outcome. Protein kinase D2 (PKD2) belongs to Ca++/calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine kinase family and its aberrant expression is associated with many cellular and physiological functions associated with tumorigenesis including cell proliferation. We show that PKD2 is activated during G2/M cell cycle transition and its catalytic inactivation by small molecule inhibitor CRT0066101 or genetic knockdown caused suppression of EOC cell proliferation followed by a delay into mitotic entry. Our RNASeq analysis of PKD2-inactivated EOC cells revealed significant downregulation of genes associated with cell cycle including Aurora kinase A, a critical mitotic regulator. Mechanistically, PKD2 positively regulated Aurora kinase A stability at both transcriptional and post-translational levels by interfering with the function of Fbxw7, drove G2/M cell cycle transition and EOC cell proliferation. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of Aurora kinase A by small molecule CD532 or its shRNA-mediated genetic knockdown suppressed EOC cell proliferation, induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and mitotic catastrophe followed by apoptosis. Taken together, our results indicated that PKD2 positively regulates Aurora kinase A during G2/M cell cycle entry and pharmacological targeting of PKD2/Aurora kinase A signalling axis could serve as a novel therapeutic intervention against a lethal pathology like EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abha Sachdeva
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201303, India
| | - Adhiraj Roy
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201303, India.
| | - Manoj Kumar Gupta
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201303, India
| | - Supratim Mandal
- Department of Microbiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India
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6
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Long S, Zhong Y, Liu J. Aurora-B: a novel biomarker in the invasion and metastasis of osteosarcoma. Biomark Med 2024; 18:639-647. [PMID: 39069957 PMCID: PMC11370910 DOI: 10.1080/17520363.2024.2366160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS), a primary human malignant tumor that affects the bones, mostly arises in children and adolescents. Even though surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy has improved the survival rate up to 60%, the long-term positive effect for most patients with OS is not satisfactory. Hence, elucidating the specific mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of OS is particularly important. Aurora-B, a serine/threonine kinase, plays a crucial role in centrosome regulation, spindle formation and chromosomal separation during mitosis. It has been found that Aurora-B overexpression is related to the occurrence and development of several malignant tumors, including OS. This article summarizes the role of Aurora-B in the invasion and metastasis of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siping Long
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330100, China
| | - Yanxin Zhong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Spine & Spinal Cord Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Spine & Spinal Cord Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
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7
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Pellizzari S, Athwal H, Bonvissuto AC, Parsyan A. Role of AURKB Inhibition in Reducing Proliferation and Enhancing Effects of Radiotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. BREAST CANCER (DOVE MEDICAL PRESS) 2024; 16:341-346. [PMID: 39006183 PMCID: PMC11246031 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s444965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in females. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype is the most aggressive form of breast cancer that lacks biomarkers and effective targeted therapies. Its high degree of heterogeneity as well as innate and acquired resistance to treatment creates further barriers in achieving positive clinical outcomes in TNBC. Thus, development of novel treatment approaches in TNBC is of high clinical significance. Multimodality approaches with targeted agents and radiotherapy (RT) are promising for increasing efficacy of treatment and circumventing resistance. Here we examined anticancer effects of the Aurora Kinase B (AURKB) inhibitor AZD1152 as a single agent and in combination with RT using various TNBC cell lines, MDA-MB-468, MDA-MB-231 and SUM-159. We observed that AZD1152 alone effectively inhibited colony formation in TNBC cell lines. The combination of AZD1152 at IC50 concentrations together with ionizing radiation further reduced colony formation as compared to the single agent treatment. Our data support the notion that inhibition of the AURKB pathway is a promising strategy for treatment and radiosensitization of TNBC and warrants further translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sierra Pellizzari
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Harjot Athwal
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Anne Claudine Bonvissuto
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Verspeeten Family Cancer Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
| | - Armen Parsyan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Verspeeten Family Cancer Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, St Joseph’s Health Care and London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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8
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Brennan RJ, Jenkinson S, Brown A, Delaunois A, Dumotier B, Pannirselvam M, Rao M, Ribeiro LR, Schmidt F, Sibony A, Timsit Y, Sales VT, Armstrong D, Lagrutta A, Mittlestadt SW, Naven R, Peri R, Roberts S, Vergis JM, Valentin JP. The state of the art in secondary pharmacology and its impact on the safety of new medicines. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2024; 23:525-545. [PMID: 38773351 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-024-00942-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Secondary pharmacology screening of investigational small-molecule drugs for potentially adverse off-target activities has become standard practice in pharmaceutical research and development, and regulatory agencies are increasingly requesting data on activity against targets with recognized adverse effect relationships. However, the screening strategies and target panels used by pharmaceutical companies may vary substantially. To help identify commonalities and differences, as well as to highlight opportunities for further optimization of secondary pharmacology assessment, we conducted a broad-ranging survey across 18 companies under the auspices of the DruSafe leadership group of the International Consortium for Innovation and Quality in Pharmaceutical Development. Based on our analysis of this survey and discussions and additional research within the group, we present here an overview of the current state of the art in secondary pharmacology screening. We discuss best practices, including additional safety-associated targets not covered by most current screening panels, and present approaches for interpreting and reporting off-target activities. We also provide an assessment of the safety impact of secondary pharmacology screening, and a perspective on opportunities and challenges in this rapidly developing field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mohan Rao
- Janssen Research & Development, San Diego, CA, USA
- Neurocrine Biosciences, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Lyn Rosenbrier Ribeiro
- UCB Biopharma, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium
- AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- Grunenthal, Berkshire, UK
| | | | | | - Yoav Timsit
- Novartis Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Blueprint Medicines, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Duncan Armstrong
- Novartis Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Armstrong Pharmacology, Macclesfield, UK
| | | | | | - Russell Naven
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Novartis Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ravikumar Peri
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Sonia Roberts
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - James M Vergis
- Faegre Drinker Biddle and Reath, LLP, Washington, DC, USA
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9
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Coleman JC, Tattersall L, Yianni V, Knight L, Yu H, Hallett SR, Johnson P, Caetano AJ, Cosstick C, Ridley AJ, Gartland A, Conte MR, Grigoriadis AE. The RNA binding proteins LARP4A and LARP4B promote sarcoma and carcinoma growth and metastasis. iScience 2024; 27:109288. [PMID: 38532886 PMCID: PMC10963253 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are emerging as important regulators of cancer pathogenesis. We reveal that the RBPs LARP4A and LARP4B are differentially overexpressed in osteosarcoma and osteosarcoma lung metastases, as well as in prostate cancer. Depletion of LARP4A and LARP4B reduced tumor growth and metastatic spread in xenografts, as well as inhibiting cell proliferation, motility, and migration. Transcriptomic profiling and high-content multiparametric analyses unveiled a central role for LARP4B, but not LARP4A, in regulating cell cycle progression in osteosarcoma and prostate cancer cells, potentially through modulating key cell cycle proteins such as Cyclins B1 and E2, Aurora B, and E2F1. This first systematic comparison between LARP4A and LARP4B assigns new pro-tumorigenic functions to LARP4A and LARP4B in bone and prostate cancer, highlighting their similarities while also indicating distinct functional differences. Uncovering clear biological roles for these paralogous proteins provides new avenues for identifying tissue-specific targets and potential druggable intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C. Coleman
- Centre for Craniofacial & Regenerative Biology, King’s College London, London, SE1 9RT UK
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, London, SE1 1UL UK
| | - Luke Tattersall
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX UK
| | - Val Yianni
- Centre for Craniofacial & Regenerative Biology, King’s College London, London, SE1 9RT UK
| | - Laura Knight
- Centre for Craniofacial & Regenerative Biology, King’s College London, London, SE1 9RT UK
| | - Hongqiang Yu
- Centre for Craniofacial & Regenerative Biology, King’s College London, London, SE1 9RT UK
| | - Sadie R. Hallett
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, London, SE1 1UL UK
| | - Philip Johnson
- Centre for Craniofacial & Regenerative Biology, King’s College London, London, SE1 9RT UK
| | - Ana J. Caetano
- Centre for Craniofacial & Regenerative Biology, King’s College London, London, SE1 9RT UK
| | - Charlie Cosstick
- Centre for Craniofacial & Regenerative Biology, King’s College London, London, SE1 9RT UK
| | - Anne J. Ridley
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD UK
| | - Alison Gartland
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX UK
| | - Maria R. Conte
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, London, SE1 1UL UK
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10
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Gupta D, Kumar M, Saifi S, Rawat S, Ethayathulla AS, Kaur P. A comprehensive review on role of Aurora kinase inhibitors (AKIs) in cancer therapeutics. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130913. [PMID: 38508544 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Aurora kinases (AURKs) are a family of serine /threonine protein kinases that have a crucial role in cell cycle process mainly in the event of chromosomal segregation, centrosome maturation and cytokinesis. The family consists of three members including Aurora kinase A (AURK-A), Aurora kinase B (AURK-B) and Aurora kinase C (AURK-C). All AURKs contain a conserved kinase domain for their activity but differ in their cellular localization and functions. AURK-A and AURK-B are expressed mainly in somatic cells while the expression of AURK-C is limited to germ cells. AURK-A promotes G2 to M transition of cell cycle by controlling centrosome maturation and mitotic spindle assembly. AURK-B and AURK-C form the chromosome passenger complex (CPC) that ensures proper chromosomal alignments and segregation. Aberrant expression of AURK-A and AURK-B has been detected in several solid tumours and malignancies. Hence, they have become an attractive therapeutic target against cancer. The first part of this review focuses on AURKs structure, functions, subcellular localization, and their role in tumorigenesis. The review also highlights the functional and clinical impact of selective as well as pan kinase inhibitors. Currently, >60 compounds that target AURKs are in preclinical and clinical studies. The drawbacks of existing inhibitors like selectivity, drug resistance and toxicity have also been addressed. Since, majority of inhibitors are Aurora kinase inhibitor (AKI) type-1 that bind to the active (DFGin and Cin) conformation of the kinase, this information may be utilized to design highly selective kinase inhibitors that can be combined with other therapeutic agents for better clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepali Gupta
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi 110029, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi 110029, India
| | - Sana Saifi
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi 110029, India
| | - Shivani Rawat
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi 110029, India
| | - A S Ethayathulla
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi 110029, India
| | - Punit Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi 110029, India.
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11
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Shah ET, Molloy C, Gough M, Kryza T, Samuel SG, Tucker A, Bhatia M, Ferguson G, Heyman R, Vora S, Monkman J, Bolderson E, Kulasinghe A, He Y, Gabrielli B, Hooper JD, Richard DJ, O'Byrne KJ, Adams MN. Inhibition of Aurora B kinase (AURKB) enhances the effectiveness of 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy against colorectal cancer cells. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:1196-1205. [PMID: 38287178 PMCID: PMC10991355 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02584-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) remains a core component of systemic therapy for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, response rates remain low, and development of therapy resistance is a primary issue. Combinatorial strategies employing a second agent to augment the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy is predicted to reduce the incidence of treatment resistance and increase the durability of response to therapy. METHODS Here, we employed quantitative proteomics approaches to identify novel druggable proteins and molecular pathways that are deregulated in response to 5-FU, which might serve as targets to improve sensitivity to chemotherapy. Drug combinations were evaluated using 2D and 3D CRC cell line models and an ex vivo culture model of a patient-derived tumour. RESULTS Quantitative proteomics identified upregulation of the mitosis-associated protein Aurora B (AURKB), within a network of upregulated proteins, in response to a 24 h 5-FU treatment. In CRC cell lines, AURKB inhibition with the dihydrogen phosphate prodrug AZD1152, markedly improved the potency of 5-FU in 2D and 3D in vitro CRC models. Sequential treatment with 5-FU then AZD1152 also enhanced the response of a patient-derived CRC cells to 5-FU in ex vivo cultures. CONCLUSIONS AURKB inhibition may be a rational approach to augment the effectiveness of 5-FU chemotherapy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esha T Shah
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Christopher Molloy
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Madeline Gough
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Thomas Kryza
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Selwin G Samuel
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Amos Tucker
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Maneet Bhatia
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Genevieve Ferguson
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Rebecca Heyman
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Shivam Vora
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - James Monkman
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Emma Bolderson
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Arutha Kulasinghe
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Yaowu He
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Brian Gabrielli
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Derek J Richard
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Kenneth J O'Byrne
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
- Cancer Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Mark N Adams
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia.
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Eni DB, Cassel J, Namba-Nzanguim CT, Simoben CV, Tietjen I, Akunuri R, Salvino JM, Ntie-Kang F. Design, synthesis, and biochemical and computational screening of novel oxindole derivatives as inhibitors of Aurora A kinase and SARS-CoV-2 spike/host ACE2 interaction. Med Chem Res 2024; 33:620-634. [PMID: 38646411 PMCID: PMC11024012 DOI: 10.1007/s00044-024-03201-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Isatin (indol-2,3-dione), a secondary metabolite of tryptophan, has been used as the core structure to design several compounds that have been tested and identified as potent inhibitors of apoptosis, potential antitumor agents, anticonvulsants, and antiviral agents. In this work, several analogs of isatin hybrids have been synthesized and characterized, and their activities were established as inhibitors of both Aurora A kinase and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike/host angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2) interactions. Amongst the synthesized isatin hybrids, compounds 6a, 6f, 6g, and 6m exhibited Aurora A kinase inhibitory activities (with IC50 values < 5 μ M), with GScore values of -7.9, -7.6, -8.2 and -7.7 kcal/mol, respectively. Compounds 6g and 6i showed activities in blocking SARS-CoV-2 spike/ACE2 binding (with IC50 values in the range < 30 μ M), with GScore values of -6.4 and -6.6 kcal/mol, respectively. Compounds 6f, 6g, and 6i were both capable of inhibiting spike/ACE2 binding and blocking Aurora A kinase. Pharmacophore profiling indicated that compound 6g tightly fits Aurora A kinase and SARS-CoV-2 pharmacophores, while 6d fits SARS-CoV-2 and 6l fits Aurora A kinase pharmacophore. This work is a proof of concept that some existing cancer drugs may possess antiviral properties. Molecular modeling showed that the active compound for each protein adopted different binding modes, hence interacting with a different set of amino acid residues in the binding site. The weaker activities against spike/ACE2 could be explained by the small sizes of the ligands that fail to address the important interactions for binding to the ACE2 receptor site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatus B. Eni
- Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | | | - Cyril T. Namba-Nzanguim
- Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Conrad V. Simoben
- Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | | | | | | | - Fidele Ntie-Kang
- Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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13
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Huang L, Woods CM, Dharmawardana N, Michael MZ, Ooi EH. The mechanisms of action of metformin on head and neck cancer in the pre-clinical setting: a scoping review. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1358854. [PMID: 38454932 PMCID: PMC10917904 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1358854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This scoping review identifies the mechanistic pathways of metformin when used to treat head and neck cancer cells, in the pre-clinical setting. Understanding the underlying mechanisms will inform future experimental designs exploring metformin as a potential adjuvant for head and neck cancer. This scoping review was conducted according to the Joanna-Briggs Institute framework. A structured search identified 1288 studies, of which 52 studies fulfilled the eligibility screen. The studies are presented in themes addressing hallmarks of cancer. Most of the studies demonstrated encouraging anti-proliferative effects in vitro and reduced tumor weight and volume in animal models. However, a few studies have cautioned the use of metformin which supported cancer cell growth under certain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Huang
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Charmaine M. Woods
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nuwan Dharmawardana
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Michael Z. Michael
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Eng Hooi Ooi
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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van Essen MJ, Apsley EJ, Riepsaame J, Xu R, Northcott PA, Cowley SA, Jacob J, Becker EBE. PTCH1-mutant human cerebellar organoids exhibit altered neural development and recapitulate early medulloblastoma tumorigenesis. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050323. [PMID: 38411252 PMCID: PMC10924233 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Patched 1 (PTCH1) is the primary receptor for the sonic hedgehog (SHH) ligand and negatively regulates SHH signalling, an essential pathway in human embryogenesis. Loss-of-function mutations in PTCH1 are associated with altered neuronal development and the malignant brain tumour medulloblastoma. As a result of differences between murine and human development, molecular and cellular perturbations that arise from human PTCH1 mutations remain poorly understood. Here, we used cerebellar organoids differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells combined with CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to investigate the earliest molecular and cellular consequences of PTCH1 mutations on human cerebellar development. Our findings demonstrate that developmental mechanisms in cerebellar organoids reflect in vivo processes of regionalisation and SHH signalling, and offer new insights into early pathophysiological events of medulloblastoma tumorigenesis without the use of animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max J. van Essen
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Elizabeth J. Apsley
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Joey Riepsaame
- Genome Engineering Oxford, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, OX1 3RE Oxford, UK
| | - Ruijie Xu
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA
| | - Paul A. Northcott
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA
| | - Sally A. Cowley
- James and Lillian Martin Centre for Stem Cell Research, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, OX1 3RE, UK
| | - John Jacob
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Esther B. E. Becker
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
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Liu K, Zhou X, Huang F, Liu L, Xu Z, Gao C, Zhang K, Hong J, Yao N, Cheng G. Aurora B facilitates cholangiocarcinoma progression by stabilizing c-Myc. Animal Model Exp Med 2024. [PMID: 38247322 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a malignancy that arises from biliary epithelial cells, has a dismal prognosis, and few targeted therapies are available. Aurora B, a key mitotic regulator, has been reported to be involved in the progression of various tumors, yet its role in CCA is still unclarified. METHODS Human CCA tissues and murine spontaneous CCA models were used to assess Aurora B expression in CCA. A loss-of-function model was constructed in CCA cells to determine the role of Aurora B in CCA progression. Subcutaneous and liver orthotopic xenograft models were used to assess the therapeutic potential of Aurora B inhibitors in CCA. RESULTS In murine spontaneous CCA models, Aurora B was significantly upregulated. Elevated Aurora B expression was also observed in 62.3% of human specimens in our validation cohort (143 CCA specimens), and high Aurora B expression was positively correlated with pathological parameters of tumors and poor survival. Knockdown of Aurora B by siRNA and heteroduplex oligonucleotide (HDO) or an Aurora B kinase inhibitor (AZD1152) significantly suppressed CCA progression via G2/M arrest induction. An interaction between Aurora B and c-Myc was found in CCA cells. Targeting Aurora B significantly reduced this interaction and accelerated the proteasomal degradation of c-Myc, suggesting that Aurora B promoted the malignant properties of CCA by stabilizing c-Myc. Furthermore, sequential application of AZD1152 or Aurora B HDO drastically improved the efficacy of gemcitabine in CCA. CONCLUSIONS Aurora B plays an essential role in CCA progression by modulating c-Myc stability and represents a new target for treatment and chemosensitization in CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuxuan Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihao Liu
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zijian Xu
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chongqing Gao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Keke Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Hong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Yao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guohua Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Kumari P, Beeraka NM, Tengli A, Bannimath G, Baath RK, Patil M. Recent Updates on Oncogenic Signaling of Aurora Kinases in Chemosensitive, Chemoresistant Cancers: Novel Medicinal Chemistry Approaches for Targeting Aurora Kinases. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:3502-3528. [PMID: 37138483 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230503124408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The Aurora Kinase family (AKI) is composed of serine-threonine protein kinases involved in the modulation of the cell cycle and mitosis. These kinases are required for regulating the adherence of hereditary-related data. Members of this family can be categorized into aurora kinase A (Ark-A), aurora kinase B (Ark-B), and aurora kinase C (Ark-C), consisting of highly conserved threonine protein kinases. These kinases can modulate cell processes such as spindle assembly, checkpoint pathway, and cytokinesis during cell division. The main aim of this review is to explore recent updates on the oncogenic signaling of aurora kinases in chemosensitive/chemoresistant cancers and to explore the various medicinal chemistry approaches to target these kinases. We searched Pubmed, Scopus, NLM, Pubchem, and Relemed to obtain information pertinent to the updated signaling role of aurora kinases and medicinal chemistry approaches and discussed the recently updated roles of each aurora kinases and their downstream signaling cascades in the progression of several chemosensitive/chemoresistant cancers; subsequently, we discussed the natural products (scoulerine, Corynoline, Hesperidin Jadomycin-B, fisetin), and synthetic, medicinal chemistry molecules as aurora kinase inhibitors (AKIs). Several natural products' efficacy was explained as AKIs in chemosensitization and chemoresistant cancers. For instance, novel triazole molecules have been used against gastric cancer, whereas cyanopyridines are used against colorectal cancer and trifluoroacetate derivatives could be used for esophageal cancer. Furthermore, quinolone hydrazine derivatives can be used to target breast cancer and cervical cancer. In contrast, the indole derivatives can be preferred to target oral cancer whereas thiosemicarbazone-indole could be used against prostate cancer, as reported in an earlier investigation against cancerous cells. Moreover, these chemical derivatives can be examined as AKIs through preclinical studies. In addition, the synthesis of novel AKIs through these medicinal chemistry substrates in the laboratory using in silico and synthetic routes could be beneficial to develop prospective novel AKIs to target chemoresistant cancers. This study is beneficial to oncologists, chemists, and medicinal chemists to explore novel chemical moiety synthesis to target specifically the peptide sequences of aurora kinases in several chemoresistant cancer cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Narasimha Murthy Beeraka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
- Department of Human Anatomy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya str., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Anandkumar Tengli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Gurupadayya Bannimath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramandeep Kaur Baath
- Department of Pharmaceautics, IFTM University, Lodhipur Rajput, NH-24 Delhi Road, Moradabad 244102, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mayuri Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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Jiang K, Bai L, Wang C, Xiao X, Cheng Z, Peng H, Liu S. The Aurora kinase inhibitor AT9283 inhibits Burkitt lymphoma growth by regulating Warburg effect. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16581. [PMID: 38099309 PMCID: PMC10720464 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of the kinase inhibitor AT9283 on Burkitt lymphoma (BL) cells and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Methods The effect of AT9283 on the proliferation of BL cell lines was tested using the MTT assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle were measured by flow cytometry. The proteins associated with the cell cycle, apoptosis, and the Warburg effect were detected using Western blotting. Alterations in glycolytic metabolism in terms of glucose intake and lactate concentrations were determined by glucose and lactate assays. Results The current study utilized the GEPIA, the Human Protein Atlas (HAP) database and immunohistochemistry to conduct analyses, which revealed a high expression of Aurora kinases and Warburg effect-related proteins in malignant B-cell lymphoma tissues. AT9283 significantly inhibited the cell proliferation of BL cells and induced G2/M arrest. Additionally, AT9283 induced apoptosis in BL cells and reversed the Warburg effect by increasing glucose uptake and reducing lactate production. Moreover, the protein expression of hexokinase 2, pyruvate kinase M2, and lactate dehydrogenase A was significantly suppressed by AT9283, possibly through the inhibition of c-Myc and HIF-1α protein expression. Conclusion The reversal of the Warburg effect in BL cells and the subsequent inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis were observed by targeting Aurora A and Aurora B with AT9283. This finding may present new therapeutic options and targets for BL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiming Jiang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lihong Bai
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Canfei Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Xiao
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Molecular Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhao Cheng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Molecular Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongling Peng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Molecular Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sufang Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Molecular Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Li Y, Mahadevan NR, Duplaquet L, Hong D, Durmaz YT, Jones KL, Cho H, Morrow M, Protti A, Poitras MJ, Springer BF, Bronson RT, Gong X, Hui YH, Du J, Southard J, Thai T, Li S, Lizotte PH, Gokhale PC, Nguyen QD, Oser MG. Aurora A kinase inhibition induces accumulation of SCLC tumor cells in mitosis with restored interferon signaling to increase response to PD-L1. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101282. [PMID: 37992688 PMCID: PMC10694667 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Despite small cell lung cancers (SCLCs) having a high mutational burden, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunotherapy only modestly increases survival. A subset of SCLCs that lose their ASCL1 neuroendocrine phenotype and restore innate immune signaling (termed the "inflammatory" subtype) have durable responses to PD-L1. Some SCLCs are highly sensitive to Aurora kinase inhibitors, but early-phase trials show short-lived responses, suggesting effective therapeutic combinations are needed to increase their durability. Using immunocompetent SCLC genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) and syngeneic xenografts, we show durable efficacy with the combination of a highly specific Aurora A kinase inhibitor (LSN3321213) and PD-L1. LSN3321213 causes accumulation of tumor cells in mitosis with lower ASCL1 expression and higher expression of interferon target genes and antigen-presentation genes mimicking the inflammatory subtype in a cell-cycle-dependent manner. These data demonstrate that inflammatory gene expression is restored in mitosis in SCLC, which can be exploited by Aurora A kinase inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiang Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Navin R Mahadevan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Leslie Duplaquet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Deli Hong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yavuz T Durmaz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kristen L Jones
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Lurie Family Imaging Center, Center for Biomedical Imaging in Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Hyeonseo Cho
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Murry Morrow
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Lurie Family Imaging Center, Center for Biomedical Imaging in Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Andrea Protti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Lurie Family Imaging Center, Center for Biomedical Imaging in Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Michael J Poitras
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Experimental Therapeutics Core, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Benjamin F Springer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Experimental Therapeutics Core, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Roderick T Bronson
- Division of Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | | | - Jian Du
- Loxo@Lilly, Indianapolis, IN 46225, USA
| | - Jackson Southard
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Translational Immunogenomics Lab, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tran Thai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Shuqiang Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Translational Immunogenomics Lab, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrick H Lizotte
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Prafulla C Gokhale
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Experimental Therapeutics Core, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Quang-De Nguyen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Lurie Family Imaging Center, Center for Biomedical Imaging in Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Matthew G Oser
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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19
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Wang W, Wang X, Tang G, Zhu C, Xiang M, Xiao Q, Zhang ZM, Gao L, Yao SQ. Multitarget inhibitors/probes that target LRRK2 and AURORA A kinases noncovalently and covalently. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:10789-10792. [PMID: 37594149 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03530a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a salicylaldehyde-based, reversible covalent inhibitor (A2) that possesses moderate cellular activity against AURKA with a prolonged residence time and shows significant non-covalent inhibition towards LRRK2. Our results indicated that this multitarget kinase inhibitor may be used as the starting point for future development of more potent, selective and dual-targeting covalent kinase inhibitors against AURKA and LRRK2 for mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
| | - Xuan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
| | - Guanghui Tang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
| | - Chengjun Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Menghua Xiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
| | - Qicai Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
| | - Zhi-Min Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Liqian Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
| | - Shao Q Yao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
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20
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Ramkumar K, Tanimoto A, Della Corte CM, Allison Stewart C, Wang Q, Shen L, Cardnell RJ, Wang J, Polanska UM, Andersen C, Saeh J, Elizabeth Pease J, Travers J, Fabbri G, Gay CM, Urosevic J, Byers LA. Targeting BCL2 Overcomes Resistance and Augments Response to Aurora Kinase B Inhibition by AZD2811 in Small Cell Lung Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:3237-3249. [PMID: 37289191 PMCID: PMC10527398 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Therapeutic resistance to frontline therapy develops rapidly in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Treatment options are also limited by the lack of targetable driver mutations. Therefore, there is an unmet need for developing better therapeutic strategies and biomarkers of response. Aurora kinase B (AURKB) inhibition exploits an inherent genomic vulnerability in SCLC and is a promising therapeutic approach. Here, we identify biomarkers of response and develop rational combinations with AURKB inhibition to improve treatment efficacy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Selective AURKB inhibitor AZD2811 was profiled in a large panel of SCLC cell lines (n = 57) and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Proteomic and transcriptomic profiles were analyzed to identify candidate biomarkers of response and resistance. Effects on polyploidy, DNA damage, and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry and Western blotting. Rational drug combinations were validated in SCLC cell lines and PDX models. RESULTS AZD2811 showed potent growth inhibitory activity in a subset of SCLC, often characterized by, but not limited to, high cMYC expression. Importantly, high BCL2 expression predicted resistance to AURKB inhibitor response in SCLC, independent of cMYC status. AZD2811-induced DNA damage and apoptosis were suppressed by high BCL2 levels, while combining AZD2811 with a BCL2 inhibitor significantly sensitized resistant models. In vivo, sustained tumor growth reduction and regression was achieved even with intermittent dosing of AZD2811 and venetoclax, an FDA-approved BCL2 inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS BCL2 inhibition overcomes intrinsic resistance and enhances sensitivity to AURKB inhibition in SCLC preclinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavya Ramkumar
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Azusa Tanimoto
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - C. Allison Stewart
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Robert J. Cardnell
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Urszula M. Polanska
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Courtney Andersen
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, USA
| | - Jamal Saeh
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, USA
| | - J. Elizabeth Pease
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jon Travers
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Giulia Fabbri
- Translational Medicine, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, USA
| | - Carl M. Gay
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jelena Urosevic
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lauren A. Byers
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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21
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Gollner A, Heine C, Hofbauer KS. Kinase Degraders, Activators, and Inhibitors: Highlights and Synthesis Routes to the Chemical Probes on opnMe.com, Part 1. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202300031. [PMID: 36825440 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Kinases are among the most important and successful drug targets. Chemical probe compounds have played a critical role in elucidating the role of kinases in many biological pathways. There are currently twelve well-validated chemical probes that target kinases available free-of-cost via the Molecules to Order (M2O) arm of Boehringer Ingelheim's open innovation platform, opnMe.com. Here we present a summary of the key data for each of these probe compounds and the synthesis routes to all twelve compounds. We hope this will aid researchers who use or plan to use these compounds in their research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Gollner
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Boehringer-Gasse, Wien, 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Heine
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, 88400, Biberach, Germany
| | - Karin S Hofbauer
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Boehringer-Gasse, Wien, 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
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22
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Kovacs AH, Zhao D, Hou J. Aurora B Inhibitors as Cancer Therapeutics. Molecules 2023; 28:3385. [PMID: 37110619 PMCID: PMC10144992 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Aurora kinases (A, B, and C) are a family of three isoform serine/threonine kinases that regulate mitosis and meiosis. The Chromosomal Passenger Complex (CPC), which contains Aurora B as an enzymatic component, plays a critical role in cell division. Aurora B in the CPC ensures faithful chromosome segregation and promotes the correct biorientation of chromosomes on the mitotic spindle. Aurora B overexpression has been observed in several human cancers and has been associated with a poor prognosis for cancer patients. Targeting Aurora B with inhibitors is a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. In the past decade, Aurora B inhibitors have been extensively pursued in both academia and industry. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the preclinical and clinical candidates of Aurora B inhibitors as potential anticancer drugs. The recent advances in the field of Aurora B inhibitor development will be highlighted, and the binding interactions between Aurora B and inhibitors based on crystal structures will be presented and discussed to provide insights for the future design of more selective Aurora B inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antal H. Kovacs
- Department of Chemistry, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Dong Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Jinqiang Hou
- Department of Chemistry, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
- Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, 980 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 6V4, Canada
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23
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Chen TM, Huang CM, Setiawan SA, Hsieh MS, Sheen CC, Yeh CT. KDM5D Histone Demethylase Identifies Platinum-Tolerant Head and Neck Cancer Cells Vulnerable to Mitotic Catastrophe. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065310. [PMID: 36982384 PMCID: PMC10049674 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a major contributor to cancer incidence globally and is currently managed by surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. However, local recurrence is the major cause of mortality, indicating the emergence of drug-tolerant persister cells. A specific histone demethylase, namely lysine-specific demethylase 5D (KDM5D), is overexpressed in diverse types of cancers and involved in cancer cell cycle regulation. However, the role of KDM5D in the development of cisplatin-tolerant persister cells remains unexplored. Here, we demonstrated that KDM5D contributes to the development of persister cells. Aurora Kinase B (AURKB) disruption affected the vulnerability of persister cells in a mitotic catastrophe–dependent manner. Comprehensive in silico, in vitro, and in vivo experiments were performed. KDM5D expression was upregulated in HNSCC tumor cells, cancer stem cells, and cisplatin-resistant cells with biologically distinct signaling alterations. In an HNSCC cohort, high KDM5D expression was associated with a poor response to platinum treatment and early disease recurrence. KDM5D knockdown reduced the tolerance of persister cells to platinum agents and caused marked cell cycle deregulation, including the loss of DNA damage prevention, and abnormal mitosis-enhanced cell cycle arrest. By modulating mRNA levels of AURKB, KDM5D promoted the generation of platinum-tolerant persister cells in vitro, leading to the identification of the KDM5D/AURKB axis, which regulates cancer stemness and drug tolerance of HNSCC. Treatment with an AURKB inhibitor, namely barasertib, resulted in a lethal consequence of mitotic catastrophe in HNSCC persister cells. The cotreatment of cisplatin and barasertib suppressed tumor growth in the tumor mouse model. Thus, KDM5D might be involved in the development of persister cells, and AURKB disruption can overcome tolerance to platinum treatment in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taitung Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taitung City 950408, Taiwan;
- Department of Nursing, Tajen University, Pingtung 90741, Taiwan
| | - Syahru Agung Setiawan
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shou Hsieh
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan;
- Department of Dentistry, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 235, Taiwan
- Department of Periodontics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chi Sheen
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan;
- Department of Dentistry, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 235, Taiwan
- Department of Periodontics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-C.S.); (C.-T.Y.); Tel.: +886-2-249-0088 (ext. 8885) (C.-C.S.); +886-2-249-0088 (ext. 8881) (C.-T.Y.); Fax: +886-2-2248-0900 (C.-C.S.); +886-2-2248-0900 (C.-T.Y.)
| | - Chi-Tai Yeh
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Continuing Education Program of Food Biotechnology Applications, College of Science and Engineering, National Taitung University, Taitung 95092, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-C.S.); (C.-T.Y.); Tel.: +886-2-249-0088 (ext. 8885) (C.-C.S.); +886-2-249-0088 (ext. 8881) (C.-T.Y.); Fax: +886-2-2248-0900 (C.-C.S.); +886-2-2248-0900 (C.-T.Y.)
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24
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Xu M, Sun M, Zhang X, Nguyen R, Lei H, Shern JF, Thiele CJ, Liu Z. HAND2 Assists MYCN Enhancer Invasion to Regulate a Noradrenergic Neuroblastoma Phenotype. Cancer Res 2023; 83:686-699. [PMID: 36598365 PMCID: PMC10240397 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-2042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Noradrenergic neuroblastoma is characterized by a core transcriptional regulatory circuitry (CRC) comprised of transcription factors (TF) such as PHOX2B, HAND2, and GATA3, which form a network with MYCN. At normal physiologic levels, MYCN mainly binds to promoters but when aberrantly upregulated as in neuroblastoma, MYCN also binds to enhancers. Here, we investigated how MYCN invades enhancers and whether CRC TFs play a role in this process. HAND2 was found to regulate chromatin accessibility and to assist MYCN binding to enhancers. Moreover, HAND2 cooperated with MYCN to compete with nucleosomes to regulate global gene transcription. The cooperative interaction between MYCN and HAND2 could be targeted with an Aurora A kinase inhibitor plus a histone deacetylase inhibitor, resulting in potent downregulation of both MYCN and the CRC TFs and suppression of MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma tumor growth. This study identifies cooperation between MYCN and HAND2 in neuroblastoma and demonstrates that simultaneously targeting MYCN and CRC TFs is an effective way to treat this aggressive pediatric tumor. SIGNIFICANCE HAND2 and MYCN compete with nucleosomes to regulate global gene transcription and to drive a malignant neuroblastoma phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Xu
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ming Sun
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rosa Nguyen
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jack F. Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carol J. Thiele
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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25
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Casado P, Rio-Machin A, Miettinen JJ, Bewicke-Copley F, Rouault-Pierre K, Krizsan S, Parsons A, Rajeeve V, Miraki-Moud F, Taussig DC, Bödör C, Gribben J, Heckman C, Fitzgibbon J, Cutillas PR. Integrative phosphoproteomics defines two biologically distinct groups of KMT2A rearranged acute myeloid leukaemia with different drug response phenotypes. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:80. [PMID: 36843114 PMCID: PMC9968719 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01288-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients harbouring certain chromosome abnormalities have particularly adverse prognosis. For these patients, targeted therapies have not yet made a significant clinical impact. To understand the molecular landscape of poor prognosis AML we profiled 74 patients from two different centres (in UK and Finland) at the proteomic, phosphoproteomic and drug response phenotypic levels. These data were complemented with transcriptomics analysis for 39 cases. Data integration highlighted a phosphoproteomics signature that define two biologically distinct groups of KMT2A rearranged leukaemia, which we term MLLGA and MLLGB. MLLGA presented increased DOT1L phosphorylation, HOXA gene expression, CDK1 activity and phosphorylation of proteins involved in RNA metabolism, replication and DNA damage when compared to MLLGB and no KMT2A rearranged samples. MLLGA was particularly sensitive to 15 compounds including genotoxic drugs and inhibitors of mitotic kinases and inosine-5-monosphosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) relative to other cases. Intermediate-risk KMT2A-MLLT3 cases were mainly represented in a third group closer to MLLGA than to MLLGB. The expression of IMPDH2 and multiple nucleolar proteins was higher in MLLGA and correlated with the response to IMPDH inhibition in KMT2A rearranged leukaemia, suggesting a role of the nucleolar activity in sensitivity to treatment. In summary, our multilayer molecular profiling of AML with poor prognosis and KMT2A-MLLT3 karyotypes identified a phosphoproteomics signature that defines two biologically and phenotypically distinct groups of KMT2A rearranged leukaemia. These data provide a rationale for the potential development of specific therapies for AML patients characterised by the MLLGA phosphoproteomics signature identified in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Casado
- Cell Signalling and Proteomics Group, Centre for Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M6BQ, UK
| | - Ana Rio-Machin
- Centre for Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M6BQ, UK
| | - Juho J Miettinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland - FIMM, HiLIFE - Helsinki Institute of Life Science, iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Findlay Bewicke-Copley
- Centre for Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M6BQ, UK
| | - Kevin Rouault-Pierre
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M6BQ, UK
| | - Szilvia Krizsan
- HCEMM-SU Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alun Parsons
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland - FIMM, HiLIFE - Helsinki Institute of Life Science, iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vinothini Rajeeve
- Cell Signalling and Proteomics Group, Centre for Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M6BQ, UK
| | - Farideh Miraki-Moud
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
| | - David C Taussig
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
| | - Csaba Bödör
- HCEMM-SU Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - John Gribben
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M6BQ, UK
| | - Caroline Heckman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland - FIMM, HiLIFE - Helsinki Institute of Life Science, iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jude Fitzgibbon
- Centre for Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M6BQ, UK
| | - Pedro R Cutillas
- Cell Signalling and Proteomics Group, Centre for Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M6BQ, UK.
- The Alan Turing Institute, The British Library, 2QR, 96 Euston Rd, London, NW1 2DB, UK.
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26
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Lee IG, Lee BJ. Aurora Kinase A Regulation by Cysteine Oxidative Modification. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020531. [PMID: 36830089 PMCID: PMC9952272 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Aurora kinase A (AURKA), which is a member of serine/threonine kinase family, plays a critical role in regulating mitosis. AURKA has drawn much attention as its dysregulation is critically associated with various cancers, leading to the development of AURKA inhibitors, a new class of anticancer drugs. As the spatiotemporal activity of AURKA critically depends on diverse intra- and inter-molecular factors, including its interaction with various protein cofactors and post-translational modifications, each of these pathways should be exploited for the development of a novel class of AURKA inhibitors other than ATP-competitive inhibitors. Several lines of evidence have recently shown that redox-active molecules can modify the cysteine residues located on the kinase domain of AURKA, thereby regulating its activity. In this review, we present the current understanding of how oxidative modifications of cysteine residues of AURKA, induced by redox-active molecules, structurally and functionally regulate AURKA and discuss their implications in the discovery of novel AURKA inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Gyun Lee
- Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Jin Lee
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
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27
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Wang Y, Xiao L, Yin L, Zhou L, Deng Y, Deng H. Diagnosis, treatment, and genetic characteristics of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32904. [PMID: 36800625 PMCID: PMC9936012 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a highly aggressive and extremely rare hematologic disease with a poor prognosis, involving mainly the skin and bone marrow. The immunophenotype of these tumor cells is characterized by the expression of CD4, CD56, CD123, TCL-1, and CD303. To date, no consensus has been reached on the standard of care for BPDCN. Currently, clinical treatment is mainly based on high-dose chemotherapy combined with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, this treatment method has limitations for elderly, frail, and relapsed/refractory patients. In recent years, breakthroughs in molecular biology and genetics have not only provided new ideas for the diagnosis of BPDCN but also helped develop targeted treatment strategies for this disease. The emergence of targeted drugs has filled the gap left by traditional therapies and shown great clinical promise. This article focuses on the latest advances in genetics and targeted therapies for BPDCN, especially the emerging therapies that may provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of BPDCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yemin Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lili Yin
- Department of Pathology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lv Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yanjuan Deng
- Department of Pathology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Mol. Med. & Genet. Center, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huan Deng
- Department of Pathology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Mol. Med. & Genet. Center, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- * Correspondence: Huan Deng, Department of Pathology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 133 South Guangchang Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330003, China (e-mail: )
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28
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Islam S, Rahaman MH, Yu M, Noll B, Martin JH, Wang S, Head R. Anti-Leukaemic Activity of Rilpivirine Is Mediated by Aurora A Kinase Inhibition. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041044. [PMID: 36831387 PMCID: PMC9954146 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) affects predominantly elderly people and has an incidence of 1% of all cancers and 2% of all cancer deaths. Despite using intensive chemotherapy and allogeneic stem cell transplantation, the treatment options for AML remain open for innovation. Thus, there is a need to explore alternative therapies such as less toxic targeted therapies in AML. Aurora A kinase is a well-established target for the treatment of various cancers, including AML. This kinase plays a pivotal role in the cell-division cycle, particularly in different stages of mitosis, and is also involved in many other cellular regulatory processes. In a previous study, we demonstrated that the anti-viral drug rilpivirine is an Aurora A kinase inhibitor. In the current study, we have further explored the selectivity of rilpivirine for Aurora A kinase inhibition by testing this drug against a panel of 429 kinases. Concurrently, we demonstrated that rilpivirine significantly inhibited the proliferation of AML cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner that was preceded by G2/M cell-cycle arrest leading to the induction of apoptosis. Consistent with its kinase inhibitory role, rilpivirine modulated the expression of critical proteins in the Aurora A kinase-signalling pathway. Importantly, orally administered rilpivirine significantly inhibited tumour growth in an HL-60 xenograft model without showing body weight changes or other clinical signs of toxicity. Furthermore, rilpivirine enhanced the anti-proliferative efficacy of the conventional anti-leukaemic chemotherapeutic agent cytarabine. Collectively, these findings provide the stimulus to explore further the anti-leukaemic activity of the anti-viral drug rilpivirine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiful Islam
- Drug Discovery and Development, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Muhammed H. Rahaman
- Drug Discovery and Development, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Mingfeng Yu
- Drug Discovery and Development, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Benjamin Noll
- Drug Discovery and Development, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Jennifer H. Martin
- Centre for Human Drug Repurposing and Medicines Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Shudong Wang
- Drug Discovery and Development, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Richard Head
- Drug Discovery and Development, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Swamy P M G, Abbas N, Dhiwar PS, Singh E, Ghara A, Das A. Discovery of potential Aurora-A kinase inhibitors by 3D QSAR pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening, docking, and MD simulation studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:125-146. [PMID: 34809538 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.2004236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The Aurora-kinase family comprises of cell cycle-regulated serine/threonine kinases playing a vital role during mitosis. Aurora-A kinase is involved in multiple mitotic events in cell cycle and is a major regulator of centrosome function during mitosis. Aurora-A is overexpressed in breast, lung, colon, ovarian, glial, and pancreatic cancer. Hence, Aurora-A kinase is a promising target in cancer therapy. In our current study, a four-point 3D QSAR pharmacophore model has been generated using substituted pyrimidine class of Aurora-A kinase inhibitors. It had a fixed cost value 88.7429. The model mapped well to the external test set comprising of clinically active molecules, with a correlation coefficient r = 0.99. From the mapping, it was found that the hydrophobic features (HY) of a molecule play an important role for Aurora-A kinase inhibitory activity, whereas the ring aromatic feature provides geometric constraint for spatial alignment of different functional group. The hypothesis, with one hydrogen bond acceptor, two ring aromatic features, and one hydrophobic feature, was selected to screen miniMaybridge database. The screened ligands were filtered on the basis of activity, shape, and drug likeliness. This led to the identification of five top hits. These identified potential leads were further subjected to docking with the ATP-binding site of Aurora-A kinase. The molecular dynamic simulation studies of top lead molecules having diverse scaffolds endorsed that the identified molecules had distinctive ability to inhibit Aurora-A kinase. Thus, this study may facilitate the medicinal chemists to design promising ligands with various scaffolds to inhibit Aurora-A kinase. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurubasavaraja Swamy P M
- Integrated drug discovery center, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
| | - Nahid Abbas
- Integrated drug discovery center, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
| | - Prasad Sanjay Dhiwar
- Integrated drug discovery center, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ekta Singh
- Integrated drug discovery center, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
| | - Abhishek Ghara
- Integrated drug discovery center, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
| | - Arka Das
- Integrated drug discovery center, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
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Patra D, Bhavya K, Ramprasad P, Kalia M, Pal D. Anti-cancer drug molecules targeting cancer cell cycle and proliferation. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 135:343-395. [PMID: 37061337 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2022.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Cancer, a vicious clinical burden that potentiates maximum fatality for humankind, arises due to unregulated excessive cell division and proliferation through an eccentric expression of cell cycle regulator proteins. A set of evolutionarily conserved machinery controls the cell cycle in an extremely precise manner so that a cell that went through the cycle can produce a genetically identical copy. To achieve perfection, several checkpoints were placed in the cycle for surveillance; so, errors during the division were rectified by the repair strategies. However, irreparable damage leads to exit from the cell cycle and induces programmed cell death. In comparison to a normal cell, cancer cells facilitate the constitutive activation of many dormant proteins and impede negative regulators of the checkpoint. Extensive studies in the last few decades on cell division and proliferation of cancer cells elucidate the molecular mechanism of the cell-cycle regulators that are often targeted for the development of anti-cancer therapy. Each phase of the cell cycle has been regulated by a unique set of proteins including master regulators Cyclins, and CDKs, along with the accessory proteins such as CKI, Cdc25, error-responsive proteins, and various kinase proteins mainly WEE1 kinases, Polo-like kinases, and Aurora kinases that control cell division. Here in this chapter, we have analytically discussed the role of cell cycle regulators and proliferation factors in cancer progression and the rationale of using various cell cycle-targeting drug molecules as anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarun Patra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India
| | - Kumari Bhavya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India
| | - Palla Ramprasad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India
| | - Moyna Kalia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India
| | - Durba Pal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India.
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Rivera-Rivera Y, Vargas G, Jaiswal N, Núñez-Marrero A, Li J, Chen DT, Eschrich S, Rosa M, Johnson JO, Dutil J, Chellappan SP, Saavedra HI. Ethnic and racial-specific differences in levels of centrosome-associated mitotic kinases, proliferative and epithelial-to-mesenchymal markers in breast cancers. Cell Div 2022; 17:6. [PMID: 36494865 PMCID: PMC9733043 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-022-00082-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular epidemiology evidence indicates racial and ethnic differences in the aggressiveness and survival of breast cancer. Hispanics/Latinas (H/Ls) and non-Hispanic Black women (NHB) are at higher risk of breast cancer (BC)-related death relative to non-Hispanic white (NHW) women in part because they are diagnosed with hormone receptor-negative (HR) subtype and at higher stages. Since the cell cycle is one of the most commonly deregulated cellular processes in cancer, we propose that the mitotic kinases TTK (or Mps1), TBK1, and Nek2 could be novel targets to prevent breast cancer progression among NHBs and H/Ls. In this study, we calculated levels of TTK, p-TBK1, epithelial (E-cadherin), mesenchymal (Vimentin), and proliferation (Ki67) markers through immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of breast cancer tissue microarrays (TMAs) that includes samples from 6 regions in the Southeast of the United States and Puerto Rico -regions enriched with NHB and H/L breast cancer patients. IHC analysis showed that TTK, Ki67, and Vimentin were significantly expressed in triple-negative (TNBC) tumors relative to other subtypes, while E-cadherin showed decreased expression. TTK correlated with all of the clinical variables but p-TBK1 did not correlate with any of them. TCGA analysis revealed that the mRNA levels of multiple mitotic kinases, including TTK, Nek2, Plk1, Bub1, and Aurora kinases A and B, and transcription factors that are known to control the expression of these kinases (e.g. FoxM1 and E2F1-3) were upregulated in NHBs versus NHWs and correlated with higher aneuploidy indexes in NHB, suggesting that these mitotic kinases may be future novel targets for breast cancer treatment in NHB women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yainyrette Rivera-Rivera
- Pharmacology and Cancer Biology Division, Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, 7004, Ponce, PR, 00716-2347, USA
| | - Geraldine Vargas
- Pharmacology and Cancer Biology Division, Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, 7004, Ponce, PR, 00716-2347, USA
| | - Neha Jaiswal
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Angel Núñez-Marrero
- Biochemistry and Cancer Biology Division, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - Jiannong Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Dung-Tsa Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Steven Eschrich
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Marilin Rosa
- Departments of Anatomic Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | | | - Julie Dutil
- Biochemistry and Cancer Biology Division, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - Srikumar P Chellappan
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Harold I Saavedra
- Pharmacology and Cancer Biology Division, Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, 7004, Ponce, PR, 00716-2347, USA.
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Masand VH, Al-Hussain SA, Rathore MM, Thakur SD, Akasapu S, Samad A, Al-Mutairi AA, Zaki MEA. Pharmacophore Synergism in Diverse Scaffold Clinches in Aurora Kinase B. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314527. [PMID: 36498857 PMCID: PMC9739353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aurora kinase B (AKB) is a crucial signaling kinase with an important role in cell division. Therefore, inhibition of AKB is an attractive approach to the treatment of cancer. In the present work, extensive quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) analysis has been performed using a set of 561 structurally diverse aurora kinase B inhibitors. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines were used to develop a QSAR model that has high statistical performance (R2tr = 0.815, Q2LMO = 0.808, R2ex = 0.814, CCCex = 0.899). The seven-variable-based newly developed QSAR model has an excellent balance of external predictive ability (Predictive QSAR) and mechanistic interpretation (Mechanistic QSAR). The QSAR analysis successfully identifies not only the visible pharmacophoric features but also the hidden features. The analysis indicates that the lipophilic and polar groups-especially the H-bond capable groups-must be present at a specific distance from each other. Moreover, the ring nitrogen and ring carbon atoms play important roles in determining the inhibitory activity for AKB. The analysis effectively captures reported as well as unreported pharmacophoric features. The results of the present analysis are also supported by the reported crystal structures of inhibitors bound to AKB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay H. Masand
- Department of Chemistry, Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya, Amravati 444602, Maharashtra, India
- Correspondence: (V.H.M.); (M.E.A.Z.)
| | - Sami A. Al-Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mithilesh M. Rathore
- Department of Chemistry, Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya, Amravati 444602, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sumer D. Thakur
- Department of Chemistry, RDIK and NKD College, Badnera, Amravati 444701, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Abdul Samad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Aamal A. Al-Mutairi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdi E. A. Zaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (V.H.M.); (M.E.A.Z.)
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Slade L, Biswas D, Kienesberger PC, Pulinilkunnil T. Loss of transcription factor EB dysregulates the G1/S transition and DNA replication in mammary epithelial cells. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102692. [PMID: 36372230 PMCID: PMC9764199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) poses significant challenges for treatment given the lack of targeted therapies and increased probability of relapse. It is pertinent to identify vulnerabilities in TNBC and develop newer treatments. Our prior research demonstrated that transcription factor EB (TFEB) is necessary for TNBC survival by regulating DNA repair, apoptosis signaling, and the cell cycle. However, specific mechanisms by which TFEB targets DNA repair and cell cycle pathways are unclear, and whether these effects dictate TNBC survival is yet to be determined. Here, we show that TFEB knockdown decreased the expression of genes and proteins involved in DNA replication and cell cycle progression in MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells. DNA replication was decreased in cells lacking TFEB, as measured by EdU incorporation. TFEB silencing in MDA-MB-231 and noncancerous MCF10A cells impaired progression through the S-phase following G1/S synchronization; however, this proliferation defect could not be rescued by co-knockdown of suppressor RB1. Instead, TFEB knockdown reduced origin licensing in G1 and early S-phase MDA-MB-231 cells. TFEB silencing was associated with replication stress in MCF10A but not in TNBC cells. Lastly, we identified that TFEB knockdown renders TNBC cells more sensitive to inhibitors of Aurora Kinase A, a protein facilitating mitosis. Thus, inhibition of TFEB impairs cell cycle progress by decreasing origin licensing, leading to delayed entry into the S-phase, while rendering TNBC cells sensitive to Aurora kinase A inhibitors and decreasing cell viability. In contrast, TFEB silencing in noncancerous cells is associated with replication stress and leads to G1/S arrest.
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Singh M, Haque MA, Tikhomirov AS, Shchekotikhin AE, Das U, Kaur P. Computational and Biophysical Characterization of Heterocyclic Derivatives of Anthraquinone against Human Aurora Kinase A. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:39603-39618. [PMID: 36385832 PMCID: PMC9647706 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Human Aurora kinase A (AurA) has recently garnered the attention of researchers worldwide as a promising effective mitotic drug target for its involvement in cancer and related inflammatory anomalies. This study has explored the binding affinity of newly identified heteroarene-fused anthraquinone derivatives against AurA. Molecular docking analyses showed that all the heteroanthraquinone compounds bind to AurA with different affinities. Molecular dynamics simulation studies revealed that the compounds maintained relatively stable binding modes in the active site pocket while inducing minimal conformational changes in the AurA structure, interacting with key residues through several noncovalent interactions, including hydrogen bonds. Fluorescence spectroscopy and biolayer interferometry binding assays with synthesized compounds against recombinantly expressed AurA further verified their binding efficacy. Naphthoisatine 3 proved to be the best binder, with compounds anthraimidazole 5 and anthrathiophene 2 showing comparable results. Overall, this study indicates decent binding of heterocyclic derivatives of anthraquinone with the target AurA, which can further be assessed by performing enzymatic assays and cellular studies. The studies also highlight the applicability of the heteroarene-fused anthraquinone scaffold to construct selective and potent inhibitors of Aurora kinases after necessary structural modifications for the development of new anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Singh
- Department
of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi110029, India
| | - Md. Anzarul Haque
- Department
of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi110029, India
| | | | | | - Uddipan Das
- Department
of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi110029, India
| | - Punit Kaur
- Department
of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi110029, India
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Bousset L, Gil J. Targeting senescence as an anticancer therapy. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:3855-3880. [PMID: 36065138 PMCID: PMC9627790 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a stress response elicited by different molecular insults. Senescence results in cell cycle exit and is characterised by multiple phenotypic changes such as the production of a bioactive secretome. Senescent cells accumulate during ageing and are present in cancerous and fibrotic lesions. Drugs that selectively kill senescent cells (senolytics) have shown great promise for the treatment of age-related diseases. Senescence plays paradoxical roles in cancer. Induction of senescence limits cancer progression and contributes to therapy success, but lingering senescent cells fuel progression, recurrence, and metastasis. In this review, we describe the intricate relation between senescence and cancer. Moreover, we enumerate how current anticancer therapies induce senescence in tumour cells and how senolytic agents could be deployed to complement anticancer therapies. "One-two punch" therapies aim to first induce senescence in the tumour followed by senolytic treatment to target newly exposed vulnerabilities in senescent tumour cells. "One-two punch" represents an emerging and promising new strategy in cancer treatment. Future challenges of "one-two punch" approaches include how to best monitor senescence in cancer patients to effectively survey their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bousset
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS)UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS)Imperial College LondonUK
| | - Jesús Gil
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS)UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS)Imperial College LondonUK
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Hang J, Ouyang H, Wei F, Zhong Q, Yuan W, Jiang L, Liu Z. Proteomics and phosphoproteomics of chordoma biopsies reveal alterations in multiple pathways and aberrant kinases activities. Front Oncol 2022; 12:941046. [PMID: 36248973 PMCID: PMC9563620 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.941046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chordoma is a slow-growing but malignant subtype of bone sarcoma with relatively high recurrence rates and high resistance to chemotherapy. It is urgent to understand the underlying regulatory networks to determine more effective potential targets. Phosphorylative regulation is currently regarded as playing a significant role in tumorigenesis, and the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in clinical practice has yielded new promise for the treatment of a variety of sarcoma types. Materials and methods We performed comprehensive proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses of chordoma using four-dimensional label-free liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and bioinformatics analysis. The potential aberrantly expressed kinases and their functions were validated using western blotting and CCK-8 assays. Results Compared with paired normal muscle tissues, 1,139 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and 776 differentially phosphorylated proteins (DPPs) were identified in chordoma tumor tissues. The developmentally significant Wnt-signaling pathway and oxidative phosphorylation were aberrant in chordoma. Moreover, we predicted three kinases (AURA, CDK9, and MOK) with elevated activity by kinase-pathway network analysis (KiPNA) and verified their increased expression levels. The knockdown of these kinases markedly suppressed chordoma cell growth, and this was also the case for cells treated with the CDK9 inhibitor AZD4573. We additionally examined 208 proteins whose expression and phosphorylation levels were synergetically altered. Conclusions We herein depicted the collective protein profiles of chordomas, providing insight into chordomagenesis and the potential development of new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, China
| | - Hanqiang Ouyang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qihang Zhong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wanqiong Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhongjun Liu, ; Liang Jiang, ; Wanqiong Yuan,
| | - Liang Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhongjun Liu, ; Liang Jiang, ; Wanqiong Yuan,
| | - Zhongjun Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhongjun Liu, ; Liang Jiang, ; Wanqiong Yuan,
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Listro R, Rossino G, Piaggi F, Sonekan FF, Rossi D, Linciano P, Collina S. Urea-based anticancer agents. Exploring 100-years of research with an eye to the future. Front Chem 2022; 10:995351. [PMID: 36186578 PMCID: PMC9520293 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.995351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Suramin was the first urea-based drug to be approved in clinic, and in the following century a number of milestone drugs based on this scaffold were developed. Indeed, urea soon became a privileged scaffold in medicinal chemistry for its capability to establish a peculiar network of drug-target interactions, for its physicochemical properties that are useful for tuning the druggability of the new chemical entities, and for its structural and synthetic versatility that opened the door to numerous drug design possibilities. In this review, we highlight the relevance of the urea moiety in the medicinal chemistry scenario of anticancer drugs with a special focus on the kinase inhibitors for which this scaffold represented and still represents a pivotal pharmacophoric feature. A general outlook on the approved drugs, recent patents, and current research in this field is herein provided, and the role of the urea moiety in the drug discovery process is discussed form a medicinal chemistry standpoint. We believe that the present review can benefit both academia and pharmaceutical companies' medicinal chemists to prompt research towards new urea derivatives as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Listro
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giacomo Rossino
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Federica Piaggi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Falilat Folasade Sonekan
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panoz Institute, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Daniela Rossi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Simona Collina
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Cacioppo R, Lindon C. Regulating the regulator: a survey of mechanisms from transcription to translation controlling expression of mammalian cell cycle kinase Aurora A. Open Biol 2022; 12:220134. [PMID: 36067794 PMCID: PMC9448500 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.220134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aurora Kinase A (AURKA) is a positive regulator of mitosis with a strict cell cycle-dependent expression pattern. Recently, novel oncogenic roles of AURKA have been uncovered that are independent of the kinase activity and act within multiple signalling pathways, including cell proliferation, survival and cancer stem cell phenotypes. For this, cellular abundance of AURKA protein is per se crucial and must be tightly fine-tuned. Indeed, AURKA is found overexpressed in different cancers, typically as a result of gene amplification or enhanced transcription. It has however become clear that impaired processing, decay and translation of AURKA mRNA can also offer the basis for altered AURKA levels. Accordingly, the involvement of gene expression mechanisms controlling AURKA expression in human diseases is increasingly recognized and calls for much more research. Here, we explore and create an integrated view of the molecular processes regulating AURKA expression at the level of transcription, post-transcription and translation, intercalating discussion on how impaired regulation underlies disease. Given that targeting AURKA levels might affect more functions compared to inhibiting the kinase activity, deeper understanding of its gene expression may aid the design of alternative and therapeutically more successful ways of suppressing the AURKA oncogene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Cacioppo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Catherine Lindon
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
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Beniwal M, Jain N, Jain S, Aggarwal N. Design, synthesis, anticancer evaluation and docking studies of novel 2-(1-isonicotinoyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-3-phenylthiazolidin-4-one derivatives as Aurora-A kinase inhibitors. BMC Chem 2022; 16:61. [PMID: 35978438 PMCID: PMC9382805 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-022-00852-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aurora-A kinase is associated with the Aurora kinase family which has been considered a striking anticancer target for the treatment of human cancers. OBJECTIVE To design, synthesize, anticancer evaluation, and docking studies of novel 2-(1-isonicotinoyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-3-phenylthiazolidin-4-one derivatives as Aurora-A Kinase inhibitors. METHOD A total of 21 Pyrazole derivatives P (1-21) were synthesized by using the Vilsmeier Haack reagent which was characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and Mass spectroscopy. The synthesized derivatives were evaluated for their potential in vitro anticancer activity by MTT assay and Aurora-A kinase inhibition assay. RESULTS The cytotoxicity assay (MTT assay) showed that compound P-6 exhibited potent cytotoxicity (IC50 = 0.37-0.44 μM) against two cancer (HCT 116 and MCF-7) cell lines, which were comparable to the standard compound, VX-680. Compound P-6 also showed inhibition of Aurora-A kinase with an IC50 value of 0.11 ± 0.03 µM. A Docking study was done to compound P-6 and P-20 into the active site of Aurora A kinase, in order to get the probable binding model for further study. CONCLUSION A series of 21 novel pyrazole derivatives P(1-21) were designed, synthesized, in vitro anticancer evaluation, and docking studies for Aurora A kinase inhibition. The results established that P-6 is a prospective aspirant for the development of anticancer agents targeting Aurora-A kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenu Beniwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Bhagat Phool Singh Mahila Vishwavidyalaya, Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana, 131301, India
| | - Neelam Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Bhagat Phool Singh Mahila Vishwavidyalaya, Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana, 131301, India
| | - Sandeep Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Navidha Aggarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India. .,MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India.
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40
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Rosin Derivative IDOAMP Inhibits Prostate Cancer Growth via Activating RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9325973. [PMID: 35965682 PMCID: PMC9371855 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9325973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Rosin derivatives such as dehydroabietic acid and dehydroabietic amine belonging to diterpenoids have similar structure with androgen that inhibited the occurrence and development of prostate cancer. In this study, the effects and possible mechanism of the rosin derivative IDOAMP on prostate cancer were investigated. Our results showed that IDOAMP effectively inhibited cell viabilities of LNCaP, PC3, and DU145 prostate cells. After the treatment with IDOAMP, the levels of cleaved-PARP, LC3BII/I, and HMGB1 were increased, whereas the expression of GPX4 was decreased. Interestingly, cell viability was reversed by the supplements of necrostatin-1 and necrosulfonamide. Meanwhile, the IDOAMP downregulated the expression of human Aurora kinase A that was overexpressed in prostate cancer. In addition, co-IP results showed that IDOAMP inhibited the binding of Aurora kinase A to the receptor-interacting serine/threonine kinase 1 (RIPK1) and RIPK3. However, the binding of RIPK1 to FADD, RIPK3, or MLKL was significantly promoted. Further studies showed that the phosphorylation levels of RIPK1, RIPK, and MLKL were increased in a concentration-dependent manner. In in vivo model, IDOAMP reduced the tumor volumes and weights. In conclusion, IDOAMP directly inhibited Aurora kinase A and promoted the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL necrosome activation to inhibit the prostate cancer.
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41
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Chen JA, Huynh JC, Wu CY, Yu AM, Matsukuma K, Semrad TJ, Gandara DR, Li T, Riess JW, Tam K, Mack PC, Martinez A, Mahaffey N, Kelly KL, Kim EJ. A phase I dose escalation, dose expansion and pharmacokinetic trial of gemcitabine and alisertib in advanced solid tumors and pancreatic cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2022; 90:217-228. [PMID: 35907014 PMCID: PMC9402746 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-022-04457-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aurora Kinase A (AKA) inhibition with gemcitabine represents a potentially synergistic cancer treatment strategy via mitotic catastrophe. The feasibility, safety, and preliminary efficacy of alisertib (MLN8237), an oral AKA inhibitor, with gemcitabine was evaluated in this open-label phase I trial with dose escalation and expansion. METHODS Key inclusion criteria included advanced solid tumor with any number of prior chemotherapy regimens in the dose escalation phase, and advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma with up to two prior chemotherapy regimens. Four dose levels (DLs 1-4) of alisertib (20, 30, 40, or 50 mg) were evaluated in 3 + 3 design with gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15 in 28-day cycles. RESULTS In total, 21 subjects were treated in dose escalation and 5 subjects were treated in dose expansion at DL4. Dose-limiting toxicities were observed in 1 of 6 subjects each in DL3 and DL4. All subjects experienced treatment-related adverse events. Grade ≥ 3 treatment-related adverse events were observed in 73% of subjects, with neutropenia observed in 54%. Out of 22 subjects evaluable for response, 2 subjects (9%) had partial response and 14 subjects (64%) had stable disease. Median PFS was 4.1 months (95% CI 2.1-4.5). No significant changes in pharmacokinetic parameters for gemcitabine or its metabolite dFdU were observed with alisertib co-administration. CONCLUSIONS This trial established the recommended phase 2 dose of alisertib 50 mg to be combined with gemcitabine. Gemcitabine and alisertib are a feasible strategy with potential for disease control in multiple heavily pre-treated tumors, though gastrointestinal and hematologic toxicity was apparent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin A Chen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, 4501 X Street, Suite 3016, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Jasmine C Huynh
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, 4501 X Street, Suite 3016, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Chun-Yi Wu
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacokinetics Core Facility, University of California, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Ai-Ming Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Karen Matsukuma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Thomas J Semrad
- Gene Upshaw Memorial Tahoe Forest Cancer Center, Truckee, CA, 96161, USA
| | - David R Gandara
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, 4501 X Street, Suite 3016, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Tianhong Li
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, 4501 X Street, Suite 3016, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Jonathan W Riess
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, 4501 X Street, Suite 3016, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Kit Tam
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, 4501 X Street, Suite 3016, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Philip C Mack
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Anthony Martinez
- Office of Clinical Research, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Nichole Mahaffey
- Office of Clinical Research, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Karen L Kelly
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, 4501 X Street, Suite 3016, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Edward J Kim
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, 4501 X Street, Suite 3016, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
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42
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Aurora-A/FOXO3A/SKP2 axis promotes tumor progression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma and dual-targeting Aurora-A/SKP2 shows synthetic lethality. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:606. [PMID: 35831273 PMCID: PMC9279325 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04973-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common malignant tumor in the world. Histologically, most of RCC is classified as clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), which is the most prevalent subtype. The overall survival of patients with ccRCC is poor, thus it is urgent to further explore its mechanism and target. S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2) is overexpressed in a variety of human cancers and is associated with poor prognosis by enhancing tumor progression. However, it is unclear whether or how SKP2 is involved in ccRCC progression. Here, we reported that overexpression of SKP2 enhanced cell proliferation of ccRCC, while SKP2 depletion exhibited the opposite effect. Bioinformatic analyses found that SKP2 was positively correlated with Aurora-A (Aur-A) in ccRCC. The protein and mRNA levels of SKP2 were elevated or reduced by Aur-A overexpression or silencing, respectively. It was further found that Aur-A caused an increase phosphorylation of FOXO3A, which is a negatively transcription factor for SKP2. Interestingly, SKP2 mediated ubiquitylation and degradation of FOXO3A depend on the kinase activity of Aur-A. The combination of Aur-A inhibitor MLN8237 and SKP2 inhibitor SZL P1-41 showed a synergistic tumor growth inhibition in vivo and in vitro of ccRCC models. Thus, our data reveal that Aurora-A/FOXO3A/SKP2 axis promotes tumor progression in ccRCC, and the double inhibition of SKP2 and Aur-A shows significant synergistic effect, which indicates a potential new therapeutic strategy for ccRCC.
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43
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Park S, Lee AY, Cho KC, Jung JH, Hong SH, Kim S, Kim KP, Park J, Cho MH. FCH domain only 1 (FCHo1), a potential new biomarker for lung cancer. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:901-907. [PMID: 34413495 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-021-00376-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Lung carcinoma is the main reason for cancer-associated deaths in the world. In a previous study, FCH domain only 1 (FCHo1) which is managed by protein kinase B (AKT), was shown to be activated in lung cancer. FCHo1 knockdown has previously been shown to cause cell death in lung cancer. However, the specific roles of FCHo1 in lung carcinoma remain elusive. Herein, we propose that FCHo1's intracellular mechanism targets the G1 to S phase transition, following the M phase. We demonstrated that F-BAR and mu homology domains exist separately in human lung tissues and that one truncated form is not detected in patients with lung cancer. Furthermore, quantitative global proteome analysis of FCHo1 indicated that the inhibition of G1/S phase transition and FCHo1 RNAi led to the death of cells in the G1/S phase. Noninvasive viral aerosol-mediated delivery of FCHo1 shRNA suppressed cancer progression in mice with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), suggesting that the delivery of FCHo1 shRNA could be a meaningful therapeutic strategy in lung cancer. Additional studies are needed to make clear the detailed mechanism of action of FCHo1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin Park
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ah Young Lee
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Cho Cho
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Natural Science, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hun Jung
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Natural Science, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Hong
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Bio Medicine Laboratory, CKD Research Institute, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghwa Kim
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Pyo Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Natural Science, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jongsun Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myung-Haing Cho
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Yang Y, Santos DM, Pantano L, Knipe R, Abe E, Logue A, Pronzati G, Black KE, Spinney JJ, Giacona F, Bieler M, Godbout C, Nicklin P, Wyatt D, Tager AM, Seither P, Herrmann FE, Medoff BD. Screening for Inhibitors of YAP Nuclear Localization Identifies Aurora Kinase A as a Modulator of Lung Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 67:36-49. [PMID: 35377835 PMCID: PMC9798384 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0428oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive lung disease with limited therapeutic options that is characterized by pathological fibroblast activation and aberrant lung remodeling with scar formation. YAP (Yes-associated protein) is a transcriptional coactivator that mediates mechanical and biochemical signals controlling fibroblast activation. We previously identified HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A) reductase inhibitors (statins) as YAP inhibitors based on a high-throughput small-molecule screen in primary human lung fibroblasts. Here we report that several Aurora kinase inhibitors were also identified from the top hits of this screen. MK-5108, a highly selective inhibitor for AURKA (Aurora kinase A), induced YAP phosphorylation and cytoplasmic retention and significantly reduced profibrotic gene expression in human lung fibroblasts. The inhibitory effect on YAP nuclear translocation and profibrotic gene expression is specific to inhibition of AURKA, but not Aurora kinase B or C, and is independent of the Hippo pathway kinases LATS1 and LATS2 (Large Tumor Suppressor 1 and 2). Further characterization of the effects of MK-5108 demonstrate that it inhibits YAP nuclear localization indirectly via effects on actin polymerization and TGFβ (Transforming Growth Factor β) signaling. In addition, MK-5108 treatment reduced lung collagen deposition in the bleomycin mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis. Our results reveal a novel role for AURKA in YAP-mediated profibrotic activity in fibroblasts and highlight the potential of small-molecule screens for YAP inhibitors for identification of novel agents with antifibrotic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniela M Santos
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lorena Pantano
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rachel Knipe
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elizabeth Abe
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amanda Logue
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gina Pronzati
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Katharine E Black
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jillian J Spinney
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Francesca Giacona
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrew M Tager
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Franziska E Herrmann
- Immunology and Respiratory Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Benjamin D Medoff
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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45
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Dinh TA, Utria AF, Barry KC, Ma R, Abou-Alfa GK, Gordan JD, Jaffee EM, Scott JD, Zucman-Rossi J, O’Neill AF, Furth ME, Sethupathy P. A framework for fibrolamellar carcinoma research and clinical trials. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 19:328-342. [PMID: 35190728 PMCID: PMC9516439 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-022-00580-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC), a rare, lethal hepatic cancer, occurs primarily in adolescents and young adults. Unlike hepatocellular carcinoma, FLC has no known association with viral, metabolic or chemical agents that cause cirrhosis. Currently, surgical resection is the only treatment demonstrated to achieve cure, and no standard of care exists for systemic therapy. Progress in FLC research illuminates a transition from an obscure cancer to one for which an interactive community seems poised to uncover fundamental mechanisms and initiate translation towards novel therapies. In this Roadmap, we review advances since the seminal discovery in 2014 that nearly all FLC tumours express a signature oncogene (DNAJB1-PRKACA) encoding a fusion protein (DNAJ-PKAc) in which the J-domain of a heat shock protein 40 (HSP40) co-chaperone replaces an amino-terminal segment of the catalytic subunit of the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). Important gains include increased understanding of oncogenic pathways driven by DNAJ-PKAc; identification of potential therapeutic targets; development of research models; elucidation of immune mechanisms with potential for the development of immunotherapies; and completion of the first multicentre clinical trials of targeted therapy for FLC. In each of these key areas we propose a Roadmap for future progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A. Dinh
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.,These authors contributed equally: Timothy A. Dinh, Alan F. Utria, Kevin C. Barry
| | - Alan F. Utria
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,These authors contributed equally: Timothy A. Dinh, Alan F. Utria, Kevin C. Barry
| | - Kevin C. Barry
- Translational Research Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.,These authors contributed equally: Timothy A. Dinh, Alan F. Utria, Kevin C. Barry
| | - Rosanna Ma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Ghassan K. Abou-Alfa
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College at Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - John D. Gordan
- Gastrointestinal oncology, University of California at San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth M. Jaffee
- Department of oncology, Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John D. Scott
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jessica Zucman-Rossi
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne université, Inserm, Université de Paris, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors, Paris, France
| | - Allison F. O’Neill
- Department of Paediatric Hematology/oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark E. Furth
- Fibrolamellar Cancer Foundation, Greenwich, CT, USA.,;
| | - Praveen Sethupathy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.,;
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46
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Islam MR, Fahmy H. Thiazolopyrimidine Scaffold as a Promising Nucleus for Developing Anticancer Drugs: a Review in Last Decade. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2022; 22:2942-2955. [PMID: 35410622 DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666220411110528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The thiazolopyrimidine nucleus is a bioisostericanalog of purine and an important class of N-containing heterocycles. Thiazolopyrimidine scaffolds are considered a promising class of bioactive compounds that encompass diverse biological activities such as antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anticancer, corticotrophin-releasing factor antagonists, anti-inflammatory, antituberculosis, and glutamic receptors antagonists. Despite the importance of thiazolopyrimidines from a pharmacological viewpoint, there is hardly a comprehensive review on this important heterocyclic nucleus. Throughout the years, those scaffolds have been studied extensively for its anticancer properties and several compounds were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their anticancer effects with activity in the µM to nM range. However, there are hardly any reviews covering the anticancer effects of thiazolopyrimidines. In this review, an effort was made to compile literatures covering the anticancer activity of thiazolopyrimidines reported in the last decade (2010-2020). Nearly thirty articles were reviewed and compounds which IC50 < 50 µM against at least 50% of the used cell lines were listed in this review. The best ten compounds (10a, 14b, 17g, 18,25e, 25k, 34e, 41i, 49a, & 49c) show the best anticancer activity against the corresponding cell lines during the last 10 years are highlighted. By highlighting the most active compounds, this review article sheds light on the structural features associated with the strongest anticancer effects to provide guidance to future research aiming to develop anticancer molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rabiul Islam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Professions, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Hesham Fahmy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Professions, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
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47
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Luteolin Causes 5'CpG Demethylation of the Promoters of TSGs and Modulates the Aberrant Histone Modifications, Restoring the Expression of TSGs in Human Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23074067. [PMID: 35409426 PMCID: PMC8999529 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23074067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer progression is linked to abnormal epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation and histone modifications. Since epigenetic alterations, unlike genetic changes, are heritable and reversible, they have been considered as interesting targets for cancer prevention and therapy by dietary compounds such as luteolin. In this study, epigenetic modulatory behaviour of luteolin was analysed on HeLa cells. Various assays including colony forming and migration assays, followed by biochemical assays of epigenetic enzymes including DNA methyltransferase, histone methyl transferase, histone acetyl transferase, and histone deacetylases assays were performed. Furthermore, global DNA methylation and methylation-specific PCR for examining the methylation status of CpG promoters of various tumour suppressor genes (TSGs) and the expression of these TSGs at transcript and protein level were performed. It was observed that luteolin inhibited migration and colony formation in HeLa cells. It also modulated DNA methylation at promoters of TSGs and the enzymatic activity of DNMT, HDAC, HMT, and HAT and reduced the global DNA methylation. Decrease in methylation resulted in the reactivation of silenced tumour suppressor genes including FHIT, DAPK1, PTEN, CDH1, SOCS1, TIMPS, VHL, TP53, TP73, etc. Hence, luteolin-targeted epigenetic alterations provide a promising approach for cancer prevention and intervention.
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48
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Yoo S, Sinha A, Yang D, Altorki NK, Tandon R, Wang W, Chavez D, Lee E, Patel AS, Sato T, Kong R, Ding B, Schadt EE, Watanabe H, Massion PP, Borczuk AC, Zhu J, Powell CA. Integrative network analysis of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma identifies aurora kinase inhibition as interceptor of invasion and progression. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1592. [PMID: 35332150 PMCID: PMC8948234 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29230-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we focus on the molecular characterization of clinically significant histological subtypes of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (esLUAD), which is the most common histological subtype of lung cancer. Within lung adenocarcinoma, histology is heterogeneous and associated with tumor invasion and diverse clinical outcomes. We present a gene signature distinguishing invasive and non-invasive tumors among esLUAD. Using the gene signatures, we estimate an Invasiveness Score that is strongly associated with survival of esLUAD patients in multiple independent cohorts and with the invasiveness phenotype in lung cancer cell lines. Regulatory network analysis identifies aurora kinase as one of master regulators of the gene signature and the perturbation of aurora kinases in vitro and in a murine model of invasive lung adenocarcinoma reduces tumor invasion. Our study reveals aurora kinases as a therapeutic target for treatment of early-stage invasive lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungyeul Yoo
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, New York, NY, USA
- Sema4, Stamford, CT, USA
| | - Abhilasha Sinha
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dawei Yang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nasser K Altorki
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Radhika Tandon
- School of Medicine, St. George's University, West Indies, Grenada
| | - Wenhui Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Deebly Chavez
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eunjee Lee
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, New York, NY, USA
- Sema4, Stamford, CT, USA
| | - Ayushi S Patel
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Vileck Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Takashi Sato
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Ranran Kong
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bisen Ding
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women And Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Eric E Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, New York, NY, USA
- Sema4, Stamford, CT, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hideo Watanabe
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pierre P Massion
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alain C Borczuk
- Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, New York, NY, USA.
- Sema4, Stamford, CT, USA.
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Charles A Powell
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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Tomlinson L, Batchelor M, Sarsby J, Byrne DP, Brownridge PJ, Bayliss R, Eyers PA, Eyers CE. Exploring the Conformational Landscape and Stability of Aurora A Using Ion-Mobility Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Modeling. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:420-435. [PMID: 35099954 PMCID: PMC9007459 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinase inhibitors are highly effective in treating diseases driven by aberrant kinase signaling and as chemical tools to help dissect the cellular roles of kinase signaling complexes. Evaluating the effects of binding of small molecule inhibitors on kinase conformational dynamics can assist in understanding both inhibition and resistance mechanisms. Using gas-phase ion-mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS), we characterize changes in the conformational landscape and stability of the protein kinase Aurora A (Aur A) driven by binding of the physiological activator TPX2 or small molecule inhibition. Aided by molecular modeling, we establish three major conformations, the relative abundances of which were dependent on the Aur A activation status: one highly populated compact conformer similar to that observed in most crystal structures, a second highly populated conformer possessing a more open structure infrequently found in crystal structures, and an additional low-abundance conformer not currently represented in the protein databank. Notably, inhibitor binding induces more compact configurations of Aur A, as adopted by the unbound enzyme, with both IM-MS and modeling revealing inhibitor-mediated stabilization of active Aur A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren
J. Tomlinson
- Centre
for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry & Systems Biology,
Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K.
- Department
of Biochemistry & Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular
& Integrative Biology, University of
Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K.
| | - Matthew Batchelor
- Astbury
Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Molecular and Cellular
Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Joscelyn Sarsby
- Centre
for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry & Systems Biology,
Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K.
| | - Dominic P. Byrne
- Department
of Biochemistry & Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular
& Integrative Biology, University of
Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K.
| | - Philip J. Brownridge
- Centre
for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry & Systems Biology,
Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K.
| | - Richard Bayliss
- Astbury
Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Molecular and Cellular
Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Patrick A. Eyers
- Department
of Biochemistry & Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular
& Integrative Biology, University of
Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K.
| | - Claire E. Eyers
- Centre
for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry & Systems Biology,
Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K.
- Department
of Biochemistry & Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular
& Integrative Biology, University of
Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K.
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50
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Benjaskulluecha S, Boonmee A, Pattarakankul T, Wongprom B, Klomsing J, Palaga T. Screening of compounds to identify novel epigenetic regulatory factors that affect innate immune memory in macrophages. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1912. [PMID: 35115604 PMCID: PMC8814160 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05929-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Trained immunity and tolerance are part of the innate immune memory that allow innate immune cells to differentially respond to a second encounter with stimuli by enhancing or suppressing responses. In trained immunity, treatment of macrophages with β-glucan (BG) facilitates the production of proinflammatory cytokines upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. For the tolerance response, LPS stimulation leads to suppressed inflammatory responses during subsequent LPS exposure. Epigenetic reprogramming plays crucial roles in both phenomena, which are tightly associated with metabolic flux. In this study, we performed a screening of an epigenetics compound library that affects trained immunity or LPS tolerance in macrophages using TNFα as a readout. Among the 181 compounds tested, one compound showed suppressive effects, while 2 compounds showed promoting effects on BG-trained TNFα production. In contrast, various inhibitors targeting Aurora kinase, histone methyltransferase, histone demethylase, histone deacetylase and DNA methyltransferase showed inhibitory activity against LPS tolerance. Several proteins previously unknown to be involved in innate immune memory, such as MGMT, Aurora kinase, LSD1 and PRMT5, were revealed. Protein network analysis revealed that the trained immunity targets are linked via Trp53, while LPS tolerance targets form three clusters of histone-modifying enzymes, cell division and base-excision repair. In trained immunity, the histone lysine methyltransferase SETD7 was identified, and its expression was increased during BG treatment. Level of the histone lysine demethylase, LSD1, increased during LPS priming and siRNA-mediated reduction resulted in increased expression of Il1b in LPS tolerance. Taken together, this screening approach confirmed the importance of epigenetic modifications in innate immune memory and provided potential novel targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salisa Benjaskulluecha
- Medical Microbiology, Interdisciplinary Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Atsadang Boonmee
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thitiporn Pattarakankul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Materials and Bio-Interfaces, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Benjawan Wongprom
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Jeerameth Klomsing
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Tanapat Palaga
- Medical Microbiology, Interdisciplinary Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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