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Bajire SK, Shastry RP. Synergistic effects of COVID-19 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a polymicrobial perspective. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:591-601. [PMID: 37129767 PMCID: PMC10152025 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04744-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This article discusses the connection between the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is a multifaceted respiratory illness that is typically observed in individuals with chronic exposure to chemical irritants or severe lung damage caused by various pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The pathogenesis of COPD is complex, involving a variety of genotypes and phenotypic characteristics that result in severe co-infections and a poor prognosis if not properly managed. We focus on the role of SARS-CoV-2 infection in severe COPD exacerbations in connection to P. aeruginosa infection, covering pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy. This review also includes a thorough structural overview of COPD and recent developments in understanding its complicated and chronic nature. While COVID-19 is clearly linked to emphysema and chronic bronchitis at different stages of the disease, our understanding of the precise interaction between microbial infections during COPD, particularly with SARS-CoV-2 in the lungs, remains inadequate. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the host-pathogen relationship from the clinician's perspective in order to effectively manage COPD. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the subject matter to assist clinicians in their efforts to improve the treatment and management of COPD, especially in light of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukesh Kumar Bajire
- Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018, India
| | - Rajesh P Shastry
- Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018, India.
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Yazdani M, Beihaghi M, Ataee N, Zabetian M, Khaksar S, Nasrizadeh H, Chaboksavar M. Anti-quorum sensing effects of SidA protein on Escherichia coli receptors: in silico analysis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38414257 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2322632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Quorum sensing enables cell-cell communication in bacteria and regulates biofilm formation. Biofilm production promotes pathogenicity of Escherichia coli and causes infections. However, antibiotic resistance limits conventional treatment efficacy against biofilm infections. Quorum quenching offers an alternative by disrupting quorum sensing signals. Allicin, extracted from garlic, possesses antimicrobial and anti-quorum sensing properties. This study employed molecular docking and dynamics simulations to investigate allicin's interaction with the E. coli quorum sensing system, specifically targeting the cytoplasmic SidA receptor protein. SidA binds to N-acyl-homoserine lactone ligands and regulates quorum sensing in E. coli. The crystal structure of SidA was obtained from the PDB. Molecular docking revealed that allicin competitively binds to the ligand-binding pocket of SidA. Simulations analyzed the effects of allicin binding on SidA stability and affinity for N-acyl-homoserine lactones over 200 ns. Parameters like RMSD, RMSF, and hydrogen bonding indicated SidA was more stable when bound to allicin compared to unbound. Binding free energies suggested allicin reduced SidA's affinity for native ligands. Therefore, allicin binding to SidA alters its conformation and inhibits interaction with N-acyl-homoserine lactones, disrupting quorum sensing signaling and biofilm production in E. coli.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Yazdani
- Laboratory of Bioinformatic and Drug Design, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maria Beihaghi
- Department of Biology, Kavian Institute of Higher Education, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Nazanin Ataee
- Department of Biology, Kavian Institute of Higher Education, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahsa Zabetian
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Samad Khaksar
- School of Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Hanieh Nasrizadeh
- Department of Biology, Kavian Institute of Higher Education, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Masoud Chaboksavar
- Department of Biology, Kavian Institute of Higher Education, Mashhad, Iran
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Joy A, Seethi V F, Cyriac MC, Habeeb J, Sudhakaran S, Shah S. Modelling of AgrA inhibitors to combat anti-microbial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:551-558. [PMID: 37166373 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2203260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium found on human skin that causes skin and soft tissue infections, as well as pneumonia, osteomyelitis, and endocarditis. The prevalence of antibiotic resistant strains has made the treatments less effective. An efficient alternate method for battling these contagious diseases is anti-virulence strategy. The AgrA protein, a key activator of Accessory Gene Regulator system in S. aureus, is vital to the virulence of the organism and, consequently, its pathogenesis. Using a Machine Learning algorithm, the Support Vector Machine (SVM), and a ligand-based pharmacophore modelling method, prediction models of AgrA inhibitors were developed. The metrics of the SVM model were inadequate, hence it was not used for virtual screening. For ligand-based pharmacophore modelling, 14 of 29 compounds were removed from the active set due to a lack of shared pharmacophore properties, and 504 compounds were designated as decoys. A 3D pharmacophore model was created using LigandScout 4.4.5, with a fit score of 57.48, including a positive ionizable group, one hydrogen bond donor, and three hydrogen bond acceptors. The model after further validation was used to virtually screen an external database which resulted in six hits. These compounds were docked with the AgrA domain crystal structure to determine the inhibitor activity. Further, each docked complex was subjected to a 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation. CID238 and CID20510252 demonstrated potent inhibitory binding interactions and hence can be used to develop AgrA inhibitors in future after proper validation.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amitha Joy
- Department of Biotechnology, Sahrdaya College of Engineering and Technology, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | | | - Marria C Cyriac
- Department of Biotechnology, Sahrdaya College of Engineering and Technology, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Jasmin Habeeb
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod, Kerala, India
| | | | - Shaheen Shah
- Genomics Central [MaGenomics], Thrissur, Kerala, India
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Moya YS, Medina C, Herrera B, Chamba F, Yu LX, Xu Z, Samac DA. Genetic Mapping of Tolerance to Bacterial Stem Blight Caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae in Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:110. [PMID: 38202418 PMCID: PMC10780931 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The bacterial stem blight of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), first reported in the United States in 1904, has emerged recently as a serious disease problem in the western states. The causal agent, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, promotes frost damage and disease that can reduce first harvest yields by 50%. Resistant cultivars and an understanding of host-pathogen interactions are lacking in this pathosystem. With the goal of identifying DNA markers associated with disease resistance, we developed biparental F1 mapping populations using plants from the cultivar ZG9830. Leaflets of plants in the mapping populations were inoculated with a bacterial suspension using a needleless syringe and scored for disease symptoms. Bacterial populations were measured by culture plating and using a quantitative PCR assay. Surprisingly, leaflets with few to no symptoms had bacterial loads similar to leaflets with severe disease symptoms, indicating that plants without symptoms were tolerant to the bacterium. Genotyping-by-sequencing identified 11 significant SNP markers associated with the tolerance phenotype. This is the first study to identify DNA markers associated with tolerance to P. syringae. These results provide insight into host responses and provide markers that can be used in alfalfa breeding programs to develop improved cultivars to manage the bacterial stem blight of alfalfa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeidymar Sierra Moya
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; (Y.S.M.); (B.H.)
| | - Cesar Medina
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA;
| | - Bianca Herrera
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; (Y.S.M.); (B.H.)
| | | | - Long-Xi Yu
- USDA-ARS-Plant Germplasm Introduction and Testing Research Unit, Prosser, WA 99350, USA;
| | - Zhanyou Xu
- USDA-ARS-Plant Science Research Unit, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA;
| | - Deborah A. Samac
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; (Y.S.M.); (B.H.)
- USDA-ARS-Plant Science Research Unit, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA;
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Muñoz-Cázares N, Peña-González MC, Castillo-Juárez I, Díaz-Núñez JL, Peña-Rodríguez LM. Exploring the anti-virulence potential of plants used in traditional Mayan medicine to treat bacterial infections. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116783. [PMID: 37321428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE While the antimicrobial activity of a number of plants used in traditional Mayan medicine against infectious diseases has been documented, their potential to inhibit quorum sensing (QS) as means of discovering novel anti-virulence agents remains unexplored. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the anti-virulence potential of plants used in traditional Mayan medicine by determining their inhibition of QS- regulated virulence factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. METHODS A group of plants used in traditional Mayan medicine against infectious diseases was selected, and their methanolic extracts were evaluated at 10 mg/mL for their antibacterial and anti-virulence activity using the reference strain P. aeruginosa PA14WT. The broth microdilution method was used to determine antibacterial activity (MIC), while anti-virulence activity was evaluated by measuring the anti-biofilm effect and the inhibition of pyocyanin and protease activities. The most bioactive extract was fractionated using a liquid-liquid partition procedure and the semipurified fractions were evaluated at 5 mg/mL for antibacterial and anti-virulence activity. RESULTS Seventeen Mayan medicinal plants traditionally used to treat infection-associated diseases were selected. None of the extracts exhibited antibacterial activity, whereas anti-virulence activity was detected in extracts of Bonellia flammea, Bursera simaruba, Capraria biflora, Ceiba aesculifolia, Cissampelos pareira and Colubrina yucatanensis. The most active extracts (74% and 69% inhibition) against biofilm formation were from C. aesculifolia (bark) and C. yucatanensis (root), respectively. Alternatively, the extracts of B. flammea (root), B. simaruba (bark), C. pareira (root), and C. biflora (root), reduced pyocyanin and protease production (50-84% and 30-58%, respectively). Fractionation of the bioactive root extract of C. yucatanensis allowed the identification of two semipurified fractions with anti-virulence activity. CONCLUSIONS The anti-virulence activity detected in the crude extracts of B. flammea, B. simaruba, C. biflora, C. aesculifolia, C. pareira, and C. yucatanensis, confirms the efficacy and traditional use of these medicinal plants against infectious diseases. The activity of the extract and semipurified fractions of C. yucatanensis indicates the presence of hydrophilic metabolites capable of interfering with QS in P. aeruginosa. This study represents the first report of Mayan medicinal plants with anti-QS properties and suggests they represent an important source of novel anti-virulence agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naybi Muñoz-Cázares
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica, Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Colonia Chuburná, 97205, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - Maria Claudia Peña-González
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica, Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Colonia Chuburná, 97205, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - Israel Castillo-Juárez
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Aplicación de Fitoquímicos Bioactivos, Posgrado en Botánica, Colegio de Postgraduados, Km 36.5 Carretera Federal México-Texcoco, Texcoco, Estado de México, 56230, Mexico.
| | - Jose Luis Díaz-Núñez
- Catedrático COMECYT-Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Posgrado en Botánica, Colegio de Postgraduados, Km 36.5 Carretera Federal México-Texcoco, Texcoco, Estado de México, 56230, Mexico.
| | - Luis Manuel Peña-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica, Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Colonia Chuburná, 97205, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
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Adeosun IJ, Baloyi I, Aljoundi AK, Salifu EY, Ibrahim MA, Cosa S. Molecular modelling of SdiA protein by selected flavonoid and terpenes compounds to attenuate virulence in Klebsiella pneumoniae. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:9938-9956. [PMID: 36416609 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2148753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the perturbing multidrug resistant (MDR) and ESKAPE pathogens contributing to the mounting morbidity, mortality and extended rate of hospitalization. Its virulence, often regulated by quorum sensing (QS) reinforces the need to explore alternative and prospective antivirulence agents, relatively from plants secondary metabolites. Computer aided drug discovery using molecular modelling techniques offers advantage to investigate prospective drugs to combat MDR pathogens. Thus, this study employed virtual screening of selected terpenes and flavonoids from medicinal plants to interrupt the QS associated SdiA protein in K. pneumoniae to attenuate its virulence. 4LFU was used as a template to model the structure of SdiA. ProCheck, Verify3D, Ramachandran plot scores, and ProSA-Web all attested to the model's good quality. Since SdiA protein in K. pneumoniae leads to the expression of virulence, 31 prospective bioactive compounds were docked for antagonistic potential. The stability of the protein-ligand complex, atomic motions and inter-atomic interactions were further investigated through molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) at 100 ns production runs. The binding free energy was estimated using the molecular mechanics/poisson-boltzmann surface area (MM/PB-SA). Furthermore, the drug-likeness properties of the studied compounds were validated. Docking studies showed phytol possesses the highest binding affinity (-9.205 kcal/mol) while glycitein had -9.752 kcal/mol highest docking score. The MDS of the protein in complex with the best-docked compounds revealed phytol with the highest binding energy of -44.2625 kcal/mol, a low root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) value of 1.54 Å and root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF) score of 1.78 Å. Analysis of the drug-likeness properties prediction and bioavailability of these compounds revealed their conformed activity to lipinski's rules with bioavailability scores of 0.55 F. The studied terpenes and flavonoids compounds effectively thwart SdiA protein, therefore regulate inter- or intra cellular communication and associated in virulence Enterobacteriaceae, serving as prospective antivirulence drugs.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idowu Jesulayomi Adeosun
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
| | - Itumeleng Baloyi
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
| | - Aimen K Aljoundi
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Elliasu Y Salifu
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | | | - Sekelwa Cosa
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
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Sathe N, Beech P, Croft L, Suphioglu C, Kapat A, Athan E. Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Infections and novel approaches to treatment "Knowing the enemy" the threat of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and exploring novel approaches to treatment. INFECTIOUS MEDICINE 2023; 2:178-194. [PMID: 38073886 PMCID: PMC10699684 DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an aerobic Gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium with a comparatively large genome and an impressive genetic capability allowing it to grow in a variety of environments and tolerate a wide range of physical conditions. This biological flexibility enables the P. aeruginosa to cause a broad range of infections in patients with serious underlying medical conditions, and to be a principal cause of health care associated infection worldwide. The clinical manifestations of P. aeruginosa include mostly health care associated infections and community-acquired infections. P. aeruginosa possesses an array of virulence factors that counteract host defence mechanisms. It can directly damage host tissue while utilizing high levels of intrinsic and acquired antimicrobial resistance mechanisms to counter most classes of antibiotics. P. aeruginosa co-regulates multiple resistance mechanisms by perpetually moving targets poses a significant therapeutic challenge. Thus, there is an urgent need for novel approaches in the development of anti-Pseudomonas agents. Here we review the principal infections caused by P. aeruginosa and we discuss novel therapeutic options to tackle antibiotic resistance and treatment of P. aeruginosa infections that may be further developed for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Sathe
- Reliance Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Dhirubhai Ambani Life Sciences Centre, Thane Belapur Road, Rabale, Navi Mumbai 400701, India
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Peter Beech
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Larry Croft
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Cenk Suphioglu
- NeuroAllergy Research Laboratory, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong Campus at Waurn Ponds, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Arnab Kapat
- Reliance Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Dhirubhai Ambani Life Sciences Centre, Thane Belapur Road, Rabale, Navi Mumbai 400701, India
| | - Eugene Athan
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, PO Box 281 Geelong 3220, Australia
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Křížkovská B, Hoang L, Brdová D, Klementová K, Szemerédi N, Loučková A, Kronusová O, Spengler G, Kaštánek P, Hajšlová J, Viktorová J, Lipov J. Modulation of the bacterial virulence and resistance by well-known European medicinal herbs. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 312:116484. [PMID: 37044231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Salvia officinalis L., Sambucus nigra L., Matricaria chamomilla L., Agrimonia eupatoria L., Fragaria vesca L. and Malva sylvestris L. are plants that have a long tradition in European folk medicine. To this day, they are part of medicinal teas or creams that help with the healing of skin wounds and the treatment of respiratory or intestinal infections. However, so far these plants have not been investigated more deeply than in their direct antibacterial effect. AIM OF THE STUDY Our research is focused on adjuvants that inhibit the mechanism of antibiotic resistance or modulate bacterial virulence. Based on a preliminary screening of 52 European herbs, which commonly appear as part of tea blends or poultice. Six of them were selected for their ability to revert the resistant phenotype of nosocomial bacterial strains. METHODS Herbs selected for this study were obtained from commercially available sources. For the extraction of active compounds ethanol was used. Modulation of virulence was observed as an ability to inhibit bacterial cell-to-cell communication using two mutant sensor strains of Vibrio campbellii. Biofilm formation, and planktonic cell adhesion was measured using a static antibiofilm test. Ethidium bromide assay was used to checked the potential of inhibition bacterial efflux pumps. The antibacterial activities of the herbs were evaluated against resistant bacterial strains using macro dilution methods. RESULTS Alcohol extracts had antibacterial properties mainly against Gram-positive bacteria. Of all of them, the highest antimicrobial activity demonstrated Malva sylvestris, killing both antibiotic resistant bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus with MIC of 0.8 g/L and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 0.7 g/L, respectively. Fragaria vesca extract (0.08 g/L) demonstrated strong synergism with colistin (4 mg/L) in modulating the resistant phenotype to colistin of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Similarly, the extract of S. officinalis (0.21 g/L) reverted resistance to gentamicin (1 mg/L) in S. aureus. However, Sambucus nigra and Matricaria chamomilla seem to be a very promising source of bacterial efflux pump inhibitors. CONCLUSION The extract of F. vesca was the most active. It was able to reduce biofilm formation probably due to the ability to decrease bacterial quorum sensing. On the other hand, the activity of S. nigra or M. chamomilla in reducing bacterial virulence may be explained by the ability to inhibit bacterial efflux systems. All these plants have potential as an adjuvant for the antibiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bára Křížkovská
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, UCT Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lan Hoang
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, UCT Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Brdová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, UCT Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Klementová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, UCT Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nikoletta Szemerédi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center and Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anna Loučková
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, UCT Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Gabriella Spengler
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center and Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Jana Hajšlová
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, UCT Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Viktorová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, UCT Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Lipov
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, UCT Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Abdelaziz AA, Kamer AMA, Al-Monofy KB, Al-Madboly LA. Pseudomonas aeruginosa's greenish-blue pigment pyocyanin: its production and biological activities. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:110. [PMID: 37291560 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02122-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A subject of great interest is the bioprospecting of microorganisms and their bioactive byproducts, such as pigments. Microbial pigments have various benefits, including being safe to use due to their natural makeup, having therapeutic effects, and being produced all year round, regardless of the weather or location. Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces phenazine pigments that are crucial for interactions between Pseudomonas species and other living things. Pyocyanin pigment, which is synthesized by 90-95% of P. aeruginosa, has potent antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. Herein, we will concentrate on the production and extraction of pyocyanin pigment and its biological use in different areas of biotechnology, engineering, and biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Abdelaziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Amal M Abo Kamer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Khaled B Al-Monofy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Lamiaa A Al-Madboly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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D'Aquila P, Sena G, Crudo M, Passarino G, Bellizzi D. Effect of Essential Oils of Apiaceae, Lamiaceae, Lauraceae, Myrtaceae, and Rutaceae Family Plants on Growth, Biofilm Formation, and Quorum Sensing in Chromobacterium violaceum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1150. [PMID: 37317124 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological role played by essential oils extracted from aromatic plants is progressively being recognized. This study evaluated the potential antibacterial activity of ten essential oils against Chromobacterium violaceum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis by measuring their minimum inhibitory concentration. We found that essential oils exert different antimicrobial effects, with Origanum vulgare and Foeniculum vulgare demonstrating the most significant inhibitory effect on bacterial growth for C. violaceum and E. faecalis. The growth of P. aeruginosa was not affected by any essential oil concentration we used. Sub-inhibitory concentrations of essential oils reduced in C. violaceum and E. faecalis biofilm formation, violacein amount, and gelatinase activity, all of which are biomarkers of the Quorum Sensing process. These concentrations significantly affect the global methylation profiles of cytosines and adenines, thus leading to the hypothesis that the oils also exert their effects through epigenetic changes. Considering the results obtained, it is possible that essential oils can find a broad spectrum of applications in counteracting microbial contamination and preserving sterility of surfaces and foods, as well as inhibiting microbial growth of pathogens, alone or in combination with traditional antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia D'Aquila
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Giada Sena
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Michele Crudo
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Passarino
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Dina Bellizzi
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
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Artini M, Imperlini E, Buonocore F, Relucenti M, Porcelli F, Donfrancesco O, Tuccio Guarna Assanti V, Fiscarelli EV, Papa R, Selan L. Anti-Virulence Potential of a Chionodracine-Derived Peptide against Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates from Cystic Fibrosis Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13494. [PMID: 36362282 PMCID: PMC9657651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen causing several chronic infections resistant to currently available antibiotics. Its pathogenicity is related to the production of different virulence factors such as biofilm and protease secretion. Pseudomonas communities can persist in biofilms that protect bacterial cells from antibiotics. Hence, there is a need for innovative approaches that are able to counteract these virulence factors, which play a pivotal role, especially in chronic infections. In this context, antimicrobial peptides are emerging drugs showing a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. Here, we tested the anti-virulence activity of a chionodracine-derived peptide (KHS-Cnd) on five P. aeruginosa clinical isolates from cystic fibrosis patients. We demonstrated that KHS-Cnd impaired biofilm development and caused biofilm disaggregation without affecting bacterial viability in nearly all of the tested strains. Ultrastructural morphological analysis showed that the effect of KHS-Cnd on biofilm could be related to a different compactness of the matrix. KHS-Cnd was also able to reduce adhesion to pulmonary cell lines and to impair the invasion of host cells by P. aeruginosa. A cytotoxic effect of KHS-Cnd was observed only at the highest tested concentration. This study highlights the potential of KHS-Cnd as an anti-biofilm and anti-virulence molecule against P. aeruginosa clinical strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Artini
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Esther Imperlini
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Francesco Buonocore
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Michela Relucenti
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Alfonso Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Fernando Porcelli
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Orlando Donfrancesco
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Alfonso Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Vanessa Tuccio Guarna Assanti
- Research Unit of Diagnostical and Management Innovations, Children’s Hospital and Institute Research Bambino Gesù, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Ersilia Vita Fiscarelli
- Research Unit of Diagnostical and Management Innovations, Children’s Hospital and Institute Research Bambino Gesù, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Rosanna Papa
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Selan
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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12
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Premanath R, James JP, Karunasagar I, Vaňková E, Scholtz V. Tropical plant products as biopreservatives and their application in food safety. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Artini M, Vrenna G, Trecca M, Tuccio Guarna Assanti V, Fiscarelli EV, Papa R, Selan L. Serratiopeptidase Affects the Physiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Cystic Fibrosis Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12645. [PMID: 36293502 PMCID: PMC9604282 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is frequently involved in cystic fibrosis (CF) airway infections. Biofilm, motility, production of toxins and the invasion of host cells are different factors that increase P. aeruginosa's virulence. The sessile phenotype offers protection to bacterial cells and resistance to antimicrobials and host immune attacks. Motility also contributes to bacterial colonization of surfaces and, consequently, to biofilm formation. Furthermore, the ability to adhere is the prelude for the internalization into lung cells, a common immune evasion mechanism used by most intracellular bacteria, such as P. aeruginosa. In previous studies we evaluated the activity of metalloprotease serratiopeptidase (SPEP) in impairing virulence-related properties in Gram-positive bacteria. This work aimed to investigate SPEP's effects on different physiological aspects related to the virulence of P. aeruginosa isolated from CF patients, such as biofilm production, pyoverdine and pyocyanin production and invasion in alveolar epithelial cells. Obtained results showed that SPEP was able to impair the attachment to inert surfaces as well as adhesion/invasion of eukaryotic cells. Conversely, SPEP's effect on pyocyanin and pyoverdine production was strongly strain-dependent, with an increase and/or a decrease of their production. Moreover, SPEP seemed to increase swarming motility and staphylolytic protease production. Our results suggest that a large number of clinical strains should be studied in-depth before drawing definitive conclusions. Why different strains sometimes react in opposing ways to a specific treatment is of great interest and will be the object of future studies. Therefore, SPEP affects P. aeruginosa's physiology by differently acting on several bacterial factors related to its virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Artini
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Vrenna
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marika Trecca
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Vanessa Tuccio Guarna Assanti
- Research Unit of Diagnostical and Management Innovations, Children’s Hospital and Institute Research Bambino Gesù, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Ersilia Vita Fiscarelli
- Research Unit of Diagnostical and Management Innovations, Children’s Hospital and Institute Research Bambino Gesù, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Rosanna Papa
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Selan
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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14
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Panayi T, Sarigiannis Y, Mourelatou E, Hapeshis E, Papaneophytou C. Anti-Quorum-Sensing Potential of Ethanolic Extracts of Aromatic Plants from the Flora of Cyprus. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11192632. [PMID: 36235498 PMCID: PMC9572961 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is a form of intra- and inter-species communication system employed by bacteria to regulate their collective behavior in a cell population-dependent manner. QS has been implicated in the virulence of several pathogenic bacteria. This work aimed to investigate the anti-QS potential of ethanolic extracts of eight aromatic plants of Cyprus, namely, Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Salvia officinalis, Lavendula spp., Calendula officinalis, Melissa officinalis, Sideritis cypria, and Aloysia citriodora. We initially assessed the effects of the extracts on autoinducer 2 (AI-2) signaling activity, using Vibrio harveyi BB170 as a reported strain. We subsequently assessed the effect of the ethanolic extracts on QS-related processes, including biofilm formation and the swarming and swimming motilities of Escherichia coli MG1655. Of the tested ethanolic extracts, those of Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum, Rosmarinus officinalis, and Salvia officinalis were the most potent AI-2 signaling inhibitors, while the extracts from the other plants exhibited low to moderate inhibitory activity. These three ethanolic extracts also inhibited the biofilm formation (>60%) of E. coli MG1655, as well as its swimming and swarming motilities, in a concentration-dependent manner. These extracts may be considered true anti-QS inhibitors because they disrupt QS-related activities of E. coli MG1655 without affecting bacterial growth. The results suggest that plants from the unexplored flora of Cyprus could serve as a source for identifying novel anti-QS inhibitors to treat infectious diseases caused by pathogens that are resistant to antibiotics.
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15
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Rosier A, Bais HP. Protocol: a simple method for biosensor visualization of bacterial quorum sensing and quorum quenching interaction on Medicago roots. PLANT METHODS 2022; 18:112. [PMID: 36114554 PMCID: PMC9479286 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-022-00944-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Defining interactions of bacteria in the rhizosphere (encompassing the area near and on the plant root) is important to understand how they affect plant health. Some rhizosphere bacteria, including plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) engage in the intraspecies communication known as quorum sensing (QS). Many species of Gram-negative bacteria use extracellular autoinducer signal molecules called N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) for QS. Other rhizobacteria species, including PGPRs, can interfere with or disrupt QS through quorum quenching (QQ). Current AHL biosensor assays used for screening and identifying QS and QQ bacteria interactions fail to account for the role of the plant root. METHODS Medicago spp. seedlings germinated on Lullien agar were transferred to soft-agar plates containing the broad-range AHL biosensor Agrobacterium tumefaciens KYC55 and X-gal substrate. Cultures of QS and QQ bacteria as well as pure AHLs and a QQ enzyme were applied to the plant roots and incubated for 3 days. RESULTS We show that this expanded use of an AHL biosensor successfully allowed for visualization of QS/QQ interactions localized at the plant root. KYC55 detected pure AHLs as well as AHLs from live bacteria cultures grown directly on the media. We also showed clear detection of QQ interactions occurring in the presence of the plant root. CONCLUSIONS Our novel tri-trophic system using an AHL biosensor is useful to study QS interspecies interactions in the rhizosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Rosier
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, 311 AP Biopharma, 590 Avenue 1743, Newark, DE, 19713, USA.
| | - Harsh P Bais
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, 311 AP Biopharma, 590 Avenue 1743, Newark, DE, 19713, USA
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Alhagi maurorum extract modulates quorum sensing genes and biofilm formation in Proteus mirabilis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13992. [PMID: 35978046 PMCID: PMC9385855 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18362-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis) is a frequent cause of catheter-associated urinary tract infections. This study aims to investigate the anti-infective effect of Alhagi maurorum extract (AME), the traditional medicinal plant in the middle east, on the biofilm-forming P. mirabilis isolates. Hydroalcoholic extract and oil of A. maurorum were characterized by HPLC and GC–MS. The antiproliferative, anti-biofilm, and bactericidal activity of AME at various concentrations were assessed by turbidity, crystal violet binding, and agar well diffusion assays, respectively. The AME’s effect on adhesion and quorum sensing (QS) were investigated by in vitro adhesion assay on cell culture and agar overlay assay using Janthinobacterium lividum (ATCC 12472) as a biosensor strain. In addition, the expression level of selected genes involved in QS and biofilm regulation were determined by quantitative Real-Time PCR. Furthermore, the bladder phantom model was created to evaluate the assays and investigate the catheter’s calcium deposition. The most effective chemical compounds found in AME were tamarixetin, quercetin, and trans-anethole. Although AME did not inhibit swarming motility, it reduced biofilm production and exerted a concentration-dependent anti-adhesive and anti-QS activity against P. mirabilis. AME also downregulated the expression level of selected genes involved in biofilm formation and QS. This study showed that AME as a natural compound reduced biofilm formation of P. mirabilis by targeting virulence factor genes, quorum sensing, and other strategies that include preventing the adhesion of P. mirabilis to the cells. The results suggest that A. maurorum extract might have the potential to be considered for preventing UTIs caused by P. mirabilis.
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17
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Vasilchenko AS, Poshvina DV, Sidorov RY, Iashnikov AV, Rogozhin EA, Vasilchenko AV. Oak bark (Quercus sp. cortex) protects plants through the inhibition of quorum sensing mediated virulence of Pectobacterium carotovorum. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:184. [PMID: 35972587 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03366-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial intercellular communication mediated by small diffusible molecules, known as quorum sensing (QS), is a common mechanism for regulating bacterial colonisation strategies and survival. Influence on QS by plant-derived molecules is proposed as a strategy for combating phytopathogens by modulating their virulence. This work builds upon other studies that have revealed plant-derived QS inhibitors extracted from oak bark (Quercus sp.). It was found that co-incubation of Pectobacterium carotovorum VKM-B-1247 with oak bark extract (OBE) reduced the production of acyl-HSL. This was accompanied by a dose-dependent decrease in the bacterial cellulolytic and protease activity. At the transcriptomic level, the OBE treatment suppressed the main QS-related genes expR/expI. Potato tubers pre-treated with OBE showed resistance to a manifestation of soft-rot symptoms. Analysis of the component composition of the OBE identified several biologically active molecules, such as n-hexadecanoic acid, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), gamma-sitosterol, lupeol, and others. Molecular docking of the binding energy between identified molecules and homology models of LuxR-LuxI type proteins allow to identify potential inhibitors. Collectively, obtained results figure out great potential of widely distributed oak-derived plant material for bacterial control during storage of potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey S Vasilchenko
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Resistance, Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, Volodarskogo Street, 6, Tyumen, Russia, 625003.
| | - Darya V Poshvina
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Resistance, Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, Volodarskogo Street, 6, Tyumen, Russia, 625003
| | - Roman Yu Sidorov
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Goleva Street 13, Perm, Russia, 614081
| | - Aleksandr V Iashnikov
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Resistance, Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, Volodarskogo Street, 6, Tyumen, Russia, 625003
| | - Eugene A Rogozhin
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia V Vasilchenko
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Resistance, Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, Volodarskogo Street, 6, Tyumen, Russia, 625003.,All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, St. Petersburg-Pushkin, Russia
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18
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Tamfu AN, Ceylan O, Cârâc G, Talla E, Dinica RM. Antibiofilm and Anti-Quorum Sensing Potential of Cycloartane-Type Triterpene Acids from Cameroonian Grassland Propolis: Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Crude Extract. Molecules 2022; 27:4872. [PMID: 35956824 PMCID: PMC9369644 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Propolis is very popular for its beneficial health properties, such as antimicrobial activity and antioxidant effects. It is one of the most long-serving traditional medicines to mankind due to its interesting chemical diversity and therapeutic properties. The detailed chemical information of propolis samples is very necessary to guarantee its safety and for it to be accepted into health care systems. The phenolic profile of the hydroethanolic extract was determined using HPLC-DAD, and the antioxidant was evaluated using five complementary methods. Triterpenoids were isolated using column chromatography and characterized using 1H NMR and 13C NMR. The effects of the extract and the isolated compounds on quorum sensing mediated processes and biofilm formation in bacteria were evaluated. Protocatechic acid (40.76 ± 0.82 µg/g), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (24.04 ± 0.21 µg/g), vanillic acid (29.90 ± 1.05 µg/g), quercetin (43.53 ± 1.10 µg/g), and luteolin (4.44 ± 0.48 µg/g) were identified and quantified. The extract showed good antioxidant activity in the DPPH•, ABTS•+, CUPRAC, and metal chelating assays, and this antioxidant effect was confirmed by cyclic voltammetry. 27-Hydroxymangiferonic acid (1), Ambolic acid (2), and Mangiferonic acid (3) were isolated from anti-quorum sensing activity at MIC, and it was indicated that the most active sample was the extract with inhibition diameter zone of 18.0 ± 1.0 mm, while compounds 1, 2, and 3 had inhibition zones of 12.0 ± 0.5 mm, 9.0 ± 1.0 mm, and 12.3 ± 1.0 mm, respectively. The samples inhibited the P. aeruginosa PA01 swarming motility at the three tested concentrations (50, 75, and 100 μg/mL) in a dose-dependent manner. The propolis extract was able to inhibit biofilm formation by S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, C. albicans, and C. tropicalis at MIC concentration. Compound 1 proved biofilm inhibition on S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, E. faecalis, E. coli, and C. tropicalis at MIC and MIC/2; compound 2 inhibited the formation of biofilm at MIC on S. aureus, E. faecalis, E. coli, S. typhi, C. albicans, and C. tropicalis; and compound 3 inhibited biofilm formation on E. faecalis, E. coli, C. albicans, and C. tropicalis and further biofilm inhibition on E. coli at MIC/4 and MIC/8. The studied propolis sample showed important amounts of cycloartane-type triterpene acids, and this indicates that there can be significant intra-regional variation probably due to specific flora within the vicinity. The results indicate that propolis and its compounds can reduce virulence factors of pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred Ngenge Tamfu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere 454, Cameroon;
- Food Quality Control and Analysis Program, Ula Ali Kocman Vocational School, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla 48147, Turkey;
| | - Ozgur Ceylan
- Food Quality Control and Analysis Program, Ula Ali Kocman Vocational School, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla 48147, Turkey;
| | - Geta Cârâc
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, Physics and Environment, Dunarea de Jos University, Galati, 47 Domneasca Str., 800008 Galati, Romania;
| | - Emmanuel Talla
- School of Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere 454, Cameroon;
| | - Rodica Mihaela Dinica
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, Physics and Environment, Dunarea de Jos University, Galati, 47 Domneasca Str., 800008 Galati, Romania;
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19
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Yang W, Cui K, Tong Q, Ma S, Sun Y, He G, Li D, Lin L, Blazekovic B, Chevalier S, Wang Y, Wei Q, Wang Y. Traditional Chinese Medicine Tanreqing Targets Both Cell Division and Virulence in Staphylococcus aureus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:884045. [PMID: 35573768 PMCID: PMC9093593 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.884045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus has been recognized as an important human pathogen and poses a serious health threat worldwide. With the advent of antibiotic resistance, such as the increased number of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutical agents. In this study, Chinese traditional medicine Tanreqing (TRQ) has been used as an alternative treating agent against MRSA and we aim to unravel the mode of action of TRQ underlying MRSA inhibition. TRQ treatment affected numerous gene expression as revealed by RNA-seq analysis. Meanwhile, TRQ targeted cell division to inhibit cell growth as shown by illumination microscopy. Besides, we confirmed that TRQ downregulates the expression of virulence factors such as hemolysin and autolysin. Finally, we used a murine model to demonstrate that TRQ efficiently reduces bacterial virulence. Altogether, we have proved TRQ formula to be an effective agent against S. aureus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Yang
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiyu Cui
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Tong
- School of Biological Engineering and Food Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuhua Ma
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Sun
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gaiying He
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongying Li
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Longfei Lin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Biljana Blazekovic
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sylvie Chevalier
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment, Normandy University, University of Rouen Normandy, Evreux, France
| | - Yuanhong Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Wei
- Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Wei, ; Yi Wang,
| | - Yi Wang
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Wei, ; Yi Wang,
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20
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Atta L, Khalil R, Khan KM, Zehra M, Saleem F, Nur-e-Alam M, Ul-Haq Z. Virtual Screening, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Streptococcus mutans Mediated Biofilm Inhibitors. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041455. [PMID: 35209243 PMCID: PMC8876203 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dental caries, a global oral health concern, is a biofilm-mediated disease. Streptococcus mutans, the most prevalent oral microbiota, produces extracellular enzymes, including glycosyltransferases responsible for sucrose polymerization. In bacterial communities, the biofilm matrix confers resistance to host immune responses and antibiotics. Thus, in cases of chronic dental caries, inhibiting bacterial biofilm assembly should prevent demineralization of tooth enamel, thereby preventing tooth decay. A high throughput screening was performed in the present study to identify small molecule inhibitors of S. mutans glycosyltransferases. Multiple pharmacophore models were developed, validated with multiple datasets, and used for virtual screening against large chemical databases. Over 3000 drug-like hits were obtained that were analyzed to explore their binding mode. Finally, six compounds that showed good binding affinities were further analyzed for ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) properties. The obtained in silico hits were evaluated for in vitro biofilm formation. The compounds displayed excellent antibiofilm activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 15.26–250 µg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna Atta
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (L.A.); (K.M.K.); (F.S.)
| | - Ruqaiya Khalil
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (R.K.); (M.Z.)
| | - Khalid Mohammed Khan
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (L.A.); (K.M.K.); (F.S.)
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 31441, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moatter Zehra
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (R.K.); (M.Z.)
| | - Faiza Saleem
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (L.A.); (K.M.K.); (F.S.)
| | - Mohammad Nur-e-Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Zaheer Ul-Haq
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (L.A.); (K.M.K.); (F.S.)
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (R.K.); (M.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +92-21-99261672
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21
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Sharifi A, Nayeri Fasaei B. Selected plant essential oils inhibit biofilm formation and
luxS‐
and
pfs‐
mediated quorum sensing by
Escherichia coli
O157:H7. Lett Appl Microbiol 2022; 74:916-923. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.13673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aram Sharifi
- Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agriculture University of Kurdistan Sanandaj Kurdistan Iran
| | - Bahar Nayeri Fasaei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran Tehran Iran
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22
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Application of food-grade natural antimicrobials for the control of crop disease caused by phytopathogens. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 31:275-284. [PMID: 35273818 PMCID: PMC8885948 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01030-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytopathogens can cause crop disease in agriculture, thus, synthetic pesticides are used to prevent disease. However, this type of pesticide has an adverse effect on human and environmental health. Consequently, it is important to develop natural pesticides for crop protection. The final goal of crop protection is enhancing the quality of fresh products for consumers, suggesting that crop safety is related with food safety. Several studies have investigated the effect of food-grade natural antimicrobials on phytopathogens in vitro and ex vivo. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of bactericidal effects when using natural antimicrobial compounds, including essential oils, plant extracts, and carboxylic acids, and their mechanisms of antibacterial action. However, more studies are needed to investigate the efficacy of natural antimicrobial compounds on phytopathogens in field conditions.
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Ahmed M, SaKai Y, Fukudome M, Yuan DQ. Cucurbit[7]uril: Synthesis and quenching the quorum sensing in bacteria. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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24
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Mai Z, Ye M, Wang Y, Foong SY, Wang L, Sun F, Cheng H. Characteristics of Microbial Community and Function With the Succession of Mangroves. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:764974. [PMID: 34950118 PMCID: PMC8689078 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.764974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, 16S high-throughput and metagenomic sequencing analyses were employed to explore the changes in microbial community and function with the succession of mangroves (Sonneratia alba, Rhizophora apiculata, and Bruguiera parviflora) along the Merbok river estuary in Malaysia. The sediments of the three mangroves harbored their own unique dominant microbial taxa, whereas R. apiculata exhibited the highest microbial diversity. In general, Gammaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, and Anaerolineae were the dominant microbial classes, but their abundances varied significantly among the three mangroves. Principal coordinates and redundancy analyses revealed that the specificity of the microbial community was highly correlated with mangrove populations and environmental factors. The results further showed that R. apiculata exhibited the highest carbon-related metabolism, coinciding with the highest organic carbon and microbial diversity. In addition, specific microbial taxa, such as Desulfobacterales and Rhizobiales, contributed the highest functional activities related to carbon metabolism, prokaryote carbon fixation, and methane metabolism. The present results provide a comprehensive understanding of the adaptations and functions of microbes in relation to environmental transition and mangrove succession in intertidal regions. High microbial diversity and carbon metabolism in R. apiculata might in turn facilitate and maintain the formation of climax mangroves in the middle region of the Merbok river estuary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimao Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Mai Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youshao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Swee Yeok Foong
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Fulin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China.,Daya Bay Marine Biology Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
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Deryabin DG, Galadzhieva AA, Kosyan DB, Duskaev GK. Plant-Derived Inhibitors of Density-Dependent Communication in Bacteria: Diversity of Structures, Bioactivity Mechanisms, and Sources of Origin. Microbiology (Reading) 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261721060059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Rather MA, Gupta K, Mandal M. Microbial biofilm: formation, architecture, antibiotic resistance, and control strategies. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:1701-1718. [PMID: 34558029 PMCID: PMC8578483 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00624-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The assembly of microorganisms over a surface and their ability to develop resistance against available antibiotics are major concerns of interest. To survive against harsh environmental conditions including known antibiotics, the microorganisms form a unique structure, referred to as biofilm. The mechanism of biofilm formation is triggered and regulated by quorum sensing, hostile environmental conditions, nutrient availability, hydrodynamic conditions, cell-to-cell communication, signaling cascades, and secondary messengers. Antibiotic resistance, escape of microbes from the body's immune system, recalcitrant infections, biofilm-associated deaths, and food spoilage are some of the problems associated with microbial biofilms which pose a threat to humans, veterinary, and food processing sectors. In this review, we focus in detail on biofilm formation, its architecture, composition, genes and signaling cascades involved, and multifold antibiotic resistance exhibited by microorganisms dwelling within biofilms. We also highlight different physical, chemical, and biological biofilm control strategies including those based on plant products. So, this review aims at providing researchers the knowledge regarding recent advances on the mechanisms involved in biofilm formation at the molecular level as well as the emergent method used to get rid of antibiotic-resistant and life-threatening biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzamil Ahmad Rather
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University (A Central University), Napaam, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India
| | - Kuldeep Gupta
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University (A Central University), Napaam, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India
| | - Manabendra Mandal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University (A Central University), Napaam, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India.
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Vrenna G, Artini M, Ragno R, Relucenti M, Fiscarelli EV, Tuccio Guarna Assanti V, Papa R, Selan L. Anti-Virulence Properties of Coridothymus capitatus Essential Oil against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates from Cystic Fibrosis Patients. Microorganisms 2021; 9:2257. [PMID: 34835383 PMCID: PMC8623622 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for nosocomial infections, and is often involved in airway infections of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. P. aeruginosa virulence is related to its ability to form biofilm, trigger different types of motilities, and produce toxins (for example, bacterial pigments). In this scenario, essential oils (EOs) have gained notoriety for their role in phenotype modulation, including virulence modulation. Among different EOs previously analyzed, herein we investigated the activity of Coridothymus capitatus EO (CCEO) against specific virulence factors produced by P. aeruginosa isolated from CF patients. CCEO showed inhibition of new biofilm formation and reduction in mature biofilm in about half of the tested strains. On selected strains, SEM analysis provided interesting information regarding CCEO action in a pre-adhesion assay. CCEO treatment showed a dramatic modification of the extracellular matrix (ECM) structure. Our results clearly showed a drastic reduction in pyocyanin production (between 84% and 100%) for all tested strains in the presence of CCEO. Finally, CCEO was also able to strongly affect P. aeruginosa swarming and swimming motility for almost all tested strains. In consideration of the novel results obtained on clinical strains isolated from CF patients, CCEO may be a potential candidate to limit P. aeruginosa virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Vrenna
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.V.); (M.A.)
| | - Marco Artini
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.V.); (M.A.)
| | - Rino Ragno
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza University, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Rome Center for Molecular Design, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza University, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Relucenti
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Sapienza University of Rome, via Alfonso Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ersilia Vita Fiscarelli
- Unit Cystic Fibrosis Diagnostic Microbiology and Immunology Diagnostics, Diagnostic Medicine and Laboratory Department, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy; (E.V.F.); (V.T.G.A.)
| | - Vanessa Tuccio Guarna Assanti
- Unit Cystic Fibrosis Diagnostic Microbiology and Immunology Diagnostics, Diagnostic Medicine and Laboratory Department, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy; (E.V.F.); (V.T.G.A.)
| | - Rosanna Papa
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.V.); (M.A.)
| | - Laura Selan
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.V.); (M.A.)
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Shukla A, Parmar P, Patel B, Goswami D, Saraf M. Breaking bad: Better call gingerol for improving antibiotic susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by inhibiting multiple quorum sensing pathways. Microbiol Res 2021; 252:126863. [PMID: 34530246 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is recognized as a bacterium with many bullets in its armoury and the Achilles heel of the bacterium is that it exudes several pathways that lead to pathogenicity thereby making the application of the strain cautious since the bacterium is known as a 'superbug' ergo, being resistant to multiple antibiotics. The mechanisms of pathogenicity are mainly driven by quorum sensing (QS), a phenomenon that works on cell-cell communication through classical ligand-receptor interactions. QS-mediated pathways enable control of this organism impossible even with the use of antibiotics. Henceforth, interfering with the QS pathways serves as a new mode of action for futuristic antibiotics to decrease the distress of this microbe. We propose gingerol to interfere with various QS-receptors of P. aeruginosa (LasR, PhzR and RhlR) which were deduced using in silico approach and validated in vitro by assessing its impact on EPS, biofilm, pyocyanin and rhamnolipid of the microbe. Further, gingerol was found to increase the antibacterial potency of the antibiotic when applied in integration with ciprofloxacin. The findings provide an insight about preferring the integrated approach of using QS-inhibitors (QSI) in tandem with antibiotics for holistic strategy in fight against the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance acquired by microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpit Shukla
- Department of Microbiology & Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India; Department of Biological Sciences & Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, 382426, Gujarat, India.
| | - Paritosh Parmar
- Department of Microbiology & Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India.
| | - Baldev Patel
- Department of Microbiology & Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India.
| | - Dweipayan Goswami
- Department of Microbiology & Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India.
| | - Meenu Saraf
- Department of Microbiology & Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India.
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Dizeci N, Onar O, Karaca B, Demirtas N, Coleri Cihan A, Yildirim O. Comparison of the chemical composition and biological effects of Clitocybe nebularis and Infundibulicybe geotropa. Mycologia 2021; 113:1156-1168. [PMID: 34477496 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2021.1951076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Clitocybe mushrooms have long been recognized for their various therapeutic potential and medicinal properties. A few members of the genus are considered edible and many others are poisonous. This study investigated the ethanolic extracts obtained from C. nebularis (CN) and I. geotropa (IG) mushrooms for phenolic content and antioxidant, antiproliferative, antimicrobial, and antibiofilm activities. The data from ultra-performance liquid chromatography and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis of the mushrooms were presented for the first time. According to the results, both ethanolic extracts contain high levels of phenolic (catechin, myricetin, quercetin, rutin, gallic acid, vanillic acid) compounds. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results may suggest the presence of clitopycin in CN extract. The ethanol extract of CN scavenged about 79% and the IG 78% of the free 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals. Additionally, the CN and IG extracts inhibited glutathione-S-transferase by 10%-18% at all concentrations. The CN extract effectively inhibited aldose reductase by 30%-80% at all concentrations. Besides, the CN extract showed promising antiproliferative activity on HT-29 and MCF-7 cell lines. On the other hand, CN and IG extracts displayed inhibitory effects on some multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria and effectively inhibited biofilm production. The obtained results showed that C. nebularis and I. geotropa extracts presented inhibition of biofilm production. Therefore, C. nebularis was demonstrated to be a potential source of natural medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naz Dizeci
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetic, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Medipol University, Altındağ, Ankara 06050, Turkey
| | - Okan Onar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100 Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Basar Karaca
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100 Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nergiz Demirtas
- Food Chemical Analysis Laboratory, Food Control Laboratory, The Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Arzu Coleri Cihan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100 Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Yildirim
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100 Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
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30
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Joshi JR, Khazanov N, Charkowski A, Faigenboim A, Senderowitz H, Yedidia I. Interkingdom Signaling Interference: The Effect of Plant-Derived Small Molecules on Quorum Sensing in Plant-Pathogenic Bacteria. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 59:153-190. [PMID: 33951403 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-020620-095740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the battle between bacteria and plants, bacteria often use a population density-dependent regulatory system known as quorum sensing (QS) to coordinate virulence gene expression. In response, plants use innate and induced defense mechanisms that include low-molecular-weight compounds, some of which serve as antivirulence agents by interfering with the QS machinery. The best-characterized QS system is driven by the autoinducer N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL), which is produced by AHL synthases (LuxI homologs) and perceived by response regulators (LuxR homologs). Several plant compounds have been shown to directly inhibit LuxI or LuxR. Gaining atomic-level insight into their mode of action and how they interfere with QS enzymes supports the identification and design of novel QS inhibitors.Such information can be gained by combining experimental work with molecular modeling and docking simulations. The summary of these findings shows that plant-derived compounds act as interkingdom cues and that these allomones specifically target bacterial communication systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janak Raj Joshi
- Department of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel 7528809;
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Netaly Khazanov
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel 5290002;
| | - Amy Charkowski
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Adi Faigenboim
- Department of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel 7528809;
| | - Hanoch Senderowitz
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel 5290002;
| | - Iris Yedidia
- Department of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel 7528809;
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31
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Sharifi A, Mohammadzadeh A, Salehi TZ, Mahmoodi P, Nourian A. Cuminum cyminum L. Essential Oil: A Promising Antibacterial and Antivirulence Agent Against Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:667833. [PMID: 34421837 PMCID: PMC8371328 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.667833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cuminum cyminum L. (cumin) is valued for its aromatic and medicinal properties. There are several reports of antibacterial activity of C. cyminum essential oil (CcEO). Accordingly, the present study was conducted to investigate the mechanism(s) of action of the CcEO against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus. Therefore, 10 S. aureus MDR isolates, obtained from different sources, were selected based on the antibiotic susceptibility patterns and the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute definition and subjected to the examinations. Our results exhibited promising bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties of the CcEO. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration values ranged from 5 to 10 and 10 to 20 μL ⋅ mL–1, respectively. Scanning electron microscope was used to assess the bacterial cell structure and morphology after the induction with 1/2 MIC concentration of the CcEO. The observed morphological changes appeared to be deformation of the cell membrane and destruction of the cells. In the case of quorum sensing inhibitory potential, treatment of S. aureus isolates with the sub-MIC concentrations (1/2 MIC) of the CcEO significantly reduced the hld expression (3.13-fold downregulation), which considerably controls S. aureus quorum-sensing accessory regulator system. Another virulence factor influenced by the CcEO was the polysaccharide intercellular adhesion production system, as an important component of cell–cell adhesion and biofilm formation. Consequently, the expression level of the intercellular adhesion (ica) locus in the S. aureus cells was examined following treatment with CcEO. The results showed significant decrease (−3.3-fold) in ica expression, indicating that the CcEO could potentially interfere with the process of biofilm formation. Using the ethidium bromide efflux inhibition assay, the S. aureus NorA efflux pump was phenotypically but not genotypically (in quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay) affected by the CcEO treatment. Using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis, cuminic aldehyde (38.26%), α,β-dihydroxyethylbenzene (29.16%), 2-caren-10-al (11.20%), and γ-terpinene (6.49%) were the most detected compounds. The antibacterial and antivirulence action of the CcEO at sub-MIC concentrations means that no microbial resistance will be promoted and developed after the treatment with this agent. These findings revealed that the CcEO is a promising antibacterial agent to control infections caused by the MDR S. aureus strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram Sharifi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Abdolmajid Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Taghi Zahraei Salehi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pezhman Mahmoodi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Alireza Nourian
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
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RAHAL ANU, KUMAR AMIT. Strategies to combat antimicrobial resistance in Indian scenario. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v91i2.113812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the major public health crisis recognised globally. Microbial infections cause significant productivity losses in animals and humans. In livestock, these microbial infections reduce the growth rates and fertility, diminish production of meat and milk, and occasionally lead to mortality, and are therefore, a major concern for animal welfare. In the dearth of alternative prophylactic measures, antibiotics remain the principal tool for their management. Once an antibiotic is used rampantly, resistance against it is inevidently seen in the microbe population and the hunt for a new drug grows. Discovery and development of a new antimicrobial drug is a time taking and expensive procedure with limited assurance of success. As a result, the past few decades have witnessed only a very few new classes of antibiotics. If the AMR can be restricted or reverted, the success rate of antimicrobial therapy can be boosted and many public health issues be avoided. All these ask for a comprehensive plan to prevent or reduce the antimicrobial resistance and economic losses to the animal husbandry sector. The present review provides an overview of AMR in India, mechanism of its occurrence and the possible roadmap to combat the emerging threat of AMR in Indian scenario.
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Sanz-García F, Gil-Gil T, Laborda P, Ochoa-Sánchez LE, Martínez JL, Hernando-Amado S. Coming from the Wild: Multidrug Resistant Opportunistic Pathogens Presenting a Primary, Not Human-Linked, Environmental Habitat. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8080. [PMID: 34360847 PMCID: PMC8347278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use and misuse of antibiotics have made antibiotic-resistant bacteria widespread nowadays, constituting one of the most relevant challenges for human health at present. Among these bacteria, opportunistic pathogens with an environmental, non-clinical, primary habitat stand as an increasing matter of concern at hospitals. These organisms usually present low susceptibility to antibiotics currently used for therapy. They are also proficient in acquiring increased resistance levels, a situation that limits the therapeutic options for treating the infections they cause. In this article, we analyse the most predominant opportunistic pathogens with an environmental origin, focusing on the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance they present. Further, we discuss the functions, beyond antibiotic resistance, that these determinants may have in the natural ecosystems that these bacteria usually colonize. Given the capacity of these organisms for colonizing different habitats, from clinical settings to natural environments, and for infecting different hosts, from plants to humans, deciphering their population structure, their mechanisms of resistance and the role that these mechanisms may play in natural ecosystems is of relevance for understanding the dissemination of antibiotic resistance under a One-Health point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - José L. Martínez
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (F.S.-G.); (T.G.-G.); (P.L.); (L.E.O.-S.); (S.H.-A.)
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Lee J, Kim Y, Khadke SK, Lee J. Antibiofilm and antifungal activities of medium-chain fatty acids against Candida albicans via mimicking of the quorum-sensing molecule farnesol. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 14:1353-1366. [PMID: 33252828 PMCID: PMC8313291 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida biofilms are tolerant to conventional antifungal therapeutics and the host immune system. The transition of yeast cells to hyphae is considered a key step in C. albicans biofilm development, and this transition is inhibited by the quorum-sensing molecule farnesol. We hypothesized that fatty acids mimicking farnesol might influence hyphal and biofilm formation by C. albicans. Among 31 saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, six medium-chain saturated fatty acids, that is, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, undecanoic acid and lauric acid, effectively inhibited C. albicans biofilm formation by more than 75% at 2 µg ml-1 with MICs in the range 100-200 µg ml-1 . These six fatty acids at 2 µg ml-1 and farnesol at 100 µg ml-1 inhibited hyphal growth and cell aggregation. The addition of fatty acids to C. albicans cultures decreased the productions of farnesol and sterols. Furthermore, down-regulation of several hyphal and biofilm-related genes caused by heptanoic or nonanoic acid closely resembled the changes caused by farnesol. In addition, nonanoic acid, the most effective compound diminished C. albicans virulence in a Caenorhabditis elegans model. Our results suggest that medium-chain fatty acids inhibit more effectively hyphal growth and biofilm formation than farnesol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin‐Hyung Lee
- School of Chemical EngineeringYeungnam UniversityGyeongsanKorea
| | - Yong‐Guy Kim
- School of Chemical EngineeringYeungnam UniversityGyeongsanKorea
| | | | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical EngineeringYeungnam UniversityGyeongsanKorea
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35
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Zubrova A, Michalikova K, Semerad J, Strejcek M, Cajthaml T, Suman J, Uhlik O. Biphenyl 2,3-Dioxygenase in Pseudomonas alcaliphila JAB1 Is Both Induced by Phenolics and Monoterpenes and Involved in Their Transformation. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:657311. [PMID: 33995321 PMCID: PMC8119895 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.657311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The involvement of bacterial aromatic ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases (ARHDs) in the degradation of aromatic pollutants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), has been well studied. However, there is considerable speculation as to the origin of this ability. One hypothesis is centered on a connection between the ability to degrade aromatic pollutants and the necessity of soil bacteria to cope with and/or utilize secondary plant metabolites (SPMs). To investigate this connection, we researched the involvement of biphenyl 2,3-dioxygenase (BPDO), an ARHD essential for the degradation of PCBs, in the metabolism of SPMs in the soil bacterium Pseudomonas alcaliphila JAB1, a versatile degrader of PCBs. We demonstrated the ability of the strain JAB1 to transform a variety of SPMs, namely the flavonoids apigenin, flavone, flavanone, naringenin, fisetin, quercetin, morin, and catechin, caffeic acid, trans-cinnamic acid, and the monoterpenes (S)-limonene and (R)-carvone. Of those, the transformation of flavone, flavanone, and (S)-limonene was conditioned by the activity of JAB1-borne BPDO and thus was researched in more detail, and we found evidence for the limonene monooxygenase activity of the BPDO. Furthermore, the bphA gene in the strain JAB1 was demonstrated to be induced by a wide range of SPMs, with monoterpenes being the strongest inducers of the SPMs tested. Thus, our findings contribute to the growing body of evidence that ARHDs not only play a role in the catabolism of aromatic pollutants, but also of natural plant-derived aromatics, and this study supports the hypothesis that ARHDs participate in ecological processes mediated by SPMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Zubrova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czechia
| | - Klara Michalikova
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jaroslav Semerad
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia
| | - Michal Strejcek
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czechia
| | - Tomas Cajthaml
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia.,Faculty of Science, Institute for Environmental Studies, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jachym Suman
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czechia
| | - Ondrej Uhlik
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czechia
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Rather MA, Gupta K, Mandal M. Inhibition of biofilm and quorum sensing-regulated virulence factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J. F. Macbr. Leaf extract: An in vitro study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 269:113699. [PMID: 33340600 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMCOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Microbial biofilm formation, a quorum sensing (QS) regulated process, is one of the major causes of nosocomial and chronic infections, foodborne diseases, and associated deaths. Various approaches have been used to eradicate the menace of biofilm. Ethnomedicinal plants as potent antibiofilm agents are gaining a lot of interest in an era where the drug resistance is increasing and the availability of potent antibiotics is no longer promised. In this context, the methanol extract of Cuphea carthagenensis (CCMD), an ethno-medicinal and culinary herb, was evaluated as an antibiofilm and anti-QS agent against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the study is to evaluate the antibiofilm and anti-QS activity of an ethnomedicinal plant against a strong biofilm forming microorganism, P. aeruginosa. METHODS Antibiofilm activity of CCMD was demonstrated at different concentrations by Tissue Culture Plate, Test Tube method and other microscopic techniques. The effect of CCMD on QS and QS-related virulence factors viz. Pyocyanin, exopolymeric substance matrix (EPS), total protease, elastase, pyoverdin and swimming motility in P. aeruginosa were also evaluated. Antioxidant activity (DPPH & FRAP), total phenolic and flavonoid content were also checked. In order to determine the composition of the extract HPLC analysis was also performed. RESULTS In vitro study demonstrated a significant inhibition of biofilm formation (81.88 ± 2.57%) as well as production of QS-dependent virulence factors in P. aeruginosa. The extract also inhibited violacein production (83.31 ± 2.77%) in Chromobacterium violaceum which correlates with the reduction in QS-mediated virulence factors. The extract showed 64.79% ± 0.83% DPPH scavenging activity and reduction of ferricyanide complex (Fe3+) to the ferrous form (Fe2+) in DPPH and FRAP assay, respectively. Furthermore, the extract showed thermal stability and does not have any growth inhibitory effect on P. aeruginosa. The HPLC analysis demonstrated the presence of ellagic acid, ascorbic acid and hippuric acid in the extract. CONCLUSION This work is the first to demonstrate that C. carthagenensis can attenuate biofilm formation and QS-mediated virulence factors of P. aeruginosa. Further investigation is required to use this ethnomedicinal plant (CCMD) as an important source of antibiofilm agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzamil Ahmad Rather
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India.
| | - Kuldeep Gupta
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India.
| | - Manabendra Mandal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India.
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Adeeyo AO, Edokpayi JN, Alabi MA, Msagati TAM, Odiyo JO. Plant active products and emerging interventions in water potabilisation: disinfection and multi-drug resistant pathogen treatment. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-021-00258-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
This review aims at establishing the emerging applications of phytobiotics in water treatment and disinfection.
Results
Statistical analysis of data obtained revealed that the use of plant product in water treatment needs more research attention. A major observation is that plants possess multifaceted components and can be sustainably developed into products for water treatment. The seed (24.53%), flower (20.75), leaf (16.98%) and fruit (11.32%) biomasses are preferred against bulb (3.77%), resin (1.89%), bark (1.89%) and tuber (1.89%). The observation suggests that novel applications of plant in water treatment need further exploration since vast and broader antimicrobial activities (63.63%) is reported than water treatment application (36.37%).
Conclusions
This review has revealed the existing knowledge gaps in exploration of plant resources for water treatment and product development. Chemical complexity of some plant extracts, lack of standardisation, slow working rate, poor water solubility, extraction and purification complexities are limitations that need to be overcome for industrial adoption of phytochemicals in water treatment. The field of phytobiotics should engage modern methodologies such as proteomics, genomics, and metabolomics to minimise challenges confronting phytobiotic standardisation. The knowledge disseminated awaits novel application for plant product development in water treatment.
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Anti-quorum sensing and antibiofilm potential of 1,8-cineole derived from Musa paradisiaca against Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAO1. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:66. [PMID: 33740144 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03029-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the vulnerable opportunistic pathogens associated with nosocomial infections, cystic fibrosis, burn wounds and surgical site infections. Several studies have reported that quorum sensing (QS) systems are controlled the P. aeruginosa pathogenicity. Hence, the targeting of QS considered as an alternative approach to control P. aeruginosa infections. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-quorum sensing and antibiofilm inhibitory potential of Musa paradisiaca against Chromobacterium violaceum (ATCC 12472) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The methanol extract of M. paradisiacsa exhibits that better antibiofilm potential against P. aeruginosa. Then, the crude methanol extract was subjected to purify by column chromatography and collected the fractions. The mass-spectrometric analysis of a methanol extract of M. paradisiaca revealed that 1,8-cineole is the major compounds. 1, 8-cineole significantly inhibited the QS regulated violacein production in C. violaceum. Moreover, 1,8-cineole significantly inhibited the QS mediated virulence production and biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa without affecting their growth. The real-time PCR analysis showed the downregulation of autoinducer synthase and transcriptional regulator genes upon 1,8-cineole treatment. The findings of the present study strongly suggested that metabolite of M. paradisiaca impedes P. aeruginosa QS system and associated virulence productions.
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Nain Z, Mansur FJ, Syed SB, Islam MA, Azakami H, Islam MR, Karim MM. Inhibition of biofilm formation, quorum sensing and other virulence factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by polyphenols of Gynura procumbens leaves. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021; 40:5357-5371. [PMID: 33403919 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1870563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) enables virulence factors in bacteria for biofilm formation and pathogenic invasion. Therefore, quorum quenching (QQ), disruption of QS circuit, becomes an alternative antimicrobial therapy. In this study, leaf extract of Gynura procumbens (GP) was used to inhibit biofilm and virulent factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The extract inhibited the biofilm production (p ≤ 0.05) in P. aeruginosa strains MZ2F and MZ4A. The minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) was recorded at 250 and 500 μg/ml while total activity was found at 288 and 144 ml/g, respectively. Moreover, a significant reduction of virulence factors (p ≤ 0.05) at sub-MBEC without affecting the growth implies the QQ action of the extract. The bioactive fractions were rich in polyphenols and tentatively identified as quercetin and myricetin (Rf=0.53-0.60). Furthermore, we employed computational methods to validate our findings and their interactions with QS receptors (LasR and RhlR). Interestingly, docking studies have also shown that quercetin and myricetin are the promising anti-QS agents out of 31 GP compounds. Notably, their binding affinity ranged between -9.77 and -10.52 kcal/mol for both QS receptors, with controls ranging from -5.40 to -8.97 kcal/mol. Besides, ΔG of quercetin and myricetin with LasR was -71.56 and -74.88 kcal/mol, respectively. Moreover, compounds were suitable drug candidates with stable binding interactions. Therefore, the anti-QS activity of GP leaves and the identified polyphenols can be used in developing QQ-based therapeutics. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulkar Nain
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Fariha Jasin Mansur
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Shifath Bin Syed
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ariful Islam
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Hiroyuki Azakami
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Md Rezuanul Islam
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Minnatul Karim
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
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Antibacterial, anti-biofilm and anti-quorum sensing activities of Artemisia dracunculus essential oil (EO): a study against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:1529-1537. [PMID: 33399891 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-02138-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The study evaluates the effect of Artemisia dracunculus essential oil (EO) on two pathogenic bacteria Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus and Vero cell line. To evaluating the anti-biofilm potential of the EO, a microtiter-plate test (MtP) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed. The quorum-sensing inhibitory properties were examined by QS-related gene expression at sub-MIC concentrations of Artemisia dracunculus EO. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, a tetrazole) test was used to determine the cytotoxicity potential of the EO against the Vero cell line and finally, the major components of the EOs were determined using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the tested EO against S. Typhimurium and S. aureus were 2.5 and 1.25 μl/ml, respectively. In addition, the minimum bactericidal concentration was 5 and 2.5 μl/ml for S. Typhimurium and S. aureus, respectively. Both MtP and SEM showed an acceptable inhibitory and disruption effect of the EO on the biofilm formation at Sub-MIC concentrations. Significant downregulation of luxS, pfs, and hld genes by treatment with MIC/2 concentration of A. dracunculus EO was observed. The IC50 value of A. dracunculus EO against Vero cells was 20 μl/ml. The main detected compound using GC-MS was estragole (methyl chavicol or tarragon) (64.94%). Anti-biofilm, QSI activity, and non-toxicity of A. dracunculus EO reported for the first time in this study propose the use of these plant compounds as alternatives to antibiotics and chemical additives.
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Application of quorum sensing inhibitors for improving anti-biofouling of polyamide reverse osmosis membranes: Direct injection versus surface modification. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Zou J, Liu Y, Guo R, Tang Y, Shi Z, Zhang M, Wu W, Chen Y, Hou K. An In Vitro Coumarin-Antibiotic Combination Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20987744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a worldwide problem due to its great threat to human health. A crude extract of Angelica dahurica has been proved to have antibacterial properties, which suggested that it may be able to inhibit the biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa; initial exploration had shown that the crude extract could inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa effectively. After the adaptive dose of coumarin was confirmed to be a potential treatment for the bacteria’s drug resistance, “coumarin-antibiotic combination treatments” (3 coumarins—simple coumarin, imperatorin, and isoimperatorin—combined with 2 antibiotics—ampicillin and ceftazidime) were examined to determine their capability to inhibit P. aeruginosa. The final results showed that (1) coumarin with either ampicillin or ceftazidime significantly inhibited the biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa; (2) coumarin could directly destroy mature biofilms; and (3) the combination treatment can synergistically enhance the inhibition of biofilm formation, which could significantly reduce the usage of antibiotics and bacterial resistance. To sum up, a coumarin-antibiotic combination treatment may be a potential way to inhibit the biofilm growth of P. aeruginosa and provides a reference for antibiotic resistance treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Zou
- Department of Production of Special Utilizated Plant, Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Production of Special Utilizated Plant, Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Ruiwei Guo
- Department of Production of Special Utilizated Plant, Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Production of Special Utilizated Plant, Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Zhengrong Shi
- Department of Production of Special Utilizated Plant, Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Mengnan Zhang
- Department of Production of Special Utilizated Plant, Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Production of Special Utilizated Plant, Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yinyin Chen
- Department of Production of Special Utilizated Plant, Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Kai Hou
- Department of Production of Special Utilizated Plant, Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
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Yang W, Wei Q, Tong Q, Cui K, He G, Lin L, Ma LZ, Cornelis P, Wang Y. Traditional Chinese Medicine Tanreqing Inhibits Quorum Sensing Systems in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:517462. [PMID: 33391189 PMCID: PMC7775676 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.517462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that can infect a wide variety of hosts including humans, plants, and animals. The production of virulence factors is the determinant of the infection paradigm and is under orchestrated regulation via cell-to-cell communication process called quorum sensing (QS). To disable QS circuits and prevent bacterial infections, a large battery of anti-QS agents, particularly from traditional Chinese medicine have been developed. Here, we used P. aeruginosa as a model microorganism to investigate the effect of traditional Chinese medicine Tanreqing (TRQ) formula on bacterial pathogenicity. Phenotypic analysis showed that TRQ treatment could completely inhibit the production of phenazine pyocyanin and moderately inhibit the production of virulence factors such as rhamnolipids, elastase, and alkaline protease. Further transcriptomic analyses revealed that TRQ treatment could significantly attenuate the expression of QS-regulated genes in P. aeruginosa and TRQ-treated P. aeruginosa regulon shared a large overlap with QS regulon. Component contribution to QS inhibition shed light on the indispensable role of all five components in TRQ formula. Further genetic analysis indicated that upstream regulators of QS systems, including two-component systems GacS/GacA and PprA/PprB, were both inhibited by TRQ treatment. Finally, our TRQ formula could efficiently protect Caenorhabditis elegans from killing by P. aeruginosa. Altogether, we have proved TRQ formula as an effective and specific agent to attenuate bacterial virulence and combat bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Yang
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Wei
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Tong
- School of Biological Engineering and Food Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaiyu Cui
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gaiying He
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Longfei Lin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lvyan Z Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pierre Cornelis
- Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Microbiology Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Université de Rouen Normandie, Normandie Université, Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement, LMSM EA4312, Évreux, France
| | - Yi Wang
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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lasR/rhlR Expression Linked to Quorum Sensing-Mediated Biofilm Formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Using Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized with Ethnobotanical Extracts. BIONANOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-020-00757-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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45
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Ibrahim YM, Abouwarda AM, Nasr T, Omar FA, Bondock S. Antibacterial and anti-quorum sensing activities of a substituted thiazole derivative against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and other multidrug-resistant bacteria. Microb Pathog 2020; 149:104500. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Majik MS, Gawas UB, Mandrekar VK. Next generation quorum sensing inhibitors: Accounts on structure activity relationship studies and biological activities. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115728. [PMID: 33065436 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial resistance is a growing threat which represents major scourge throughout the world. The suitable way to control the present critical situation of antimicrobial resistance would be to develop entirely novel strategies to fight antibiotic resistant pathogens such as quorum sensing (QS) inhibitors or its combination with antibiotics. Anti QS agents can eliminate the QS signals and put the barrier in bio-film formation, consequently, bacterial virulence will be reduced without causing drug-resistance to the pathogens. Among the various anti QS agents identified, especially those of natural origin, furanones or acylatedhomoserine lactones (AHLs) are most popular. Semi-synthetic and synthetic inhibitors have shown greatest potential and have inspired chemists to design synthetically modified QS inhibitors with lactone moiety. This review focuses on anti QS agents (bio-film inhibitors) of both natural and synthetic origins. Further, the synthesis, structure activity relationship and anti QS activity covering literature from 2015 till March 2020 has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh S Majik
- Department of Chemistry, Dnyanprassarak Mandal's College and Research Centre, Assagao, Goa 403 507, India; Department of Chemistry, Government College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Khandola, Marcela, Goa 403 107, India
| | - Umesh B Gawas
- Department of Chemistry, Dnyanprassarak Mandal's College and Research Centre, Assagao, Goa 403 507, India
| | - Vinod K Mandrekar
- Department of Chemistry, St. Xavier's College, Mapusa, Goa 403 507, India.
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The Potential of Plant-Based Bioactive Compounds on Inhibition of Aflatoxin B1 Biosynthesis and Down-regulation of aflR, aflM and aflP Genes. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9110728. [PMID: 33113979 PMCID: PMC7690750 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9110728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of plant extracts in pre- and post-harvest disease management of agricultural crops to cope with aflatoxin B1 contamination has shown great promise due to their capability in managing toxins and safe-keeping the quality. We investigated the anti-aflatoxigenic effect of multiple doses of eight plant extracts (Heracleum persicum, Peganum harmala, Crocus sativus, Trachyspermum ammi, Rosmarinus officinalis, Anethum graveolens, Berberis vulgaris, Berberis thunbergii) on Aspergillus flavus via LC-MS and the down-regulatory effect of them on aflR, aflM and aflP genes involved in the aflatoxin B1 biosynthesis pathway using RT-qPCR analyses. Our results showed that H. persicum (4 mg/mL), P. harmala (6 mg/mL) and T. ammi (2 mg/mL) completely stopped the production of aflatoxin B1, without inducing significant changes in A. flavus growth. Furthermore, our findings showed a highly significant correlation between the gene expression and the aflatoxin B1 biosynthesis, such that certain doses of the extracts reduced or blocked the expression of the aflR, aflM and aflP and consequently reduced the synthesis of aflatoxin B1. Interestingly, compared to the regulatory gene (aflR), the down-regulation of expression in the structural genes (aflM and aflP) was more consistent and correlated with the inhibition of aflatoxin B1 production. Overall, this study reveals the anti-aflatoxigenic mechanisms of the selected plant extracts at the gene expression level and provides evidence for their use in plant and crop protection.
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Abdel-Rhman SH, Rizk DE, Abdelmegeed ES. Effect of Sub-Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations of Tyrosol and EDTA on Quorum Sensing and Virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:3501-3511. [PMID: 33116669 PMCID: PMC7550211 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s264805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pseudomonas aeruginosa is considered a dangerous pathogen, as it causes many human diseases, besides that it is resistant to almost all types of antibacterial agents. So, new strategies to overcome P. aeruginosa infection have evolved to attenuate its virulence factors and inhibit its quorum-sensing (QS) activity. Purpose This study investigated the effect of tyrosol and EDTA as anti-quorum-sensing and antivirulence agents against P. aeruginosa PAO1. Methods Anti-quorum activity of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of tyrosol and EDTA was tested using Chromobacterium violaceum (CV 12,472) biosensor bioassay. Miller assay was used to assess the inhibition of QS signal molecules by β-galactosidase activity determination. Also, their effects on the production of protease, lipase, lecithinase, and motility were tested. The inhibitory effects of these molecules on QS regulatory genes and exotoxins genes expression were evaluated by real-time PCR. Results Tyrosol and EDTA at sub-MICs inhibited the production of violacein pigment. Both compounds inhibited QS molecules production and their associated virulence factors (protease, lipase, lecithinase, and motility) (P≤ 0.05). Besides, the expression levels of QS regulatory genes (lasI, lasR, rhƖI, rhIR, pqsA, and pqsR) and exotoxins genes (exoS and exoY) were significantly reduced (P≤ 0.05). Conclusion Both tyrosol and EDTA can be used to fight P. aeruginosa infection as anti-quorum-sensing and antivirulence agents at their sub-MICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaymaa H Abdel-Rhman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Taibah University, AlMadinah Al Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dina E Rizk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Eman S Abdelmegeed
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Hosseinzadeh S, Dastmalchi Saei H, Ahmadi M, Zahraei-Salehi T. Anti-quorum sensing effects of licochalcone A and epigallocatechin-3-gallate against Salmonella Typhimurium isolates from poultry sources. VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2020; 11:273-279. [PMID: 33133465 PMCID: PMC7597796 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2019.95102.2289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell density-dependent mechanism used by many pathogenic bacteria for regulating virulence gene expression. Inhibition or interruption of QS by medicinal plant remedies has been suggested as a new strategy for fighting against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This study aimed to assess the impact of sub-inhibitory concentrations of licochalcone A (LAA) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) as natural plant products on the QS-associated genes (sdiA and luxS) expression. The PCR test was used to confirm the presence of sdiA and luxS genes in 23 S. Typhimurium isolates from poultry. The quantitative real-time PCR assay was used to analyze the expression of sdiA and luxS in S. Typhimurium isolates in response to the treatment with sub-inhibitory concentrations of LAA and EGCG at 45-min time point. All S. Typhimurium isolates showed the presence of sdiA and luxS genes (100%). As result, the expression of QS-related genes was significantly reduced in S. Typhimurium isolates following treatment with LAA and EGCG. In conclusion, LAA and EGCG showed anti-QS activity with down-regulation of both sdiA and luxS genes in S. Typhimurium, suggesting potential therapeutic use of them against salmonellosis. However, it must be pointed out that the safety and efficiency of these compounds need more thorough research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayyeh Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Habib Dastmalchi Saei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Malahat Ahmadi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Taghi Zahraei-Salehi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Karthick Raja Namasivayam S, Angel J, Bharani RSA, Nachiyar CV. Terminalia chebula and Ficus racemosa principles mediated repression of novel drug target Las R - the transcriptional regulator and its controlled virulence factors produced by multiple drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Biocompatible formulation against drug resistant bacteria. Microb Pathog 2020; 148:104412. [PMID: 32798672 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa- major group of an aerobic bacteria associated with nosocomial and other life threatening infections. Diverse virulence factors produced by P. aeruginosa is due to distinct molecular cell signaling mechanism termed as quorum sensing (QS). Interfering with normal QS mechanism by active biomolecules is an effective strategy for attenuating its virulence. With this objective, the present study is undertaken to evaluate the inhibition of quorum sensing of clinical isolate of P. aeruginosa by repression of Las R-a transcriptional regulator for QS by ethanol extract of Terminalia chebula and Ficus racemosa. Las R repression by the plant extracts was measured in inhibition of various virulence factors like biofilm, pyocyanin production, total proteolytic activity, swarming and twisting motility. Fabrication of the extracted metabolites on the wound dressing and its effect on anti bacterial activity was also investigated. Compatibility of plant extracts on zebra fish development and blood cells was further studied. P. aeruginosa was isolated from the post operative patient and the isolated pure culture was identified by cultural, biochemical, molecular characteristics. Active principles of both the plants were readily extracted in ethanol and effectively repressed the expression of Las R. Both the tested plant extracts effectively repressed Las R expression which in turn affect the production of various virulence factors like biofilm formation, pyocyanin production, swarming motility, twisting motility, total proteolytic activity, cell adhesion and signaling molecule acyl honoserine lactone (AHL) production. Plant extract treatment brought about drastic reduction of all the tested virulence factors and AHL production. Extracted metabolites were fabricated on the wound dressing material adopting simple dip or immersion method reveals uniform coating, effective embedding of phytochemicals with the fibers and retained the anti bacterial activity against P. aeruginosa. Biocompatibility studies with zebra fish model shows both the tested plant extracts treatment was not exhibited any sign of toxicity on the developmental stages of Zebra fish. Hemolysis and changes in anti oxidative enzymes were not recorded in the plant extracts treated blood which demonstrated the best biocompatibility of the tested plant extracts. These results shows that the presence of potential phytochemicals in the ethanolic extract of Terminalia chebula and Ficus racemosa effectively represses the Las R followed by inhibition of quorum sensing mediated virulence factors production may be useful in the lead of anti bacterial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Karthick Raja Namasivayam
- Centre for Bioresource Research & Development (C-BIRD), Department of Biotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Jerry Angel
- Centre for Bioresource Research & Development (C-BIRD), Department of Biotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R S Arvind Bharani
- Centre for Bioresource Research & Development (C-BIRD), Department of Biotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C Valli Nachiyar
- Centre for Bioresource Research & Development (C-BIRD), Department of Biotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
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