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Goldschmidt-Clermont PJ, Khan A, Jimsheleishvili G, Graham P, Brooks A, Silvera R, Goldschmidt AJP, Pearse DD, Dietrich WD, Levi AD, Guest JD. Treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles: a case report. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:1207-1216. [PMID: 38922880 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells are essential for the maintenance and function of motor neurons, axonal networks, and the neuromuscular junction. In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, where motor neuron function is progressively lost, Schwann cell function may also be impaired. Recently, important signaling and potential trophic activities of Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles have been reported. This case report describes the treatment of a patient with advanced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using serial intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles, marking, to our knowledge, the first instance of such treatment. An 81-year-old male patient presented with a 1.5-year history of rapidly progressive amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. After initial diagnosis, the patient underwent a combination of generic riluzole, sodium phenylbutyrate for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and taurursodiol. The patient volunteered to participate in an FDA-approved single-patient expanded access treatment and received weekly intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles to potentially restore impaired Schwann cell and motor neuron function. We confirmed that cultured Schwann cells obtained from the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient via sural nerve biopsy appeared impaired (senescent) and that exposure of the patient's Schwann cells to allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles, cultured expanded from a cadaver donor improved their growth capacity in vitro. After a period of observation lasting 10 weeks, during which amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised and pulmonary function were regularly monitored, the patient received weekly consecutive infusions of 1.54 × 10 12 (×2), and then consecutive infusions of 7.5 × 10 12 (×6) allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles diluted in 40 mL of Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline. None of the infusions were associated with adverse events such as infusion reactions (allergic or otherwise) or changes in vital signs. Clinical lab serum neurofilament and cytokine levels measured prior to each infusion varied somewhat without a clear trend. A more sensitive in-house assay suggested possible inflammasome activation during the disease course. A trend for clinical stabilization was observed during the infusion period. Our study provides a novel approach to address impaired Schwann cells and possibly motor neuron function in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles. Initial findings suggest that this approach is safe.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aisha Khan
- Stem Cell Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - George Jimsheleishvili
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Patricia Graham
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Adriana Brooks
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Risset Silvera
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Damien D Pearse
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Neurological Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - W Dalton Dietrich
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Neurological Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Allan D Levi
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Neurological Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - James D Guest
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Neurological Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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2
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Smith TA, Zhou L, Ghergherehchi CL, Mikesh M, Yang CZ, Tucker HO, Allgood J, Bushman JS, Bittner GD. Polyethylene glycol has immunoprotective effects on sciatic allografts, but behavioral recovery and graft tolerance require neurorrhaphy and axonal fusion. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:1192-1206. [PMID: 38989956 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202504000-00033/figure1/v/2024-07-06T104127Z/r/image-tiff Behavioral recovery using (viable) peripheral nerve allografts to repair ablation-type (segmental-loss) peripheral nerve injuries is delayed or poor due to slow and inaccurate axonal regeneration. Furthermore, such peripheral nerve allografts undergo immunological rejection by the host immune system. In contrast, peripheral nerve injuries repaired by polyethylene glycol fusion of peripheral nerve allografts exhibit excellent behavioral recovery within weeks, reduced immune responses, and many axons do not undergo Wallerian degeneration. The relative contribution of neurorrhaphy and polyethylene glycol-fusion of axons versus the effects of polyethylene glycol per se was unknown prior to this study. We hypothesized that polyethylene glycol might have some immune-protective effects, but polyethylene glycol-fusion was necessary to prevent Wallerian degeneration and functional/behavioral recovery. We examined how polyethylene glycol solutions per se affect functional and behavioral recovery and peripheral nerve allograft morphological and immunological responses in the absence of polyethylene glycol-induced axonal fusion. Ablation-type sciatic nerve injuries in outbred Sprague-Dawley rats were repaired according to a modified protocol using the same solutions as polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts, but peripheral nerve allografts were loose-sutured (loose-sutured polyethylene glycol) with an intentional gap of 1-2 mm to prevent fusion by polyethylene glycol of peripheral nerve allograft axons with host axons. Similar to negative control peripheral nerve allografts not treated by polyethylene glycol and in contrast to polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts, animals with loose-sutured polyethylene glycol peripheral nerve allografts exhibited Wallerian degeneration for all axons and myelin degeneration by 7 days postoperatively and did not recover sciatic-mediated behavioral functions by 42 days postoperatively. Other morphological signs of rejection, such as collapsed Schwann cell basal lamina tubes, were absent in polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts but commonly observed in negative control and loose-sutured polyethylene glycol peripheral nerve allografts at 21 days postoperatively. Loose-sutured polyethylene glycol peripheral nerve allografts had more pro-inflammatory and less anti-inflammatory macrophages than negative control peripheral nerve allografts. While T cell counts were similarly high in loose-sutured-polyethylene glycol and negative control peripheral nerve allografts, loose-sutured polyethylene glycol peripheral nerve allografts expressed some cytokines/chemokines important for T cell activation at much lower levels at 14 days postoperatively. MHCI expression was elevated in loose-sutured polyethylene glycol peripheral nerve allografts, but MHCII expression was modestly lower compared to negative control at 21 days postoperatively. We conclude that, while polyethylene glycol per se reduces some immune responses of peripheral nerve allografts, successful polyethylene glycol-fusion repair of some axons is necessary to prevent Wallerian degeneration of those axons and immune rejection of peripheral nerve allografts, and produce recovery of sensory/motor functions and voluntary behaviors. Translation of polyethylene glycol-fusion technologies would produce a paradigm shift from the current clinical practice of waiting days to months to repair ablation peripheral nerve injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler A Smith
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Liwen Zhou
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | | | - Michelle Mikesh
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Cathy Z Yang
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Haley O Tucker
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - JuliAnne Allgood
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Jared S Bushman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - George D Bittner
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Gao M, Wang X, Su S, Feng W, Lai Y, Huang K, Cao D, Wang Q. Meningeal lymphatic vessel crosstalk with central nervous system immune cells in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:763-778. [PMID: 38886941 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Meningeal lymphatic vessels form a relationship between the nervous system and periphery, which is relevant in both health and disease. Meningeal lymphatic vessels not only play a key role in the drainage of brain metabolites but also contribute to antigen delivery and immune cell activation. The advent of novel genomic technologies has enabled rapid progress in the characterization of myeloid and lymphoid cells and their interactions with meningeal lymphatic vessels within the central nervous system. In this review, we provide an overview of the multifaceted roles of meningeal lymphatic vessels within the context of the central nervous system immune network, highlighting recent discoveries on the immunological niche provided by meningeal lymphatic vessels. Furthermore, we delve into the mechanisms of crosstalk between meningeal lymphatic vessels and immune cells in the central nervous system under both homeostatic conditions and neurodegenerative diseases, discussing how these interactions shape the pathological outcomes. Regulation of meningeal lymphatic vessel function and structure can influence lymphatic drainage, cerebrospinal fluid-borne immune modulators, and immune cell populations in aging and neurodegenerative disorders, thereby playing a key role in shaping meningeal and brain parenchyma immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghuang Gao
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shijie Su
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Weicheng Feng
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yaona Lai
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kongli Huang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dandan Cao
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Hu B, Wang R, Zhang H, Wang X, Zhou S, Ma B, Luan Y, Wang X, Chen X, Zhang Z, Kang Q. Postnatal development of rat retina: a continuous observation and comparison between the organotypic retinal explant model and in vivo development. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:900-912. [PMID: 38886961 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202503000-00033/figure1/v/2024-06-17T092413Z/r/image-tiff The organotypic retinal explant culture has been established for more than a decade and offers a range of unique advantages compared with in vivo experiments and cell cultures. However, the lack of systematic and continuous comparison between in vivo retinal development and the organotypic retinal explant culture makes this model controversial in postnatal retinal development studies. Thus, we aimed to verify the feasibility of using this model for postnatal retinal development studies by comparing it with the in vivo retina. In this study, we showed that postnatal retinal explants undergo normal development, and exhibit a consistent structure and timeline with retinas in vivo. Initially, we used SOX2 and PAX6 immunostaining to identify retinal progenitor cells. We then examined cell proliferation and migration by immunostaining with Ki-67 and doublecortin, respectively. Ki-67- and doublecortin-positive cells decreased in both in vivo and explants during postnatal retinogenesis, and exhibited a high degree of similarity in abundance and distribution between groups. Additionally, we used Ceh-10 homeodomain-containing homolog, glutamate-ammonia ligase (glutamine synthetase), neuronal nuclei, and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 immunostaining to examine the emergence of bipolar cells, Müller glia, mature neurons, and microglia, respectively. The timing and spatial patterns of the emergence of these cell types were remarkably consistent between in vivo and explant retinas. Our study showed that the organotypic retinal explant culture model had a high degree of consistency with the progression of in vivo early postnatal retina development. The findings confirm the accuracy and credibility of this model and support its use for long-term, systematic, and continuous observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoqi Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hanyue Zhang
- Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiou Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Sijia Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Bo Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yan Luan
- Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xinlin Chen
- Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhichao Zhang
- Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Qianyan Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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Abokyi S, Tse DYY. Age-related driving mechanisms of retinal diseases and neuroprotection by transcription factor EB-targeted therapy. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:366-377. [PMID: 38819040 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-02033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinal aging has been recognized as a significant risk factor for various retinal disorders, including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and glaucoma, following a growing understanding of the molecular underpinnings of their development. This comprehensive review explores the mechanisms of retinal aging and investigates potential neuroprotective approaches, focusing on the activation of transcription factor EB. Recent meta-analyses have demonstrated promising outcomes of transcription factor EB-targeted strategies, such as exercise, calorie restriction, rapamycin, and metformin, in patients and animal models of these common retinal diseases. The review critically assesses the role of transcription factor EB in retinal biology during aging, its neuroprotective effects, and its therapeutic potential for retinal disorders. The impact of transcription factor EB on retinal aging is cell-specific, influencing metabolic reprogramming and energy homeostasis in retinal neurons through the regulation of mitochondrial quality control and nutrient-sensing pathways. In vascular endothelial cells, transcription factor EB controls important processes, including endothelial cell proliferation, endothelial tube formation, and nitric oxide levels, thereby influencing the inner blood-retinal barrier, angiogenesis, and retinal microvasculature. Additionally, transcription factor EB affects vascular smooth muscle cells, inhibiting vascular calcification and atherogenesis. In retinal pigment epithelial cells, transcription factor EB modulates functions such as autophagy, lysosomal dynamics, and clearance of the aging pigment lipofuscin, thereby promoting photoreceptor survival and regulating vascular endothelial growth factor A expression involved in neovascularization. These cell-specific functions of transcription factor EB significantly impact retinal aging mechanisms encompassing proteostasis, neuronal synapse plasticity, energy metabolism, microvasculature, and inflammation, ultimately offering protection against retinal aging and diseases. The review emphasizes transcription factor EB as a potential therapeutic target for retinal diseases. Therefore, it is imperative to obtain well-controlled direct experimental evidence to confirm the efficacy of transcription factor EB modulation in retinal diseases while minimizing its risk of adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Abokyi
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Research Center for SHARP Vision, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Dennis Yan-Yin Tse
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Research Center for SHARP Vision, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Center for Eye and Vision Research, Sha Tin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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Miao Y, Wolfe MS. Emerging structures and dynamic mechanisms of γ-secretase for Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:174-180. [PMID: 38767485 PMCID: PMC11246123 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
γ-Secretase, called "the proteasome of the membrane," is a membrane-embedded protease complex that cleaves 150+ peptide substrates with central roles in biology and medicine, including amyloid precursor protein and the Notch family of cell-surface receptors. Mutations in γ-secretase and amyloid precursor protein lead to early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease. γ-Secretase has thus served as a critical drug target for treating familial Alzheimer's disease and the more common late-onset Alzheimer's disease as well. However, critical gaps remain in understanding the mechanisms of processive proteolysis of substrates, the effects of familial Alzheimer's disease mutations, and allosteric modulation of substrate cleavage by γ-secretase. In this review, we focus on recent studies of structural dynamic mechanisms of γ-secretase. Different mechanisms, including the "Fit-Stay-Trim," "Sliding-Unwinding," and "Tilting-Unwinding," have been proposed for substrate proteolysis of amyloid precursor protein by γ-secretase based on all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. While an incorrect registry of the Notch1 substrate was identified in the cryo-electron microscopy structure of Notch1-bound γ-secretase, molecular dynamics simulations on a resolved model of Notch1-bound γ-secretase that was reconstructed using the amyloid precursor protein-bound γ-secretase as a template successfully captured γ-secretase activation for proper cleavages of both wildtype and mutant Notch, being consistent with biochemical experimental findings. The approach could be potentially applied to decipher the processing mechanisms of various substrates by γ-secretase. In addition, controversy over the effects of familial Alzheimer's disease mutations, particularly the issue of whether they stabilize or destabilize γ-secretase-substrate complexes, is discussed. Finally, an outlook is provided for future studies of γ-secretase, including pathways of substrate binding and product release, effects of modulators on familial Alzheimer's disease mutations of the γ-secretase-substrate complexes. Comprehensive understanding of the functional mechanisms of γ-secretase will greatly facilitate the rational design of effective drug molecules for treating familial Alzheimer's disease and perhaps Alzheimer's disease in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglong Miao
- Computational Medicine Program and Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michael S. Wolfe
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
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Fisman D, Giglio N, Levin MJ, Nguyen VH, Pelton SI, Postma M, Ruiz-Aragón J, Urueña A, Mould-Quevedo JF. The economic rationale for cell-based influenza vaccines in children and adults: A review of cost-effectiveness analyses. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2351675. [PMID: 38835218 PMCID: PMC11155702 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2351675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Seasonal influenza significantly affects both health and economic costs in children and adults. This narrative review summarizes published cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) of cell-based influenza vaccines in children and adults <65 years of age, critically assesses the assumptions and approaches used in these analyses, and considers the role of cell-based influenza vaccines for children and adults. CEAs from multiple countries demonstrated the cost-effectiveness of cell-based quadrivalent influenza vaccines (QIVc) compared with egg-based trivalent/quadrivalent influenza vaccines (TIVe/QIVe). CEA findings were consistent across models relying on different relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) estimate inputs, with the rVE of QIVc versus QIVe ranging from 8.1% to 36.2% in favor of QIVc. Across multiple scenarios and types of analyses, QIVc was consistently cost-effective compared with QIVe, including in children and adults across different regions of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Fisman
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Norberto Giglio
- Servicio de Consultorios Externos de Pediatría. Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Myron J. Levin
- Departments of Pedatrics and Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado, United States
| | | | - Stephen I. Pelton
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maarten Postma
- Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
- Faculty of Economics & Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Analia Urueña
- Centro de Estudios para la Prevención y Control de Enfermedades Transmisibles, Universidad Isalud, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Cargnin Faccin F, Perez DR. Pandemic preparedness through vaccine development for avian influenza viruses. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2347019. [PMID: 38807261 PMCID: PMC11141480 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2347019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza A viruses pose a significant threat to global health, impacting both humans and animals. Zoonotic transmission, particularly from swine and avian species, is the primary source of human influenza outbreaks. Notably, avian influenza viruses of the H5N1, H7N9, and H9N2 subtypes are of pandemic concern through their global spread and sporadic human infections. Preventing and controlling these viruses is critical due to their high threat level. Vaccination remains the most effective strategy for influenza prevention and control in humans, despite varying vaccine efficacy across strains. This review focuses specifically on pandemic preparedness for avian influenza viruses. We delve into vaccines tested in animal models and summarize clinical trials conducted on H5N1, H7N9, and H9N2 vaccines in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio Cargnin Faccin
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Daniel R. Perez
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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Yang S, Wang Q, Li T, Long J, Xiong Y, Feng L, Wang Q, Zhao Y, Yang J, Tang W, Zhang H, Qi L. Effectiveness of influenza vaccine among the population in Chongqing, China, 2018-2022: A test negative design-based evaluation. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2376821. [PMID: 39025479 PMCID: PMC11259055 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2376821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza vaccination is the most cost-effective strategy for influenza prevention. Influenza vaccines have been found to be effective against symptomatic and medically attended outpatient influenza illnesses. However, there is currently a lack of data regarding the effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccines in Chongqing, China. We conducted a prospective observational test-negative design study. Outpatient and emergency cases presenting with influenza-like illnesses (ILI) and available influenza reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were selected and classified as cases (positive influenza RT-PCR) or controls (negative influenza RT-PCR). A total of 7,307 cases of influenza and 7,905 control subjects were included in this study. The overall adjusted influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) was 44.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): 32.5-54.2%). In the age groups of less than 6 years old, 6-18 years old, and 19-59 years old, the adjusted IVE were 32.2% (95% CI: 10.0-48.9%), 48.2% (95% CI: 30.6-61.4%), and 72.0% (95% CI: 43.6-86.1%). The adjusted IVE for H1N1, H3N2 and B (Victoria) were 71.1% (95% CI: 55.4-81.3%), 36.1% (95% CI: 14.6-52.2%) and 33.7% (95% CI: 14.6-48.5%). Influenza vaccination was effective in Chongqing from 2018 to 2022. Evaluating IVE in this area is feasible and should be conducted annually in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Yang
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
- 2023 Key Disciplines on Public Health Construction in Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
- 2023 Key Disciplines on Public Health Construction in Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiang Long
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
- 2023 Key Disciplines on Public Health Construction in Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Xiong
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
- 2023 Key Disciplines on Public Health Construction in Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Luzhao Feng
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jule Yang
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
- 2023 Key Disciplines on Public Health Construction in Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenge Tang
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
- 2023 Key Disciplines on Public Health Construction in Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Huadong Zhang
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
- 2023 Key Disciplines on Public Health Construction in Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Qi
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
- 2023 Key Disciplines on Public Health Construction in Chongqing, Chongqing, China
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Uchiyama H, Kudo T, Yamaguchi T, Obana N, Watanabe K, Abe K, Miyazaki H, Toyofuku M, Nomura N, Akeda Y, Nakao R. Mucosal adjuvanticity and mucosal booster effect of colibactin-depleted probiotic Escherichia coli membrane vesicles. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2337987. [PMID: 38658133 PMCID: PMC11057659 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2337987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest in development of novel vaccines against respiratory tract infections, due to COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we examined mucosal adjuvanticity and the mucosal booster effect of membrane vesicles (MVs) of a novel probiotic E. coli derivative lacking both flagella and potentially carcinogenic colibactin (ΔflhDΔclbP). ΔflhDΔclbP-derived MVs showed rather strong mucosal adjuvanticity as compared to those of a single flagellar mutant strain (ΔflhD-MVs). In addition, glycoengineered ΔflhDΔclbP-MVs displaying serotype-14 pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide (CPS14+MVs) were well-characterized based on biological and physicochemical parameters. Subcutaneous (SC) and intranasal (IN) booster effects of CPS14+MVs on systemic and mucosal immunity were evaluated in mice that have already been subcutaneously prime-immunized with the same MVs. With a two-dose regimen, an IN boost (SC-IN) elicited stronger IgA responses than homologous prime-boost immunization (SC-SC). With a three-dose regimen, serum IgG levels were comparable among all tested regimens. Homologous immunization (SC-SC-SC) elicited the highest IgM responses among all regimens tested, whereas SC-SC-SC failed to elicit IgA responses in blood and saliva. Furthermore, serum IgA and salivary SIgA levels were increased with an increased number of IN doses administrated. Notably, SC-IN-IN induced not only robust IgG response, but also the highest IgA response in both serum and saliva among the groups. The present findings suggest the potential of a heterologous three-dose administration for building both systemic and mucosal immunity, e.g. an SC-IN-IN vaccine regimen could be beneficial. Another important observation was abundant packaging of colibactin in MVs, suggesting increased applicability of ΔflhDΔclbP-MVs in the context of vaccine safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Uchiyama
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kudo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nozomu Obana
- Tsukuba Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kimihiro Abe
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Miyazaki
- Department of Oculoplastic, Orbital and Lacrimal Surgery, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Toyofuku
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Nomura
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Akeda
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoma Nakao
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Ren Y, Zhu R, You X, Li D, Guo M, Fei B, Liu Y, Yang X, Liu X, Li Y. Quercetin: a promising virulence inhibitor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa LasB in vitro. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:57. [PMID: 38180553 PMCID: PMC10770215 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12890-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
With the inappropriate use of antibiotics, antibiotic resistance has emerged as a major dilemma for patients infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Elastase B (LasB), a crucial extracellular virulence factor secreted by P. aeruginosa, has been identified as a key target for antivirulence therapy. Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, exhibits promising potential as an antivirulence agent. We aim to evaluate the impact of quercetin on P. aeruginosa LasB and elucidate the underlying mechanism. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation revealed a rather favorable intermolecular interaction between quercetin and LasB. At the sub-MICs of ≤256 μg/ml, quercetin was found to effectively inhibit the production and activity of LasB elastase, as well as downregulate the transcription level of the lasB gene in both PAO1 and clinical strains of P. aeruginosa. Through correlation analysis, significant positive correlations were shown between the virulence gene lasB and the QS system regulatory genes lasI, lasR, rhlI, and rhlR in clinical strains of P. aeruginosa. Then, we found the lasB gene expression and LasB activity were significantly deficient in PAO1 ΔlasI and ΔlasIΔrhlI mutants. In addition, quercetin significantly downregulated the expression levels of regulated genes lasI, lasR, rhlI, rhlR, pqsA, and pqsR as well as effectively attenuated the synthesis of signaling molecules 3-oxo-C12-HSL and C4-HSL in the QS system of PAO1. Quercetin was also able to compete with the natural ligands OdDHL, BHL, and PQS for binding to the receptor proteins LasR, RhlR, and PqsR, respectively, resulting in the formation of more stabilized complexes. Taken together, quercetin exhibits enormous potential in combating LasB production and activity by disrupting the QS system of P. aeruginosa in vitro, thereby offering an alternative approach for the antivirulence therapy of P. aeruginosa infections. KEY POINTS: • Quercetin diminished the content and activity of LasB elastase of P. aeruginosa. • Quercetin inhibited the QS system activity of P. aeruginosa. • Quercetin acted on LasB based on the QS system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanying Ren
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiaojuan You
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Dengzhou Li
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Mengyu Guo
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Bing Fei
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Ximing Yang
- Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Peking, 100700, China.
| | - Xinwei Liu
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
- Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Yongwei Li
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
- Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbes & Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Identification of Pathogenic Microbes, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Antibiotics-Resistant Bacterial Infection Prevention & Therapy with Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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12
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Luo Q, Lu P, Chen Y, Shen P, Zheng B, Ji J, Ying C, Liu Z, Xiao Y. ESKAPE in China: epidemiology and characteristics of antibiotic resistance. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2317915. [PMID: 38356197 PMCID: PMC10896150 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2317915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The escalation of antibiotic resistance and the diminishing antimicrobial pipeline have emerged as significant threats to public health. The ESKAPE pathogens - Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp. - were initially identified as critical multidrug-resistant bacteria, demanding urgently effective therapies. Despite the introduction of various new antibiotics and antibiotic adjuvants, such as innovative β-lactamase inhibitors, these organisms continue to pose substantial therapeutic challenges. People's Republic of China, as a country facing a severe bacterial resistance situation, has undergone a series of changes and findings in recent years in terms of the prevalence, transmission characteristics and resistance mechanisms of antibiotic resistant bacteria. The increasing levels of population mobility have not only shaped the unique characteristics of antibiotic resistance prevalence and transmission within People's Republic of China but have also indirectly reflected global patterns of antibiotic-resistant dissemination. What's more, as a vast nation, People's Republic of China exhibits significant variations in the levels of antibiotic resistance and the prevalence characteristics of antibiotic resistant bacteria across different provinces and regions. In this review, we examine the current epidemiology and characteristics of this important group of bacterial pathogens, delving into relevant mechanisms of resistance to recently introduced antibiotics that impact their clinical utility in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixia Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, College of medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, College of medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunbo Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, College of medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, College of medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Beiwen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, College of medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinru Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, College of medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaoqun Ying
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, College of medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiying Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, College of medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonghong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, College of medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Keeley O, Coyne AN. Nuclear and degradative functions of the ESCRT-III pathway: implications for neurodegenerative disease. Nucleus 2024; 15:2349085. [PMID: 38700207 PMCID: PMC11073439 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2349085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The ESCRT machinery plays a pivotal role in membrane-remodeling events across multiple cellular processes including nuclear envelope repair and reformation, nuclear pore complex surveillance, endolysosomal trafficking, and neuronal pruning. Alterations in ESCRT-III functionality have been associated with neurodegenerative diseases including Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). In addition, mutations in specific ESCRT-III proteins have been identified in FTD/ALS. Thus, understanding how disruptions in the fundamental functions of this pathway and its individual protein components in the human central nervous system (CNS) may offer valuable insights into mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis and identification of potential therapeutic targets. In this review, we discuss ESCRT components, dynamics, and functions, with a focus on the ESCRT-III pathway. In addition, we explore the implications of altered ESCRT-III function for neurodegeneration with a primary emphasis on nuclear surveillance and endolysosomal trafficking within the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Keeley
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alyssa N. Coyne
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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14
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Wenbo L, Yewei Y, Hui Z, Zhongyu L. Hijacking host cell vesicular transport: New insights into the nutrient acquisition mechanism of Chlamydia. Virulence 2024; 15:2351234. [PMID: 38773735 PMCID: PMC11123459 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2351234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia infection is an important cause of public health diseases, and no effective vaccine is currently available. Owing to its unique intracellular lifestyle, Chlamydia requires a variety of nutrients and substrates from host cells, particularly sphingomyelin, cholesterol, iron, amino acids, and the mannose-6-phosphate receptor, which are essential for inclusion development. Here, we summarize the recent advances in Chlamydia nutrient acquisition mechanism by hijacking host cell vesicular transport, which plays an important role in chlamydial growth and development. Chlamydia obtains the components necessary to complete its intracellular developmental cycle by recruiting Rab proteins (major vesicular trafficking regulators) and Rab effector proteins to the inclusion, interfering with Rab-mediated multivesicular trafficking, reorienting the nutrition of host cells, and reconstructing the intracellular niche environment. Consequently, exploring the role of vesicular transport in nutrient acquisition offers a novel perspective on new approaches for preventing and treating Chlamydia infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wenbo
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yewei
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Zhou Hui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhongyu
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
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15
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Chen G, Wang Y, Wang X. Insulin-related traits and prostate cancer: A Mendelian randomization study. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:2337-2344. [PMID: 38867724 PMCID: PMC11167198 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Investigating the causal relationship between insulin secretion and prostate cancer (PCa) development is challenging due to the multifactorial nature of PCa, which complicates the isolation of the specific impact of insulin-related factors. We conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to investigate the associations between insulin secretion-related traits and PCa. We used 36, 60, 56, 23, 48, and 49 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables for fasting insulin, insulin sensitivity, proinsulin, and proinsulin in nondiabetic individuals, individuals with diabetes, and individuals receiving exogenous insulin, respectively. These SNPs were selected from various genome-wide association studies. To clarify the causal relationship between insulin-related traits and PCa, we utilized a multivariable MR analysis to adjust for obesity and body fat percentage. Additionally, two-step Mendelian randomization was conducted to assess the role of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in the relationship between proinsulin and PCa. Two-sample MR analysis revealed strong associations between genetically predicted fasting insulin, insulin sensitivity, proinsulin, and proinsulin in nondiabetic individuals and the development of PCa. After adjustment for obesity and body fat percentage using multivariable MR analysis, proinsulin remained significantly associated with PCa, whereas other factors were not. Furthermore, two-step MR analysis demonstrated that proinsulin acts as a negative factor in prostate carcinogenesis, largely independent of IGF-1. This study provides evidence suggesting that proinsulin may act as a negative factor contributing to the development of PCa. Novel therapies targeting proinsulin may have potential benefits for PCa patients, potentially reducing the need for unnecessary surgical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Chen
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
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16
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Isenmann E, Veit S, Flenker U, Lesch A, Lachenmeier DW, Diel P. Influence of short-term chronic oral cannabidiol application on muscle recovery and performance after an intensive training protocol - a randomized double-blind crossover study. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2024; 21:2337252. [PMID: 38572744 PMCID: PMC10997358 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2024.2337252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid regeneration after intense exercise is essential for competitive athletes. Based on this assumption, supplementation strategies, focusing on food supplements, are increasing to improve the recovery processes. One such supplement is cannabidiol (CBD) which is gaining more attention in competitive sports. However, the evidence is still lacking and there are no data available about the effect of a short-term chronic application. METHODS A three-arm double-blind cross-over study was conducted to determine the effects of two different CBD products on performance, muscle damage and inflammatory processes in well-trained athletes. In total 17 subjects took successfully part in this study. Each subject underwent the six-day, high-intensity training protocol three times. After each training session, each subject took either a placebo or a CBD product (60 mg of oil or solubilisate). Between the intervention phases, at least four weeks of washout period was conducted. Before and after the training protocols the performance capacity in countermovement jump (CMJ), back squat (BS), bench press (BP) and 1-mile run were measured and biomarkers for muscle damage (creatine kinase, myoglobin), inflammatory processes (interleukin 6 and 10) and immune cell activity (ratios of neutrophil granulocytes, lymphocytes and, platelets) were analyzed. For statistical analyses, the current version of R and a linear mixed model was used. RESULTS It could identify different effects of the training protocol depending on performance level (advanced or highly advanced athletes) (p < .05). Regardless of the performance level, muscle damage and a reduction in performance could be induced by the training protocol. Only CBD oil was associated with a reduction in myoglobin concentration (p < .05) in advanced athletes. Concerning immune activity, a significant decrease in platelets lymphocyte ratios was observed in advanced athletes after placebo treatment (p < .05). CBD oil application showed a slight inhibitory effect (p < .10). Moreover, the reduction in performance differs between the performance levels. A significant decrease in CMJ was observed in advanced athletes and a decreasing trend in BS was observed in highly advanced athletes after placebo treatment (p < 0.10). Both CBD products do not affect performance parameters. For inflammatory parameters, no effects were observed. CONCLUSION It was found that the performance level of the subjects was a decisive factor and that they responded differently to the training protocol and the CBD application. However, no clear effects of either CBD product were found and further research is needed to identify the long-term effects of CBD application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Isenmann
- German Sport University Cologne, Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, Cologne, Germany
- IST Hochschule of Applied Sciences, Department of Fitness and Health, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Sebastian Veit
- German Sport University Cologne, Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ulrich Flenker
- German Sport University Cologne, Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alessio Lesch
- German Sport University Cologne, Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Patrick Diel
- German Sport University Cologne, Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, Cologne, Germany
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17
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Zhong Y, Guo J, Zhang Z, Zheng Y, Yang M, Su Y. Exogenous NADH promotes the bactericidal effect of aminoglycoside antibiotics against Edwardsiella tarda. Virulence 2024; 15:2367647. [PMID: 38884466 PMCID: PMC11185186 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2367647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The global surge in multidrug-resistant bacteria owing to antibiotic misuse and overuse poses considerable risks to human and animal health. With existing antibiotics losing their effectiveness and the protracted process of developing new antibiotics, urgent alternatives are imperative to curb disease spread. Notably, improving the bactericidal effect of antibiotics by using non-antibiotic substances has emerged as a viable strategy. Although reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) may play a crucial role in regulating bacterial resistance, studies examining how the change of metabolic profile and bacterial resistance following by exogenous administration are scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the metabolic changes that occur in Edwardsiella tarda (E. tarda), which exhibits resistance to various antibiotics, following the exogenous addition of NADH using metabolomics. The effects of these alterations on the bactericidal activity of neomycin were investigated. NADH enhanced the effectiveness of aminoglycoside antibiotics against E. tarda ATCC15947, achieving bacterial eradication at low doses. Metabolomic analysis revealed that NADH reprogrammed the ATCC15947 metabolic profile by promoting purine metabolism and energy metabolism, yielding increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels. Increased ATP levels played a crucial role in enhancing the bactericidal effects of neomycin. Moreover, exogenous NADH promoted the bactericidal efficacy of tetracyclines and chloramphenicols. NADH in combination with neomycin was effective against other clinically resistant bacteria, including Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes. These results may facilitate the development of effective approaches for preventing and managing E. tarda-induced infections and multidrug resistance in aquaculture and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Zhong
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Guo
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziyi Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Manjun Yang
- Xizang Key Laboratory of Veterinary Drug, Xizang Vocational Technical College, Lasa, Xizang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yubin Su
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Picard M, Scott-Boyer MP, Bodein A, Leclercq M, Prunier J, Périn O, Droit A. Target repositioning using multi-layer networks and machine learning: The case of prostate cancer. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 24:464-475. [PMID: 38983753 PMCID: PMC11231507 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The discovery of novel therapeutic targets, defined as proteins which drugs can interact with to induce therapeutic benefits, typically represent the first and most important step of drug discovery. One solution for target discovery is target repositioning, a strategy which relies on the repurposing of known targets for new diseases, leading to new treatments, less side effects and potential drug synergies. Biological networks have emerged as powerful tools for integrating heterogeneous data and facilitating the prediction of biological or therapeutic properties. Consequently, they are widely employed to predict new therapeutic targets by characterizing potential candidates, often based on their interactions within a Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network, and their proximity to genes associated with the disease. However, over-reliance on PPI networks and the assumption that potential targets are necessarily near known genes can introduce biases that may limit the effectiveness of these methods. This study addresses these limitations in two ways. First, by exploiting a multi-layer network which incorporates additional information such as gene regulation, metabolite interactions, metabolic pathways, and several disease signatures such as Differentially Expressed Genes, mutated genes, Copy Number Alteration, and structural variants. Second, by extracting relevant features from the network using several approaches including proximity to disease-associated genes, but also unbiased approaches such as propagation-based methods, topological metrics, and module detection algorithms. Using prostate cancer as a case study, the best features were identified and utilized to train machine learning algorithms to predict 5 novel promising therapeutic targets for prostate cancer: IGF2R, C5AR, RAB7, SETD2 and NPBWR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Picard
- Molecular Medicine Department, CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Pier Scott-Boyer
- Molecular Medicine Department, CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Antoine Bodein
- Molecular Medicine Department, CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Mickaël Leclercq
- Molecular Medicine Department, CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Julien Prunier
- Molecular Medicine Department, CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Périn
- Digital Transformation and Innovation Department, L'Oréal Advanced Research, Aulnay-sous-bois, France
| | - Arnaud Droit
- Molecular Medicine Department, CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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Ganesh B, Rajakumar T, Acharya SK, Devika S, Ramachandran V, Yuvaraj J, Nadkarni A, Rajasubramaniam S, Kaur H. Prevalence of hemoglobinopathies among Malayali tribes of Jawadhu hills, Tiruvannamalai district, Tamil Nadu, India: a community-based cross-sectional study. Hematology 2024; 29:2350320. [PMID: 38743508 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2024.2350320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemoglobin (Hb), a red pigment of red blood cells (RBCs), carries oxygen from the lungs to different organs of the body and transports carbon dioxide back to the lungs. Any fault present in the Hb structure leads to undesirable functional effects of the RBCs, such as sickle cell anemia (SCA), thalassemia, etc. Hemoglobinopathies affect around 7% of people in both developed and developing countries globally. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and carrier frequencies of hemoglobinopathies including SCA, thalassemia, and other abnormal Hb variants among Malayali tribes in the Jawadhu hills of Tiruvannamalai district, Tamil Nadu, India. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 443 Malayali tribes inhabiting the Jawadhu hills of Tiruvannamalai district from July 2022 to September 2022. The RBC indices were analyzed using an automated 5-part hematology analyzer (Mindray, BC-5150) and hemoglobin fractions were done using the HPLC system (Bio-Rad, D-10) following standard protocols. FINDINGS A total of 443 participants were screened, out of whom 14.67% had an abnormal Hb fraction, 83.30% were identified as normal, and 2.03% were borderline. Notably, the study revealed a prevalence of 0.68% for the α-thalassemia trait and 13.99% for the β-thalassemia trait. INTERPRETATION Haemoglobinopathies, specifically the β-thalassemia trait, were most prevalent among the Malayali tribal population of Tamil Nadu residing in the Jawadhu hills of Tiruvannamalai district. Hence, we need special attention for creating awareness, increasing hemoglobinopathies screening programs, and improving the importance of tribal health conditions by the government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) for the betterment of the ethnic tribes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jayaram Yuvaraj
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE), Chennai, India
| | - Anita Nadkarni
- ICMR-National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR-NIIH), Mumbai, India
| | | | - Harpreet Kaur
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi, India
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Faustino M, Pereira JO, Pereira AM, Oliveira AS, Ferreira CMH, Pereira CF, Durão J, Pintado ME, Carvalho AP. Vaginal prevention of Candida albicans: synergistic effect of lactobacilli and mannan oligosaccharides (MOS). Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:73. [PMID: 38194142 PMCID: PMC10776728 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12909-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) affects approximately 30-50% of women at least once during their lifetime, causing uncomfortable symptoms and limitations in their daily quality of life. Antifungal therapy is not very effective, does not prevent recurrencies and usually causes side effects. Therefore, alternative therapies are urgently needed. The goal of this work was to investigate the potential benefits of using mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) extracts together with a Lactobacillus sp. pool, composed by the most significant species present in the vaginal environment, to prevent infections by Candida albicans. Microbial growth of isolated strains of the main vaginal lactobacilli and Candida strains was assessed in the presence of MOS, to screen their impact upon growth. A pool of the lactobacilli was then tested against C. albicans in competition and prophylaxis studies; bacterial and yeast cell numbers were quantified in specific time points, and the above-mentioned studies were assessed in simulated vaginal fluid (SVF). Finally, adhesion to vaginal epithelial cells (HeLa) was also evaluated, once again resorting to simultaneous exposure (competition) or prophylaxis assays, aiming to measure the effect of MOS presence in pathogen adherence. Results demonstrated that MOS extracts have potential to prevent vaginal candidiasis in synergy with vaginal lactobacilli, with improved results than those obtained when using lactobacilli alone. KEY POINTS: Potential benefits of MOS extracts with vaginal lactobacilli to prevent C. albicans infections. MOS impacts on growth of vaginal lactobacilli pool and C. albicans in SVF. MOS extracts in synergy with L. crispatus inhibit C. albicans adhesion in HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Faustino
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF- Centro de Biotecnologia E Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Odila Pereira
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF- Centro de Biotecnologia E Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal.
- Amyris Bio Products Portugal Unipessoal Lda, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ana Margarida Pereira
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF- Centro de Biotecnologia E Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
- Amyris Bio Products Portugal Unipessoal Lda, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Oliveira
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF- Centro de Biotecnologia E Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos M H Ferreira
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF- Centro de Biotecnologia E Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
- Amyris Bio Products Portugal Unipessoal Lda, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla F Pereira
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF- Centro de Biotecnologia E Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Durão
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF- Centro de Biotecnologia E Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
- Amyris Bio Products Portugal Unipessoal Lda, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela E Pintado
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF- Centro de Biotecnologia E Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana P Carvalho
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF- Centro de Biotecnologia E Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal.
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Krushkal J, Zhao Y, Roney K, Zhu W, Brooks A, Wilsker D, Parchment RE, McShane LM, Doroshow JH. Association of changes in expression of HDAC and SIRT genes after drug treatment with cancer cell line sensitivity to kinase inhibitors. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2309824. [PMID: 38369747 PMCID: PMC10878021 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2024.2309824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) and sirtuins (SIRTs) are important epigenetic regulators of cancer pathways. There is a limited understanding of how transcriptional regulation of their genes is affected by chemotherapeutic agents, and how such transcriptional changes affect tumour sensitivity to drug treatment. We investigated the concerted transcriptional response of HDAC and SIRT genes to 15 approved antitumor agents in the NCI-60 cancer cell line panel. Antitumor agents with diverse mechanisms of action induced upregulation or downregulation of multiple HDAC and SIRT genes. HDAC5 was upregulated by dasatinib and erlotinib in the majority of the cell lines. Tumour cell line sensitivity to kinase inhibitors was associated with upregulation of HDAC5, HDAC1, and several SIRT genes. We confirmed changes in HDAC and SIRT expression in independent datasets. We also experimentally validated the upregulation of HDAC5 mRNA and protein expression by dasatinib in the highly sensitive IGROV1 cell line. HDAC5 was not upregulated in the UACC-257 cell line resistant to dasatinib. The effects of cancer drug treatment on expression of HDAC and SIRT genes may influence chemosensitivity and may need to be considered during chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Krushkal
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Yingdong Zhao
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Kyle Roney
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Weimin Zhu
- Clinical Pharmacodynamic Biomarkers Program, Applied/Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Alan Brooks
- Clinical Pharmacodynamic Biomarkers Program, Applied/Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Deborah Wilsker
- Clinical Pharmacodynamic Biomarkers Program, Applied/Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Ralph E. Parchment
- Clinical Pharmacodynamic Biomarkers Program, Applied/Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Lisa M. McShane
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - James H. Doroshow
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis and Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Sun M, Lou J, Xinghe W, Zhao Y, Dai Y, Liu S, Yan T. Hb H disease associated with compound heterozygosity for -- SEA deletion and a novel alpha globin chain variant ( HBA2:c.175C>A) on the distal histidine in a Chinese family. Hematology 2024; 29:2339559. [PMID: 38626234 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2024.2339559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In clinical practice, the majority of α-thalassaemia cases arise from deletions of the α-globin genes. However, a subset of cases is attributed to rare haemoglobin variants, which can manifest with borderline or normal screening results, potentially leading to missed diagnoses in clinical practice. METHODS Blood samples were collected from family members and underwent haematological, DNA and RNA analysis. RESULTS The five-month-old proband presented a haematological phenotype consistent with Hb H disease. The mother's haematology profile was consistent with an α-thalassaemia carrier, while the father exhibited a borderline reduction in MCV and MCH. MALDI-TOF identified an abnormal α-chain in the proband. DNA analysis revealed a novel α-globin variant (HBA2:c.175C>A, α58His>Asn, Hb DG-Nancheng) affecting the distal histidine in the family. The father and the mother had α-genotype of --SEA/αα and αDG-Nanchengα/αα, respectively; while the proband inherited both mutant alleles (--SEA/αDG-Nanchengα). Sequencing of cDNA from HBA2 gene identified an equal ratio of normal and mutant alleles. CONCLUSION This rare case highlighted the importance of identifying rare haemoglobin variant during prenatal screening. The clinical and genetic data provides useful information on the pathogenicity of this variant and further insight into the role of distal histidine residue of α-globin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manna Sun
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecolog, Dongguan Maternal and Children Hospital, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiwu Lou
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Dongguan Maternal and Children Health Hospital, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Genetic Disorder Prenatal Testing Precision medicine, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Xinghe
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecolog, Dongguan Maternal and Children Hospital, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Dongguan Maternal and Children Health Hospital, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Genetic Disorder Prenatal Testing Precision medicine, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunshi Dai
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Dongguan Maternal and Children Health Hospital, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Genetic Disorder Prenatal Testing Precision medicine, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangai Liu
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Dongguan Maternal and Children Health Hospital, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Genetic Disorder Prenatal Testing Precision medicine, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tizhen Yan
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Dongguan Maternal and Children Health Hospital, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Genetic Disorder Prenatal Testing Precision medicine, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
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Sun T, Wang J, Zheng M, Cai C, Yu J, Fu L, Duan L. Assessment of the Relationship Between Genetic Determinants of Obesity, Unhealthy Eating Habits and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Mendelian Randomisation Study. COPD 2024; 21:2309236. [PMID: 38348880 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2024.2309236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Background: Clinical studies have shown that the onset and exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are related to obesity and dietary behaviours, but the genetic relationship between them is not clear.Aims: To investigate the relationship between the genetic determinants of obesity, dietary habits (alcohol consumption, intake of sweets, salt intake) and COPD.Methods: Exposure and outcome datasets were obtained from the IEU Open GWAS project. The exposure dataset includes dietary habits (Salt added to food, Sweets intake, Alcohol consumption), obesity level (represented by body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BFP) data sets.). The outcome dataset includes COPD and acute COPD admissions. The collected data were imported into the RStudio software and conducted Mendelian randomisation analysis. Additionally, heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy tests were conducted on the data to ensure the veracity of the results.Results: The results showed that BMI was positively correlated with the risk of acute COPD admission (OR = 1.74, 95% CI 1.39-2.18) and COPD (OR = 1.81, 95%CI 1.41-2.33). In addition, BFP was also a risk factor for COPD (OR = 1.98, 95% CI 1.42-2.77) and acute exacerbation of COPD admission (OR = 1.99, 95%CI 1.43-2.77). The increase of salt, sugar and alcohol consumption will not increase the risk of COPD and the risk of hospitalisation due to COPD.Conclusion: Therefore, we should strengthen the guidance of diet and living habits of obese patients. For patients with heavier weight and higher body fat rate, they should be instructed to lose weight and fat to prevent the occurrence of COPD. For obese patients with COPD, more attention should be paid to prevent the occurrence of acute exacerbation of COPD in advance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyao Sun
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine First Clinical Medical College, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Min Zheng
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine First Clinical Medical College, Shandong, China
| | - Chengsen Cai
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Jianjian Yu
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Lina Fu
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Duan
- Medical Affairs Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong, China
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Du Y, Xia J, Wang Z, Xu J, Ji Y, Jin Y, Pu L, Xu S. Evolution of H6N6 viruses in China between 2014 and 2019 involves multiple reassortment events. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2341142. [PMID: 38581279 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2341142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
H6N6 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have been widely detected in wild birds, poultry, and even mammals. Recently, H6N6 viruses were reported to be involved in the generation of H5 and H7 subtype viruses. To investigate the emergence, evolutionary pattern, and potential for an epidemic of H6N6 viruses, the complete genomes of 198 H6N6 viruses were analyzed, including 168 H6N6 viruses deposited in the NCBI and GISAID databases from inception to January 2019 and 30 isolates collected from China between November 2014 and January 2019. Using phylogenetic analysis, the 198 strains of H6N6 viruses were identified as 98 genotypes. Molecular clock analysis indicated that the evolution of H6N6 viruses in China was constant and not interrupted by selective pressure. Notably, the laboratory isolates reassorted with six subtype viruses: H6N2, H5N6, H7N9, H5N2, H4N2, and H6N8, resulting in nine novel H6N6 reassortment events. These results suggested that H6N6 viruses can act as an intermediary in the evolution of H5N6, H6N6, and H7N9 viruses. Animal experiments demonstrated that the 10 representative H6N6 viruses showed low pathogenicity in chickens and were capable of infecting mice without prior adaptation. Our findings suggest that H6N6 viruses play an important role in the evolution of AIVs, and it is necessary to continuously monitor and evaluate the potential epidemic of the H6N6 subtype viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Du
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xia
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghong Jin
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Pu
- Guizhou Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
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Wang Y, Liu S, Wu C, Yu H, Ji X. Association between circulating unsaturated fatty acid and preeclampsia: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2024; 37:2294691. [PMID: 38146168 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2023.2294691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In recent years, several studies have reported an association between unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) and the risk of developing preeclampsia; however, its exact causal effect is unclear. This study assessed the causal association between circulating UFAs and preeclampsia. METHODS A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study using publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data for circulating UFA s (N = 114,999) and preeclampsia (N = 118,291) was performed. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with exposure was selected as instrumental variables (IVs). The inverse variance weighted (IVW) test was used as the primary method for estimating causality in MR analysis, while MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) and MR-Egger regression methods were used to assess horizontal pleiotropy. Cochran's Q test was used to evaluate heterogeneity among SNPs, and leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was used to determine the effect of individual SNPs on the results of the MR analysis. Bonferroni correction was used as a correction for multiple corrections. RESULTS Two-sample MR analysis suggested that the ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) to total fatty acids (OR 1.150, 95% CI 1.006-1.315, p = 0.041), the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to total fatty acids (OR 0.805, 95% CI 0.658-0.986, p = 0.036) and the ratio of PUFAs to MUFAs (OR 0.807, 95% CI 0.694-0.938, p = 0.005) were causally associated with preeclampsia. After Bonferroni correction, the causal association between the ratio of polyunsaturated to MUFAs and preeclampsia remained statistically different. CONCLUSIONS This MR analysis provides evidence for a genetic causal association between circulating UFAs and preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, PR China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southeast University Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Sicong Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southeast University Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Chengqian Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southeast University Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Ji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, PR China
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Zhou W, Chai Y, Lu S, Yang Q, Tang L, Zhou D. Advances in the study of tissue-engineered retinal pigment epithelial cell sheets. Regen Ther 2024; 27:419-433. [PMID: 38694444 PMCID: PMC11062139 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2024.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Regarded as the most promising treatment modality for retinal degenerative diseases, retinal pigment epithelium cell replacement therapy holds significant potential. Common retinal degenerative diseases, including Age-related Macular Degeneration, are frequently characterized by damage to the unit comprising photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium, and Bruch's membrane. The selection of appropriate tissue engineering materials, in conjunction with retinal pigment epithelial cells, for graft preparation, can offer an effective treatment for retinal degenerative diseases. This article presents an overview of the research conducted on retinal pigment epithelial cell tissue engineering, outlining the challenges and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
| | - Yujiao Chai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
| | - Shan Lu
- National Engineering Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
- Hunan Guangxiu Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiaohui Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China
| | - Liying Tang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
| | - Di Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China
- National Center for Drug Evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, China
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Abolarin PO, Amin A, Nafiu AB, Ogundele OM, Owoyele BV. Optimization of Parkinson's disease therapy with plant extracts and nutrition's evolving roles. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 17:1-12. [PMID: 38872839 PMCID: PMC11167367 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Death of dopaminergic cells in the SNpc leads to manifestations of motor dysfunction and non-motor symptoms of PD. The progression of PD symptoms severely affects the quality of life of patients and poses socio-economic problems to families and society at large. The clinical and neuropathological characteristics of PD are triggered by multiple factors such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and protein aggregation. Notwithstanding the advancements in pharmacological therapy in PD management, there is burgeoning interest in alternative and complementary approaches, essentially nutrition and plant extracts strategies. This review gives widespread analysis of the role of nutrition and plant extracts in the management of PD. Studies that investigated the effects of various dietary compounds and plant extract on PD symptoms and progression were reviewed from existing literatures. Nutraceuticals, including vitamins and phytochemicals such as Mucuna pruriens have shown potential neuroprotective functions in preclinical and clinical studies. Indeed, these strategies ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation, all which are implicated in the pathogenesis of PD. The neuroprotective mechanisms of nutrition and plant extracts in PD, with emphasis on their capacity to target multiple pathways implicated in PD are discussed. Additionally, challenges and limitations related with translating preclinical findings into clinical practice including standardization of dosing regimens, bioavailability, and inter-individual variability are discussed. Largely, this review elucidates on the role of nutrition and plant extracts as adjunctive therapy in PD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Oluwole Abolarin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Abdulbasit Amin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | | | - Olalekan Michael Ogundele
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University, School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Bamidele Victor Owoyele
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
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Tang J, Zou SM, Zhou JF, Gao RB, Xin L, Zeng XX, Huang WJ, Li XY, Cheng YH, Liu LQ, Xiao N, Wang DY. R229I substitution from oseltamivir induction in HA1 region significantly increased the fitness of a H7N9 virus bearing NA 292K. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2373314. [PMID: 38922326 PMCID: PMC467099 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2373314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The proportion of human isolates with reduced neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) susceptibility in highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H7N9 virus was high. These drug-resistant strains showed good replication capacity without serious loss of fitness. In the presence of oseltamivir, R229I substitution were found in HA1 region of the HPAI H7N9 virus before NA R292K appeared. HPAI H7N9 or H7N9/PR8 recombinant viruses were developed to study whether HA R229I could increase the fitness of the H7N9 virus bearing NA 292K. Replication efficiency was assessed in MDCK or A549 cells. Neuraminidase enzyme activity and receptor-binding ability were analyzed. Pathogenicity in C57 mice was evaluated. Antigenicity analysis was conducted through a two-way HI test, in which the antiserum was obtained from immunized ferrets. Transcriptomic analysis of MDCK infected with HPAI H7N9 24hpi was done. It turned out that HA R229I substitution from oseltamivir induction in HA1 region increased (1) replication ability in MDCK(P < 0.05) and A549(P < 0.05), (2) neuraminidase enzyme activity, (3) binding ability to both α2,3 and α2,6 receptor, (4) pathogenicity to mice(more weight loss; shorter mean survival day; viral titer in respiratory tract, P < 0.05; Pathological changes in pneumonia), (5) transcriptome response of MDCK, of the H7N9 virus bearing NA 292K. Besides, HA R229I substitution changed the antigenicity of H7N9/PR8 virus (>4-fold difference of HI titre). It indicated that through the fine-tuning of HA-NA balance, R229I increased the fitness and changed the antigenicity of H7N9 virus bearing NA 292K. Public health attention to this mechanism needs to be drawn.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Oseltamivir/pharmacology
- Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype/drug effects
- Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype/pathogenicity
- Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype/physiology
- Neuraminidase/genetics
- Neuraminidase/metabolism
- Dogs
- Virus Replication/drug effects
- Antiviral Agents/pharmacology
- Humans
- Mice
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/virology
- Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells
- A549 Cells
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics
- Amino Acid Substitution
- Influenza, Human/virology
- Ferrets
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/immunology
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/metabolism
- Female
- Viral Proteins/genetics
- Viral Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Mei Zou
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Fang Zhou
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong-Bao Gao
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Xin
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xu Zeng
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Juan Huang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi-Yan Li
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Hui Cheng
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Qi Liu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Xiao
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Da-Yan Wang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Health Commission; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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29
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Mao Q, Zhou S, Liu S, Peng C, Yin X, Li J, Zhang Y, Zhou W, Hou G, Jiang W, Liu H. Emergence of novel reassortant H3N3 avian influenza viruses with increased pathogenicity in chickens in 2023. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2287683. [PMID: 37990831 PMCID: PMC10795584 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2287683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Mao
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
- College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuning Zhou
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuo Liu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Peng
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Yin
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinping Li
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaxin Zhang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wanting Zhou
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
- College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangyu Hou
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenming Jiang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hualei Liu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
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30
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Siegers JY, Wille M, Yann S, Tok S, Sin S, Chea S, Porco A, Sours S, Chim V, Chea S, Chhel K, Tum S, Sorn S, Hak M, Thielen P, Dhanasekaran V, Karlsson EA. Detection and phylogenetic analysis of contemporary H14N2 Avian influenza A virus in domestic ducks in Southeast Asia (Cambodia). Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2297552. [PMID: 38112157 PMCID: PMC11025406 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2297552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Avian influenza virus (AIV) in Asia is a complex system with numerous subtypes and a highly porous wild birds-poultry interface. Certain AIV subtypes, such as H14, are underrepresented in current surveillance efforts, leaving gaps in our understanding of their ecology and evolution. The detection of rare subtype H14 in domestic ducks in Southeast Asia comprises a geographic region and domestic bird population previously unassociated with this subtype. These H14 viruses have a complex evolutionary history involving gene reassortment events. They share sequence similarity to AIVs endemic in Cambodian ducks, and Eurasian low pathogenicity and high pathogenicity H5Nx AIVs. The detection of these H14 viruses in Southeast Asian domestic poultry further advances our knowledge of the ecology and evolution of this subtype and reinforces the need for continued, longitudinal, active surveillance in domestic and wild birds. Additionally, in vivo and in vitro risk assessment should encompass rare AIV subtypes, as they have the potential to establish in poultry systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurre Y. Siegers
- Virology Unit, Institute Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Michelle Wille
- Centre for Pathogen Genomics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sokhoun Yann
- Virology Unit, Institute Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Songha Tok
- Virology Unit, Institute Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sarath Sin
- Virology Unit, Institute Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sokha Chea
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Alice Porco
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sreyem Sours
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Vutha Chim
- National Animal Health and Production Research Institute, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Samban Chea
- Virology Unit, Institute Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Kimtuo Chhel
- Virology Unit, Institute Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sothyra Tum
- National Animal Health and Production Research Institute, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - San Sorn
- National Animal Health and Production Research Institute, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Makara Hak
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Country Office, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Peter Thielen
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, USA
| | - Vijaykrishna Dhanasekaran
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Erik A. Karlsson
- Virology Unit, Institute Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
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31
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Mackova V, Raudenska M, Polanska HH, Jakubek M, Masarik M. Navigating the redox landscape: reactive oxygen species in regulation of cell cycle. Redox Rep 2024; 29:2371173. [PMID: 38972297 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2024.2371173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To advance our knowledge of disease mechanisms and therapeutic options, understanding cell cycle regulation is critical. Recent research has highlighted the importance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cell cycle regulation. Although excessive ROS levels can lead to age-related pathologies, ROS also play an essential role in normal cellular functions. Many cell cycle regulatory proteins are affected by their redox status, but the precise mechanisms and conditions under which ROS promote or inhibit cell proliferation are not fully understood.Methods: This review presents data from the scientific literature and publicly available databases on changes in redox state during the cell cycle and their effects on key regulatory proteins.Results: We identified redox-sensitive targets within the cell cycle machinery and analysed different effects of ROS (type, concentration, duration of exposure) on cell cycle phases. For example, moderate levels of ROS can promote cell proliferation by activating signalling pathways involved in cell cycle progression, whereas excessive ROS levels can induce DNA damage and trigger cell cycle arrest or cell death.Discussion: Our findings encourage future research focused on identifying redox-sensitive targets in the cell cycle machinery, potentially leading to new treatments for diseases with dysregulated cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Mackova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Raudenska
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Holcova Polanska
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Jakubek
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Masarik
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
- Institute of Pathophysiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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32
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Huang X, Zheng X, Chen L, Zhuang C, Yang C, Zang X, Wang Y, Jiang H, Huang X, Yan Q, Tang Z, Su Y, Zheng Z, Wu T, Zhang X, Huang Y, Huang S, Zhu F, Zhang J, Xia N. Active surveillance of hepatitis E: a 10-year epidemiological analysis in a city in eastern China. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2373315. [PMID: 38922438 PMCID: PMC11257014 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2373315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important cause of acute hepatitis, however, is highly neglected and largely underreported. This study aimed to describe the detailed epidemiology of hepatitis E (HE) through a 10-year surveillance. A community-based active hepatitis surveillance was conducted between November 2007 and October 2017 in 11 townships of Dongtai City in China, involving 355,673 residents. Serum samples were obtained from patients presenting with hepatitis symptoms for more than 3 days. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels greater than 2.5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) were considered acute hepatitis. Samples were subsequently tested for IgG and IgM anti-HEV antibodies, HEV RNA, and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). The data indicated the incidence of HE fluctuated downward from 2007 to 2017, with an average annual age-standardized incidence of 17.50 per 100,000, exceeding the 10.26 per 100,000 in the National Notifiable Disease Report System (NNDRS). The incidence was notably higher among males (20.95 per 100,000) and individuals aged 50-69 years (37.47 per 100,000). Genotype 4 (HEV-4) was the predominantly circulating genotype during the study period. Furthermore, the study revealed the incidence of hepatitis with HEV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infection was 4.99 per 100,000. The active surveillance system identified a higher incidence of HE compared to NNDRS, with a decreased prevalence over a 10-year period. While efforts are still needed to prevent HE in high-risk populations, including individuals with hepatitis B and the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingcheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiang Zheng
- Dongtai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongtai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Chen
- Dongtai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongtai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunlan Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changlin Yang
- Dongtai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongtai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Zang
- Dongtai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongtai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yijun Wang
- Dongtai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongtai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hanmin Jiang
- Dongtai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongtai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomeng Huang
- Dongtai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongtai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Yan
- Xiamen Innodx Biotech Company, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zimin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingying Su
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zizheng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shoujie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengcai Zhu
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
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33
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Zaid Alkilani A, Hamed R, Musleh B, Sharaire Z. Breaking boundaries: the advancements in transdermal delivery of antibiotics. Drug Deliv 2024; 31:2304251. [PMID: 38241087 PMCID: PMC10802811 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2024.2304251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) for antibiotics have seen significant advances in recent years that aimed to improve the efficacy and safety of these drugs. TDDS offer many advantages over other conventional delivery systems such as non-invasiveness, controlled-release pattern, avoidance of first-pass metabolism. The objective of this review is to provide an overview on the recent advances in the TDDS of different groups of antibiotics including β-lactams, tetracyclines, macrolides, and lincosamides, utilized for their effective delivery through the skin and to explore the challenges associated with this field. The majority of antibiotics do not have favorable properties for passive transdermal delivery. Thus, novel strategies have been employed to improve the delivery of antibiotics through the skin, such as the use of nanotechnology (nanoparticles, solid-lipid nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, vesicular carriers, and liposomes) or the physical enhancement techniques like microneedles and ultrasound. In conclusion, the transdermal delivery systems could be a promising method for delivering antibiotics that have the potential to improve patient outcomes and enhance the efficacy of drugs. Further research and development are still needed to explore the potential of delivering more antibiotic drugs by using various transdermal drug delivery approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rania Hamed
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Batool Musleh
- Department of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
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34
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Wang Z, Chen H, Sun L, Wang X, Xu Y, Tian S, Liu X. Uncovering the potential of APOD as a biomarker in gastric cancer: A retrospective and multi-center study. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:1051-1064. [PMID: 38455068 PMCID: PMC10918487 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) poses a significant health challenge worldwide, necessitating the identification of predictive biomarkers to improve prognosis. Dysregulated lipid metabolism is a well-recognized hallmark of tumorigenesis, prompting investigation into apolipoproteins (APOs). In this study, we focused on apolipoprotein D (APOD) following comprehensive analyses of APOs in pan-cancer. Utilizing data from the TCGA-STAD and GSE62254 cohorts, we elucidated associations between APOD expression and multiple facets of GC, including prognosis, tumor microenvironment (TME), cancer biomarkers, mutations, and immunotherapy response, and identified potential anti-GC drugs. Single-cell analyses and immunohistochemical staining confirmed APOD expression in fibroblasts within the GC microenvironment. Additionally, we independently validated the prognostic significance of APOD in the ZN-GC cohort. Our comprehensive analyses revealed that high APOD expression in GC patients was notably associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes, reduced microsatellite instability and tumor mutation burden, alterations in the TME, and diminished response to immunotherapy. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential prognostic and therapeutic implications of APOD in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zisong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hongshan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Le Sun
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xuanyu Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yihang Xu
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Sufang Tian
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
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35
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Zhao Y, Chen P, Hu Y, Liu J, Jiang Y, Zeng X, Deng G, Shi J, Li Y, Tian G, Liu J, Chen H. Recombinant duck enteritis virus bearing the hemagglutinin genes of H5 and H7 influenza viruses is an ideal multivalent live vaccine in ducks. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2284301. [PMID: 37966272 PMCID: PMC10769552 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2284301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Due to the fact that many avian influenza viruses that kill chickens are not lethal to ducks, farmers are reluctant to use avian influenza inactivated vaccines on ducks. Large numbers of unvaccinated ducks play an important role in the transmission of avian influenza viruses from wild birds to domestic poultry, creating a substantial challenge to vaccination strategies for avian influenza control. To solve this problem, we constructed a recombinant duck enteritis virus (DEV), rDEV-dH5/H7, using a live attenuated DEV vaccine strain (vDEV) as a vector. rDEV-dH5/H7 carries the hemagglutinin gene of two H5 viruses [GZ/S4184/17 (H5N6) (clade 2.3.4.4 h) and LN/SD007/17 (H5N1) (clade 2.3.2.1d)] and an H7 virus [GX/SD098/17 (H7N9)]. These three hemagglutinin genes were stably inherited in rDEV-dH5/H7 and expressed in rDEV-dH5/H7-infected cells. Animal studies revealed that rDEV-dH5/H7 and vDEV induced similar neutralizing antibody responses and protection against lethal DEV challenge. Importantly, rDEV-dH5/H7 induced strong and long-lasting hemagglutinin inhibition antibodies against different H5 and H7 viruses and provided complete protection against challenges with homologous and heterologous highly pathogenic H5 and H7 influenza viruses in ducks. Our study shows that rDEV-dH5/H7 could serve as an ideal live attenuated vaccine to protect ducks against infection with lethal DEV and highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pucheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuzhen Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianying Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guohua Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianzhong Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanbing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guobin Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinxiong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- National Poultry Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hualan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- National Poultry Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
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Su HL, Lai SJ, Tsai KC, Fung KM, Lung TL, Hsu HM, Wu YC, Liu CH, Lai HX, Lin JH, Tseng TS. Structure-guided identification and characterization of potent inhibitors targeting PhoP and MtrA to combat mycobacteria. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:1477-1488. [PMID: 38623562 PMCID: PMC11016868 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycobacteria are causative agents of tuberculosis (TB), which is a global health concern. Drug-resistant TB strains are rapidly emerging, thereby necessitating the urgent development of new drugs. Two-component signal transduction systems (TCSs) are signaling pathways involved in the regulation of various bacterial behaviors and responses to environmental stimuli. Applying specific inhibitors of TCSs can disrupt bacterial signaling, growth, and virulence, and can help combat drug-resistant TB. We conducted a comprehensive pharmacophore-based inhibitor screening and biochemical and biophysical examinations to identify, characterize, and validate potential inhibitors targeting the response regulators PhoP and MtrA of mycobacteria. The constructed pharmacophore model Phar-PR-n4 identified effective inhibitors of formation of the PhoP-DNA complex: ST132 (IC50 = 29 ± 1.6 µM) and ST166 (IC50 = 18 ± 1.3 µM). ST166 (KD = 18.4 ± 4.3 μM) and ST132 (KD = 14.5 ± 0.1 μM) strongly targeted PhoP in a slow-on, slow-off manner. The inhibitory potency and binding affinity of ST166 and ST132 for MtrAC were comparable to those of PhoP. Structural analyses and molecular dynamics simulations revealed that ST166 and ST132 mainly interact with the α8-helix and C-terminal β-hairpin of PhoP, with functionally essential residue hotspots for structure-based inhibitor optimization. Moreover, ST166 has in vitro antibacterial activity against Macrobacterium marinum. Thus, ST166, with its characteristic 1,2,5,6-tetrathiocane and terminal sulphonic groups, has excellent potential as a candidate for the development of novel antimicrobial agents to combat pathogenic mycobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Li Su
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City 600, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jung Lai
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Chang Tsai
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kit-Man Fung
- Biomedical Translation Research Center (BioTReC), Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Lin Lung
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung,Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Mien Hsu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung,Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Wu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung,Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hui Liu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung,Taiwan
| | - Hui-Xiang Lai
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung,Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Han Lin
- Department of Industrial Technology, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Taipei, Taiwan
- Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Sheng Tseng
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung,Taiwan
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Sun Y, Zhu Y, Zhang P, Sheng S, Guan Z, Cong Y. Hemagglutinin glycosylation pattern-specific effects: implications for the fitness of H9.4.2.5-branched H9N2 avian influenza viruses. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2364736. [PMID: 38847071 PMCID: PMC11182062 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2364736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Since 2007, h9.4.2.5 has emerged as the most predominant branch of H9N2 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) that affects the majority of the global poultry population. The spread of this viral branch in vaccinated chicken flocks has not been considerably curbed despite numerous efforts. The evolutionary fitness of h9.4.2.5-branched AIVs must consequently be taken into consideration. The glycosylation modifications of hemagglutinin (HA) play a pivotal role in regulating the balance between receptor affinity and immune evasion for influenza viruses. Sequence alignment showed that five major HA glycosylation patterns have evolved over time in h9.4.2.5-branched AIVs. Here, we compared the adaptive phenotypes of five virus mutants with different HA glycosylation patterns. According to the results, the mutant with 6 N-linked glycans displayed the best acid and thermal stability and a better capacity for multiplication, although having a relatively lower receptor affinity than 7 glycans. The antigenic profile between the five mutants revealed a distinct antigenic distance, indicating that variations in glycosylation level have an impact on antigenic drift. These findings suggest that changes in the number of glycans on HA can not only modulate the receptor affinity and antigenicity of H9N2 AIVs, but also affect their stability and multiplication. These adaptive phenotypes may underlie the biological basis for the dominant strain switchover of h9.4.2.5-branched AIVs. Overall, our study provides a systematic insight into how changes in HA glycosylation patterns regulate the evolutionary fitness and epidemiological dominance drift of h9.4.2.5-branched H9N2 AIVs, which will be of great benefit for the glycosylation-dependent vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixue Sun
- Department of Policies and Regulations, Changchun University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanting Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Pengju Zhang
- Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shouzhi Sheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhenhong Guan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanlong Cong
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Qing J, Zhang L, Li C, Li Y. Mendelian randomization analysis revealed that albuminuria is the key factor affecting socioeconomic status in CKD patients. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2367705. [PMID: 39010847 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2367705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies indicate a strong correlation between the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and lower economic status. However, these studies often struggle to delineate a clear cause-effect relationship, leaving healthcare providers uncertain about how to manage kidney disease in a way that improves patients' financial outcomes. Our study aimed to explore and establish a causal relationship between CKD and socioeconomic status, identifying critical influencing factors. We utilized summary meta-analysis data from the CKDGen Consortium and UK Biobank. Genetic variants identified from these sources served as instrumental variables (IVs) to estimate the association between CKD and socioeconomic status. The presence or absence of CKD, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and albuminuria were used as exposures, while income and regional deprivation were analyzed as outcomes. We employed the R packages 'TwoSampleMR' and 'Mendelianrandomization' to conduct both univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, assessing for potential pleiotropy and heterogeneity. Our univariable MR analysis revealed a significant causal relationship between high levels of albuminuria and lower income (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.73-0.96, p = 0.013), with no significant pleiotropy detected. In the multivariable MR analysis, both CKD (OR = 0.867, 95% CI: 0.786-0.957, p = 0.0045) and eGFR (OR = 0.065, 95% CI: 0.010-0.437, p = 0.0049) exhibited significant effects on income. This study underscores that higher albuminuria levels in CKD patients are associated with decreased income and emphasizes the importance of effective management and treatment of albuminuria in CKD patients to mitigate both social and personal economic burdens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Qing
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Nephrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Changqun Li
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yafeng Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital (Fifth Hospital), Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Taiyuan, China
- Core Laboratory, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital (Fifth Hospital), Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Academy of Microbial Ecology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Filigheddu MT, Leonelli M, Varando G, Gómez-Bermejo MÁ, Ventura-Díaz S, Gorospe L, Fortún J. Using staged tree models for health data: Investigating invasive fungal infections by aspergillus and other filamentous fungi. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 24:12-22. [PMID: 38144574 PMCID: PMC10746417 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Machine learning models are increasingly used in the medical domain to study the association between risk factors and diseases to support practitioners in understanding health outcomes. In this paper, we showcase the use of machine-learned staged tree models for investigating complex asymmetric dependence structures in health data. Staged trees are a specific class of generative, probabilistic graphical models that formally model asymmetric conditional independence and non-regular sample spaces. An investigation of the risk factors in invasive fungal infections demonstrates the insights staged trees provide to support medical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Filigheddu
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS (Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria); Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Gherardo Varando
- Image Processing Laboratory (IPL), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Sofía Ventura-Díaz
- Radiology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Gorospe
- Radiology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Fortún
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS (Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria); Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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40
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Lazo PA. Nuclear functions regulated by the VRK1 kinase. Nucleus 2024; 15:2353249. [PMID: 38753965 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2353249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
In the nucleus, the VRK1 Ser-Thr kinase is distributed in nucleoplasm and chromatin, where it has different roles. VRK1 expression increases in response to mitogenic signals. VRK1 regulates cyclin D1 expression at G0 exit and facilitates chromosome condensation at the end of G2 and G2/M progression to mitosis. These effects are mediated by the phosphorylation of histone H3 at Thr3 by VRK1, and later in mitosis by haspin. VRK1 regulates the apigenetic patterns of histones in processes requiring chromating remodeling, such as transcription, replication and DNA repair. VRK1 is overexpressed in tumors, facilitating tumor progression and resistance to genotoxic treatments. VRK1 also regulates the organization of Cajal bodies assembled on coilin, which are necessary for the assembly of different types of RNP complexes. VRK1 pathogenic variants cuase defects in Cajal bodies, functionally altering neurons with long axons and leading to neurological diseases, such as amyotrophic laterla sclerosis, spinal muscular atrophy, distal hereditay motor neuropathies and Charcot-Marie-Tooth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A Lazo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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Chiang B, Heng K, Jang K, Dalal R, Liao YJ, Myung D, Goldberg JL. Development of a novel SupraChoroidal-to-Optic-NervE (SCONE) drug delivery system. Drug Deliv 2024; 31:2379369. [PMID: 39010743 PMCID: PMC467098 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2024.2379369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Targeted drug delivery to the optic nerve head may be useful in the preclinical study and later clinical management of optic neuropathies, however, there are no FDA-approved drug delivery systems to achieve this. The purpose of this work was to develop an optic nerve head drug delivery technique. METHODS Different strategies to approach the optic nerve head were investigated, including standard intravitreal and retroorbital injections. A novel SupraChoroidal-to-Optic-NervE (SCONE) delivery was optimized by creating a sclerotomy and introducing a catheter into the suprachoroidal space. Under direct visualization, the catheter was guided to the optic nerve head. India ink was injected. The suprachoroidal approach was performed in New Zealand White rabbit eyes in vivo (25 animals total). Parameters, including microneedle size and design, catheter design, and catheter tip angle, were optimized ex vivo and in vivo. RESULTS Out of the candidate optic nerve head approaches, intravitreal, retroorbital, and suprachoroidal approaches were able to localize India ink to within 2 mm of the optic nerve. The suprachoroidal approach was further investigated, and after optimization, was able to deposit India ink directly within the optic nerve head in up to 80% of attempts. In eyes with successful SCONE delivery, latency and amplitude of visual evoked potentials was not different than the naïve untreated eye. CONCLUSIONS SCONE delivery can be used for targeted drug delivery to the optic nerve head of rabbits without measurable toxicity measured anatomically or functionally. Successful development of this system may yield novel opportunities to study optic nerve head-specific drug delivery in animal models, and paradigm-shifting management strategies for treating optic neuropathies. TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE Here we demonstrate data on a new method for targeted delivery to the optic nerve head, addressing a significant unmet need in therapeutics for optic neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce Chiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen Heng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kyeongwoo Jang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Roopa Dalal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Yaping Joyce Liao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - David Myung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Goldberg
- Department of Ophthalmology, Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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Li B, Baima Y, De J, Wen D, Liu Y, Basang Z, Jiang N. Hypoxic stress caused apoptosis of MDBK cells by p53/BCL6-mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2299241. [PMID: 38178593 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2299241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia is an important characteristic of Tibetan plateau environment. It can lead to apoptosis, but the mechanism of apoptosis caused by hypoxic stress needs further clarification. Here, cattle kidney cell MDBK were used as cell model. The effect of hypoxic stress on apoptosis and its molecular mechanism were explored. MDBK cells were treated with hypoxic stress, apoptosis and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway were significantly increased, and the expression of B-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) was significantly decreased. Overexpressing or inhibiting BCL6 demonstrated that BCL6 inhibited the apoptosis. And the increase of apoptosis controlled by hypoxic stress was blocked by BCL6 overexpressing. MDBK cells were treated with hypoxic stress, the expression and the nuclear localization of p53 were significantly increased. Overexpressing or inhibiting p53 demonstrated that hypoxic stress suppressed the expression of BCL6 through p53. Together, these results indicated that hypoxic stress induced the apoptosis of MDBK cells, and BCL6 was an important negative factor for this regulation process. In MDBK cells, hypoxic stress suppressed the expression of BCL6 through p53/BCL6-mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. This study enhanced current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of apoptosis by hypoxic stress in MDBK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Autonomous Regional Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tibet, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tibet, China
| | - Yangjin Baima
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Autonomous Regional Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tibet, China
| | - Ji De
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Autonomous Regional Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tibet, China
| | - Dongxu Wen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Autonomous Regional Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tibet, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Autonomous Regional Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tibet, China
| | - Zhuzha Basang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Autonomous Regional Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tibet, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tibet, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Autonomous Regional Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tibet, China
- Colleges of Life Science and Technology, Dalian University, Dalian Economic Technological Development Zone, Dalian, China
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Dong W, Liu S, Li S, Wang Z. Cell reprogramming therapy for Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2444-2455. [PMID: 38526281 PMCID: PMC11090434 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.390965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is typically characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Many studies have been performed based on the supplementation of lost dopaminergic neurons to treat Parkinson's disease. The initial strategy for cell replacement therapy used human fetal ventral midbrain and human embryonic stem cells to treat Parkinson's disease, which could substantially alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson's disease in clinical practice. However, ethical issues and tumor formation were limitations of its clinical application. Induced pluripotent stem cells can be acquired without sacrificing human embryos, which eliminates the huge ethical barriers of human stem cell therapy. Another widely considered neuronal regeneration strategy is to directly reprogram fibroblasts and astrocytes into neurons, without the need for intermediate proliferation states, thus avoiding issues of immune rejection and tumor formation. Both induced pluripotent stem cells and direct reprogramming of lineage cells have shown promising results in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. However, there are also ethical concerns and the risk of tumor formation that need to be addressed. This review highlights the current application status of cell reprogramming in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, focusing on the use of induced pluripotent stem cells in cell replacement therapy, including preclinical animal models and progress in clinical research. The review also discusses the advancements in direct reprogramming of lineage cells in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, as well as the controversy surrounding in vivo reprogramming. These findings suggest that cell reprogramming may hold great promise as a potential strategy for treating Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Shuyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Shangang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Zhengbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
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Zheng YB, Lu S, Chu TB, Pang GF, Yang LY, Zhang Q. Investigate the potential impact of Hemagglutinin from the H1N1 strain on severe pneumonia. Gene 2024; 926:148559. [PMID: 38740352 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The most prevalent glycoprotein on the influenza virus envelope is called hemagglutinin (HA), yet little is known about its involvement in the pathophysiology and etiology of severe influenza pneumonia. Here, after stimulating human bronchial epithelial cells (16-HBE) and mice with HA of H1N1 for 12 h, we investigated the proliferation, migration, inflammatory cytokines expression, and apoptosis in 16-HBE and the pathological damage in mouse lung tissue. The expression of inflammatory cytokines plasminogen activator inhibitor 1(PAI-1), urokinase-type (uPA) and tissue-type (tPA) plasminogen activators, and apoptosis were all enhanced by HA, which also prevented the proliferation and migration of bronchial epithelial cells. HA enhanced up-regulated PAI-1, uPA, and tPA protein expression within mouse lung tissue and caused lung injury. In conclusion, HA alone, but not the whole H1N1 virus, induces lung tissue injury by inhibiting cell proliferation and migration, while promoting the expression of inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Bi Zheng
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China.
| | - Song Lu
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Tian-Bao Chu
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Gui-Feng Pang
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Lin-Ying Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China.
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Ke H, Zhang X, Liang S, Zhou C, Hu Y, Huang Q, Wu J. Study on the anti-skin aging effect and mechanism of Sijunzi Tang based on network pharmacology and experimental validation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118421. [PMID: 38880400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Si Jun Zi Tang (SJZT) is a famous traditional Chinese medicine formula composing of 4 herbal medicines (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Atractylodis macrocephalae Rhizoma, Poria, and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) with tonifying spleen and anti-aging effects. It is also known that SJZT can be used to tone, nourish the skin and accelerate wound healing. However, due to the complexity of the formulation, the anti-aging especially anti-skin aging mechanisms as well as the key components of SJZT have not been fully investigated. Therefore, further in vitro and in vivo experimental studies are particularly needed to investigate the anti-skin ageing efficacy of SJZT. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this article was to explore the therapeutic effect and possible pharmacological mechanism of SJZT in the treatment of skin aging by topical application using network pharmacology and to validate the findings using in vitro and in vivo tests. MATERIALS AND METHODS Network pharmacology method was applied to predict the underlying biological function and mechanism involved in the anti-skin aging effect of SJZT. Molecular docking was used to preliminarily predict the active components of SJZT-Skin Aging. UPLC QTOF MS/MS was carried out to analyze the chemical compounds. Finally, to confirm the anti-skin aging effort of SJZT, a mouse skin-aging model and UVB-induced EpiSCs (epidermal stem cells) senescence model were established. RESULTS PPI network analysis and KEGG studies indicated that TP53, CDKN2A, TNF, IL6, and IL1B might be parts of the core targets associated with EpiSCs senescence. Furthermore, molecular docking suggested the top active components, glycyrrhizin, ginsenoside Rg5, ginsenoside Rh2, liquiritin, polyporenic acid C and atractylenolide II showed strong affinity to the key proteins involved in cellular senescence signaling. UPLC QTOF MS/MS analysis of SJZT confirmed the presence of these key components. In-vivo experiments revealed that SJZT could improve UVB-induced skin thickening, increase the number of collagen fibers, strengthen the structure of elastin fibers, and decrease the expression of MDA, as well as increase the expression of CAT and T-SOD in the skin tissue of mouse. And, in-vitro experiments indicated that SJZT could reduce ROS generation and oxidative stress, increase mitochondrial membrane potential, and upregulate the expression of stem cell markers. Moreover, SJZT could suppress the expression of p53, p-p53 and p21, downregulated p38 phosphorylation. Furthermore, the anti-cellular senescence effect of SJZT on EpiSCs disappeared after treatment with the p38 inhibitor adesmapimod. Taken all together, the regulation of senescence signaling in EpiSCs is an important mechanism of SJZT in combating skin aging. CONCLUSION The research results indicate that SJZT has anti-skin aging effects on UVB-induced skin-aging model, possibly by mediating p38/p53 signaling pathway. These findings strongly demonstrate the great potential of SJZT as an active composite for anti-skin aging and cosmeceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ke
- Skin Health and Cosmetic Development & Evaluation Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingjiang Zhang
- Skin Health and Cosmetic Development & Evaluation Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Skin Health and Cosmetic Development & Evaluation Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengyue Zhou
- Skin Health and Cosmetic Development & Evaluation Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunwei Hu
- Skin Health and Cosmetic Development & Evaluation Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Huang
- Skin Health and Cosmetic Development & Evaluation Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jianxin Wu
- Skin Health and Cosmetic Development & Evaluation Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China.
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Mekala JR, Nalluri HP, Reddy PN, S B S, N S SK, G V S D SK, Dhiman R, Chamarthy S, Komaragiri RR, Manyam RR, Dirisala VR. Emerging trends and therapeutic applications of monoclonal antibodies. Gene 2024; 925:148607. [PMID: 38797505 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are being used to prevent, detect, and treat a broad spectrum of malignancies and infectious and autoimmune diseases. Over the past few years, the market for mAbs has grown exponentially. They have become a significant part of many pharmaceutical product lines, and more than 250 therapeutic mAbs are undergoing clinical trials. Ever since the advent of hybridoma technology, antibody-based therapeutics were realized using murine antibodies which further progressed into humanized and fully human antibodies, reducing the risk of immunogenicity. Some of the benefits of using mAbs over conventional drugs include a drastic reduction in the chances of adverse reactions, interactions between drugs, and targeting specific proteins. While antibodies are very efficient, their higher production costs impede the process of commercialization. However, their cost factor has been improved by developing biosimilar antibodies, which are affordable versions of therapeutic antibodies. Along with biosimilars, innovations in antibody engineering have helped to design bio-better antibodies with improved efficacy than the conventional ones. These novel mAb-based therapeutics are set to revolutionize existing drug therapies targeting a wide spectrum of diseases, thereby meeting several unmet medical needs. In the future, mAbs generated by applying next-generation sequencing (NGS) are expected to become a powerful tool in clinical therapeutics. This article describes the methods of mAb production, pre-clinical and clinical development of mAbs, approved indications targeted by mAbs, and novel developments in the field of mAb research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaki Ramaiah Mekala
- Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation (KLEF), Vaddeswaram 522502, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA.
| | - Hari P Nalluri
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's (Deemed to be) University, Guntur 522213, AP, India
| | - Prakash Narayana Reddy
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. V.S. Krishna Government College, Visakhapatnam 530013, India
| | - Sainath S B
- Department of Biotechnology, Vikrama Simhapuri University, Nellore 524320, AP, India
| | - Sampath Kumar N S
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's (Deemed to be) University, Guntur 522213, AP, India
| | - Sai Kiran G V S D
- Santhiram Medical College and General Hospital, Nandyal, Kurnool 518501, AP, India
| | - Rohan Dhiman
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Sciences, National Institute of Technology Rourkela-769008, India
| | - Sahiti Chamarthy
- Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation (KLEF), Vaddeswaram 522502, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA
| | - Raghava Rao Komaragiri
- Department of CSE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation (KLEF), Vaddeswaram 522302, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA
| | - Rajasekhar Reddy Manyam
- Amrita School of Computing, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amaravati Campus, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Vijaya R Dirisala
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's (Deemed to be) University, Guntur 522213, AP, India.
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Porozhan Y, Carstensen M, Thouroude S, Costallat M, Rachez C, Batsché E, Petersen T, Christensen T, Muchardt C. Defective Integrator activity shapes the transcriptome of patients with multiple sclerosis. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202402586. [PMID: 39029934 PMCID: PMC11259605 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202402586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
HP1α/CBX5 is an epigenetic regulator with a suspected role in multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, using high-depth RNA sequencing on monocytes, we identified a subset of MS patients with reduced CBX5 expression, correlating with progressive stages of the disease and extensive transcriptomic alterations. Examination of rare non-coding RNA species in these patients revealed impaired maturation/degradation of U snRNAs and enhancer RNAs, indicative of reduced activity of the Integrator, a complex with suspected links to increased MS risk. At protein-coding genes, compromised Integrator activity manifested in reduced pre-mRNA splicing efficiency and altered expression of genes regulated by RNA polymerase II pause-release. Inactivation of Cbx5 in the mouse mirrored most of these transcriptional defects and resulted in hypersensitivity to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Collectively, our observations suggested a major contribution of the Integrator complex in safeguarding against transcriptional anomalies characteristic of MS, with HP1α/CBX5 emerging as an unexpected regulator of this complex's activity. These findings bring novel insights into the transcriptional aspects of MS and provide potential new criteria for patient stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevheniia Porozhan
- https://ror.org/01c2cjg59 Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Mikkel Carstensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Forum, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sandrine Thouroude
- https://ror.org/01c2cjg59 Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Mickael Costallat
- https://ror.org/01c2cjg59 Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Rachez
- https://ror.org/01c2cjg59 Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Eric Batsché
- https://ror.org/01c2cjg59 Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Thor Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Hospital of Southern Jutland and Research Unit in Neurology, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Christian Muchardt
- https://ror.org/01c2cjg59 Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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Zhang C, Qiu M, Fu H. Oligodendrocytes in central nervous system diseases: the effect of cytokine regulation. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2132-2143. [PMID: 38488548 PMCID: PMC11034588 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.392854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytokines including tumor necrosis factor, interleukins, interferons, and chemokines are abundantly produced in various diseases. As pleiotropic factors, cytokines are involved in nearly every aspect of cellular functions such as migration, survival, proliferation, and differentiation. Oligodendrocytes are the myelin-forming cells in the central nervous system and play critical roles in the conduction of action potentials, supply of metabolic components for axons, and other functions. Emerging evidence suggests that both oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte precursor cells are vulnerable to cytokines released under pathological conditions. This review mainly summarizes the effects of cytokines on oligodendrocyte lineage cells in central nervous system diseases. A comprehensive understanding of the effects of cytokines on oligodendrocyte lineage cells contributes to our understanding of central nervous system diseases and offers insights into treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfu Zhang
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Mengsheng Qiu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hui Fu
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Chen R, Jin Y, Lian R, Yang J, Liao Z, Jin Y, Deng Z, Feng S, Feng Z, Wei Y, Zhang Z, Zhao L. CRIP1 regulates osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells and pre-osteoblasts via the Wnt signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 727:150277. [PMID: 38936225 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
With the aging of the global demographic, the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis are becoming crucial issues. The gradual loss of self-renewal and osteogenic differentiation capabilities in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) is one of the key factors contributing to osteoporosis. To explore the regulatory mechanisms of BMSCs differentiation, we collected bone marrow cells of femoral heads from patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty for single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed significantly reduced CRIP1 (Cysteine-Rich Intestinal Protein 1) expression and osteogenic capacity in the BMSCs of osteoporosis patients compared to non-osteoporosis group. CRIP1 is a gene that encodes a member of the LIM/double zinc finger protein family, which is involved in the regulation of various cellular processes including cell growth, development, and differentiation. CRIP1 knockdown resulted in decreased alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralization and expression of osteogenic markers, indicating impaired osteogenic differentiation. Conversely, CRIP1 overexpression, both in vitro and in vivo, enhanced osteogenic differentiation and rescued bone mass reduction in ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis mice model. The study further established CRIP1's modulation of osteogenesis through the Wnt signaling pathway, suggesting that targeting CRIP1 could offer a novel approach for osteoporosis treatment by promoting bone formation and preventing bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruge Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Yangchen Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Ru Lian
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army Air Force Special Medical Center, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Zheting Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Yu Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Zhonghao Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Shuhao Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Zihang Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Yiran Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Zhongmin Zhang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.
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Feng H, Yang S, Zhang L, Zhu J, Li J, Yang Z. A new Prdm1-Cre line is suitable for studying the second heart field development. Dev Biol 2024; 514:78-86. [PMID: 38880275 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The second heart field (SHF) plays a pivotal role in heart development, particularly in outflow tract (OFT) morphogenesis and septation, as well as in the expansion of the right ventricle (RV). Two mouse Cre lines, the Mef2c-AHF-Cre (Mef2c-Cre) and Isl1-Cre, have been widely used to study the SHF development. However, Cre activity is triggered not only in the SHF but also in the RV in the Mef2c-Cre mice, and in the Isl1-Cre mice, Cre activation is not SHF-specific. Therefore, a more suitable SHF-Cre line is desirable for better understanding SHF development. Here, we generated and characterized the Prdm1-Cre knock-in mice. In comparison with Mef2c-Cre mice, the Cre activity is similar in the pharyngeal and splanchnic mesoderm, and in the OFT of the Prdm1-Cre mice. Nonetheless, it was noticed that Cre expression is largely reduced in the RV of Prdm1-Cre mice compared to the Mef2c-Cre mice. Furthermore, we deleted Hand2, Nkx2-5, Pdk1 and Tbx20 using both Mef2c-Cre and Prdm1-Cre mice to study OFT morphogenesis and septation, making a comparison between these two Cre lines. New insights were obtained in understanding SHF development including differentiation into cardiomyocytes in the OFT using Prdm1-Cre mice. In conclusion, we found that Prdm1-Cre mouse line is a more appropriate tool to monitor SHF development, while the Mef2c-Cre mice are excellent in studying the role and function of the SHF in OFT morphogenesis and septation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyue Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Suming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingai Zhu
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhongzhou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
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