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Johnson SD, Pilli N, Yu J, Knight LA, Kane MA, Byrareddy SN. Dual role for microbial short-chain fatty acids in modifying SIV disease trajectory following anti-α4β7 antibody administration. Ann Med 2024; 56:2315224. [PMID: 38353210 PMCID: PMC10868432 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2315224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) infection is associated with significant gut damage, similar to that observed in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This pathology includes loss of epithelial integrity, microbial translocation, dysbiosis, and resultant chronic immune activation. Additionally, the levels of all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) are dramatically attenuated. Data on the therapeutic use of anti-α4β7 antibodies has shown promise in patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Recent evidence has suggested that the microbiome and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolites it generates may be critical for anti-α4β7 efficacy and maintaining intestinal homeostasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS To determine whether the microbiome contributes to gut homeostasis after anti-α4β7 antibody administered to SIV-infected rhesus macaques, faecal SCFA concentrations were determined, 16S rRNA sequencing was performed, plasma viral loads were determined, plasma retinoids were measured longitudinally, and gut retinoid synthesis/response gene expression was quantified. RESULTS Our results suggest that anti-α4β7 antibody facilitates the return of retinoid metabolism to baseline levels after SIV infection. Furthermore, faecal SCFAs were shown to be associated with retinoid synthesis gene expression and rebound viral loads after therapy interruption. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data demonstrate the therapeutic advantages of anti-α4β7 antibody administration during HIV/SIV infection and that the efficacy of anti-α4β7 antibody may depend on microbiome composition and SCFA generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel D. Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of NE Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Nageswara Pilli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of MD School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jianshi Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of MD School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lindsey A. Knight
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Maureen A. Kane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of MD School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Siddappa N. Byrareddy
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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Yang L, He C, Wang W. Association between neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and disease severity in patients with acute biliary pancreatitis. Ann Med 2024; 56:2315225. [PMID: 38335727 PMCID: PMC10860409 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2315225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR) is independently associated with the severity of various diseases. However, its association with acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) remains unknown. METHODS This study included 1335 eligible patients diagnosed with ABP from April 2016 to December 2022. Patients were divided into low- and high-NHR level groups using an optimal cut-off value determined utilizing Youden's index. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the correlation between NHR and ABP severity. Multivariate analysis-based limited restricted cubic spline (RCS) method was used to evaluate the nonlinear relationship between NHR and the risk of developing moderate or severe ABP. RESULTS In this study, multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated an independent association between NHR and ABP severity (p < .001). The RCS analysis showed a linear correlation between NHR and the risk of developing moderate or severe ABP (P for non-linearity > 0.05), and increased NHR was found to be independently associated with a more severe form of the disease. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that NHR is a simple and practical independent indicator of disease severity, serving as a potential novel predictor for patients with ABP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chiyi He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
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Mukai S, Itoi T, Sofuni A, Tsuchiya T, Tanaka R, Tonozuka R, Kojima H. Bridging endoscopic pancreatic stenting for disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome using a rendezvous technique from a walled-off necrosis cavity. Endoscopy 2024; 56:E29-E30. [PMID: 38194989 PMCID: PMC10776267 DOI: 10.1055/a-2219-2672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuntaro Mukai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Itoi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sofuni
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takasyoshi Tsuchiya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reina Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Tonozuka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kojima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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Racketa S, Gandhi K, Lambie M. Meropenem versus piperacillin-tazobactam for the treatment of pancreatic necrosis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 109:116209. [PMID: 38458097 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To date, there are three published guidelines discussing management of infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) with conflicting recommendations. Specifically, The World Society of Emergency Surgery lists piperacillin-tazobactam as a treatment option in addition to meropenem and ciprofloxacin plus metronidazole. Piperacillin-tazobactam may serve as an effective carbapenem-sparing alternative. Although previous studies shed light on antimicrobial penetration data, there is a lack of clinical data comparing piperacillin-tazobactam to meropenem. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of meropenem and piperacillin-tazobactam for the treatment of IPN. METHODS This was a multicenter, retrospective cohort study conducted across three institutions. Patients with IPN who received either meropenem or piperacillin-tazobactam from January 2015 to December 2020 were included. The primary composite outcome was the incidence of 90-day clinical failure, which encompassed 90-day all-cause mortality and 90-day intra-abdominal infection recurrence. Secondary outcomes included length of hospital stay, antimicrobial duration of therapy, and the need for surgical intervention. RESULTS We identified 229 patients with IPN that received either meropenem or piperacillin-tazobactam during hospital admission. After screening, 63 patients were included in the study. Incidence of 90-day clinical failure was observed in 33 % of the meropenem group and 50 % in the piperacillin-tazobactam group (OR, 1.98; 95 % CI 0.57 to 7.01, p = 0.259). The meropenem group had a lower incidence of 90-day infection recurrence in the piperacillin-tazobactam group (56 % vs 29 %, p = 0.047). CONCLUSIONS Piperacillin-tazobactam may be an efficacious carbapenem-sparing treatment alternative for infected pancreatic necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savannah Racketa
- AdventHealth Daytona Beach, Department of Pharmacy, 301 Memorial Medical Pkwy., Daytona Beach, FL 32117, USA.
| | - Kelvin Gandhi
- AdventHealth Daytona Beach, Department of Pharmacy, 301 Memorial Medical Pkwy., Daytona Beach, FL 32117, USA
| | - Matthew Lambie
- AdventHealth Daytona Beach, Department of Pharmacy, 301 Memorial Medical Pkwy., Daytona Beach, FL 32117, USA
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Huang Q, Liu JW, Dong HB, Wei ZJ, Liu JZ, Ren YT, Jiang X, Jiang B. Mesenteric adipose tissue B lymphocytes promote intestinal injury in severe acute pancreatitis by mediating enteric pyroptosis. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2024; 23:300-309. [PMID: 38057185 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) has been linked to the severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) prognosis, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. It has been reported that pyroptosis worsens SAP. The present study aimed to verify whether mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT, a component of VAT) can cause secondary intestinal injury through the pyroptotic pathway. METHODS Thirty-six male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into six different groups. Twelve rats were randomly divided into the SAP and control groups. We monitored the changes of MAT and B lymphocytes infiltration in MAT of SAP rats. Twelve SAP rats were injected with MAT B lymphocytes or phosphate buffer solution (PBS). The remaining twelve SAP rats were first injected with MAT B lymphocytes, and then with MCC950 (NLRP3 inhibitor) or PBS. We collected blood and tissue samples from pancreas, gut and MAT for analysis. RESULTS Compared to the control rats, the SAP group showed inflammation in MAT, including higher expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), lower expression of IL-10, and histological changes. Flow cytometry analysis revealed B lymphocytes infiltration in MAT but not T lymphocytes and macrophages. The SAP rats also exhibited intestinal injury, characterized by lower expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin, higher levels of lipopolysaccharide and diamine oxidase, and pathological changes. The expression of NLRP3 and n-GSDMD, which are responsible for pyroptosis, was increased in the intestine of SAP rats. The injection of MAT B lymphocytes into SAP rats exacerbated the inflammation in MAT. The upregulation of pyroptosis reduced tight junction in the intestine, which contributed to the SAP progression, including higher inflammatory indicators and worse histological changes. The administration of MCC950 to SAP + MAT B rats downregulated pyroptosis, which subsequently improved the intestinal barrier and ameliorated inflammatory response of SAP. CONCLUSIONS In SAP, MAT B lymphocytes aggravated local inflammation, and promoted the injury to the intestine through the enteric pyroptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Jia-Wen Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Hai-Bin Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Zheng-Jie Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Jin-Zhe Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Yu-Tang Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Xuan Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China.
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
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Metri A, Bush N, Singh VK. Predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis: Current approaches and future directions. Surg Open Sci 2024; 19:109-117. [PMID: 38650599 PMCID: PMC11033200 DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2024.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a sudden-onset inflammatory disease of the pancreas. The severity of AP is classified into mild, moderate, and severe categories based on the presence and persistence of organ failure. Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It requires early recognition for appropriate timely management. Prognostic scores for predicting SAP incorporating many clinical, laboratory, and radiological parameters have been developed in the past. However, all of these prognostic scores have low positive predictive value for SAP and some of these scores require >24 h for assessment. There is a need to develop biomarkers that can accurately identify patients at risk for SAP early in the course of the presentation. In this review, we aim to provide a summary of the most commonly utilized prognostic scores for AP and discuss future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Metri
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Nikhil Bush
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Vikesh K. Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
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Giordano M, Iacoviello O, Santangelo L, Martino M, Torres D, Carbone V, Scavia G, Loconsole D, Chironna M, Cristofori F, Francavilla R. Gastrointestinal involvement in STEC-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome: 10 years in a pediatric center. Pediatr Nephrol 2024; 39:1885-1891. [PMID: 38189960 PMCID: PMC11026196 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-023-06258-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gastrointestinal (GI) tract represents one of the main targets of typical hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in children. In this observational study, we tried to establish (1) the main features of GI complications during STEC-HUS and (2) the relationship between Escherichia coli serotypes and Shiga toxin (Stx) variants with hepatopancreatic involvement. METHODS A total of 79 STEC-HUS patients were admitted to our pediatric nephrology department between January 2012 and June 2021. Evidence of intestinal, hepatobiliary, and pancreatic involvements was reported for each patient, alongside demographic, clinical, and laboratory features. Frequency of gastrointestinal complications across groups of patients infected by specific E. coli serotypes and Stx gene variants was evaluated. RESULTS Six patients developed a bowel complication: two developed rectal prolapse, and four developed bowel perforation which resulted in death for three of them and in bowel stenosis in one patient. Acute pancreatitis was diagnosed in 13 patients. An isolated increase in pancreatic enzymes and/or liver transaminases was observed in 41 and 15 patients, respectively. Biliary sludge was detected in three, cholelithiasis in one. Forty-seven patients developed direct hyperbilirubinemia. Neither E. coli serotypes nor Shiga toxin variants correlated with hepatic or pancreatic involvement. CONCLUSIONS During STEC-HUS, GI complications are common, ranging from self-limited elevation of laboratory markers to bowel perforation, a severe complication with a relevant impact on morbidity and mortality. Hepatopancreatic involvement is frequent, but usually short-lasting and self-limiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Giordano
- Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Pediatric Hospital Giovanni XXIII - AOU Consorziale Policlinico, Bari, Italy.
| | - Onofrio Iacoviello
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Pediatric Section, University of Bari "Aldo Moro, " Pediatric Hospital Giovanni XXIII, Bari, Italy
| | - Luisa Santangelo
- Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Pediatric Hospital Giovanni XXIII - AOU Consorziale Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Marida Martino
- Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Pediatric Hospital Giovanni XXIII - AOU Consorziale Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Diletta Torres
- Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Pediatric Hospital Giovanni XXIII - AOU Consorziale Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenza Carbone
- Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Pediatric Hospital Giovanni XXIII - AOU Consorziale Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Gaia Scavia
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Loconsole
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Hygiene Section, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Chironna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Hygiene Section, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Fernanda Cristofori
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Pediatric Section, University of Bari "Aldo Moro, " Pediatric Hospital Giovanni XXIII, Bari, Italy
| | - Ruggiero Francavilla
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Pediatric Section, University of Bari "Aldo Moro, " Pediatric Hospital Giovanni XXIII, Bari, Italy
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Xu M, Feng Y, Xiang X, Liu L, Tang G. MZB1 regulates cellular proliferation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation and targets the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway in acute pancreatitis. Cell Signal 2024; 118:111143. [PMID: 38508349 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a pathological condition characterized by the premature release and activation of trypsinogens and other enzyme precursors. In severe cases, the mortality rates are in the range of 20-30% and may even be as high as 50%. Though various prophylaxes are available for AP, the mechanism of its progression is unclear. Marginal zone B and B-1 cell-specific protein 1 (MZB1) is found in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where it is expressed exclusively in the B cells there. MZB1 promotes proliferation, inhibits apoptosis, invasion, and inflammation, and mitigates mitochondrial damage in cells. However, the importance of MZB1 in AP has not yet been determined. METHODS Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between healthy pancreatic cells and those affected by AP were identified using datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Relative differences in MZB1 expression between normal and diseased tissues and cells were validated in vivo using a rat AP model induced with 4% (w/v) sodium taurocholate and in vitro using the AR42J rat pancreatic cell line exposed to caerulein (CAE). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and 5-ethynyl-2`-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays were performed to detect and compare normal and pathological cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was employed to assess and compare cellular apoptosis. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot (WB) were applied to evaluate the apoptotic factors Bax and Bcl. The inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β were quantified using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and qRT-PCR techniques. Mitochondrial function was evaluated using assays for reactive oxygen species (ROS) and tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester (TMRM). WB and qRT-PCR were utilized to measure the expression levels of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, followed by a rescue experiment involving the inhibitor of wortmannin. RESULTS MZB1 was upregulated in the AP cases screened from the GEO datasets, the rat AP model, and the AR42J cells exposed to CAE. Overexpression of MZB1 enhanced the growth and supressed the cell death of AR42J cells while also activating the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. MZB1 knockdown led to mitochondrial dysfunction and exacerbated inflammation. The rescue experiment demonstrated that MZB1 enhanced proliferation and inhibited apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation in pancreatic cells through the PI3K-Akt pathway. CONCLUSIONS AP cells and tissues exhibited markedly elevated levels of MZB1 expression compared to their healthy counterparts. MZB1 overexpression promoted proliferation and supressed apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation in pancreatic cells through the positive regulation of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengtao Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Yong Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xuelian Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Guodu Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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Du D, Wang X, Zuo H, Li L, Hao H, Hou G, Gu P, Shao J, Tong Z. Differences in glucose homeostasis and islet injury among diverse mice strains post acute pancreatitis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 708:149780. [PMID: 38518725 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Diverse animal models have been used to study postpancreatitis diabetes mellitus (PPDM) development; however, no study has yet conducted a comparative analysis of the specific differences in glucose homeostasis and islet injury between these models. Therefore, we investigated the differences in pancreatic islet injury and glucose homeostasis among diverse strains in a cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis (AP) model to determine the appropriate animal model for PPDM. BALB/cJ, C57BL/6J, C57BL/6 N, and FVB/NJ mice were administered cerulein to induce AP. Serum amylase levels, pancreatic acinar injury, blood glucose homeostasis, islet function, and islet injury were measured and analyzed. All strains exhibited elevated amylase secretion post pancreatitis, and BALB/cJ, C57BL/6J, and C57BL/6 N mice exhibited sex-related differences. All strains exhibited pancreatic acinar injury post pancreatitis but mostly recovered within 15 days. Overall, glucose homeostasis remained balanced post pancreatitis in all strains compared to that in the control groups, except in FVB/NJ male and female mice, which exhibited an imbalance in glucose homeostasis on day 7 post pancreatitis. All the strains, except BALB/cJ mice, exhibited a decline in Homeostasis model assessment-β(HOMA-β) values post pancreatitis, with significant decrease in C57BL/6J females and FVB/NJ males. Islet size decreased post pancreatitis in all strains, except BALB/cJ mice. Pancreatic islet insulin secretion levels significantly decreased in male FVB/NJ mice post pancreatitis onset and did not recover within 15 days. Therefore, FVB/NJ male mice are a useful model for studying PPDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deren Du
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinwu Wang
- Department of Urology, Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Zuo
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lianglan Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haibin Hao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gaohuan Hou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaqing Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhihui Tong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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10
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Han X, Bao J, Ni J, Li B, Song P, Wan R, Wang X, Hu G, Chen C. Qing Xia Jie Yi Formula granules alleviated acute pancreatitis through inhibition of M1 macrophage polarization by suppressing glycolysis. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 325:117750. [PMID: 38216100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Herbal formulas from Traditional Chinese Medicine are common and well-established practice for treating acute pancreatitis (AP) patients. However, little is known about their bioactive ingredients and mechanisms, such as their targets and pathways to inhibit inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Qing Xia Jie Yi Formula (QXJYF) granules on AP and discuss the molecular mechanisms involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS Major compounds in QXJYF granules were identified using UPLC-quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS). The effect of QXJYF granules on experimental AP models both in vitro and in vivo, and detailed mechanisms were clarified. Two AP models were induced in mice by intraperitoneally injections of caerulein or L-arginine, and QXJYF granules were used to treat AP mice in vivo. Histological evaluation of pancreas and lung, serum amylase and lipase levels, serum inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory cell infiltration and macrophage phenotype were assessed. Bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs) were cultured and treated with QXJYF granules in vitro. BMDM phenotype and glycolysis levels were measured. Lastly, clinical effect of QXJYF granules on AP patients was verified. Predicted severe AP (pSAP) patients eligible for inclusion were assessed for enrollment. RESULTS Nine major compounds were identified in QXJYF granules. Data showed that QXJYF granules significantly alleviated AP severity both in caerulein and L-arginine-induced AP models in vivo, pancreatic injury and inflammatory cell infiltration, systematic inflammation, lung injury and inflammatory cell infiltration were all improved after QXJYF treatment. QXJYF granules significantly reduced M1 macrophages during AP both in vivo and in vitro; besides, the mRNA expression levels of M1 genes such as inos, Tnfα, Il1β and Il6 were significantly lower after QXJYF treatment in M1 macrophages. Mechanistically, we found that HK2, PFKFB3, PKM, LDHα levels were increased in M1 macrophages, but significantly decreased after QXJYF treatment. Clinical data indicated that QXJYF granules could significantly reduce CRP levels and shorten the duration of organ failure, thereby reducing the incidence of SAP and preventing pSAP patients from progressing to SAP. CONCLUSION QXJYF granules alleviated AP through the inhibition of M1 macrophage polarization by suppressing glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingpiao Bao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianbo Ni
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengli Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingpeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoyong Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Congying Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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11
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Au KP, Chok KSH. Surgical cystogastrostomy: Is it still worthwhile? World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:2298-2301. [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i17.2298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The article by Ker et al explores the treatment of peripancreatic fluid collection (PFC). The use of percutaneous drainage, endoscopy, and surgery for managing PFC are discussed. Percutaneous drainage is noted for its low risk profile, while endoscopic cystogastrostomy is more effective due to the wider orifice of the metallic stent. Surgical cystogastrostomy is a definitive treatment with a reduced need for reintervention, especially for cases with extensive collections and significant necrosis. The choice of treatment modality should be tailored to individual patient characteristics and disease factors, considering the expertise available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin Pan Au
- Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Kenneth Siu Ho Chok
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
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Köksal AŞ, Tozlu M, Sezgin O, Oğuz D, Kalkan İH, Altıntaş E, Yaraş S, Bilgiç Y, Yıldırım AE, Barutçu S, Hakim GD, Soytürk M, Bengi G, Özşeker B, Yurci A, Koç DÖ, İrak K, Kasap E, Cindoruk M, Oruç N, Ünal NG, Şen İ, Gökden Y, Saruç M, Ünal H, Eminler AT, Toka B, Basır H, Sağlam O, Ergül B, Gül Ö, Büyüktorun İ, Özel M, Şair Ü, Kösem G, Nedirli F, Tahtacı M, Parlak E. Acute pancreatitis in Turkey: Results of a nationwide multicenter study. Pancreatology 2024; 24:327-334. [PMID: 37880021 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis (AP) is the most common gastrointestinal disease requiring hospitalization, with significant mortality and morbidity. We aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics of AP and physicians' compliance with international guidelines during its management. METHODS All patients with AP who were hospitalized at 17 tertiary centers in Turkey between April and October 2022 were evaluated in a prospective cohort study. Patients with insufficient data, COVID-19 and those aged below 18 years were excluded. The definitions were based on the 2012 revised Atlanta criteria. RESULTS The study included 2144 patients (median age:58, 52 % female). The most common etiologies were biliary (n = 1438, 67.1 %), idiopathic (n = 259, 12 %), hypertriglyceridemia (n = 128, 6 %) and alcohol (n = 90, 4.2 %). Disease severity was mild in 1567 (73.1 %), moderate in 521 (24.3 %), and severe in 58 (2.6 %) patients. Morphology was necrotizing in 4.7 % of the patients. The overall mortality rate was 1.6 %. PASS and BISAP had the highest accuracy in predicting severe pancreatitis on admission (AUC:0.85 and 0.81, respectively). CT was performed in 61 % of the patients, with the majority (90 %) being within 72 h after admission. Prophylactic NSAIDs were not administered in 44 % of the patients with post-ERCP pancreatitis (n = 86). Antibiotics were administered to 53.7 % of the patients, and 38 % of those received them prophylactically. CONCLUSIONS This prospective study provides an extensive report on clinical characteristics, management and outcomes of AP in real-world practice. Mortality remains high in severe cases and physicians' adherence to guidelines during management of the disease needs improvement in some aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aydın Şeref Köksal
- Sakarya University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey.
| | - Mukaddes Tozlu
- Sakarya University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Orhan Sezgin
- Mersin University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Dilek Oğuz
- Kırıkkale University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - İsmail Hakkı Kalkan
- TOBB Economy and Technology University, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Engin Altıntaş
- Mersin University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yaraş
- Mersin University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Yılmaz Bilgiç
- İnönü University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | | | - Sezgin Barutçu
- Gaziantep University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Gözde Derviş Hakim
- Sağlık Bilimleri University, Izmir School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Müjde Soytürk
- Dokuz Eylül University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Göksel Bengi
- Dokuz Eylül University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Burak Özşeker
- Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Alper Yurci
- Erciyes University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Deniz Öğütmen Koç
- Sağlık Bilimleri University, Gaziosmanpaşa Education and Research Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Kader İrak
- Sağlık Bilimleri University, Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Elmas Kasap
- Manisa Celal Bayar University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Cindoruk
- Ankara Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Nevin Oruç
- Ege University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Nalan Gülşen Ünal
- Ege University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - İlker Şen
- Sağlık Bilimleri University, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Education and Research Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Gökden
- Sağlık Bilimleri University, Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşçıoğlu City Hosoital, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Murat Saruç
- Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Hakan Ünal
- Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Tarık Eminler
- Sakarya University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Bilal Toka
- Sakarya University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Hakan Basır
- Mersin University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Osman Sağlam
- İnönü University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Bilal Ergül
- Kırıkkale University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Özlem Gül
- Kırıkkale University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - İlker Büyüktorun
- Dokuz Eylül University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Özel
- Erciyes University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Ümit Şair
- Sağlık Bilimleri University, Gaziosmanpaşa Education and Research Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Turkey
| | - Gizem Kösem
- Manisa Celal Bayar University, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Turkey
| | - Ferda Nedirli
- Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Tahtacı
- Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
| | - Erkan Parlak
- Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey
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Nagao K, Sakai A, Tsumura H, Iemoto T, Hirata Y, Hori H, Ogisu K, Kakuyama S, Ikegawa T, Hirata T, Ezaki T, Furumatsu K, Yamanaka K, Kato T, Fujigaki S, Tanaka H, Yagi Y, Tanaka T, Kobayashi T, Masuda A, Shiomi H, Kodama Y. Pancreatic injury in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a retrospective multicenterstudy. J Gastroenterol 2024; 59:424-433. [PMID: 38421473 PMCID: PMC11033227 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-024-02083-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pancreatic injury (ICI-PI) is a rare occurrence, which has not been reported in detail. We conducted a retrospective multicenter study to determine the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and treatment of ICI-PI. METHODS We reviewed the medical records of patients who received ICIs for malignant tumors between April 2014 and April 2019 at 16 participating hospitals. Patients with elevated pancreatic enzymes or pancreatitis were identified and classified using the Common terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) ver.5.0). The number of patients with pancreatic enzyme elevation was determined and those with pancreatic enzyme elevation of ≥ grade 3 according to CTCAE ver.5.0, or pancreatitis underwent detailed analysis for ICI-PI. RESULTS The study enrolled 1069 patients. Nineteen patients (1.8%) had ICI-PI, 5 (0.5%) of whom also had pancreatitis. Four patients had mild pancreatitis, whereas 1 patient had severe pancreatitis, culminating in death. Steroid therapy was administered to 7 of 19 patients, which led to ICI-PI improvement in 5 patients. On the other hand, ICI-PI improved in 9 of 12 patients who were not administered steroid therapy. Six of the 14 patients with ICI-PI improvement were rechallenged with ICI, and ICI-PI relapse occurred in only 1 patient (16.7%), which improved with ICI discontinuation and steroid therapy. CONCLUSIONS ICI-PI is a rare occurrence, with a low incidence of pancreatitis, which followed a very serious course in one patient. Although the benefit of steroid therapy for ICI-PI is unclear, ICI rechallenge is acceptable after improvement of ICI-PI without pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kae Nagao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0071, Japan
| | - Arata Sakai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0071, Japan.
| | - Hidetaka Tsumura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hyogo Cancer Center, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takao Iemoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kita-Harima Medical Center, Ono, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hirata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kakogawa Central City Hospital, Kakogawa, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hitomi Hori
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0071, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kyohei Ogisu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Life Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Saori Kakuyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Takatsuki General Hospital, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuya Ikegawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Kobe Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tamaki Hirata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nishiwaki Municipal Hospital, Nishiwaki, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ezaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kobe Medical Center, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Furumatsu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Akashi Medical Center, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kodai Yamanaka
- Division of Gastroenterology, Konan Medical Center, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takao Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Awaji Medical Center, Awaji, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Seiji Fujigaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hyogo Prefectural Harima-Himeji General Medical Center, Himeji, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanda City Hospital, Sanda, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Yagi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shiso Municipal Hospital, Shiso, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tanaka
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0071, Japan
| | - Takashi Kobayashi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0071, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Masuda
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0071, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Shiomi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0071, Japan
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yuzo Kodama
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0071, Japan
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Ning C, Sun Z, Shen D, Lin C, Li J, Wei Q, Chen L, Huang G. Is Contemporary Open Pancreatic Necrosectomy Still Useful In The Minimally Invasive Era? Surgery 2024; 175:1394-1401. [PMID: 38378349 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2024.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that open pancreatic necrosectomy for infected pancreatic necrosis was associated with high morbidity and mortality. However, these results were mostly concluded from historical cohorts with traditional early necrosectomy in the absence of a minimally invasive step-up approach. OBJECTIVE To explore the value of contemporary open pancreatic necrosectomy for infected pancreatic necrosis in the minimally invasive era. METHODS A post hoc analysis was performed in a prospective maintained database of 320 patients with infected pancreatic necrosis from January 2011 to December 2022 at a large Chinese tertiary hospital. RESULTS A total of 320 patients with infected pancreatic necrosis received either a minimally invasive step-up approach (245, 76.6%) or open pancreatic necrosectomy (75, 23.4%), which included upfront open pancreatic necrosectomy (32, 10.0%) and salvage open pancreatic necrosectomy (43, 13.4%). Upfront open pancreatic necrosectomy was associated with similar morbidity and mortality rates but fewer surgical interventions compared with a minimally invasive step-up approach. However, salvage open pancreatic necrosectomy was associated with significantly higher mortality (48.8% vs 18.8%, P = .007), gastrointestinal fistula (44.2% vs 18.8%, P = .021), hemorrhage (48.8% vs 15.6%, P = .003), and intensive care unit stay (25 vs 7 days, P = .040) compared with upfront open pancreatic necrosectomy. Multivariate analysis suggested that multiple organ failure (hazard ratio = 5.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-18.2, P = .013) and synchronous critical acute pancreatitis (hazard ratio = 3.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-8.6, P = .040) were 2 independent risk factors of death for patients who received open pancreatic necrosectomy. CONCLUSION Patients undergoing upfront open pancreatic necrosectomy received fewer surgical interventions with comparable efficacy compared to the minimally invasive step-up approach. Salvage open pancreatic necrosectomy was potentially lifesaving, though it carried high morbidity and mortality. Multiple organ failure and synchronous critical acute pancreatitis were 2 independent risk factors of death for patients who received open pancreatic necrosectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Ning
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zefang Sun
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Dingcheng Shen
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chiayen Lin
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jiarong Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qin Wei
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Gengwen Huang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
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15
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Lin W, Huang Y, Zhu J, Sun H, Su N, Pan J, Xu J, Chen L. Machine learning improves early prediction of organ failure in hyperlipidemia acute pancreatitis using clinical and abdominal CT features. Pancreatology 2024; 24:350-356. [PMID: 38342660 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate and validate machine-learning predictive models combining computed tomography and clinical data to early predict organ failure (OF) in Hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis (HLAP). METHODS Demographics, laboratory parameters and computed tomography imaging data of 314 patients with HLAP from the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University between 2017 and 2021, were retrospectively analyzed. Sixty-five percent of patients (n = 204) were assigned to the training group and categorized as patients with and without OF. Parameters were compared by univariate analysis. Machine-learning methods including random forest (RF) were used to establish model to predict OF of HLAP. Areas under the curves (AUCs) of receiver operating characteristic were calculated. The remaining 35% patients (n = 110) were assigned to the validation group to evaluate the performance of models to predict OF. RESULTS Ninety-three (45.59%) and fifty (45.45%) patients from the training and the validation cohort, respectively, developed OF. The RF model showed the best performance to predict OF, with the highest AUC value of 0.915. The sensitivity (0.828) and accuracy (0.814) of RF model were both the highest among the five models in the study cohort. In the validation cohort, RF model continued to show the highest AUC (0.820), accuracy (0.773) and sensitivity (0.800) to predict OF in HLAP, while the positive and negative likelihood ratios and post-test probability were 3.22, 0.267 and 72.85%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Machine-learning models can be used to predict OF occurrence in HLAP in our pilot study. RF model showed the best predictive performance, which may be a promising candidate for further clinical validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihang Lin
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Yingbao Huang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Jiale Zhu
- School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Houzhang Sun
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Na Su
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Jingye Pan
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Intelligence Medical Education, China; Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Hospital Emergency and Process Digitization, China
| | - Junkang Xu
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Intelligence Medical Education, China; Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Hospital Emergency and Process Digitization, China
| | - Lifang Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China.
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16
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Zhang Q, Xu Q, Zhu Q, Zhu L, Pan C, Chen J, Liu J, Deng D, Chen W, Chen C. Association between serum triglyceride level and severity of acute biliary pancreatitis. Pancreatology 2024; 24:343-349. [PMID: 38350790 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) is the most common type of acute pancreatitis. However, the effect of serum triglyceride (TG) levels on the severity of ABP remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between serum TG levels and the severity of ABP. METHODS Data from 526 ABP patients was analyzed in this study. The patients were divided into normal and elevated groups according to the TG level measured within 24 h after admission, and the elevated group was further divided into mild, moderate, and severe elevated groups. The demographic data and clinical outcomes of each group were compared. RESULTS Of the 526 ABP patients, 394 were in the normal TG group and 132 were in the elevated TG group (36 mild, 57 moderate, and 39 severe). The elevated group was younger (51.5 ± 12.9 vs. 58.9 ± 13.9), predominantly male (66.7% vs. 45.2%), had more history of diabetes (22.7% vs. 12.4%) and hyperlipidemia (19.7% vs. 0.8%), and developed systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) (25.8% vs. 15.5%), persistent organ failure (POF) (11.4% vs. 2.8%), and local complications (62.9% vs. 42.1%) more frequently compared to the normal group (P < 0.05). The incidence of SIRS, POF, acute peripancreatic fluid collection (APFC), and acute necrotic collection (ANC) increased with increasing TG levels (Ptrend < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, TG was independently associated with POF, APFC, and ANC in increments of 100 mg/dl (P < 0.05), and there was a linear relationship between TG levels and POF, APFC, and ANC (non-linear P > 0.05, P overall <0.05). In addition, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is not a risk factor for POF, ANC, and APFC in ABP patients. CONCLUSIONS Elevated serum TG levels were independently associated with more severe ABP. The incidence of POF, APFC, and ANC in ABP patients increased with the increase of TG levels, with a linear relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qingcheng Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Quping Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Changbao Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Denghao Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Chaowu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu Province, China.
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17
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Yu J, Liu C, Zhang J, Wang X, Song K, Wu P, Liu F. Global, regional, and national burden of pancreatitis in older adults, 1990-2019: A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019. Prev Med Rep 2024; 41:102722. [PMID: 38646072 PMCID: PMC11026839 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background To describe the past, present and future burden of pancreatitis in older adults, and to explore cross-national inequalities across socio-demographic index (SDI). Methods Data on pancreatitis in older adults, including mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rates, were collected from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study. Temporal trends were measured using joinpoint analyses and predicted using a Bayesian age-period-cohort model. Additionally, the unequal distribution of the burden of pancreatitis in older adults was quantified. Results From 1990 to 2019, the number of deaths and DALYs due to pancreatitis in older adults has been increasing annually. However, in most regions of the world, age-standardized death rates (ASDR) and age-standardized DALYs rates have been declining. The burden of pancreatitis in older adults was highest in low SDI region, primarily affecting the population aged 65-74, with a greater burden on males than females. Furthermore, from 1990 to 2019, absolute and relative cross-national inequalities in pancreatitis among older adults have remained largely unchanged. It is projected that in the next 11 years, the number of deaths in older adults due to pancreatitis will continue to increase, but the ASDR is expected to decline. Conclusion Over the past 30 years, the ASDR and age-standardized DALYs rate of pancreatitis in older adults have shown a decline globally, but the absolute burden continues to increase. Cross-national health inequalities persist. Therefore, it is necessary to develop targeted intervention measures and enhance awareness among this vulnerable population regarding the risk factors associated with pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Yu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Fuyang People's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Fuyang 236000, China
| | - Chunlong Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Fuyang People's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Fuyang 236000, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Seventh Clinical College of China Medical University, Fushun 113001, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Fuyang People's Hospital, Bengbu Medical University, Fuyang 236000, China
| | - Kun Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Fuyang People's Hospital, Bengbu Medical University, Fuyang 236000, China
| | - Panpan Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Fuyang People's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Fuyang 236000, China
| | - Fubao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China
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18
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Hagn-Meincke R, Yadav D, Andersen DK, Vege SS, Fogel EL, Serrano J, Bellin MD, Topazian MD, Conwell DL, Li L, Van Den Eeden SK, Drewes AM, Pandol SJ, Forsmark CE, Fisher WE, Hart PA, Olesen SS, Park WG. Circulating immune signatures in chronic pancreatitis with and without preceding acute pancreatitis: A pilot study. Pancreatology 2024; 24:384-393. [PMID: 38461145 PMCID: PMC11023786 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2024.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate profiles of circulating immune signatures in healthy controls and chronic pancreatitis patients (CP) with and without a preceding history of acute pancreatitis (AP). METHODS We performed a phase 1, cross-sectional analysis of prospectively collected serum samples from the PROspective Evaluation of Chronic Pancreatitis for EpidEmiologic and Translation StuDies (PROCEED) study. All samples were collected during a clinically quiescent phase. CP subjects were categorized into two subgroups based on preceding episode(s) of AP. Healthy controls were included for comparison. Blinded samples were analyzed using an 80-plex Luminex assay of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. Group and pairwise comparisons of analytes were performed between the subgroups. RESULTS In total, 133 patients with CP (111 with AP and 22 without AP) and 50 healthy controls were included. Among the 80 analytes studied, CP patients with a history of AP had significantly higher serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-15) and chemokines (Cutaneous T-Cell Attracting Chemokine (CTACK), Monokine induced Gamma Interferon (MIG), Macrophage-derived Chemokine (MDC), Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1)) compared to CP without preceding AP and controls. In contrast, CP patients without AP had immune profiles characterized by low systemic inflammation and downregulation of anti-inflammatory mediators, including IL-10. CONCLUSION CP patients with a preceding history of AP have signs of systemic inflammatory activity even during a clinically quiescent phase. In contrast, CP patients without a history of AP have low systemic inflammatory activity. These findings suggest the presence of two immunologically diverse subtypes of CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Hagn-Meincke
- Centre for Pancreatic Diseases and Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Dhiraj Yadav
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dana K Andersen
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Santhi Swaroop Vege
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Evan L Fogel
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jose Serrano
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Melena D Bellin
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Mark D Topazian
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Darwin L Conwell
- Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Biostatistics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Asbjørn M Drewes
- Centre for Pancreatic Diseases and Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Stephen J Pandol
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chris E Forsmark
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - William E Fisher
- Division of General Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Phil A Hart
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Søren S Olesen
- Centre for Pancreatic Diseases and Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Walter G Park
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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19
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Yared RA, Chen CC, Vandorpe A, Arvanitakis M, Delhaye M, Viesca MFY, Huberty V, Blero D, Toussaint E, Hittelet A, Verset D, Margos W, Le Moine O, Njimi H, Liao WC, Devière J, Lemmers A. Intravenous Hemin, a potential heme oxygenase-1 activator, does not protect from post-ERCP acute pancreatitis in humans: Results of a randomized multicentric multinational placebo-controlled trial. Pancreatology 2024; 24:363-369. [PMID: 38431445 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hemin, a heme oxygenase 1 activator has shown efficacy in the prevention and treatment of acute pancreatitis in mouse models. We conducted a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to assess the protective effect of Hemin administration to prevent post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP) in patients at risk. METHODS In this multicenter, multinational, placebo-controlled, double-blind RCT, we assigned patients at risk for PEP to receive a single intravenous dose of Hemin (4 mg/kg) or placebo immediately after ERCP. Patients were considered to be at risk on the basis of validated patient- and/or procedure-related risk factors. Neither rectal NSAIDs nor pancreatic stent insertion were allowed in randomized patients. The primary outcome was the incidence of PEP. Secondary outcomes included lipase elevation, mortality, safety, and length of stay. RESULTS A total of 282 of the 294 randomized patients had complete follow-up. Groups were similar in terms of clinical, laboratory, and technical risk factors for PEP. PEP occurred in 16 of 142 patients (11.3%) in the Hemin group and in 20 of 140 patients (14.3%) in the placebo group (p = 0.48). Incidence of severe PEP reached 0.7% and 4.3% in the Hemin and placebo groups, respectively (p = 0.07). Significant lipase elevation after ERCP did not differ between groups. Length of hospital stay, mortality and severe adverse events rates were similar between groups. CONCLUSION We failed to detect large improvements in PEP rate among participants at risk for PEP who received IV hemin immediately after the procedure compared to placebo. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01855841).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawad A Yared
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatopancreatology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Chieh-Chang Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Astrid Vandorpe
- Pharmacy, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marianna Arvanitakis
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatopancreatology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Myriam Delhaye
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatopancreatology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michael Fernandez Y Viesca
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatopancreatology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Huberty
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatopancreatology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daniel Blero
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatopancreatology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Gastroenterology, CHU Charleroi, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Toussaint
- Department of Gastroenterology, CHU Charleroi, Charleroi, Belgium; CHU Brugmann, Department of Gastroenterology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Axel Hittelet
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Mons, Belgium
| | - Didier Verset
- Department of Gastroenterology, CH Jolimont, La Louvière, Belgium
| | - Walter Margos
- Department of Gastroenterology, CH Jolimont, La Louvière, Belgium
| | - Olivier Le Moine
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatopancreatology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hassane Njimi
- Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wei-Chih Liao
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Jacques Devière
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatopancreatology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Lemmers
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatopancreatology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
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20
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Liu Q, Yang J, Zhang J. Factors affecting the time interval of endoscopic ultrasound-guided endoscopic necrosectomy of walled-off pancreatic necrosis: A retrospective single-center study in China. Pancreatology 2024; 24:357-362. [PMID: 38369393 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided endoscopic necrosectomy is an effective and minimally invasive treatment for walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WON). This study investigated the factors affecting the time interval of EUS-guided WON necrosectomy. METHODS Patients who received EUS-guided necrosectomy in the Endoscopy Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University in the past 5 years were retrospectively analyzed. Data including general information, etiology, blood biochemical indexes, physical signs, CT severity grade, location, size, solid necrotic ratio, type and number of stents, and immediate necrosectomy were collected to explore the relationships between these factors and the interval of endoscopic necrosectomy. RESULTS A total of 51 WON patients were included. No significant correlation has been noted between the endoscopic debridement interval and the following indexes, including the patients' general information, the etiology of pancreatitis, blood biochemical indexes (leukocyte count, neutrophil percentage, C-reactive protein), preoperative fever, and WON's location and size, type and number of stents, and whether immediate necrosectomy. However, there were significant differences between the debridement interval and the modified CT Severity Index (MCTSI) (p < 0.001), the solid necrotic ratio of WON (p < 0.001) before the intervention, postoperative fever (p = 0.038), C-reactive protein increasing (p = 0.012) and fever before reintervention (p = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS The EUS-measured solid necrotic ratio, the MCTSI, postoperative fever, C-reactive protein increase, and fever before reintervention in patients affect the time interval of EUS-guided endoscopic necrosectomy in WON patients. These five indicators may be promisingly effective in predicting and managing endoscopic necrosectomy intervals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Junwen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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21
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Jaan A, Sarfraz Z, Farooq U, Malik S, Ur Rahman A, Okolo P. Incidence, implications and predictors of abdominal compartment syndrome in acute pancreatitis: A nationwide analysis. Pancreatology 2024; 24:370-377. [PMID: 38431446 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2024.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis (AP) often presents with varying severity, with a small fraction evolving into severe AP, and is associated with high mortality. Complications such as intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) are intricately associated with AP. OBJECTIVE To assess the clinical implications and predictors of ACS in AP patients. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database on adult AP patients, further stratified by the presence of concurrent ACS. The data extraction included demographics, underlying comorbidities, and clinical outcomes. Multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses were performed using STATA (v.14.2). RESULTS Of the 1,099,175 adult AP patients, only 1,090 (0.001%) exhibited ACS. AP patients with ACS had elevated inpatient mortality and all major complications, including septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), requirement for total parenteral nutrition (TPN), and intensive care unit (ICU) admission (P < 0.01). These patients also exhibited increased odds of requiring pancreatic drainage and necrosectomy (P < 0.01). Predictor analysis identified blood transfusion, obesity (BMI ≥30), and admission to large teaching hospitals as factors associated with the development of ACS in AP patients. Conversely, age, female gender, biliary etiology of AP, and smoking were found less frequently in patients with ACS. CONCLUSION Our study highlights the significant morbidity, mortality, and healthcare resource utilization associated with the concurrence of ACS in AP patients. We identified potential factors associated with ACS in AP patients. Significantly worse outcomes in ACS necessitate the need for early diagnosis, meticulous monitoring, and targeted therapeutic interventions for AP patients at risk of developing ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Jaan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, NY, USA.
| | - Zouina Sarfraz
- Department of Medicine, Fatima Jinnah Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Umer Farooq
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saint Louis University, MO, USA
| | - Sheza Malik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, NY, USA
| | - Asad Ur Rahman
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cleveland Clinic Florida, FL, USA
| | - Patrick Okolo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rochester General Hospital, NY, USA
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22
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Jansson-Rehnberg AS, Drewes AM, Sponheim J, Borgfelt C, Münch A, Graf W, Simrén M, Lindberg G, Hellström PM. Diarrhoea of unknown cause: medical treatment in a stepwise manner Management of Idiopathic Diarrhoea Based on Experience of Step-Up Medical Treatment. Scand J Gastroenterol 2024; 59:543-546. [PMID: 38343268 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2024.2313061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The basic principle for the treatment of idiopathic diarrhoea (functional diarrhoea K59.1) is to delay transit through the gut in order to promote the absorption of electrolytes and water. Under mild conditions, bulking agents may suffice. With increasing severity, antidiarrhoeal pharmaceuticals may be added in a stepwise manner. In diarrhoea of unknown aetiology, peripherally-acting opioid receptor agonists, such as loperamide, are first-line treatment and forms the pharmaceutical basis of antidiarrheal treatment. As second-line treatment opium drops have an approved indication for severe diarrhoea when other treatment options fail. Beyond this, various treatment options are built on experience with more advanced treatments using clonidine, octreotide, as well as GLP-1 and GLP-2 analogs which require specialist knowledge the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asbjørn Mohr Drewes
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jon Sponheim
- Transplantation Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Medicine and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christer Borgfelt
- Department of obstetrics and gynaecology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Andreas Münch
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medicine, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Wilhelm Graf
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Magnus Simrén
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Greger Lindberg
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Per M Hellström
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Uppsala, Sweden
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23
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Griffin NE, Feldman R, Althouse AD, Yadav D, Phillips AE. Clinical diagnosis of psychiatric comorbidities, performance of screening tests and pattern of psychotropic medication use in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatology 2024; 24:378-383. [PMID: 38423915 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric comorbidity measured by screening instruments is common in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) but whether this accurately reflects clinical diagnosis of psychiatric comorbidity is unknown and the prevalence of psychotropic medication prescription in CP remains largely unexplored. METHODS Adult patients (≥18 years) with definite CP were enrolled and completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Demographics, clinical characteristics and medications were retrieved from case report forms and the electronic health record (EHR). Clinical diagnosis of depression or anxiety was determined by presence of ICD-10 code or inclusion in the patient's EHR problem list or treatment plan. Comparisons were made between patients with and without clinical psychiatric comorbidity. RESULTS Total of 81 patients (48, 59.3% male; mean age 57.6 ± 14.3 years) were included. Clinical diagnoses of anxiety and depression were each noted in 47 (58%) patients, with overlap in 42 (51.9%). Compared to clinical diagnoses, the sensitivity and specificity of a positive screen for anxiety (HADS >7) were 76.6% and 91.2%; for depression 55.3% and 88.2%. Patients with anxiety and/or depression were more frequently female (51.9% v 20.7%), younger (53.6 v 64.9 years), and had alcohol etiology (51.9% v 27.6%) (all p < 0.01). In those with psychiatric comorbidity, 42 (80.8%) were prescribed psychotropic medication, most commonly gabapentinoid (24, 57.1%), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (n = 22, 52.4%) or benzodiazepine (n = 20, 47.6%). CONCLUSIONS Psychiatric comorbidities are common among CP patients and many receive psychotropic medications. Further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of these medications on CP symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie E Griffin
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert Feldman
- Center for Research on Health Care Data Center, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Andrew D Althouse
- Center for Research on Health Care Data Center, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dhiraj Yadav
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anna Evans Phillips
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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24
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Yin N, Xu B, Huang Z, Fu Y, Huang H, Fan J, Huang C, Mei Q, Zeng Y. Inhibition of Pck1 in intestinal epithelial cells alleviates acute pancreatitis via modulating intestinal homeostasis. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23618. [PMID: 38651689 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400039r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal barrier dysfunction usually occurred in acute pancreatitis (AP) but the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, RNA sequencing of ileum in L-arginine-induced AP mice demonstrated that phosphoenolpyruvate kinase 1 (Pck1) was significantly up-regulated. Increased Pck1 expression in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) was further validated in ileum of AP mice and duodenum of AP patients. In AP mice, level of Pck1 was positively correlated with pancreatic and ileal histopathological scores, serum amylase activity, and intestinal permeability (serum diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactate, and endotoxin). In AP patients, level of Pck1 had a positive correlation with Ranson scores, white blood cell count and C-reactive protein. Inhibition of Pck1 by 3-Mercaptopicolinic acid hydrochloride (3-MPA) alleviated pancreatic and ileal injuries in AP mice. AP + 3-MPA mice showed improved intestinal permeability, including less epithelial apoptosis, increased tight junction proteins (TJPs) expression, decreased serum DAO, D-lactate, endotoxin, and FITC-Dextran levels, and reduced bacteria translocation. Lysozyme secreted by Paneth cells and mucin2 (MUC2) secretion in goblet cells were also partly restored in AP + 3-MPA mice. Meanwhile, inhibition of Pck1 improved intestinal immune response during AP, including elevation of M2/M1 macrophages ratio and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and reduction in neutrophils infiltration. In vitro, administration of 3-MPA dramatically ameliorated inflammation and injuries of epithelial cells in enteroids treated by LPS. In conclusion, inhibition of Pck1 in IECs might alleviate AP via modulating intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuoming Yin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Binqiang Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zehua Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huizheng Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunlan Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qixiang Mei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zeng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Qian R, Zhuang J, Xie J, Cheng H, Ou H, Lu X, Ouyang Z. Predictive value of machine learning for the severity of acute pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29603. [PMID: 38655348 PMCID: PMC11035062 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP) early poses a challenge in clinical practice. While there are well-established clinical scoring tools, their actual predictive performance remains uncertain. Various studies have explored the application of machine-learning methods for early AP prediction. However, a more comprehensive evidence-based assessment is needed to determine their predictive accuracy. Hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the predictive accuracy of machine learning in assessing the severity of AP. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched until December 5, 2023. The risk of bias in eligible studies was assessed using the Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST). Subgroup analyses, based on different machine learning types, were performed. Additionally, the predictive accuracy of mainstream scoring tools was summarized. Results This systematic review ultimately included 33 original studies. The pooled c-index in both the training and validation sets was 0.87 (95 % CI: 0.84-0.89) and 0.88 (95 % CI: 0.86-0.90), respectively. The sensitivity in the training set was 0.81 (95 % CI: 0.77-0.84), and in the validation set, it was 0.79 (95 % CI: 0.71-0.85). The specificity in the training set was 0.84 (95 % CI: 0.78-0.89), and in the validation set, it was 0.90 (95 % CI: 0.86-0.93). The primary model incorporated was logistic regression; however, its predictive accuracy was found to be inferior to that of neural networks, random forests, and xgboost. The pooled c-index of the APACHE II, BISAP, and Ranson were 0.74 (95 % CI: 0.68-0.80), 0.77 (95 % CI: 0.70-0.85), and 0.74 (95 % CI: 0.68-0.79), respectively. Conclusions Machine learning demonstrates excellent accuracy in predicting the severity of AP, providing a reference for updating or developing a straightforward clinical prediction tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Bao'an Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jiamei Zhuang
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Jianjun Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Bao'an Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Honghui Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Bao'an Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Haiya Ou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Bao'an Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Plumonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Bao'an Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Zichen Ouyang
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Bao'an Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, China
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Lin L, Liu T, Deng B, Fu H, Xiang X, Liang Z, Liang D, Tang G. A new sight to acute pancreatitis through paracolic gutter exudation, a multicenter retrospective study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29531. [PMID: 38644818 PMCID: PMC11033130 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Paracolic gutter exudation (PGE) may influence the severity of acute pancreatitis, but no study has explored it extensively. The objective of this study was to evaluate PGE for assessing the severity of disease. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of 488 patients from three tertiary hospitals in Guangxi, China. General clinical information, severity, and clinical courses were recorded. The PGE score were classified as follows: 0 for no exudation, 1 for unilateral exudation, and 2 for bilateral exudation. We used ROC curves to assess the predictive value of the PGE score, and logistic regression analysis to determine risk factors associated with death, ICU admission, and the occurrence of MODS. Results This study included 352 patients with moderately severe acute pancreatitis (MSAP) and 136 patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Patients who had PGE experienced higher total hospitalization costs, longer hospital stays, a higher incidence of SAP, higher mortality rates, higher ICU admission rates, a higher incidence of MODS, and higher incidence of infections than those without (P < 0.05). Diagnostic efficacy in predicting severity in patients with MSAP and SAP increased after BISAP, MCTSI, modified Marshall, and SOFA scores combined with PGE score respectively. The PGE score of >1 is an independent risk factor for ICU admission and MODS occurrence. (P < 0.05). Conclusion The PGE provides reliable and objective information for assessing severity and clinical course of patients with MSAP and SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianjie Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Spleen, Stomach and Hepatology, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, PR China
| | - Bingli Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second People's Hospital of Qinzhou, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Hongzong Fu
- Department of Spleen, Stomach and Hepatology, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, PR China
| | - Xuelian Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Zhihai Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Dongsheng Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second People's Hospital of Qinzhou, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Guodu Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
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27
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Vahapoğlu A, Çalik M. A comparison of scoring systems and biomarkers to predict the severity of acute pancreatitis in patients referring to the emergency clinic. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37964. [PMID: 38669403 PMCID: PMC11049751 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
To investigate scoring systems and biomarkers for determining the severity and prognosis of acute pancreatitis (AP). Between January and July 2023, 100 patients with AP diagnosed and treated in the emergency department were included. AP was divided into 2 groups according to severity: mild AP and moderately severe AP (MSAP-SAP), according to the revised Atlanta Classification in 2012. Demographic characteristics, severity, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, white blood cell count (WBC), hematocrit, red cell distribution width from whole blood taken at admission and 48 hours later, C-reactive protein (CRP) and biochemistry values, Bedside Index for Severity in Acute Pancreatitis (BISAP), Pancreatitis Activity Scoring System (PASS), and harmless AP score scores were recorded retrospectively. Our variables, which were found to be significant in multiple logistic regression results, were found to increase MSAP-SAP expectation by 4.36-, 7.85-, 6.63 and 5.80 times in the presence of CRP > 47.10, WBC > 13.10, PASS > 0, and necrotizing computed tomography findings, respectively. It was detected that the risk factor which was found significant as a single variable affecting the ICU admission increased the risk of ICU requirement by 28.88 when PASS > 0, by 3.96 when BISAP > 1, and it increased the Atlanta score by 9.93-fold. We found that WBC and CRP values at the time of hospital admission and WBC, CRP, and red cell distribution width values after 48 had the highest accuracy in determining AP disease severity. BISAP, which was found to be significant in determining MSAP-SAP expectations, lost its significance in multiple logistic regression results, and PASS was found to be effective. The PASS is an important score in the clinical evaluation of patients with AP and in determining the need for ICU hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Vahapoğlu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Gaziosmanpaşa Training Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Çalik
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Gaziosmanpaşa Training Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
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Dong J, Shen Y, Wang Z, Zhang J, Qin X, Zhu C, Gao Y, Yu Q. Prediction of severe hypertriglyceridemia-associated acute pancreatitis using a nomogram based on CT findings and blood biomarkers. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37911. [PMID: 38669422 PMCID: PMC11049775 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertriglyceridemia is a common cause of acute pancreatitis (AP). Fatty liver, a manifestation of metabolic syndrome, is related to the severity of AP. The present study aimed to construct an accurate predictive model for severe AP (SAP) by combining the fatty liver infiltration on a computerized tomography (CT) scan with a series of blood biomarkers in patients with hypertriglyceridemia-associated AP (HTG-AP). A total of 213 patients diagnosed with HTG-AP were included in the present retrospective study. Clinical information and imageological findings were retrospectively analyzed. The model was constructed from independent risk factors using univariate analysis, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method. Subsequently, the data from the training group of 111 patients with HTG-AP was analyzed using logistic regression analysis. The efficacy of the model was verified using an external validation group of 102 patients through the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Independent predictors, including serum calcium, C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase and liver-to-spleen CT attenuation ratio (L/S ratio), were incorporated into the nomogram model for SAP in HTG-AP. The model achieved a sensitivity of 91.3% and a specificity of 88.6% in the training group. Compared with the Ranson model, the established nomogram model exhibited a better discriminative ability in the training group [area under the curve (AUC): 0.957] and external validation group (AUC: 0.930), as well as better calibration and clinical benefits. The present study demonstrates that the constructed nomogram based on CT findings and blood biomarkers is useful for the accurate prediction of SAP in HTG-AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Dong
- Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yuhang Shen
- Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Zhihuai Wang
- The Institute of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jiankang Zhang
- Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xihu Qin
- Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Chunfu Zhu
- Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
- The Institute of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
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Dong JP, Zhang JX, Teng GG, Niu HX, Bian DP, Feng QS. Endoscopic papillectomy for synchronous adenoma of the major and minor duodenal papilla. J Dig Dis 2024. [PMID: 38676317 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.13269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Synchronous adenomas of the major and minor duodenal papilla are seldom reported. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of synchronous major and minor papilla adenomas and to evaluate the safety and efficacy of endoscopic papillectomy (EP) for the management of the disease. METHODS Consecutive patients who underwent endoscopy for synchronous major and minor papilla adenomas from January 1, 2013 to August 31, 2023 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients' characteristics, clinical manifestations, laboratory, imaging and endoscopic findings were collected. RESULTS The nine patients with synchronous major and minor papilla adenomas had an average age of 50.78 ± 10.70 years. The diameter of major and minor papilla adenomas was 12.11 ± 3.41 mm and 6.11 ± 1.05 mm, respectively. Most major papilla adenomas had R0 horizontal margins (n = 8), while R0 vertical margins were achieved in all patients. While minor papilla adenomas were resected with both R0 horizontal and vertical margins in all patients. Post-EP bleeding was observed in one patient, which was classified as mild. Post-EP hyperamylasemia and pancreatitis was observed in two and four patients, respectively; the latter consisted of three with mild pancreatitis and one with severe pancreatitis. No perforation was observed. The mean follow-up duration was 9.22 ± 5.99 months. Histologically confirmed recurrence at the resection site was detected in one patient at 3 months after the procedure. CONCLUSIONS Synchronous major and minor papilla adenomas may not be as rare as previously speculated. EP may be an effective and safe alternative modality for their management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Pei Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Xin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Gui Gen Teng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hai Xia Niu
- Department of Endoscopy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Da Peng Bian
- Department of Endoscopy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiu Shi Feng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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30
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Li CL, Lin XC, Jiang M. Identifying novel acute pancreatitis sub-phenotypes using total serum calcium trajectories. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:141. [PMID: 38654213 PMCID: PMC11036611 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03224-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis (AP) has heterogeneous clinical features, and identifying clinically relevant sub-phenotypes is useful. We aimed to identify novel sub-phenotypes in hospitalized AP patients using longitudinal total serum calcium (TSC) trajectories. METHODS AP patients had at least two TSC measurements during the first 24 h of hospitalization in the US-based critical care database (Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-III (MIMIC-III) and MIMIC-IV were included. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify calcium trajectory phenotypes, and patient characteristics and treatment outcomes were compared between the phenotypes. RESULTS A total of 4518 admissions were included in the analysis. Four TSC trajectory groups were identified: "Very low TSC, slow resolvers" (n = 65; 1.4% of the cohort); "Moderately low TSC" (n = 559; 12.4%); "Stable normal-calcium" (n = 3875; 85.8%); and "Fluctuating high TSC" (n = 19; 0.4%). The "Very low TSC, slow resolvers" had the lowest initial, maximum, minimum, and mean TSC, and highest SOFA score, creatinine and glucose level. In contrast, the "Stable normal-calcium" had the fewest ICU admission, antibiotic use, intubation and renal replace treatment. In adjusted analysis, significantly higher in-hospital mortality was noted among "Very low TSC, slow resolvers" (odds ratio [OR], 7.2; 95% CI, 3.7 to 14.0), "moderately low TSC" (OR, 5.0; 95% CI, 3.8 to 6.7), and "Fluctuating high TSC" (OR, 5.6; 95% CI, 1.5 to 20.6) compared with the "Stable normal-calcium" group. CONCLUSIONS We identified four novel sub-phenotypes of patients with AP, with significant variability in clinical outcomes. Not only the absolute TSC levels but also their trajectories were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Li Li
- Department of FSTC Clinic, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xing-Chen Lin
- Emergency and Trauma Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Meng Jiang
- Emergency and Trauma Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
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Wiley MB, Bauer J, Alvarez V, Mehrotra K, Cheng W, Kolics Z, Giarrizzo M, Ingle K, Bialkowska AB, Jung B. Activin A signaling stimulates neutrophil activation and macrophage migration in pancreatitis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9382. [PMID: 38654064 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60065-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute Pancreatitis (AP) is associated with high mortality and current treatment options are limited to supportive care. We found that blockade of activin A (activin) in mice improves outcomes in two murine models of AP. To test the hypothesis that activin is produced early in response to pancreatitis and is maintained throughout disease progression to stimulate immune cells, we first performed digital spatial profiling (DSP) of human chronic pancreatitis (CP) patient tissue. Then, transwell migration assays using RAW264.7 mouse macrophages and qPCR analysis of "neutrophil-like" HL-60 cells were used for functional correlation. Immunofluorescence and western blots on cerulein-induced pancreatitis samples from pancreatic acinar cell-specific Kras knock-in (Ptf1aCreER™; LSL-KrasG12D) and functional WT Ptf1aCreER™ mouse lines mimicking AP and CP to allow for in vivo confirmation. Our data suggest activin promotes neutrophil and macrophage activation both in situ and in vitro, while pancreatic activin production is increased as early as 1 h in response to pancreatitis and is maintained throughout CP in vivo. Taken together, activin is produced early in response to pancreatitis and is maintained throughout disease progression to promote neutrophil and macrophage activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark B Wiley
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Jessica Bauer
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Valentina Alvarez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Kunaal Mehrotra
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Wenxuan Cheng
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Zoe Kolics
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Michael Giarrizzo
- Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Komala Ingle
- Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Agnieszka B Bialkowska
- Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Barbara Jung
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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Ji H, Tang Z, Jiang K, Lyu S, Zhao Y, Feng J, Dai R, Liang H. Investigating potential biomarkers of acute pancreatitis in patients with a BMI>30 using Mendelian randomization and transcriptomic analysis. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:119. [PMID: 38649912 PMCID: PMC11034057 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02102-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis (AP) has become a significant global health concern, and a high body mass index (BMI) has been identified as a key risk factor exacerbating this condition. Within this context, lipid metabolism assumes a critical role. The complex relationship between elevated BMI and AP, mediated by lipid metabolism, markedly increases the risk of complications and mortality. This study aimed to accurately define the correlation between BMI and AP, incorporating a comprehensive analysis of the interactions between individuals with high BMI and AP. METHODS Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was first applied to determine the causal relationship between BMI and the risk of AP. Subsequently, three microarray datasets were obtained from the GEO database. This was followed by an analysis of differentially expressed genes and the application of weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify key modular genes associated with AP and elevated BMI. Functional enrichment analysis was then performed to shed light on disease pathogenesis. To identify the most informative genes, machine learning algorithms, including Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine-Recursive Feature Elimination (SVM-RFE), and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO), were employed. Subsequent analysis focused on the colocalization of the Quantitative Trait Loci (eQTL) data associated with the selected genes and Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) data related to the disease. Preliminary verification of gene expression trends was conducted using external GEO datasets. Ultimately, the diagnostic potential of these genes was further confirmed through the development of an AP model in mice with a high BMI. RESULTS A total of 21 intersecting genes related to BMI>30, AP, and lipid metabolism were identified from the datasets. These genes were primarily enriched in pathways related to cytosolic DNA sensing, cytokine‒cytokine receptor interactions, and various immune and inflammatory responses. Next, three machine learning techniques were utilized to identify HADH as the most prevalent diagnostic gene. Colocalization analysis revealed that HADH significantly influenced the risk factors associated with BMI and AP. Furthermore, the trend in HADH expression within the external validation dataset aligned with the trend in the experimental data, thus providing a preliminary validation of the experimental findings.The changes in its expression were further validated using external datasets and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). CONCLUSION This study systematically identified HADH as a potential lipid metabolism-grounded biomarker for AP in patients with a BMI>30.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Ji
- Department of Hepatobilialy Surgery, General Surgery Center, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Zheng Tang
- Department of Hepatobilialy Surgery, General Surgery Center, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Kexin Jiang
- Department of Hepatobilialy Surgery, General Surgery Center, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China
- College of Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Shuang Lyu
- Department of Hepatobilialy Surgery, General Surgery Center, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China
- College of Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Yiwen Zhao
- Department of Hepatobilialy Surgery, General Surgery Center, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Jiajie Feng
- Department of Hepatobilialy Surgery, General Surgery Center, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Ruiwu Dai
- Department of Hepatobilialy Surgery, General Surgery Center, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
- College of Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
| | - Hongyin Liang
- Department of Hepatobilialy Surgery, General Surgery Center, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China.
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Chhoda A, Noriega M, Kahan T, Liyen Cartelle A, Anderson K, Zuberi SA, Olivares M, Kelly J, Freedman SD, Rabinowitz LG, Sheth SG. Impact of Geospatial Food Access on Acute Pancreatitis Outcomes. Dig Dis Sci 2024:10.1007/s10620-024-08425-6. [PMID: 38649654 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08425-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Food access is an important social determinant of health and refers to geographical and infrastructural aspects of food availability. Using publicly available data on food access from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), geospatial analyses can identify regions with variable food access, which may impact acute pancreatitis (AP), an acute inflammatory condition characterized by unpredictable outcomes and substantial mortality. This study aimed to investigate the association of clinical outcomes in patients with AP with geospatial food access. METHODS We examined AP-related hospitalizations at a tertiary center from January 2008 to December 2018. The physical addresses were geocoded through ArcGIS Pro2.7.0 (ESRI, Redlands, CA). USDA Food Access Research Atlas defined low food access as urban areas with 33% or more of the population residing over one mile from the nearest food source. Regression analyses enabled assessment of the association between AP outcomes and food access. RESULTS The study included 772 unique patients with AP residing in Massachusetts with 931 AP-related hospitalizations. One hundred and ninety-eight (25.6%) patients resided in census tracts with normal urban food access and 574 (74.4%) patients resided in tracts with low food access. AP severity per revised Atlanta classification [OR 1.88 (95%CI 1.21-2.92); p = 0.005], and 30-day AP-related readmission [OR 1.78(95%CI 1.11-2.86); p = 0.02] had significant association with food access, despite adjustment for demographics, healthcare behaviors, and comorbidities (Charlson Comorbidity Index). However, food access lacked significant association with AP-related mortality (p = 0.40) and length of stay (LOS: p = 0.99). CONCLUSION Low food access had a significant association with 30-day AP-related readmissions and AP severity. However, mortality and LOS lacked significant association with food access. The association between nutrition, lifestyle, and AP outcomes warrants further prospective investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Chhoda
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Rabb 423, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Marco Noriega
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Rabb 423, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Tamara Kahan
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Kelsey Anderson
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shaharyar A Zuberi
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Miriam Olivares
- Geographical Information System Library, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jill Kelly
- Geographical Information System Library, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Steven D Freedman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Rabb 423, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Loren G Rabinowitz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Rabb 423, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Sunil G Sheth
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Rabb 423, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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Yang DJ, Chen KL, Lv ZY, Zhou B, Zhou ZG, Li Y. PD-L1 blockade in mitigating severe acute pancreatitis induced pancreatic damage through modulation of immune cell apoptosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112081. [PMID: 38652963 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder. The immune response plays a crucial role in AP progression. However, the impact of immune regulatory checkpoint PD-L1 on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) remains uncertain. Hence, this study aimed to examine the influence of PD-L1 on SAP. We assessed PD-L1 expression in neutrophils and monocytes obtained from SAP patients. We induced SAP in C57BL/6J mice, PD-L1 gene-deficient mice, and PD-L1 humanized mice using intraperitoneal injections of cerulein plus lipopolysaccharide. Prior to the initial cerulein injection, a PD-L1 inhibitor was administered. Pancreatic tissues were collected for morphological and immunohistochemical evaluation, and serum levels of amylase, lipase, and cytokines were measured. Flow cytometry analysis was performed using peripheral blood cells. The expression of PD-L1 in neutrophils and monocytes was significantly higher in SAP patients compared to healthy individuals. Likewise, the expression of PD-L1 in inflammatory cells in the peripheral blood of SAP-induced C57BL/6J mice was notably higher than in the control group. In mice with PD-L1 deficiency, SAP model exhibited lower pancreatic pathology scores, amylase, lipase, and cytokine levels compared to wild-type mice. PD-L1 deletion resulted in reduced neutrophil apoptosis, leading to an earlier peak in neutrophil apoptosis. Furthermore, it decreased early monocyte apoptosis and diminished the peak of T lymphocyte apoptosis. Within the SAP model, administration of a PD-L1 inhibitor reduced pancreatic pathology scores, amylase, lipase, and cytokine levels in both C57BL/6J mice and PD-L1 humanized mice. These findings suggest that inhibiting PD-L1 expression can alleviate the severity of SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Du-Jiang Yang
- Institute of Digestive Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1 Ke-yuan-si-lu, Chengdu 610093, Sichuan Province, China; Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ke-Ling Chen
- Institute of Digestive Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1 Ke-yuan-si-lu, Chengdu 610093, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhao-Ying Lv
- Institute of Digestive Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1 Ke-yuan-si-lu, Chengdu 610093, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Institute of Digestive Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1 Ke-yuan-si-lu, Chengdu 610093, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zong-Guang Zhou
- Institute of Digestive Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1 Ke-yuan-si-lu, Chengdu 610093, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Institute of Digestive Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1 Ke-yuan-si-lu, Chengdu 610093, Sichuan Province, China.
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Tradounsky GE. Gastro-Intestinal Symptoms in Palliative Care Patients. Curr Oncol 2024; 31:2341-2352. [PMID: 38668077 PMCID: PMC11049445 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31040174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This review of the palliation of various gastro-intestinal (GI) symptoms encountered in cancer patients is by no means exhaustive. Frequent symptoms such as constipation, nausea and vomiting, bowel obstructions, ascites and bleeds will be discussed, focusing on their assessment and most importantly, how to control the associated symptoms. All of these symptoms and GI complications can significantly impact patients' quality of life (QOL) and should be treated as quickly and aggressively as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golda Elisa Tradounsky
- Palliative Care Services, Mount Sinai Hospital, CIUSSS West Central of the Island of Montreal, 5690 Cavendish Blvd, Côte Saint-Luc, QC H4W 1S7, Canada;
- Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3S 1Z1, Canada
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Ayoub M, Faris C, Tomanguillo J, Anwar N, Chela H, Daglilar E. The Use of Pre-Endoscopic Metoclopramide Does Not Prevent the Need for Repeat Endoscopy: A U.S. Based Retrospective Cohort Study. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:526. [PMID: 38672796 PMCID: PMC11051147 DOI: 10.3390/life14040526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) can cause upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), often needing esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Second-look endoscopies verify resolution, but cost concerns prompt research on metoclopramide's efficacy compared to erythromycin. METHODS We analyzed the Diamond Network of TriNetX Research database, dividing UGIB patients with PUD undergoing EGD into three groups: metoclopramide, erythromycin, and no medication. Using 1:1 propensity score matching, we compared repeat EGD, post-EGD transfusion, and mortality within one month in two study arms. RESULTS Out of 97,040 patients, 11.5% received metoclopramide, 3.9% received erythromycin, and 84.6% received no medication. Comparing metoclopramide to no medication showed no significant difference in repeat EGD (10.1% vs. 9.7%, p = 0.34), transfusion (0.78% vs. 0.86%, p = 0.5), or mortality (1.08% vs. 1.08%, p = 0.95). However, metoclopramide had a higher repeat EGD rate compared to erythromycin (9.4% vs. 7.5%, p = 0.003), with no significant difference in transfusion or mortality. CONCLUSIONS The need to repeat EGD was not decreased with pre-EGD use of metoclopramide. If a prokinetic agent is to be used prior to EGD, erythromycin shows superior reduction in the need of repeat EGD as compared to metoclopramide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Ayoub
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charleston Area Medical Center, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV 25304, USA
| | - Carol Faris
- Department of General Surgery, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA;
| | - Julton Tomanguillo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charleston Area Medical Center, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV 25304, USA
| | - Nadeem Anwar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Charleston Area Medical Center, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV 25304, USA
| | - Harleen Chela
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Charleston Area Medical Center, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV 25304, USA
| | - Ebubekir Daglilar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Charleston Area Medical Center, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV 25304, USA
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Xia Y, Sun M, Huang H, Jin WL. Drug repurposing for cancer therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:92. [PMID: 38637540 PMCID: PMC11026526 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01808-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer, a complex and multifactorial disease, presents a significant challenge to global health. Despite significant advances in surgical, radiotherapeutic and immunological approaches, which have improved cancer treatment outcomes, drug therapy continues to serve as a key therapeutic strategy. However, the clinical efficacy of drug therapy is often constrained by drug resistance and severe toxic side effects, and thus there remains a critical need to develop novel cancer therapeutics. One promising strategy that has received widespread attention in recent years is drug repurposing: the identification of new applications for existing, clinically approved drugs. Drug repurposing possesses several inherent advantages in the context of cancer treatment since repurposed drugs are typically cost-effective, proven to be safe, and can significantly expedite the drug development process due to their already established safety profiles. In light of this, the present review offers a comprehensive overview of the various methods employed in drug repurposing, specifically focusing on the repurposing of drugs to treat cancer. We describe the antitumor properties of candidate drugs, and discuss in detail how they target both the hallmarks of cancer in tumor cells and the surrounding tumor microenvironment. In addition, we examine the innovative strategy of integrating drug repurposing with nanotechnology to enhance topical drug delivery. We also emphasize the critical role that repurposed drugs can play when used as part of a combination therapy regimen. To conclude, we outline the challenges associated with repurposing drugs and consider the future prospects of these repurposed drugs transitioning into clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xia
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, PR China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, PR China
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, PR China
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and, Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Ming Sun
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, PR China
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, PR China
| | - Hai Huang
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, PR China.
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, PR China.
| | - Wei-Lin Jin
- Institute of Cancer Neuroscience, Medical Frontier Innovation Research Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
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Siddique SM, Hettinger G, Dash A, Neuman M, Mitra N, Lewis JD. The Role of Hospital Characteristics in Clinical and Quality Outcomes for Gastrointestinal Bleeding in a National Cohort. Am J Gastroenterol 2024:00000434-990000000-01064. [PMID: 38477470 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is substantial variability in patient outcomes for gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) across hospitals. This study aimed to identify hospital factors associated with GIB outcomes. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries hospitalized for GIB from 2016 to 2018. These data were merged with the American Hospital Association Annual Survey data to incorporate hospital characteristics. We used generalized linear mixed-effect models to estimate the effect of hospital-level characteristics on patient outcomes after adjusting for patient risk factors including anticoagulant and antiplatelet use, recent GIB, and comorbidities. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality, and secondary outcomes included length of stay and a composite outcome of 30-day readmission or mortality. RESULTS Factors associated with improved GIB 30-day mortality included large hospital size (defined as beds >400, odds ratio [OR] 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.90-0.97), greater case volume (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.96-0.98), increased resident and nurse staffing (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.83-0.94), and blood donor center designation (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.88-0.99). Patients treated at a hospital with multiple advanced capabilities, such as availability of advanced endoscopy, advanced intensive care unit (ICU) capabilities (both a medical-surgical ICU and cardiac ICU), blood donor center, and liver transplant center, had a 22% reduction in 30-day mortality risk, compared with those hospitalized in a hospital with none of these services (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.68-0.91). However, length of stay increased with additional services. DISCUSSION Patients hospitalized for GIB at hospitals with multiple advanced specialized capabilities have lower mortality but longer lengths of stay. Further research should examine the processes of care linked to these services that contribute to improved mortality in GIB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Mehmood Siddique
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Leonard Davis Institute for Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gary Hettinger
- Leonard Davis Institute for Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anwesh Dash
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mark Neuman
- Leonard Davis Institute for Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nandita Mitra
- Leonard Davis Institute for Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - James D Lewis
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Leonard Davis Institute for Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Freeman AJ, Ng K, Wang F, Abu-El-Haija MA, Chugh A, Cress GA, Fishman DS, Gariepy CE, Giefer MJ, Goday P, Gonska TY, Grover AS, Lindblad D, Liu QY, Maqbool A, Mark JA, McFerron BA, Mehta MS, Morinville VD, Noel RA, Ooi CY, Perito ER, Schwarzenberg SJ, Sellers ZM, Wilschanski M, Zheng Y, Yuan Y, Andersen DK, Lowe ME, Uc A. Pancreatic Enzyme Use Reduces Pancreatitis Frequency in Children With Acute Recurrent or Chronic Pancreatitis: A Report From INSPPIRE. Am J Gastroenterol 2024:00000434-990000000-01083. [PMID: 38517077 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Among children who suffer from acute recurrent pancreatitis (ARP) or chronic pancreatitis (CP), acute pancreatitis (AP) episodes are painful, often require hospitalization, and contribute to disease complications and progression. Despite this recognition, there are currently no interventions to prevent AP episodes. In this retrospective cohort study, we assessed the impact of pancreatic enzyme therapy (PERT) use on clinical outcomes among children with pancreatic-sufficient ARP or CP. METHODS Children with pancreatic-sufficient ARP or CP in the INSPPIRE-2 cohort were included. Clinical outcomes were compared for those receiving vs not receiving PERT, as well as frequency of AP before and after PERT. Logistic regression was used to study the association between development of AP episodes after starting PERT and response predictors. RESULTS Among 356 pancreatic-sufficient participants, 270 (76%) had ARP, and 60 (17%) received PERT. Among those on PERT, 42% did not have a subsequent AP episode, during a mean 2.1 years of follow-up. Children with a SPINK1 mutation ( P = 0.005) and those with ARP (compared with CP, P = 0.008) were less likely to have an AP episode after starting PERT. After initiation of PERT, the mean AP annual incidence rate decreased from 3.14 down to 0.71 ( P < 0.001). DISCUSSION In a retrospective analysis, use of PERT was associated with a reduction in the incidence rate of AP among children with pancreatic-sufficient ARP or CP. These results support the need for a clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of PERT to improve clinical outcomes among children with ARP or CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin Jay Freeman
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Kenneth Ng
- Johns Hopkins Children's Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Fuchenchu Wang
- The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Maisam A Abu-El-Haija
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Ankur Chugh
- Children's Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Gretchen A Cress
- University of Iowa, Stead Family Children's Hospital, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Douglas S Fishman
- Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Cheryl E Gariepy
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Praveen Goday
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Amit S Grover
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Douglas Lindblad
- Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Quin Y Liu
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Asim Maqbool
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jacob A Mark
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Brian A McFerron
- Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Megha S Mehta
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Chee Y Ooi
- University of New South Wales, Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, Sydney, Australia
| | - Emily R Perito
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | | | | | - Yuhua Zheng
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ying Yuan
- The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Dana K Andersen
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark E Lowe
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Aliye Uc
- University of Iowa, Stead Family Children's Hospital, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Stefanova I, Kyle E, Wilson I, Tobbal M, Veeramootoo D, De'Ath HD. Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy vs Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography With Sphincterotomy in Elderly Patients With Acute Gallstone Pancreatitis. Am Surg 2024:31348241248564. [PMID: 38636538 DOI: 10.1177/00031348241248564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gallstone pancreatitis (GSP) is common in elderly patients and carries worse outcomes. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is recommended for prevention of recurrent GSP. In frail populations, an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with sphincterotomy (ERCP-s) is an alternative. Management guidelines of GSP in the elderly are lacking. This study aimed to investigate and compare management strategies for GSP in the elderly. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective comparison of outcome of patients aged ≥65 years with first presentation of GSP treated either with (1) LC only, (2) ERCP-s, (3) ERCP-S followed by LC, or (4) no intervention. RESULTS 216 patients were included. Median age was 76 years (interquartile range 70-83). Most (80%, n = 172) had mild pancreatitis, whilst 12% (n = 26) had severe disease. 24% (n = 55) were treated with ERCP-s; 40% (n = 87) underwent LC alone; 11% (n = 23) had ERCP-s followed by LC; and 25% (n = 55) received no intervention. Patients without intervention were older (P < .001) and frailer (P < .001). The LC-only group had lower post-procedure re-admission rates of 6% (n = 5) compared to 27% (n = 14) for ERCP-s, 33% (n = 7) for ERCP-S + LC, and 31% (n = 17) for the no intervention group (P = .0001). Biliary cause mortality was highest in the no intervention group (n = 11, 20%). CONCLUSION Laparoscopic cholecystectomy represents the gold standard for elderly patients with GSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Stefanova
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Egerton Road, Guildford, UK
| | - Ewan Kyle
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Frimley Park Hospital, Portsmouth Road, Camberley, UK
| | - Iain Wilson
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Wexham Park Hospital, Wexham St, Slough, UK
| | - Mohammed Tobbal
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Frimley Park Hospital, Portsmouth Road, Camberley, UK
| | - Darmarajah Veeramootoo
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Frimley Park Hospital, Portsmouth Road, Camberley, UK
| | - Henry D De'Ath
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Frimley Park Hospital, Portsmouth Road, Camberley, UK
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Rockwell MS, Oyese EG, Singh E, Vinson M, Yim I, Turner JK, Epling JW. Scoping review of interventions to de-implement potentially harmful non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in healthcare settings. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e078808. [PMID: 38631836 PMCID: PMC11029194 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-078808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Potentially harmful non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) utilisation persists at undesirable rates worldwide. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on interventions to de-implement potentially harmful NSAIDs in healthcare settings and to suggest directions for future research. DESIGN Scoping review. DATA SOURCES PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane Central and Google Scholar (1 January 2000 to 31 May 2022). STUDY SELECTION Studies reporting on the effectiveness of interventions to systematically reduce potentially harmful NSAID utilisation in healthcare settings. DATA EXTRACTION Using Covidence systematic review software, we extracted study and intervention characteristics, including the effectiveness of interventions in reducing NSAID utilisation. RESULTS From 7818 articles initially identified, 68 were included in the review. Most studies took place in European countries (45.6%) or the USA (35.3%), with randomised controlled trial as the most common design (55.9%). Interventions were largely clinician-facing (76.2%) and delivered in primary care (60.2%) but were rarely (14.9%) guided by an implementation model, framework or theory. Academic detailing, clinical decision support or electronic medical record interventions, performance reports and pharmacist review were frequent approaches employed. NSAID use was most commonly classified as potentially harmful based on patients' age (55.8%), history of gastrointestinal disorders (47.1%), or history of kidney disease (38.2%). Only 7.4% of interventions focused on over-the-counter (OTC) NSAIDs in addition to prescription. The majority of studies (76.2%) reported a reduction in the utilisation of potentially harmful NSAIDs. Few studies (5.9%) evaluated pain or quality of life following NSAIDs discontinuation. CONCLUSION Many varied interventions to de-implement potentially harmful NSAIDs have been applied in healthcare settings worldwide. Based on these findings and identified knowledge gaps, further efforts to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of interventions and the combination of intervention characteristics associated with effective de-implementation are needed. In addition, future work should be guided by de-implementation theory, focus on OTC NSAIDs and incorporate patient-focused strategies and outcomes, including the evaluation of unintended consequences of the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle S Rockwell
- Family and Community Medicine, Carilion Clinic, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Emma G Oyese
- Family and Community Medicine, Carilion Clinic, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Eshika Singh
- Family and Community Medicine, Carilion Clinic, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Matthew Vinson
- Family and Community Medicine, Carilion Clinic, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Isaiah Yim
- Family and Community Medicine, Carilion Clinic, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Jamie K Turner
- Family and Community Medicine, Carilion Clinic, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - John W Epling
- Family and Community Medicine, Carilion Clinic, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
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Liu Y, Cheng JP, Zhao XL. The effect of serum triglyceride levels and different lipid-lowering methods on the prognosis of hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis: a single-center 12-year retrospective study by propensity score matching. Scand J Gastroenterol 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38625376 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2024.2342406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the impact of triglyceride on hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP) and different lipid-lowering methods on triglyceride-lowering efficiency and HTG-AP. METHODS The patients with HTG-AP from January 2012 to December 2023 in Civil Aviation General Hospital were analyzed, retrospectively. Patients were divided and compared according to whether their triglycerides were below 5.56 mmol/L at 48 and 72 h of admission. The patients were divided into control group, insulin group, and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)+bezafibrate group based on the different methods of lipid-lowering. Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to balance the baseline characteristics. RESULTS There was no correlation between the severity of HTG-AP and the triglyceride at admission. The incidence of severity, local complications, and persistent organ failure (POF) were significantly decreased in patients with 48-h and 72-h triglyceride attainment. Following PSM, the incidence of infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) (3.3% vs. 13.3%) was significantly reduced in insulin group compared with control group (p < .05). Compared with control group, LMWH + bezafibrate group had higher lipid reduction efficiency, and the incidence of IPN (0.9% vs. 10.1%) and POF (8.3% vs. 19.3%) was significantly decreased (p < .05). There was no significant difference in the efficiency of lipid-lowering, complications, and POF between LMWH + bezafibrate group and insulin group (p > .05). CONCLUSION The severity of HTG-AP is not associated with the triglyceride levels at admission. However, rapid reduction of triglyceride levels can lower the incidence of local complications and respiratory failure. Compared with conservative treatment, insulin and LMWH + bezafibrate can both reduce the incidence of IPN in patients with HTG-AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Civil Aviation General Hospital, School of Civil Aviation Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Ping Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Civil Aviation General Hospital, School of Civil Aviation Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Civil Aviation General Hospital, School of Civil Aviation Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Shah J, Fernandez Y Viesca M, Jagodzinski R, Arvanitakis M. Infected pancreatic necrosis-Current trends in management. Indian J Gastroenterol 2024:10.1007/s12664-023-01506-w. [PMID: 38625518 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-023-01506-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Acute necrotizing pancreatitis is a common gastrointestinal disease requiring hospitalization and multiple interventions resulting in higher morbidity and mortality. Development of infection in such necrotic tissue is one of the sentinel events in natural history of necrotizing pancreatitis. Infected necrosis develops in around 1/3rd of patients with necrotizing pancreatitis resulting in higher mortality. So, timely diagnosis of infected necrosis using clinical, laboratory and radiological parameters is of utmost importance. Though initial conservative management with antibiotics and organ support system is effective in some patients, a majority of patients still requires drainage of the collection by various modalities. Mode of drainage of infected pancreatic necrosis depends on various factors such as the clinical status of the patient, location and characteristics of collection and availability of the expertise and includes endoscopic, percutaneous and minimally invasive or open surgical approaches. Endoscopic drainage has proved to be a game changer in the management of infected pancreatic necrosis in the last decade with rapid evolution in procedure techniques, development of novel metal stent and dedicated necrosectomy devices for better clinical outcome. Despite widespread adoption of endoscopic transluminal drainage of pancreatic necrosis with excellent clinical outcomes, peripheral collections are still not amenable for endoscopic drainage and in such scenario, the role of percutaneous catheter drainage or minimally invasive surgical necrosectomy cannot be understated. In a nutshell, the management of patients with infected pancreatic necrosis involves a multi-disciplinary team including a gastroenterologist, an intensivist, an interventional radiologist and a surgeon for optimum clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimil Shah
- Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160 012, India
| | - Michael Fernandez Y Viesca
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology, and Digestive Oncology, Erasme University Hospital, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Marianna Arvanitakis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology, and Digestive Oncology, Erasme University Hospital, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
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Malheiro F, Ângelo-Dias M, Lopes T, Martins CG, Borrego LM. Cytokine Dynamics in Acute Pancreatitis: The Quest for Biomarkers from Acute Disease to Disease Resolution. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2287. [PMID: 38673560 PMCID: PMC11051017 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas with incompletely known pathogenic mechanisms. This study aimed to explore the temporal changes in serum cytokines in patients with AP and to assess the association of these changes with disease severity. Methods: Fifty patients hospitalized with AP were enrolled, and their serum cytokine levels were analyzed at four different time points. A healthy control (HC) group of 30 outpatients was included. Results: AP patients showed increased levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 at admission when compared with HC. IL-6, VEGF, and EGF remained elevated 1 month after hospitalization and 6 months after discharge. Conclusions the Bedside Index of Severity in Acute Pancreatitis (BISAP) and severity classification of the revised Atlanta classification system, IL-6 and VEGF, determined 48 h after hospitalization, were the two cytokines consistently elevated in the most severe patients. Increased levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-alpha at admission and MCP-1 48 h after admission are also related to the length of hospital stay. Conclusions: Our study highlights the role cytokines play in the pathogenesis of AP and can be useful in the development of future drug trials for AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Malheiro
- Internal Medicine Department, LUZ SAÚDE, Hospital da Luz Lisboa, 1500-650 Lisboa, Portugal
- CHRC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.Â.-D.); (T.L.); (C.G.M.); (L.M.B.)
| | - Miguel Ângelo-Dias
- CHRC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.Â.-D.); (T.L.); (C.G.M.); (L.M.B.)
- Immunology Department, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Teresa Lopes
- CHRC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.Â.-D.); (T.L.); (C.G.M.); (L.M.B.)
- Immunology Department, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Gregório Martins
- CHRC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.Â.-D.); (T.L.); (C.G.M.); (L.M.B.)
- Immunology Department, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luis Miguel Borrego
- CHRC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.Â.-D.); (T.L.); (C.G.M.); (L.M.B.)
- Immunology Department, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
- Immunoallergy Department, LUZ SAÚDE, Hospital da Luz Lisboa, 1500-650 Lisboa, Portugal
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Xiao S, Han X, Bai S, Chen R. Analysis of immune cell infiltration characteristics in severe acute pancreatitis through integrated bioinformatics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8711. [PMID: 38622245 PMCID: PMC11018854 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59205-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The etiopathogenesis of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) remains poorly understood. We aim to investigate the role of immune cells Infiltration Characteristics during SAP progression. Gene expression profiles of the GSE194331 dataset were retrieved from the GEO. Lasso regression and random forest algorithms were employed to select feature genes from genes related to SAP progression and immune responses. CIBERSORT was utilized to estimate differences in immune cell types and proportions and the relationship between immune cells and gene expression. We performed pathway enrichment analysis using GSEA to examine disparities in KEGG signaling pathways when comparing the two groups. Additionally, CMap analysis was executed to identify prospective small molecular compounds. The three hub genes (CBLB, JADE2, RNF144A) were identified that can predict SAP progression. Analysis of CIBERSORT and TISIDB databases has shown that there are significant differences in immune cell expression levels between the normal and SAP groups, and three hub genes (CBLB, JADE2, RNF144A) were highly correlated with multiple immune cells, regulating the characteristics of immune cell infiltration in the microenvironment. Finally, drug prediction through the Connectivity Map database suggested that compounds such as Entecavir, KU-0063794, Y-27632, and Antipyrine have certain effects as potential targeted drugs for the treatment of SAP. CBLB, JADE2, and RNF144A are hub genes in SAP, potentially playing important roles in SAP progression. This finding further broadens the understanding of the etiopathogenesis of SAP and provides a feasible basis for future research on diagnostic and immunotherapeutic targets for SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Xiao
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Nutriology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shuhui Bai
- Department of General Practice, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of General Practice, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China.
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Wang L, Zhou J, Lv C, Hong D, Wang Z, Mao W, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Li Y, Li G, Ye B, Li B, Cao L, Tong Z, Li W, Ke L. Impact of therapeutic plasmapheresis on the duration of organ failure in patients with hypertriglyceridemia-associated acute pancreatitis. Ann Intensive Care 2024; 14:57. [PMID: 38619686 PMCID: PMC11018571 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-024-01285-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasmapheresis is widely used for severe hypertriglyceridemia-associated acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP) to remove excessive triglycerides from plasma. This study aimed to evaluate whether plasmapheresis could improve the duration of organ failure in HTG-AP patients. METHODS We analyzed a cohort of patients from a multicenter, prospective, long-running registry (the PERFORM) collecting HTG-AP patients admitted to the study sites within 72 h from the onset of symptoms. This study was based on data collected from November 2020 to March 2023. Patients who had organ failure at enrollment were involved in the analyses. The primary outcome was time to organ failure resolution within 14 days. Multivariable Cox regression model was used to evaluate the association between plasmapheresis and time to organ failure resolution. Directed acyclic graph (DAG) was used to identify potential confounders. RESULTS A total of 122 HTG-AP patients were included (median [IQR] sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score at enrollment, 3.00 [2.00-4.00]). Among the study patients, 46 underwent plasmapheresis, and 76 received medical treatment. The DAG revealed that baseline serum triglyceride, APACHE II score, respiratory failure, cardiovascular failure, and renal failure were potential confounders. After adjusting for the selected confounders, there was no significant difference in time to organ failure resolution between patients undergoing plasmapheresis and those receiving exclusive medical treatment (HR = 1.07; 95%CI 0.68-1.68; P = 0.777). Moreover, the use of plasmapheresis was associated with higher ICU requirements (97.8% [45/46] vs. 65.8% [50/76]; OR, 19.33; 95%CI 2.20 to 169.81; P = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS In HTG-AP patients with early organ failure, plasmapheresis was not associated with accelerated organ failure resolution compared to medical treatment but may be associated with more ICU admissions. TRIAL REGISTRATION The PERFORM study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2000039541). Registered 30 October 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanting Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
- Research Institute of Critical Care Medicine and Emergency Rescue at Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Donghuang Hong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zuozheng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Wenjian Mao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Yuxiu Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
- National Institute of Healthcare Data Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zixiong Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Yuanzhen Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Bo Ye
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Baiqiang Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Longxiang Cao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China.
- Research Institute of Critical Care Medicine and Emergency Rescue at Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- National Institute of Healthcare Data Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhihui Tong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
- Research Institute of Critical Care Medicine and Emergency Rescue at Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiqin Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
- Research Institute of Critical Care Medicine and Emergency Rescue at Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- National Institute of Healthcare Data Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Ke
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China.
- Research Institute of Critical Care Medicine and Emergency Rescue at Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- National Institute of Healthcare Data Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Kouchi K, Takenouchi A, Matsuoka A, Yabe K, Yoshizawa H, Nakata C, Fujishiro J, Sugiyama H. Case Series of Endoscopic Papillary Balloon Dilation for Children with Common Bile Duct Stones and a Review of the Literature. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2251. [PMID: 38673524 PMCID: PMC11050672 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) has been employed for the endoscopic treatment of common bile duct stones (CBDSs) and has been reported to have a high success rate for stone removal. However, EST is associated with a risk of bleeding, perforation, and sphincter of Oddi function disruption. To avoid these risks, endoscopic papillary balloon dilation (EPBD) is an option for CBDS. Sphincter of Oddi function preservation decreases long-term biliary infection and gallstone recurrence. EPBD may have advantages in children who require a long follow up. However, there have been few reports on pediatric cases, particularly in infants. Methods: From September 2017 to December 2023, we performed EPBD for four pediatric CBDSs. The patients were aged from 5 months to 8 years, including two infants aged 5 and 6 months. Furthermore, we reviewed the stone removal rate and complications of 545 ESTs performed at high-volume centers and 13 EPBD-reported cases in children with CBDSs. Results: CBDSs of all patients who underwent EPBD in our institution were successfully removed. No bleeding or perforation was noted; pancreatitis was observed in three patients. In an analysis of 545 ESTs in children, the stone removal rate was high, ranging from 83% to 100% (mean 96%). The incidence of pancreatitis was 0-9.6% (mean 4.4%), and the grade of pancreatitis was almost mild. The bleeding frequency was 1.3-5.4% (mean 2.7%). With regards to the grade of bleeding, seven cases were mild (64%) and four were moderate (36%). Compared with adults who underwent EST, the frequencies of pancreatitis and bleeding were almost equal in children; however, in children, once bleeding occurs, it has a higher risk of leading to blood transfusion. Stone removal via EPBD in children has a 100% success rate. Pancreatitis was responsible for all complications were related; its frequency was 46% (6/13 patients, including five mild cases and one moderate case), which is higher than that of EST and adult cases who underwent EPBD. In most children with pancreatitis, pancreatic enzyme levels returned to normal within 2-3 days following EPBD, and no severe cases caused by EPBD were reported. Conclusions: CBDS removal via EPBD in children has a high success rate with very low risk of bleeding and perforation. Although pancreatitis frequently occurs, most cases are mild. Sphincter of Oddi function preservation via EPBD is expected to prevent long-term stone recurrence and biliary tract infection, and EPBD is considered to be an effective method for CBDS removal in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori Kouchi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Ohwadashinden 477-96, Yachiyo 276-8524, Japan; (A.T.); (A.M.); (K.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Ayako Takenouchi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Ohwadashinden 477-96, Yachiyo 276-8524, Japan; (A.T.); (A.M.); (K.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Aki Matsuoka
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Ohwadashinden 477-96, Yachiyo 276-8524, Japan; (A.T.); (A.M.); (K.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Kiyoaki Yabe
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Ohwadashinden 477-96, Yachiyo 276-8524, Japan; (A.T.); (A.M.); (K.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hiroko Yoshizawa
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Ohwadashinden 477-96, Yachiyo 276-8524, Japan; (A.T.); (A.M.); (K.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Chikako Nakata
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Ohwadashinden 477-96, Yachiyo 276-8524, Japan; (A.T.); (A.M.); (K.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Jun Fujishiro
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo University, Hongou 7-3-1, Bunkyou-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan;
| | - Harutoshi Sugiyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, 8-1 Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan;
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Yang K, Xie R, Xiao G, Zhao Z, Ding M, Lin T, Tsang YS, Chen Y, Xu D, Fei J. The integration of single-cell and bulk RNA-seq atlas reveals ERS-mediated acinar cell damage in acute pancreatitis. J Transl Med 2024; 22:346. [PMID: 38605381 PMCID: PMC11010368 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05156-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a clinically common acute abdominal disease, whose pathogenesis remains unclear. The severe patients usually have multiple complications and lack specific drugs, leading to a high mortality and poor outcome. Acinar cells are recognized as the initial site of AP. However, there are no precise single-cell transcriptomic profiles to decipher the landscape of acinar cells during AP, which are the missing pieces of jigsaw we aimed to complete in this study. METHODS A single-cell sequencing dataset was used to identify the cell types in pancreas of AP mice and to depict the transcriptomic maps in acinar cells. The pathways' activities were evaluated by gene sets enrichment analysis (GSEA) and single-cell gene sets variation analysis (GSVA). Pseudotime analysis was performed to describe the development trajectories of acinar cells. We also constructed the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and identified the hub genes. Another independent single-cell sequencing dataset of pancreas samples from AP mice and a bulk RNA sequencing dataset of peripheral blood samples from AP patients were also analyzed. RESULTS In this study, we identified genetic markers of each cell type in the pancreas of AP mice based on single-cell sequencing datasets and analyzed the transcription changes in acinar cells. We found that acinar cells featured acinar-ductal metaplasia (ADM), as well as increased endocytosis and vesicle transport activity during AP. Notably, the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and ER-associated degradation (ERAD) pathways activated by accumulation of unfolded/misfolded proteins in acinar cells could be pivotal for the development of AP. CONCLUSION We deciphered the distinct roadmap of acinar cells in the early stage of AP at single-cell level. ERS and ERAD pathways are crucially important for acinar homeostasis and the pathogenesis of AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaige Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongli Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital LuWan Branch, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohui Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital LuWan Branch, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingyu Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiu Sing Tsang
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jian Fei
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital LuWan Branch, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Tang X, Chen Y, Huang S, Jiang J, Luo B, Ren W, Zhou X, Shi X, Zhang W, Shi L, Zhong X, Lü M. Acute Pancreatitis in Pregnancy: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis and Dynamic Nomogram for Risk Assessment. Dig Dis Sci 2024:10.1007/s10620-024-08415-8. [PMID: 38602621 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08415-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis is easily confused with abdominal pain symptoms, and it could lead to serious complications for pregnant women and fetus, the mortality was as high as 3.3% and 11.6-18.7%, respectively. However, there is still lack of sensitive laboratory markers for early diagnosis of APIP and authoritative guidelines to guide treatment. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to explore the risk factors of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy, establish, and evaluate the dynamic prediction model of risk factors in acute pancreatitis in pregnancy patients. STUDY DESIGN Clinical data of APIP patients and non-pregnant acute pancreases patients who underwent regular antenatal check-ups during the same period were collected. The dataset after propensity matching was randomly divided into training set and verification set at a ratio of 7:3. The model was constructed using Logistic regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression, R language and other methods. The training set model was used to construct the diagnostic nomogram model and the validation set was used to validate the model. Finally, the accuracy and clinical practicability of the model were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 111 APIP were included. In all APIP patients, hyperlipidemic pancreatitis was the most important reason. The levels of serum amylase, creatinine, albumin, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein A1 were significantly different between the two groups. The propensity matching method was used to match pregnant pancreatitis patients and pregnant non-pancreatic patients 1:1 according to age and gestational age, and the matching tolerance was 0.02. The multivariate logistic regression analysis of training set showed that diabetes, triglyceride, Body Mass Index, white blood cell, and C-reactive protein were identified and entered the dynamic nomogram. The area under the ROC curve of the training set was 0.942 and in validation set was 0.842. The calibration curve showed good predictive in training set, and the calibration performance in the validation set was acceptable. The calibration curve showed the consistency between the nomogram model and the actual probability. CONCLUSION The dynamic nomogram model we constructed to predict the risk factors of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy has high accuracy, discrimination, and clinical practicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Street Taiping No.25, Region Jiangyang, Luzhou, 646099, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Street Taiping No.25, Region Jiangyang, Luzhou, 646099, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Shu Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lianshui County People' Hospital, Huaian, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lianshui People' Hospital of Kangda College Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Jiao Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Street Taiping No.25, Region Jiangyang, Luzhou, 646099, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Bei Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Street Taiping No.25, Region Jiangyang, Luzhou, 646099, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Wensen Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Street Taiping No.25, Region Jiangyang, Luzhou, 646099, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Street Taiping No.25, Region Jiangyang, Luzhou, 646099, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Street Taiping No.25, Region Jiangyang, Luzhou, 646099, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Street Taiping No.25, Region Jiangyang, Luzhou, 646099, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Street Taiping No.25, Region Jiangyang, Luzhou, 646099, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Street Taiping No.25, Region Jiangyang, Luzhou, 646099, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Muhan Lü
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Street Taiping No.25, Region Jiangyang, Luzhou, 646099, Sichuan, China.
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China.
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Varadarajulu S, Cangelosi MJ, Cramer GR, Kuipers K, Reimer S, Roy AK. Clinical and Economic Implications of Interventions in Pancreatic Fluid Collections: An Assessment From a National Claims Database. Pancreas 2024:00006676-990000000-00146. [PMID: 38598366 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare clinical and economic implications of percutaneous and endoscopic treatment approaches in patients with pancreatic fluid collections (PFCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective claims analysis of Medicare beneficiaries who underwent inpatient endoscopic or percutaneous PFC drainage procedures (2016-2020). We performed longitudinal analysis of claims for all-cause mortality and rehospitalization during 180-day follow-up. Main outcome was mortality. Other outcomes were rehospitalization and direct costs. RESULTS A total of 1311 patients underwent endoscopic (n = 727) or percutaneous (n = 584) drainage. Percutaneous as compared with endoscopic approach was associated with higher mortality (23.08% vs 16.7%, P = 0.004), rehospitalization (58.9% vs 53.3%, P = 0.04), and mean direct hospital costs ($37,107 [SD = $67,833] vs $27,800 [SD = $43,854], P = 0.004). On multivariable analysis, percutaneous drainage (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-1.86; P = 0.039), older age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01-1.04; P < 0.001), intensive care unit stay (HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.03; P < 0.001), and multiple comorbidities (HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.05-1.09; P < 0.001) were significantly associated with mortality. Percutaneous drainage (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.30; 95% CI, 1.04-1.63; P = 0.027) and older age (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97-0.99; P < 0.001) were significantly associated with rehospitalizations. CONCLUSIONS As percutaneous drainage may be associated with higher mortality, rehospitalization, and costs, when requisite expertise is available, endoscopy should be preferred for treatment of PFC amenable to such an approach. Randomized trials are required to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ann K Roy
- Boston Scientific Corporation, Marlborough, MA
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