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Liu Y, Ao X, Ji G, Zhang Y, Yu W, Wang J. Mechanisms of Action And Clinical Implications of MicroRNAs in the Drug Resistance of Gastric Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:768918. [PMID: 34912714 PMCID: PMC8667691 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.768918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of digestive systems worldwide, with high recurrence and mortality. Chemotherapy is still the standard treatment option for GC and can effectively improve the survival and life quality of GC patients. However, with the emergence of drug resistance, the clinical application of chemotherapeutic agents has been seriously restricted in GC patients. Although the mechanisms of drug resistance have been broadly investigated, they are still largely unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a large group of small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) widely involved in the occurrence and progression of many cancer types, including GC. An increasing amount of evidence suggests that miRNAs may play crucial roles in the development of drug resistance by regulating some drug resistance-related proteins as well as gene expression. Some also exhibit great potential as novel biomarkers for predicting drug response to chemotherapy and therapeutic targets for GC patients. In this review, we systematically summarize recent advances in miRNAs and focus on their molecular mechanisms in the development of drug resistance in GC progression. We also highlight the potential of drug resistance-related miRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guoqiang Ji
- Clinical Laboratory, Linqu People's Hospital, Linqu, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wanpeng Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianxun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Liu YP, Qiu ZZ, Li XH, Li EY. Propofol induces ferroptosis and inhibits malignant phenotypes of gastric cancer cells by regulating miR-125b-5p/STAT3 axis. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13:2114-2128. [PMID: 35070046 PMCID: PMC8713308 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i12.2114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is a common malignancy with poor prognosis, in which ferroptosis plays a crucial function in its development. Propofol is a widely used anesthetic and has antitumor potential in gastric cancer. However, the effect of propofol on ferroptosis during gastric cancer progression remains unreported.
AIM To explore the function of propofol in the regulation of ferroptosis and malignant phenotypes of gastric cancer cells.
METHODS MTT assays, colony formation assays, Transwell assays, wound healing assay, analysis of apoptosis, ferroptosis measurement, luciferase reporter gene assay, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were used in this study.
RESULTS Our data showed that propofol was able to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. Meanwhile, propofol markedly repressed the invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells. Importantly, propofol enhanced the erastin-induced inhibition of growth of gastric cancer cells. Consistently, propofol increased the levels of reactive oxygen species, iron, and Fe2+ in gastric cancer cells. Moreover, propofol suppressed signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 expression by upregulating miR-125b-5p and propofol induced ferroptosis by targeting STAT3 in gastric cancer cells. The miR-125b-5p inhibitor or STAT3 overexpression reversed propofol-attenuated malignant phenotypes of gastric cancer cells.
CONCLUSION Propofol induced ferroptosis and inhibited malignant phenotypes of gastric cancer cells by regulating the miR-125b-5p/STAT3 axis. Propofol may serve as a potential therapeutic candidate for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ping Liu
- Department ofAnesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zhong-Zhi Qiu
- Department ofAnesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xu-Hui Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Forest Industry Federation (Red Cross) Hospital, Harbin 150008, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - En-You Li
- Department ofAnesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
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453
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Construction and validation of a risk scoring model for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma based on ferroptosis-related genes and its association with immune infiltration. Transl Oncol 2021; 16:101314. [PMID: 34920339 PMCID: PMC8683649 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Categorization of DLBCL into four clusters based on survival- and ferroptosis-related factors. Establishment of an efficient risk scoring model is established for patients with DLBCL. Ferroptosis-based risk scoring model reveals immune infiltration correlation in DLBCL.
Backgrounds The prognostic significance of ferroptosis-related genes is well known. However, survival- and ferroptosis-related genes are not currently considered in risk scoring models for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Materials and methods Ferroptosis regulators and markers were downloaded from the FerrDb database. The transcriptome profiling data were collected from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA). Transcriptome data and corresponding clinical information of DLBCL were downloaded from the gene expression omnibus (GEO). The validation data were downloaded using the UCSC Xena browser. ConsensusClusterPlus was used to categorize DLBCL samples according to gene expression profiles. The survival function was plotted with the Kaplan-Meier plots. The nomogram was built using multivariate logistic regression analysis and the Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results Based on the GSE11318 dataset of 203 samples and 267 ferroptosis-related gene expression profiles, we identified four clusters. A total of 19 survival-related genes were found associated with ferroptosis. The prognostic risk scoring model was constructed based on the regression coefficients. The obtained area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values were 0.769, 0.801, and 0.791 for 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival, respectively. DLBCL samples with cluster 2 or cancer stage IV have shorter survival. Correlations between the immune infiltration and risk scores of the 12 immune cells were demonstrated. The response of DLBCL to doxorubicin was effectively validated by the risk scoring model. Conclusions In this study, a ferroptosis-based risk scoring model for patients with DLBCL was constructed and validated in an independent dataset. This risk score model has a better efficacy in predicting survival compared to clinical characteristics.
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454
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Ferroptosis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Progression and Therapeutic Potential on It. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413335. [PMID: 34948133 PMCID: PMC8704137 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As a main subtype of lung cancer, the current situation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains severe worldwide with a 19% survival rate at 5 years. As the conventional therapy approaches, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, gradually develop into therapy resistance, searching for a novel therapeutic strategy for NSCLC is urgent. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent programmed necrosis, has now been widely considered as a key factor affecting the tumorigenesis and progression in various cancers. Focusing on its effect in NSCLC, in different situations, ferroptosis can be triggered or restrained. When ferroptosis was induced in NSCLC, it was available to inhibit the tumor progression both in vitro and in vivo. The dominating mechanism was due to a regulation of the classic ferroptosis-repressed GSH-dependent GPX4 signaling pathway instead of other fractional regulating signal axes that regulated ferroptosis via impacting on the ROS, cellular iron levels, etc. In terms of the prevention of ferroptosis in NSCLC, an GSH-independent mechanism was also discovered, interestingly exhibiting the same upstream as the GPX4 signaling. In addition, this review summarizes the progression of ferroptosis in NSCLC and elaborates their association and specific mechanisms through bioinformatics analysis with multiple experimental evidence from different cascades. Finally, this review also points out the possibility of ferroptosis working as a novel strategy for therapy resistance in NSCLC, emphasizing its therapeutic potential.
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455
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Cai L, Ying M, Wu H. Microenvironmental Factors Modulating Tumor Lipid Metabolism: Paving the Way to Better Antitumoral Therapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:777273. [PMID: 34888248 PMCID: PMC8649922 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.777273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is one of the emerging hallmarks of cancer and is driven by both the oncogenic mutations and challenging microenvironment. To satisfy the demands of energy and biomass for rapid proliferation, the metabolism of various nutrients in tumor cells undergoes important changes, among which the aberrant lipid metabolism has gained increasing attention in facilitating tumor development and metastasis in the past few years. Obstacles emerged in the aspect of application of targeting lipid metabolism for tumor therapy, due to lacking of comprehensive understanding on its regulating mechanism. Tumor cells closely interact with stromal niche, which highly contributes to metabolic rewiring of critical nutrients in cancer cells. This fact makes the impact of microenvironment on tumor lipid metabolism a topic of renewed interest. Abundant evidence has shown that many factors existing in the tumor microenvironment can rewire multiple signaling pathways and proteins involved in lipid metabolic pathways of cancer cells. Hence in this review, we summarized the recent progress on the understanding of microenvironmental factors regulating tumor lipid metabolism, and discuss the potential of modulating lipid metabolism as an anticancer approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limeng Cai
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory for Cancer Intervention and Prevention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minfeng Ying
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory for Cancer Intervention and Prevention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory for Cancer Intervention and Prevention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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456
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Lu T, Zhang Z, Pan X, Zhang J, Wang X, Wang M, Li H, Yan M, Chen W. Caveolin-1 promotes cancer progression via inhibiting ferroptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2021; 51:52-62. [PMID: 34874578 PMCID: PMC9300096 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive disease worldwide. Much progress has been made in exploring mechanisms and improving the therapy of HNSCC, but only a few studies have focused on the role of ferroptosis on HNSCC progression. The current study aimed to reveal the underlining mechanisms that caveolin‐1 (CAV1)‐ROS (reactive oxygen species)‐ferroptosis axis affect the process of HNSCC and discover novo therapeutic targets or strategies. Methods The role of CAV1 in ferroptosis was analyzed by FerrDb, and its clinical significance was examined by TCGA dataset of HNSCC. The expressions of caveolin‐1 (CAV1) in HNSCC tissues were measured by immunohistochemistry, western blot, and real‐time PCR assay. Three siRNA sequences were designed to silence CAV1 mRNA in HNSCC cells. Cell proliferation, colony formation, wound‐healing, and transwell assays were used to examine the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells. ROS evaluation and intracellular Fe2+ content assays were performed to examine the levels of ferroptosis. Results Through the analysis with published data, CAV1 was found to overexpress in HNSCC than normal tissues, and was one of the vital suppressors of ferroptosis pathway. Our study showed that CAV1 was over expressed in HNSCC tissues and the high level of CAV1 predicted poorer prognosis. Further experiments indicated that CAV1 could inhibit the ferroptosis of cancer cells and promote the proliferation, migration and invasion. Conclusions Overexpression of CAV1 in HNSCC inhibited the process of ferroptosis, leading to aggressive phenotypes, as well as worse prognosis. The regulatory pathway of CAV1 and ferroptosis are potential targets for designing diagnostic and combined therapeutic strategies for HNSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingwei Lu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinhua Pan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Miaochen Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huasheng Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Yan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wantao Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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A Novel Ferroptosis-Related Gene Risk Signature for Predicting Prognosis and Immunotherapy Response in Gastric Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:2385406. [PMID: 34868391 PMCID: PMC8642032 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2385406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide with complicated molecular and cellular heterogeneity. Iron metabolism and ferroptosis play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of GC. However, the prognostic role and immunotherapy biomarker potential of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in GC still remains to be clarified. Methods We comprehensively analyzed the prognosis of different expression FRGs, based on gastric carcinoma patients in the TCGA cohort. The functional enrichment and immune microenvironment associated with these genes in gastric cancer were investigated. The prognostic model was constructed to clarify the relation between FRGs and the prognosis of GC. Meanwhile, the ceRNA network of FRGs in the prognostic model was performed to explore the regulatory mechanisms. Results Gastric carcinoma patients were classified into the A, B, and C FRGClusters with different features based on 19 prognostic ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes in the TCGA database. To quantify the FRG characteristics of individual patients, FRGScore was constructed. And the research shows the GC patients with higher FRGScore had worse survival outcome. Moreover, thirteen prognostic ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were selected to construct a prognostic model for GC survival outcome with a superior accuracy in this research. And we also found that FRG RiskScore can be an independent biomarker for the prognosis of GC patients. Interestingly, GC patients with lower RiskScore had less immune dysfunction and were more likely to respond to immunotherapy according to TIDE value analysis. Finally, a ceRNA network based on FRGs in the prognostic model was analyzed to show the concrete regulation mechanisms. Conclusions The ferroptosis-related gene risk signature has a superior potent in predicting GC prognosis and acts as the biomarkers for immunotherapy, which may provide a reference in clinic.
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458
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Yan Z, Sheng Z, Zheng Y, Feng R, Xiao Q, Shi L, Li H, Yin C, Luo H, Hao C, Wang W, Zhang B. Cancer-associated fibroblast-derived exosomal miR-18b promotes breast cancer invasion and metastasis by regulating TCEAL7. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1120. [PMID: 34853307 PMCID: PMC8636636 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04409-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play an irreplaceable role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Therefore, exploring the action and mechanism of CAFs on tumor cells is particularly important. In this study, we compared the effects of CAFs-derived exosomes and normal fibroblasts (NFs)-derived exosomes on breast cancer cells migration and invasion. The results showed that exosomes from both CAFs and NFs could enter into breast cancer cells and CAFs-derived exosomes had a more enhancing effect on breast cancer cells migration and invasion than NFs-derived exosomes. Furthermore, microRNA (miR)-18b was upregulated in CAFs-derived exosomes, and CAFs-derived exosomes miR-18b can promote breast cancer cell migration and metastasis by specifically binding to the 3'UTR of Transcription Elongation Factor A Like 7 (TCEAL7). The miR-18b-TCEAL7 pathway promotes nuclear Snail ectopic activation by activating nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), thereby inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promoting cell invasion and metastasis. Moreover, CAFs-derived exosomes miR-18b could promote mouse xenograft model tumor metastasis. Overall, our findings suggest that CAFs-derived exosomes miR-18b promote nuclear Snail ectopic by targeting TCEAL7 to activate the NF-κB pathway, thereby inducing EMT, invasion, and metastasis of breast cancer. Targeting CAFs-derived exosome miR-18b may be a potential treatment option to overcome breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqian Yan
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong China ,grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong China
| | - Zhimei Sheng
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong China ,grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong China
| | - Yuanhang Zheng
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong China ,grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong China
| | - Ruijun Feng
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong China ,grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong China
| | - Qinpei Xiao
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong China ,grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong China
| | - Lihong Shi
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Pharmacology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong China
| | - Hongli Li
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Medicine Research Center, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong China
| | - Chonggao Yin
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Medicine Research Center, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong China
| | - Hao Luo
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong China ,grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong China
| | - Chong Hao
- Department of Oncology, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, Shandong China
| | - Wenhao Wang
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong China
| | - Baogang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China. .,Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
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Li C, Teixeira AF, Zhu HJ, Ten Dijke P. Cancer associated-fibroblast-derived exosomes in cancer progression. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:154. [PMID: 34852849 PMCID: PMC8638446 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01463-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
To identify novel cancer therapies, the tumor microenvironment (TME) has received a lot of attention in recent years in particular with the advent of clinical successes achieved by targeting immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The TME consists of multiple cell types that are embedded in the extracellular matrix (ECM), including immune cells, endothelial cells and cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which communicate with cancer cells and each other during tumor progression. CAFs are a dominant and heterogeneous cell type within the TME with a pivotal role in controlling cancer cell invasion and metastasis, immune evasion, angiogenesis and chemotherapy resistance. CAFs mediate their effects in part by remodeling the ECM and by secreting soluble factors and extracellular vesicles. Exosomes are a subtype of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which contain various biomolecules such as nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins. The biomolecules in exosomes can be transmitted from one to another cell, and thereby affect the behavior of the receiving cell. As exosomes are also present in circulation, their contents can also be explored as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer patients. In this review, we concentrate on the role of CAFs-derived exosomes in the communication between CAFs and cancer cells and other cells of the TME. First, we introduce the multiple roles of CAFs in tumorigenesis. Thereafter, we discuss the ways CAFs communicate with cancer cells and interplay with other cells of the TME, and focus in particular on the role of exosomes. Then, we elaborate on the mechanisms by which CAFs-derived exosomes contribute to cancer progression, as well as and the clinical impact of exosomes. We conclude by discussing aspects of exosomes that deserve further investigation, including emerging insights into making treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitor blockade more efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Adilson Fonseca Teixeira
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Hong-Jian Zhu
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
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Huang C, Liu J, He L, Wang F, Xiong B, Li Y, Yang X. The long noncoding RNA noncoding RNA activated by DNA damage (NORAD)-microRNA-496-Interleukin-33 axis affects carcinoma-associated fibroblasts-mediated gastric cancer development. Bioengineered 2021; 12:11738-11755. [PMID: 34895039 PMCID: PMC8810175 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2009412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the crucial parts of in the tumor microenvironment and contribute to tumor progression. Interleukin-33 (IL-33), a tissue-derived nuclear cytokine from the IL-1 family, has been found abnormally expressed in tumor cells and Fibroblast. However, the role and mechanism of IL-33 in the interaction between gastric cancer (GC) cells and CAFs need investigation. Presently, we inquire into the function of lncRNA NORAD-miR-496 axis-mediated IL-33 in modulating the GC-CAFs interaction. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was adopted to gauge the expression of NORAD, miR-496, and IL-33 in GC tissues and cells, and gain- or loss-of-function assays were conducted to investigate the role of them in GC. A GC cell-CAFs co-culture model was established to explore the interaction between CAFs and GCs. As exhibited, NORAD was up-regulated in GC tissues and cells, while miR-496 was remarkably down-regulated. Overexpressing NORAD substantially promoted the proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of GC cells and repressed cell death, while overexpressing miR-496 had the opposite effects. Additionally, NORAD enhanced the IL-33 expression and the release of IL-33 from GC cells. The dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR-496 was a target of NORAD and targeted IL-33. CAFs aggravated the malignant behaviors of GC cells as indicated by both experiments. However, NORAD knockdown in CAFs reversed CAFs-mediated promotive effects on GC cells. In conclusion, NORAD enhanced the promotive effect of CAFs in GC cells by up-regulating IL-33 and targeting miR-496, which provided new insights into the microenvironment of GC cells and CAFs.Abbreviation ANOVA: Analysis of Variance; BCA:Bicinchoninic acid; CAFs: carcinoma-associated fibroblasts; CCK-8: cell counting kit-8; ceRNA: competing endogenous RNA; DAPI: 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; DMEM: Dulbecco's minimal essential medium/Ham's; ECL: enhanced chemiluminiscent; ELISA: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; EMT: epithelial-mesenchymal transition; FBS: fetal bovine serum; FISH:Fluorescence in situ hybridization; FITC:fluorescein isothiocyanate; FSP:fibroblast-specific protein; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GC: gastric cancer; IHC: immunohistochemistry; IL: Interleukin; lncRNA: long Noncoding RNA; miR-496: microRNA-496; MMP-14:matrix metalloproteinase-14; MUT:mutant; MYH9: myosin heavy chain 9; NFs: normal fibroblasts; NORAD: Noncoding RNA activated by DNA damage; ORF: open reading frame; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; PMSF: Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride; PVDF: polyvinylidene difluoride; RIPA: Radio-Immunoprecipitation Assay; RT-PCR: Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; S100A4:S100 calcium binding protein A4; SDS-PAGE: sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; sh-NC: short-hairpin RNA negative control; sh-NORAD: short-hairpin RNA of NORAD; α-SMA: α-smooth muscle actin; TBST: Tris-buffered saline with Tween-20; TGF-β1: Transforming growth factor β1; TUNEL: TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling; TWIST1: the twist-related protein 1; VEGF-C: vascular endothelial growth factor C; WT: Wildtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center & Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiuyang Liu
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center & Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liang He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fubing Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bin Xiong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center & Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Peritoneal Cancer Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center & Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Dou R, Liu K, Yang C, Zheng J, Shi D, Lin X, Wei C, Zhang C, Fang Y, Huang S, Song J, Wang S, Xiong B. EMT-cancer cells-derived exosomal miR-27b-3p promotes circulating tumour cells-mediated metastasis by modulating vascular permeability in colorectal cancer. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e595. [PMID: 34936736 PMCID: PMC8694332 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis is the main cause of death in colorectal cancer (CRC). Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) are regarded as the precursor cells of metastasis. The CTCs, which underwent epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), are associated with metastasis and responsible for poor prognosis. EMT cancer cells modulate endothelial permeability in the invasive front and facilitate cancer cell intravasation, resulting in CTCs-mediated distant metastasis. Exosomes derived from cancer cells are key mediators of cancer-host intercommunication. However, the mechanism by which EMT-tumour cells-derived exosomes modulate vascular permeability and promote CTCs generation has remained unclear. METHODS Exosomes isolation and purification were conducted by ultra-centrifugation. Exosomal miRNA was identified by sequencing followed by quantitative PCR. In vitro co-culture assay experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of exosomal miR-27b-3p on the permeability of blood vessel endothelium. Dual-luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) were performed to investigate the underlying mechanism by which miR-27b-3p is packaged into exosomes. A mouse model was established to determine the role of exosomal miR-27b-3p in blood vessel permeability modulation in vivo. RESULTS We found that EMT-CRC cells attenuate the blood vessel barrier by transferring miR-27b-3p to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in exosomes. Mechanically, miR-27b-3p atteuated the expression of vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-Cad) and p120 at the post-transcriptional level by binding to 3'-untranslated region of VE-Cad and p120 directly. The packaging of miR-27b-3p into exosomes was induced by heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1), which activated by STAT3. Clinically, miR-27b-3p up-regulated in CRC tissues. Plasma exosomal miR-27b-3p was positively correlated with malignant progression and CTC count in CRC patients. Our study reveals a novel mechanism by which EMT-CRC cells promote metastasis, increasing blood vessel permeability and facilitating the generation of CTCs. CONCLUSION Exosomal miR-27b-3p secreted by EMT-CRC cells increases blood vessel permeability and facilitates the generation of CTCs. Exosomal miR-27b-3p may become a promising biomarker for CRC metastasis.
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Insight into the Double-Edged Role of Ferroptosis in Disease. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121790. [PMID: 34944434 PMCID: PMC8699194 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a newly described type of iron-dependent programmed cell death that is distinct from apoptosis, necroptosis, and other types of cell death, is involved in lipid peroxidation (LP), reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Accumulating evidence has highlighted vital roles for ferroptosis in multiple diseases, including acute kidney injury, cancer, hepatic fibrosis, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, ferroptosis has become one of the research hotspots for disease treatment and attracted extensive attention in recent years. This review mainly summarizes the relationship between ferroptosis and various diseases classified by the system, including the urinary system, digestive system, respiratory system, nervous system. In addition, the role and molecular mechanism of multiple inhibitors and inducers for ferroptosis are further elucidated. A deeper understanding of the relationship between ferroptosis and multiple diseases may provide new strategies for researching diseases and drug development based on ferroptosis.
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Xu C, Liu Z, Xiao J. Ferroptosis: A Double-Edged Sword in Gastrointestinal Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212403. [PMID: 34830285 PMCID: PMC8620748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel form of regulated cell death (RCD) that is typically accompanied by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. In contrast to apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis, ferroptosis has unique biological processes and pathophysiological characteristics. Since it was first proposed in 2012, ferroptosis has attracted attention worldwide. Ferroptosis is involved in the progression of multiple diseases and could be a novel therapeutic target in the future. Recently, tremendous progress has been made regarding ferroptosis and gastrointestinal diseases, including intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), gastric cancer (GC), and colorectal cancer (CRC). In this review, we summarize the recent progress on ferroptosis and its interaction with gastrointestinal diseases. Understanding the role of ferroptosis in gastrointestinal disease pathogenesis could provide novel therapeutic targets for clinical treatment.
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Li J, Gao N, Gao Z, Liu W, Pang B, Dong X, Li Y, Fan T. The Emerging Role of Exosomes in Cancer Chemoresistance. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:737962. [PMID: 34778252 PMCID: PMC8581179 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.737962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is an impending challenge in cancer treatment. In recent years, exosomes, a subtype of extracellular vesicles with a diameter of 40-150 nm in bloodstream and other bio-fluids, have attracted increasing interest. Exosomes contain proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, which act as important signaling molecules. Many reports indicate that exosomes play critical roles in chemoresistance through intercellular interactions, including drug removal from cells, transfer of drug resistance phenotypes to other cancer cells, and the increase in plastic stem cell subsets. Exosomes can reflect the physiological and pathological state of parent cells. Owing to their elevated stability, specificity, and sensitivity, exosomes are served as biomarkers in liquid biopsies to monitor cancer chemoresistance, progression, and recurrence. This review summarizes the exosome-mediated mechanisms of cancer chemoresistance, as well as its role in reversing and monitoring chemoresistance. The scientific and technological challenges and future applications of exosomes are also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Na Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhengfan Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bairen Pang
- St George Hospital, St George and Sutherland Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Xingli Dong
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,St George Hospital, St George and Sutherland Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Tianli Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Valashedi MR, Najafi-Ghalehlou N, Nikoo A, Bamshad C, Tomita K, Kuwahara Y, Sato T, Roushandeh AM, Roudkenar MH. Cashing in on ferroptosis against tumor cells: Usher in the next chapter. Life Sci 2021; 285:119958. [PMID: 34534562 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a new type of non-apoptotic regulated cell death (RCD) driven by unrestricted lethal lipid peroxidation, which is totally distinct from other forms of RCD in genetic and biochemical characteristics. It is generally believed that iron dependency, malfunction of the redox system, and excessive lipid peroxidation are the main hallmarks of ferroptosis. Accumulating pieces of evidence over the past few years have shown that ferroptosis is tightly related to various types of diseases, especially cancers. Ferroptosis has recently attracted great attention in the field of cancer research. A plethora of evidence shows that employing ferroptosis as a powerful weapon can remarkably enhance the efficacy of tumor cell annihilation. Better knowledge of the ferroptosis mechanisms and their interplay with cancer biology would enable us to use this fashionable tool in the best way. Herein, we will briefly present the relevant mechanisms of ferroptosis, the multifaceted relation between ferroptosis and cancer, encompassing tumor immunity, overcoming chemoresistance, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition. In the end, we will also briefly discuss the potential approaches to ferroptosis-based cancer therapy, such as using drugs and small molecules, nanoparticles, mitochondrial targeting, and photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Rabiee Valashedi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Nima Najafi-Ghalehlou
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amirsadegh Nikoo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Chia Bamshad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Kazuo Tomita
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kuwahara
- Division of Radiation Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Sato
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Amaneh Mohammadi Roushandeh
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Velayat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Mehryar Habibi Roudkenar
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Velayat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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Gu WJ, Shen YW, Zhang LJ, Zhang H, Nagle DG, Luan X, Liu SH. The multifaceted involvement of exosomes in tumor progression: Induction and inhibition. MedComm (Beijing) 2021; 2:297-314. [PMID: 34766148 PMCID: PMC8554660 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As key performers in intercellular communication, exosomes released by tumor cells play an important role in cancer development, including angiogenesis, cancer‐associated fibroblasts activation, epithelial‐mesenchymal transformation (EMT), immune escape, and pre‐metastatic niche formation. Meanwhile, other cells in tumor microenvironment (TME) can secrete exosomes and facilitate tumor progression. Elucidating mechanisms regarding these processes may offer perspectives for exosome‐based antitumor strategies. In this review, we mainly introduce the versatile roles of tumor or stromal cell derived exosomes in cancer development, with a particular focus on the biological capabilities and functionalities of their diverse contents, such as miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs. The potential clinical application of exosomes as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and prognosis is also discussed. Finally, the current antitumor strategies based on exosomes in immunotherapy and targeted delivery for chemotherapeutic or biological agents are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jie Gu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Yi-Wen Shen
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Li-Jun Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Dale G Nagle
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China.,Department of BioMolecular Sciences and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Pharmacy University of Mississippi University Mississippi USA
| | - Xin Luan
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - San-Hong Liu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
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467
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Wei J, Zeng Y, Gao X, Liu T. A novel ferroptosis-related lncRNA signature for prognosis prediction in gastric cancer. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:1221. [PMID: 34774009 PMCID: PMC8590758 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08975-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignant cancer with a poor prognosis. Ferroptosis has been shown to play crucial roles in GC development. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is also associated with tumor progression in GC. This study aimed to screen the prognostic ferroptosis-related lncRNAs and to construct a prognostic risk model for GC. Methods Ferroptosis-related lncRNAs from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) GC expression data was downloaded. First, single factor Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to select seven prognostic ferroptosis-related lncRNAs from TCGA database. And then, the selected lncRNAs were further included in the multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis to establish the prognostic model. A nomogram was constructed to predict individual survival probability. Finally, we performed quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to verify the risk model. Results We constructed a prognostic ferroptosis-related lncRNA signature in this study. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis revealed a significantly better prognosis for the low-risk group than for the high-risk group (P = 2.036e-05). Multivariate Cox proportional risk regression analysis demonstrated that risk score was an independent prognostic factor [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.798, 95% confidence interval (CI) =1.410–2.291, P < 0.001]. A nomogram, receiver operating characteristic curve, and principal component analysis were used to predict individual prognosis. Finally, the expression levels of AP003392.1, AC245041.2, AP001271.1, and BOLA3-AS1 in GC cell lines and normal cell lines were tested by qRT-PCR. Conclusions This risk model was shown to be a novel method for predicting prognosis for GC patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08975-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ye Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xibo Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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Comprehensive Analysis of Ferroptosis-Related Markers for the Clinical and Biological Value in Gastric Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:7007933. [PMID: 34745421 PMCID: PMC8566081 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7007933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a highly malignant tumor with poor survival rate. Ferroptosis, a newly defined regulated cell death, is closely related to several tumors. Introduction of ferroptosis is promising for cancer treatments. However, the predictive role of ferroptosis in GC remains elusive. In this study, we screened the ferroptosis-related genes which were differentially expressed between normal and GC tissues. Then, based on these differentially expressed genes (DEGs), the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate Cox regressions were applied to construct the 10-gene prognostic signature (SP1, MYB, ALDH3A2, KEAP1, AIFM2, ITGB4, TGFBR1, MAP1LC3B, NOX4, and ZFP36) in TCGA training dataset. Based on the median risk score, all GC patients in TCGA training dataset and GSE84437 testing dataset were classified into a high- or low-risk group. GC patients in the low-risk group showed significantly higher survival possibilities than those in the high-risk group (P < 0.001). Combined with the clinical characteristics, the risk score was proven as an independent factor for predicting the OS of GC patients. Besides, the GC patients in the high- or low-risk group showed significantly different GO and KEGG functional enrichments, somatic mutation, fractions of immune cells, and immunotherapy response. Then, the expression levels of these genes in signature were further verified in the GC cell lines and our own GC samples (30-paired tumor/normal tissues). Furthermore, the effects of ferroptosis inducer Erastin on these 10 ferroptosis-related genes in GC cell lines were also explored in our study. In conclusion, our study constructed a prognostic signature of 10 ferroptosis-related genes, which could well predict the prognosis and immunotherapy for GC patients.
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469
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Lu L, Fang S, Zhang Y, Jin L, Xu W, Liang Z. Exosomes and Exosomal circRNAs: The Rising Stars in the Progression, Diagnosis and Prognosis of Gastric Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:8121-8129. [PMID: 34737640 PMCID: PMC8558314 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s331221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignant tumor affecting human health, with occult onset and poor prognosis. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by almost all cells, which can reflect the state of source cells or tissues. It is reported that exosomes are involved in almost all processes of GC. Exosomes provided a window to understand changes in cell or tissue states by carrying active components such as circular RNAs (circRNAs). CircRNAs are a naturally occurring class of endogenous noncoding RNAs and abnormal expression during the occurrence and development of GC. Exosomal circRNAs are those circRNAs stably existing in exosomes and having high clinical values as novel potential diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers of GC, which have the characteristics of abnormal expression, tissue specificity and development stage specificity. Herein, we briefly summarize the functions and roles and the current research progress of exosomes and exosomal circRNAs in GC with a focus on the potential application for GC progression, diagnosis and prognosis. We also prospected the clinical application of exosomes and exosomal circRNAs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lu
- Child Healthcare Department, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shikun Fang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Longtao Jin
- Child Healthcare Department, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenrong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaofeng Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, People's Republic of China
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Development and validation of ferroptosis-related lncRNAs prognosis signatures in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:591. [PMID: 34736453 PMCID: PMC8567554 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02284-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ferroptosis is a recently recognised new type of cell death which may be a potential target for cancer therapy. In the present study, we aimed to screen ferroptosis-related differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs as biomarkers to predict the outcome of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma. Methods RNAseq count data and corresponding clinical information were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas database. Lists of ferroptosis-related genes and long non-coding RNAs were obtained from the FerrDb and GENCODE databases, respectively. The candidate prognostic signatures were screened by Cox regression analyses and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analyses. Results Three ferroptosis-related long non-coding RNAs (DUXAP8, LINC02609, and LUCAT1) were significantly correlated with the overall survival of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma independently. Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma patients with high-risk values displayed worse OS. Meanwhile, the expression of these three ferroptosis-related long non-coding RNAs and their risk scores were significantly correlated with clinicopathological features. Principal component analyses showed that patients with kidney renal clear cell carcinoma have differential risk values were well distinguished by the three ferroptosis-related long non-coding RNAs. Conclusions The present study suggests that the risk assessment model constructed by these three ferroptosis-related long non-coding RNAs could accurately predict the outcome of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma. We also provide a novel perspective for cancer prognosis screening. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-02284-1.
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Engineered exosome-like nanovesicles suppress tumor growth by reprogramming tumor microenvironment and promoting tumor ferroptosis. Acta Biomater 2021; 135:567-581. [PMID: 34506976 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Tumor vaccines that induce effective and sustained antitumor immunity are highly promising for cancer therapy. However, the antitumor potential of these vaccines is weakened due to the immunosuppressive characteristics of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant stromal cells within the TME; they play an important role in tumor growth, metastasis, immunosuppression, and drug resistance. Fibroblast activation protein-α (FAP) is overexpressed in CAFs in more than 90% of human tumor tissues. Further, FAP+CAFs are an ideal interstitial target for the immunotherapy of solid tumors. Exosomes derived from tumor cells contain many tumor antigens, which can be used as the basis of tumor vaccines that elicit strong antitumor immunity. Almost all exosome-based cancer vaccines have been designed and developed for tumor parenchymal cells. Moreover, the exosome production is very low and the purification is very difficult, limiting their clinical application as tumor vaccines. In this study, we developed FAP gene-engineered tumor cell-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (eNVs-FAP) as a tumor vaccine that can be prepared easily and in large quantities. The eNVs-FAP vaccine inhibited tumor growth by inducing strong and specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) immune responses against tumor cells and FAP+CAFs and reprogramming the immunosuppressive TME in the colon, melanoma, lung, and breast cancer models. Moreover, eNVs-FAP vaccine-activated cellular immune responses could promote tumor ferroptosis by releasing interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) from CTLs and depleting FAP+CAFs. Thus, eNVs-FAP is a candidate tumor vaccine targeting both the tumor parenchyma and the stroma. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Nanovaccines can activate immune cells and promote an antitumor immune response. In this study, we developed the fibroblast activation protein-α (FAP) gene-engineered tumor cell-derived exosome-like vesicle vaccines (eNVs-FAP). A large number of eNVs-FAP were obtained by continuously squeezing FAP gene-engineered tumor cells. eNVs-FAP showed excellent antitumor effects in a variety of tumor-bearing mouse models. The mechanistic analysis showed that eNVs-FAP promoted the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs), increased the infiltration of effector T cells into target tumor cells and FAP-positive cancer-associated fibroblasts (FAP+CAFs), and reduced the proportion of immunosuppressive cells, including M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (M2-TAMs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and regulatory T cells (Tregs), in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Moreover, the clearance of FAP+CAFs helped enhance interferon-gamma-induced tumor cell ferroptosis.
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Guo Z, Guo A, Zhou C. Breast Cancer Stem Cell-Derived ANXA6-Containing Exosomes Sustain Paclitaxel Resistance and Cancer Aggressiveness in Breast Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:718721. [PMID: 34676207 PMCID: PMC8523856 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.718721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Continuous chemotherapy pressure-elicited annexin-A6 (ANXA6)-containing exosome (ANXA6-exo) secretion contributes to paclitaxel (PTX) resistance in breast cancer (BC), but the molecular mechanisms are not fully elucidated. The present study managed to investigate this issue and found that ANXA6-exo promoted PTX resistance and cancer progression in BC cells in a Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1)-dependent manner. Specifically, the parental PTX-sensitive BC (PS-BC) cells were exposed to continuous low-dose PTX to generate PTX-resistant BC (PR-BC) cells, and we found that BC stem cells tended to be enriched in the descendent PR-BC cells in contrast with the PS-BC cells. In addition, PR-BC cell-derived exosomes were featured with highly expressed ANXA6, and ANXA6-exo delivered ANXA6 to promote cell migration, growth, autophagy, and stemness in PS-BC cells. Interestingly, ANXA6-exo increased PTX resistance in PS-BC cells via inducing autophagy, and the effects of ANXA6-exo on PTX resistance in PS-BC cells were abrogated by co-treating cells with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms were uncovered, and we evidenced that ANXA6-exo up-regulated YAP1 to promote Hippo pathway dysregulation, and the promoting effects of ANXA6-exo on PTX resistance and cancer aggressiveness in BC cells were abrogated by silencing YAP1. Taken together, this study firstly elucidated the underlying mechanisms by which BCSC-derived ANXA6-exo facilitated BC progression and PTX resistance, which might help to develop novel treatment strategies for BC in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihe Guo
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ayao Guo
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chuang Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The AnsSteel Group Hospital, Anshan, China
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473
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Zou HX, Qiu BQ, Lai SQ, Zhou XL, Gong CW, Wang LJ, Yuan MM, He AD, Liu JC, Huang H. Iron Metabolism and Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: New Insights from Bioinformatic Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5669412. [PMID: 34722766 PMCID: PMC8556088 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5669412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) is a rare vascular disease with a poor prognosis, and the mechanism of its development remains unclear. Further molecular pathology studies may contribute to a comprehensive understanding of IPAH and provide new insights into diagnostic markers and potential therapeutic targets. Iron deficiency has been reported in 43-63% of patients with IPAH and is associated with reduced exercise capacity and higher mortality, suggesting that dysregulated iron metabolism may play an unrecognized role in influencing the development of IPAH. In this study, we explored the regulatory mechanisms of iron metabolism in IPAH by bioinformatic analysis. The molecular function of iron metabolism-related genes (IMRGs) is mainly enriched in active transmembrane transporter activity, and they mainly affect the biological process of response to oxidative stress. Ferroptosis and fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis pathways may be the critical pathways regulating iron metabolism in IPAH. We further identified 7 key genes (BCL2, GCLM, MSMO1, SLC7A11, SRXN1, TSPAN5, and TXNRD1) and 5 of the key genes (BCL2, MSMO1, SLC7A11, TSPAN5, and TXNRD1) as target genes may be regulated by 6 dysregulated miRNAs (miR-483-5p, miR-27a-3p, miR-27b-3p, miR-26b-5p, miR-199a-5p, and miR-23b-3p) in IPAH. In addition, we predicted potential IPAH drugs-celastrol and cinnamaldehyde-that target iron metabolism based on our results. These results provide insights for further definition of the role of dysregulated iron metabolism in IPAH and contribute to a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets of IPAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Xi Zou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Bai-Quan Qiu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Song-Qing Lai
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xue-Liang Zhou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Cheng-Wu Gong
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Li-Jun Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Ming-Ming Yuan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - An-Di He
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Ji-Chun Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Huang Huang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
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474
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Zhou Y, Li K, Zou X, Hua Z, Wang H, Bian W, Wang H, Chen F, Dai T. LncRNA DHRS4-AS1 ameliorates hepatocellular carcinoma by suppressing proliferation and promoting apoptosis via miR-522-3p/SOCS5 axis. Bioengineered 2021; 12:10862-10877. [PMID: 34666613 PMCID: PMC8809963 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1994719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent years have seen much effect in revealing the pathological association between lncRNA and HCC. Herein, we identified lncRNA DHRS4-AS1 as a potential tumor suppressor in HCC. Firstly, it was discovered that DHRS4-AS1 was significantly down-regulated in HCC tissues compared to normal tissues based on the database TCGA. It was also detected in a lower-than-usual expression quantity in HCC tissues we collected and HCC cell lines. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that high expression of DHRS4-AS1 contributed to higher overall survival rate of HCC patients.DHRS4-AS1 expression was significantly correlated to tumor size (P = 0.02) and TNM stage (P = 0.045). CCK-8, BrdU and colony-forming assays collectively demonstrated that overexpression of DHRS4-AS1 significantly restrained HCC cell proliferation. In vivo xenograft animal experiment showed that DHRS4-AS1 could efficiently preclude the tumor growth of HCC. Further investigation performed using flow cytometry and western blot showed that DHRS4-AS1 exerted its effects by accelerating cell apoptosis and capturing cell cycle in G0/G1 phase. Our study subsequently lucubrated that miR-522-3p was a negative target of DHRS4-AS1. Increased expression level of miR-522-3p was examined in HCC tissues and cell lines. Similarly, miR-522-3p mimics could reverse the inhibitory effect on HCC brought by DHRS4-AS1. SOCS5 was then discovered as a down-stream target of miR-522-3p, which suggested that SOCS5 participated in DHRS4-AS1/miR-522-3p axis to collectively mediate the development of HCC. Our study provides lncRNA DHRS4-AS1/miR-522-3p/SOCS5 axis as a novel target for HCC therapeutic strategy with potentiality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongping Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary, Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital, Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kuan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuexia Zou
- Department of Operation Room, Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital, Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiyuan Hua
- Department of Hepatobiliary, Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital, Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary, Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital, Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wuyang Bian
- Department of Hepatobiliary, Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital, Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary, Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital, Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fangming Chen
- Department of Imagine, Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital, Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tu Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary, Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital, Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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475
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Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Functions as a Road-Block in Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205246. [PMID: 34680395 PMCID: PMC8534063 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary An overwhelming percentage of deaths in solid tumors are caused by treatment failure due to the disease’s unresponsiveness when tumor cells tolerate treatment. Aggressive cancer contains tumors cells that are surrounded by many other non-tumor cells, including fibroblasts cells. These fibroblasts near tumor cells are converted by the tumor cells into specialized fibroblasts called cancer-associated fibroblasts that favor the growth of tumors. This review examines how cancer-associated fibroblasts interact with tumor cells, immune cells, and endothelial cells in aiding and abetting the development of resistance to different types of cancer therapy. As cancer-associated fibroblasts’ function blocks the road to recovery, we need to neutralize their function for the clinical management of the disease to be successful. The knowledge about the role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in resisting therapy is fundamental to design an appropriate remedy to counteract drug resistance and improve the outcome of the disease. Abstract The journey of a normal resident fibroblast belonging to the tumor microenvironment (TME) from being a tumor pacifier to a tumor patron is fascinating. We introduce cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) as a crucial component of the TME. Activated-CAF partners with tumor cells and all components of TME in an established solid tumor. We briefly overview the origin, activation, markers, and overall functions of CAF with a particular reference to how different functions of CAF in an established tumor are functionally connected to the development of resistance to cancer therapy in solid tumors. We interrogate the role of CAF in mediating resistance to different modes of therapies. Functional diversity of CAF in orchestrating treatment resistance in solid tumors portrays CAF as a common orchestrator of treatment resistance; a roadblock in cancer therapy
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476
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Hu J, Zhang L, Chen W, Shen L, Jiang J, Sun S, Chen Z. Role of Intra- and Extracellular Lipid Signals in Cancer Stemness and Potential Therapeutic Strategy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:730751. [PMID: 34603046 PMCID: PMC8479196 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.730751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence showed that cancer stem cells (CSCs) play significant roles in cancer initiation, resistance to therapy, recurrence and metastasis. Cancer stem cells possess the ability of self-renewal and can initiate tumor growth and avoid lethal factors through flexible metabolic reprogramming. Abnormal lipid metabolism has been reported to be involved in the cancer stemness and promote the development of cancer. Lipid metabolism includes lipid uptake, lipolysis, fatty acid oxidation, de novo lipogenesis, and lipid desaturation. Abnormal lipid metabolism leads to ferroptosis of CSCs. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the role of intra- and extracellular lipid signals in cancer stemness, and explored the feasibility of using lipid metabolism-related treatment strategies for future cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Hu
- Department of Breast Surgery (Surgical Oncology), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leyi Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery (Surgical Oncology), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wuzhen Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery (Surgical Oncology), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lesang Shen
- Department of Breast Surgery (Surgical Oncology), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingxin Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery (Surgical Oncology), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery (Surgical Oncology), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery (Surgical Oncology), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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477
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Emerging role of ferroptosis in breast cancer: New dawn for overcoming tumor progression. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 232:107992. [PMID: 34606782 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer has become a serious threat to women's health. Cancer progression is mainly derived from resistance to apoptosis induced by procedures or therapies. Therefore, new drugs or models that can overcome apoptosis resistance should be identified. Ferroptosis is a recently identified mode of cell death characterized by excess reactive oxygen species-induced lipid peroxidation. Since ferroptosis is distinct from apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy, its induction successfully eliminates cancer cells that are resistant to other modes of cell death. Therefore, ferroptosis may become a new direction around which to design breast cancer treatment. Unfortunately, the complete appearance of ferroptosis in breast cancer has not yet been fully elucidated. Furthermore, whether ferroptosis inducers can be used in combination with traditional anti- breast cancer drugs is still unknown. Moreover, a summary of ferroptosis in breast cancer progression and therapy is currently not available. In this review, we discuss the roles of ferroptosis-associated modulators glutathione, glutathione peroxidase 4, iron, nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor-2, superoxide dismutases, lipoxygenase and coenzyme Q in breast cancer. Furthermore, we provide evidence that traditional drugs against breast cancer induce ferroptosis, and that ferroptosis inducers eliminate breast cancer cells. Finally, we put forward prospect of using ferroptosis inducers in breast cancer therapy, and predict possible obstacles and corresponding solutions. This review will deepen our understanding of the relationship between ferroptosis and breast cancer, and provide new insights into breast cancer-related therapeutic strategies.
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478
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Wu S, Li T, Liu W, Huang Y. Ferroptosis and Cancer: Complex Relationship and Potential Application of Exosomes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:733751. [PMID: 34568341 PMCID: PMC8455874 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.733751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death induction has become popular as a novel cancer treatment. Ferroptosis, a newly discovered form of cell death, features regulated, iron-dependent accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides. Since this word “ferroptosis” was coined, numerous studies have examined the complex relationship between ferroptosis and cancer. Here, starting from the intrinsic hallmarks of cancer and cell death, we discuss the theoretical basis of cell death induction as a cancer treatment. We review various aspects of the relationship between ferroptosis and cancer, including the genetic basis, epigenetic modification, cancer stem cells, and the tumor microenvironment, to provide information and support for further research on ferroptosis. We also note that exosomes can be applied in ferroptosis-based therapy. These extracellular vesicles can deliver different molecules to modulate cancer cells and cell death pathways. Using exosomes to control ferroptosis occurring in targeted cells is promising for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianye Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, China
| | - Yongye Huang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
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479
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Tang R, Wu Z, Rong Z, Xu J, Wang W, Zhang B, Yu X, Shi S. Ferroptosis-related lncRNA pairs to predict the clinical outcome and molecular characteristics of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Brief Bioinform 2021; 23:6374064. [PMID: 34553745 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbab388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death initiated by oxidative perturbations that can be blocked by iron chelators and lipophilic antioxidants, and ferroptosis may be the silver bullet treatment for multiple cancers, including immunotherapy- and chemotherapy-insensitive cancers such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Numerous studies have noted that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate the biological behaviour of cancer cells by binding to DNA, RNA and protein. However, few studies have reported the role of lncRNAs in ferroptosis processes and the function of ferroptosis-associated lncRNAs. The primary objective of the present study was to identify ferroptosis-related lncRNAs using bioinformatic approaches combined with experimental validation. The second objective was to construct a prognostic model to predict the overall survival of patients with PDAC. The present study identified ferroptosis-related lncRNAs using a bioinformatic approach and validated them in an independent pancreatic cancer cohort from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center. The lncRNA SLCO4A1-AS1 was identified as a novel molecule mediating ferroptosis resistance in vitro. A novel algorithm was used to construct a '0 or 1' matrix-based prognosis model, which showed promising diagnostic accuracy for potential clinical translation (area under the curve = 0.89 for the 2-year survival rate). Notably, molecular subtypes classified by the risk scores of the model did not belong to any previously reported subtypes of PDAC. The immune microenvironment, metabolic activities, mutation landscape and ferroptosis sensitivity were significantly distinct between patients with different risk scores. Sensitivity (IC50) to 30 common anticancer drugs was analysed between patients with different risks, and imatinib and axitinib were found to be potential drugs for the treatment of patients with lower risk scores. Overall, we developed an accurate prognostic model based on the expression patterns of ferroptosis lncRNAs, which may contribute greatly to the evaluation of patient prognosis, molecular characteristics and treatment modalities and could be further translated into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Tang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zijian Wu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeyin Rong
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Si Shi
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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480
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Khan AQ, Rashid K, AlAmodi AA, Agha MV, Akhtar S, Hakeem I, Raza SS, Uddin S. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer pathogenesis and therapy: An update on the role of ROS in anticancer action of benzophenanthridine alkaloids. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112142. [PMID: 34536761 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species play crucial role in biological homeostasis and pathogenesis of human diseases including cancer. In this line, now it has become evident that ROS level/concentration is a major factor in the growth, progression and stemness of cancer cells. Moreover, cancer cells maintain a delicate balance between ROS and antioxidants to promote pathogenesis and clinical challenges via targeting a battery of signaling pathways converging to cancer hallmarks. Recent findings also entail the therapeutic importance of ROS for the better clinical outcomes in cancer patients as they induce apoptosis and autophagy. Moreover, poor clinical outcomes associated with cancer therapies are the major challenge and use of natural products have been vital in attenuation of these challenges due to their multitargeting potential with less adverse effects. In fact, most available drugs are derived from natural resources, either directly or indirectly and available evidence show the clinical importance of natural products in the management of various diseases, including cancer. ROS play a critical role in the anticancer actions of natural products, particularly phytochemicals. Benzophenanthridine alkaloids of the benzyl isoquinoline family of alkaloids, such as sanguinarine, possess several pharmacological properties and are thus being studied for the treatment of different human diseases, including cancer. In this article, we review recent findings, on how benzophenanthridine alkaloid-induced ROS play a critical role in the attenuation of pathological changes and stemness features associated with human cancers. In addition, we highlight the role of ROS in benzophenanthridine alkaloid-mediated activation of the signaling pathway associated with cancer cell apoptosis and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Q Khan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khalid Rashid
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Maha Victor Agha
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sabah Akhtar
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ishrat Hakeem
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Syed Shadab Raza
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Era University, Lucknow, India
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
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481
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Identification of the Ferroptosis-Associated Gene Signature to Predict the Prognostic Status of Endometrial Carcinoma Patients. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9954370. [PMID: 34531924 PMCID: PMC8440105 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9954370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is one of the most common gynecological carcinomas. As previously described, ferroptosis was reported to exhibit a significant association with the development of malignant neoplasms. Nevertheless, there are few studies towards the association between the implication of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) and the prognostic status of patients with EC. Our study demonstrated that ferroptosis-related genes were evidently differently expressed in EC. Further analysis showed that SLC7A11, SAT1, CDKN1A, and TP5MC3 expression was linked to the low stage, grade of pTNM, and longer survival time. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that these ferroptosis-related regulators played a crucial role in EC by modulating multiple biological processes, such as cell cycle, citrate cycle (TCA cycle), metabolism-related pathways, ERK activation, p53 signaling pathway, cellular senescence, TAp63 pathway, and Notch signaling pathway. Of note, our results showed that ATP5MC3, CDKN1A, and SLC7A11 expression was dramatically positively related with the tumor mutational burden (TMB) score in EC. However, we did not observe a significant correlation between SAT1 and the TMB score in EC. These findings for the first time demonstrated that ferroptosis was displayed crucially in EC progression. We speculated that our findings offered novel targets and strategies for personalized treatment.
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482
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Wang J, Liu R, Mo H, Xiao X, Xu Q, Zhao W. Deubiquitinase PSMD7 promotes the proliferation, invasion, and cisplatin resistance of gastric cancer cells by stabilizing RAD23B. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:3331-3342. [PMID: 34512150 PMCID: PMC8416741 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.61128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination, a crucial post-translational modification, controls substrate degradation and can be reversed by deubiquitinases (DUBs). An increasing number of studies are showing that DUBs regulate the malignant behavior and chemotherapy resistance of gastric cancer (GC) by stabilizing various proteins. However, the expression level and biological function of the DUB, proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 7 (PSMD7), in GC remains unknown. Herein, we report for the first time that PSMD7 is frequently overexpressed in GC tissues. Elevated levels of PSMD7 were also detected in GC cell lines. Notably, the upregulation of PSMD7 closely correlated with malignant clinical parameters and reduced the survival of GC patients. Functionally, we found that PSMD7 knockdown consistently suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of AGS and SGC-7901 cells. Ectopic expression of PSMD7 facilitated GC cell proliferation and mobility. Based on protein-protein interaction prediction, RAD23 homolog B (RAD23B) protein was identified as a candidate substrate of PSMD7. PSMD7 positively regulated the abundance of RAD23B and xeroderma pigmentosum, complementation group C (XPC) protein in GC cells. The interaction between PSMD7 and RAD23B was confirmed using protein immunoprecipitation. PSMD7 knockdown enhanced the ubiquitination and degradation of RAD23B protein in GC cells. PSMD7 promoted cell viability, apoptosis resistance, and DNA damage repair in GC cells upon cisplatin (DDP) treatment. Moreover, PSMD7 silencing inhibited tumor growth and enhanced the sensitivity of GC cells to DDP treatment in mice. In summary, PSMD7 was highly expressed in GC and contributed to the malignant behavior and DDP resistance of tumor cells by stabilizing RAD23B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjiang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Hangzhou Lin'an District, Affiliated Lin'an People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 311399, China
| | - Runkun Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Huanye Mo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xuelian Xiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Qiuran Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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483
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miR-522 regulates cell proliferation, migration, invasion capacities and acts as a potential biomarker to predict prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer. Clin Exp Med 2021; 22:385-392. [PMID: 34518949 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-021-00757-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to explore the cell functions and prognostic significance of miR-522 in triple-negative breast cancer. The expression levels of miR-522 in triple-negative breast cancer tissues and cell lines were detected by quantitative real-time PCR analysis. Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox regression analysis were used to investigate the relationship between miR-522 expression and prognosis of patients, and to evaluate the possibility of miR-522 as a potential indicator for predicting the prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer. The CCK-8 and transwell assays were used to assess cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities. The expression of miR-522 in triple-negative breast cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues and its high expression was closely associated with the high incidence of lymph node metastasis, advanced TNM stage, and BRCA1/2 mutation status. High expression of miR-522 is correlated with poor overall survival in patients with triple-negative breast cancer. Besides, functional studies in two triple-negative breast cancer cell lines showed that overexpression of miR-522 significantly promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. BRCA1 was a potential direct target of miR-522. Our findings indicated that miR-522 was highly expressed in triple-negative breast cancer and was associated with poor prognosis of patients. The upregulation of miR-522 accelerated the progression of triple-negative breast cancer by targeting BRCA1. Therefore, miR-522 provides valuable information for the development of prevention and treatment strategies.
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484
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Lei T, Qian H, Lei P, Hu Y. Ferroptosis-related gene signature associates with immunity and predicts prognosis accurately in patients with osteosarcoma. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:4785-4798. [PMID: 34506683 PMCID: PMC8586685 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma has been the most common malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents, while the 5‐y survival of osteosarcoma patients gained no significant improvement over the past decades. This study aimed to explore the role of ferroptosis‐related genes (FRGs) in the development and prognosis of osteosarcoma. The datasets of osteosarcoma patients including RNA sequencing data and clinical information were acquired from the TRGET and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. The identification of molecular subgroups with different FRG expression patterns was achieved through nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) clustering. The prognostic model was constructed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm and multivariate Cox regression analysis. The ESTIMATE algorithm was applied for determining the stromal score, immune score, ESTIMA score, and tumor purity of osteosarcoma patients. Functional analyses including Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), and Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) were conducted to explore the underlying mechanisms in the development and prognosis of osteosarcoma. Two molecular subgroups with different FRGs expression patterns were identified. The molecular subgroups with higher immune score and more active immune status showed better prognostic survival. On the basis of FRGs, a prognostic model and a nomogram integrating clinical characteristics were constructed and their prediction efficiency for osteosarcoma prognosis were well validated. Gene functional enrichment analysis showed that these differentially expressed FRGs were mainly enriched in immunity‐related signaling pathways, indicating that FRGs may affect the development and prognosis of osteosarcoma by regulating the immune microenvironment. The expression profiles of FRGs were closely related to the immunity status and prognostic survival of osteosarcoma patients. The interaction between ferroptosis and immunity in the development of osteosarcoma could provide a new insight into the exploration of molecular mechanisms and targeted therapies of osteosarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Lei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hu Qian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pengfei Lei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yihe Hu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
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485
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Cao B, Deng H, Cui H, Zhao R, Li H, Wei B, Chen L. Knockdown of PGM1 enhances anticancer effects of orlistat in gastric cancer under glucose deprivation. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:481. [PMID: 34507580 PMCID: PMC8434706 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02193-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Phosphoglucomutase 1 (PGM1) acts as an important regulator in glucose metabolism. However, the role of PGM1 in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the role of PGM1 and develop novel regimens based on metabolic reprogramming in GC. Methods Correlation and enrichment analyses of PGM1 were conducted based on The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Data derived from the Kaplan–Meier Plotter database were analyzed to evaluate correlations between PGM1 expression and survival time of GC patients. Cell counting kit-8, 5-Ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine, flow cytometry assays, generation of subcutaneous tumor and lung metastasis mouse models were used to determine growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Cell glycolysis was detected by a battery of glycolytic indicators, including lactate, pyruvic acid, ATP production and glucose uptake. Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN) activity and expression levels of lipid enzymes were determined to reflect on lipid metabolism. Results Correlation and enrichment analyses suggested that PGM1 was closely associated with cell viability, proliferation and metabolism. PGM1 was overexpressed in GC tissues and cell lines. High PGM1 expression served as an indicator of shorter survival for specific subpopulation of GC patients. It was also correlated with pathological tumor stage and pathological tumor node metastasis stage of GC. Under the glucose deprivation condition, knockdown of PGM1 significantly suppressed cell viability, proliferation and glycolysis, whereas lipid metabolism was enhanced. Orlistat, as a drug that was designed to inhibit FASN activity, effectively induced apoptosis and suppressed lipid metabolism in GC. However, orlistat conversely increased glycolytic levels. Orlistat exhibited more significant inhibitive effects on GC progression after knockdown of PGM1 under glucose deprivation due to combination of glycolysis and lipid metabolism both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions Downregulation of PGM1 expression under glucose deprivation enhanced anti-cancer effects of orlistat. This combination application may serve as a novel strategy for GC treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-02193-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Cao
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Huan Deng
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Hao Cui
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ruiyang Zhao
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Hanghang Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Bo Wei
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China. .,Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Lin Chen
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China. .,Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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486
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Dong S, Li X, Jiang W, Chen Z, Zhou W. Current understanding of ferroptosis in the progression and treatment of pancreatic cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:480. [PMID: 34503532 PMCID: PMC8427874 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02166-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant tumour of the digestive tract. Despite advances in treatment, its 5-year survival rate remains low, and its prognosis is the worst among all cancers; innovative therapeutic methods are needed. Ferroptosis is a form of regulatory cell death driven by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Recent studies have found that ferroptosis plays an important role in the development and treatment response of tumours, particularly pancreatic cancer. This article reviews the current understanding of the mechanism of ferroptosis and ferroptosis-related treatment in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Dong
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenkai Jiang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhou Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wence Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, 730000, China.
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487
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Shi F, Zhang L, Liu X, Wang Y. Knock-down of microRNA miR-556-5p increases cisplatin-sensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) via activating NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)-mediated pyroptotic cell death. Bioengineered 2021; 12:6332-6342. [PMID: 34488537 PMCID: PMC8806686 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1971502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that are closely associated with cancer progression and drug resistance, however, up until now, the involvement of miR-556-5p in regulating cisplatin-sensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been studied. In the present study, we found that miR-556-5p was significantly upregulated in the cisplatin-resistant NSCLC (CR-NSCLC) patients’ tissues and cells, instead of the corresponding cisplatin-sensitive NSCLC (CS-NSCLC) tissues and cells. Further experiments validated that knock-down of miR-556-5p suppressed cell viability and tumorigenesis, and induced cell apoptosis in the cisplatin-treated CR-NSCLC cells, and conversely, upregulation of miR-556-5p increased cisplatin-resistance in CS-NSCLC cells. Interestingly, miR-556-5p ablation triggered pyroptotic cell death in cisplatin-treated CR-NSCLC cells via upregulating NLRP3, and the promoting effects of miR-556-5p silence on cisplatin-sensitivity in CR-NSCLC cells were abrogated by both cell pyroptosis inhibitor NSA and NLRP3 downregulation. Taken together, this study firstly evidenced that induction of NLRP3-mediated cell pyroptosis by miR-556-5p downregulation was effective to increase cisplatin-sensitivity in NSCLC, which provided new therapy strategies to overcome chemo-resistance for NSCLC patients in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Luquan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
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488
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Sun W, Shi R, Guo J, Wang H, Shen L, Shi H, Yu P, Chen X. miR-135b-3p Promotes Cardiomyocyte Ferroptosis by Targeting GPX4 and Aggravates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:663832. [PMID: 34485394 PMCID: PMC8414249 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.663832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of cell death induced by excess iron and accumulation of reactive oxygen species in cells. Recently, ferroptosis has been reported to be associated with cancer and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in multiple organs. However, the regulatory effects and underlying mechanisms of myocardial I/R injury are not well-understood. The role of miR-135b-3p as an oncogene that accelerates tumor development has been confirmed; however, its role in myocardial I/R is not fully understood. In this study, we established an in vivo myocardial I/R rat model and an in vitro hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced H9C2 cardiomyocyte injury model and observed that ferroptosis occurred in tissues and cells during I/R myocardial injury. We used database analysis to find miR-135b-3p and validated its inhibitory effect on the ferroptosis-related gene glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4), using a luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, miR-135b-3p was found to promote the myocardial I/R injury by downregulating GPX4 expression. The results of this study elucidate a novel function of miR-135b-3p in exacerbating cardiomyocyte ferroptosis, providing a new therapeutic target for improving I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixin Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Yancheng TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Yancheng, China.,Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruijie Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Le Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Haibo Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Cardiology, Liyang City Hospital of TCM, Changzhou, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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489
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Akshatha C, Bhat S, Sindhu R, Shashank D, Rose Sommano S, Tapingkae W, Cheewangkoon R, Prasad SK. Current therapeutic options for gastric adenocarcinoma. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5371-5378. [PMID: 34466117 PMCID: PMC8381031 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer inflicts significant health issues globally despite its declining incidence. The disease is known to be diagnosed at its advanced stages also corresponding with a poor prognosis for patients. The integral therapeutic choices to cure advanced gastric cancer have progressed swiftly in modern days. The preface of molecularly targeted therapeutic techniques would potentiate the personalized approach depending on patient-specific and tumor-specific features, exasperating the advantages of chemotherapy. Here we have reviewed the modern therapeutics such as immune therapy, chemotherapy, m-RNA based therapeutics, alongside evaluating the influence of age, sex and comorbidities-like factors on the occurrence of gastric cancer. Gastric cancer therapy consolidated target agents comprising inhibitors of programmed death-1(PD-1), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), mRNA, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EPGF). A combination of trastuzumab to platinum-mediated chemotherapy evolved has a typical front-line therapy in advanced gastric cancer. An attempt has been made to epitomize the contemporary-modern research on targeted therapy for advanced gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- C.R. Akshatha
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Kerala, Kasargod, Kerala, India
| | - Smitha Bhat
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - R. Sindhu
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Dharini Shashank
- Department of Burns, Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Sarana Rose Sommano
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wanaporn Tapingkae
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon
- Entomology and Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
- Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Corresponding authors at: Entomology and Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Thailand (R. Cheewangkoon).
| | - Shashanka K. Prasad
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
- Corresponding authors at: Entomology and Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Thailand (R. Cheewangkoon).
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490
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Liu W, Zhou Y, Duan W, Song J, Wei S, Xia S, Wang Y, Du X, Li E, Ren C, Wang W, Zhan Q, Wang Q. Glutathione peroxidase 4-dependent glutathione high-consumption drives acquired platinum chemoresistance in lung cancer-derived brain metastasis. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e517. [PMID: 34586745 PMCID: PMC8473645 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platinum-based chemotherapy is effective in inducing shrinkage of primary lung cancer lesions; however, it shows finite therapeutic efficacy in patients suffering from brain metastasis (BM). The intrinsic changes of BM cells, which contribute to the poor results remain unknown. METHODS Platinum drug-sensitivity was assessed by utilizing a preclinical BM model of PC9 lung adenocarcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. High consumption of glutathione (GSH) and two associated upregulated proteins (GPX4 and GSTM1) in BM were identified by integrated metabolomics and proteomics in cell lines and verified by clinical serum sample. Gain-of-function and rescue experiments were implemented to reveal the impact and mechanism of GPX4 and GSTM1 on the chemosensitivity in BM. The interaction between GPX4 and GSTM1 was examined by immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation. The mechanism of upregulation of GPX4 was further uncovered by luciferase reporter assay, immunoprecipitation, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. RESULTS The derivative brain metastatic subpopulations (PC9-BrMs) of parental cells PC9 developed obvious resistance to platinum. Radically altered profiles of BM metabolism and protein expression compared with primary lung cancer cells were described and GPX4 and GSTM1 were identified as being responsible for the high consumption of GSH, leading to decreased chemosensitivity by negatively regulating ferroptosis. Besides, GSTM1 was found regulated by GPX4, which was transcriptionally activated by the Wnt/NR2F2 signaling axis in BM. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our findings demonstrated that Wnt/NR2F2/GPX4 promoted acquired chemoresistance by suppressing ferroptosis with high consumption of GSH. GPX4 inhibitor was found to augment the anticancer effect of platinum drugs in lung cancer BM, providing novel strategies for lung cancer patients with BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Liu
- Cancer Translational Medicine Research Center, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Lung Cancer, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wenzhe Duan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Song Wei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shengkai Xia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yingyan Wang
- Laboratory Center for Diagnostics, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaohui Du
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Lung Cancer, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Encheng Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Caixia Ren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Microelectronics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qimin Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Cancer Translational Medicine Research Center, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Lung Cancer, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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491
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Bu ZQ, Yu HY, Wang J, He X, Cui YR, Feng JC, Feng J. Emerging Role of Ferroptosis in the Pathogenesis of Ischemic Stroke: A New Therapeutic Target? ASN Neuro 2021; 13:17590914211037505. [PMID: 34463559 PMCID: PMC8424725 DOI: 10.1177/17590914211037505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the main causes of high morbidity, mortality, and disability
worldwide; however, the treatment methods are limited and do not always achieve
satisfactory results. The pathogenesis of ischemic stroke is complex, defined by multiple
mechanisms; among them, programmed death of neuronal cells plays a significant role.
Ferroptosis is a novel type of regulated cell death characterized by iron redistribution
or accumulation and increased lipid peroxidation in the membrane. Ferroptosis is
implicated in many pathological conditions, such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases,
and ischemia-reperfusion injury. In this review, we summarize current research findings on
ferroptosis, including possible molecular mechanisms and therapeutic applications of
ferroptosis regulators, with a focus on the involvement of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis
and treatment of ischemic stroke. Understanding the role of ferroptosis in ischemic stroke
will throw some light on the development of methods for diagnosis, treatment, and
prevention of this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Qi Bu
- Department of Neurology, 85024Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hai-Yang Yu
- Department of Neurology, 85024Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Neurology, 85024Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Neurology, 85024Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue-Ran Cui
- Department of Neurology, 85024Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia-Chun Feng
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, 117971The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Neurology, 85024Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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492
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Das Gupta A, Krawczynska N, Nelson ER. Extracellular Vesicles-The Next Frontier in Endocrinology. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6310412. [PMID: 34180968 PMCID: PMC8294678 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, are emerging as important carriers of signals in normal and pathological physiology. As EVs are a long-range communication or signaling modality-just like hormones are-the field of endocrinology is uniquely poised to offer insight into their functional biology and regulation. EVs are membrane-bound particles secreted by many different cell types and can have local or systemic effects, being transported in body fluids. They express transmembrane proteins, some of which are shared between EVs and some being specific to the tissue of origin, that can interact with target cells directly (much like hormones can). They also contain cargo within them that includes DNA, RNA, miRNA, and various metabolites. They can fuse with target cells to empty their cargo and alter their target cell physiology in this way also. Similar to the endocrine system, the EV system is likely to be under homeostatic control, making the regulation of their biogenesis and secretion important aspects to study. In this review, we briefly highlight select examples of how EVs are implicated in normal physiology and disease states. We also discuss what is known about their biogenesis and regulation of secretion. We hope that this paper inspires the endocrinology field to use our collective expertise to explore these new multimodal "hormones."
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Affiliation(s)
- Anasuya Das Gupta
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Natalia Krawczynska
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Erik R Nelson
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 61801, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Anticancer Discovery from Pets to People Theme, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Correspondence: Erik R. Nelson, Ph.D., University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. 407 S Goodwin Ave (MC-114), Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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493
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Xi L, Peng M, Liu S, Liu Y, Wan X, Hou Y, Qin Y, Yang L, Chen S, Zeng H, Teng Y, Cui X, Liu M. Hypoxia-stimulated ATM activation regulates autophagy-associated exosome release from cancer-associated fibroblasts to promote cancer cell invasion. J Extracell Vesicles 2021; 10:e12146. [PMID: 34545708 PMCID: PMC8452512 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) as a predominant cell component in the tumour microenvironment (TME) play an essential role in tumour progression. Our earlier studies revealed oxidized ATM activation in breast CAFs, which is independent of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Oxidized ATM has been found to serve as a redox sensor to maintain cellular redox homeostasis. However, whether and how oxidized ATM in breast CAFs regulates breast cancer progression remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that oxidized ATM phosphorylates BNIP3 to induce autophagosome accumulation and exosome release from hypoxic breast CAFs. Inhibition of oxidized ATM kinase by KU60019 (a small-molecule inhibitor of activated ATM) or shRNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous ATM or BNIP3 blocks autophagy and exosome release from hypoxic CAFs. We also show that oxidized ATM phosphorylates ATP6V1G1, a core proton pump in maintaining lysosomal acidification, leading to lysosomal dysfunction and autophagosome fusion with multi-vesicular bodies (MVB) but not lysosomes to facilitate exosome release. Furthermore, autophagy-associated GPR64 is enriched in hypoxic CAFs-derived exosomes, which stimulates the non-canonical NF-κB signalling to upregulate MMP9 and IL-8 in recipient breast cancer cells, enabling cancer cells to acquire enhanced invasive abilities. Collectively, these results provide novel insights into the role of stromal CAFs in promoting tumour progression and reveal a new function of oxidized ATM in regulating autophagy and exosome release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xi
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical DiagnosticsChinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Meixi Peng
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical DiagnosticsChinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Shuiqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical DiagnosticsChinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yongcan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical DiagnosticsChinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xueying Wan
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical DiagnosticsChinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yixuan Hou
- Experimental Teaching & Lab Management CenterChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yilu Qin
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical DiagnosticsChinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Liping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical DiagnosticsChinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Shanchun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical DiagnosticsChinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Huan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical DiagnosticsChinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yong Teng
- Department of Hematology and Medical OncologyWinship Cancer InstituteEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Xiaojiang Cui
- Department of SurgeryDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterSamuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer InstituteLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Manran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical DiagnosticsChinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
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494
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Wang J, Wang T, Zhang Y, Liu J, Song J, Han Y, Wang L, Yang S, Zhu L, Geng R, Li W, Yu X. CPEB1 enhances erastin-induced ferroptosis in gastric cancer cells by suppressing twist1 expression. IUBMB Life 2021; 73:1180-1190. [PMID: 34184391 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The induction of ferroptosis is considered a new strategy for cancer treatment. Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1 (CPEB1) is a post-transcriptional regulatory factor, whose low expression has been reported to link to the enhanced metastasis and angiogenesis of gastric cancer (GC). In this study, to explore the role of CPEB1 in ferroptosis, GC cells with overexpressed or silenced CPEB1 expression were treated with erastin, a classic ferroptosis inducer. The results showed that erastin dose-dependently decreased the viability of four GC cell lines (AGS, SNU-1, Hs-746 T, and HGC-27), suggesting that ferroptosis could be triggered in these GC cells. Interestingly, HGC-27 cells overexpressing CPEB1 were more sensitive to erastin, generated more lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and their glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) expression and GSH content were reduced. Contrarily, CPEB1-silenced AGS cells were more resistant to erastin. Mechanically, we demonstrated that CPEB1 overexpression reduced the expression of twist1, an inhibitor of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), thereby activating the ATF4/ChaC Glutathione Specific Gamma-Glutamylcyclotransferase 1 (CHAC1) pathway (CHAC1, a molecule known to induce GSH degradation). Furthermore, re-expression of twist1 in GC cells impaired the effects of CPEB1 overexpression in presence of erastin. Additionally, similar to the in vitro results, the growth-inhibiting effects of erastin on GC xenografted tumors were also augmented by CPEB1 overexpression in vivo. Collectively, we demonstrate that CPEB1 facilitates erastin-induced ferroptosis by inhibiting twist1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Laboratory of Morphology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jie Song
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanlong Han
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- Department of Electrical Diagnosis, Jilin Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Siping, Jilin, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Office of Academic Affairs, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- Department of Foreign Language, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Rui Geng
- Office of Student Affairs, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaoguang Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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495
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Wang X, Liu Z, Ma L, Yu H. Ferroptosis and its emerging role in tumor. BIOPHYSICS REPORTS 2021; 7:280-294. [PMID: 37287758 PMCID: PMC10233469 DOI: 10.52601/bpr.2021.210010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation accumulation. It is morphologically, biochemically, and genetically distinct from other known cell death, such as apoptosis, necrosis, and pyroptosis. Its regulatory mechanisms include iron metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, mitochondrial respiration, and antioxidative systems eliminating lipid peroxidation, such as glutathione synthesis, selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase 4, and ubiquinone. The disruption of cellular redox systems causes damage to the cellular membrane leading to ferroptotic cell death. Recent studies have shown that numerous pathological diseases, like tumors, neurodegenerative disorders, and ischemia-reperfusion injury are associated with ferroptosis. As such, pharmacological regulation of ferroptosis either by activation or by suppression will provide a vast potential for treatments of relevant diseases. This review will discuss the advanced progress in ferroptosis and its regulatory mechanisms from both the antioxidative and oxidative sides. In addition, the roles of ferroptosis in various tumorigenesis, development, and therapeutic strategies will be addressed, particularly to chemotherapy and immunotherapy, as well as the discoveries from Traditional Chinese Medicine. This review will lead us to have a comprehensive understanding of the future exploration of ferroptosis and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Wang
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Zicheng Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Lijuan Ma
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Haijie Yu
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
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496
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Helicobacter pylori-Induced Inflammation: Possible Factors Modulating the Risk of Gastric Cancer. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10091099. [PMID: 34578132 PMCID: PMC8467880 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10091099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation and long-term tissue injury are related to many malignancies, including gastric cancer (GC). Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), classified as a class I carcinogen, induces chronic superficial gastritis followed by gastric carcinogenesis. Despite a high prevalence of H. pylori infection, only about 1–3% of people infected with this bacterium develop GC worldwide. Furthermore, the development of chronic gastritis in some, but not all, H. pylori-infected subjects remains unexplained. These conflicting findings indicate that clinical outcomes of aggressive inflammation (atrophic gastritis) to gastric carcinogenesis are influenced by several other factors (in addition to H. pylori infection), such as gut microbiota, co-existence of intestinal helminths, dietary habits, and host genetic factors. This review has five goals: (1) to assess our current understanding of the process of H. pylori-triggered inflammation and gastric precursor lesions; (2) to present a hypothesis on risk modulation by the gut microbiota and infestation with intestinal helminths; (3) to identify the dietary behavior of the people at risk of GC; (4) to check the inflammation-related genetic polymorphisms and role of exosomes together with other factors as initiators of precancerous lesions and gastric carcinoma; and (5) finally, to conclude and suggest a new direction for future research.
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497
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Cao D, Naiyila X, Li J, Huang Y, Chen Z, Chen B, Li J, Guo J, Dong Q, Ai J, Yang L, Liu L, Wei Q. Potential Strategies to Improve the Effectiveness of Drug Therapy by Changing Factors Related to Tumor Microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:705280. [PMID: 34447750 PMCID: PMC8383319 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.705280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A tumor microenvironment (TME) is composed of various cell types and extracellular components. It contains tumor cells and is nourished by a network of blood vessels. The TME not only plays a significant role in the occurrence, development, and metastasis of tumors but also has a far-reaching impact on the effect of therapeutics. Continuous interaction between tumor cells and the environment, which is mediated by their environment, may lead to drug resistance. In this review, we focus on the key cellular components of the TME and the potential strategies to improve the effectiveness of drug therapy by changing their related factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehong Cao
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaokaiti Naiyila
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinze Li
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Huang
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianbing Guo
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianzhong Ai
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangren Liu
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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498
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Zarin B, Rafiee L, Daneshpajouhnejad P, Haghjooy Javanmard S. A review on the role of CAFs and CAF-derived exosomes in progression and metastasis of digestive system cancers. Tumour Biol 2021; 43:141-157. [PMID: 34420992 DOI: 10.3233/tub-200075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers evolve as a result of the accelerated proliferation of cancer cells in a complicated, enriched, and active microenvironment. Tumor microenvironment (TME) components are the master regulators of any step of cancer development. The tumor microenvironment is composed of many cellular and noncellular components that contribute to the evolution of cancer cells. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are activated fibroblasts in the TME that implicate in tumor progression and metastasis dissemination through secretion of oncogenic factors which are carried to the secondary metastatic sites through exosomes. In this review, we aimed to assess the role of CAF-derived exosomes in TME construction and pre-metastatic niche formation in different cancers of the digestive system in order to better understand some important mechanisms of metastasis and provide possible targets for clinical intervention. This review article is divided into two thematic parts explaining the general mechanisms of pre-metastatic niche formation and metastasis and the role of CAF-derived exosomes in different digestive system cancers including colorectal, gastric, esophageal, pancreatic, and liver cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Zarin
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Laleh Rafiee
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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499
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Liu Y, Chen Q, Zhu Y, Wang T, Ye L, Han L, Yao Z, Yang Z. Non-coding RNAs in necroptosis, pyroptosis and ferroptosis in cancer metastasis. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:210. [PMID: 34381023 PMCID: PMC8358062 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00596-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Distant metastasis is the main cause of death for cancer patients. Recently, the newly discovered programmed cell death includes necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, which possesses an important role in the process of tumor metastasis. At the same time, it is widely reported that non-coding RNA precisely regulates programmed death and tumor metastasis. In the present review, we summarize the function and role of necroptosis, pyrolysis, and ferroptosis involving in cancer metastasis, as well as the regulatory factors, including non-coding RNAs, of necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis in the process of tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiuyun Chen
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanan Zhu
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Tiying Wang
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lijuan Ye
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lei Han
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhihong Yao
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zuozhang Yang
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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500
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Identification of Ferroptosis-Related Long Noncoding RNA and Construction of a Novel Prognostic Signature for Gastric Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:7724997. [PMID: 34394774 PMCID: PMC8357526 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7724997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the digestive system. It has a poor prognosis and is clinically challenging to treat. Ferroptosis is a newly defined mode of programmed cell death. The roles and prognostic value of ferroptosis-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in gastric cancer remain unknown. Results In the current study, 20 ferroptosis-related lncRNAs were identified via univariate Cox analysis, least absolute shrinkage, and selection operator Cox regression analysis and used to construct a prognostic signature and classify gastric cancer patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. The signature was validated using TCGA training and testing cohorts. The risk signature was an independent prognostic indicator of survival and accurately predicted the prognoses of patients with gastric cancer. It was also associated with immune cell infiltration. Gene set enrichment analysis was used to investigate underlying mechanisms that the 20 ferroptosis-related lncRNAs were involved in. Chemosensitivity and immune checkpoint inhibitor analyses indicated that high-risk patients were more sensitive to the immune checkpoint inhibitor programmed cell death protein 1. Conclusions The important role of ferroptosis-related lncRNAs in immune infiltration identified in the current study may assist the determination of personalized prognoses and treatments in patients with gastric cancer. These 20 lncRNAs can be used as the diagnostic and prognostic markers for gastric cancer.
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