501
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Andersson KE. PDE5 inhibitors - pharmacology and clinical applications 20 years after sildenafil discovery. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:2554-2565. [PMID: 29667180 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of the nitric oxide/cGMP pathway was the basis for our understanding of many normal physiological functions and the pathophysiology of several diseases. Since the discovery and introduction of sildenafil, inhibitors of PDE5 have been the first-line therapy for erectile dysfunction (ED). The success of sildenafil in the treatment of ED stimulated research in the field of PDE5 inhibition and led to many new applications, such as treatment of lower urinary symptoms, and pulmonary arterial hypertension, which are now approved indications. However, PDE5 inhibitors have also been used in several other disorders not discussed in this review, and the fields of clinical use are increasing. In the present review, the pharmacological basis of the NO/cGMP pathway and the rationale and clinical use of PDE5 inhibitors in different diseases are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-E Andersson
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA.,Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 223 62, Lund, Sweden
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502
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Kuypers DRJ, Vanhove T. Kuypers and Vanhove reply to 'Was 4β-hydroxycholesterol ever going to be a useful marker of CYP3A4 activity?' by Neuhoff and Tucker. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 84:1622-1623. [PMID: 29691891 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk R J Kuypers
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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503
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Malek N, Starowicz K. Joint problems arising from lack of repair mechanisms: can cannabinoids help? Br J Pharmacol 2018; 176:1412-1420. [PMID: 29574720 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common disease of joints, which are complex organs where cartilage, bone and synovium cooperate to allow a range of movements. During progression of the disease, the function of all three main components is jeopardized. Nevertheless, the involvement of each tissue in OA development is still not established and is the topic of the present review. The OA therapies available are symptomatic, largely targeting pain management rather than disease progression. The strong need to develop a treatment for cartilage degeneration, bone deformation and synovial inflammation has led to research on the involvement of the endocannabinoid system in the development of OA. The current review discusses the research on this topic to date and notes the advantages of exploiting endocannabinoid system modulation for cartilage, bone and synovium homeostasis, which could prevent the further progression of OA. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on 8th European Workshop on Cannabinoid Research. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.10/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Malek
- Department of Cell Pathophysiology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Starowicz
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
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504
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Crescente M, Menke L, Chan MV, Armstrong PC, Warner TD. Eicosanoids in platelets and the effect of their modulation by aspirin in the cardiovascular system (and beyond). Br J Pharmacol 2018; 176:988-999. [PMID: 29512148 PMCID: PMC6451075 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are important players in thrombosis and haemostasis with their function being modulated by mediators in the blood and the vascular wall. Among these, eicosanoids can both stimulate and inhibit platelet reactivity. Platelet Cyclooxygenase (COX)-1-generated Thromboxane (TX)A2 is the primary prostanoid that stimulates platelet aggregation; its action is counter-balanced by prostacyclin, a product of vascular COX. Prostaglandin (PG)D2 , PGE2 and 12-hydroxyeicosatraenoic acid (HETE), or 15-HETE, are other prostanoid modulators of platelet activity, but some also play a role in carcinogenesis. Aspirin permanently inhibits platelet COX-1, underlying its anti-thrombotic and anti-cancer action. While the use of aspirin as an anti-cancer drug is increasingly encouraged, its continued use in addition to P2 Y12 receptor antagonists for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases is currently debated. Aspirin not only suppresses TXA2 but also prevents the synthesis of both known and unknown antiplatelet eicosanoid pathways, potentially lessening the efficacy of dual antiplatelet therapies. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Eicosanoids 35 years from the 1982 Nobel: where are we now? To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.8/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilena Crescente
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Laura Menke
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Melissa V Chan
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Paul C Armstrong
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Timothy D Warner
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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505
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Hastings JF, Skhinas JN, Fey D, Croucher DR, Cox TR. The extracellular matrix as a key regulator of intracellular signalling networks. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 176:82-92. [PMID: 29510460 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a salient feature of all solid tissues within the body. This complex, acellular entity is composed of hundreds of individual molecules whose assembly, architecture and biomechanical properties are critical to controlling the behaviour and phenotype of the different cell types residing within tissues. Cells are the basic unit of life and the core building block of tissues and organs. At their simplest, they follow a set of rules, governed by their genetic code and effected through the complex protein signalling networks that these genes encode. These signalling networks assimilate and process the information received by the cell to control cellular decisions that govern cell fate. The ECM is the biggest provider of external stimuli to cells and as such is responsible for influencing intracellular signalling dynamics. In this review, we discuss the inclusion of ECM as a central regulatory signalling sub-network in computational models of cellular decision making, with a focus on its role in diseases such as cancer. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Translating the Matrix. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.1/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan F Hastings
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Joanna N Skhinas
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Dirk Fey
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - David R Croucher
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2010, Australia.,School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Thomas R Cox
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2010, Australia
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506
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Guo D, Peletier LA, Bridge L, Keur W, de Vries H, Zweemer A, Heitman LH, IJzerman AP. A two-state model for the kinetics of competitive radioligand binding. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1719-1730. [PMID: 29486053 PMCID: PMC5913406 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Ligand–receptor binding kinetics is receiving increasing attention in the drug research community. The Motulsky and Mahan model, a one‐state model, offers a method for measuring the binding kinetics of an unlabelled ligand, with the assumption that the labelled ligand has no preference while binding to distinct states or conformations of a drug target. As such, the one‐state model is not applicable if the radioligand displays biphasic binding kinetics to the receptor. Experimental Approach We extended the Motulsky and Mahan model to a two‐state model, in which the kinetics of the unlabelled competitor binding to different receptor states (R1 and R2) can be measured. With this extended model, we determined the binding kinetics of unlabelled N‐5′‐ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA), a representative agonist for the adenosine A1 receptor. Subsequently, an application of the model was exemplified by measuring the binding kinetics of other A1 receptor ligands. In addition, limitations of the model were investigated as well. Key Results The kinetic rate constants of unlabelled NECA were comparable with the results of kinetic radioligand binding assays in which [3H]‐NECA was used. The model was further validated by good correlation between simulated results and the experimental data. Conclusion The two‐state model is sufficient to analyse the binding kinetics of an unlabelled ligand, when a radioligand shows biphasic association characteristics. We expect this two‐state model to have general applicability for other targets as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Lloyd Bridge
- Department of Mathematics, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.,Department of Engineering Design and Mathematics, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - Wesley Keur
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Henk de Vries
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Annelien Zweemer
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Laura H Heitman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan P IJzerman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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507
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Ueshima S, Hira D, Kimura Y, Fujii R, Tomitsuka C, Yamane T, Tabuchi Y, Ozawa T, Itoh H, Ohno S, Horie M, Terada T, Katsura T. Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenomics of apixaban in Japanese adult patients with atrial fibrillation. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 84:1301-1312. [PMID: 29457840 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to analyse the effects of genetic polymorphisms in drug transporters and metabolizing enzymes, and clinical laboratory data on the pharmacokinetic parameters of apixaban. METHODS Data were collected from 81 Japanese patients with atrial fibrillation. Pharmacogenomic data were stratified by ABCB1, ABCG2 and CYP3A5 polymorphisms. The pharmacokinetic profile of apixaban was described by a one-compartment model with first-order absorption. Population pharmacokinetic analysis was conducted using a nonlinear mixed effect modelling (NONMEM™) program. RESULTS The nonlinear relationship between oral clearance (CL/F) of apixaban and creatinine clearance (Ccr) was observed. The population mean of CL/F for a typical patient (Ccr value of 70 ml min-1 ) with the CYP3A5*1/*1 and ABCG2 421C/C or C/A genotypes was estimated to be 3.06 l h-1 . When Ccr values were set to the typical value, the population mean of CL/F was 1.52 times higher in patients with the CYP3A5*1/*1 genotype compared with patients with the CYP3A5*1/*3 or *3/*3 genotype, while the population mean of CL/F was 1.49 times higher in patients with the ABCG2 421C/C or C/A genotype compared with patients with the ABCG2 421A/A genotype. However, no covariates affected the population mean of the apparent volume of distribution (Vd/F) of apixaban. The population mean of Vd/F was estimated to be 24.7 l. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that the ABCG2 421A/A and CYP3A5*3 genotypes and renal function are intrinsic factors affecting apixaban pharmacokinetics. These findings may provide useful information for precision medicine using apixaban, to avoid the risk of adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Ueshima
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Daiki Hira
- Department of Pharmacy, Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital, Seta Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Yuuma Kimura
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Ryo Fujii
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Chiho Tomitsuka
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamane
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Yohei Tabuchi
- Department of Pharmacy, Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital, Seta Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Tomoya Ozawa
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Hideki Itoh
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Seiko Ohno
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Minoru Horie
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Terada
- Department of Pharmacy, Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital, Seta Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Toshiya Katsura
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
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508
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Matsuzaki S, Pouly JL, Canis M. In vitro and in vivo effects of MK2206 and chloroquine combination therapy on endometriosis: autophagy may be required for regrowth of endometriosis. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1637-1653. [PMID: 29457968 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A high recurrence rate after medical treatment is a major clinical problem for patients with endometriosis. Here, we have evaluated the in vitro effects of combined treatment with MK2206 (an AKT inhibitor) + chloroquine on cell growth and regrowth of endometriotic stromal cells and the in vivo effects on endometriotic implants in a mouse xenograft model of endometriosis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We evaluated the effects of autophagy inhibition by knockdown of the ATG13, Beclin-1 and ATG12 genes and pharmacological agents (chloroquine, bafilomycin A1 or 3-methyalanine) individually and in combination with MK2206 on cell growth and/or cell regrowth of endometriotic stromal cells in vitro. Furthermore, we evaluated treatment with MK2206 + chloroquine on endometriotic implants in a mouse xenograft model of endometriosis. KEY RESULTS Combined treatment with MK2206 and chloroquine markedly reduced cell growth and regrowth after discontinuation of treatment in endometriotic stromal cells compared with cells treated with either drug alone. Autophagy inhibition by ATG13, Beclin-1 or ATG12 gene knockdown only affected regrowth of endometriotic stromal cells, but not endometrial stromal cells from the same patients, after a 72 h discontinuation of the combined treatment. Furthermore, combined treatment reduced the size of endometriotic implants, whereas no effects on endometriotic implants treated with either drug alone were observed in a mouse xenograft model of endometriosis. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The present findings suggest that a novel strategy for treatment of endometriosis may involve decreasing the number of endometriotic cells that can survive treatment and then preventing regrowth by autophagy inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Matsuzaki
- Chirurgie Gynécologique, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Institut Pascal, UMR6602, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/UCA/SIGMA, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Luc Pouly
- Chirurgie Gynécologique, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Institut Pascal, UMR6602, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/UCA/SIGMA, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Michel Canis
- Chirurgie Gynécologique, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Institut Pascal, UMR6602, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/UCA/SIGMA, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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509
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Bravo I, Álvarez H, Mariño A, Clotet B, Moltó J. Recurrent coronary disease in HIV-infected patients: role of drug-drug interactions. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 84:1617-1619. [PMID: 29663482 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Iria Bravo
- Internal Medicine Department, University Hospital of Ferrol, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Hortensia Álvarez
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Internal Medicine Department, University Hospital of Ferrol, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ana Mariño
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Internal Medicine Department, University Hospital of Ferrol, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Bonaventura Clotet
- Fundació Lluita contra la Sida, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.,Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Fundació IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.,Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVIC-UCC), Vic, Spain
| | - José Moltó
- Fundació Lluita contra la Sida, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.,Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
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510
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Derissen EJB, Huitema ADR, Rosing H, Schellens JHM, Beijnen JH. Intracellular pharmacokinetics of gemcitabine, its deaminated metabolite 2',2'-difluorodeoxyuridine and their nucleotides. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 84:1279-1289. [PMID: 29451684 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Gemcitabine (2',2'-difluoro-2'-deoxycytidine; dFdC) is a prodrug that has to be phosphorylated within the tumour cell to become active. Intracellularly formed gemcitabine diphosphate (dFdCDP) and triphosphate (dFdCTP) are considered responsible for the antineoplastic effects of gemcitabine. However, a major part of gemcitabine is converted into 2',2'-difluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (dFdU) by deamination. In the cell, dFdU can also be phosphorylated to its monophosphate (dFdUMP), diphosphate (dFdUDP) and triphosphate (dFdUTP). In vitro data suggest that these dFdU nucleotides might also contribute to the antitumour effects, although little is known about their intracellular pharmacokinetics (PK). Therefore, the objective of the present study was to gain insight into the intracellular PK of all dFdC and dFdU nucleotides formed during gemcitabine treatment. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples were collected from 38 patients receiving gemcitabine, at multiple time points after infusion. Gemcitabine, dFdU and their nucleotides were quantified in PBMCs. In addition, gemcitabine and dFdU plasma concentrations were monitored. The individual PK parameters in plasma and in PBMCs were determined. RESULTS Both in plasma and in PBMCs, dFdU was present in higher concentrations than gemcitabine [mean intracellular area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to 24 h (AUC0-24 h ) 1650 vs. 95 μM*h]. However, the dFdUMP, dFdUDP and dFdUTP concentrations in PBMCs were much lower than the dFdCDP and dFdCTP concentrations. The mean AUC0-24 h for dFdUTP was 312 μM*h vs. 2640 μM*h for dFdCTP. CONCLUSIONS The study provides the first complete picture of all nucleotides that are formed intracellularly during gemcitabine treatment. Low intracellular dFdU nucleotide concentrations were found, which calls into question the relevance of these nucleotides for the cytotoxic effects of gemcitabine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen J B Derissen
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital - The Netherlands Cancer Institute and MC Slotervaart, Louwesweg, 6, 1066, EC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alwin D R Huitema
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital - The Netherlands Cancer Institute and MC Slotervaart, Louwesweg, 6, 1066, EC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584, CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hilde Rosing
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital - The Netherlands Cancer Institute and MC Slotervaart, Louwesweg, 6, 1066, EC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H M Schellens
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066, CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Science Faculty, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Division of Pharmaco-epidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80082, 3508, TB, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital - The Netherlands Cancer Institute and MC Slotervaart, Louwesweg, 6, 1066, EC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Science Faculty, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Division of Pharmaco-epidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80082, 3508, TB, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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511
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Li D, Liu Q, Sun W, Chen X, Wang Y, Sun Y, Lin L. 1,3,6,7-Tetrahydroxy-8-prenylxanthone ameliorates inflammatory responses resulting from the paracrine interaction of adipocytes and macrophages. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1590-1606. [PMID: 29446826 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chronic inflammation in adipose tissue is critical in the onset and development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue and pro-inflammatory polarization play key roles in adipose tissue inflammation. The fruit hull of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) is used in traditional medicine to treat various inflammatory diseases. However, its role in regulating adipose tissue inflammation is unexplored. This study was designed to identify xanthones from G. mangostana, which could ameliorate adipose tissue inflammation. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Expressions of inducible NOS, cytokines, chemokines and components of the NF-κB and MAPKs pathways were evaluated using Western blotting, immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time PCR or ELISA. The migration of macrophages towards adipocytes was tested using Transwell experiments in vitro. A murine model of LPS-induced acute inflammation was used to examine effects of 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxy-8-prenylxanthone (TPX) on inflammatory responses in adipose tissue in vivo. KEY RESULTS From a series of xanthones isolated from G. mangostana, TPX was identified as a potent inhibitor of LPS-induced NO production and IL-6 secretion in RAW264.7 macrophages. TPX ameliorated LPS-induced inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 macrophages, and TNF-α-mediated inflammation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, through inhibiting MAPKs and NF-κB activation and promoting sirtuin 3 expression. TPX also blocked RAW264.7 macrophages migration towards 3T3-L1 adipocytes in co-cultures. Furthermore, TPX alleviated LPS-induced adipose tissue inflammation in vivo by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines and preventing the pro-inflammatory polarization of macrophages. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Taken together, our results indicate that TPX disrupts the inflammatory responses between macrophages and adipocytes, and attenuates adipose tissue inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Qianyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Wen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Yuxiang Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
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512
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Bisha M, Dao VTV, Gholamreza-Fahimi E, Vogt M, van Zandvoort M, Weber S, Bas M, Khosravani F, Kojda G, Suvorava T. The role of bradykinin receptor type 2 in spontaneous extravasation in mice skin: implications for non-allergic angio-oedema. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1607-1620. [PMID: 29465763 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Non-allergic angio-oedema is a life-threatening disease mediated by activation of bradykinin type 2 receptors (B2 receptors). The aim of this study was to investigate whether activation of B2 receptors by endogenous bradykinin contributes to physiological extravasation. This may shed new light on the assumption that treatment with an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) results in an alteration in the vascular barrier function predisposing to non-allergic angio-oedema. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We generated a new transgenic mouse model characterized by endothelium-specific overexpression of the B2 receptor (B2tg ) and established a non-invasive two-photon laser microscopy approach to measure the kinetics of spontaneous extravasation in vivo. The B2tg mice showed normal morphology and litter size as compared with their transgene-negative littermates (B2n ). KEY RESULTS Overexpression of B2 receptors was functional in conductance vessels and resistance vessels as evidenced by B2 receptor-mediated aortic dilation to bradykinin in presence of non-specific COX inhibitor diclofenac and by significant hypotension in B2tg respectively. Measurement of dermal extravasation by Miles assay showed that bradykinin induced extravasation was significantly increased in B2tg as compared with B2n . However, neither endothelial overexpression of B2 receptors nor treatment with the ACEi moexipril or B2 antagonist icatibant had any effect on spontaneous extravasation measured by two-photon laser microscopy. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Activation of B2 receptors does not appear to be involved in spontaneous extravasation. Therefore, the assumption that treatment with an ACEi results in an alteration in the physiological vascular barrier function predisposing to non-allergic angio-oedema is not supported by our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Bisha
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vu Thao-Vi Dao
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ehsan Gholamreza-Fahimi
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Vogt
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marc van Zandvoort
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Sector Molecular Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Weber
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Murat Bas
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Farbod Khosravani
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Georg Kojda
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tatsiana Suvorava
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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513
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Shaik MN, Hee B, Wei H, LaBadie RR. Evaluation of the effect of rifampin on the pharmacokinetics of the Smoothened inhibitor glasdegib in healthy volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 84:1346-1353. [PMID: 29488303 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a strong CYP3A inducer, rifampin, on glasdegib pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers. METHODS In an open-label, fixed-sequence, two-period Phase 1 study, subjects received a single 100-mg oral dose of glasdegib alone or following once-daily pre-treatment with 600 mg rifampin. Glasdegib pharmacokinetics were calculated using a noncompartmental analysis. RESULTS Twelve healthy male volunteers (3 whites, 5 blacks and 4 others) were enrolled in the study. Mean age, weight, height and body mass index was 37.8 years, 83.0 kg, 177.3 cm and 26.5 kg (m2 ) -1 , respectively. When dosed alone, glasdegib geometric mean (% coefficient of variation) area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity (AUCinf ) was 8145 ng × h ml-1 (23%) and maximum observed concentration (Cmax ) was 703.2 ng ml-1 (19%). With rifampin, glasdegib AUCinf and Cmax decreased, with an adjusted geometric mean ratio (90% confidence interval) 29.66% (26.17-33.62) for AUCinf and 64.71% (57.21-73.19) for Cmax . Mean terminal half-life decreased from 13.39 to 5.11 hours, geometric mean apparent oral clearance increased from 12.27 to 41.38 l h-1 , whereas median time to Cmax remained similar (1.50 vs. 1.25 hours) in the presence of rifampin. All adverse events (n = 29) were mild in severity and resolved by the end of the study. CONCLUSIONS Co-administration of rifampin expectedly decreased glasdegib AUCinf and Cmax by ~70% and ~35%, respectively. These results will help to formulate recommendations for dosing strategies in combination with CYP3A inducers in situations where co-administration may be necessary. (clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02430545).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian Hee
- Pfizer Inc, San Diego, California, USA
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514
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Wang W, Ma X, Luo L, Huang M, Dong J, Zhang X, Jiang W, Xu T. Exchange factor directly activated by cAMP-PKCε signalling mediates chronic morphine-induced expression of purine P2X3 receptor in rat dorsal root ganglia. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1760-1769. [PMID: 29500928 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The P2X3 receptor is a major receptor in the processing of nociceptive information in dorsal root ganglia. We investigated the role of the P2X3 receptor and the detailed mechanisms underlying chronic morphine-induced analgesic tolerance in rats. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Repeated i.t. morphine treatment was used to induce anti-nociceptive tolerance. The expression of spinal P2X3 receptor, phosphorylated PKCε and exchange factor directly activated by cAMP (Epac) were evaluated. Effects of A-317491 (P2X3 antagonist), ε-V1-2 (PKCε inhibitor) and ESI-09 (Epac inhibitor) on mechanical pain thresholds and tail-flick latency after chronic morphine treatment were determined. Co-localization of P2X3 receptor with NeuNs (marker of neuron), IB4 (marker of small DRG neurons), peripherin, PKCε and Epac were performed by double immunofluorescence staining. KEY RESULTS Chronic morphine time-dependently increased the expression of P2X3 receptor, phosphorylated PKCε and Epac in DRGs. ε-V1-2 prevented chronic morphine-induced expression of P2X3 receptor. ESI-09 decreased the phosphorylation of PKCε and up-regulated expression of Epac after chronic morphine exposure. Mechanical pain thresholds and tail-flick latency showed that A317491, ε-V1-2 and ESI-09 significantly attenuated the loss of morphine's analgesic potency. Morphine-induced P2X3 receptor expression mainly occurred in neurons staining for IB4 and peripherin. Co-localization of P2X3 receptor with PKCε and Epac was demonstrated in the same neurons. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Chronic morphine exposure increased the expression of P2X3 receptor, and i.t. P2X3 receptor antagonists attenuated the loss of morphine's analgesic effect. Inhibiting Epac/PKCε signalling was shown to play a significant inhibitory role in chronic morphine-induced P2X3 receptor expression and attenuate morphine-induced tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaqing Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Nantong Third People's Hospital, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Limin Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Tongzhou People's Hospital, Nantong, China
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515
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Shen Y, Wen L, Zhang R, Wei Z, Shi N, Xiong Q, Xia Q, Xing Z, Zeng Z, Niu H, Huang W. Dihydrodiosgenin protects against experimental acute pancreatitis and associated lung injury through mitochondrial protection and PI3Kγ/Akt inhibition. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1621-1636. [PMID: 29457828 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a painful and distressing disorder of the exocrine pancreas with no specific treatment. Diosgenyl saponins extracted from from Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright have been reported to protect against experimental models of AP. Diosgenin, or its derivatives are anti-inflammatory in various conditions. However, the effects of diosgenin and its spiroacetal ring opened analogue, dihydrodiosgenin (Dydio), on AP have not been determined. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Effects of diosgenin and Dydio on sodium taurocholate hydrate (Tauro)-induced necrosis were tested, using freshly isolated murine pancreatic acinar cells. Effects of Dydio on mitochondrial dysfunction in response to Tauro, cholecystokinin-8 and palmitoleic acid ethyl ester were also assessed. Dydio (5 or 10 mg·kg-1 ) was administered after the induction in vivo of Tauro-induced AP (Wistar rats), caerulein-induced AP and palmitoleic acid plus ethanol-induced AP (Balb/c mice). Pancreatitis was assessed biochemically and histologically. Activation of pancreatic PI3Kγ/Akt was measured by immunoblotting. KEY RESULTS Dydio inhibited Tauro-induced activation of the necrotic cell death pathway and prevented pancreatitis stimuli-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Therapeutic administration of Dydio ameliorated biochemical and histopathological responses in all three models of AP through pancreatic mitochondrial protection and PI3Kγ/Akt inactivation. Moreover, Dydio improved pancreatitis-associated acute lung injury through preventing excessive inflammatory responses. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These data provide in vitro and in vivo mechanistic evidence that the diosgenin analogue, Dydio could be potential treatment for AP. Further medicinal optimization of diosgenin and its analogue might be a useful strategy for identifying lead candidates for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shen
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology/Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Wen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC and School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rui Zhang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology/Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zeliang Wei
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology/Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Na Shi
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiuyang Xiong
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology/Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qing Xia
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhihua Xing
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology/Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhi Zeng
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology/Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hai Niu
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology/Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,College of Mathematics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Huang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology/Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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516
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Sainio AO, Järveläinen HT. Decorin-mediated oncosuppression - a potential future adjuvant therapy for human epithelial cancers. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 176:5-15. [PMID: 29488209 PMCID: PMC6284329 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the multifaceted role of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in tumourigenesis has been realized. One ECM macromolecule exhibiting potent oncosuppressive actions in tumourigenesis is decorin, the prototype of the small leucine-rich proteoglycan gene family. The actions of decorin include its ability to function as an endogenous pan-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, a regulator of both autophagy and mitophagy, as well as a modulator of the immune system. In this review, we will discuss these topics in more detail. We also provide a summary of preclinical studies exploring the value of decorin-mediated oncosuppression, as a potential future adjuvant therapy for epithelial cancers. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Translating the Matrix. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.1/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annele Orvokki Sainio
- Institute of Biomedicine, Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Hannu Tapio Järveläinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Satakunta Central Hospital, Sairaalantie 3, 28500, Pori, Finland
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517
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Santamaria S, de Groot R. Monoclonal antibodies against metzincin targets. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 176:52-66. [PMID: 29488211 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The metzincin clan of metalloproteinases includes the MMP, disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) and ADAM with thrombospondin motifs families, which cleave extracellular targets in a wide range of (patho)physiological processes. Antibodies constitute a powerful tool to modulate the activity of these enzymes for both therapeutic and research purposes. In this review, we give an overview of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that have been tested in preclinical disease models, human trials and important studies of metzincin structure and function. Initial attempts to develop therapeutic small molecule inhibitors against MMPs were hampered by structural similarities between metzincin active sites and, consequently, off-target effects. Therefore, more recently, mAbs have been developed that do not bind to the active site but bind to surface-exposed loops that are poorly conserved in closely related family members. Inhibition of protease activity by these mAbs occurs through a variety of mechanisms, including (i) barring access to the active site, (ii) disruption of exosite binding, and (iii) prevention of protease activation. These different modes of inhibition are discussed in the context of the antibodies' potency, selectivity and, importantly, the effects in models of disease and clinical trials. In addition, various innovative strategies that were used to generate anti-metzincin mAbs are discussed. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Translating the Matrix. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.1/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rens de Groot
- Imperial College London, Centre for Haematology, London, UK
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518
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Hansen HS, Vana V. Non-endocannabinoid N-acylethanolamines and 2-monoacylglycerols in the intestine. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 176:1443-1454. [PMID: 29473944 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on recent findings of the physiological and pharmacological role of non-endocannabinoid N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) and 2-monoacylglycerols (2-MAGs) in the intestine and their involvement in the gut-brain signalling. Dietary fat suppresses food intake, and much research concerns the known gut peptides, for example, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and cholecystokinin (CCK). NAEs and 2-MAGs represent another class of local gut signals most probably involved in the regulation of food intake. We discuss the putative biosynthetic pathways and targets of NAEs in the intestine as well as their anorectic role and changes in intestinal levels depending on the dietary status. NAEs can activate the transcription factor PPARα, but studies to evaluate the role of endogenous NAEs are generally lacking. Finally, we review the role of diet-derived 2-MAGs in the secretion of anorectic gut peptides via activation of GPR119. Both PPARα and GPR119 have potential as pharmacological targets for the treatment of obesity and the former for treatment of intestinal inflammation. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on 8th European Workshop on Cannabinoid Research. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.10/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald S Hansen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vasiliki Vana
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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519
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Xiao XL, Hu N, Zhang XZ, Jiang M, Chen C, Ma R, Ma ZG, Gao JL, Xuan XC, Sun ZJ, Dong DL. Niclosamide inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration and attenuates neointimal hyperplasia in injured rat carotid arteries. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1707-1718. [PMID: 29486057 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The anti-helminthic drug niclosamide regulates multiple cellular signals including STAT3, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), Akt, Wnt/β-catenin and mitochondrial uncoupling which are involved in neointimal hyperplasia. Here we have examined the effects of niclosamide on vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration and neointimal hyperplasia and assessed the potential mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Cell migration was measured by using wound-induced migration assay and Boyden chamber assay. Protein levels were measured by using Western blot technique. Neointimal hyperplasia in vivo was induced in rats by balloon injury to the carotid artery. KEY RESULTS Niclosamide treatment inhibited serum-induced (15% FBS) and PDGF-BB-induced proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (A10 cells). Niclosamide showed no cytotoxicity at anti-proliferative concentrations, but induced cell apoptosis at higher concentrations. Niclosamide treatment inhibited serum-induced (15% FBS) and PDGF-BB-induced STAT3 activation (increased protein levels of p-STAT3 at Tyr705 ) but activated AMPK, in A10 cells. Niclosamide exerted no significant effects on β-catenin expression and the activities of ERK1/2 and Akt in A10 cells. Injection (i.p.) of soluble pegylated niclosamide (PEG5000-niclosamide) (equivalent to niclosamide 25 mg·kg-1 ) attenuated neointimal hyperplasia following balloon-injury in rat carotid arteries in vivo. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Niclosamide inhibited vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration and attenuated neointimal hyperplasia in balloon-injured rat carotid arteries through a mechanism involving inhibition of STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lin Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin-Zi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Man Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Institute of Materials Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing, Center for Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhen-Gang Ma
- Institute of Materials Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing, Center for Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China
| | - Jin-Lai Gao
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiu-Chen Xuan
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Sun
- Institute of Materials Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing, Center for Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China
| | - De-Li Dong
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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520
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Li X, Zhou J. Impact of postdiagnostic statin use on ovarian cancer mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 84:1109-1120. [PMID: 29453799 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To comprehensively evaluate the association between postdiagnostic statin use and mortality of ovarian cancer (OC) patients. METHODS Using a comprehensive strategy, multiple databases (Medline, Embase and Web of Science) were systematically searched to identify observational studies that examined the correlation between statin use and OC mortality up to 31 December 2017. The studies were independently reviewed and selected based on predetermined selection criteria. Data were extracted independently and in duplicate. The risk of bias was evaluated with the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for mortality were summarized with a profile likelihood random effects model. RESULTS Of 269 studies, eight cohort studies of 19 904 OC patients met the inclusion criteria. Postdiagnostic statin use was inversely associated with all-cause mortality/overall survival (summarized HR = 0.74; 95%CI = 0.63-0.87; I2 = 55%; n = 7) and cancer-specific mortality (summarized HR = 0.87; 95%CI = 0.80-0.95; I2 = 0%; n = 3) of OC patients. These findings were consistent by subgroup analyses stratified by study and patient characteristics as well as adjustments made for potential confounders. A meta-regression analysis found no effect of modification by these variables. Of note, similar significant inverse effects were also observed when increasing the intensity (highest vs. lowest) of postdiagnostic statin use (summarized HR = 0.84; 95%CI = 0.74-0.96; I2 = 0%; n = 3). CONCLUSION Postdiagnostic statin use can improve the survival of patients with OC. Further prospective cohort and randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm the therapeutic role of statin use on the outcome of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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521
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Santini A, Cammarata SM, Capone G, Ianaro A, Tenore GC, Pani L, Novellino E. Nutraceuticals: opening the debate for a regulatory framework. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 84:659-672. [PMID: 29433155 PMCID: PMC5867125 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, nutraceuticals do not have a specific definition distinct from those of other food-derived categories, such as food supplements, herbal products, pre- and probiotics, functional foods, and fortified foods. Many studies have led to an understanding of the potential mechanisms of action of pharmaceutically active components contained in food that may improve health and reduce the risk of pathological conditions while enhancing overall well-being. Nevertheless, there is a lack of clear information and, often, the claimed health benefits may not be properly substantiated by safety and efficacy information or in vitro and in vivo data, which can induce false expectations and miss the target for a product to be effective, as claimed. An officially shared and accepted definition of nutraceuticals is still missing, as nutraceuticals are mostly referred to as pharma-foods, a powerful toolbox to be used beyond the diet but before the drugs to prevent and treat pathological conditions, such as in subjects who may not yet be eligible for conventional pharmaceutical therapy. Hence, it is of utmost importance to have a proper and unequivocal definition of nutraceuticals and shared regulations. It also seems wise to assess the safety, mechanism of action and efficacy of nutraceuticals with clinical data. A growing demand exists for nutraceuticals, which seem to reside in the grey area between pharmaceuticals and food. Nonetheless, given specific legislation from different countries, nutraceuticals are experiencing challenges with safety and health claim substantiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Santini
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Napoli Federico IIVia D. Montesano, 49 ‐80131NaplesItaly
| | | | - Giacomo Capone
- AIFA ‐ Agenzia Italiana del FarmacoVia del Tritone, 181 ‐00187RomeItaly
| | - Angela Ianaro
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Napoli Federico IIVia D. Montesano, 49 ‐80131NaplesItaly
| | - Gian Carlo Tenore
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Napoli Federico IIVia D. Montesano, 49 ‐80131NaplesItaly
| | - Luca Pani
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of Miami, School of Medicine33136‐1015MiamiFLUSA
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Napoli Federico IIVia D. Montesano, 49 ‐80131NaplesItaly
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522
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Wilkinson DJ, Arques MDC, Huesa C, Rowan AD. Serine proteinases in the turnover of the cartilage extracellular matrix in the joint: implications for therapeutics. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 176:38-51. [PMID: 29473950 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage destruction is a key characteristic of arthritic disease, a process now widely established to be mediated by metzincins such as MMPs. Despite showing promise in preclinical trials during the 1990s, MMP inhibitors for the blockade of extracellular matrix turnover in the treatment of cancer and arthritis failed clinically, primarily due to poor selectivity for target MMPs. In recent years, roles for serine proteinases in the proteolytic cascades leading to cartilage destruction have become increasingly apparent, renewing interest in the potential for new therapeutic strategies that utilize pharmacological inhibitors against this class of proteinases. Herein, we describe key serine proteinases with likely importance in arthritic disease and highlight recent advances in this field. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Translating the Matrix. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.1/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Wilkinson
- Skeletal Research Group, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Maria Del Carmen Arques
- Skeletal Research Group, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Carmen Huesa
- Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Health Research, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
| | - Andrew D Rowan
- Skeletal Research Group, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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523
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Hughes V, Richardson MJE, Wall MJ. Acute ethanol exposure has bidirectional actions on the endogenous neuromodulator adenosine in rat hippocampus. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1471-1485. [PMID: 29361192 PMCID: PMC5901169 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Ethanol is a widely used recreational drug with complex effects on physiological and pathological brain function. In epileptic patients, the use of ethanol can modify seizure initiation and subsequent seizure activity with reports of ethanol being both pro‐ and anticonvulsant. One proposed target of ethanol's actions is the neuromodulator adenosine, which is released during epileptic seizures to feedback and inhibit the occurrence of subsequent seizures. Here, we investigated the actions of acute ethanol exposure on adenosine signalling in rat hippocampus. Experimental Approach We have combined electrophysiology with direct measurements of extracellular adenosine using microelectrode biosensors in rat hippocampal slices. Key Results We found that ethanol has bidirectional actions on adenosine signalling: depressant concentrations of ethanol (50 mM) increased the basal extracellular concentration of adenosine under baseline conditions, leading to the inhibition of synaptic transmission, but it inhibited adenosine release during evoked seizure activity in brain slices. The reduction in activity‐dependent adenosine release was in part produced by effects on NMDA receptors, although other mechanisms also appeared to be involved. Low concentrations of ethanol (10–15 mM) enhanced pathological network activity by selectively blocking activity‐dependent adenosine release. Conclusions and Implications The complex dose‐dependent actions of ethanol on adenosine signalling could in part explain the mixture of pro‐convulsant and anticonvulsant actions of ethanol that have previously been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Hughes
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Mark J Wall
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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524
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MacEachern SJ, Keenan CM, Papakonstantinou E, Sharkey KA, Patel BA. Alterations in melatonin and 5-HT signalling in the colonic mucosa of mice with dextran-sodium sulfate-induced colitis. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1535-1547. [PMID: 29447434 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by pain, bleeding, cramping and altered gastrointestinal (GI) function. Changes in mucosal 5-HT (serotonin) signalling occur in animal models of colitis and in humans suffering from IBD. Melatonin is co-released with 5-HT from the mucosa and has a wide variety of actions in the GI tract. Here, we examined how melatonin signalling is affected by colitis and determined how this relates to 5-HT signalling. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Using electroanalytical approaches, we investigated how 5-HT release, reuptake and availability as well as melatonin availability are altered in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Studies were conducted to explore if melatonin treatment during active colitis could reduce the severity of colitis. KEY RESULTS We observed an increase in 5-HT and a decrease in melatonin availability in DSS-induced colitis. A significant reduction in 5-HT reuptake was observed in DSS-induced colitis animals. A reduction in the content of 5-HT was observed, but no difference in tryptophan levels were observed. A reduction in deoxycholic acid-stimulated 5-HT availability and a significant reduction in mechanically-stimulated 5-HT and melatonin availability were observed in DSS-induced colitis. Orally or rectally administered melatonin once colitis was established did not significantly suppress inflammation. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our data suggest that DSS-induced colitis results in a reduction in melatonin availability and an increase in 5-HT availability, due to a reduction/loss of tryptophan hydroxylase 1 enzyme, 5-HT content and 5-HT transporters. Mechanosensory release was more susceptible to inflammation when compared with chemosensory release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J MacEachern
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Catherine M Keenan
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Keith A Sharkey
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Bhavik Anil Patel
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building, Brighton, UK.,Centre for Stress and Age-related Diseases, University of Brighton, Huxley Building, Brighton, UK
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525
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Mouat MA, Coleman JLJ, Smith NJ. GPCRs in context: sexual dimorphism in the cardiovascular system. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:4047-4059. [PMID: 29451687 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the largest cause of mortality worldwide, and there is a clear gender gap in disease occurrence, with men being predisposed to earlier onset of CVD, including atherosclerosis and hypertension, relative to women. Oestrogen may be a driving factor for female-specific cardioprotection, though androgens and sex chromosomes are also likely to contribute to sexual dimorphism in the cardiovascular system (CVS). Many GPCR-mediated processes are involved in cardiovascular homeostasis, and some exhibit clear sex divergence. Here, we focus on the G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor, endothelin receptors ETA and ETB and the eicosanoid G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), discussing the evidence and potential mechanisms leading to gender dimorphic responses in the vasculature. The use of animal models and pharmacological tools has been essential to understanding the role of these receptors in the CVS and will be key to further delineating their sex-specific effects. Ultimately, this may illuminate wider sex differences in cardiovascular pathology and physiology. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Molecular Pharmacology of GPCRs. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.21/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A Mouat
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Division of Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, NSW, Australia
| | - James L J Coleman
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Division of Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicola J Smith
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Division of Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, NSW, Australia
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526
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Wu QQ, Xiao Y, Duan MX, Yuan Y, Jiang XH, Yang Z, Liao HH, Deng W, Tang QZ. Aucubin protects against pressure overload-induced cardiac remodelling via the β 3 -adrenoceptor-neuronal NOS cascades. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1548-1566. [PMID: 29447430 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Aucubin, the predominant component of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., has been shown to have profound effects on oxidative stress. As oxidative stress has previously been demonstrated to contribute to acute and chronic myocardial injury, we tested the effects of aucubin on cardiac remodelling and heart failure. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Initially, H9c2 cardiomyocytes and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes pretreated with aucubin (1, 3, 10, 25 and 50 μM) were challenged with phenylephrine. Secondly, the transverse aorta was constricted in C57/B6 and neuronal NOS (nNOS)-knockout mice, then aucubin (1 or 5 mg·kg-1 body weight day-1 ) was injected i.p. for 25 days. Hypertrophy was evaluated by assessing morphological changes, echocardiographic parameters, histological analyses and hypertrophic markers. Oxidative stress was evaluated by examining ROS generation, oxidase activity and NO generation. NOS expression was determined by Western blotting. KEY RESULTS Aucubin effectively suppressed cardiac remodelling; in mice, aucubin substantially inhibited pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and inflammation, whereas knocking out nNOS abolished these cardioprotective effects of aucubin. Blocking or knocking down the β3 -adrenoceptor abolished the protective effects of aucubin in vitro. Furthermore, aucubin enhanced the protective effects of a β3 -adrenoceptor agonist in vitro by increasing cellular cAMP levels, whereas treatment with an adenylate cyclase (AC) inhibitor abolished the cardioprotective effects of aucubin. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Aucubin suppresses oxidative stress during cardiac remodelling by increasing the expression of nNOS in a process that requires activation of the β3 -adrenoceptor/AC/cAMP pathway. These findings suggest that aucubin could have potential as a treatment for cardiac remodelling and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming-Xia Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Han Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hai-Han Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi-Zhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
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527
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Sloop KW, Emmerson PJ, Statnick MA, Willard FS. The current state of GPCR-based drug discovery to treat metabolic disease. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:4060-4071. [PMID: 29394497 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
One approach of modern drug discovery is to identify agents that enhance or diminish signal transduction cascades in various cell types and tissues by modulating the activity of GPCRs. This strategy has resulted in the development of new medicines to treat many conditions, including cardiovascular disease, psychiatric disorders, HIV/AIDS, certain forms of cancer and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). These successes justify further pursuit of GPCRs as disease targets and provide key learning that should help guide identifying future therapeutic agents. This report reviews the current landscape of GPCR drug discovery with emphasis on efforts aimed at developing new molecules for treating T2DM and obesity. We analyse historical efforts to generate GPCR-based drugs to treat metabolic disease in terms of causal factors leading to success and failure in this endeavour. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Molecular Pharmacology of GPCRs. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.21/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle W Sloop
- Diabetes and Complications, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Paul J Emmerson
- Diabetes and Complications, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Michael A Statnick
- Diabetes and Complications, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Francis S Willard
- Quantitative Biology, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
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528
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Siemian JN, Wang K, Zhang Y, Li JX. Mechanisms of imidazoline I 2 receptor agonist-induced antinociception in rats: involvement of monoaminergic neurotransmission. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1519-1534. [PMID: 29451703 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Although the antinociceptive efficacies of imidazoline I2 receptor agonists have been established, the exact post-receptor mechanisms remain unknown. This study tested the hypothesis that monoaminergic transmission is critical for I2 receptor agonist-induced antinociception. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH von Frey filaments were used to assess antinociceptive effects of two I2 receptor agonists, 2-BFI and CR4056 on chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain or complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory pain in rats. Rectal temperature was measured to assess hypothermic effects of 2-BFI. A two-lever drug discrimination paradigm in which rats were trained to discriminate 5.6 mg·kg-1 2-BFI (i.p.) from its vehicle was used to examine the discriminative stimulus effects of 2-BFI. In each experiment, pharmacological mechanisms were investigated by combining 2-BFI or CR4056 with various pharmacological manipulations of the monoaminergic system including selective reuptake inhibition, monoamine depletion and monoamine receptor antagonism. KEY RESULTS In the CCI model, selective reuptake inhibitors of 5-HT (fluoxetine) or noradrenaline (desipramine), but not dopamine (GBR12909), enhanced 2-BFI-induced antinociception. Selective depletion of 5-HT or noradrenaline almost abolished 2-BFI-induced antinociception. 5-HT1A , 5-HT2A and α1 -adrenoceptor antagonists, but not other monoaminergic antagonists, attenuated 2-BFI and CR4056-induced antinociception in CCI and/or CFA models. However, none of these monoamine receptor antagonists significantly altered 2-BFI-induced hypothermia or discriminative stimulus effects. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Antinociception induced by I2 receptor agonists was mediated by serotonergic and noradrenergic mechanisms with 5-HT1A , 5-HT2A and α1 -adrenoceptor being particularly important. In contrast, the hypothermic and discriminative stimulus effects of I2 receptor agonists were mediated by distinct, independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin N Siemian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kaixuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Jun-Xu Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.,School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
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529
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Szpakowska M, Nevins AM, Meyrath M, Rhainds D, D'huys T, Guité-Vinet F, Dupuis N, Gauthier PA, Counson M, Kleist A, St-Onge G, Hanson J, Schols D, Volkman BF, Heveker N, Chevigné A. Different contributions of chemokine N-terminal features attest to a different ligand binding mode and a bias towards activation of ACKR3/CXCR7 compared with CXCR4 and CXCR3. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1419-1438. [PMID: 29272550 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chemokines and their receptors form an intricate interaction and signalling network that plays critical roles in various physiological and pathological cellular processes. The high promiscuity and apparent redundancy of this network makes probing individual chemokine/receptor interactions and functional effects, as well as targeting individual receptor axes for therapeutic applications, challenging. Despite poor sequence identity, the N-terminal regions of chemokines, which play a key role in their activity and selectivity, contain several conserved features. Thus far little is known regarding the molecular basis of their interactions with typical and atypical chemokine receptors or the conservation of their contributions across chemokine-receptor pairs. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We used a broad panel of chemokine variants and modified peptides derived from the N-terminal region of chemokines CXCL12, CXCL11 and vCCL2, to compare the contributions of various features to binding and activation of their shared receptors, the two typical, canonical G protein-signalling receptors, CXCR4 and CXCR3, as well as the atypical scavenger receptor CXCR7/ACKR3, which shows exclusively arrestin-dependent activity. KEY RESULTS We provide molecular insights into the plasticity of the ligand-binding pockets of these receptors, their chemokine binding modes and their activation mechanisms. Although the chemokine N-terminal region is a critical determinant, neither the most proximal residues nor the N-loop are essential for binding and activation of ACKR3, as distinct from binding and activation of CXCR4 and CXCR3. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These results suggest a different interaction mechanism between this atypical receptor and its ligands and illustrate its strong propensity to activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Szpakowska
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Immuno-Pharmacology and Interactomics, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Amanda M Nevins
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Max Meyrath
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Immuno-Pharmacology and Interactomics, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - David Rhainds
- Research Centre, Saint-Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas D'huys
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - François Guité-Vinet
- Research Centre, Saint-Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Nadine Dupuis
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre-Arnaud Gauthier
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Immuno-Pharmacology and Interactomics, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Manuel Counson
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Immuno-Pharmacology and Interactomics, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Andrew Kleist
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Geneviève St-Onge
- Research Centre, Saint-Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Julien Hanson
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Dominique Schols
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Brian F Volkman
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Nikolaus Heveker
- Research Centre, Saint-Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Andy Chevigné
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Immuno-Pharmacology and Interactomics, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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530
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Ma C, Zhang W, Yang X, Liu Y, Liu L, Feng K, Zhang X, Yang S, Sun L, Yu M, Yang J, Li X, Hu W, Miao RQ, Zhu Y, Li L, Han J, Chen Y, Duan Y. Functional interplay between liver X receptor and AMP-activated protein kinase α inhibits atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice - a new anti-atherogenic strategy. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1486-1503. [PMID: 29394501 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The liver X receptor (LXR) agonist T317 reduces atherosclerosis but induces fatty liver. Metformin activates energy metabolism by activating AMPKα. In this study, we determined if interactions between metformin and T317 could inhibit atherosclerosis without activation of hepatic lipogenesis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice were treated with T317, metformin or both agents, in a high-fat diet for 16 weeks. Then, samples of aorta, liver, macrophage and serum were collected to determine atherosclerotic lesions, fatty liver, lipid profiles and expression of related proteins. Techniques used included immunohistochemistry, histology, qRT-PCR and Western blot. KEY RESULTS T317 inhibited en face and aortic root sinus lesions, and the inhibition was further enhanced by addition of metformin. Co-treatment with metformin and T317 increased lesion stability, by increasing collagen content, and reducing necrotic cores and calcification. Formation of macrophages/foam cells and their accumulation in arterial wall were inhibited by the co-treatment, which was accompanied by increased ABCA1/ABCG1 expression, reduced monocyte adhesion and apparent local proliferation of macrophages. Metformin blocked T317-induced fatty liver by inhibiting T317-induced hepatic LXRα nuclear translocation and expression of lipogenic genes and by activating AMPKα. Moreover, co-treatment with T317 and metformin improved triglyceride metabolism by inducing expression of adipose triglyceride lipase, hormone-sensitive lipase, PPARα and carnitine acetyltransferase and by inhibiting acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 expression. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Co-treatment with T317 and metformin inhibited the development of atherosclerosis without activation of lipogenesis, suggesting that combined treatment with T317 and metformin may be a novel approach to inhibition of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanrui Ma
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.,College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lipei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ke Feng
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shu Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Miao Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoju Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenquan Hu
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Robert Q Miao
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Yan Zhu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Luyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jihong Han
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.,College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanli Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yajun Duan
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.,College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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531
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van der Vliet A, Danyal K, Heppner DE. Dual oxidase: a novel therapeutic target in allergic disease. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1401-1418. [PMID: 29405261 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidases (NOXs) represent a family of enzymes that mediate regulated cellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and play various functional roles in physiology. Among the NOX family, the dual oxidases DUOX1 and DUOX2 are prominently expressed in epithelial cell types at mucosal surfaces and have therefore been considered to have important roles in innate host defence pathways. Recent studies have revealed important insights into the host defence mechanisms of DUOX enzymes, which control innate immune response pathways in response to either microbial or allergic triggers. In this review, we discuss the current level of understanding with respect to the biological role(s) of DUOX enzymes and the unique role of DUOX1 in mediating innate immune responses to epithelial injury and allergens and in the development of allergic disease. These novel findings highlight DUOX1 as an attractive therapeutic target, and opportunities for the development of selective inhibitor strategies will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert van der Vliet
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.,Vermont Lung Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Karamatullah Danyal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.,Vermont Lung Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - David E Heppner
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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532
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Vilela AFL, Seidl C, Lima JM, Cardoso CL. An improved immobilized enzyme reactor-mass spectrometry-based label free assay for butyrylcholinesterase ligand screening. Anal Biochem 2018; 549:53-57. [PMID: 29550345 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) are key cholinesterase enzymes responsible for the hydrolysis of acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid, an essential process for the restoration of the cholinergic neuron. The loss of cholinergic function in the central nervous system contributes to the cognitive decline associated with advanced age and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Inhibitions assays represent a significant role in the drug discovery process. Herein, we describe an improved label free method to screen and characterize new BChE ligands. The liquid chromatography system uses an immobilized capillary enzyme reactor (ICER) as a low affinity and high selectivity column coupled to a mass spectrometer (MS). The enzyme activity was evaluated by monitoring the choline's precursor ion [M + H]+m/z 104 for a brief period. The method was validated using two known cholinesterase inhibitors tacrine and galanthamine. The IC50 values were 0.03 ± 0.006 μM and 0.88 ± 0.2 for tacrine and galanthamine respectively, and Ki was 0.11 ± 0.2 for galanthamine. The efficient combination of the huBChE-ICER with sensitive enzymatic assay detection such as MS, improved the reliable, fast identification of new ligands. Moreover, specific direct quantitation of the product contributes to the reduction of false positive and negative results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Ferreira Lopes Vilela
- Departamento de Química, Grupo de Cromatografia de Bioafinidade e Produtos Naturais, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Seidl
- Departamento de Química, Grupo de Cromatografia de Bioafinidade e Produtos Naturais, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Maria Lima
- Departamento de Química, Grupo de Cromatografia de Bioafinidade e Produtos Naturais, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Carmen Lúcia Cardoso
- Departamento de Química, Grupo de Cromatografia de Bioafinidade e Produtos Naturais, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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533
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Dong YH, Chang CH, Wu LC, Hwang JS, Toh S. Comparative cardiovascular safety of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with hypertension: a population-based cohort study. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 84:1045-1056. [PMID: 29468706 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Previous studies have suggested that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be associated with higher cardiovascular risks. However, few have been active comparison studies that directly assessed the potential differential cardiovascular risk between NSAID classes or across individual NSAIDs. We compared the risk of major cardiovascular events between cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2)-selective and nonselective NSAIDs in patients with hypertension. METHODS We conducted a cohort study of patients with hypertension who initiated COX-2-selective or nonselective NSAIDs in a population-based Taiwanese database. The outcomes included hospitalization for the following major cardiovascular events: ischaemic stroke, acute myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, transient ischaemic attack, unstable angina or coronary revascularization. We followed patients for up to 4 weeks, based on the as-treated principle. We used inverse probability weighting to control for baseline and time-varying covariates, and estimated the on-treatment hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% conservative confidence interval (CIs). RESULTS We identified 2749 eligible COX-2-selective NSAID users and 52 880 eligible nonselective NSAID users. The HR of major cardiovascular events comparing COX-2-selective with nonselective NSAIDs after adjusting for baseline and time-varying covariates was 1.07 (95% CI 0.65, 1.74). We did not observe a differential risk when comparing celecoxib to diclofenac (HR 1.17; 95% CI 0.61, 2.25), ibuprofen (HR 1.36; 95% CI 0.58, 3.18) or naproxen (HR 0.75; 95% CI 0.23, 2.44). There was an increased risk with COX-2-selective NSAIDs, however, when comparing COX-2-selective NSAIDs with mefenamic acid (HR 2.11; 95% CI 1.09, 4.09). CONCLUSIONS Our results provide important information about the comparative cardiovascular safety of NSAIDs in patients with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaa-Hui Dong
- Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsuin Chang
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chiu Wu
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Shiang Hwang
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Sengwee Toh
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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534
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Zhao W, Leroux S, Biran V, Jacqz-Aigrain E. Developmental pharmacogenetics of CYP2C19 in neonates and young infants: omeprazole as a probe drug. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 84:997-1005. [PMID: 29377228 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Although substantial progress has been made in understanding of ontogeny of drug metabolism, there is still a gap of knowledge in developmental pharmacogenetics in neonates. We hypothesized that both age and pharmacogenetics might explain the developmental pattern of CYP2C19. We conducted a population pharmacokinetic-pharmacogenetic study to quantify the developmental pharmacogenetics of CYP2C19 in neonates and young infants using omeprazole as a probe drug. METHODS Pharmacokinetic samples were collected from 51 Caucasian neonates and young infants, who were receiving omeprazole treatment. Population pharmacokinetic-pharmacogenetic analysis of omeprazole and its metabolites was performed using NONMEM. RESULTS Data fitted a one-compartment parent and metabolite model with first-order absorption and elimination. CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 are predominantly involved in the metabolism of omeprazole despite their relatively low activities compared to adults. The clearance of omeprazole converted to 5-hydroxy-omeprazole (CLOMZ-M1 ) increases with postnatal age. In CYP2C19 poor and intermediate metabolizers, model-predicted CLOMZ-M1 are 12.5% (5-95% percentile: 3-14.9%) and 44.9% (5-95% percentile: 29.9-72.6%) of the value in extensive/ultrarapid metabolizer, respectively. Model-predicted absorption rate constant of omeprazole is 6.93 (5-95% percentile: 3.01-14.61) times higher in ABCB1 homozygous mutant patients, 1.86 (5-95% percentile: 0.86-3.47) times higher in ABCB1 heterozygous patients than that in ABCB1 homozygous wild-type patients. CONCLUSIONS Developmental pharmacogenetics of CYP2C19 was quantitatively described in neonates and young infants using omeprazole as a probe drug. Our findings emphasize the importance of semiphysiological developmental pharmacokinetic modelling approach when evaluating developmental pharmacogenetics of drugs with multiple routes of biotransformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Paediatric Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Leroux
- Department of Paediatric Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Department of Neonatology, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Valérie Biran
- Department of Neonatology, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publiqqiue - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Evelyne Jacqz-Aigrain
- Department of Paediatric Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Clinical Investigation Center CIC1426, INSERM, Paris, France.,EA7323, University Paris Diderot - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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535
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Li X, Zhang Y, Jin Q, Xia KL, Jiang M, Cui BW, Wu YL, Song SZ, Lian LH, Nan JX. Liver kinase B1/AMP-activated protein kinase-mediated regulation by gentiopicroside ameliorates P2X7 receptor-dependent alcoholic hepatosteatosis. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1451-1470. [PMID: 29338075 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Regulating P2X7 receptor-mediated activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes could be a therapeutic strategy to treat alcoholic hepatosteatosis. We investigated whether this process was modulated by gentiopicroside, the main active secoiridoid glycoside from Gentiana manshurica Kitagawa. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In vivo models of acute and chronic alcoholic hepatosteatosis were established by intragastrically administered ethanol or using chronic plus binge ethanol feeding of Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet to male C57BL/6 mice. In vitro, HepG2 cells were treated with ethanol. RAW 264.7 macrophages and murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were stimulated with LPS and ATP. KEY RESULTS In both the acute and chronic alcohol-induced mouse hepatosteatosis models, gentiopicroside decreased serum aminotransferases and triglyceride accumulation. Up-regulated SREBP1, down-regulated PPARα and phosphorylated acetyl-CoA carboxylase caused by acute and chronic alcohol feeding were modulated by gentiopicroside, through the elevation of LKB1 and AMPK. Suppression of P2X7 receptor-NLRP3 activation by gentiopicroside inhibited IL-1β production. In ethanol-exposed HepG2 cells, gentiopicroside reduced lipogenesis and promoted lipid oxidation via activation of P2X7 receptor-NLRP3 inflammasomes. Genetic or pharmacological blockade of P2X7 receptors enhanced AMPK activity and reduced SREBP1 expression in ethanol-treated HepG2 cells. Gentiopicroside down-regulated P2X7 receptor-mediated inflammatory responses in LPS/ATP-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and BMDMs. IL-1β from macrophages accelerated lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. Depleting macrophages by clodronate liposomes ameliorated alcoholic hepatosteatosis, and it was further alleviated by gentiopicroside. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Activation of LKB1/AMPK signalling by gentiopicroside was mediated by the P2X7 receptor-NLRP3 inflammasome, suggesting the therapeutic value of blocking P2X7 receptors in the treatment of alcoholic hepatosteatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, 133002, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, 133002, China
| | - Quan Jin
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, 133002, China
| | - Kai-Li Xia
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, 133002, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, 133002, China
| | - Ben-Wen Cui
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, 133002, China
| | - Yan-Ling Wu
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, 133002, China
| | - Shun-Zong Song
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, 133002, China
| | - Li-Hua Lian
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, 133002, China
| | - Ji-Xing Nan
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, 133002, China.,Clinical Research Center, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin Province, 133002, China
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536
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Venturi E, Lindsay C, Lotteau S, Yang Z, Steer E, Witschas K, Wilson AD, Wickens JR, Russell AJ, Steele D, Calaghan S, Sitsapesan R. Simvastatin activates single skeletal RyR1 channels but exerts more complex regulation of the cardiac RyR2 isoform. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:938-952. [PMID: 29278865 PMCID: PMC5825303 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Statins are amongst the most widely prescribed drugs for those at risk of cardiovascular disease, lowering cholesterol levels by inhibiting 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase. Although effective at preventing cardiovascular disease, statin use is associated with muscle weakness, myopathies and, occasionally, fatal rhabdomyolysis. As simvastatin, a commonly prescribed statin, promotes Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) vesicles, we investigated if simvastatin directly activates skeletal (RyR1) and cardiac (RyR2) ryanodine receptors. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH RyR1 and RyR2 single-channel behaviour was investigated after incorporation of sheep cardiac or mouse skeletal SR into planar phospholipid bilayers under voltage-clamp conditions. LC-MS was used to monitor the kinetics of interconversion of simvastatin between hydroxy-acid and lactone forms during these experiments. Cardiac and skeletal myocytes were permeabilised to examine simvastatin modulation of SR Ca2+ release. KEY RESULTS Hydroxy acid simvastatin (active at HMG-CoA reductase) significantly and reversibly increased RyR1 open probability (Po) and shifted the distribution of Ca2+ spark frequency towards higher values in skeletal fibres. In contrast, simvastatin reduced RyR2 Po and shifted the distribution of spark frequency towards lower values in ventricular cardiomyocytes. The lactone pro-drug form of simvastatin (inactive at HMG-CoA reductase) also activated RyR1, suggesting that the HMG-CoA inhibitor pharmacophore was not responsible for RyR1 activation. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Simvastatin interacts with RyR1 to increase SR Ca2+ release and thus may contribute to its reported adverse effects on skeletal muscle. The ability of low concentrations of simvastatin to reduce RyR2 Po may also protect against Ca2+ -dependent arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Venturi
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Chris Lindsay
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | | | - Zhaokang Yang
- School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Emma Steer
- School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | | | | | - James R Wickens
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Angela J Russell
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Derek Steele
- School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
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537
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Tankiewicz‐Kwedlo A, Hermanowicz JM, Domaniewski T, Pawlak K, Rusak M, Pryczynicz A, Surazynski A, Kaminski T, Kazberuk A, Pawlak D. Simultaneous use of erythropoietin and LFM-A13 as a new therapeutic approach for colorectal cancer. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:743-762. [PMID: 29160911 PMCID: PMC5811618 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase involved in the activation of signalling pathways responsible for cell maturation and viability. Btk has previously been reported to be overexpressed in colon cancers. This kind of cancer is often accompanied by anaemia, which is treated with an erythropoietin supplement. The goal of the present study was to assess the effects of combination therapy with erythropoietin β (Epo) and LFM-A13 (Btk inhibitor) on colon cancer in in vitro and in vivo models. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH DLD-1 and HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells were cultured with Epo and LFM-A13. Cell number and viability, and mRNA and protein levels of Epo receptors, Btk and Akt were assessed. Nude mice were inoculated with adenocarcinoma cells and treated with Epo and LFM-A13. KEY RESULTS The combination of Epo and LFM-A13 mostly exerted a synergistic inhibitory effect on colon cancer cell growth. The therapeutic scheme used effectively killed the cancer cells and attenuated the Btk signalling pathways. Epo + LFM-A13 also prevented the normal process of microtubule assembly during mitosis by down-regulating the expression of Polo-like kinase 1. The combination of Epo and LFM-A13 significantly reduced the growth rate of tumour cells, while it showed high safety profile, inducing no nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity or changes in the haematological parameters. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Epo significantly enhances the antitumour activity of LFM-A13, indicating that a combination of Epo and LFM-A13 has potential as an effective therapeutic approach for patients with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Justyna Magdalena Hermanowicz
- Department of PharmacodynamicsMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
- Department of Clinical PharmacyMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
| | - Tomasz Domaniewski
- Department of Monitored PharmacotherapyMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
| | - Krystyna Pawlak
- Department of Monitored PharmacotherapyMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
| | - Małgorzata Rusak
- Department of Hematological DiagnosticsMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
| | - Anna Pryczynicz
- Department of PathomorphologyMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
| | | | - Tomasz Kaminski
- Department of PharmacodynamicsMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
| | - Adam Kazberuk
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
| | - Dariusz Pawlak
- Department of PharmacodynamicsMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
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538
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Behera SK, Xavier AS, Selvarajan S, Munuswamy H, Haridasan S, Srinivas BH. Acenocoumarol as an alternative anticoagulant in a patient with warfarin-related nephropathy. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 84:1068-1071. [PMID: 29424022 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
ADVERSE EVENT Warfarin-related nephropathy. DRUG IMPLICATED Warfarin. THE PATIENT A 31-year-old female, managed with warfarin for rheumatic heart disease with atrial fibrillation. EVIDENCE THAT LINKS THE DRUG TO THE EVENT There were no alternative causes of nephropathy that could have caused the adverse event in this patient. MANAGEMENT Shifting the drug from warfarin to acenocoumarol. MECHANISM Difference in renal elimination between warfarin and acenocoumarol. IMPLICATION FOR THERAPY Clinicians should be aware of this rare adverse effect of warfarin, and acenocoumarol can be considered as an alternative therapy for this condition. HYPOTHESES TO BE TESTED Further prospectively designed studies are needed to consider acenocoumarol as an alternative therapy in warfarin-related nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapan Kumar Behera
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Alphienes Stanley Xavier
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Hemachandren Munuswamy
- Department of Cardiothoracic & Vascular Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Satish Haridasan
- Department of Nephrology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Bheemanathi Hanuman Srinivas
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
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539
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Jha A, Ryu MH, Oo O, Bews HJ, Carlson JC, Schwartz J, Basu S, Wong CS, Halayko AJ. Prophylactic benefits of systemically delivered simvastatin treatment in a house dust mite challenged murine model of allergic asthma. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1004-1016. [PMID: 29318574 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Systemically delivered statins can blunt airway inflammation in ovalbumin-challenged mice. However, in asthma clinical trials the beneficial effects of introducing oral statins are not compelling. We have invetigated this discrepancy using a clinically relevant murine model of allergic asthma, and by including a prophylactic study arm. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Adult mice were: 1) challenged with house dust mite (HDM) alone or with subcutaneous (s.c.) simvastatin for two weeks; or 2) also treated with simvastatin for one week prior to HDM challenge. We assayed lung function, inflammatory cell influx and cytokine profile, goblet cell abundance, and simvastatin concentration in serum, lung lavage and tissue. KEY RESULTS Ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry revealed that pharmacologically active simvastatin reached peak serum concentration after 8 h, but declined rapidly. Prophylactic treatment doubled peak serum simvastatin and repeated s.c. delivery established stable serum levels, but simvastatin was undetectable in the lungs. Both simvastatin treatment arms suppressed indices of HDM-induced airway inflammation and goblet cell hyperplasia, but this was significantly greater with prophylactic therapy, in particular, inhibition of neutrophil and eosinophil influx, and cytokine accumulation. Conversely, neither acute nor prophylactic delivery of simvastatin prevented HDM challenge-induced airway hyperreactivity. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Systemically administered simvastatin accumulates in the blood, but not in lung tissues, and reduces leukocyte influx and associated lung inflammation. Prophylactic therapy has the greatest anti-inflammatory effects, but as observed in human clinical trials, systemic simvastatin therapy does not prevent allergic airway hyperreactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruni Jha
- Departments of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Biology of Breathing Group, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Canadian Respiratory Research Network, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Min H Ryu
- Departments of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Biology of Breathing Group, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Canadian Respiratory Research Network, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ojo Oo
- Departments of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Biology of Breathing Group, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Hilary J Bews
- Richardson College for the Environment, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jules C Carlson
- Richardson College for the Environment, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jacquie Schwartz
- Departments of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Biology of Breathing Group, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Sujata Basu
- Departments of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Biology of Breathing Group, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Charles S Wong
- Biology of Breathing Group, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Richardson College for the Environment, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Andrew J Halayko
- Departments of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Biology of Breathing Group, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Canadian Respiratory Research Network, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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540
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Deljehier T, Pariente A, Miremont-Salamé G, Haramburu F, Nguyen L, Rubin S, Rigothier C, Théophile H. Rhabdomyolysis after co-administration of a statin and fusidic acid: an analysis of the literature and of the WHO database of adverse drug reactions. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 84:1057-1063. [PMID: 29337401 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Following a severe case of rhabdomyolysis in our University Hospital after a co-administration of atorvastatin and fusidic acid, we describe this interaction as this combination is not clearly contraindicated in some countries, particularly for long-term treatment by fusidic acid. All cases of rhabdomyolysis during a co-administration of a statin and fusidic acid were identified in the literature and in the World and Health Organization database, VigiBase® . In the literature, 29 cases of rhabdomyolysis were identified; mean age was 66 years, median duration of co-administration before rhabdomyolysis occurrence was 21 days, 28% of cases were fatal. In the VigiBase® , 182 cases were retrieved; mean age was 68 years, median duration of co-administration before rhabdomyolysis was 31 days and 24% of cases were fatal. Owing to the high fatality associated with this co-administration and the long duration of treatment before rhabdomyolysis occurrence, fusidic acid should be used if there is no appropriate alternative, as long as statin therapy is interrupted for the duration of fusidic acid therapy, and perhaps a week longer. Rarely will interruption of this sort have adverse consequences for the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Deljehier
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Regional Pharmacovigilance Centre, CHU Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.,University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Antoine Pariente
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Regional Pharmacovigilance Centre, CHU Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.,University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,team Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Ghada Miremont-Salamé
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Regional Pharmacovigilance Centre, CHU Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.,team Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Françoise Haramburu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Regional Pharmacovigilance Centre, CHU Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.,team Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Linh Nguyen
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Department of Nephrology, Transplantation, Dialysis and Apheresis, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, BioTis, UMR 1026, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sébastien Rubin
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Department of Nephrology, Transplantation, Dialysis and Apheresis, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, BioTis, UMR 1026, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Claire Rigothier
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Department of Nephrology, Transplantation, Dialysis and Apheresis, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, BioTis, UMR 1026, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Hélène Théophile
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Regional Pharmacovigilance Centre, CHU Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
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541
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Campbell EJ, Marchant NJ. The use of chemogenetics in behavioural neuroscience: receptor variants, targeting approaches and caveats. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:994-1003. [PMID: 29338070 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The last decade has seen major advances in neuroscience tools allowing us to selectively modulate cellular pathways in freely moving animals. Chemogenetic approaches such as designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) permit the remote control of neuronal function by systemic drug administration. These approaches have dramatically advanced our understanding of the neural control of behaviour. Here, we review the different techniques and genetic approaches available for the restriction of chemogenetic receptors to defined neuronal populations. We highlight the use of a dual virus approach to target specific circuitries and the effectiveness of different routes of administration of designer drugs. Finally, we discuss the potential caveats associated with DREADDs including off-target effects of designer drugs, the effects of chronic chemogenetic receptor activation and the issue of collateral projections associated with DREADD activation and inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin J Campbell
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Nathan J Marchant
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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542
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Huang AY, Wu SY. Substance P as a putative efferent transmitter mediates GABAergic inhibition in mouse taste buds. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1039-1053. [PMID: 29328505 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Capsaicin-mediated modulation of taste nerve responses is thought to be produced indirectly by the actions of neuropeptides, for example, CGRP and substance P (SP), on taste cells implying they play a role in taste sensitivity. During the processing of gustatory information in taste buds, CGRP shapes peripheral taste signals via serotonergic signalling. The underlying assumption has been that SP exerts its effects on taste transmitter secretion in taste buds of mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH To test this assumption, we investigated the net effect of SP on taste-evoked ATP secretion from mouse taste buds, using functional calcium imaging with CHO cells expressing high-affinity transmitter receptors as cellular biosensors. KEY RESULTS Our results showed that SP elicited PLC activation-dependent intracellular Ca2+ transients in taste cells via neurokinin 1 receptors, most likely on glutamate-aspartate transporter-expressing Type I cells. Furthermore, SP caused Type I cells to secrete GABA. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Combined with the recent findings that GABA depresses taste-evoked ATP secretion, the current results indicate that SP elicited secretion of GABA, which provided negative feedback onto Type II (receptor) cells to reduce taste-evoked ATP secretion. These findings are consistent with a role for SP as an inhibitory transmitter that shapes the peripheral taste signals, via GABAergic signalling, during the processing of gustatory information in taste buds. Notably, the results suggest that SP is intimately associated with GABA in mammalian taste signal processing and demonstrate an unanticipated route for sensory information flow within the taste bud.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Y Huang
- Department of Anatomy, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, USA.,Center for Integrated Research in Cognitive and Neural Science, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Sandy Y Wu
- Department of Anatomy, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, USA
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543
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Liu J, Bihler H, Farinha CM, Awatade NT, Romão AM, Mercadante D, Cheng Y, Musisi I, Jantarajit W, Wang Y, Cai Z, Amaral MD, Mense M, Sheppard DN. Partial rescue of F508del-cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator channel gating with modest improvement of protein processing, but not stability, by a dual-acting small molecule. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1017-1038. [PMID: 29318594 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Rescue of F508del-cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), the most common CF mutation, requires small molecules that overcome protein processing, stability and channel gating defects. Here, we investigate F508del-CFTR rescue by CFFT-004, a small molecule designed to independently correct protein processing and channel gating defects. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Using CFTR-expressing recombinant cells and CF patient-derived bronchial epithelial cells, we studied CFTR expression by Western blotting and channel gating and stability with the patch-clamp and Ussing chamber techniques. KEY RESULTS Chronic treatment with CFFT-004 improved modestly F508del-CFTR processing, but not its plasma membrane stability. By contrast, CFFT-004 rescued F508del-CFTR channel gating better than C18, an analogue of the clinically used CFTR corrector lumacaftor. Subsequent acute addition of CFFT-004, but not C18, potentiated F508del-CFTR channel gating. However, CFFT-004 was without effect on A561E-CFTR, a CF mutation with a comparable mechanism of CFTR dysfunction as F508del-CFTR. To investigate the mechanism of action of CFFT-004, we used F508del-CFTR revertant mutations. Potentiation by CFFT-004 was unaffected by revertant mutations, but correction was abolished by the revertant mutation G550E. These data suggest that correction, but not potentiation, by CFFT-004 might involve nucleotide-binding domain 1 of CFTR. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS CFFT-004 is a dual-acting small molecule with independent corrector and potentiator activities that partially rescues F508del-CFTR in recombinant cells and native airway epithelia. The limited efficacy and potency of CFFT-004 suggests that combinations of small molecules targeting different defects in F508del-CFTR might be a more effective therapeutic strategy than a single agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Hermann Bihler
- Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Therapeutics, Lexington, MA, USA
| | - Carlos M Farinha
- Faculty of Sciences, BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nikhil T Awatade
- Faculty of Sciences, BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana M Romão
- Faculty of Sciences, BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Yi Cheng
- Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Therapeutics, Lexington, MA, USA
| | - Isaac Musisi
- Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Therapeutics, Lexington, MA, USA
| | - Walailak Jantarajit
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Center of Calcium and Bone Research and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yiting Wang
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Zhiwei Cai
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Margarida D Amaral
- Faculty of Sciences, BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Martin Mense
- Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Therapeutics, Lexington, MA, USA
| | - David N Sheppard
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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544
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Neuhoff S, Tucker GT. Was 4β-hydroxycholesterol ever going to be a useful marker of CYP3A4 activity? Br J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 84:1620-1621. [PMID: 29464732 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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545
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Marra F, Höner Zu Siederdissen C, Khoo S, Back D, Schlag M, Ouwerkerk-Mahadevan S, Bicer C, Lonjon-Domanec I, Jessner W, Beumont-Mauviel M, Kalmeijer R, Cornberg M. Clinical impact of pharmacokinetic interactions between the HCV protease inhibitor simeprevir and frequently used concomitant medications. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 84:961-971. [PMID: 29345798 PMCID: PMC5903235 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) for the treatment of hepatitis C (HCV) can be associated with drug-drug interactions (DDIs) with concomitant medications. The practical clinical implications of such DDIs are poorly understood. We assessed the clinical impact of possible pharmacokinetic (PK) interactions between simeprevir and frequently prescribed concomitant medications. METHODS This post hoc analysis pooled data from nine studies which evaluated simeprevir (SMV)-based interferon-free HCV treatment. Three classes of frequently used concomitant medications of interest (CMOIs) were analysed [antihypertensive drugs (AHDs), anxiolytic drugs (AXDs) and lipid-lowering drugs (LLDs)] and categorized as amber or green according to their DDI potential with SMV (green: no DDIs; amber: potential/known PK interactions). Concomitant medications not recommended to be coadministered with SMV were not included. The composite primary endpoint was defined as the frequency of either discontinuation, interruption or dose modification of the CMOI during 12 weeks of SMV treatment. RESULTS Few patients met the composite endpoint in the various subgroups. Patients on amber CMOIs tended to experience CMOI modification more often (13.4-19.4%) than those on green CMOIs (3.1-10.8%). There was no difference in the frequency of adverse events between patients taking green and those taking amber CMOIs. CONCLUSIONS In this large pooled analysis, coadministration of the evaluated commonly prescribed medications with known or potential PK interactions with SMV was manageable and resulted in few adjustments of concomitant medications. Our method could serve as a blueprint for the evaluation of the impact of DDIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Marra
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - Christoph Höner Zu Siederdissen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Saye Khoo
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - David Back
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - Michael Schlag
- Janssen Cilag Pharma GmbH, EMEA Medical Affairs, Vorgartenstraße 206B, 1020, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Ceyhun Bicer
- BICER Consulting & Research, Oosterveldlaan 12 A, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Ronald Kalmeijer
- Janssen Global Services LLC, 1125 Trenton-Harbourton Road, Titusville, NJ, 08560, USA
| | - Markus Cornberg
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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546
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Lu Y, Kim NM, Jiang YW, Zhang H, Zheng D, Zhu FX, Liang R, Li B, Xu HX. Cambogin suppresses dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis by enhancing Treg cell stability and function. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1085-1099. [PMID: 29352742 PMCID: PMC5843713 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, and an impaired immune response plays a critical role in IBD. The current drugs and therapies for IBD treatment are of limited use, therefore, there is a need to find novel drugs or therapies for this disease. We investigated the effect of cambogin in a mouse model of dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)‐induced colitis and whether cambogin attenuates inflammation via a Treg‐cell‐mediated effect on the immune response. Experimental Approach Chronic colitis was established in mice using 2% DSS, and cambogin (10 mg·kg−1, p.o.) was administered for 10 days. Body weight, colon length and colon histology were assessed. Cytokine production was measured using elisa and quantitative real‐time PCR. To evaluate the mechanism of cambogin, human CD4+CD25hiCD127lo Treg cells were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Major signalling profiles involved in Treg cell stability were measured. Key Results Cambogin attenuated diarrhoea, colon shortening and colon histological injury and IL‐6, IFN‐γ and TNF‐α production in DSS‐treated mice. Cambogin also up‐regulated Treg cell numbers in both the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes. Furthermore, cambogin (10 μM) prevented Foxp3 loss in human primary Treg cells in vitro, and promoted USP7‐mediated Foxp3 deubiquitination and increased Foxp3 protein expression in LPS‐treated cells. Conclusions and Implications The effect of cambogin on DSS‐induced colitis is expedited by a Treg‐cell‐mediated modification of the immune response, suggesting that cambogin could be applied as a novel agent for treating colitis and other Treg cell‐related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Na-Mi Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Wen Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fu-Xiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Unit of Molecular Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Unit of Molecular Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Li
- Unit of Molecular Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Xi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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547
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Ayalasomayajula S, Schuehly U, Pal P, Chen F, Zhou W, Sunkara G, Langenickel TH. Effect of the angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor sacubitril/valsartan on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a single dose of furosemide. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 84:926-936. [PMID: 29318651 PMCID: PMC5903241 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Sacubitril/valsartan is indicated for the treatment of heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Furosemide, a loop diuretic commonly used for the treatment of HFrEF, may be coadministered with sacubitril/valsartan in clinical practice. The effect of sacubitril/valsartan on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of furosemide was evaluated in this open label, two‐period, single‐sequence study in healthy subjects. Methods All subjects (n = 28) received 40 mg oral single‐dose furosemide during period 1, followed by a washout of 2 days. In period 2, sacubitril/valsartan 200 mg (97/103 mg) was administered twice daily for 5 days and a single dose of 40 mg furosemide was coadministered on day 6. Serial plasma and urine samples were collected to determine the pharmacokinetics of furosemide and sacubitril/valsartan and the pharmacodynamics of furosemide. The point estimates and the associated 90% confidence intervals for pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated. Results Coadministration of furosemide with sacubitril/valsartan decreased the maximum observed plasma concentration (Cmax) [estimated geometric mean ratio (90% confidence interval): 0.50 (0.44, 0.56)], area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) from time 0 to infinity [0.72 (0.67, 0.77)] and 24‐h urinary excretion of furosemide [0.74 (0.69, 0.79)]. When coadministered with sacubitril/valsartan, 0–4‐h, 4–8‐h and 0–24‐h diuresis in response to furosemide was reduced by ~7%, 21% and 0.2%, respectively, while natriuresis was reduced by ~ 28.5%, 7% and 15%, respectively. Post hoc analysis of the pivotal phase III Prospective comparison of ARNI with ACEI to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and morbidity in Heart Failure trial (PARADIGM‐HF) indicated that the median furosemide dose was similar at baseline and at the end of the study in the sacubitril/valsartan group. Conclusions Sacubitril/valsartan reduced plasma Cmax and AUC and 24‐h urinary excretion of furosemide, while not significantly affecting its pharmacodynamic effects in healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Uwe Schuehly
- Translational Medicine, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Parasar Pal
- Biostatistical Sciences, Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India
| | - Fabian Chen
- Clinical Development, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | | | - Thomas H Langenickel
- Translational Medicine, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
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548
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Zhou CH, Shi ZL, Meng JH, Hu B, Zhao CC, Yang YT, Yu W, Chen ZX, Heng BC, Parkman VJA, Jiang S, Zhu HX, Wu HB, Shen WL, Yan SG. Sophocarpine attenuates wear particle-induced implant loosening by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption via suppression of the NF-κB signalling pathway in a rat model. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:859-876. [PMID: 29130485 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Aseptic prosthesis loosening, caused by wear particles, is one of the most common causes of arthroplasty failure. Extensive and over-activated osteoclast formation and physiological functioning are regarded as the mechanism of prosthesis loosening. Therapeutic modalities based on inhibiting osteoclast formation and bone resorption have been confirmed to be an effective way of preventing aseptic prosthesis loosening. In this study, we have investigated the effects of sophocarpine (SPC, derived from Sophora flavescens) on preventing implant loosening and further explored the underlying mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effects of SPC in inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption were evaluated in osteoclast formation, induced in vitro by the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL). A rat femoral particle-induced peri-implant osteolysis model was established. Subsequently, micro-CT, histology, mechanical testing and bone turnover were used to assess the effects of SPC in preventing implant loosening. KEY RESULTS In vitro, we found that SPC suppressed osteoclast formation, bone resorption, F-actin ring formation and osteoclast-associated gene expression by inhibiting NF-κB signalling, specifically by targeting IκB kinases. Our in vivo study showed that SPC prevented particle-induced prosthesis loosening by inhibiting osteoclast formation, resulting in reduced periprosthetic bone loss, diminished pseudomembrane formation, improved bone-implant contact, reduced bone resorption-related turnover and enhanced stability of implants. Inhibition of NF-κB signalling by SPC was confirmed in vivo. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS SPC can prevent implant loosening through inhibiting osteoclast formation and bone resorption. Thus, SPC might be a novel therapeutic agent to prevent prosthesis loosening and for osteolytic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-He Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhong-Li Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Hong Meng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen-Chen Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Te Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Xin Chen
- Center of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Department of Science and Education, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Boon Chin Heng
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | | | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Han-Xiao Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao-Bo Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Liang Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Gui Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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549
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Tilija Pun N, Park PH. Adiponectin inhibits inflammatory cytokines production by Beclin-1 phosphorylation and B-cell lymphoma 2 mRNA destabilization: role for autophagy induction. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1066-1084. [PMID: 29333604 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Adiponectin potently suppresses inflammatory mediator production. Autophagy is known to play a critical role in the modulation of inflammatory responses by adiponectin. However, the underlying mechanisms are not clearly understood. Interaction between Beclin-1 and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) is a critical event in autophagy induction. We examined the effects of globular adiponectin (gAcrp) on the Beclin-1/Bcl-2 association and its underlying mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effect of gAcrp on the interaction between Beclin-1 and Bcl-2 was examined by immunoprecipitation followed by Western blotting. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we determined the effects of gAcrp on Beclin-1 phosphorylation and Bcl-2 mRNA stability, and investigated their role in the suppression of inflammatory mediators using pharmacological inhibitors and transient target gene knockdown. KEY RESULTS Globular adiponectin disrupted the association between Beclin-1 and Bcl-2 and increased Beclin-1 phosphorylation at Thr119 , critical residue for binding with Bcl-2, via a death-associated protein kinase-1 (DAPK1)-dependent mechanism. Moreover, gAcrp reduced Bcl-2 expression via Bcl-2 mRNA destabilization, without significantly affecting Bcl-2 promoter activity and protein degradation, which was mediated by tristetraprolin (TTP) induction. Finally, DAPK1 and TTP were shown to play key roles in gAcrp-induced autophagosome formation and suppression of LPS-stimulated TNF-α and IL-1β expression. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Beclin-1 phosphorylation and Bcl-2 mRNA destabilization mediated by DAPK1 and TTP are crucial events leading to autophagy and the suppression of inflammatory cytokine production by gAcrp. These results provide novel mechanisms underlying adiponectin's modulation of inflammatory responses. DAPK and TTP are potential therapeutic targets for the management of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pil-Hoon Park
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea
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550
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Panwar P, Law S, Jamroz A, Azizi P, Zhang D, Ciufolini M, Brömme D. Tanshinones that selectively block the collagenase activity of cathepsin K provide a novel class of ectosteric antiresorptive agents for bone. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:902-923. [PMID: 29278432 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Attempts to generate active site-directed cathepsin K (CatK) inhibitors for the treatment of osteoporosis have failed because of side effects. We have previously shown that an ectosteric tanshinone CatK inhibitor isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza blocked, selectively, the collagenase activity of CatK, without affecting the active site and demonstrated its bone-preserving activity in vivo. Here, we have characterize the antiresorptive potential of other tanshinones, which may provide a scaffold for side effect-free CatK inhibitors. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Thirty-one tanshinones were tested for their activity against CatK in enzymic and cell-based assays. The inhibitory potency against triple helical and fibrillar collagen degradation was determined in enzymic assays, by scanning electron microscopy and mechanical strength measurements. Human osteoclast assays were used to determine the effects of the inhibitors on bone resorption, its reversibility and osteoclastogenesis. Binding sites were characterized by molecular docking. KEY RESULTS Twelve compounds showed highly effective anti-collagenase activity and protected collagen against destruction and mechanical instability without inhibiting the hydrolysis of non-collagenous substrates. Six compounds were highly effective in osteoclast bone resorption assays with IC50 values of <500 nM. None of these tanshinones had effects on cell viability, reversibility of bone resorption inhibition and osteoclastogenesis. The core pharmacophore of the tanshinones appears to be the three-ring system with either a para- or ortho-quinone entity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our study identified several potent ectosteric antiresorptive CatK inhibitors from the medicinal plant, S. miltiorrhiza, which may avoid side effects seen with active site-directed inhibitors in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preety Panwar
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Centre for Blood Research, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Simon Law
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Centre for Blood Research, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Andrew Jamroz
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Pouya Azizi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Diabetes Research Centre, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Marco Ciufolini
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dieter Brömme
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Centre for Blood Research, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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