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Laurino LF, Viroel FJM, Caetano E, Spim S, Pickler TB, Rosa-Castro RM, Vasconcelos EA, Jozala AF, Hataka A, Grotto D, Gerenutti M. Lentinus edodes Exposure before and after Fetus Implantation: Materno-Fetal Development in Rats with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112720. [PMID: 31717560 PMCID: PMC6893821 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The presence of β-glucans and phenolic compounds in Lentinus edodes suggests this mushroom can be used as a nutritional supplement. Two gestational conditions (before and after fetus implantation) were evaluated, and Lentinus edodes exposure was performed in diabetes mellitus rat model induced by streptozotocin in pre-clinical tests. Methods: On the 20th day of pregnancy, cesarean sections were performed. Blood was collected for biochemical, hematologic parameters and oxidative stress biomarkers. Placenta and amniotic fluid were collected, and fetuses were analyzed through morphological evaluation. Results: The mushroom did not reduce the severe hyperglycemia of the mother-concept but promoted an increase in maternal insulin levels; reduced the levels of alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase, triglyceride and total cholesterol; protected the animals from post-implantation losses. Liver damage induced by streptozotocin was reversed in experimental groups. Conclusions: Lentinus edodes mushroom has antioxidant properties that can minimize the damage caused by gestational diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia F. Laurino
- University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba-SP 18023-000, Brazil; (L.F.L.); (F.J.M.V.); (E.C.); (S.S.); (T.B.P.); (R.M.R.-C.); (E.A.V.); (A.F.J.); (M.G.)
| | - Fabia J. M. Viroel
- University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba-SP 18023-000, Brazil; (L.F.L.); (F.J.M.V.); (E.C.); (S.S.); (T.B.P.); (R.M.R.-C.); (E.A.V.); (A.F.J.); (M.G.)
| | - Erika Caetano
- University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba-SP 18023-000, Brazil; (L.F.L.); (F.J.M.V.); (E.C.); (S.S.); (T.B.P.); (R.M.R.-C.); (E.A.V.); (A.F.J.); (M.G.)
| | - Sara Spim
- University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba-SP 18023-000, Brazil; (L.F.L.); (F.J.M.V.); (E.C.); (S.S.); (T.B.P.); (R.M.R.-C.); (E.A.V.); (A.F.J.); (M.G.)
| | - Thaisa B. Pickler
- University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba-SP 18023-000, Brazil; (L.F.L.); (F.J.M.V.); (E.C.); (S.S.); (T.B.P.); (R.M.R.-C.); (E.A.V.); (A.F.J.); (M.G.)
| | - Raquel M. Rosa-Castro
- University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba-SP 18023-000, Brazil; (L.F.L.); (F.J.M.V.); (E.C.); (S.S.); (T.B.P.); (R.M.R.-C.); (E.A.V.); (A.F.J.); (M.G.)
| | - Edilma Albuquerque Vasconcelos
- University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba-SP 18023-000, Brazil; (L.F.L.); (F.J.M.V.); (E.C.); (S.S.); (T.B.P.); (R.M.R.-C.); (E.A.V.); (A.F.J.); (M.G.)
| | - Angela F. Jozala
- University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba-SP 18023-000, Brazil; (L.F.L.); (F.J.M.V.); (E.C.); (S.S.); (T.B.P.); (R.M.R.-C.); (E.A.V.); (A.F.J.); (M.G.)
| | - Alessandre Hataka
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18610-307, Brazil
| | - Denise Grotto
- University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba-SP 18023-000, Brazil; (L.F.L.); (F.J.M.V.); (E.C.); (S.S.); (T.B.P.); (R.M.R.-C.); (E.A.V.); (A.F.J.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-15-21017104
| | - Marli Gerenutti
- University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba-SP 18023-000, Brazil; (L.F.L.); (F.J.M.V.); (E.C.); (S.S.); (T.B.P.); (R.M.R.-C.); (E.A.V.); (A.F.J.); (M.G.)
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602
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Alaribe CS, Esposito T, Sansone F, Sunday A, Pagano I, Piccinelli AL, Celano R, Cuesta Rubio O, Coker HA, Nabavi SM, Rastrelli L, Picerno P. Nigerian propolis: chemical composition, antioxidant activity and α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:3095-3099. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1682576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiziana Esposito
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesca Sansone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Adesegun Sunday
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Imma Pagano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Rita Celano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Osmany Cuesta Rubio
- Chemistry and Health Faculty, Technical University of Machala, Ave. Panamericana Vía a Pasaje Km, Ecuador
| | - Herbert Alexander Coker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Luca Rastrelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Patrizia Picerno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
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603
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The Effect of the Chronic Administration of DPP4-Inhibitors on Systemic Oxidative Stress in Rats with Diabetes Type 2. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/sjecr-2019-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is characterized by well-preserved insulin secretion; however, the surrounding tissue is insensitive to insulin, resulting in increased blood glucose level due to the inability of tissues to convert glucose into energy. As a result of chronic non-regulation of glucose levels and high daily fluctuations in the blood, the micro- and macrovascular complications occur in these patients. Complications develop through two main mechanisms: induction of oxidative stress and innate immunity. In this regard, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of four week administration of DPP4 inhibitors (saxagliptin, sitagliptin and vildagliptin) to the parameters of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense in the group of rats with diabetes type 2 (T2DM). Sixty Wistar albino rats were divided randomly into 5 groups: group I: control healthy group; group II: rats with diabetes type 2; group III: rats with diabetes type 2 treated with 0.6 mg/kg of sitagliptin; group IV: rats with diabetes type 2 treated with 0.45 mg/kg of saxagliptin, group V: rats with diabetes type 2 treated with 9 mg/kg vildagliptin. The rats from experimental groups were fed with a high-fat diet for 4 weeks and after 6–8 h of starvation received one dose of streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneally (25 mg/kg body weight) to induce T2DM. Animals with fasting glucose above 7 mmol / L and insulin over 6 mmol / L were included in the study as rats with T2DM. Upon completion of the experiments, the blood was collected from the anesthetized animals and used for sphectrophotometrical determination of parameters of oxidative stress, and antioxidative defense. T2DM induced significant increase in production of reacitve oxygen species (ROS) (superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide), but additional four-week administration of gliptins induced decrease in ROS values. On the other hand, T2DM induced decrease of nitric oxide, superoxide dismutase, catalaze, and reduced gluthation and concomitant therapy with gliptins induced increase of these parametars, suggesting significant antioxidant potential of this group of drugs.
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604
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Barmak A, Niknam K, Mohebbi G. Synthesis, Structural Studies, and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory, Antidiabetic, and Antioxidant Activities of 2,3-Dihydroquinazolin-4(1 H)-ones Derived from Pyrazol-4-carbaldehyde and Anilines. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:18087-18099. [PMID: 31720511 PMCID: PMC6843711 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A series of new quinazoline derivatives were designed and synthesized via a one-pot condensation reaction between isatoic anhydride and aromatic aldehydes with anilines using aluminum sulfate as a catalyst in refluxing ethanol. Their structures were confirmed by their physical, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectroscopy data and evaluated for some biological effects, including the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities as well as some in vivo hematological parameters. The ability of synthesized compounds in the inhibition of α-glucosidase was also investigated through the in silico study. The significant and important changes in some hematological tests were perceived. Notably, compound 4h showed more reducing effects on cholesterol and triglyceride levels. This molecule certainly has the potential to be developed as the antihyperlipemic compound. The tested compounds, in particular, compounds 4j and 4l, were found to be uniquely reducing blood sugar levels. The entire synthesized compounds showed the potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity compared with acarbose as a standard material. Amongst, the compounds 4h and 4i showed the strongest enzyme inhibitory potentials than the standard drug acarbose. There was a good correlation between in vitro and in silico studies for ligands 4i and 4l. The majority of compounds presented a good radical scavenging activity, though the compound 4j exhibited the strongest activity, even to the standard of ascorbic acid. Further studies are required to determine whether these main compounds could be a potential treatment for diabetes and hyperlipidemia diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Barmak
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Persian
Gulf University, Bushehr 7516913817, Iran
| | - Khodabakhsh Niknam
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Persian
Gulf University, Bushehr 7516913817, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Mohebbi
- The
Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, the Persian Gulf
Biomedical Research institute, Bushehr University
of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514763448, Iran
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605
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Sadeghi A, Asghari H, Hami J, Mohasel Roodi M, Mostafaee H, Karimipour M, Namavar M, Idoon F. Volumetric investigation of the hippocampus in rat offspring due to diabetes in pregnancy–A stereological study. J Chem Neuroanat 2019; 101:101669. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2019.101669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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606
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Venkatachalapathi A, Thenmozhi K, Karthika K, Ali MA, Paulsamy S, AlHemaid F, Elshikh MS. Evaluation of a labdane diterpene forskolin isolated from Solena amplexicaulis (Lam.) Gandhi (Cucurbitaceae) revealed promising antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic pharmacological properties. Saudi J Biol Sci 2019; 26:1710-1715. [PMID: 31762648 PMCID: PMC6864183 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Solena amplexicaulis (Lam.) Gandhi (Family Cucurbitaceae) is one of the important plant species used by the Irula tribes of Walayar valley of southern Western Ghats, India for the management of diabetes. To confirm the antidiabetic property of S. amplexicaulis, the present study was addressed using crude methanolic leaf extract of S. amplexicaulis (MeOHSa) and its isolated compound, Forskolin against streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), blood glucose, lipid profile, serum liver markers, antioxidants, hemoglobin and glycogen were evaluated using standard procedure. The oral administration of Forskolin and MeOHSa (600 mg/kg b.w.) for 30 days resulted in significant restoration of all these parameters supported by histopathological observations too. The results clearly suggest that the Forskolin (diterpene) possess potent antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities, which may be considered as a lead molecule for therapeutic purposes, and the source of Forskolin i.e. S. amplexicaulis can be further exploited for pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Krishnaswamy Thenmozhi
- Department of Botany, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore 641029, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnamoorthy Karthika
- Department of Botany, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore 641029, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohammad Ajmal Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Subramaniyam Paulsamy
- Department of Botany, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore 641029, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Fahad AlHemaid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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607
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Ali AT, Guidozzi F. Midlife women's health consequences associated with polycystic ovary syndrome. Climacteric 2019; 23:116-122. [PMID: 31657237 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2019.1679111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common female endocrinopathies. Its symptoms may appear as early as adolescence and may include irregular menstrual periods, amenorrhea, hirsutism and obesity. Regardless of their phenotypic appearance, women with PCOS are metabolically obese. PCOS is associated with metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, depression, cardiovascular disease and gynecological cancers. The metabolic disorders in obese women with PCOS are invariably due to insulin resistance, while inflammation, oxidative stress and possible interaction with environmental factors are among the features linking women with PCOS alone to metabolic disorders. The current review aims to highlight the relationship between PCOS and midlife women's health complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Ali
- Department of Chemical Pathology, NHLS, Tygerberg Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - F Guidozzi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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608
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High performance liquid chromatographic profiling of antioxidant and antidiabetic flavonoids purified from Azadirachta indica (neem) leaf ethanolic extract. PURE APPL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2018-1221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Azadirachta indica (neem) is a tropical and semi-tropical tree native to the whole Indian subcontinent. Neem leaves are rich in flavonoids, which exhibit important pharmacological activities targeting almost all human organs. In order to produce a purified extract of neem leaves enriched of antioxidant and antidiabetic flavonoids, the ethanolic extract of neem leaves has been further undergone to liquid-liquid extractions by using three different organic solvents, i.e. dichloromethane, n-butanol and ethyl acetate. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed on the extracts obtained by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Astragalin, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, nicotiflorin and rutin were the only flavonoids found among those screened. By comparing all HPLC chromatograms of purified extracts as obtained with different solvents, it was found that the qualitative-quantitative composition of flavonoids depends upon the extraction solvent used; in particular, dichloromethane allows extraction of 89.5 % quercitrin, 5.3 % isoquercitrin, 5.2 % rutin; n-butanol allows extraction of 6.0 % isoquercitrin, 6.2 % nicotiflorin, 87.8 % rutin; ethyl acetate allows extraction of 4.2 % astragalin, 12.0 % quercitrin, 50.3 % isoquercitrin, 6.7 % nicotiflorin, 26.9 % rutin. Thus, depending on the specific purposes and needs, each of these three extraction solvents has the potential to prepare formulations enriched with the most suitable flavonoids composition.
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609
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Koushki M, Lakzaei M, Khodabandehloo H, Hosseini H, Meshkani R, Panahi G. Therapeutic effect of resveratrol supplementation on oxidative stress: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Postgrad Med J 2019; 96:197-205. [DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2019-136415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundResveratrol is a naturally occurring polyphenol compound mainly found in grapes and red wine. The evidence has suggested that resveratrol has an antioxidant effect. However, the results are inconsistent and inconclusive. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of resveratrol supplementation on markers of oxidative stress.MethodsWe searched PubMed, ISI Web of Science, EMBASE, Scopus and the Cochrane library up to December 2018 to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing resveratrol supplementation effects on oxidative markers. Heterogeneity, publication bias, risk of bias and subgroup analysis were analysed. This meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Preferred ReportingItems for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA).ResultsMeta-analysis of data from 12 RCTs did not support significant effect of resveratrol supplementation on circulating levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (standardized mean difference (SMD) (1.12), (95% CI −0.91 to 3.1), p=0.28), catalase (CAT) (SMD (−0.07), (95% CI −1.4 to 1.3), p=0.92) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (SMD (−0.76), (95% CI −2.56 to 1.04), p=0.40). Although, resveratrol supplementation increased significantly circulating total antioxidant capacity (TAC) concentrations (SMD (0.52), (95% CI −0.02 to 1.07), p=0.05). Severe heterogeneity was observed between studies, and no obvious publication bias was observed in included RCTs.ConclusionCollectively, our findings of available RCTs did no show any benefit of resveratrol supplementation on SOD, CAT and GPx except for TAC. Well-designed RCTs are necessary to confirm these results.
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610
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STAT3 and Nrf2 pathways modulate the protective effect of verapamil on lung injury of diabetic rats. Endocr Regul 2019; 52:192-198. [PMID: 31517611 DOI: 10.2478/enr-2018-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the protective role of verapamil, L-type calcium channel blockers, against early lung damage in diabetic rats. Lung injury has recently been recognized as a consequent complication of diabetes mellitus. Hyperglycemia induces inflammatory changes in lung tissue early in the disease. METHODS Twenty four adult male rats were grouped into control, diabetic, diabetic treated with verapamil, and verapamil control. Streptozotocin (STZ) was used to induce diabetes. Oxidative parameters and antioxidative mechanisms were assessed in lung homogenate. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) protein was measured as a pro-inflammatory mediator. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) gene expression and nuclear erythroid factor 2 (Nrf2) immunoexpression were screened. RESULTS The lung showed oxidative damage and inflammatory infiltration in STZ diabetic rats early at 2 weeks. The parameters significantly improved in lung tissue treated with verapamil. Histopathology of the lung tissue confirmed the results. Inhibition of STAT3/TNFα pathway was involved in the protection offered by verapamil. Activation of Nrf2 together with an increasing antioxidant capacity of diabetic lung significantly ameliorates the injury induced by diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Verapamil afforded protection in diabetic lung injury. The protection was mediated by the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of verapamil.
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611
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Oxidation Stress-Mediated MAPK Signaling Pathway Activation Induces Neuronal Loss in the CA1 and CA3 Regions of the Hippocampus of Mice Following Chronic Cold Exposure. Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9100273. [PMID: 31614701 PMCID: PMC6826747 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9100273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress can damage homeostasis and induce various primary diseases. Although chronic cold stress is becoming an increasing problem for people who must work or live in extreme environments, risk-induced diseases in the central nervous system remain unstudied. Male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to an environment of 4 °C, 3 h per day for 1, 2, and 3 weeks and homeostasis in the hippocampus and neuronal apoptosis were evaluated by Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) staining, and immunofluorescence. The phenomena of oxidation stress, MAPK signaling pathway activation, anti-oxidation protein release, neuronal apoptosis increases, and neuronal proliferation inhibition were demonstrated in the CA1 and CA3 regions of mouse hippocampal tissues following cold exposure. We speculated that these phenomena were mediated by the MAPK pathway and were closely linked with oxidative stress in the hippocampus. This study provides novel concepts regarding neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting that chronic cold stress may be a critical factor to induce neurodegenerative diseases.
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612
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Franco R, Justino A, Martins M, Silva C, Campana P, Lopes J, De Almeida V, Espindola F. Phytoscreening of Vochysiaceae species: Molecular identification by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS and evaluating of their antioxidant activity and inhibitory potential against human α-amylase and protein glycation. Bioorg Chem 2019; 91:103122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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613
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Kumar A, Rana AK, Singh A, Singh A. Bioactivity of methanolic extract of Brassica juncea in animal model of diabetes mellitus. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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614
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Prasertsri P, Booranasuksakul U, Naravoratham K, Trongtosak P. Acute Effects of Passion Fruit Juice Supplementation on Cardiac Autonomic Function and Blood Glucose in Healthy Subjects. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2019; 24:245-253. [PMID: 31608249 PMCID: PMC6779082 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2019.24.3.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascorbic acid supplementation provides beneficial effects on enhancing cardiac autonomic function in patients with heart failure. Ascorbic acid also reduces blood sugar levels and enhances insulin activity, and encourages cardiac autonomic function. Passion fruit is rich in ascorbic acid and potential antioxidants. This study aimed to evaluate the acute effects of passion fruit juice (PFJ) supplementation primarily on cardiac autonomic function and secondary on blood glucose in healthy subjects. A randomized cross-over trial was conducted in 14 healthy subjects aged 21.29±0.73 years. Subjects were supplemented with either 50% PFJ, or glucose and fructose solution as a placebo (PLA) at 3.5 mL/kg body mass with a 1-week washout between treatments in a single-dose design. Short-term heart rate variability and blood glucose levels were evaluated prior to supplementation (T0) and following supplementation for 30, 60, 90, and 120 min (T30, T60, T90, and T120, respectively). Indexes of cardiac autonomic function at T30, including high frequency power (P=0.03) and total power (P=0.01), were significantly higher and the ratio of low frequency/high frequency power was significantly lower (P=0.01) in the PFJ group compared to the PLA group. Blood glucose levels significantly increased at T30 in both PLA (P=0.00) and PFJ (P=0.00) groups. However, there were no significant differences between groups. A single administration of PFJ enhanced cardiac autonomic function through augmentation of parasympathetic activity, although it did not attenuate postprandial hyperglycemia. PFJ may be potentially recognized as beverage able to prevent cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyapong Prasertsri
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences and Exercise and Nutrition Sciences and Innovation Research Unit, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Uraiporn Booranasuksakul
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences and Exercise and Nutrition Sciences and Innovation Research Unit, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Kanoknuch Naravoratham
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences and Exercise and Nutrition Sciences and Innovation Research Unit, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Petcharat Trongtosak
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences and Exercise and Nutrition Sciences and Innovation Research Unit, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
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615
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Nak-ung S, Nakprom N, Maneengam C, Nudmamud-Thanoi S, Thanoi S. Changes in sperm quality and testicular structure in a rat model of type 1 diabetes. ASIAN BIOMED 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/abm-2019-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Chronic hyperglycemia is a characteristic of diabetes mellitus (DM). Long-lasting hyperglycemia can generate oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species. The effect of this condition on sperm quality and spermatogenesis leads to male infertility and reproductive dysfunction.
Objectives
To investigate changes in sperm quality, morphology of testicular structure, and stage of development of seminiferous tubules in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rat model of type 1 DM.
Methods
We divided 15 male Sprague Dawley rats into 2 groups. DM was induced in 7 rats using STZ (60 mg/kg intraperitoneally), while the other 8 were treated with citrate buffer as a vehicle control group. Rat semen was collected for quality measurements including motility, normal morphology, and concentration. Morphological changes in testicular structure and stage of development of seminiferous tubules were investigated by histology with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining.
Results
Significant decreases in all parameters of sperm quality and testicular weight were found in rats with induced DM. Moreover, abnormal morphology of seminiferous tubules including separation of the germinal epithelium, vacuolization, luminal sloughing of germ cells, and tubular atrophy was increased significantly in these rats, while the proportion of their seminiferous tubules at an early stage of development was significantly higher, but was dramatically decreased in the late stage of development when compared with that in vehicle-treated control rats.
Conclusions
DM has adverse effects on sperm quality, testicular structure, and development of seminiferous tubules. These findings may reflect the male infertility and reproductive dysfunction seen in patients with type 1 DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sureeporn Nak-ung
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Naresuan University , Phitsanulok 65000 , Phitsanulok , Thailand
| | - Nutnicha Nakprom
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Naresuan University , Phitsanulok 65000 , Phitsanulok , Thailand
| | - Chonikan Maneengam
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Naresuan University , Phitsanulok 65000 , Phitsanulok , Thailand
| | - Sutisa Nudmamud-Thanoi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Naresuan University , Phitsanulok 65000 , Phitsanulok , Thailand
- Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Naresuan University , Phitsanulok 65000 , Phitsanulok , Thailand
| | - Samur Thanoi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Naresuan University , Phitsanulok 65000 , Phitsanulok , Thailand
- Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Naresuan University , Phitsanulok 65000 , Phitsanulok , Thailand
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Etsassala NGER, Badmus JA, Waryo TT, Marnewick JL, Cupido CN, Hussein AA, Iwuoha EI. Alpha-Glucosidase and Alpha-Amylase Inhibitory Activities of Novel Abietane Diterpenes from Salvia africana-lutea. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E421. [PMID: 31547166 PMCID: PMC6827013 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8100421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The re-investigation of a methanolic extract of Salvia africana-lutea collected from the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa (SA), afforded four new abietane diterpenes, namely 19-acetoxy-12-methoxycarnosic acid (1), 3β-acetoxy-7α-methoxyrosmanol (2), 19-acetoxy-7α-methoxyrosmanol (3), 19-acetoxy-12-methoxy carnosol (4), and two known named clinopodiolides A (5), and B (6), in addition to four known triterpenes, oleanolic, and ursolic acids (7, 8), 11,12-dehydroursolic acid lactone (9) and β-amyrin (10). The chemical structural elucidation of the isolated compounds was determined on the basis of one and two dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (1D and 2D NMR), high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), ultra violet (UV), fourier transform infrared (IR), in comparison with literature data. The in vitro bio-evaluation against alpha-glucosidase showed strong inhibitory activities of 8, 10, and 7, with the half inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 11.3 ± 1.0, 17.1 ± 1.0 and 22.9 ± 2.0 µg/mL, respectively, while 7 demonstrated the strongest in vitro alpha-amylase inhibitory activity among the tested compounds with IC50 of 12.5 ± 0.7 µg/mL. Additionally, some of the compounds showed significant antioxidant capacities. In conclusion, the methanolic extract of S. africana-lutea is a rich source of terpenoids, especially abietane diterpenes, with strong antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities that can be helpful to modulate the redox status of the body and could therefore be an excellent candidate for the prevention of the development of diabetes, a disease where oxidase stress plays an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninon G E R Etsassala
- Chemistry Department, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa.
| | - Jelili A Badmus
- Oxidative Stress Research Unit, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Symphony Rd. Bellville 7535, South Africa.
| | - Tesfaye T Waryo
- Chemistry Department, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa.
| | - Jeanine L Marnewick
- Oxidative Stress Research Unit, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Symphony Rd. Bellville 7535, South Africa.
| | - Christopher N Cupido
- Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa.
| | - Ahmed A Hussein
- Chemistry Department, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Symphony Rd. Bellville 7535, South Africa.
| | - Emmanuel I Iwuoha
- Chemistry Department, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa.
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617
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Plant Extracts and Reactive Oxygen Species as Two Counteracting Agents with Anti- and Pro-Obesity Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184556. [PMID: 31540021 PMCID: PMC6770307 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a complex disease of great public health significance worldwide: It entails several complications including diabetes mellitus type 2, cardiovascular dysfunction and hypertension, and its prevalence is increasing around the world. The pathogenesis of obesity is closely related to reactive oxygen species. The role of reactive oxygen species as regulatory factors in mitochondrial activity in obese subjects, molecules taking part in inflammation processes linked to excessive size and number of adipocytes, and as agents governing the energy balance in hypothalamus neurons has been examined. Phytotherapy is the traditional form of treating health problems using plant-derived medications. Some plant extracts are known to act as anti-obesity agents and have been screened in in vitro models based on the inhibition of lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells and activity of pancreatic lipase methods and in in vivo high-fat diet-induced obesity rat/mouse models and human models. Plant products may be a good natural alternative for weight management and a source of numerous biologically-active chemicals, including antioxidant polyphenols that can counteract the oxidative stress associated with obesity. This review presents polyphenols as natural complementary therapy, and a good nutritional strategy, for treating obesity without serious side effects.
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618
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Lawal SK, Adeniji AA, Sulaiman SO, Akajewole MM, Buhari MO, Osinubi AA. Comparative effects of glibenclamide, metformin and insulin on fetal pancreatic histology and maternal blood glucose in pregnant streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Afr Health Sci 2019; 19:2491-2504. [PMID: 32127822 PMCID: PMC7040257 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v19i3.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral hypoglycemic agents use during pregnancy was assumed to cause fetal macrosomia and skeletal deformities, and maternal complications due to significant transfer across placenta or ineffective control of blood glucose. OBJECTIVE This study investigated effects of insulin, metformin and glibenclamide on maternal blood glucose; and fetal crown-rump length, gross malformation and pancreatic histology in pregnant streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. METHODS Twenty-five pregnant rats of groups 1 to 5 as normal and diabetic controls; and diabetic treated with insulin, metformin and glibenclamide were used. Experimental GDM was induced using 45 and 35mg/Kgbw of intraperitoneal streptozotocin. RESULTS Metformin, Insulin and Glibenclamide significantly reduced maternal glucose by 140.6mg/dL, 103.2mg/dL and 98.54mg/dl; respectively and showed islets with regular interlobular ducts, islets with some irregular interlobular ducts, and islets with many irregular interlobular ducts in histological fetal pancreatic photomicrographs respectively. This depicts metformin having highest ameliorative effect. There were no significant differences in maternal and fetal body weights, maternal blood glucose between diabetic groups, and fetal gross examination. CONCLUSION At the doses used in this research, metformin and glibenclamide showed no adverse effects on maternal and fetal features in the treatment of GDM. Thus, they can be used as safe and inexpensive alternatives to insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sodiq Kolawole Lawal
- Department of Anatomy, St. Francis University College of Health Sciences and Allied Sciences, Ifakara, Tanzania
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, Nelson Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 4001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Adeoluwa Akeem Adeniji
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Sheu Oluwadare Sulaiman
- Department of Physiology, Kampala International University Western campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Mustapha Mas'ud Akajewole
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Health and Medical Sciences, State University of Zanzibar, Zanzibar, Tanzania
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Sotoudeh R, Hadjzadeh MAR, Gholamnezhad Z, Aghaei A. The anti-diabetic and antioxidant effects of a combination of Commiphora mukul, Commiphora myrrha and Terminalia chebula in diabetic rats. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2019; 9:454-464. [PMID: 31516859 PMCID: PMC6727431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Effects of Commiphora mukul and Commiphora myrrha ethanolic extracts and Terminalia chebula hydro-ethanolic extract combination were evaluated in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats (n=48) were randomly assigned into: control; diabetic; diabetic+metformin (300 mg/kg); diabetic+dose 1 of herbal combination (438 mg/kg of C. mukul+214 mg/kg of C. myrrha+857 mg/kg of T. chebula); diabetic+dose 2 (642 mg/kg of C. mukul+214 mg/kg of C. myrrha+642 mg/kg of T. chebula); and diabetic+dose 3 (857 mg/kg of C. mukul+438 mg/kg of C. myrrha+1714 mg/kg t of T. chebula). All treatments were given orally by gavage. Diabetes was induced by STZ (60 mg/kg, i.p.). At the end of study (day 28), blood glucose, insulin and lipid profile; as well as hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) and thiol content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were determined. RESULTS In diabetic rats, plasma glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and LDL-C, as well as hepatic MDA levels were elevated but plasma HDL-C and insulin, and hepatic thiol content and SOD and CAT activities were reduced compared to control (p<0.01-p<0.001). In diabetic+dose 3, plasma TC, TG, and LDL-C and hepatic MDA level decreased (p<0.001), while plasma HDL-C and insulin, and hepatic thiol content, and SOD and CAT activities increased compared to diabetic (p<0.01-p<0.001). Treatment with dose 1 and 2 improved such abnormalities in diabetic rats except for insulin level (p<0.05-p<0.001). The herbal combination effects were comparable to those of metformin. Metformin did not significantly change serum insulin and HDL-C levels, and hepatic SOD activity; however, serum levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C, as well as hepatic MDA levels, thiol content and CAT activity were improved compared to diabetic (p<0.05-p<0.001). CONCLUSION These results indicate that this herbal combination acts as an anti-diabetic, antioxidant and hypolipidemic agent and it may be suggested as a beneficial remedy for diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Sotoudeh
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mousa-Al-Reza Hadjzadeh
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Zahra Gholamnezhad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Azita Aghaei
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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620
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Conserved roles of glucose in suppressing reactive oxygen species-induced cell death and animal survival. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:5726-5743. [PMID: 31403933 PMCID: PMC6710067 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrate overconsumption increases blood glucose levels, which contributes to the development of various diseases including obesity and diabetes. It is generally believed that high glucose metabolism increases cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, damages insulin-secreting cells and leads to age-associated diabetic phenotypes. Here we find that in contrast, high glucose suppresses ROS production induced by paraquat in both mammalian cells and the round worm C. elegans. The role of glucose in suppressing ROS is further supported by glucose's ability to alleviate paraquat's toxicity on C. elegans development. Consistently, we find that the ROS-regulated transcription factor SKN-1 is inactivated by glucose. As a result, the ROS/SKN-1-dependent lifespan extension observed in paraquat-treated animals, mitochondrial respiration mutant isp-1 and germline-less mutant glp-1 are all suppressed by glucose. Our study reveals an unprecedented interaction of glucose with ROS, which could have significant impact on our current understanding of glucose- and ROS-related diseases.
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621
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Salehi B, Berkay Yılmaz Y, Antika G, Boyunegmez Tumer T, Fawzi Mahomoodally M, Lobine D, Akram M, Riaz M, Capanoglu E, Sharopov F, Martins N, Cho WC, Sharifi-Rad J. Insights on the Use of α-Lipoic Acid for Therapeutic Purposes. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9080356. [PMID: 31405030 PMCID: PMC6723188 DOI: 10.3390/biom9080356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
α-lipoic acid (ALA, thioctic acid) is an organosulfur component produced from plants, animals, and humans. It has various properties, among them great antioxidant potential and is widely used as a racemic drug for diabetic polyneuropathy-associated pain and paresthesia. Naturally, ALA is located in mitochondria, where it is used as a cofactor for pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complexes. Despite its various potentials, ALA therapeutic efficacy is relatively low due to its pharmacokinetic profile. Data suggests that ALA has a short half-life and bioavailability (about 30%) triggered by its hepatic degradation, reduced solubility as well as instability in the stomach. However, the use of various innovative formulations has greatly improved ALA bioavailability. The R enantiomer of ALA shows better pharmacokinetic parameters, including increased bioavailability as compared to its S enantiomer. Indeed, the use of amphiphilic matrices has capability to improve ALA bioavailability and intestinal absorption. Also, ALA's liquid formulations are associated with greater plasma concentration and bioavailability as compared to its solidified dosage form. Thus, improved formulations can increase both ALA absorption and bioavailability, leading to a raise in therapeutic efficacy. Interestingly, ALA bioavailability will be dependent on age, while no difference has been found for gender. The present review aims to provide an updated on studies from preclinical to clinical trials assessing ALA's usages in diabetic patients with neuropathy, obesity, central nervous system-related diseases and abnormalities in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran
| | - Yakup Berkay Yılmaz
- Graduate Program of Biomolecular Sciences, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17020, Turkey
| | - Gizem Antika
- Graduate Program of Biomolecular Sciences, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17020, Turkey
| | - Tugba Boyunegmez Tumer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17020, Turkey
| | | | - Devina Lobine
- Department of Health Sciences; Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad; Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Sargodha Medical College, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Faculty of Chemical & Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak 34469, Turkey
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki 139, Dushanbe 734003, Tajikistan.
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 30 Gascoigne Road, Hong Kong.
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 61615-585, Iran.
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Zinc, copper, and oxysterol levels in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clin Nutr 2019; 39:1849-1856. [PMID: 31427180 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study has the objective to assess the zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and oxysterols plasma levels in type 1 (DM1) (n = 26) and type 2 (DM2) (n = 80) diabetes patients, as compared to healthy controls (n = 71), in order to testify whether metal levels may have a significant impact on the association between oxysterols and diabetes. METHODS Plasma trace elements and plasma oxysterols were assessed using atomic absorption spectrometry and LC-MS/MS, respectively. Lifestyle, smoking status, alcohol intake, and drug usage, as well as microvascular complications, were also monitored and reported. RESULTS The obtained data demonstrated that both DM1 and DM2 patients were characterized by significantly elevated HbA1c, FBG, TC, LDL-C, VLDL-C, and TG levels as compared to controls. Plasma Zn levels and Zn/Cu ratio in DM1 and DM2 patients were about 3- and 2-fold lower than controls. No significant differences in plasma Cu levels were reported. The 7-ketocholesterol (7-kchol) levels in DM1 and DM2 patients exceeded these values in healthy individuals by 2.5 and 5-fold, respectively. Similarly, cholestan-3β, 5α, 6β-triol (chol-triol) levels were more than 3- and 6-fold higher when compared to the respective values in non-diabetic controls. In regression models decreased plasma Zn and elevated oxysterol levels were significantly associated with HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose levels, after adjustment for anthropometric and clinical variables, as well as routine biochemical markers. CONCLUSIONS Plasma Zn concentration is inversely associated with both 7-kchol and chol-triol levels. Assessment of Zn and oxysterol levels may be used both for risk assessment and as targets for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
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623
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Moustafa HAM, El Wakeel LM, Halawa MR, Sabri NA, El-Bahy AZ, Singab AN. Effect of Nigella Sativa oil versus metformin on glycemic control and biochemical parameters of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Endocrine 2019; 65:286-294. [PMID: 31152309 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-01963-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nature is a phenomenal treasure of remedies. Numerous previous studies reported that Nigella sativa NS improved glycemic control, reduced insulin resistance, and improved lipid profile. NS was never investigated before as a monotherapy for newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus T2DM patients. Our aim was to investigate the potential metabolic benefits of NS monotherapy in newly diagnosed T2DM patients. METHOD Prospective, open-label randomized clinical trial at outpatient endocrinology clinic at Ain-Shams University hospital. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to either metformin tablets or NS oil capsules. Both groups received treatment for 3 months. Glycemic index (FBG, 2 h pp, A1C, insulin sensitivity %S, secretory function %B, insulin resistance IR), lipid profile (TC, LDL, HDL, TG), liver and kidney functions (AST, ALT, Sr cr), total antioxidant capacity TAC, weight, waist circumference WC and body mass index BMI were assessed at baseline and at the end of treatment period. RESULTS A concentration of 1350 mg/day NS in newly diagnosed T2DM patients was inferior to metformin in terms of lowering FBG, 2 h pp, and A1C or increasing %B. However, NS was comparable to metformin in lowering weight, WC, and BMI significantly. NS was comparable to metformin in regards of their effects on fasting insulin, %S, IR, ALT, TC, LDL, HDL, TG, and TAC. Metformin showed significant increase in AST and creatinine which was reserved in NS group. CONCLUSION NS administration in newly diagnosed T2DM was tolerable with no side effects as compared to metformin; however, it was inferior to metformin in terms of diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebatallah Ahmed Mohamed Moustafa
- Department of pharmacy practice, Faculty of Pharmacy and drug technology, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, Cairo Governorate, Egypt
| | - Lamia Mohamed El Wakeel
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo Governorate, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Reda Halawa
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo Governorate, Egypt
| | - Nagwa Ali Sabri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo Governorate, Egypt
| | - Alshaymaa Zaki El-Bahy
- Department of pharmacology & toxicology, faculty of pharmacy and drug technology, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, Cairo Governorate, Egypt
| | - Abdel Nasser Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo Governorate, Egypt
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624
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Belayneh YM, Birru EM, Ambikar D. Evaluation of hypoglycemic, antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities of 80% methanolic seed extract of Calpurnia aurea (Ait.) Benth. (Fabaceae) in mice. J Exp Pharmacol 2019; 11:73-83. [PMID: 31440106 PMCID: PMC6664856 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s212206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic health problems in the world. As currently available antidiabetic medications have limitations in terms of safety, efficacy, and cost, it is an important research area to investigate medicinal plants for new antidiabetic compounds that can lead to effective, safe and less costly pharmacotherapy. The present study was done to evaluate the antidiabetic and antidyslipidemic activities of 80% methanolic seed extract of Calpurnia aurea (Ait.) Benth. (Fabaceae) in mice. Methods Blood glucose lowering activity of three doses (2.75 mg/kg, 5.5 mg/kg and 11 mg/kg) of the hydromethanolic seed extract of Calpurnia aurea was studied in three animal models: normoglycemic mice, oral glucose-loaded mice, and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Additionally, the effect of the seed extract on body weight and serum lipid profile was studied in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) was used as a standard drug in all animal models of the study. Blood glucose level was measured using a glucose meter, whereas serum lipid level was measured using an automated chemistry analyzer. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's post hoc multiple comparison test. Results Hydromethanolic extract of C. aurea seeds showed blood glucose lowering activity in all animal models, and it improved body weight loss and diabetic dyslipidemia in diabetic mice after 14 days of treatment. Conclusion This study revealed that hydromethanolic extract of Calpurnia aurea seeds has significant hypoglycemic, antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaschilal Muche Belayneh
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Eshetie Melese Birru
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Digambar Ambikar
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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625
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Abdullah KM, Abul Qais F, Hasan H, Naseem I. Anti-diabetic study of vitamin B6 on hyperglycaemia induced protein carbonylation, DNA damage and ROS production in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2019; 8:568-579. [PMID: 31741732 PMCID: PMC6677022 DOI: 10.1039/c9tx00089e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress performs an imperative role in the onset and progression of diabetes. Metabolic enzymes and cellular organelles are detrimental to increased levels of free radicals and the subsequent reduction in anti-oxidant defence. Pyridoxamine (vitamin B6) is an indispensible nutrient for humans and is considered to be an important food additive too. The aim of this research was to examine the effect of vitamin B6 in a diabetic environment. This study reports the effects of pyridoxamine supplementation in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by the single intra peritoneal dose of alloxan (120 mg per kg body weight). Diabetic rats were treated with pyridoxamine (10 and 15 mg per kg body weight) and compared with a control set of diabetic rats without supplementation. Pyridoxamine treatment showed dose dependent recovery in all parameters. A notable decline in oxidative stress parameters and ROS production with reductions in fasting blood glucose levels along with normal patterns of the glucose tolerance test has been reported here. Histological studies reveal damage recovery in the liver as well as kidney tissues. A notable amount of recovery was observed in cellular DNA distortion and damage. It is thus advocated that pyridoxamine might help in reducing problems associated with diabetes. A probable mechanism pertaining to the action of pyridoxamine is proposed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Abdullah
- Department of Biochemistry , Faculty of Life Sciences , Aligarh Muslim University , Aligarh 202002 , India . ; Tel: +91 9719069125
| | - Faizan Abul Qais
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology , Faculty of Agricultural Sciences , Aligarh Muslim University , Aligarh 202002 , India
| | - Hamza Hasan
- Department of Industrial Chemistry , Faculty of Sciences , Aligarh Muslim University , Aligarh 202002 , India
| | - Imrana Naseem
- Department of Biochemistry , Faculty of Life Sciences , Aligarh Muslim University , Aligarh 202002 , India . ; Tel: +91 9719069125
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Godzien J, Kalaska B, Adamska-Patruno E, Siroka J, Ciborowski M, Kretowski A, Barbas C. Oxidized glycerophosphatidylcholines in diabetes through non-targeted metabolomics: Their annotation and biological meaning. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1120:62-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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627
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Idowu PA, Balogiun JA. Fuzzy Logic-Based Predictive Model for the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF E-HEALTH AND MEDICAL COMMUNICATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.4018/ijehmc.2019070104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This article presents a predictive model that can be used for the early detection of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus using fuzzy logic. In order to formulate the model, risk factors associated with the risk of T2DM were elicited. The predictive model was formulated using fuzzy triangular membership functions following which the rules needed for the inference engine was elicited from experts. The model was simulated using the MATLAB Fuzzy logic Toolbox. The results of the study showed that the sensitivity of 11.67% and 100% precision for the low risk was recorded for both cases, specificity of 41.67% compared to 48.33% for the moderate risk, while there was 0% and 13.33% for the high risk. In conclusion, this model will help the doctor to know what course of preventive actions for a patient with high risk and what advice to give to those with low and moderate risk so that the occurrences of the diseases can be prevented altogether and thereby reducing the number of people dying from Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus diseases worldwide.
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628
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Guo CJ, Xie JJ, Hong RH, Pan HS, Zhang FG, Liang YM. Puerarin alleviates streptozotocin (STZ)-induced osteoporosis in rats through suppressing inflammation and apoptosis via HDAC1/HDAC3 signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 115:108570. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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629
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Tiong YL, Ng KY, Koh RY, Ponnudurai G, Chye SM. Melatonin Prevents Oxidative Stress-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Apoptosis in High Glucose-Treated Schwann Cells via Upregulation of Bcl2, NF-κB, mTOR, Wnt Signalling Pathways. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8070198. [PMID: 31247931 PMCID: PMC6680940 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8070198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathy is a complication that affects more than 50% of long-standing diabetic patients. One of the causes of diabetes neuropathy (DN) is the apoptosis of Schwann cells due to prolonged exposure to high glucose and build-up of oxidative stress. Melatonin is a hormone that has a known antioxidant property. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of melatonin on high glucose-induced Schwann cells' apoptosis. Our results revealed that high glucose promoted apoptosis via mitochondrial-related oxidative stress and downregulated Bcl-2 family proteins in Schwann cells. In this signalling pathway, Bcl-2, Bcl-XL and Mcl-1 proteins were down-regulated while p-BAD and Puma proteins were up-regulated by high glucose treatment. Besides, we also proved that high glucose promoted apoptosis in Schwann cells through decreasing the p-NF-κB in the NF-κB signalling pathway. Key regulators of mTOR signalling pathway such as p-mTOR, Rictor and Raptor were also down-regulated after high glucose treatment. Additionally, high glucose treatment also decreased the Wnt signalling pathway downstream proteins (Wnt 5a/b, p-Lrp6 and Axin). Our results showed that melatonin treatment significantly inhibited high glucose-induced ROS generation, restored mitochondrial membrane potential and inhibited high glucose-induced apoptosis in Schwann cells. Furthermore, melatonin reversed the alterations of protein expression caused by high glucose treatment. Our results concluded that melatonin alleviates high glucose-induced apoptosis in Schwann cells through mitigating mitochondrial-related oxidative stress and the alterations of Bcl-2, NF-κB, mTOR and Wnt signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee Lian Tiong
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Khuen Yen Ng
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Rhun Yian Koh
- School of Health Science, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | | | - Soi Moi Chye
- School of Health Science, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.
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630
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William J, John P, Mumtaz MW, Ch AR, Adnan A, Mukhtar H, Sharif S, Raza SA, Akhtar MT. Antioxidant activity, α-glucosidase inhibition and phytochemical profiling of Hyophorbe lagenicaulis leaf extracts. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7022. [PMID: 31259094 PMCID: PMC6589327 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus type II (DMT-2) is a widely spread metabolic disorder both in developed and developing countries. The role of oxidative stress is well established in DMT-2 pathogenesis. The synthetic drugs for DMT-2 are associated with serious side complications. Antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory actions of phytochemicals from various plant species are considered as an alternative to synthetic drugs for DMT-2 management. The present study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity, α-glucosidase inhibitory potential and phytochemical profiling of Hyophorbe lagenicaulis. Methods The total phenolic and flavonoid contents, in vitro antioxidant activity (α, α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging and phosphomolybdenum method) and α-glucosidase inhibition of ultrasonicated hydroethanolic H. lagenicaulis leaf extracts were determined spectrophotometrically. The results of DPPH assay and α-glucosidase inhibition were reported in terms of IC50 value. The phytochemical profiling was accomplished by UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS/MS technique. Results and Discussion Findings leaped 60% ethanolic extract as rich fraction regarding total phenolic and flavonoid contents. The 60% ethanolic fraction was a promising source of natural antioxidants and α-glucosidase inhibitory agents as indicated by anti-radical and enzyme inibitory activities. Kaempferol, rutin, hesperetin 5-O-glucoside, kaempferol-coumaroyl-glucoside, luteolin 3-glucoside, Isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, trimethoxyflavone derivatives and citric acid were identified by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. These compounds were believed to be responsible for the strong antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activity of plant extracts. The extensive metabolite profiling of H. lagenicaulis was carried out the first time as never reported previously. The H. lagenicaulis might be an appropriate choice to manage diabetes mellitus in an alternate way. The findings may be further exploited extensively for toxicity evaluation to proceed with functional food development having antidiabetic attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- James William
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Peter John
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Ayoub Rashid Ch
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Adnan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Mukhtar
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Sharif
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ali Raza
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tayyab Akhtar
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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631
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Cheng Y, Sibusiso L, Hou L, Jiang H, Chen P, Zhang X, Wu M, Tong H. Sargassum fusiforme fucoidan modifies the gut microbiota during alleviation of streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 131:1162-1170. [PMID: 30974142 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a complicated endocrine and metabolic disorder, which has become an epidemic health issue worldwide. Fucoidan is extensively distributed in the brown algae and several marine invertebrates exhibiting diverse biological activities. In the present study, the physicochemical property of Sargassum fusiforme fucoidan (SFF) and its effects on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice and gut microbiota were investigated. Diabetes mice not only showed abnormal blood glucose, but also accompanied by multiple symptoms, such as gradual emaciation, decreased body weight, increased food and water intake. Compared with diabetic mice after 6-week treatment, administration of SFF significantly decreased the fasting blood glucose, diet and water intake. Furthermore, SFF attenuated the pathological change in the heart and liver, improved the liver function, and suppressed oxidative stress in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Simultaneously, SFF significantly altered the gut microbiota in the faeces of diabetic mice, decreased the relative abundances of the diabetes-related intestinal bacteria, which is a potential mechanism for relieving the symptoms of diabetes. Therefore, SFF might be considered as one of the promising complementary and alternative medicines for the management of diabetes mellitus in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Cheng
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Luthuli Sibusiso
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Lingfeng Hou
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Huijing Jiang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Peichao Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Mingjiang Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Haibin Tong
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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632
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Etienne I, Magalhães LVB, Cardoso SA, de Freitas RB, de Oliveira GP, Palotás A, Lima LM. Oxidative stress markers in cognitively intact patients with diabetic neuropathy. Brain Res Bull 2019; 150:196-200. [PMID: 31175898 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Various forms of vascular injury are frequently associated with type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Macro-angiopathy has alarming signs and symptoms such as those seen with stroke or heart attack, however the presentation of small vessel disease is generally more subtle and therefore usually unnoticed for a long period of time. While it may affect any organ, complications involving the nervous system such as diabetic poly-neuropathy (DPN) are especially debilitating, and it may also be a risk factor for other brain disorders such as dementia. The underlying mechanisms are likely to be multi-faceted, but piling evidence indicates oxidative stress as one of the crucial factors. Here we evaluate the oxidative profile of patients with DM2. The total anti-oxidant capacity appears to be reduced in DM2 with or without complications. Of the specific bio-markers studied, the levels of tissue-damage indicator malon-dialdehyde (MDA) were significantly lower in the DM2 + DPN population only. These results suggest that diabetic patients present with wavering oxidative status, and the low MDA concentrations in patients with complications such as DPN may represent either an exhausted anti-oxidative defense system or a response to anti-inflammatory medications. The findings may also support the use of anti-oxidants such as vitamins A and E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Etienne
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - András Palotás
- Asklepios-Med (Private Medical Practice and Research Center), Szeged, Hungary; Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.
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633
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Rajendran NK, Dhilip Kumar SS, Houreld NN, Abrahamse H. Understanding the perspectives of forkhead transcription factors in delayed wound healing. J Cell Commun Signal 2019; 13:151-162. [PMID: 30088222 PMCID: PMC6498300 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-018-0484-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex overlapping biological process that involves a sequence of events coordinated by various cells, proteins, growth factors, cytokines and signaling molecules. Recent evidence indicates that forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) transcription factors play an important role in organizing these events to stimulate wound healing. The ubiquitously expressed forkhead box, class O (FOXO) transcription factors act as cell signaling molecules in various transcriptional processes that are involved in diverse cellular activities, including cell death, cell differentiation, DNA repair, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in response to stimuli, and interact with numerous proteins. Due to the activation of FOXO targeted genes, FOXOs are involved in maintaining the balance between oxidative stress and antioxidants. In humans, different isoforms of FOXO namely FOXO1, FOXO3, FOXO4 and FOXO6 are present, however only FOXO1 and FOXO3 possess biological functions such as morphogenesis, maintenance and tissue regeneration. This might make FOXOs an important therapeutic target to enhance wound healing in diabetes, and to avoid over scarring. In spite of extensive literature, little is known regarding the role of FOXO and its relationship in wound healing. This review provides a summary of FOXO proteins and their biological role in wound healing and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Kumar Rajendran
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Sathish Sundar Dhilip Kumar
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Nicolette Nadene Houreld
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa.
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
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634
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Yaribeygi H, Atkin SL, Sahebkar A. Mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetes and the regulatory roles of antidiabetic agents on the mitochondrial function. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:8402-8410. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing rapidly with its associated morbidity and mortality. Many pathophysiological pathways such as oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, adipokines, obesity‐induced insulin resistance, improper insulin signaling, and beta cell apoptosis are associated with the development of T2DM. There is increasing evidence of the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the onset of T2DM, particularly in relation to the development of diabetic complications. Here, the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in T2DM is reviewed together with its modulation by antidiabetic therapeutic agents, an effect that may be independent of their hypoglycemic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Yaribeygi
- Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | | | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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635
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Abstract
Diabetes is a major metabolic disorder whose prevalence is increasing daily. Medicinal plants have played an important role in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes via prophylactic and therapeutic management. In this study, Mangifera Indica leaf (MIL) extract was investigated for its promising anti-diabetic activity via an in vitro model. It was found that MIL extract possessed significant inhibition on alpha-amylase activity up to (51.4 ± 2.7)% at a concentration of 200 µg/mL. Moreover, glucose adsorption capacity of MIL was identified at (2.7 ± 0.19) mM glucose/g extract. Furthermore, the extract caused a significant increase in glucose uptake up to (143 ± 9.3)% in LO-2 liver cells. Notably, MIL extract was effective in scavenging (63.3 ± 2.1)% 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and (71.6 ± 4.3)% 2,2-azinobis-3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS)+ radicals and inhibiting (66 ± 4.9)% NO production from RAW264.7 cells without any cytotoxicity effects. Accordingly, M. indica leaves are suggested as a promising material for development of hypoglycemic products.
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636
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Oyebode OA, Erukainure OL, Ibeji C, Koorbanally NA, Islam MS. Crassocephalum rubens, a leafy vegetable, suppresses oxidative pancreatic and hepatic injury and inhibits key enzymes linked to type 2 diabetes: An ex vivo and in silico study. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e12930. [PMID: 31368570 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Crassocephalum rubens falls under the wild edible, under-cultivated traditional leafy vegetables (TLV) in Africa; it is used by locals in managing diabetes mellitus among other diseases. This study investigated the in vitro, ex vivo antioxidant and antidiabetic potentials of different extracts of C. rubens. The ameliorative effects of the extracts on Fe2+ -induced oxidative injury was investigated ex vivo together with the effects of the aqueous extract on intestinal glucose absorption and muscle glucose uptake in freshly harvested tissues from normal rats. The aqueous extract was subjected to Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis to identify possible bioactive compounds which were then docked with the tested enzymes through in silico modeling. The extracts exhibited antioxidant activity, inhibited α-glucosidase and lipase enzyme activities, intestinal glucose absorption and enhanced muscle glucose uptake compared to controls. Sanguisorbic acid dilactone identified through LC-MS analysis showed a high binding affinity for catalase and lipase enzymes. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The results of this study suggest that the aqueous extract of C. rubens possesses better antioxidant and possible antidiabetic potentials compared to other extracts which could be associated to the synergistic action of its identified bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olajumoke Arinola Oyebode
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, South Africa
| | - Ochuko Lucky Erukainure
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, South Africa
| | - Collins Ibeji
- Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Neil Anthony Koorbanally
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, South Africa
| | - Md Shahidul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, South Africa
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637
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Impact of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles on Enhancement of Bioactive Compounds Using Cell Suspension Cultures of Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R. Br. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9102165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Gymnema sylvestre is a plant that is enriched in bioactive compounds. In particular, gymnemic acids (GA) and phenolic compounds (PC) are pharmaceutically important. There is a commercial demand for naturally occurring bioactive compounds, but their availability is limited due to geographical and seasonal variations. The elicitation approach can enhance the biosynthesis of phytochemicals during in vitro culture of G. sylvestre. Here, to further improve gymnemic acid II (GA II) and phenolic compounds (PC) production by G. sylvestre, cell suspension cultures (CSC), which has attracted attention for the production of essential phytochemicals, was explored using copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs). Callus was obtained on MS medium containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, kinetin, phytoagar, and sucrose. Agar-free MS medium was used to initiate CSC, which was treated with three concentrations of CuO NPs (1, 3 or 5 mg/L). Treatment for 48 h with 3 mg/L CuO NPs resulted in the greatest yields of GA II, total phenolics, and flavonoids. The cultures also displayed pronounced antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activities. The use of CuO NPs (3 mg/L) significantly increased the production of GA II (nine-fold) and PC compared to unamended CSC. We propose that CSC and use of nanoparticles (NPs) as a new generation of elicitors, offer a suitable prospect for the production of bioactive compounds.
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638
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de Torre MP, Cavero RY, Calvo MI, Vizmanos JL. A Simple and a Reliable Method to Quantify Antioxidant Activity In Vivo. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E142. [PMID: 31121854 PMCID: PMC6562907 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8050142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The characterization of compounds with antioxidant activity is of great interest due to their ability to reduce reactive oxygen species production and, therefore, prevent some age-related diseases. Its antioxidant capacity can be analyzed by different methods both in vitro and in vivo. Caenorhabditis elegans is an in vivo model widely used in ageing research. Until now, available tests analyze functional effects in the worms, so the antioxidant activity of the compound is indirectly monitored. We have developed a simple and a reliable method to quantify internal antioxidant activity in vivo. To validate this method, we analyzed an aqueous green tea extract and two other compounds with a well-known antioxidant activity and without this activity. The results obtained (EC50 green tea = 21.76 ± 1.28 µg/mL; EC50 positive control = 8.50 ± 0.33 µg/mL; negative control EC50 > 500 µg/mL) can help in the design of further in vivo experiments. Thus, our method can be used as a previous screening capable of reducing the gap between in vitro and in vivo assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Pilar de Torre
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Rita Yolanda Cavero
- Department of Environmental Biology, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- IDISNA-Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - María Isabel Calvo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- IDISNA-Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - José Luis Vizmanos
- IDISNA-Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Department of Biochemistry & Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
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639
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Antioxidant, Hypoglycemic, and Neurobehavioral Effects of a Leaf Extract of Avicennia marina on Autoimmune Diabetic Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:1263260. [PMID: 31239852 PMCID: PMC6556331 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1263260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that can affect the central nervous system and behavioral traits in animals. Streptozotocin-induced diabetes is considered an autoimmune disease. The aim of the current study was to determine whether supplementation with the alcoholic extract of Avicennia marina leaves could improve diabetes-associated pathological changes. The animals were divided into four groups: a control group (A), an A. marina receiving nondiabetic group (B), a diabetic group (C), and a DM group orally supplemented with A. marina alcoholic leaf extract (D). The DM group of animals receiving the alcoholic extract of A. marina leaves had reduced blood glucose levels, improved blood picture, and organ functions. This group also showed improvement in locomotory behavior. The results of this study showed that supplementation with the alcoholic extract of A. marina leaves reduced oxidative stress and blood sugar levels, protected the liver, and improved the neurobehavioral changes associated with diabetes in mice. Introducing alcoholic leaf extract of A. marina to diabetic mice decreased inflammatory cells aggregation, vacuolation, and hemorrhage. Additionally, a positive effect of the alcoholic leaf extract on the histopathological changes was observed in the testicular tissue of treated mice.
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640
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Yang M, Silverstein RL. CD36 signaling in vascular redox stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 136:159-171. [PMID: 30825500 PMCID: PMC6488418 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Scavenger receptor CD36 is a multifunctional membrane protein that promotes thrombosis in conditions of oxidative stress such as metabolic disorders including dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and chronic inflammation. In these conditions, specific reactive oxidant species are generated that are context and cell dependent. In the vasculature, CD36 signaling in smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells promotes generation of reactive oxygen species, genetic downregulation of antioxidant genes, and impaired smooth muscle and endothelial function. In hematopoietic cells, CD36 signaling enhances platelet dysfunction thus decreasing the threshold for platelet activation and accelerating arterial thrombosis, whereas in macrophages, CD36 promotes lipid-laden foam cell formation and atherosclerosis. These clinically significant processes are mediated through complex redox regulated signaling mechanisms that include Src-family kinases, MAP kinases and other downstream effectors. We provide an overview of CD36 signaling in vascular redox stress highlighting the role in oxidant generation in vascular and hematopoietic cells, but with special emphasis on platelets and dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moua Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Roy L Silverstein
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
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641
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Tarkhan MM, Balamsh KS, El-Bassossy HM. Cinnamaldehyde protects from methylglyoxal-induced vascular damage: Effect on nitric oxide and advanced glycation end products. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e12907. [PMID: 31353699 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The protective effect and mechanism(s) of action of cinnamaldehyde on the highly reactive secondary sugar derivative, methylglyoxal, induced vascular damage were investigated using isolated rat thoracic aorta. Aorta was incubated with methylglyoxal and cinnamaldehyde where vascular reactivity was assessed through phenylephrine- and acetylcholine-induced contraction and relaxation, respectively. Cinnamaldehyde's antioxidant activity, ability to induce aortic nitric oxide release, and effect on advanced glycation end products formation (AGEs) was also studied. Results showed that cinnamaldehyde significantly alleviated the exaggerated contraction and improved the attenuated dilation of the aorta secondary to incubation with methylglyoxal. Furthermore, cinnamaldehyde stimulated aortic nitric oxide production from isolated aorta giving levels similar to acetylcholine and significantly reduced both methylglyoxal-induced AGEs and protein oxidation products formation. In conclusion, cinnamaldehyde protects from methyglyoxal-induced vascular damage mainly by improving the vasodilation in addition to endothelial nitric oxide production and reducing the detrimental AGE-inflicted vascular damage. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The use of naturally occurring products to alleviate various disease-related complications is highly attractive due to their easy availability, relatively affordable prices compared to pharmaceutical products, and their favorable safety profile. In the case of cinnamaldehyde, its excessive and highly reputable consumption in the food industry facilitates promoting a daily intake of the natural compound with the purpose of counteracting the destructive effect that elevated blood glucose has on vascular function. According to findings obtained from this study, frequent cinnamaldehyde intake will improve vascular reactivity by acting on vasodilatory mechanisms and inhibiting glycation reactions, hence improving the hyperglycemia associated hypertensive state. The study also paves the way for future research to determine the clinical efficacy of cinnamaldehyde having established its competence in protecting vascular function in a lab setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayada Mohammed Tarkhan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khadijah Saeed Balamsh
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany Mohammed El-Bassossy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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642
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Oyetayo FL, Akomolafe SF, Odeniyi IA. Effects of dietary supplementation of Chrysophyllum albidum fruit pulp powder on some biochemical parameters in a type 2 diabetes rat model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42535-019-00022-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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643
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Sushko ОО, Iskra RJ, Ponkalo LI. Influence of chromium citrate on oxidative stress in the tissues of muscle and kidney of rats with experimentally induced diabetes. REGULATORY MECHANISMS IN BIOSYSTEMS 2019. [DOI: 10.15421/021931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromium is one of the important trace elements that is essential for carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism. Chromium improves glucose metabolism and reduces insulin resistance due to increased insulin sensitivity. Therefore, it is important to consider the use of chromium citrate as a nutritional supplement with potential hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects. In this research work, we investigated the activity of the antioxidant system and the level of lipid hydroperoxides in the tissues of skeletal muscles and kidneys of experimental diabetic rats and for rats which received in their daily diet chromium citrate in the amounts 0.1 and 0.2 μg/mL of water. We induced the experimental model of diabetes by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan in the amount 150 mg/kg of body weight of the animals. We monitored glucose levels by measuring daily glucose levels with a portable glucose meter. For research, we selected animals with a glucose level > 11.1 mmol/L. We monitored the body weight of rats. On the 40th day of the study, we withdrew the animals from the experiment by decapitation. We selected the tissue for research, namely skeletal muscles and kidneys. In samples of the tissue homogenates, we measured the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the content of lipid peroxide oxidation products. As a result of our research, we found that the products of lipid peroxide oxidation and glutathione peroxidase activity increased in skeletal muscle of animals with diabetes mellitus. The activity of glutathione reductase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and the content of reduced glutathione decreased at the same time. In the kidneys of diabetic rats, the activity of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, catalase and content of lipid hydroperoxides increased but the activity of superoxide dismutase and the content of reduced glutathione decreased. The addition of chromium citrate to the diet of animals in amounts 0.1 and 0.2 μg/mL led to the suppression of oxidative stress. The activity of catalase, glutathione peroxidase and the content of lipid hydroperoxides, TBA-positive substances decreased. Also, the activity of superoxide dismutase increased with the addition of chromium citrate. These results indicate normalization of antioxidant defense in the skeletal muscle and kidneys of experimental rats with experimental diabetes given chromium citrate in the amount 0.1 mg/mL of water.
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644
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Tan BL, Norhaizan ME. Carotenoids: How Effective Are They to Prevent Age-Related Diseases? Molecules 2019; 24:E1801. [PMID: 31075966 PMCID: PMC6539799 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite an increase in life expectancy that indicates positive human development, a new challenge is arising. Aging is positively associated with biological and cognitive degeneration, for instance cognitive decline, psychological impairment, and physical frailty. The elderly population is prone to oxidative stress due to the inefficiency of their endogenous antioxidant systems. As many studies showed an inverse relationship between carotenoids and age-related diseases (ARD) by reducing oxidative stress through interrupting the propagation of free radicals, carotenoid has been foreseen as a potential intervention for age-associated pathologies. Therefore, the role of carotenoids that counteract oxidative stress and promote healthy aging is worthy of further discussion. In this review, we discussed the underlying mechanisms of carotenoids involved in the prevention of ARD. Collectively, understanding the role of carotenoids in ARD would provide insights into a potential intervention that may affect the aging process, and subsequently promote healthy longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bee Ling Tan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Esa Norhaizan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Research Centre of Excellent, Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases (NNCD), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
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645
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Mikhalchik EV, Maximov DI, Ostrovsky EM, Yaskevich AV, Vlasova II, Vakhrusheva TV, Basyreva LY, Gusev AA, Kostevich VA, Gorbunov NP, Sokolov AV, Panasenko OM, Gusev SA. [Neutrophils as a source of factors that increase the length of the inflammatory phase of wound healing in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2019; 64:433-438. [PMID: 30378560 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20186405433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and neutrophil activation leading to an increase in myeloperoxidase (MPO), elastase and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) levels in blood are considered as pathogenic mechanisms responsible for the development of extremity damage in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between factors, associated with neutrophil activation, and the length of the initial phase of wound healing (the inflammatory phase) in T2DM patients. Patients were divided retrospectively into three groups depending on the damage extent: group 1 (wound on toe) < group 2 (wound on foot) < group 3 (wound on lower leg). Compared to the control group (healthy volunteers), T2DM patients at admission to hospital had significantly (p<0.05) increased levels of blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (groups 1-3), ESR (groups 1 and 3), blood neutrophil count (groups 2 and 3), plasma MPO concentration (groups 1-3) and blood NET concentration (group 3) and decreased levels of plasma thiols (groups 1-3) and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity (groups 2 and 3). The length of hospital stay after surgical procedures corresponded to the length of the inflammatory phase of the wound healing process and correlated with the number of blood neutrophils in patients before surgery (r=0.72, p<0.05). Leukocytic intoxication index depended on wound area (r=0.59, p<0.05), and it was significantly higher for groups 2 and 3 compared to the control group and group 1. The neutrophil count before surgery in T2DM patients with damage in the lower extremities correlated with the length of the inflammatory phase of wound healing. The correlation found can be attributed to an increase in extracellular MPO and NETs, which, in its turn, results from the activation and degranulation of neutrophils and netosis. Thus, the duration of the inflammatory phase of wound healing depends on specific aspects of systemic inflammation increasing oxidative/halogenative stress and intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Mikhalchik
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - D I Maximov
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - E M Ostrovsky
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Yaskevich
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - I I Vlasova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - T V Vakhrusheva
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - L Yu Basyreva
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Gusev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - V A Kostevich
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia; Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - N P Gorbunov
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia; State Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - A V Sokolov
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia; Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - O M Panasenko
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - S A Gusev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
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646
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Jasmin, Jaitak V. A Review on Molecular Mechanism of Flavonoids as Antidiabetic Agents. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:762-786. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666181227153428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of drugs possessing anti-diabetic activities is a long pursued goal in drug
discovery. It has been shown that deregulated insulin mediated signaling, oxidative stress, obesity, and
β-cell dysfunction are the main factors responsible for the disease. With the advent of new and more
powerful screening assays and prediction tools, the idea of a drug that can effectively treat diabetes by
targeting different pathways has re-bloomed. Current anti-diabetic therapy is based on synthetic drugs
that very often have side effects. For this reason, there is an instantaneous need to develop or search
new alternatives. Recently, more attention is being paid to the study of natural products. Their huge
advantage is that they can be ingested in everyday diet. Here, we discuss various causes, putative targets,
and treatment strategies, mechanistic aspects as well as structural features with a particular focus
on naturally occurring flavonoids as promising starting points for anti-diabetic led development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda (Pb.) 151001, India
| | - Vikas Jaitak
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda (Pb.) 151001, India
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647
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Malik A, Jamil U, Butt TT, Waquar S, Gan SH, Shafique H, Jafar TH. In silico and in vitro studies of lupeol and iso-orientin as potential antidiabetic agents in a rat model. Drug Des Devel Ther 2019; 13:1501-1513. [PMID: 31123393 PMCID: PMC6510393 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s176698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In silico characterization can help to explain the interaction between molecules and predict three-dimensional structures. Various studies have confirmed the glucose-lowering effects of plant extracts, ie, lupeol and iso-orientin, which enable them to be used as antidiabetic agents. Purpose: Aims of the present study were to evaluate the hypoglycemic activities of lupeol and iso-orientin in a rat model. The study proposed the effects of alloxan on blood glucose level, body weight, and oxidative stress. Materials and Methods: Thirty (n=30) Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups and were subjected to different combinations of the compounds. Levels of different stress markers, ie, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, nitric oxide, glutathione, glutathione peroxide, glutathione reductase, and blood glucose levels were estimated with their respective methods. Whereas, for their in silico analysis, identified target proteins, GPR40, glucose-6-phosphatase, UCP2, glycogen phosphorylase, aldose reductase, and glucose transporter-4 were docked with lupeol and iso-orientin. Three-dimensional structures were predicted by ERRAT, Rampage, Verify3D, threading and homology approaches. Results: Blood glucose levels were significantly increased in rats receiving intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (208±6.94 mg/dL) as compared to controls (90±7.38 mg/dL). Infected rats were administered plant extracts; combined treatment of both extracts (lupeol+iso-orientin) significantly reduced the levels of blood glucose (129.06±6.29 mg/dL) and improved the antioxidant status. Fifteen structures of each selected protein were evaluated using various techniques. Consequently, satisfactory quality factors [GPR40 (96.41%), glucose-6-phosphatase (96.56%), UCP2 (72.56%), glycogen phosphorylase (87.24%), aldose reductase (82.46%), and glucose transporter-4 (94.29%)] were selected. Molecular docking revealed interacting residues, effective drug properties and their binding affinities (ie, -8.9 to -12.6 Kcal/mol). Conclusion: Results of the study affirmed the antidiabetic activities of lupeol and iso-orientin. Administration of these extracts (either individually or in combination) significantly reduced blood glucose levels and oxidative stress. Hence, it may be considered beneficial in the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Malik
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Jamil
- Department of Physiology, Shalamar Medical and Dental College Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Tahir Butt
- Department of Biochemistry, Khawaja Muhammad Safdar Medical College, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Sulayman Waquar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan47500, Malaysia
| | - Hassan Shafique
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tassadaq Hussain Jafar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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648
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Mahmoud YK, Abdelrazek HMA. Cancer: Thymoquinone antioxidant/pro-oxidant effect as potential anticancer remedy. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 115:108783. [PMID: 31060003 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, there is growing interest in the natural bioactive components having anticancer activity. Thymoquinone (TQ), the principle active constituent of black seed (Nigella sativa), has promising properties including anticancer and chemosensitizing peculiarities. The anticancer power of TQ is accomplished by several aspects; including promotion of apoptosis, arrest of cell cycle and ROS generation. In addition, it boosts the immune system and lessens the side effects associated with traditional anticancer therapy. TQ also controls angiogenesis and cancer metastasis. This review focuses on the potential aspects and mechanisms by which TQ acquires its actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmina K Mahmoud
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Heba M A Abdelrazek
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
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649
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Wang R, Zhao H, Pan X, Orfila C, Lu W, Ma Y. Preparation of bioactive peptides with antidiabetic, antihypertensive, and antioxidant activities and identification of α-glucosidase inhibitory peptides from soy protein. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:1848-1856. [PMID: 31139399 PMCID: PMC6526634 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the peptides of soy protein obtained by enzymatic digestion with proteases were analyzed for their antidiabetic, antihypertensive, and antioxidant activities. Peptides prepared with alkaline proteinase (AP) exhibited the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity compared with those from papain and trypsin digestion. AP hydrolysates also exhibited dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory, and antioxidant activities. Gastrointestinal digestion of peptides enhanced α-glucosidase, DPP-IV, and ACE inhibitory activities compared with AP hydrolysates. AP peptides showing highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity were purified by anion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography, and identified using tandem MS. We found three novel α-glucosidase inhibitory peptides with sequences LLPLPVLK, SWLRL, and WLRL with IC50 of 237.43 ± 0.52, 182.05 ± 0.74, and 162.29 ± 0.74 μmol/L, respectively. Therefore, peptides hydrolyzed from soy protein are promising natural ingredients for nutraceutical applications assisting in the management of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongchun Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinChina
| | - Hongxing Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinChina
| | - Xiaoxi Pan
- School of Food Science and NutritionUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Caroline Orfila
- School of Food Science and NutritionUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Weihong Lu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinChina
| | - Ying Ma
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinChina
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650
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Zendehdel A, Roham M. Biological evidence of the relationship between
Helicobacter pylori
and associated extragastric diseases. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:12128-12140. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Zendehdel
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ziaeian Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Maryam Roham
- Antimicrobial‐Resistant Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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