601
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Kehinde BA, Sharma P. Recently isolated antidiabetic hydrolysates and peptides from multiple food sources: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 60:322-340. [PMID: 30463420 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1528206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes, a metabolic syndrome of global importance has been on a progressive rise in recent years. Several pharmacological approaches have been made, which have proved effective, but with underlying side effects. Bioactive hydrolysates (BHs) and peptides (BPs) from food sources, however, have shown the relative advantage of imparting less adverse effects. Furthermore, BHs and BPs from food have been discovered to impart their antidiabetic potentials through one or more mechanisms such as inhibition of digestive enzymes, inhibition of the antigenic enzyme - Dipeptyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV), decrease in blood glucose levels and increase in insulin uptake. Several plants and animal sources have been used as protein sources for the isolation of antidiabetic hydrolysates and peptides through different mechanisms and analytical techniques. This review integrates recent research information about several popular and unconventional food sources of BHs and BPs, their isolation techniques, antidiabetic effects and protein profiles. In addition, the fractionation technique(s) employed in each study and inhibition potentials of BHs and BPs are reviewed. This article is intended to supplement accessible scholarly literature and intellectual awareness on the subject of food-oriented approach for the management of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bababode Adesegun Kehinde
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Poorva Sharma
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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602
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Miranda JJ, Lazo-Porras M, Bernabe-Ortiz A, Pesantes MA, Diez-Canseco F, Cornejo SDP, Trujillo AJ. The effect of individual and mixed rewards on diabetes management: A feasibility randomized controlled trial. Wellcome Open Res 2018; 3:139. [PMID: 30662958 PMCID: PMC6325609 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14824.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Incentives play a role in introducing health-related benefits, but no interventions using mixed incentives, i.e. a combination of individual and group incentives, have been tested in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We evaluated the feasibility of implementing individual- and mixed-incentives, with and without a supportive partner, on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) control and weight loss among patients with T2DM. Methods: This is a feasibility, sex-stratified, single-blinded, randomized controlled study in individuals with T2DM. All participants received diabetes education and tailored goal setting for weight and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Participants were randomly assigned into three arms: individual incentives (Arm 1), mixed incentives-altruism (Arm 2), and mixed incentives-cooperation (Arm 3). Participants were accompanied by a diabetes educator every other week to monitor targets, and the intervention period lasted 3 months. The primary outcome was the change in HbA1c at 3 months from baseline. Weight and change body mass index (BMI) were considered as secondary outcomes. Results: Out of 783 patients screened, a total of 54 participants, 18 per study arm, were enrolled and 44 (82%) completed the 3-month follow-up. Mean baseline HbA1c values were 8.5%, 7.9% and 8.2% in Arm 1, Arm 2, and Arm 3, respectively. At 3 months, participants in all three study arms showed reductions in HbA1c ranging from -0.9% in Arm 2 to -1.4% in Arm 1. Weight and BMI also showed reductions. Conclusions: Individual and mixed cash incentives show important reductions in HbA1c, weight and BMI in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus after 3 months. Recruitment and uptake of the intervention were successfully accomplished demonstrating feasibility to conduct larger effectiveness studies to test individual and mixed economic incentives for diabetes management. Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02891382.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Jaime Miranda
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - María Lazo-Porras
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - M. Amalia Pesantes
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Francisco Diez-Canseco
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Antonio J. Trujillo
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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603
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Das P, Delost MD, Qureshi MH, Smith DT, Njardarson JT. A Survey of the Structures of US FDA Approved Combination Drugs. J Med Chem 2018; 62:4265-4311. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pradipta Das
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Michael D. Delost
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Munaum H. Qureshi
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - David T. Smith
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Jon T. Njardarson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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604
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Kumari S, Kamboj VK, Rajpoot D, Teotia AK, Verma PK, Singh GN. The Unprecedented Role of Gold Nanomaterial in Diabetes Management. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 13:219-227. [PMID: 30430950 DOI: 10.2174/1871526518666181114165352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles possess unique mechanical, chemical, photo-optical and biological properties and have been an interesting field of research on life sciences. The research studies produced new nanodevices and nanotechnology-based biosensing, diagnostics therapeutics, and targeted drug delivery systems. In this review, the unique potential aspects of gold nanoparticles/ nanoformulations/ or devices related to diabetes management have been discussed together with the recent patent on the gold nanoparticles developed for diabetes management. The first part of this review will focus on recent strategies for the treatment of hyperglycemia and its management with the help of gold nanoparticles and the second part of the review focused on recent patents on gold nanoparticles useful in the diabetes management. Gold nanoparticles have proved themselves useful in diabetes therapeutics and diagnostics. Due to the high surface area, and low toxicity, gold nanoparticles have become a unique aspect of the delivery approach. The main issues that need to be covered are the biopharmaceutics, biocompatibility, and potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simpal Kumari
- Analytical Research and Development Division, Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Govt. of India. Sector-23, Raj Nagar, Ghaziabad-201 002, India
| | - Vipan Kumar Kamboj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, India.,JCDM College of Pharmacy, Sirsa-125055, India
| | - Diksha Rajpoot
- Analytical Research and Development Division, Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Govt. of India. Sector-23, Raj Nagar, Ghaziabad-201 002, India
| | - Anil Kumar Teotia
- Analytical Research and Development Division, Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Govt. of India. Sector-23, Raj Nagar, Ghaziabad-201 002, India
| | - Prabhakar Kumar Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, India
| | - Gyanendra Nath Singh
- Analytical Research and Development Division, Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Govt. of India. Sector-23, Raj Nagar, Ghaziabad-201 002, India
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605
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Chakrabarti S, Guha S, Majumder K. Food-Derived Bioactive Peptides in Human Health: Challenges and Opportunities. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1738. [PMID: 30424533 PMCID: PMC6265732 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 352] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent scientific evidence suggests that food proteins not only serve as nutrients, but can also modulate the body's physiological functions. These physiological functions are primarily regulated by some peptides that are encrypted in the native protein sequences. These bioactive peptides can exert health beneficial properties and thus are considered as a lead compound for the development of nutraceuticals or functional foods. In the past few decades, a wide range of food-derived bioactive peptide sequences have been identified, with multiple health beneficial activities. However, the commercial application of these bioactive peptides has been delayed because of the absence of appropriate and scalable production methods, proper exploration of the mechanisms of action, high gastro-intestinal digestibility, variable absorption rate, and the lack of well-designed clinical trials to provide the substantial evidence for potential health claims. This review article discusses the current techniques, challenges of the current bioactive peptide production techniques, the oral use and gastrointestinal bioavailability of these food-derived bioactive peptides, and the overall regulatory environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhadeep Chakrabarti
- Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada.
| | - Snigdha Guha
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-6205, USA.
| | - Kaustav Majumder
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-6205, USA.
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606
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Tao Y, Chen B, Zhang BH, Zhu ZJ, Cai Q. Occurrence, Impact, Analysis and Treatment of Metformin and Guanylurea in Coastal Aquatic Environments of Canada, USA and Europe. ADVANCES IN MARINE BIOLOGY 2018; 81:23-58. [PMID: 30471658 DOI: 10.1016/bs.amb.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This review discusses the occurrence, impact, analysis and treatment of metformin and guanylurea in coastal aquatic environments of Canada, USA and Europe. Metformin, a biguanide in chemical classification, is widely used as one of the most effective first-line oral drugs for type 2 diabetes. It is difficult to be metabolized by the human body and exists in both urine and faeces samples in these regions. Guanylurea is metformin's biotransformation product. Consequently, significant concentrations of metformin and guanylurea have been reported in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and coastal aquatic environments. The maximum concentrations of metformin and guanylurea in surface water samples were as high as 59,000 and 4502ngL-1, respectively. Metformin can be absorbed in non-target organisms by plants and in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Guanylurea has a confirmed mitotic activity in plant cells. Analysis methods of metformin are currently developed based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The removal of metformin from aquatic environments in the target regions is summarized. The review helps to fill a knowledge gap and provides insights for regulatory considerations. The potential options for managing these emerging pollutants are outlined too.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunwen Tao
- The Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Bing Chen
- The Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada.
| | - Baiyu Helen Zhang
- The Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Zhiwen Joy Zhu
- The Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Qinhong Cai
- The Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
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607
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Carbone S, Dixon DL, Buckley LF, Abbate A. Glucose-Lowering Therapies for Cardiovascular Risk Reduction in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: State-of-the-Art Review. Mayo Clin Proc 2018; 93:1629-1647. [PMID: 30392544 PMCID: PMC6501786 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major cardiovascular (CV) risk factor. Although antihyperglycemic therapies have typically focused on glycemic control, a paradigm shift for the treatment of T2DM has occurred, with an increased focus on CV risk reduction. Clinicians should base their clinical decisions on the beneficial effects of specific glucose-lowering agents on CV outcomes, while avoiding those therapeutic strategies with potential detrimental effects. Importantly, the presence of comorbidities (eg, established cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, obesity) should also guide the clinical decision toward therapies proven to reduce CV outcomes in that specific population. In this state-of-the-art review resulting from a comprehensive literature search (Pubmed, Google Scholar), we summarize the evidence related to the CV outcomes trials reported in the past several decades. Finally, we propose a therapeutic plan for patients with T2DM, suggesting the use of specific glucose-lowering agents based on the characteristics and presence of comorbidities of the individual patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Carbone
- VCU Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.
| | - Dave L Dixon
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Leo F Buckley
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Department of Pharmacy Services, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Antonio Abbate
- VCU Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
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608
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A capillary zone electrophoresis method to investigate the oligomerization of the human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide involved in Type 2 Diabetes. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1578:83-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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609
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Uppal S, Italiya KS, Chitkara D, Mittal A. Nanoparticulate-based drug delivery systems for small molecule anti-diabetic drugs: An emerging paradigm for effective therapy. Acta Biomater 2018; 81:20-42. [PMID: 30268916 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Emergence of nanoparticulate drug delivery systems in diabetes has facilitated improved delivery of small molecule drugs which could dramatically improve the quality of life for diabetics. Conventional dosage forms of the anti-diabetic drugs exhibit variable/less bioavailability and short half-life, demanding frequent dosing and causing increased side-effects resulting in ineffectiveness of therapy and non-compliance with the patients. Considering the chronic nature of diabetes, nanotechnology-based approaches are more promising in terms of providing site-specific delivery of drugs with higher bioavailability and reduced dosage regimen. Nanomedicines act at the cellular and molecular levels to enhance the uptake of the drug into the cells or block the efflux mechanisms thus retaining the drug inside the cell for a longer duration of time. Many studies have hinted at the possibility of administering peptide drugs like glucagon like peptides orally by encapsulation into nanoparticles. Nanoparticles also allow further modifications including their encapsulation into microparticles, polyethylene glycol (PEG)-PEGylation- or functionalization with ligands for active targeting. Nevertheless, such remarkable benefits are fraught with their long-term safety concerns, regulatory hurdles, limitations of scale-up and ineffective patent protection which have hindered their commercialization. This review summarizes the latest advances in the area of nanoformulations as applied to the delivery of anti-diabetics. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The present work describes the latest advancements in the area of nanoformulations for anti-diabetic therapy along with highlighting the advantages that these nanoformulations offer at molecular level for diabetes. Although several potent orally active anti-hyperglycemic agents are available, the current challenges in efficient management of diabetes include optimization of the present therapies to ensure an optimum and stable level of glucose, and also to reduce the occurrence of long term complications associated with diabetes. Nanoformulations because of their high surface area to volume ratio provide improved efficacy, targeting their delivery to the desired site of action tends to minimize adverse effects and administration of peptide drugs by oral route is also possible by encapsulating them in nanoparticles. As we reflect on the success and failures of latest research on nanoformulations for the treatment of diabetes, it is important not to dwell on lack of FDA approvals but rather define future directions that guarantee more effective anti-diabetic treatment. In proposed review we have explored the latest advancement in anti-diabetic nanotechnology based formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Uppal
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS-PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Kishan S Italiya
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS-PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Deepak Chitkara
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS-PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Anupama Mittal
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS-PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India.
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610
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Miranda JJ, Lazo-Porras M, Bernabe-Ortiz A, Pesantes MA, Diez-Canseco F, Cornejo SDP, Trujillo AJ. The effect of individual and mixed rewards on diabetes management: A feasibility randomized controlled trial. Wellcome Open Res 2018; 3:139. [PMID: 30662958 PMCID: PMC6325609 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14824.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Incentives play a role in introducing health-related benefits, but no interventions using mixed incentives, i.e. a combination of individual and group incentives, have been tested in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We evaluated the feasibility of implementing individual- and mixed-incentives, with and without a supportive partner, on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) control and weight loss among patients with T2DM. Methods: This is a feasibility, sex-stratified, single-blinded, randomized controlled study in individuals with T2DM. All participants received diabetes education and tailored goal setting for weight and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Participants were randomly assigned into three arms: individual incentives (Arm 1), mixed incentives-altruism (Arm 2), and mixed incentives-cooperation (Arm 3). Participants were accompanied by a diabetes educator every other week to monitor targets, and the intervention period lasted 3 months. The primary outcome was the change in HbA1c at 3 months from baseline. Weight and change body mass index (BMI) were considered as secondary outcomes. Results: Out of 783 patients screened, a total of 54 participants, 18 per study arm, were enrolled and 44 (82%) completed the 3-month follow-up. Mean baseline HbA1c values were 8.5%, 7.9% and 8.2% in Arm 1, Arm 2, and Arm 3, respectively. At 3 months, participants in all three study arms showed reductions in HbA1c ranging from -0.9% in Arm 2 to -1.4% in Arm 1. Weight and BMI also showed reductions. Conclusions: Individual and mixed cash incentives show important reductions in HbA1c, weight and BMI in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus after 3 months. Recruitment and uptake of the intervention were successfully accomplished demonstrating feasibility to conduct larger effectiveness studies to test individual and mixed economic incentives for diabetes management. Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02891382.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Jaime Miranda
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - María Lazo-Porras
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - M. Amalia Pesantes
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Francisco Diez-Canseco
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Antonio J. Trujillo
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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611
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Yaribeygi H, Atkin SL, Katsiki N, Sahebkar A. Narrative review of the effects of antidiabetic drugs on albuminuria. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:5786-5797. [PMID: 30367464 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is the most prevalent metabolic disorder worldwide. Glycemic control is the main focus of antidiabetic therapy. However, there are data suggesting that some antidiabetic drugs may have intrinsic beneficial renal effects and protect against the development and progression of albuminuria, thus minimizing the risk of diabetic nephropathy. These pharmacological agents can suppress upstream molecular pathways involved in the pathophysiology of diabetes-induced renal dysfunction such as oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and apoptosis. In this narrative review, the pathophysiology of albuminuria in patients with diabetic nephropathy is discussed. Furthermore, the renoprotective effects of antidiabetic drugs, focusing on albuminuria, are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Yaribeygi
- Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Niki Katsiki
- Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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612
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Chauhan P, Tamrakar AK, Mahajan S, Prasad GBKS. Chitosan encapsulated nanocurcumin induces GLUT-4 translocation and exhibits enhanced anti-hyperglycemic function. Life Sci 2018; 213:226-235. [PMID: 30343126 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM The present study was undertaken to develop a Curcumin nanoparticle system with chitosan as a hydrophilic carrier. In addition, the anti-diabetic potential of curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles were assessed in comparison to those of free curcumin by examining the anti-hyperglycemic efficacy using in vitro assays. METHODS Curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared and characterized for particle size by transmission electron microscopy, FT-IR, differential scanning calorimetry and therapeutic effects of curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles were evaluated by measuring the level of GLUT-4 present at the plasma membrane in L6myc myotubes followed by western blotting. Additionally, anti-inflammatory potential of curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles were assessed by enzyme immunoassay using appropriate ELISA kits. KEY FINDINGS Transmission electron microscopy revealed an average nanocurcumin particle size of 74 nm. Under in vitro conditions, treatment with chitosan-nanocurcumin (CS-NC) caused a substantial increase in the GLUT-4 translocation to the cell surface in L6 skeletal muscle cells and the effect was associated with increased phosphorylation of AKT (Ser-473) and its downstream target GSK-3β (Ser-9). SIGNIFICANCE The therapeutic potential of nanocurcumin is prominent than that of curcumin alone. Nanocurcumin could improve the solubility of curcumin and may prolong its retention in the systemic circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Chauhan
- School of Studies in Biochemistry, Jiwaji University, Gwalior 474011, India
| | | | - Sunil Mahajan
- School of Studies in Biochemistry, Jiwaji University, Gwalior 474011, India
| | - G B K S Prasad
- School of Studies in Biochemistry, Jiwaji University, Gwalior 474011, India.
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613
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Yoshida Y, Boren SA, Soares J, Popescu M, Nielson SD, Simoes EJ. Effect of Health Information Technologies on Glycemic Control Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Curr Diab Rep 2018; 18:130. [PMID: 30338403 PMCID: PMC6209028 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-018-1105-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This study was to present meta-analysis findings across selected clinical trials for the effect of health information technologies (HITs) on glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes. RECENT FINDINGS HITs may be promising in diabetes management. However, findings on effect size of glycated hemoglobin level (HbA1c) yielded from HITs varied across previous studies. This is likely due to heterogeneity in sample size, adherence to standard quantitative method, and/or searching criteria (e.g., type of HITs, type of diabetes, specification of patient population, randomized vs. nonrandomized trials). We systematically searched Medline, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and the Cochrane Library for peer-reviewed randomized control trials that studied the effect of HITs on HbA1c reduction. We also used Google Scholar and a hand search to identify additional studies. Thirty-four studies (40 estimates) met the criteria and were included in the analysis. Overall, introduction of HITs to standard diabetes treatment resulted in a statistically and clinically reduced HbA1c. The bias adjusted HbA1c reduction due to the combined HIT interventions was - 0.56 [Hedges' g = - 0.56 (- 0.70, - 0.43)]. The reduction was significant across each of the four types of HIT intervention under review, with mobile phone-based approaches generating the largest effects [Hedges' g was - 0.67 (- 0.90, - 0.45)]. HITs can be an effective tool for glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes. Future studies should examine long-term effects of HITs and explore factors that influence their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Yoshida
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, CE707 CS&E Bldg., One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO USA
- Missouri Cancer Registry and Research Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO USA
| | - Suzanne A. Boren
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, CE707 CS&E Bldg., One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO USA
| | - Jesus Soares
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of High-Consequences Pathogens and Pathology, Prion and Public Health Office, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Mihail Popescu
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, CE707 CS&E Bldg., One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO USA
| | | | - Eduardo J. Simoes
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, CE707 CS&E Bldg., One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO USA
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614
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Eva JJ, Kassab YW, Neoh CF, Ming LC, Wong YY, Abdul Hameed M, Hong YH, Sarker MMR. Self-Care and Self-Management Among Adolescent T2DM Patients: A Review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:489. [PMID: 30459707 PMCID: PMC6232899 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled hyperglycaemia can lead to macro- and microvascular complications. Adolescents with T2DM develop similar complications as in adults, including cardiovascular disease, stroke, myocardial infarction, renal insufficiency, and chronic renal failure. Although regular medical follow-up is essential to avoid long-term complications, patients with diabetes mellitus need to perform holistic self-care activities such as opting for a healthy diet, physical activity, self-monitoring, and proper medication. To the best of our knowledge, only a limited number of studies have focused on self-care activities and self-management, including self-care practices, supportive networks, and self-care education programs in adolescent with T2DM. Some of the studies focused on the appreciation of self-care in adolescents with T2DM. This review aimed to analyse self-care and self-management among adolescents with T2DM, and discuss the impact of self-care and self-management on glycaemic control. The difficulties faced by adolescents in self-managing their disease are also highlighted. Such information is essential for healthcare providers in promoting self-care practices among adolescents with T2DM. A thorough search of the literature was performed using three databases: Medline, Google Scholar, and Scopus. The articles focused on self-care and self-management of adolescents patients with T2DM aged between 12 and 19 years old were included. Findings from this review reveal that healthy food adaptation, adequate physical activity, proper medication practices, and regular glucose monitoring are the most common self-care practices. Parental involvement and clinician encouragement also contribute toward the practice of self-care and self-management among the adolescents with T2DM. In conclusion, independent self-management regimens and supportive networks for appropriate administration are vital factors to enhance clinical outcomes of adolescents with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jafrin Jahan Eva
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Yaman Walid Kassab
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Cyberjaya University College of Medical Sciences, Cyberjaya, Malaysia
| | - Chin Fen Neoh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
- Collaborative Drug Discovery Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences Community of Research, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
- Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Yuet Yen Wong
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Bertam, Malaysia
| | | | - Yet Hoi Hong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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615
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Belhadj S, Hentati O, Hammami M, Ben Hadj A, Boudawara T, Dammak M, Zouari S, El Feki A. Metabolic impairments and tissue disorders in alloxan-induced diabetic rats are alleviated by Salvia officinalis L. essential oil. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:985-995. [PMID: 30372910 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The current research explored for the first time the effect of Salvia officinalis L. (Sage) essential oil (EO) on Alloxan-induced diabetes in male Wistar rats. Sage EO was extracted by a Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. The most important chemical families identified in this oil were oxygenated monoterpenes (56.32%), hydrocarbon monoterpenes (15.00%) and hydrocarbon sesquiterpenes (14.70%). All treatments were administered orally. In vitro investigation showed that the EO had α-amylase and lipase inhibitory activities with IC50 = 38 μg/mL and IC50 = 52 μg/mL, respectively. In vivo experiments highlighted that the activities of serum α-amylase and lipase were reduced by 46.6% and 32.1%, respectively. Sage EO reduced glycemia by 60% and the level of glycogen stored in the liver by 43.7%. Treatments of diabetes with Sage EO significantly protected the liver function by lowering serum AST (35%), ALT (79%) and LDH (43%) activities. Furthermore, Sage EO was efficient to preserve the kidney function in diabetes by reverting back serum creatinine (47%) and UA (62.5%) concentrations to control values. The obtained results altogether evidenced that Sage EO had hypoglycemic and anti-obesity effects and could be a valuable complement in future diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahla Belhadj
- UMR DIATHEC, EA 7294, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), University of Strasbourg, Boulevard René Leriche, 67200, Strasbourg, France
| | - Olfa Hentati
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax (ISBS), University of Sfax, Road of Soukra Km 4, Po Box 1175, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Majdi Hammami
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj-Cedria Technopole, University of Tunis, Hammam-Lif, Po Box. 901, 2050, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Aida Ben Hadj
- Department of Pathology, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, 3029, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Tahia Boudawara
- Department of Pathology, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, 3029, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Sami Zouari
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Environmental Chemistry, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax (ISBS), University of Sfax, Road of Soukra Km 4, Po Box 1175, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - AbdelFattah El Feki
- Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Po Box 95, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
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616
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617
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Zafar U, Khaliq S, Ahmad HU, Manzoor S, Lone KP. Metabolic syndrome: an update on diagnostic criteria, pathogenesis, and genetic links. Hormones (Athens) 2018; 17:299-313. [PMID: 30171523 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-018-0051-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), today a major global public health problem, is a cluster of clinical, metabolic, and biochemical abnormalities, such as central adiposity, hypertension, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemias. These MetS-related traits significantly increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, adverse cardiac events, stroke, and hepatic steatosis. The pathogenesis of MetS is multifactorial, with the interplay of environmental, nutritional, and genetic factors. Chronic low-grade inflammation together with visceral adipose tissue, adipocyte dysfunction, and insulin resistance plays a major role in the progression of the syndrome by impairing lipid and glucose homeostasis in insulin-sensitive tissues, such as the liver, muscle, and adipocytes. Adipose-derived inflammatory cytokines and non-esterified fatty acids establish the link between central obesity IR, inflammation, and atherogenesis. Various studies have reported an association between MetS and related traits with single-nucleotide polymorphisms of different susceptibility genes. Modulation of cytokine levels, pro-oxidants, and disturbed energy homeostasis, in relation to the genetic variations, is described in this review of the recent literature, which also provides updated data regarding the epidemiology, diagnostic criteria, and pathogenesis of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Zafar
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
- Department of Physiology, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Saba Khaliq
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Usman Ahmad
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Manzoor
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, NUST, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Khalid P Lone
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
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618
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Song C, Liu D, Yang S, Cheng L, Xing E, Chen Z. Sericin enhances the insulin-PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in the liver of a type 2 diabetes rat model. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:3345-3352. [PMID: 30250521 PMCID: PMC6145063 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate the regulatory effect of sericin on the hepatic insulin-phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway in a type 2 diabetes rat model. Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: Control group, diabetic model group, high-dose sericin group and low-dose sericin group, with 12 rats in each group. Fasting blood glucose was detected by the glucose oxidase method, and hepatic glycogen was determined by periodic acid-Schiff staining. The morphology of the liver was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Immunohistochemical staining, western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to determine the protein and mRNA expression levels of insulin receptor (IR), IR substrate-1 (IRS-1), PI3K and AKT. Compared with the control group, the blood glucose of the diabetic model group was significantly increased (P<0.05). The glycogen content and the expression levels of IR, IRS-1, PI3K and AKT in the diabetic model group were significantly lower (P<0.05), and the liver morphological structure of the diabetic model group exhibited obvious pathological changes compared with the control group. Compared with the diabetic model group, the blood glucose of the high- and low-dose sericin groups was significantly reduced, while the glycogen content and the expression levels of IR, IRS-1, PI3K and AKT in the sericin treatment groups were significantly increased (P<0.05). Additionally, the liver pathological changes of high-dose and low-dose sericin groups were markedly reduced. Sericin may enhance the signaling transduction effect of insulin by upregulating the expression levels of key factors (IR, IRS-1, PI3K and AKT) in the liver insulin-PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, thus promoting glucose transport and liver glycogen synthesis, and further reducing blood glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjun Song
- Department of Human Anatomy, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Donghui Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Songhe Yang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Luyang Cheng
- Department of Immunology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Enhong Xing
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
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619
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Santos CMM, Freitas M, Fernandes E. A comprehensive review on xanthone derivatives as α-glucosidase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:1460-1479. [PMID: 30282319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
α-Glucosidase plays an important role in carbohydrate metabolism and is therefore an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of diabetes, obesity and other related complications. In the last two decades, considerable interest has been given to natural and synthetic xanthone derivatives in this field of research. Herein, a comprehensive review of the literature on xanthones as inhibitors of α-glucosidase activity, their mechanism of action, experimental procedures and structure-activity relationships have been reviewed for more than 280 analogs. With this overview we intend to motivate and challenge researchers (e.g. chemistry, biology, pharmaceutical and medicinal areas) for the design of novel xanthones as multipotent drugs and exploit the properties of this class of compounds in the management of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clementina M M Santos
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal; Department of Chemistry, QOPNA &University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Marisa Freitas
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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620
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The Effect of Morinda citrifolia L. Fruit Juice on the Blood Sugar Level and Other Serum Parameters in Patients with Diabetes Type 2. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:3565427. [PMID: 30158993 PMCID: PMC6106972 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3565427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background The effect of the daily consumption of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) fruit juice on the physiological status of patients with diabetes type 2 (DT2) was tested over a period of two months. Methods Morinda citrifolia (Noni) fruit juice (NFJ), 2 ml per kg bw per day, was consumed by twenty patients with DT2 after they underwent a standard treatment regimen including carbohydrate reduced diet and treatment with an antidiabetic drug and/or insulin. NFJ consumption started only after no further improvement was achieved. The intake of NFJ was terminated after eight weeks. The fasting blood sugar level was monitored every morning during the entire treatment period. Blood samples were taken before, at, and four and eight weeks after the start of NFJ intake. The analysis of the blood samples included the concentration of blood glucose, HbA1c, C-peptide, hs-CRP, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL. Results The consumption of NFJ by 20 patients with DT2 resulted in a significant mean decrease of the morning blood sugar level monitored over a period of eight weeks. While NFJ reduced the blood glucose level in several but not all hyperglycemic patients, it did not cause hypoglycemia in normoglycemic patients. NFJ consumption also reduced the mean HbA1c value significantly (p= 0.033). Significant decreases (p= 0.01) were also achieved for high sensitive CRP values in patients starting with high levels (>2 mg/L), whereas no change was observed in patients with normal values (< 2 mg/L). The level of C-peptide showed a significant mean increase after four weeks of NFJ consumption in those patients who started with low levels (<3 μg/l, p=0.004, N=11) but not in patients with higher levels (> 3 μg/L). Conclusion The daily consumption of NFJ has the potential to regulate elevated blood sugar levels and some other pathological parameters in patients with DT2. NFJ therefore serves as a suitable additive to the diet of diabetic patients.
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621
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Gilstrap LG, Mehrotra A, Bai B, Rose S, Blair RA, Chernew ME. National Rates of Initiation and Intensification of Antidiabetic Therapy Among Patients With Commercial Insurance. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:1776-1782. [PMID: 29794151 PMCID: PMC8742144 DOI: 10.2337/dc17-2585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prompt initiation and intensification of antidiabetic therapy can delay or prevent complications from diabetes. We sought to understand the rates of and factors associated with the initiation and intensification of antidiabetic therapy among commercially insured patients in the U.S. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using 2008-2015 commercial claims linked with laboratory and pharmacy data, we created an initiation cohort with no prior antidiabetic drug use and an HbA1c ≥8% (64 mmol/mol) and an intensification cohort of patients with an HbA1c ≥8% (64 mmol/mol) who were on a stable dose of one noninsulin diabetes drug. Using multivariable logistic regression, we determined the rates of and factors associated with initiation and intensification. In addition, we determined the percent of variation in treatment patterns explained by measurable patient factors. RESULTS In the initiation cohort (n = 9,799), 63% of patients received an antidiabetic drug within 6 months of the elevated HbA1c test. In the intensification cohort (n = 10,941), 82% had their existing antidiabetic therapy intensified within 6 months of the elevated HbA1c test. Higher HbA1c levels, lower generic drug copayments, and more frequent office visits were associated with higher rates of both initiation and intensification. Better patient adherence prior to the elevated HbA1c level, existing therapy with a second-generation antidiabetic drug, and lower doses of existing therapy were also associated with intensification. Patient factors explained 7.96% of the variation in initiation and 7.35% of the variation in intensification. CONCLUSIONS Approximately two-thirds of patients were newly initiated on antidiabetic therapy, and four-fifths of those already receiving antidiabetic therapy had it intensified within 6 months of an elevated HbA1c in a commercially insured population. Patient factors explain 7-8% of the variation in diabetes treatment patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren G Gilstrap
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA .,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Ateev Mehrotra
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Barbara Bai
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sherri Rose
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Rachel A Blair
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Michael E Chernew
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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622
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New insights into the in vitro biological effects, in silico docking and chemical profile of clary sage – Salvia sclarea L. Comput Biol Chem 2018; 75:111-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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623
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Barmanray R, Briganti E. Glycaemic control apps for diabetes: lifting the lid. Med J Aust 2018; 209:426-427. [PMID: 30041595 DOI: 10.5694/mja18.00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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624
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Yagi Mendoza H, Yokoyama T, Tanaka T, Ii H, Yaegaki K. Regeneration of insulin-producing islets from dental pulp stem cells using a 3D culture system. Regen Med 2018; 13:673-687. [PMID: 30028236 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2018-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM In this study, we aimed to establish the differentiation protocol of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) into pancreatic islets using a 3D structure. MATERIALS & METHODS DPSCs were differentiated in a 3D culture system using a stepwise protocol. Expression of β-cell markers, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and PI3K/AKT and WNT pathways were compared between monolayer-cultured pancreatic cells and islets. RESULTS Islet formation increased insulin and C-peptide production, and enhanced the expression of pancreatic markers. Glucose-dependent secretion of insulin was increased by islets. Pancreatic endocrine markers, transcriptional factors, and the PI3K/AKT and WNT pathways were also upregulated. CONCLUSION Pancreatic islets were generated from DPSCs in a 3D culture system. This system could provide novel strategies for controlling diabetes through regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Yagi Mendoza
- Department of Oral Health, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20, Fujimi, Chiyoda ku, 102-8159 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomomi Yokoyama
- Department of Oral Health, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20, Fujimi, Chiyoda ku, 102-8159 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Tanaka
- Department of Oral Health, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20, Fujimi, Chiyoda ku, 102-8159 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisataka Ii
- Department of Oral Health, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20, Fujimi, Chiyoda ku, 102-8159 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Yaegaki
- Department of Oral Health, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20, Fujimi, Chiyoda ku, 102-8159 Tokyo, Japan
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625
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Han T, Wang W, Cao X. Purification and activity research of hypoglycemic components from the extract of mulberry (Morus albaL.) leaves. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.201800036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Han
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health; Beijing Technology and Business University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health; Beijing Technology and Business University; Beijing P. R. China
- Beijiing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Xueli Cao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health; Beijing Technology and Business University; Beijing P. R. China
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626
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Alsalahi A, Alshawsh MA, Chik Z, Mohamed Z. Effect of Catha edulis (khat) on pancreatic functions in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Exp Anim 2018; 67:517-526. [PMID: 29973470 PMCID: PMC6219881 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.18-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
People consume Catha edulis (khat) for its euphoric effect, and type 1
diabetics have claimed that khat could reduce elevated levels of blood sugar. However,
khat has been suggested to provoke diabetes mellitus through destruction of pancreatic
β-cells. This study investigated the effect of an ethanolic khat extract on pancreatic
functions in type 1 diabetes (T1DM)-induced male Sprague-Dawley rats and to assess its
in vitro cytotoxicity in rat pancreatic β-cells (RIN-14B). T1DM was
induced in a total of 20 rats with a single intraperitoneal injection of 75 mg/kg of
streptozotocin. The rats were distributed into four groups (n=5): the diabetic control, 8
IU insulin-treated, 200 mg/kg khat-treated, and 400 mg/kg khat-treated groups. Another 5
rats were included as a nondiabetic control. Body weight, fasting blood sugar, and caloric
intake were recorded weekly. Four weeks after treatment, the rats were sacrificed, and
blood was collected for insulin, lipid profile, total protein, amylase, and lipase
analysis, while pancreases were harvested for histopathology. In vitro,
khat exerted moderate cytotoxicity against RIN-14B cells after 24 and 48 h but
demonstrated greater inhibition against RIN-14B cells after 72 h. Neither 200 mg/kg nor
400 mg/kg of khat produced any significant reduction in blood sugar; however, 200 mg/kg
khat extract provoked more destruction of pancreatic β-cells as compared with the diabetic
control. Ultimately, neither 200 mg/kg nor 400 mg/kg of khat extract could produce a
hypoglycemic effect in T1DM-induced rats. However, 200 mg/kg of khat caused greater
destruction of pancreatic β-cells, implying that khat may cause a direct cytotoxic effect
on pancreatic β-cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulsamad Alsalahi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed A Alshawsh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zamri Chik
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zahurin Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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627
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Raffort J, Chinetti G, Lareyre F. Glucagon-Like peptide-1: A new therapeutic target to treat abdominal aortic aneurysm? Biochimie 2018; 152:149-154. [PMID: 30103898 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent antidiabetic drugs including GLP-1 receptor agonists and DPP-IV inhibitors have demonstrated protective effects in several cardiovascular diseases but their effect in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is far less known. AAA can be associated with extremely high rates of mortality and pharmacological treatments are still lacking underlining the real need to identify new therapeutic targets. The aim of this review was to summarize current knowledge on the role of GLP-1 pathway in AAA. A systematic literature review was performed and 6 relevant studies (2 clinical and 4 experimental) were included. Experimental studies demonstrated a protective effect of both GLP-1 receptor agonists and DPP-IV inhibitors through targeting the main pathophysiological mechanisms underlying AAA formation. The effects of these drugs in human AAA are still poorly known. In the limelight of clinical and experimental studies, we discuss current limits and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Raffort
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, University Hospital of Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, Inserm, C3M, Nice, France.
| | - Giulia Chinetti
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, University Hospital of Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, Inserm, C3M, Nice, France
| | - Fabien Lareyre
- Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, Inserm, C3M, Nice, France; Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Nice, France
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628
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Mak KK, Tan JJ, Marappan P, Balijepalli MK, Choudhury H, Ramamurthy S, Pichika MR. Galangin’s potential as a functional food ingredient. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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629
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Widhiantara IG, Arunngam P, Milas Siswanto F. Ethanolic Extract of Caesalpinia bonducella f. Seed Ameliorates Diabetes Phenotype of Streptozotocin- Nicotinamide-Induced Type 2 Diabetes Rat. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.13005/bpj/1473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Caesalpinia bonducella F. (Leguminosae) is widely used medicinal plant which contains flavonoid, tannin, saponin, and a potent antioxidant activity. However, the antihyperglycemic effect of the seed of C. bonducella is remained to be evaluated. This study used 24 male Wistar albino rats that were induced for type 2 diabetes with streptozotocin (STZ) and nicotinamide (NA). The rats were divided into three groups: the distilled water-treated group (NC group), glibenclamide-treated group (10 mg/kg/d, oral; PC group), and C. bonducella seed extract-treated group (500 mg/kg/d, oral; T group). Blood glucose and plasma insulin measurements were done after 14 days of treatment. The results showed that the postprandial blood glucose (PPBG) level of both PC and T groups were decreased significantly (p < 0.01 for both), whereas in NC group, the PPBG level was rising (p < 0.01). Glibenclamide was found to be more effective to decrease the PPBG level than C. bonducella seed extract (p < 0.01). The post-test fasting insulin level of T group was higher than other groups (p < 0.05). In summary, our results suggest that ethanolic extract of C. bonducella seed possesses antidiabetic activity against experimentally-induced type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Gede Widhiantara
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology, Dhyana Pura University, Badung, Indonesia
| | - Pakajiraporn Arunngam
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Japan
| | - Ferbian Milas Siswanto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology, Dhyana Pura University, Badung, Indonesia
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630
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Hasan M, Ali MT, Khan R, Palit P, Islam A, Seidel V, Akter R, Nahar L. Hepatoprotective, antihyperglycemic and antidiabetic effects of Dendrophthoe pentandra leaf extract in rats. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-018-0076-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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631
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Agu KC. Diabetes mellitus: A review of some of the prognostic markers of response to treatment and management. JOURNAL OF INSULIN RESISTANCE 2018. [DOI: 10.4102/jir.v3i1.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The WHO defined ‘diabetes mellitus’ (DM) as a metabolic disorder characterised by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from the defect in insulin secretion, or inaction, or both. When not identified early and controlled, acute and chronic life-threatening consequences may result. Identifying DM early for treatment and management, as well as clinically monitoring recovery and improvement during treatment, involves the assessments of biomarkers. The types, choice, sensitivity and descriptive information trends of these biomarkers are very important. Aim: Some prognostic biomarkers and parameters that this review identified include glycated haemoglobin, white blood cells, mean neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, total leukocytes and neutrophils, plasma low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein, platelet, fibrinogen, D-dimer and C-reactive proteins. Results: These parameters display increases in DM, while red blood cell, haemoglobin concentration, activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time are decreased. Conclusion: With sound knowledge of the variations of these markers and parameters, observed reversal during treatment and management of DM and its complications can be better monitored, and guided decisions can be made.
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632
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de Bem GF, Costa CA, Santos IB, Cristino Cordeiro VDS, de Carvalho LCRM, de Souza MAV, Soares RDA, Sousa PJDC, Ognibene DT, Resende AC, de Moura RS. Antidiabetic effect of Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) extract and exercise training on high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: A positive interaction. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199207. [PMID: 29920546 PMCID: PMC6007924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests a protective role of polyphenols and exercise training on the disorders of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to assess the effect of the açaí seed extract (ASE) associated with exercise training on diabetic complications induced by high-fat (HF) diet plus streptozotocin (STZ) in rats. Type 2 diabetes was induced by feeding rats with HF diet (55% fat) for 5 weeks and a single dose of STZ (35 mg/kg i.p.). Control (C) and Diabetic (D) animals were subdivided into four groups each: Sedentary, Training, ASE Sedentary, and ASE Training. ASE (200 mg/kg/day) was administered by gavage and the exercise training was performed on a treadmill (30min/day; 5 days/week) for 4 weeks after the diabetes induction. In type 2 diabetic rats, the treatment with ASE reduced blood glucose, insulin resistance, leptin and IL-6 levels, lipid profile, and vascular dysfunction. ASE increased the expression of insulin signaling proteins in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue and plasma GLP-1 levels. ASE associated with exercise training potentiated the reduction of glycemia by decreasing TNF-α levels, increasing pAKT and adiponectin expressions in adipose tissue, and IR and pAMPK expressions in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic rats. In conclusion, ASE treatment has an antidiabetic effect in type 2 diabetic rats by activating the insulin-signaling pathway in muscle and adipose tissue, increasing GLP-1 levels, and an anti-inflammatory action. Exercise training potentiates the glucose-lowering effect of ASE by activating adiponectin-AMPK pathway and increasing IR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziele Freitas de Bem
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Aguiar Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Izabelle Barcellos Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ricardo de Andrade Soares
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Dayane Teixeira Ognibene
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Angela Castro Resende
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Roberto Soares de Moura
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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633
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Montojo MT, Aganzo M, González N. Huntington's Disease and Diabetes: Chronological Sequence of its Association. J Huntingtons Dis 2018; 6:179-188. [PMID: 28968242 PMCID: PMC5676851 DOI: 10.3233/jhd-170253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Although Huntington’s disease (HD) is primarily considered a rare neurodegenerative disorder, it has been linked to glucose metabolism alterations and diabetes, as has been described in other neuro syndromes such as Friedreich’s ataxia or Alzheimer’s disease. This review surveys the existing literature on HD and its potential relationship with diabetes, glucose metabolism-related indexes and pancreas morphology, in humans and in animal’s models. The information is reported in chronological sequence. That is, studies performed before and after the identification of the genetic defect underlying HD (CAG: encoding glutamine ≥36 repeats located in exon 1 of the HTT gene) and with the development and evolution of HD animal models. The aim of the review is to evaluate whether impaired glucose metabolism contributes to the development of HD, and whether optimized glycemic control may ameliorate the symptoms of HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Teresa Montojo
- Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders Unit, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Aganzo
- Division of Endocrinology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nieves González
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autónoma University, Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM) network, Madrid, Spain
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634
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Chen D, Sun J, Dong W, Shen Y, Xu Z. Effects of polysaccharides and polyphenolics fractions of Zijuan tea (Camellia sinensis var. kitamura
) on α-glucosidase activity and blood glucose level and glucose tolerance of hyperglycaemic mice. Int J Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dejing Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources; Shaanxi University of Technology; Hanzhong, Shaanxi China
- School of Biological Science and Engineering; Shaanxi University of Technology; Hanzhong, Shaanxi China
| | - Jingyuan Sun
- School of Biological Science and Engineering; Shaanxi University of Technology; Hanzhong, Shaanxi China
| | - Weixue Dong
- School of Biological Science and Engineering; Shaanxi University of Technology; Hanzhong, Shaanxi China
| | - Yixiao Shen
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences; Louisiana State University Agricultural Center; Baton Rouge LA USA
| | - Zhimin Xu
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences; Louisiana State University Agricultural Center; Baton Rouge LA USA
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635
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Ebrahimpour-Koujan S, Gargari BP, Mobasseri M, Valizadeh H, Asghari-Jafarabadi M. Lower glycemic indices and lipid profile among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who received novel dose of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. (silymarin) extract supplement: A Triple-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 44:39-44. [PMID: 29895491 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This randomized clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of silymarin supplementation on glycemic indices and serum lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. METHODS 40 T2DM patients (twenty male and twenty female), 25-50 years of age and on stable medication, were recruited for the present paralleled, randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. The participants were randomly assigned to the silymarin or placebo groups, in which the patients either received 140 mg of silymarin, thrice daily (n = 20) or placebo (n = 20) for 45 days. Anthropometric and dietary intake data were collected at the baseline and end of the trial. Fasting blood samples were collected, and glycemic indices and lipid profile were determined at baseline, as well as the end of the study. RESULTS Silymarin supplementation led to significant reduction in fasting blood sugar, serum insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, serum triglyceride and triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio as compared to the placebo, by 11.01, 14.35, 25.92, 23.7 and 27.67% respectively. There was significant increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index in the silymarin group as compared to the placebo group, by 6.88 and 5.64% respectively, (p < 0.05). Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations significantly decreased in the silymarin group as compared to the baseline, by 7.93 (p = 0.001) and 7.15% (p = 0.02), respectively. CONCLUSION Silymarin supplementation may improve the glycemic indices and lipid profiles of T2DM patients. More studies are needed to validate the adjunct use of silymarin for metabolic control of T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraiya Ebrahimpour-Koujan
- Students' Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahram Pourghassem Gargari
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Majid Mobasseri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science. Tabriz. Iran
| | - Hadi Valizadeh
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asghari-Jafarabadi
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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636
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As-required administration of sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors: three case studies. DRUGS & THERAPY PERSPECTIVES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40267-018-0485-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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637
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Ordelheide AM, Hrabě de Angelis M, Häring HU, Staiger H. Pharmacogenetics of oral antidiabetic therapy. Pharmacogenomics 2018; 19:577-587. [PMID: 29580198 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2017-0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes prevalence is still on the rise worldwide. Antidiabetic drugs are widely prescribed to patients with Type 2 diabetes. Most patients start with metformin which is mostly well tolerated. However, a high percentage of patients fail to achieve glycemic control. The effectiveness of metformin as well as most other antidiabetic drugs depends among other factors on interindividual genetic differences that are up to now ignored in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes. Interestingly, many genes influencing the effectiveness of antidiabetic drugs are Type 2 diabetes risk genes making matters worse. Here, we shed light on these interindividual genetic differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maria Ordelheide
- Institute for Diabetes Research & Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabě de Angelis
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair for Experimental Genetics, Technical University Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Häring
- Institute for Diabetes Research & Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine IV, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Angiology, Nephrology & Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Center for Pharmacogenomics & PharmaResearch at the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Harald Staiger
- Institute for Diabetes Research & Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Interfaculty Center for Pharmacogenomics & PharmaResearch at the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy & Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
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638
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The effectiveness, reproducibility, and durability of tailored mobile coaching on diabetes management in policyholders: A randomized, controlled, open-label study. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3642. [PMID: 29483559 PMCID: PMC5827660 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22034-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This randomized, controlled, open-label study conducted in Kangbuk Samsung Hospital evaluated the effectiveness, reproducibility, and durability of tailored mobile coaching (TMC) on diabetes management. The participants included 148 Korean adult policyholders with type 2 diabetes divided into the Intervention-Maintenance (I-M) group (n = 74) and Control-Intervention (C-I) group (n = 74). Intervention was the addition of TMC to typical diabetes care. In the 6-month phase 1, the I-M group received TMC, and the C-I group received their usual diabetes care. During the second 6-month phase 2, the C-I group received TMC, and the I-M group received only regular information messages. After the 6-month phase 1, a significant decrease (0.6%) in HbA1c levels compared with baseline values was observed in only the I-M group (from 8.1 ± 1.4% to 7.5 ± 1.1%, P < 0.001 based on a paired t-test). At the end of phase 2, HbA1c levels in the C-I group decreased by 0.6% compared with the value at 6 months (from 7.9 ± 1.5 to 7.3 ± 1.0, P < 0.001 based on a paired t-test). In the I-M group, no changes were observed. Both groups showed significant improvements in frequency of blood-glucose testing and exercise. In conclusion, addition of TMC to conventional treatment for diabetes improved glycemic control, and this effect was maintained without individualized message feedback.
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639
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Structural Dynamics of DPP-4 and Its Influence on the Projection of Bioactive Ligands. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020490. [PMID: 29473857 PMCID: PMC6017819 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) is a target to treat type II diabetes mellitus. Therefore, it is important to understand the structural aspects of this enzyme and its interaction with drug candidates. This study involved molecular dynamics simulations, normal mode analysis, binding site detection and analysis of molecular interactions to understand the protein dynamics. We identified some DPP-4 functional motions contributing to the exposure of the binding sites and twist movements revealing how the two enzyme chains are interconnected in their bioactive form, which are defined as chains A (residues 40-767) and B (residues 40-767). By understanding the enzyme structure, its motions and the regions of its binding sites, it will be possible to contribute to the design of new DPP-4 inhibitors as drug candidates to treat diabetes.
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640
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Chávez-Silva F, Cerón-Romero L, Arias-Durán L, Navarrete-Vázquez G, Almanza-Pérez J, Román-Ramos R, Ramírez-Ávila G, Perea-Arango I, Villalobos-Molina R, Estrada-Soto S. Antidiabetic effect of Achillea millefollium through multitarget interactions: α-glucosidases inhibition, insulin sensitization and insulin secretagogue activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 212:1-7. [PMID: 29031783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae) is a perennial herb used in Mexican folk medicine for treatment of several pathologies, including inflammatory and spasmodic gastrointestinal disorders, hepatobiliary complaints, overactive cardiovascular, respiratory ailments and diabetes. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the potential antidiabetic effect in vivo and to establish the potential mode of action through in vitro approaches of Achillea millefolium. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antidiabetic effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Achillea millefolium (HAEAm) was evaluated on the oral glucose tolerance tests, in normoglycemic and experimental Type 2 diabetic mice models. In addition, we evaluated the possible mode of action in in vitro assays to determine α-glucosidases inhibition, the insulin secretion and calcium mobilization in RINm5F cells and PPARγ and GLUT4 expression in 3T3-L1 cells. RESULTS HAEAm showed significant glucose diminution on oral glucose tolerance test and in acute experimental Type 2 diabetic assay with respect to the control (p < 0.05). In addition, HAEAm promoted the α-glucosidases inhibition by 55% at 1mg/ml respect to control. On the other hand, HAEAm increased the PPARγ (five-times) and GLUT4 (two-fold) relative expression than control (p < 0.05). Finally, HAEAm significantly increased the insulin secretion and [Ca2+]i compared with control. CONCLUSION The HAEAm possesses in vivo antidiabetic effect, having such effect through multitarget modes of action that involve antihyperglycemic (α-glucosidases inhibition), hypoglycemic (insulin secretion) and potential insulin sensitizer (PPARγ/GLUT4 overexpression) actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Chávez-Silva
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico
| | - Litzia Cerón-Romero
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico
| | - Luis Arias-Durán
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico
| | | | - Julio Almanza-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Depto. Ciencias de la Salud, D.C.B.S., Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México 09340, Mexico
| | - Rubén Román-Ramos
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Depto. Ciencias de la Salud, D.C.B.S., Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México 09340, Mexico
| | | | - Irene Perea-Arango
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico
| | - Rafael Villalobos-Molina
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México 54090, Mexico
| | - Samuel Estrada-Soto
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico.
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641
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Castilla-Guerra L, Fernandez-Moreno MDC, Leon-Jimenez D, Carmona-Nimo E. Antidiabetic drugs and stroke risk. Current evidence. Eur J Intern Med 2018; 48:1-5. [PMID: 28939005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality for individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In particular, the risk for stroke is twice that of patients without diabetes, and diabetes may be responsible for >8% of first ischemic strokes. Therefore, the way to prevent stroke in these patients has become an important issue. Traditionally, glucose-lowering drugs had not been shown to protect against stroke. Moreover, several antidiabetic drugs (i.e., sulfonylureas, rosiglitazone) have been reported to be associated with increased risks of CVD and stroke. On the contrary, data on the CV risks and benefits associated with new antidiabetic treatment in patients with T2D are emerging - and look promising. Therefore, it could be of great value to find out if any type of these new antidiabetic agents has protective effect against stroke. We review the available evidence regarding the risk of stroke in individuals taking non-insulin antidiabetic agents. To date, several antidiabetic agents have shown to have a positive effect on stroke prevention. The accumulated evidence suggests that metformin, pioglitazone and semaglutide reduce stroke risk. These agents do not represent only a way of controlling blood glucose and but also offer the opportunity to reduce stroke risk. Surely, new data from ongoing and future studies will provide additional information to select the best treatment for decreasing stroke risk in T2D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Castilla-Guerra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Virgen Macarena, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
| | | | - David Leon-Jimenez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Virgen Macarena, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Eduardo Carmona-Nimo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Virgen Macarena, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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642
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Conlon JM, Mechkarska M, Abdel-Wahab YH, Flatt PR. Peptides from frog skin with potential for development into agents for Type 2 diabetes therapy. Peptides 2018; 100:275-281. [PMID: 28887047 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Several frog skin peptides, first identified as result of their antimicrobial or immunomodulatory activities, have subsequently been shown to stimulate insulin release both in vitro and in vivo and so show potential for development into incretin-based drugs for treatment of patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, their therapeutic potential as anti-diabetic agents is not confined to this activity as certain frog skin-derived peptides, such as magainin-AM2 and CPF-SE1 and analogs of hymenochirin-1B, tigerinin-1R, and esculentin-2CHa, have been shown to increase insulin sensitivity, promote β-cell proliferation, suppress pancreatic and circulating glucagon concentrations, improve the lipid profile, and selectively alter expression of genes involved in insulin secretion and action in mice with diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance. This review assesses the therapeutic possibilities of peptides from frogs belonging to the Pipidae, Dicroglossidae, and Ranidae families, focusing upon work that has been carried out since 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Michael Conlon
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK.
| | - Milena Mechkarska
- Department of Life Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Yasser H Abdel-Wahab
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Peter R Flatt
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK
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643
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Moheet A, Moran A. Pharmacological management of cystic fibrosis related diabetes. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2018; 11:185-191. [DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2018.1421065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Moheet
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Antoinette Moran
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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644
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A new polyacetylene glucoside from Vernonia scorpioides and its potential antihyperglycemic effect. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 279:95-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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645
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Habtemariam S. Antidiabetic Potential of Monoterpenes: A Case of Small Molecules Punching above Their Weight. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 19:ijms19010004. [PMID: 29267214 PMCID: PMC5795956 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoterpenes belong to the terpenoids class of natural products and are bio-synthesized through the mevalonic acid pathway. Their small molecular weight coupled with high non-polar nature make them the most abundant components of essential oils which are often considered to have some general antioxidant and antimicrobial effects at fairly high concentrations. These compounds are however reported to have antidiabetic effects in recent years. Thanks to the ingenious biosynthetic machinery of nature, they also display a fair degree of structural complexity/diversity for further consideration in structure-activity studies. In the present communication, the merit of monoterpenes as antidiabetic agents is scrutinized by assessing recent in vitro and in vivo studies reported in the scientific literature. Both the aglycones and glycosides of these compounds of rather small structural size appear to display antidiabetic along with antiobesity and lipid lowering effects. The diversity of these effects vis-à-vis their structures and mechanisms of actions are discussed. Some key pharmacological targets include the insulin signaling pathways and/or the associated PI3K-AKT (protein kinase B), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathways; proinflammatory cytokines and the NF-κB pathway; glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver; glucagon-like-1 receptor (GLP-1R); among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories & Herbal Analysis Services, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham-Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK.
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646
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Şöhretoğlu D, Sari S, Özel A, Barut B. α-Glucosidase inhibitory effect of Potentilla astracanica and some isoflavones: Inhibition kinetics and mechanistic insights through in vitro and in silico studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 105:1062-1070. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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647
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Wang X, Ackermann M, Neufurth M, Wang S, Li Q, Feng Q, Schröder HC, Müller WEG. Restoration of Impaired Metabolic Energy Balance (ATP Pool) and Tube Formation Potential of Endothelial Cells under "high glucose", Diabetic Conditions by the Bioinorganic Polymer Polyphosphate. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E575. [PMID: 30965879 PMCID: PMC6418735 DOI: 10.3390/polym9110575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro-vascularization is a fast, energy-dependent process that is compromised by elevated glucose concentrations such as in diabetes mellitus disease. Here, we studied the effect of the physiological bioinorganic polymer, polyphosphate (polyP), on the reduced ATP content and impaired function of endothelial cells cultivated under "high glucose" (35 mM diabetes mellitus conditions) concentrations. This high-energy biopolymer has been shown to provide a source of metabolic energy, stored in its phosphoanhydride bonds. We show that exposure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC cells) to "high glucose" levels results in reduced cell viability, increased apoptotic cell death, and a decline in intracellular ATP level. As a consequence, the ability of HUVEC cells to form tube-like structures in the in vitro cell tube formation assay was almost completely abolished under "high glucose" conditions. Those cells were grown onto a physiological collagen scaffold (collagen/basement membrane extract). We demonstrate that these adverse effects of increased glucose levels can be reversed by administration of polyP to almost normal values. Using Na-polyP, complexed in a stoichiometric (molar) ratio to Ca2+ ions and in the physiological concentration range between 30 and 300 µM, an almost complete restoration of the reduced ATP pool of cells exposed to "high glucose" was found, as well as a normalization of the number of apoptotic cells and energy-dependent tube formation. It is concluded that the adverse effects on endothelial cells caused by the metabolic energy imbalance at elevated glucose concentrations can be counterbalanced by polyP, potentially opening new strategies for treatment of the micro-vascular complications in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Maximilian Ackermann
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Johann Joachim Becher Weg 13, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Meik Neufurth
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Shunfeng Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Qiang Li
- Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, No. 50, Qixing Road, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Qingling Feng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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648
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Paudel YN, Ali MR, Adil M, Bawa S, Sharma M. “2-(4-Fluorobenzamido)-4-methylthiazole-5-carboxylic acid” a novel thiazole compound, ameliorates insulin sensitivity and hyperlipidaemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: Plausible role of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1232-1241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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649
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Anioke I, Okwuosa C, Uchendu I, Chijioke O, Dozie-Nwakile O, Ikegwuonu I, Kalu P, Okafor M. Investigation into Hypoglycemic, Antihyperlipidemic, and Renoprotective Potentials of Dennettia tripetala (Pepper Fruit) Seed in a Rat Model of Diabetes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:6923629. [PMID: 29181401 PMCID: PMC5664378 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6923629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the hypoglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, and renoprotective potentials of Dennettia tripetala (DT) in a rat model of diabetes. The hypoglycemic activity in crude methanol seed extract of DT (CMEDT) and methanol seed fraction of DT (MFDT) measured by glucose oxidase method was increased by 47.37% and 28.72%, respectively, after 8 hours of administration. After 10 days of treatment, CMEDT and MFDT gave a good glycemic control with the highest percentage reduction of 75.82% and 71.34% in glucose level, respectively, which is closely compared with 79.91% in glibenclamide. Using the enzymatic assay and Friedewald's equation, there was a significant reduction in serum level of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (p < 0.05) following treatment with CMEDT and MFDT, when compared with the untreated group, although results varied in dosed groups, with high dose of MFDT showing a better lipid-lowering activity. High dose of MFDT improved lipid metabolism and increased percentage protection against atherogenesis by 44%. However, neither CMEDT nor MFDT ameliorated the renal biochemical alteration in urea and creatinine. Thus, the study demonstrates hypoglycemic and antihyperlipidemic potentials of DT seed in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Innocent Anioke
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Chukwugozie Okwuosa
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Ikenna Uchendu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Olive Chijioke
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Ogechukwu Dozie-Nwakile
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Ifeoma Ikegwuonu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Peculiar Kalu
- Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - Maryann Okafor
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
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650
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Quercetin/oleic acid-based G-protein-coupled receptor 40 ligands as new insulin secretion modulators. Future Med Chem 2017; 9:1873-1885. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus by diet is achievable at the early stage of the disease; patients usually underestimate this approach and an appropriate drug therapy is required. Results: Starting from quercetin and oleic acid, that have effect on insulin secretion, a small set of hybrid molecules was synthesized. Insulin secretion was evaluated in both in vitro and ex vivo models. AV1 was able to enhance insulin secretion dose dependently, behaving as a conceivable agonist of G-protein-coupled receptor 40. Conclusion: AV1 represents an interesting tool that interacts with G-protein-coupled receptor 40. Further studies will be carried out to evaluate the exact binding mode, and also to enlarge the library of these antidiabetic agents. [Formula: see text]
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