651
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Cordova-Gomez M, Galano A, Alvarez-Idaboy JR. Piceatannol, a better peroxyl radical scavenger than resveratrol. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42923g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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652
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Mosca M, Diantom A, Lopez F, Ambrosone L, Ceglie A. Impact of antioxidants dispersions on the stability and oxidation of water-in-olive-oil emulsions. Eur Food Res Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-012-1895-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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653
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Antioxidant therapy: still in search of the 'magic bullet'. Mitochondrion 2012; 13:427-35. [PMID: 23246773 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2012.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of natural phenolic antioxidants in human diseases associated with oxidative damage has received great attention to date. Appraisal of literature evidences that, in general, antioxidant therapy has enjoyed relative successes in preclinical studies but little benefits in human intervention studies or clinical trials. In fact, despite the huge, largely untapped potential therapeutic benefit of natural phenolic antioxidants, such as vitamins, non-flavonoid and flavonoid compounds, they appear not to be suitable drug candidates. The problem may be related, among others, to their non-drug-likeness properties. Though controversial the results obtained so far confirm the importance of exploring phenolic natural systems as safe templates for the design of new antioxidants. To support the assumption an outlook of the lead structural optimization process to improve ADME properties was given by means of natural hydroxycinnamic acids as a case study. The optimization of drug physicochemical properties and the development of appropriate delivery antioxidant systems can provide in the next future a way out to attain effective therapeutic antioxidant agents.
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654
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Xue Y, Zhang L, Li Y, Yu D, Zheng Y, An L, Gong X, Liu Y. A DFT study on the structure and radical scavenging activity of newly synthesized hydroxychalcones. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunsheng Xue
- Chemical and Biological Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
- School of Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Chemical and Biological Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
- School of Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
| | - Yanli Li
- School of Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
| | - Ding Yu
- School of Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
| | - Youguang Zheng
- Chemical and Biological Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
- School of Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
| | - Lin An
- Chemical and Biological Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
- School of Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
| | - Xuedong Gong
- Department of Chemistry; Nanjing University of Science and Technology; Nanjing Jiangsu 210094 China
| | - Yi Liu
- Chemical and Biological Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
- School of Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
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655
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Mammino L. Investigation of the antioxidant properties of hyperjovinol A through its Cu(II) coordination ability. J Mol Model 2012; 19:2127-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-012-1684-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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656
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Marković Z, Milenković D, Đorović J, Dimitrić Marković JM, Stepanić V, Lučić B, Amić D. Free radical scavenging activity of morin 2′-O− phenoxide anion. Food Chem 2012; 135:2070-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.05.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Revised: 05/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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657
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Synthesis and antioxidant activity of hydroxylated phenanthrenes as cis-restricted resveratrol analogues. Food Chem 2012; 135:1011-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.05.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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658
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Najafi M, Najafi M, Najafi H. DFT/B3LYP study of the substituent effects on the reaction enthalpies of the antioxidant mechanisms of Indole-3-Carbinol derivatives in the gas-phase and water. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2012.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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659
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Gao Y, Zhao J, Zu Y, Fu Y, Liang L, Luo M, Wang W, Efferth T. Antioxidant properties, superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase activities in HepG2 cells with a fungal endophyte producing apigenin from pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.]. Food Res Int 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2012.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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660
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Rodríguez RÁ, Lahoz IR, Faza ON, Cid MM, Lopez CS. Theoretical and experimental exploration of the photochemistry of resveratrol: beyond the simple double bond isomerization. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:9175-82. [PMID: 23051743 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob26241j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The photochemical isomerization of resveratrol has been the subject of recent studies in which contradictory results were reported. The photoproduct mixture of this reaction needs to be considered more complex than the coexistence of cis and trans isomers. An unidentified third product, at least, has been detected in various studies although its nature was unknown. In this work, we aim to provide a thorough description of the photochemical course of this reaction through experimental and computational approaches working in a synergetic association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roi Álvarez Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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661
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Nenadis N, Tsimidou MZ. Contribution of DFT computed molecular descriptors in the study of radical scavenging activity trend of natural hydroxybenzaldehydes and corresponding acids. Food Res Int 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2012.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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662
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Li J, Jin R. DFT study on the radical scavenging activity of β,β-dimethylacrylalkannin derivatives. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2012.680887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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663
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Navas MJ, Jiménez-Moreno AM, Bueno JM, Sáez-Plaza P, Asuero AG. Analysis and Antioxidant Capacity of Anthocyanin Pigments. Part IV: Extraction of Anthocyanins. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2012.680343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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664
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Navas MJ, Jiménez-Moreno AM, Bueno JM, Sáez-Plaza P, Asuero AG. Analysis and Antioxidant Capacity of Anthocyanin Pigments. Part III: An Introduction to Sample Preparation and Extraction. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2012.680341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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665
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Köysal Y, Oztürk Yildirim S, Butcher RJ, Düğdü E. 1,1,2,2-Tetra-kis[2,4-dichloro-6-(dieth-oxy-meth-yl)phen-oxy-meth-yl]ethene. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2012; 68:o2993-4. [PMID: 23125766 PMCID: PMC3470353 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536812038299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, C(50)H(60)Cl(8)O(12), the mol-ecules are disordered about an inversion center located at the mid-point of the central C=C bond. These atoms show disorder and were modelled with two different orientations with site occupancies of 0.828 (3) and 0.172 (3). The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings in the asymmetric unit is 52.80 (6)°. Intramolecular C-H⋯O and C-H⋯Cl interactions occur and the crystal packing features inversion dimers linked by pairs of C-H⋯O bonds, generating R(2) (2)(10) loops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yavuz Köysal
- Yeşilyurt Demir Çelik Vocational School, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
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666
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On the free radical scavenging mechanism of protocatechuic acid, regeneration of the catechol group in aqueous solution. Theor Chem Acc 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-012-1265-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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667
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Kosalec I, Kremer D, Locatelli M, Epifano F, Genovese S, Carlucci G, Randić M, Zovko Končić M. Anthraquinone profile, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of bark extracts of Rhamnus alaternus, R. fallax, R. intermedia and R. pumila. Food Chem 2012; 136:335-41. [PMID: 23122067 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Revised: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The quantity of phenols, as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, were investigated in bark of Rhamnus alaternus L., R. fallax Boiss., R. intermedia Steud. et Hochst., and R. pumila Turra from natural stands in Croatia. The most abundant anthraquinones in the investigated extracts were chrysophanol in R. alaternus (3.14 mg/g), emodin in R. pumila (0.339 mg/g), and physcion in R. fallax (2.70 mg/g) and R. intermedia (0.285 mg/g). The species exhibiting the highest antioxidant activity were R. fallax and R. pumila. A positive correlation was observed between total phenolic and flavonoid levels of the extracts and antioxidant activity in some of the assays. All species showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger and Microsporum gypseum with minimal inhibitory concentrations equal to or below 2.500 mg/mL. The results indicate that the investigated Rhamnus species are a source of anthraquinones and other phenols, which act as multifunctional antioxidants with antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Kosalec
- University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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668
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Zeng WC, Zhang Z, Gao H, Jia LR, He Q. Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oil from Pine Needle (Cedrus deodara). J Food Sci 2012; 77:C824-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02767.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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669
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Vagánek A, Rimarčík J, Lukeš V, Klein E. On the energetics of homolytic and heterolytic OH bond cleavage in flavonoids. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2012.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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670
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Preservation of polyunsaturated fatty acyl glycerides via intramolecular antioxidant coupling. Chem Phys Lipids 2012; 165:530-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2012.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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671
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Tebrophen--an old polyphenol drug with anticancer potential. Molecules 2012; 17:7864-86. [PMID: 22743590 PMCID: PMC6268439 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17077864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro high-throughput screening was carried out in order to detect new activities for old drugs and to select compounds for the drug development process comprising new indications. Tebrophen, a known antiviral drug, was found to inhibit activities on inflammation and cancer related targets. In primary screening this semisynthetic halogenated polyphenol was identified to inhibit the activities of kinases ZAP-70 and Lck (IC50 0.34 µM and 16 µM, respectively), as well as hydrolase DPPIV (at 80 µM 41% inhibition). Next, it showed no cytotoxic effects on standard cell lines within 24 h. However, tebrophen slowed propagation of breast cancer (MDA-MB-231), osteosarcoma (U2OS) and cervical carcinoma (HeLa), through at least 35 population doublings in a dose-dependent manner. It completely stopped the division of the prostate cancer (PC3) cell line at 50 µM concentration and the cells entered massive cell death in less than 20 days. On the other hand, tebrophen did not influence the growth of normal fibroblasts. According to the measured oxidative burst and estimated in silico parameters its direct antioxidative ability is limited. The obtained results indicate that tebrophen can be considered a promising lead molecule for generating more soluble derivatives with specific anticancer efficacy.
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672
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673
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Viegas O, Amaro LF, Ferreira IMPLVO, Pinho O. Inhibitory effect of antioxidant-rich marinades on the formation of heterocyclic aromatic amines in pan-fried beef. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:6235-6240. [PMID: 22642699 DOI: 10.1021/jf302227b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The inhibitory effect of antioxidant-rich marinades containing beer and white wine (with/without alcohol) alone or mixed with herbs commonly used as meat flavoring (garlic, ginger, thyme, rosemary, and red chili pepper) on the formation of heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAs) in pan-fried beef was studied. Radical-scavenging activity was evaluated by DPPH assay, before the addition of meat to the marinade (T0) and after 4 h of meat marinating (T4). At T0, wine with herbs possessed the highest scavenging activity (73.5%), followed by wine (72.5%), dealcoholized wine with herbs (53.4%), beer and herbs (41.7%), dealcoholized wine (39.6%), and beer (25.9%). At T4, a decrease in the radical-scavenging activity of all marinades was observed, although with a similar radical-scavenging profile. All of the six marinades under the study reduced the total amount of HAs, keeping meat with good overall sensory quality. Beer marinades were more efficient than white wine marinades, and the addition of herbs provided a superior inhibitory effect, reducing around 90% of HAs. No correlation was observed between radical-scavenging activity of marinades and total or individual HAs formation. Herbs explained around 30% of inhibition of PhIP formation, whereas alcohol increased PhIP formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Viegas
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
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674
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Galano A, León-Carmona JR, Alvarez-Idaboy JR. Influence of the Environment on the Protective Effects of Guaiacol Derivatives against Oxidative Stress: Mechanisms, Kinetics, and Relative Antioxidant Activity. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:7129-37. [DOI: 10.1021/jp302810w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col.
Vicentina, Iztapalapa, C. P. 09340,
México DF México
| | - Jorge Rafael León-Carmona
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col.
Vicentina, Iztapalapa, C. P. 09340,
México DF México
| | - Juan Raúl Alvarez-Idaboy
- Departamento de Física
y Química Teórica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF 04510, México
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675
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Design, synthesis, and antitumor evaluation of 2,4,6-triaryl pyridines containing chlorophenyl and phenolic moiety. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 52:123-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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676
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Nawwar M, Ayoub N, Hussein S, Hashim A, El-Sharawy R, Wende K, Harms M, Lindequist U. Flavonol triglycoside and investigation of the antioxidant and cell stimulating activities of Annona muricata Linn. Arch Pharm Res 2012; 35:761-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-012-0501-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Revised: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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677
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León-Carmona JR, Alvarez-Idaboy JR, Galano A. On the peroxyl scavenging activity of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives: mechanisms, kinetics, and importance of the acid-base equilibrium. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:12534-43. [PMID: 22511179 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp40651a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The peroxyl radical scavenging activity of four hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives (HCAD) has been studied in non-polar and aqueous solutions, using the density functional theory. The studied HCAD are: ferulic acid (4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid), p-coumaric acid (trans-4-hydroxycinnamic acid), caffeic acid (3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid), and dihydrocaffeic acid (3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propionic acid). It was found that the polarity of the environment plays an important role in the relative efficiency of these compounds as peroxyl scavengers. It was also found that in aqueous solution the pH is a key factor for the overall reactivity of HCAD towards peroxyl radicals, for their relative antioxidant capacity, and for the relative importance of the different mechanisms of reaction. The H transfer from the phenolic OH has been identified as the main mechanism of reaction in non-polar media and in aqueous solution at acid pHs. On the other hand, the single electron transfer mechanism from the phenoxide anion is proposed to be the one contributing the most to the overall peroxyl scavenging activity of HCAD in aqueous solution at physiological pH (7.4). This process is also predicted to be a key factor in the reactivity of these compounds towards a large variety of free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Rafael León-Carmona
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col, Vicentina, Iztapalapa, C. P. 09340, México DF, México
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678
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KALITA DIPIKA, KAR RAHUL, HANDIQUE JYOTIREKHAG. A THEORETICAL STUDY ON THE ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTY OF GALLIC ACID AND ITS DERIVATIVES. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633612500277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We analyze the antioxidant property of four phenolic compounds i.e., gallic acid, methyl gallate, ethyl gallate, and 4, 5-dihydroxy 3-methoxy benzoic acid through the determination of bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE), vertical ionization potential ( IP v) in gas phase as well as in six different solvent medium. The theoretical trends of these phenolic compounds, based on BDE and IP, is compared with the scavenging activity towards HOCl . In addition, we compute and analyze the values of the density-based reactivity descriptors such as chemical potential, hardness, electrophilicity, and local softness.
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Affiliation(s)
- DIPIKA KALITA
- Department of Chemistry, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India-786004, India
| | - RAHUL KAR
- Department of Chemistry, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India-786004, India
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679
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Iuga C, Alvarez-Idaboy JR, Russo N. Antioxidant activity of trans-resveratrol toward hydroxyl and hydroperoxyl radicals: a quantum chemical and computational kinetics study. J Org Chem 2012; 77:3868-77. [PMID: 22475027 DOI: 10.1021/jo3002134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we have carried out a systematic study of the antioxidant activity of trans-resveratrol toward hydroxyl ((•)OH) and hydroperoxyl ((•)OOH) radicals in aqueous simulated media using density functional quantum chemistry and computational kinetics methods. All possible mechanisms have been considered: hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET), sequential electron proton transfer (SEPT), and radical adduct formation (RAF). Rate constants have been calculated using conventional transition state theory in conjunction with the Collins-Kimball theory. Branching ratios for the different paths contributing to the overall reaction, at 298 K, are reported. For the global reactivity of trans-resveratrol toward (•)OH radicals, in water at physiological pH, the main mechanism of reaction is proposed to be the sequential electron proton transfer (SEPT). However, we show that trans-resveratrol always reacts with (•)OH radicals at a rate that is diffusion-controlled, independent of the reaction pathway. This explains why trans-resveratrol is an excellent but very unselective (•)OH radical scavenger that provides antioxidant protection to the cell. Reaction between trans-resveratrol and the hydroperoxyl radical occurs only by phenolic hydrogen abstraction. The total rate coefficient is predicted to be 1.42 × 10(5) M(-1) s(-1), which is much smaller than the ones for reactions of trans-resveratrol with (•)OH radicals, but still important. Since the (•)OOH half-life time is several orders larger than the one of the (•)OH radical, it should contribute significantly to trans-resveratrol oxidation in aqueous biological media. Thus, trans-resveratrol may act as an efficient (•)OOH, and also presumably (•)OOR, radical scavenger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Iuga
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco, 02200 México DF, Mexico.
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680
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Ajitha MJ, Mohanlal S, Suresh CH, Jayalekshmy A. DPPH radical scavenging activity of tricin and its conjugates isolated from "Njavara" rice bran: a density functional theory study. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:3693-3699. [PMID: 22397636 DOI: 10.1021/jf204826e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Structural, electronic, and energetic characteristics of tricin, tricin-4'-O-(erythro-β-guaiacylglyceryl)ether (TEGE), and tricin-4'-O-(threo-β-guaiacylglyceryl)ether (TTGE), isolated from "Njavara" rice bran have been studied using DFT to explain their experimentally determined radical scavenging activity (EC(50) values) in comparison with known standards such as quercetin, myricetin, and catechin. Among the three mechanisms proposed for explaining the antioxidant activity, proton coupled-electron transfer (PC-ET), sequential proton loss electron transfer (SPLET), and electron transfer-proton transfer (ET-PT), our results support the second one. The O-H bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE) and the spin density on the oxygen with the radical character are excellent descriptors of radical scavenging activity. BDE (in kcal/mol) increased in the order myricetin (74.6) < quercetin (78.1) < catechin (78.3) < tricin (81.5) < TTGE (90.6) < TEGE (91.1), while the EC(50) increased exponentially with increase in BDE, 20.51, 42.98, 45.07, 90.39, 208.01, and 352.04 μg/mL for myricetin, quercetin, catechin, tricin, TTGE, and TEGE, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjaly J Ajitha
- Computational Modeling and Simulation Section, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), CSIR, Trivandrum, India
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681
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Marković Z, Milenković D, Đorović J, Dimitrić Marković JM, Stepanić V, Lučić B, Amić D. PM6 and DFT study of free radical scavenging activity of morin. Food Chem 2012; 134:1754-60. [PMID: 23442617 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.03.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids have long been recognised for their general health-promoting properties, of which their antioxidant activity may play an important role. In this work, we have studied the properties of flavonoid morin using semiempirical and density functional theory (DFT) methods in order to validate the application of the recently developed parametric method 6 (PM6). Reaction enthalpies related to mechanisms of free radical scavenging by flavonoid morin were calculated by DFT and PM6 methods in gas-phase, water, DMSO and benzene. It has been shown that fast semiempirical PM6 method can mimic results obtained by means of more accurate time consuming DFT calculations. Thermodynamically favoured mechanism depends on reaction medium: SPLET (sequential proton loss electron transfer) is preferred in water and DMSO, and HAT (hydrogen atom transfer) is predominant in gas-phase. In benzene these two mechanisms are competitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoran Marković
- Department of Chemical-Technological Sciences, State University of Novi Pazar, Vuka Karadžića bb, 36300 Novi Pazar, Serbia.
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682
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Abu-Reidah IM, Arráez-Román D, Quirantes-Piné R, Fernández-Arroyo S, Segura-Carretero A, Fernández-Gutiérrez A. HPLC–ESI-Q-TOF-MS for a comprehensive characterization of bioactive phenolic compounds in cucumber whole fruit extract. Food Res Int 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2011.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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683
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Bueno JM, Sáez-Plaza P, Ramos-Escudero F, Jiménez AM, Fett R, Asuero AG. Analysis and Antioxidant Capacity of Anthocyanin Pigments. Part II: Chemical Structure, Color, and Intake of Anthocyanins. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2011.632314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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684
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Bueno JM, Ramos-Escudero F, Sáez-Plaza P, Muñoz AM, José Navas M, Asuero AG. Analysis and Antioxidant Capacity of Anthocyanin Pigments. Part I: General Considerations Concerning Polyphenols and Flavonoids. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2011.632312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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685
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Rubió L, Motilva MJ, Macià A, Ramo T, Romero MP. Development of a phenol-enriched olive oil with both its own phenolic compounds and complementary phenols from thyme. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:3105-3112. [PMID: 22380740 DOI: 10.1021/jf204902w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Besides affecting the oil's sensorial characteristics, the presence of herbs and spices has an impact on the nutritional value of the flavored oils. The aim of the study was to develop a new product based on the phenol-enrichment of a virgin olive oil with both its own phenolic compounds (secoiridoid derivatives) plus additional complementary phenols from thyme (flavonoids). We studied the effect of the addition of phenolic extracts (olive cake and thyme) on phenolic composition, oxidative stability, antioxidant activity, and bitter sensory attribute of olive oils. Results showed that flavonoids from thyme appeared to have higher transference ratios (average 89.7%) from the phenolic extract to oil, whereas secoiridoids from olive presented lower transference ratios (average 35.3%). The bitter sensory attribute of the phenol-enriched oils diminished with an increase of the concentration of phenols from thyme, which might denote an improvement in the consumer acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rubió
- Department of Food Technology, XaRTA-UTPV, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria Agrària, Universitat de Lleida, Avda/Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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686
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A quantum chemical study on the free radical scavenging activity of tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol. Theor Chem Acc 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-012-1173-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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687
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Craft BD, Kerrihard AL, Amarowicz R, Pegg RB. Phenol-Based Antioxidants and the In Vitro Methods Used for Their Assessment. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1541-4337.2011.00173.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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688
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Antioxidant capacity and phenolics of Pouteria macrophylla, an under-utilized fruit from Brazilian Amazon. Eur Food Res Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-012-1684-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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689
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Ruiz-García Y, Romero-Cascales I, Gil-Muñoz R, Fernández-Fernández JI, López-Roca JM, Gómez-Plaza E. Improving grape phenolic content and wine chromatic characteristics through the use of two different elicitors: methyl jasmonate versus benzothiadiazole. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:1283-1290. [PMID: 22229261 DOI: 10.1021/jf204028d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Benzothiadiazole (BTH) and methyl jasmonate (MeJ) have been described as exogenous elicitors of some plant defense compounds, polyphenols among them. The objective of this study was to determine whether the application of BTH or MeJ to grape clusters at the beginning of the ripening process had any effect on the accumulation of the main flavonoid compounds in grapes (anthocyanins, flavonols, and flavanols) and the technological significance of these treatments in the resulting wines. The results obtained after a 2 year experiment indicated that both treatments increased the anthocyanin, flavonol, and proanthocyanidin content of grapes. The wines obtained from the treated grapes showed higher color intensity and total phenolic content than the wines made from control grapes. The exogenous application of these elicitors, as a complement to fungicide treatments, could be an interesting strategy for vine protection, increasing, at the same time, the phenolic content of the grapes and the resulting wines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Ruiz-García
- Food Science and Technology Deparment, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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690
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Galano A, Martínez A. Capsaicin, a Tasty Free Radical Scavenger: Mechanism of Action and Kinetics. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:1200-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp211172f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Iztapalapa, C. P. 09340, México D. F., México
| | - Ana Martínez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S. N., Ciudad Universitaria, CP 04510, México D.F., México
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691
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Gordon MH. Significance of dietary antioxidants for health. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 13:173-9. [PMID: 22312245 PMCID: PMC3269679 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13010173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Revised: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Since evidence became available that free radicals were involved in mechanisms for the development of major diseases, including cardiovascular disease and cancer, there has been considerable research into the properties of natural dietary antioxidants. However, it has become clear that dietary antioxidants can only have beneficial effects in vivo by radical scavenging or effects on redox potential if they are present in tissues or bodily fluids at sufficient concentrations. For many dietary components, absorption is limited or metabolism into derivatives reduces the antioxidant capacity. For many dietary phytochemicals, direct antioxidant effects may be less important for health than other effects including effects on cell signalling or gene expression in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Gordon
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research and Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights P.O. Box 226, Reading RG6 6AP, UK; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +44-118-3786723
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692
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León-Carmona JR, Galano A. Uric and 1-Methyluric Acids: Metabolic Wastes or Antiradical Protectors? J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:15430-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp209776x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Rafael León-Carmona
- Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Avenida San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Colonia Vicentina C.P. 09340, México D.F
| | - Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Avenida San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Colonia Vicentina C.P. 09340, México D.F
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693
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Dimitrić Marković JM, Marković ZS, Brdarić TP, Pavelkić VM, Jadranin MB. Iron complexes of dietary flavonoids: Combined spectroscopic and mechanistic study of their free radical scavenging activity. Food Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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694
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Octyl and dodecyl gallates induce oxidative stress and apoptosis in a melanoma cell line. Toxicol In Vitro 2011; 25:2025-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2011.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2011] [Revised: 08/02/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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695
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Bouayed J, Hoffmann L, Bohn T. Antioxidative Mechanisms of Whole-Apple Antioxidants Employing Different Varieties from Luxembourg. J Med Food 2011; 14:1631-7. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2010.0260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jaouad Bouayed
- Nutrition and Toxicology Unit, Environment and Agro-Biotechnologies Department, Gabriel Lippmann Center of Public Research, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Lucien Hoffmann
- Nutrition and Toxicology Unit, Environment and Agro-Biotechnologies Department, Gabriel Lippmann Center of Public Research, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Torsten Bohn
- Nutrition and Toxicology Unit, Environment and Agro-Biotechnologies Department, Gabriel Lippmann Center of Public Research, Belvaux, Luxembourg
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696
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Quantum-chemical investigation of the structure and the antioxidant properties of α-lipoic acid and its metabolites. J Mol Model 2011; 18:2907-16. [PMID: 22127611 PMCID: PMC3382282 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-011-1306-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Quantum-chemical computations were used to investigate the structure-antioxidant parameter relationships of α-lipoic acid and its natural metabolites bisnorlipoic acid and tetranorlipoic acid in their oxidized and reduced forms. The enantiomers of lipoic and dihydrolipoic acid were optimized using the B3LYP/6-311+G(3df,2p), B3LYP/aug-cc-pVDZ and MP2(full)/6-31+G(d,p) levels of theory as isolated molecules and in the presence of water. The geometries of the metabolites and the values of their antioxidant parameters (proton affinity, bond dissociation enthalpy, adiabatic ionization potential, spin density, and the highest occupied molecular orbital energy) were calculated at the B3LYP/6-311+G(3df,2p) level of theory. The results obtained reveal similarities between these structures: a pentatomic, nonaromatic ring is present in the oxidized forms, while an unbranched aliphatic chain (as found in saturated fatty acids) is present in both the oxidized and the reduced forms. Analysis of the spin density and the highest occupied molecular orbital energy revealed that the SH groups exhibited the greatest electron-donating activities. The values obtained for the proton affinity, bond dissociation enthalpy and adiabatic ionization potential indicate that the preferred antioxidant mechanisms for α-lipoic acid and its metabolites are sequential proton loss electron transfer in polar media and hydrogen atom transfer in vacuum.
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697
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Leopoldini M, Chiodo SG, Russo N, Toscano M. Detailed Investigation of the OH Radical Quenching by Natural Antioxidant Caffeic Acid Studied by Quantum Mechanical Models. J Chem Theory Comput 2011; 7:4218-33. [PMID: 26598362 DOI: 10.1021/ct200572p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The effectiveness of naturally occurring antioxidant caffeic acid in the inactivation of the very damaging hydroxyl radical has been theoretically investigated by means of hybrid density functional theory. Three possible pathways by which caffeic acid may inactivate free radicals were analyzed: hydrogen abstraction from all available hydrogen atoms, hydroxyl radical addition to all carbon atoms in the molecule, and single electron transfer. The reaction paths were traced independently, and the respective thermal rate constants were calculated using variational transition-state theory including the contribution of tunneling. The more reactive sites in caffeic acid are the C4OH phenolic group and the C4 carbon atom, for the hydrogen abstraction and radical addition, respectively. The single electron transfer process seems to be thermodynamically unfavored, in both polar and nonpolar media. Both hydrogen abstraction and radical addition are very feasible, with a slight preference for the latter, with a rate constant of 7.29 × 10(10) M(-1) s(-1) at 300 K. Tunnel effects are found to be quite unimportant in both cases. Results indicate caffeic acid as a potent natural antioxidant in trapping and scavenging hydroxyl radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Leopoldini
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Centro di Calcolo ad Alte Prestazioni per Elaborazioni Parallele e Distribuite-Centro d'Eccellenza MIUR, Università della Calabria , I-87030 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Sandro G Chiodo
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Centro di Calcolo ad Alte Prestazioni per Elaborazioni Parallele e Distribuite-Centro d'Eccellenza MIUR, Università della Calabria , I-87030 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Nino Russo
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Centro di Calcolo ad Alte Prestazioni per Elaborazioni Parallele e Distribuite-Centro d'Eccellenza MIUR, Università della Calabria , I-87030 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Marirosa Toscano
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Centro di Calcolo ad Alte Prestazioni per Elaborazioni Parallele e Distribuite-Centro d'Eccellenza MIUR, Università della Calabria , I-87030 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
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698
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El-Abbassi A, Kiai H, Hafidi A. Phenolic profile and antioxidant activities of olive mill wastewater. Food Chem 2011; 132:406-12. [PMID: 26434308 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2011] [Revised: 09/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Olive trees play an important role in the Moroccan agro-economy, providing both employment and export revenue. However, the olive oil industry generates large amounts of wastes and wastewaters. The disposal of these polluting by-products is a significant environmental problem that needs an adequate solution. On one hand, the phytotoxic and antimicrobial effects of olive mill wastewaters are mainly due to their phenolic content. The hydrophilic character of the polyphenols results in the major proportion of natural phenols being separated into the water phase during the olive processing. On other hand, the health benefits arising from a diet containing olive oil have been attributed to its richness in phenolic compounds that act as natural antioxidants and are thought to contribute to the prevention of heart diseases and cancers. Olive mill wastewater (OMW) samples have been analysed in terms of their phenolic constituents and antioxidant activities. The total phenolic content, flavonoids, flavanols, and proanthocyanidins were determined. The antioxidant and radical scavenging activity of phenolic extracts and microfiltred samples was evaluated using different tests (iron(II) chelating activity, total antioxidant capacity, DPPH assays and lipid peroxidation test). The obtained results reveal the considerable antioxidant capacity of the OMW, that can be considered as an inexpensive potential source of high added value powerful natural antioxidants comparable to some synthetic antioxidants commonly used in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelilah El-Abbassi
- Food Science Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences-Semalia, Cadi Ayyad University, P.O. Box 2390, 40090 Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Hajar Kiai
- Food Science Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences-Semalia, Cadi Ayyad University, P.O. Box 2390, 40090 Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Abdellatif Hafidi
- Food Science Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences-Semalia, Cadi Ayyad University, P.O. Box 2390, 40090 Marrakech, Morocco.
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699
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Pirker KF, Oliveira J, de Freitas V, Goodman BA, Mateus N. Antiradical properties of red wine portisins. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:11833-7. [PMID: 21973100 DOI: 10.1021/jf2033126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The free radical chemistry of two polyphenolic pigments from red wine, belonging to the family of portisins, has been investigated after reaction with O(2)(•-) radicals using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Two portisins derived from malvidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-glucoside were used for this study. Stable free radicals were detected with both portisins and correspond to unpaired electrons localized on the B as well as F rings of the portisins. Interpretations were confirmed by comparison with the spectra of free radicals formed by oxidation of the model compounds cyanidin-3-glucoside, malvidin-3-glucoside, and catechin. These results concur with previous work reporting the higher antiradical properties of these pigments compared to their anthocyanin precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina F Pirker
- Health and Environment Department, Environmental Resources and Technologies, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
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700
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Encapsulation of natural polyphenolic compounds; a review. Pharmaceutics 2011; 3:793-829. [PMID: 24309309 PMCID: PMC3857059 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics3040793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 467] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural polyphenols are valuable compounds possessing scavenging properties towards radical oxygen species, and complexing properties towards proteins. These abilities make polyphenols interesting for the treatment of various diseases like inflammation or cancer, but also for anti-ageing purposes in cosmetic formulations, or for nutraceutical applications. Unfortunately, these properties are also responsible for a lack in long-term stability, making these natural compounds very sensitive to light and heat. Moreover, polyphenols often present a poor biodisponibility mainly due to low water solubility. Lastly, many of these molecules possess a very astringent and bitter taste, which limits their use in food or in oral medications. To circumvent these drawbacks, delivery systems have been developed, and among them, encapsulation would appear to be a promising approach. Many encapsulation methods are described in the literature, among which some have been successfully applied to plant polyphenols. In this review, after a general presentation of the large chemical family of plant polyphenols and of their main chemical and biological properties, encapsulation processes applied to polyphenols are classified into physical, physico-chemical, chemical methods, and other connected stabilization methods. After a brief description of each encapsulation process, their applications to polyphenol encapsulation for pharmaceutical, food or cosmetological purposes are presented.
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