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Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Qi C, Chen J, Hu H, Tan G, Tu J. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate derived polymer coated Prussian blue for synergistic ROS elimination and antibacterial therapy. Int J Pharm 2024; 656:124095. [PMID: 38588757 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a vital role in wound healing process by fighting against invaded bacteria. However, excess ROS at the wound sites lead to oxidative stress that can trigger deleterious effects, causing cell death, tissue damage and chronic inflammation. Therefore, we fabricated a core-shell structured nanomedicine with antibacterial and antioxidant properties via a facile and green strategy. Specifically, Prussian blue (PB) nanozyme was fabricated and followed by coating a layer of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)-derived polymer via polyphenolic condensation reaction and self-assembly process, resulting in PB@EGCG. The introduction of PB core endowed EGCG-based polyphenol nanoparticles with excellent NIR-triggered photothermal properties. Besides, owing to multiple enzyme-mimic activity of PB and potent antioxidant capacity of EGCG-derived polymer, PB@EGCG exhibited a remarkable ROS-scavenging ability, mitigated intracellular ROS level and protected cells from oxidative damage. Under NIR irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2), PB@EGCG (50 µg/mL) exerted synergistic EGCG-derived polymer-photothermal antibacterial activity against Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). In vivo therapeutic effect was evaluated using a S. aureus-infected rat model indicated PB@EGCG with a prominent bactericidal ability could modulate the inflammatory microenvironment and accelerate wound healing. Overall, this dual-functional nanomedicine provides a promising strategy for efficient antibacterial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Material Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yipin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Material Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chenyang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Material Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Material Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Haonan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Material Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guitao Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Material Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jing Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Material Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
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2
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Koda Y, Nagasaki Y. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis treated by poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(cysteine) block copolymer-based self-assembling antioxidant nanoparticles. J Control Release 2024:S0168-3659(24)00279-7. [PMID: 38692439 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), now known as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), involves oxidative stress caused by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Small-molecule antioxidants have not been approved for antioxidant chemotherapy because of severe adverse effects that collapse redox homeostasis, even in healthy tissues. To overcome these disadvantages, we have been developing poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(cysteine) (PEG-block-PCys)-based self-assembling polymer nanoparticles (NanoCyses), releasing Cys after in vivo degradation by endogenous enzymes, to obtain antioxidant effects without adverse effects. However, a comprehensive investigation of the effects of polymer design on therapeutic outcomes has not yet been conducted to develop our NanoCys system for antioxidant chemotherapy. In this study, we synthesized different poly(L-cysteine) (PCys) chains whose sulfanyl groups were protected by tert-butyl thiol (StBu) and butyryl (Bu) groups to change the reactivity of the side chains, affording NanoCys(SS) and NanoCys(Bu), respectively. To elucidate the importance of the polymer design, these NanoCyses were orally administered to MASH model mice as a model of oxidative stress-related diseases. Consequently, the acyl-protective NanoCys(Bu) significantly suppressed hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidative stress compared to NanoCys(SS). Furthermore, we substantiated that shorter PCys were much better than longer PCys for therapeutic outcomes and the effects related to the liberation properties of Cys from these nanoparticles. Owing to its antioxidant functions, NanoCyses also significantly attenuated hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in the MASH mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Koda
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Yukio Nagasaki
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan; Master's School of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan; Center for Research in Radiation, Isotope and Earth System Sciences (CRiES), University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; High-value Biomaterials Research and Commercialization Center (HBRCC), National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan.
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Alvi MM, Imtiaz N, Shabbir B, Waheed Z, Atta-ur-Rehman. Evaluating the role of antioxidant therapy in outcome of severe and critical COVID-19 infection requiring high flow oxygen. Lung India 2023; 40:333-338. [PMID: 37417086 PMCID: PMC10401983 DOI: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_369_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the efficacy of antioxidant therapy in the outcome of critical COVID-19-infected patients. Methods At the Patel Hospital, a retrospective cohort analysis was carried out between June 2020 and October 2021. The study included a record of 200 individuals with severe or critical stage COVID-19 who were older than 18 and of either gender. Based on the antioxidant therapy, study participants were placed evenly into two groups. Antioxidant therapy was provided to one group (the exposed group), whereas the other group received simply normal COVID-19 medication (the unexposed group). Outcomes from both groups were evaluated and compared. Results Patients on antioxidant therapy had lesser mortality and shorter hospital stay than patients on coventional management, but the difference in proportions of mortality and length of hospital stay was statistically insignificant between groups (p > 0.05). Patients on antioxidant therapy had a significantly higher proportion of moderate to severe ARDS and septic shock than unexposed patients. A significantly higher number of patients in the unexposed group had AKI as compared to the exposed group (p = 0.048). Conclusions Antioxidant therapy seems to have a non-significant positive effect on mortality, hospital stay, and AKI, while it showed a negative effect on the severity of ARDS and septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malick Maria Alvi
- Department of Medicine, Patel Hospital, Street 18, Block 4, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Nimra Imtiaz
- Department of Medicine, Patel Hospital, Street 18, Block 4, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Shabbir
- Department of Medicine, Patel Hospital, Street 18, Block 4, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Waheed
- Department of Medicine, Patel Hospital, Street 18, Block 4, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Atta-ur-Rehman
- Department of Medicine, Patel Hospital, Street 18, Block 4, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi, Pakistan
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Shrivastav D, Dabla PK, Sharma J, Viswas A, Mir R. Insights on antioxidant therapeutic strategies in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A narrative review of randomized control trials. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:919-929. [PMID: 37383600 PMCID: PMC10294058 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i6.919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease of impaired glucose utilization. Imbalance in generation and elimination of free radicals generate oxidative stress which modulates glucose metabolism and insulin regulation, resulting in the occurrence and progression of diabetes and associated complications. Antioxidant supplements in T2DM can be seen as a potential preventive and effective therapeutic strategy.
AIM To compare randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in which antioxidants have been shown to have a therapeutic effect in T2DM patients.
METHODS We systematically searched the electronic database PubMed by keywords. RCTs evaluating the effect of antioxidant therapy on glycaemic control as well as oxidant and antioxidant status as primary outcomes were included. The outcomes considered were: A reduction in blood glucose; changes in oxidative stress and antioxidant markers. Full-length papers of the shortlisted articles were assessed for the eligibility criteria and 17 RCTs were included.
RESULTS The administration of fixed-dose antioxidants significantly reduces fasting blood sugar and glycated hemoglobin and is associated with decreased malondialdehyde, advanced oxidation protein products, and increased total antioxidant capacity.
CONCLUSION Antioxidant supplements can be a beneficial approach for the treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pradeep Kumar Dabla
- Department of Biochemistry, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Delhi 110002, India
| | - Jitender Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Delhi 110002, India
| | - Aroop Viswas
- Department of Biochemistry, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Delhi 110002, India
| | - Rashid Mir
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
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Shashni B, Tamaoki J, Kobayashi M, Nagasaki Y. Design of a new self-assembling antioxidant nanomedicine to ameliorate oxidative stress in zebrafish embryos. Acta Biomater 2023; 159:367-381. [PMID: 36640953 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress, which is a persistent state of elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), is implicated in the pathogeneses of several diseases, making antioxidant-based therapeutics the aptest intervention. Nevertheless, the clinical failure of conventional low-molecular-weight (LMW) antioxidants in oxidative stress-related diseases to yield favorable therapeutic outcomes and an increased mortality rate attributable to their poor pharmacokinetic characteristics, necessitates the development of alternative therapeutics. In light of this, we designed and synthesized a new amphiphilic polymer functionalized with a clinically safe base polymer of poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer conjugated with the LMW pleiotropic antioxidant TEMPO (a potent antioxidant) and biocompatible poly(ethylene glycol) (TEMPO-installed PSMA-g-PEG), which self-assembles into nano-sized micelles (SMAPoTN) under physiological conditions. We investigated its safety and antioxidant ability using zebrafish models. Common LMW antioxidants, such as 4-hydroxy-TEMPO (TEMPOL), vitamin C, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, and edaravone exposure induced phenotypic distortions, a manifestation of developmental toxicity, and resulted in high lethality in zebrafish larvae. LMW TEMPOL also adversely affected embryo hatchability, induced arrhythmia and cardiac edema, and failed to protect against oxidative stress. In contrast, exposure of zebrafish embryos to SMAPoTN increased the hatchability, protected embryos against various inducers of oxidative stress, and did not induce any phenotypic alterations or discernible toxicity. Taken together, we conclude that SMAPoTN surpasses LMW TEMPOL in terms of the ability to protect zebrafish, attributable to efficient ROS scavenging without perturbing normal redox homeostasis. These results imply that SMAPoTN can be used as a therapeutic intervention against various oxidative stress-induced diseases. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Failure of low molecular weight (LMW) antioxidants to improve therapeutic index in various oxidative stress-related pathogenesis, attributable to their poor pharmacokinetic characteristics, greatly limits their clinical translation. To overcome this limitation, we developed a self-assembling antioxidant nanoparticle (SMAPoTN) comprised of amphiphilic polymer; poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) conjugated with TEMPO as an antioxidant and biocompatible poly(ethylene glycol). Preliminary studies carried out in the in vivo models of zebrafish embryos confirmed that exposure of LMW antioxidant resulted in acute developmental toxicity, high lethality, and failure to rescue embryos against oxidative stress inducers. In contrast, SMAPoTN did not exert discernible toxicity and significantly improved their survival under oxidative stress. Our finding establishes antioxidant nanoparticles as more suitable therapeutic intervention for oxidative stress-induced diseases than LMW antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babita Shashni
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Junya Tamaoki
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Makoto Kobayashi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yukio Nagasaki
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan; Master's Program in Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan; Center for Research in Isotopes and Environmental Dynamics, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan.
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Briyal S, Ranjan AK, Gulati A. Oxidative stress: A target to treat Alzheimer's disease and stroke. Neurochem Int 2023; 165:105509. [PMID: 36907516 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been established as a well-known pathological condition in several neurovascular diseases. It starts with increased production of highly oxidizing free-radicals (e.g. reactive oxygen species; ROS and reactive nitrogen species; RNS) and becomes too high for the endogenous antioxidant system to neutralize them, which results in a significantly disturbed balance between free-radicals and antioxidants levels and causes cellular damage. A number of studies have evidently shown that oxidative stress plays a critical role in activating multiple cell signaling pathways implicated in both progression as well as initiation of neurological diseases. Therefore, oxidative stress continues to remain a key therapeutic target for neurological diseases. This review discusses the mechanisms involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in the brain, oxidative stress, and pathogenesis of neurological disorders such as stroke and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the scope of antioxidant therapies for these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Briyal
- College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, 60515, USA.
| | - Amaresh K Ranjan
- College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, 60515, USA
| | - Anil Gulati
- College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, 60515, USA; Pharmazz Inc. Research and Development, Willowbrook, IL, USA
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Anitha A, Thanseem I, Iype M, Thomas SV. Mitochondrial dysfunction in cognitive neurodevelopmental disorders: Cause or effect? Mitochondrion 2023; 69:18-32. [PMID: 36621534 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria have a crucial role in brain development and neurogenesis, both in embryonic and adult brains. Since the brain is the highest energy consuming organ, it is highly vulnerable to mitochondrial dysfunction. This has been implicated in a range of brain disorders including, neurodevelopmental conditions, psychiatric illnesses, and neurodegenerative diseases. Genetic variations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and nuclear DNA encoding mitochondrial proteins, have been associated with several cognitive disorders. However, it is not yet clear whether mitochondrial dysfunction is a primary cause of these conditions or a secondary effect. Our review article deals with this topic, and brings out recent advances in mitochondria-oriented therapies. Mitochondrial dysfunction could be involved in the pathogenesis of a subset of disorders involving cognitive impairment. In these patients, mitochondrial dysfunction could be the cause of the condition, rather than the consequence. There are vast areas in this topic that remains to be explored and elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayyappan Anitha
- Dept. of Neurogenetics, Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Shoranur, Palakkad 679 523, Kerala, India.
| | - Ismail Thanseem
- Dept. of Neurogenetics, Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Shoranur, Palakkad 679 523, Kerala, India
| | - Mary Iype
- Dept. of Pediatric Neurology, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram 695 011, Kerala, India; Dept. of Neurology, ICCONS, Thiruvananthapuram 695 033, Kerala, India
| | - Sanjeev V Thomas
- Dept. of Neurology, ICCONS, Thiruvananthapuram 695 033, Kerala, India
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Zhang T, Wang Y, Li R, Xin J, Zheng Z, Zhang X, Xiao C, Zhang S. ROS-responsive magnesium-containing microspheres for antioxidative treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration. Acta Biomater 2023; 158:475-492. [PMID: 36640954 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a degenerative disease characterized by lower-back pain, causing disability globally. Antioxidant therapy is currently considered one of the most promising strategies for IVDD treatment, given the crucial role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in IVDD pathogenesis. Herein, a ROS-responsive magnesium-containing microsphere (Mg@PLPE MS) was constructed for the antioxidative treatment of IVDD. The Mg@PLPE MS has a core-shell structure comprising poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and ROS-responsive polymer poly(PBT-co-EGDM) as the shell and a magnesium microparticle as the core. The poly(PBT-co-EGDM) can be destroyed by H2O2 through the H2O2-triggered hydrophobic-to-hydrophilic transition, subsequently promoting an Mg-water reaction to produce H2. Thus, Mg@PLPE MS provides a valuable platform for H2O2 elimination and controlled H2 release. The generated H2 scavenge for ROS by reacting with noxious •OH. Notably, the Mg@PLPE MS exerted significant antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in a disc degeneration rat model and alleviated extracellular matrix degradation and disc cells apoptosis, thereby underlining its efficacy in IVDD treatment. The Mg@PLPE MS also exhibited robust biocompatibility and negligible toxicity, presenting the promise for the antioxidative treatment of IVDD in vivo. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Antioxidant therapy is currently considered one of the most promising strategies for intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) treatment, given the crucial role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in IVDD pathogenesis. Here, ROS-responsive magnesium-containing microspheres (Mg@PLPE MSs) were constructed to alleviate IVDD through controlled release of hydrogen gas. The Mg@PLPE MSs can effectively scavenge overproduced ROS by simultaneously reacting with H2O2 and •OH, thus creating a suitable microenvironment for inhibition of ECM degradation. As a result, Mg@PLPE MSs treated IVDD rats exhibit minimal nucleus pulposus decrease, less extracellular matrix degradation, minimal radial fissure of fibrous rings, and higher disc height index. Therefore, the as-prepared Mg@PLPE MSs may shed a new light on clinical treatment of IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhui Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Ruhui Li
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jingguo Xin
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xingmin Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chunsheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China; Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Shaokun Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, 130021, China.
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9
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Abstract
Oxidative stress can be associated with hyperoxia and hypoxia and is characterized by an increase in reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species generated by an underlying disease process or by supplemental oxygen that exceeds the neutralization capacity of the organ system. ROS and RNS acting as free radicals can inactive several enzymes and vasodilators in the nitric oxide pathway promoting pulmonary vasoconstriction resulting in persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). Studies in animal models of PPHN have shown high ROS/RNS that is further increased by hyperoxic ventilation. In addition, antioxidant therapy increased PaO2 in these models, but clinical trials are lacking. We recommend targeting preductal SpO2 between 90 and 97%, PaO2 between 55 and 80 mmHg and avoiding FiO2 > 0.6-0.8 if possible during PPHN management. This review highlights the role of oxidative and nitrosative stress markers on PPHN and potential therapeutic interventions that may alleviate the consequences of increased oxidant stress during ventilation with supplemental oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munmun Rawat
- Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Maximo Vento
- Division of Neonatology, University & Polytechnic Hospital La Fe and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IISLAFE), Valencia, Spain.
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Cáceres-Vélez PR, Hui F, Hercus J, Bui B, Jusuf PR. Restoring the oxidative balance in age-related diseases - An approach in glaucoma. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 75:101572. [PMID: 35065274 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As human life expectancy increases, age-related health issues including neurodegenerative diseases continue to rise. Regardless of genetic or environmental factors, many neurodegenerative conditions share common pathological mechanisms, such as oxidative stress, a hallmark of many age-related health burdens. In this review, we describe oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in glaucoma, an age-related neurodegenerative eye disease affecting 80 million people worldwide. We consider therapeutic approaches used to counteract oxidative stress in glaucoma, including untapped treatment options such as novel plant-derived antioxidant compounds that can reduce oxidative stress and prevent neuronal loss. We summarize the current pre-clinical models and clinical work exploring the therapeutic potential of a range of candidate plant-derived antioxidant compounds. Finally, we explore advances in drug delivery systems, particular those employing nanotechnology-based carriers which hold significant promise as a carrier for antioxidants to treat age-related disease, thus reviewing the key current state of all of the aspects required towards translation.
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11
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Pereira SC, Moreira MV, Silva BM, Oliveira PF, Alves MG. Roles of Oxidative Stress in the Male Reproductive System: Potential of Antioxidant Supplementation for Infertility Treatment. Adv Exp Med Biol 2022; 1391:259-274. [PMID: 36472827 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12966-7_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The decline of fertility in modern society is a serious worldwide concern, and the reasons behind it are complex and difficult to unveil. The fact that a big percentage of infertility cases remain diagnosed as idiopathic, turn the strategies to treat such conditions very limited. Nevertheless, one must agree that keeping the oxidative balance of the reproductive tissues should be one of the first lines of treatment for infertile patients. As reported, 30-80% of male infertile individuals present high levels of prooxidant species in the seminal fluid. Thus, antioxidant therapies, which consist of dietary supplementation therapy with one or more antioxidant compound, remain the first step in the treatment of male infertility. Nevertheless, the efficacy of such therapies is variable between individuals. The most common prescribed antioxidants are carnitines and vitamins C and E, but recently phytochemical quercetin has emerged as a potential compound for the treatment of oxidative stress in the male reproductive system. Although there are several animals' evidence about the great potential of quercetin for the treatment of infertility, clinical trials on this subject remain scarce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara C Pereira
- Department of Anatomy, UMIB - Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ITR - Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- QOPNA & LAQV, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mafalda V Moreira
- Department of Anatomy, UMIB - Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Branca M Silva
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Pedro F Oliveira
- QOPNA & LAQV, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marco G Alves
- Department of Anatomy, UMIB - Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- ITR - Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
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12
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Adoga JO, Channa ML, Nadar A. Kolaviron attenuates cardiovascular injury in fructose-streptozotocin induced type-2 diabetic male rats by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and improving cardiovascular risk markers. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112323. [PMID: 34656062 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of cardiovascular disease among type-2 diabetic patients has become a source of major concern world over. This study explored the protective effect of kolaviron, a bioflavonoid, against oxidative cardiovascular injury in fructose- streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic male Sprague Dawley rats. After acclimatization, induction, and confirmation of type-2 diabetes, kolaviron was administered for 28days, after which the animals were anesthetized with Isofor and euthanized. Blood from each rat were collected, and blood samples were then centrifuged for serum and plasma. Cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase myocardial band (CK-MB), Creatine phosphokinase (CK), and insulin levels were immediately determined in serum, while remaining samples (serum, plasma, and organs) were stored in the bio-freezer at - 80 °C and 10% formalin for enzyme-link immunosorbent assay (ELISA), biochemical, molecular, and histopathological studies. The results show that type-2 diabetes induction with fructose and streptozotocin led to increased blood glucose levels, decreased insulin levels and cardiac antioxidant enzyme activities, increased malondialdehyde levels, cardiac biomarkers and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels, resulted in abnormal lipid profile, increased blood pressure and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity, and decreased plasma endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) concentration. The histopathological examination of the cardiac tissue revealed severe lesion, hypertrophy, and myofibrils degeneration. However, administration of kolaviron for 28days remarkably improved these conditions. Hence the result from the study validates the potency of kolaviron, and suggests it could serve as an alternative to existing remedy in ameliorating or protecting against cardiovascular injury in type-2 diabetes.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
- Biomarkers/blood
- Blood Glucose/drug effects
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Blood Pressure/drug effects
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/etiology
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/metabolism
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/pathology
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/prevention & control
- Flavonoids/pharmacology
- Fructose
- Inflammation Mediators/blood
- Insulin/blood
- Lipids/blood
- Male
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/blood
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Streptozocin
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey O Adoga
- Department of Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa.
| | - Mahendra L Channa
- Department of Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Anand Nadar
- Department of Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
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13
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Sada H, Egi H, Ide K, Sawada H, Sumi Y, Hattori M, Sentani K, Oue N, Yasui W, Ohdan H. Peritoneal lavage with hydrogen-rich saline can be an effective and practical procedure for acute peritonitis. Surg Today 2021; 51:1860-1871. [PMID: 33787966 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-021-02271-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Acute peritonitis has remained a fatal disease despite of recent advances in care and treatment, including antibiotic and anticoagulant treatments. The cause of death is mostly sepsis-induced multiple organ failure. Oxidative stress can play an important role in this situation, but antioxidant therapy to capture any excessive reactive oxygen species has not yet been fully established. METHODS Two experiments were performed. In the first experiment, we confirmed the effects of peritoneal lavage with hydrogen-rich saline (HRS) after a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) operation in rats. In the second experiment, the changes in the hemodynamic state following this procedure were observed in a porcine model of abdominal sepsis to evaluate its safety and utility. RESULTS Peritoneal lavage with HRS significantly improved the survival after CLP in rats, and it ameliorated the levels of sepsis-induced organ failure. Moreover, it showed anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis as well as antioxidant effects. The second experiment demonstrated the potential safety and feasibility of this procedure in a large animal model. CONCLUSION This procedure can improve survival after sepsis through mitigating the sepsis-induced organ failure by inhibiting oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammatory pathways. Peritoneal lavage with HRS may therefore be an effective, safe, and practical therapy for patients with acute peritonitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Sada
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center, National Hospital Organization, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Egi
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shizukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.
| | - Kentaro Ide
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sawada
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sumi
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Minoru Hattori
- Center for Medical Education, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sentani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naohide Oue
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Wataru Yasui
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hideki Ohdan
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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14
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Zhao T, Wu W, Sui L, Huang Q, Nan Y, Liu J, Ai K. Reactive oxygen species-based nanomaterials for the treatment of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injuries. Bioact Mater 2021; 7:47-72. [PMID: 34466716 PMCID: PMC8377441 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Interventional coronary reperfusion strategies are widely adopted to treat acute myocardial infarction, but morbidity and mortality of acute myocardial infarction are still high. Reperfusion injuries are inevitable due to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis of cardiac muscle cells. However, many antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drugs are largely limited by pharmacokinetics and route of administration, such as short half-life, low stability, low bioavailability, and side effects for treatment myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. Therefore, it is necessary to develop effective drugs and technologies to address this issue. Fortunately, nanotherapies have demonstrated great opportunities for treating myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. Compared with traditional drugs, nanodrugs can effectively increase the therapeutic effect and reduces side effects by improving pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties due to nanodrugs’ size, shape, and material characteristics. In this review, the biology of ROS and molecular mechanisms of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury are discussed. Furthermore, we summarized the applications of ROS-based nanoparticles, highlighting the latest achievements of nanotechnology researches for the treatment of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Researches of the myocardial infarction pathology and development of new treatments have very important scientific significance in the biomedical field. Many nanomaterials have shown amazing therapeutic effects to reduce myocardial damage by eliminating ROS. Nanomaterials effectively reduced myocardial damage through eliminating ROS from NOXs, M-ETC, M-Ca2+, M-mPTP, and RIRR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410087, China.,Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410087, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Geriatric Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410087, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410087, China
| | - Lihua Sui
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Qiong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410087, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410087, China
| | - Yayun Nan
- Geriatric Medical Center, Ningxia People's Hospital, Yinchuan, 750003, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Kelong Ai
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
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15
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Almanza-Monterrubio M, Garnica-Hayashi L, Dávila-Camargo A, Nava-Castañeda Á. Oral selenium improved the disease activity in patients with mild Graves' orbitopathy. J Fr Ophtalmol 2021; 44:643-651. [PMID: 33863564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2020.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is the most common extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves' disease (GD), an autoimmune disorder arising from the activity of T lymphocytes against antigens that infiltrate thyroid tissue, orbital tissue and extraocular muscles. An increase in oxidative stress has been discovered in autoimmune thyroid disease, encouraging investigation into new forms of treatment. Selenium has been described as a treatment option given its antioxidant properties. The present study evaluates the decrease of progression and inflammatory signs in patients with mild GO with oral selenium supplementation. METHODS Controlled, randomized, single center trial at an ophthalmology referral center in Mexico City. Patients at least 18years of age with mild GO according to the CAS classification were included; exclusion criteria in addition to corticosteroid treatment included smokers or selenium allergy. Each patient was randomized into one of two groups. Group A took placebo tablets which consisted of 100μg of starch twice a day for 6months, and group B took a 100μg selenium tablet twice a day for 6months. The patients from both groups were examined and evaluated using a CAS score before and after the first, third and sixth month of treatment. RESULTS Thirty eyes of 30 patients were studied. The pretreatment values showed no statistically significant differences between groups (P>0.05). Intergroup analysis showed statistically significant differences in palpebral fissure and CAS score between the pretreatment values and six months after treatment in the selenium group (P<0.05). No differences were found in any variables in the placebo group during the study period (P>0.05). No adverse events were reported. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study in a Mexican population demonstrating that oral selenium decreases clinical activity and stops progression in patients with mild GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Almanza-Monterrubio
- Instituto de Oftalmologia Conde de Valenciana, IAP, Chimalpopoca # 14, Colonia Obrera, Delegación Cuauhtemoc, 06800, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - L Garnica-Hayashi
- Instituto de Oftalmologia Conde de Valenciana, IAP, Chimalpopoca # 14, Colonia Obrera, Delegación Cuauhtemoc, 06800, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A Dávila-Camargo
- Instituto de Oftalmologia Conde de Valenciana, IAP, Chimalpopoca # 14, Colonia Obrera, Delegación Cuauhtemoc, 06800, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Á Nava-Castañeda
- Instituto de Oftalmologia Conde de Valenciana, IAP, Chimalpopoca # 14, Colonia Obrera, Delegación Cuauhtemoc, 06800, Mexico City, Mexico.
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16
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Costa CRM, Seara FAC, Peixoto MS, Ramos IP, Barbosa RAQ, Carvalho AB, Fortunato RS, Silveira ALB, Olivares EL. Progression of heart failure is attenuated by antioxidant therapy with N-acetylcysteine in myocardial infarcted female rats. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:8645-56. [PMID: 33048324 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05907-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the therapeutic potential of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in the treatment of heart failure in female rats. Myocardial infarcted (MI) rats were given NAC (250 mg/kg/day p.o.) during 28 days after surgery (MI + NAC) or vehicle (MI + Placebo), and sham-operated rats received the same treatments (Sham + NAC and Sham + Placebo). Electrocardiographic and echocardiographic analyses were performed in the last week of treatment. Cardiac mRNA levels of types I and II superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, types I and III glutathione peroxidase (GPX), nerve growth factor (NGF), β1-adrenergic receptor (β1ADR), and type 2 muscarinic receptor (M2R) were assessed. Cardiac levels NADPH oxidase (NOX) activity, total content of reduced thiols, and SOD, GPX, and catalase activity were assessed. Compared to MI + Placebo group, MI + NAC group exhibited decreased NOX activity, increased content of reduced thiols, increased GPX activity, and normalized GPX III mRNA levels (p < 0.05). Heart and lung weights, left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume and left atrium/aorta ratio were decreased, while LV posterior wall thickness and ejection fraction were increased in MI + NAC group versus MI + Placebo rats (p < 0.05). Power density of low frequency band was decreased, while power density of high frequency and the root mean square of the successive differences were increased in MI + NAC rats versus MI + Placebo (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that NAC promotes therapeutic effects in the progression of MI-induced heart failure in female rats.
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17
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Aminizadeh M, Kavoosi G, Kariminia A. In vitro and ex vivo anti-diabetic and anti-hyperglycemic properties of Zataria multiflora essential oil. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:7805-7813. [PMID: 33006014 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05857-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The underlying mechanism involved in the onset of many diseases such as diabetes is oxidative stress. Zataria multiflora has a very high antioxidant power that can be used in the antioxidant therapy of the diabetes symptom. The in vitro antioxidant and anti-diabetic capacity of Zataria multiflora essential oil (ZMEO) incorporated in dendrosome against glucose oxidation, lipid oxidation, protein oxidation, and protein glycation was analyzed. The ex vivo antioxidant capacity of dendrosomal ZMEO were explored against hyperglycemia (HG)-induced oxidative stress. Inhibition of oxidative stress markers; NADH oxidase (NOX), nuclear respiratory factor 2 (NRF2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) were examined. Dendrosomal-ZMEO displayed low conductivity, low surface tension, low zeta-potential, nanoscale particle size and low viscosity that suggest dendrosomal-ZMEO could remain stable in biological fluids. FTIR spectra of dendrosomal-ZMEO indicated the non-covalent interactions between dendrosome and ZMEO and the entrapment of ZMEO droplets in the dendrosome network. Dendrosomal-ZMEO displayed good anti-glucose oxidation, anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-protein oxidation, and anti-protein glycation activity. Dendrosomal ZMEO strongly reduced intracellular hydrogen peroxide and NOX expression and activity in HG-treated macrophages while increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) expression and activity in a synergistic manner. HG-treated murine macrophages showed an increased level of NF-kB expression while the decreased level of NRF2 expression compared to controls. The anti-diabetic activity of ZMEO by sequestering hydrogen peroxide and down-regulation of NOX activity is a recommended mechanism for diabetes and oxidative stress. The effect of ZMEO on decreasing NF-kB and increasing in NRF2, transcription factors involved in oxidative stress and hyperglycemia, may imply its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Aminizadeh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Kavoosi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Amina Kariminia
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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18
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Yamada Y, Hibino M, Sasaki D, Abe J, Harashima H. Power of mitochondrial drug delivery systems to produce innovative nanomedicines. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 154-155:187-209. [PMID: 32987095 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria carry out various essential functions including ATP production, the regulation of apoptosis and possess their own genome (mtDNA). Delivering target molecules to this organelle, it would make it possible to control the functions of cells and living organisms and would allow us to develop a better understanding of life. Given the fact that mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in a variety of human disorders, delivering therapeutic molecules to mitochondria for the treatment of these diseases is an important issue. To date, several mitochondrial drug delivery system (DDS) developments have been reported, but a generalized DDS leading to therapy that exclusively targets mitochondria has not been established. This review focuses on mitochondria-targeted therapeutic strategies including antioxidant therapy, cancer therapy, mitochondrial gene therapy and cell transplantation therapy based on mitochondrial DDS. A particular focus is on nanocarriers for mitochondrial delivery with the goal of achieving mitochondria-targeting therapy. We hope that this review will stimulate the accelerated development of mitochondrial DDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Yamada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; Laboratory for Biological Drug Development Based on DDS Technology, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Mitsue Hibino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sasaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Jiro Abe
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Hideyoshi Harashima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; Laboratory for Biological Drug Development Based on DDS Technology, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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19
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Kohan R, Collin A, Guizzardi S, Tolosa de Talamoni N, Picotto G. Reactive oxygen species in cancer: a paradox between pro- and anti-tumour activities. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2020; 86:1-13. [PMID: 32572519 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-020-04103-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer constitutes a group of heterogeneous diseases that share common features. They involve the existence of altered cellular pathways which result in uncontrolled cell proliferation. Deregulation of production and/or elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) appear to be a relevant issue in most of them. ROS have a dual role in cell metabolism: they are compromised in normal cellular homeostasis, but their overproduction has been reported to promote oxidative stress (OS), a process that may induce the damage of cell structures. ROS accumulation is implicated in the activation of signaling pathways that promote cell proliferation and metabolic adaptations to tumour growth. One characteristic of cancer cells is the sensitivity to OS, which often results from the combination of high anabolic needs and hypoxic growth conditions. However, there is still no clear evidence about the levels of oxidant species that promote cellular transformation or, otherwise, if OS induction could be adequate as an antitumour therapeutic tool. There is a need for novel therapeutic strategies based on the new knowledge of cancer biology. Targeting oncogenic molecular mechanisms with non-classical agents and/or natural compounds would be beneficial as chemoprevention or new adjuvant therapies. In addition, epigenetics and environment, and particularly dietary factors may influence the development and prevention of cancer. This article will present a revision of the current research about molecular aspects proposed to be involved in the anticancer features of oxidant and antioxidant-based therapies targeting cancer cells, and their participation in the balance of oxidative species and cancer cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Kohan
- Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, UNC, INICSA (CONICET-UNC), Pabellón Argentina, 2do Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.,Cátedra de Biología Celular A, Facultad de Odontología, UNC, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Collin
- Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, UNC, INICSA (CONICET-UNC), Pabellón Argentina, 2do Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Solange Guizzardi
- Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, UNC, INICSA (CONICET-UNC), Pabellón Argentina, 2do Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Nori Tolosa de Talamoni
- Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, UNC, INICSA (CONICET-UNC), Pabellón Argentina, 2do Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Picotto
- Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, UNC, INICSA (CONICET-UNC), Pabellón Argentina, 2do Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
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20
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Birinci Y, Niazi JH, Aktay-Çetin O, Basaga H. Quercetin in the form of a nano-antioxidant (QTiO 2) provides stabilization of quercetin and maximizes its antioxidant capacity in the mouse fibroblast model. Enzyme Microb Technol 2020; 138:109559. [PMID: 32527528 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2020.109559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Living cells are constantly exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing them to rely on a constant supply of exogenous antioxidants. Quercetin (Q) is one of the potent exogenous antioxidants utilized in various antioxidant formulations. However, the potential application of Q is largely limited because of its poor water solubility. In this study, we employed titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles to maximize cellular penetration and antioxidant effect of Q on mouse fibroblast cells. To accomplish this, polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified TiO2-nanoparticle surfaces were utilized that exhibited better dispersion, with enhanced biocompatibility. Cell viability assays using Q and Q-conjugated TiO2-nanoparticles (QTiO2) were evaluated in terms of cell morphology as well as with an immunoblotting analysis to look for key biomarkers of apoptosis. In addition, cleavages of Cas 3 and PARP were obtained in cells treated with Q. Furthermore, antioxidant defence with QTiO2 was validated by means of the Nrf2 upregulation pathway. We also observed increased expressions of target enzymes; HO-1, NQO1 and SOD1 in QTiO2-treated cells. The antioxidant potency of the QTiO2 nano-antioxidant form was successfully tested in ROS and superoxide radicals induced cells. Our results demonstrated that the QTiO2 nano-antioxidant promoted a high quercetin bioavailability and stability, in cells with maximal antioxidant potency against ROS, with no signs of cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelda Birinci
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, 34956, Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Javed H Niazi
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Sabanci University, Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oznur Aktay-Çetin
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, 34956, Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Huveyda Basaga
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, 34956, Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey.
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21
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Rotaru A, TÂrtea EA, IancĂu M. Classical Therapies Versus Combined Therapies in Diabetic Neuropathy. Curr Health Sci J 2020; 46:123-128. [PMID: 32874683 PMCID: PMC7445650 DOI: 10.12865/chsj.46.02.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to evaluate the classical therapies represented by adequate glycemic control and lifestyle changes versus classical therapies combined with new antioxidant therapies in patients with diabetic neuropathy. We conducted an observational, prospective study, between October 2017 and December 2019, which included a number of 188 patients suffering from diabetic neuropathy. In order to evaluate the response to the therapeutic protocol, we used the MNSI (Michigan neuropathy screening instrument). Responder group was defined as a decrease in MNSI (<7) from baseline to one year. According to this 34.04% (n=64) of patients were responders to classical therapy while a higher number of patients responded to combined therapy (n=73, representing 38.83%). In the group of responders, the subgroups that predicted the prevention of MNSI increase (decrease in the impact of diabetic neuropathy) in the group treated with combined therapy compared to classical therapy, related to clinicopathological features, after one year included: gender female (p=0.0415), body mass index <30kg/m2 (p=0.0335), absence of cardiovascular disease (p=0.0006) and absence of dyslipidemia (p=0.0288). In conclusion, we demonstrated an increased response to combined therapy after one year of treatment. Thus, combined therapy is an alternative for reducing side effects and for increasing efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Rotaru
- Physiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova
| | - Elena Anca TÂrtea
- Neurology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova
| | - Maria IancĂu
- Physiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova
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Perez M, Robbins ME, Revhaug C, Saugstad OD. Oxygen radical disease in the newborn, revisited: Oxidative stress and disease in the newborn period. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 142:61-72. [PMID: 30954546 PMCID: PMC6791125 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Thirty years ago, there was an emerging appreciation for the significance of oxidative stress in newborn disease. This prompted a renewed interest in the impact of oxygen therapy for the newborn in the delivery room and beyond, especially in premature infants. Today, the complexity of oxidative stress both in normal regulation and pathology is better understood, especially as it relates to neonatal mitochondrial oxidative stress responses to hyperoxia. Mitochondria are recipients of oxidative damage and have a propensity for oxidative self-injury that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neonatal lung diseases. Similarly, both intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and macrosomia are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Additionally, reoxygenation with 100% O2 in a hypoxic-ischemic newborn lamb model increased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brain. Moreover, the interplay between inflammation and oxidative stress in the newborn is better understood because of animal studies. Transcriptomic analyses have found a number of genes to be differentially expressed in murine models of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Epigenetic changes have also been detected both in animal models of BPD and premature infants exposed to oxygen. Antioxidant therapy to prevent newborn disease has not been very successful; however, new therapeutic principles, like melatonin, are under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Perez
- Division of Neonatology, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Mary E Robbins
- Division of Neonatology, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Cecilie Revhaug
- Department of Pediatric Research, University of Oslo, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Ola D Saugstad
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Pediatric Research, University of Oslo, Oslo University Hospital, Norway.
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Sukhotnik I, Nativ O, Ben-Shahar Y, Bejar IN, Pollak Y, Coran AG, Gorenberg M. Antioxidant treatment ameliorates germ cell apoptosis induced by a high-dose ionizing irradiation in rats. Pediatr Surg Int 2019; 35:137-143. [PMID: 30386894 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-018-4385-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to ionizing radiation results in cytotoxic and genotoxic effects caused mainly by the oxidative damage. In the present study, we investigated the radioprotective effect of novel antioxidant cocktail on germ cell apoptosis and spermatogenesis in rats subjected to whole body radiation (WBIR). METHODS Adult male rats weighing 250-270 g were divided into four groups, eight rats each. Group 1 served as untreated control, group 2 received an IP single dose of antioxidant cocktail (1 ml). Group 3 was exposed to a WBIR (6 Gy). Group 4 received antioxidant cocktail before WBIR. Rats from each group were killed after 48 h. MDA levels were measured in serum (TBARS assay). Johnsen's criteria and the number of germinal cell layers were used to categorize spermatogenesis. TUNEL assay was used to determine germ cell apoptosis. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA test. RESULTS WBIR resulted in histological testicular damage (decrease in Johnsen's criteria, p < 0.05) that was accompanied by a significant increase in germ cell apoptosis, expressed as the number of apoptotic cells per 100 tubules (AI-1 apoptotic index) and the number of positive tubules per 100 tubules (AI-2 apoptotic index). Treatment with antioxidant cocktail resulted in a significant decrease in germ cell apoptosis (33% decrease in AI-1, p < 0.05 and 34% decrease in AI-2, p < 0.05) that was accompanied by an improved spermatogenesis (increase in Johnsen's criteria, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In a rat model of WBIR, antioxidant treatment ameliorates oxidative stress-induced testicular damage, decreases germ cell apoptosis and improves spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Sukhotnik
- Laboratory of intestinal adaptation and recovery, The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. .,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Bnai Zion Medical Center, 47 Golomb St., P.O.B. 4940, Haifa, 31048, Israel.
| | - O Nativ
- Laboratory of intestinal adaptation and recovery, The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Bnai Zion Medical Center, 47 Golomb St., P.O.B. 4940, Haifa, 31048, Israel.,Department of Urology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Y Ben-Shahar
- Laboratory of intestinal adaptation and recovery, The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Bnai Zion Medical Center, 47 Golomb St., P.O.B. 4940, Haifa, 31048, Israel
| | - I N Bejar
- Laboratory of intestinal adaptation and recovery, The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Bnai Zion Medical Center, 47 Golomb St., P.O.B. 4940, Haifa, 31048, Israel
| | - Y Pollak
- Laboratory of intestinal adaptation and recovery, The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - A G Coran
- Section of Pediatric Surgery, C. S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, US
| | - M Gorenberg
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
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Honore PM, De Bels D, Spapen HD. Beneficial effects of antioxidant therapy in crush syndrome in a rodent model: enough evidences to be used in humans? Ann Intensive Care 2018; 8:96. [PMID: 30264204 PMCID: PMC6160376 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-018-0431-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Honore
- ICU Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Brugmann, 4, Place Arthur Van Gehuchten, 1020, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - David De Bels
- ICU Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Brugmann, 4, Place Arthur Van Gehuchten, 1020, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Herbert D Spapen
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, VUB University, Brussels, Belgium
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25
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Cuello F, Wittig I, Lorenz K, Eaton P. Oxidation of cardiac myofilament proteins: Priming for dysfunction? Mol Aspects Med 2018; 63:47-58. [PMID: 30130564 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidants are produced endogenously and can react with and thereby post-translationally modify target proteins. They have been implicated in the redox regulation of signal transduction pathways conferring protection, but also in mediating oxidative stress and causing damage. The difference is that in scenarios of injury the amount of oxidants generated is higher and/or the duration of oxidant exposure sustained. In the cardiovascular system, oxidants are important for blood pressure homeostasis, for unperturbed cardiac function and also contribute to the observed protection during ischemic preconditioning. In contrast, oxidative stress accompanies all major cardiovascular pathologies and has been attributed to mediate contractile dysfunction in part by inducing oxidative modifications in myofilament proteins. However, the proportion to which oxidative modifications of contractile proteins are beneficial or causatively mediate disease progression needs to be carefully reconsidered. These antithetical aspects will be discussed in this review with special focus on direct oxidative post-translational modifications of myofilament proteins that have been described to occur in vivo and to regulate actin-myosin interactions in the cardiac myocyte sarcomere, the methodologies for detection of oxidative post-translational modifications in target proteins and the feasibility of antioxidant therapy strategies as a potential treatment for cardiac disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Cuello
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Ilka Wittig
- Functional Proteomics, SFB 815 Core Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Germany
| | - Kristina Lorenz
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Würzburg, Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V. Dortmund, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Essen, Germany
| | - Philip Eaton
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, UK
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to focus on the outcome of recent antioxidant interventions using synthetic and naturally occurring molecules established as adjuvant strategies to lipid-lowering or anti-inflammatory therapies designed to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. RECENT FINDINGS To date, accumulated evidence regarding oxidation as a pro-atherogenic factor indicates that redox biochemical events involved in atherogenesis are indeed a very attractive target for the management of cardiovascular disease in the clinic. Nevertheless, although evidence indicates that redox reactions are important in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis, oxidation with a pro-atherogenic context does not eliminate the fact that oxidation participates in many cases as an essential messenger of important cellular signaling pathways. Therefore, disease management and therapeutic goals require not only high-precision and high-sensitivity methods to detect in plasma very low amounts of reducing and oxidizing molecules but also a much better understanding of the normal processes and metabolic pathways influenced and/or controlled by oxidative stress. As several methodologies have been specifically described for the quantification of the total antioxidant capacity and the oxidation state of diverse biological systems, a successful way to carefully study how redox reactions influence atherosclerosis can be achieved. Since there is still a lack of standardization with many of these methods, clinical trials studying antioxidant capacity have been difficult to compare and therefore difficult to use in order to reach a conclusion. We believe a comprehensive analysis of new knowledge and its relationship with the presence of plasma antioxidants and their reducing capacity will undoubtedly open new ways to understand and develop new therapeutic pathways in the fight not only against atherosclerosis but also against other degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Toledo-Ibelles
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jaime Mas-Oliva
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Rabbani PS, Ellison T, Waqas B, Sultan D, Abdou S, David JA, Cohen JM, Gomez-Viso A, Lam G, Kim C, Thomson J, Ceradini DJ. Targeted Nrf2 activation therapy with RTA 408 enhances regenerative capacity of diabetic wounds. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018; 139:11-23. [PMID: 29476889 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Though unmitigated oxidative stress in diabetic chronic non-healing wounds poses a major therapeutic challenge, currently, there are no effective pharmacological agents. We targeted the cytoprotective Nrf2/Keap1 pathway, which is dysfunctional in diabetic skin and the regenerative environment in the diabetic wound. We assessed the efficacy of a potent Nrf2-activator, RTA 408, a semi-synthetic oleanane triterpenoid, on accelerating diabetic wound healing. METHODS Using Leprdb/dbmice, we made 10 mm-diameter excisional humanized wounds in dorsal skin. We administered RTA 408 formulations daily, and used ANOVA for comparison of time to closure, in vivo real-time ROS, histology, molecular changes. RESULTS We found that RTA 408, specifically a 0.1% formulation, significantly reduced wound healing time and increased wound closure rate. While either systemic or topical administration of RTA 408 is effective, wound closure time with the latter was far superior. RTA 408-treated diabetic wounds upregulated Nrf2 and downstream antioxidant genes, and exhibited well-vascularized granulation tissue that aided in re-epithelialization. Reintroduction of redox mechanisms via RTA 408-induced Nrf2 resulted in reduction of the oxidative status of wounds, to coordinate successful wound closure. CONCLUSIONS This preclinical study shows that promoting Nrf2-mediated antioxidant activity in the localized regenerative milieu of a diabetic wound markedly improves the molecular and cellular composition of diabetic wound beds. RTA 408 treats and corrects the irregularity in redox balance mechanisms involving Nrf2, in an avenue not explored previously for treatment of diabetic wounds and tissue regeneration. Our study supports development of RTA 408 as a therapeutic modality for chronic diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piul S Rabbani
- Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Trevor Ellison
- Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Bukhtawar Waqas
- Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Darren Sultan
- Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Salma Abdou
- Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Joshua A David
- Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Joshua M Cohen
- Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Alejandro Gomez-Viso
- Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Gretl Lam
- Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Camille Kim
- Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Jennifer Thomson
- Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Daniel J Ceradini
- Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States; NYU, Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, 430 E 29th Street, Suite 640, New York, NY 10016, United States.
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Maarman GJ. Natural Antioxidants as Potential Therapy, and a Promising Role for Melatonin Against Pulmonary Hypertension. Adv Exp Med Biol 2018; 967:161-178. [PMID: 29047086 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63245-2_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Plasma and serum samples, and lung/heart tissue of pulmonary hypertension (PH) patients and animal models of PH display elevated oxidative stress. Moreover, the severity of PH and levels of oxidative stress increase concurrently, which suggests that oxidative stress could be utilized as a biomarker for PH progression. Accumulating evidence has well established that oxidative stress is also key role player in the development of PH. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that natural antioxidants improved PH condition, and, therefore, antioxidant therapy has been proposed as a potential therapeutic strategy against PH. These natural antioxidants include medicinal plant extracts and compounds such as resveratrol and melatonin. Recent studies suggest that melatonin provides health benefit against PH, by enhancing antioxidant capacity, increasing vasodilation, counteracting lung and cardiac fibrosis, and stunting right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy/failure. This chapter comprehensively reviews and discusses a variety of natural antioxidants and their efficacy in modulating experimental PH. This chapter also demonstrates that antioxidant therapy remains a therapeutic strategy for PH, and particularly identifies melatonin as a safe, cost-effective, and promising antioxidant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald J Maarman
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa (HICRA) and MRC Inter-University, Cape Heart Group, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
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García-Alcántara F, Murillo-Cuesta S, Pulido S, Bermúdez-Muñoz JM, Martínez-Vega R, Milo M, Varela-Nieto I, Rivera T. The expression of oxidative stress response genes is modulated by a combination of resveratrol and N-acetylcysteine to ameliorate ototoxicity in the rat cochlea. Hear Res 2017; 358:10-21. [PMID: 29304389 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Aminoglycoside antibiotics are used widely in medicine despite their ototoxic side-effects. Oxidative stress and inflammation are key mechanisms determining the extent and severity of the damage. Here we evaluate the protective effect of a treatment with resveratrol plus N-acetylcysteine on the ototoxic actions of kanamycin and furosemide in the rat. Resveratrol (10 mg/kg) and N-acetylcysteine (400 mg/kg) were administered together to Wistar rats on 5 consecutive days. The second day, a concentrated solution of kanamycin and furosemide was placed on the round window to induce ototoxicity. Hearing was assessed by recording auditory brainstem responses before and 5, 16 and 23 days after the beginning of the treatment. Cochlear samples were taken at day 5 (end of the treatment) and at day 23, and targeted PCR arrays or RT-qPCR were performed to analyze oxidative balance and inflammation related genes, respectively. In addition, the cytoarchitecture and the presence of apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation markers were evaluated in cochlear sections. Results indicate that administration of resveratrol plus N-acetylcysteine reduced the threshold shifts induced by ototoxic drugs at high frequencies (≈10 dB), although this protective effect fades after the cessation of the treatment. Gene expression analysis showed that the treatment modulated the expression of genes involved in the cellular oxidative (Gpx1, Sod1, Ccs and Noxa1) and inflammatory (Il1b, Il4, Mpo and Ncf) responses to injury. Thus, co-administration of resveratrol and NAC, routinely used individually in patients, could reduce the ototoxic secondary effects of aminoglycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando García-Alcántara
- Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital, Universidad de Alcalá, Carretera Alcalá-Meco s/n, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Network Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Silvia Murillo-Cuesta
- Institute of Biomedical Research "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Network Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Pedro Rico 6, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sara Pulido
- Institute of Biomedical Research "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Network Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S3 7HF, United Kingdom.
| | - Jose M Bermúdez-Muñoz
- Institute of Biomedical Research "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Network Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Raquel Martínez-Vega
- Institute of Biomedical Research "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marta Milo
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S3 7HF, United Kingdom.
| | - Isabel Varela-Nieto
- Institute of Biomedical Research "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Network Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Pedro Rico 6, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Teresa Rivera
- Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital, Universidad de Alcalá, Carretera Alcalá-Meco s/n, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Network Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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Marcelino P, Marinho HS, Campos MC, Neves AR, Real C, Fontes FS, Carvalho A, Feio G, Martins MBF, Corvo ML. Therapeutic activity of superoxide dismutase-containing enzymosomes on rat liver ischaemia-reperfusion injury followed by magnetic resonance microscopy. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 109:464-471. [PMID: 28887231 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Liver ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) may occur during hepatic surgery and is unavoidable in liver transplantation. Superoxide dismutase enzymosomes (SOD-enzymosomes), liposomes where SOD is at the liposomal surface expressing enzymatic activity in intact form without the need of liposomal disruption, were developed with the aim of having a better insight into its antioxidant therapeutic outcome in IRI. We also aimed at validating magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) at 7T as a tool to follow IRI. SOD-enzymosomes were characterized and tested in a rat ischaemia-reperfusion model and the therapeutic outcome was compared with conventional long circulating SOD liposomes and free SOD using biochemical liver injury biomarkers, histology and MRM. MRM results correlated with those obtained using classical biochemical biomarkers of liver injury and liver histology. Moreover, MRM images suggested that the therapeutic efficacy of both SOD liposomal formulations used was related to prevention of peripheral biliary ductular damage and disrupted vascular architecture. Therefore, MRM at 7T is a useful technique to follow IRI. SOD-enzymosomes were more effective than conventional liposomes in reducing liver ischaemia-reperfusion injury and this may be due to a short therapeutic window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Marcelino
- CEDOC, Nova Medical School, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - H Susana Marinho
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Maria Celeste Campos
- Anatomia Patológica, Hospital Curry Cabral, Rua da Beneficência n.° 8, 1069-166 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Ana Rita Neves
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Carla Real
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Filipa S Fontes
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal and Departamento de Farmácia Galénica e Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Alexandra Carvalho
- CENIMAT-I3N-DCM, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-515 Caparica, Portugal; IEQUALTECS, Lda, R. Dr. Francisco Sá Carneiro, 36, 2500-065 S. Gregório CLD, Portugal.
| | - Gabriel Feio
- CENIMAT-I3N-DCM, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-515 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - M Bárbara F Martins
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal and Departamento de Farmácia Galénica e Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - M Luísa Corvo
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal and Departamento de Farmácia Galénica e Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Steven S, Daiber A, Dopheide JF, Münzel T, Espinola-Klein C. Peripheral artery disease, redox signaling, oxidative stress - Basic and clinical aspects. Redox Biol 2017; 12:787-797. [PMID: 28437655 PMCID: PMC5403804 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS, e.g. H2O2, nitric oxide) confer redox regulation of essential cellular signaling pathways such as cell differentiation, proliferation, migration and apoptosis. At higher concentrations, ROS and RNS lead to oxidative stress and oxidative damage of biomolecules (e.g. via formation of peroxynitrite, fenton chemistry). Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is characterized by severe ischemic conditions in the periphery leading to intermittent claudication and critical limb ischemia (end stage). It is well known that redox biology and oxidative stress play an important role in this setting. We here discuss the major pathways of oxidative stress and redox signaling underlying the disease progression with special emphasis on the contribution of inflammatory processes. We also highlight therapeutic strategies comprising pharmacological (e.g. statins, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, phosphodiesterase inhibition) and non-pharmacological (e.g. exercise) interventions. Both of these strategies induce potent indirect antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms that may contribute to an improvement of PAD associated complications and disease progression by removing excess formation of ROS and RNS (e.g. by ameliorating primary complications such as hyperlipidemia and hypertension) as well as the normalization of the inflammatory phenotype suppressing the progression of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Steven
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Center of Cardiology, Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Center of Cardiology, Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Jörn F Dopheide
- Angiology, Center of Cardiology, Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; Swiss Cardiovascular Center, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Center of Cardiology, Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christine Espinola-Klein
- Angiology, Center of Cardiology, Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
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Ahmad KA, Yuan Yuan D, Nawaz W, Ze H, Zhuo CX, Talal B, Taleb A, Mais E, Qilong D. Antioxidant therapy for management of oxidative stress induced hypertension. Free Radic Res 2017; 51:428-438. [PMID: 28427291 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2017.1322205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is considered as the most common risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, also is regarded as a leading cause of the mortality and morbidity worldwide. The mechanisms underlying the pathological process of hypertension are not completely explained. However, there is growing evidence that increased oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of hypertension. Several preclinical studies and clinical trials have indicated that antioxidant therapy is important for management of hypertension, using antioxidants compounds such as alpha tocopherol (Vit E) and ascorbic acid (Vit C), polyphenols with others and some antihypertensive drugs that are now in clinical use (e.g. ACEIs, ARBs, novel B-blockers, dihydropyridine CCBs) which have antioxidative pleiotropic effects. The purpose of this review is to highlight the importance of antioxidant therapy for management of oxidative stress induced hypertension. Furthermore, we review the current knowledge in the oxidative stress and its significance in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Ali Ahmad
- a Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Dai Yuan Yuan
- a Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Waqas Nawaz
- b School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Hong Ze
- a Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Chen Xue Zhuo
- a Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Bashar Talal
- c Department of Pharmacy Practice, JSS College of Pharmacy , JSS University , Mysuru , India
| | - Abdoh Taleb
- a Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Enos Mais
- d Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Ding Qilong
- a Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
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Ambati M, Rani KR, Reddy PV, Suryaprasanna J, Dasari R, Gireddy H. Evaluation of oxidative stress in chronic periodontitis patients following systemic antioxidant supplementation: A clinical and biochemical study. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2017; 8:99-103. [PMID: 28250683 PMCID: PMC5320832 DOI: 10.4103/0976-9668.198366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Oxidative stress is associated with the pathogenesis of many systemic diseases including chronic periodontitis. Periodontal pathogen activated neutrophils liberate the reactive oxygen species (ROS), which causes the destruction of periodontal tissues. Antioxidants modulate the ROS production and inhibit the tissue destruction. AIM We aimed to evaluate the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) in chronic periodontitis patients following scaling and root planing (SRP) after systemic lycopene supplementation. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was an interventional single arm study. Twenty systemically healthy patients with chronic periodontitis were recruited. Clinical parameters modified gingival index, probing depth, clinical attachment loss were recorded, and serum MDA levels were assessed by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay. Patients were supplemented with 8 mg lycopene daily for 2 months following SRP treatment. All the parameters were assessed at pretreatment and 2 months and 6 months posttreatment. RESULTS From pretreatment to posttreatment at 2 months, the mean values of all parameters were reduced. While from 2 to 6 months when lycopene was not administered, an increase in the mean values of all the parameters was observed; however, these values were still below baseline values. CONCLUSION There was a reduction in oxidative stress and improvement in clinical parameters following systemic antioxidant therapy along with SRP, which was maintained up to 4 months after discontinuation of lycopene treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasa Ambati
- Department of Periodontology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Koduganti Rekha Rani
- Department of Periodontology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Jammula Suryaprasanna
- Department of Periodontology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Rajashree Dasari
- Department of Periodontology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Himabindu Gireddy
- Department of Periodontology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Kaur S, Sharma R, Sarangal V, Kaur N, Prashar P. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory effects of systemically administered curcumin, lycopene and piperine as an adjunct to scaling and root planing: A clinical study. Ayu 2017; 38:117-121. [PMID: 30254390 PMCID: PMC6153907 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.ayu_63_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The natural herbal extracts curcumin (Curcuma longa), lycopene and piperine demonstrated a very potent anti-inflammatory action and can be used as an antioxidant therapy in the management of inflammatory processes such as gingivitis and periodontitis. Aim and Objective: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of systemically administered extracts curcumin, lycopene and piperine as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in patients with moderate gingivitis. Materials and Methods: Sixty systemically healthy participants with moderate gingivitis were enrolled in a randomized clinical study. Participants were randomly distributed into two treatment groups: Group I (test group) (350 mg/day antioxidant therapy) along with SRP for 3 weeks and Group II (control group) SRP alone. Clinical parameters such as plaque index, gingival index and probing pocket depth were evaluated at baseline and after 21 days using paired t-test. Results: Both the treatment groups showed statistically significant reduction in clinical parameters, but the test group showed greater reduction as compared to control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The results concluded that systemically administered antioxidants could cause better resolution of inflammation when used as an adjunct to SRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supreet Kaur
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Richa Sharma
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Vandana Sarangal
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Navkiran Kaur
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Pallavi Prashar
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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Abstract
This article summarizes some of the recent and clinically relevant advances in chronic pancreatitis. These advances mainly concern the definition of the disease, the etiological diagnosis of idiopathic disease, the correlation between fibrosis degree and pancreatic secretion in the early stages of chronic pancreatitis, the treatment of the disease and of pain, the clinical relevance of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, and the diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis. A new mechanistic definition of chronic pancreatitis has been proposed. Genetic testing is mainly of help in patients with relapsing idiopathic pancreatitis. A significant correlation has been shown between the degree of pancreatic fibrosis as evaluated by elastography and pancreatic secretion of bicarbonate. New data supports the efficacy of antioxidants and simvastatin for the therapy of chronic pancreatitis. The pancreatoscopy-guided intraductal lithotripsy is an effective alternative to extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in patients with chronic calcifying pancreatitis. The presence of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in patients with chronic pancreatitis is associated with a significant risk of cardiovascular events. Fine needle biopsy and contrast enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography are of help for the diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis and its differential diagnosis with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Enrique Domínguez-Muñoz
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Santiago (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España.
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Tavanai E, Mohammadkhani G. Role of antioxidants in prevention of age-related hearing loss: a review of literature. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2016; 274:1821-1834. [PMID: 27858145 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-016-4378-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL), also known as presbycusis, is one of the most prevalent chronic degenerative conditions. It is characterized by a decline in auditory function. ARHL is caused by the interaction of multiple factors, including cochlear aging, environment, genetic predisposition, and health comorbidities. The primary pathology of ARHL includes the hair cells loss, stria vascularis atrophy, and loss of spiral ganglion neurons as well as the changes in central auditory pathways. The research to date suggests that oxidative stress and mitochondrial DNA deletion (mtDNA) play a major role in pathophysiology of ARHL. Therefore, similar to other otological conditions, several studies have also showed that antioxidants can slow ARHL, but some also indicate that antioxidant therapy is not a magic elixir that will prevent or treat hearing loss associated with aging completely, but why? All available clinical trials, including animal and human studies, in English language that examined the protective effects of antioxidants against ARHL were reviewed. Materials were obtained by searching ELSEVIER, PubMed, Scopus, Web of knowledge, Google Scholar databases, Clinical trials, and Cochrane database of systematic reviews. Although ARHL has been shown to be slowed by supplementation with antioxidants, particularly in laboratory animals, a few studies have investigated the effect of interventions against ARHL in humans. High-quality clinical trials are needed to investigate if ARHL can be delayed or prevented in humans. However, it seems that targeting several cell-death pathways is better than targeting the only oxidative stress pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Tavanai
- Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Piche-Shemiran, Enghelab Ave, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghassem Mohammadkhani
- Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Piche-Shemiran, Enghelab Ave, Tehran, Iran.
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Akyol S, Yuksel S, Pehlivan S, Erdemli HK, Gulec MA, Adam B, Akyol O. Possible role of antioxidants and nitric oxide inhibitors against carbon monoxide poisoning: Having a clear conscience because of their potential benefits. Med Hypotheses 2016; 92:3-6. [PMID: 27241244 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2016.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide poisoning is one of the important emergency situations manifested by primarily acute and chronic anoxic central nervous system (CNS) injuries and other organ damages. Current descriptions and therapeutic approaches have been focused on the anoxic pathophysiology. However, this point of view incompletely explains some of the outcomes and needs to be investigated extensively. Considering this, we propose that reactive oxygen species (ROS) including especially nitric oxide (NO) are likely to be a key concept to understand the emergency related to CO poisoning and to discover new therapeutic modalities in CO toxicity. If we consider the hypothesis that ROS is involved greatly in acute and chronic toxic effects of CO on CNS and some other vital organs such as heart, it follows that the antioxidant and anti-NO therapies might give the clinicians more opportunities to prevent deep CNS injury. In support of this, we review the subject in essence and summarize clinical and experimental studies that support a key role of ROS in the explanation of pathophysiology of CO toxicity as well as new treatment modalities after CO poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeyya Akyol
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Sevda Yuksel
- Department of Child Development, School of Health, Turgut Ozal University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sultan Pehlivan
- Ankara Regional Office of Council of Forensic Medicine, Morgue Department, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Haci Kemal Erdemli
- Department of Biochemistry Laboratory, Corum Training and Research Hospital, Corum, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Akif Gulec
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bahattin Adam
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, United States
| | - Omer Akyol
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Moura FA, de Andrade KQ, Dos Santos JCF, Araújo ORP, Goulart MOF. Antioxidant therapy for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: Does it work? Redox Biol 2015; 6:617-39. [PMID: 26520808 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is considered as one of the etiologic factors involved in several signals and symptoms of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) that include diarrhea, toxic megacolon and abdominal pain. This systematic review discusses approaches, challenges and perspectives into the use of nontraditional antioxidant therapy on IBD, including natural and synthetic compounds in both human and animal models. One hundred and thirty four papers were identified, of which only four were evaluated in humans. Some of the challenges identified in this review can shed light on this fact: lack of standardization of OS biomarkers, absence of safety data and clinical trials for the chemicals and biological molecules, as well as the fact that most of the compounds were not repeatedly tested in several situations, including acute and chronic colitis. This review hopes to stimulate researchers to become more involved in this fruitful area, to warrant investigation of novel, alternative and efficacious antioxidant-based therapies. Major biomarkers used for evaluation of antioxidant therapy were MPO, TBARS/MDA and glutathione levels. Challenges were identified for the yet poor use of antioxidant therapy in IBD. This review stimulates the investigation of alternative and efficacious antioxidant therapies.
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Miyanishi K, Hoki T, Tanaka S, Kato J. Prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma: Focusing on antioxidant therapy. World J Hepatol 2015; 7:593-599. [PMID: 25848483 PMCID: PMC4381182 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v7.i3.593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been investigated in the context of alcoholic liver injury for many years and shown to be a causal factor of chronic hepatitis C (CHC), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), drug-induced liver injury, Wilson’s disease, and hemochromatosis. In CHC, it has been demonstrated that oxidative stress plays an important role in hepatocarcinogenesis. In cases with persistent hepatitis due to failure of hepatitis C virus eradication, or chronic liver disease, such as NASH, the treatment of which remains unestablished, it is important to reduce serum alanine aminotransferase levels and prevent liver fibrosis and development of hepatocellular carcinoma. This also suggests the importance of antioxidant therapy. Among treatment options where it would be expected that anti-inflammatory activity plays a role in their confirmed efficacy for chronic hepatitis, iron depletion therapy, glycyrrhizin, ursodeoxycholic acid, Sho-Saiko-To, and vitamin E can all be considered antioxidant therapies. To date, however, the ability of these treatments to prevent cancer has been confirmed only in CHC. Nevertheless, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects have been demonstrated in other liver diseases and these therapies may potentially be effective for cancer prevention.
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Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), as one of the major cardiac complications in diabetic patients, is known to related with oxidative stress that is due to a severe imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or reactive nitrogen species (RNS) generation and their clearance by antioxidant defense systems. Transcription factor nuclear factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays an important role in maintaining the oxidative homeostasis by regulating multiple downstream antioxidants. Diabetes may up-regulate several antioxidants in the heart as a compensative mechanism at early stage, but at late stage, diabetes not only generates extra ROS and/or RNS but also impairs antioxidant capacity in the heart, including Nrf2. In an early study, we have established that Nrf2 protect the cardiac cells and heart from high level of glucose in vitro and hyperglycemia in vivo, and in the following study demonstrated the significant down-regulation of cardiac Nrf2 expression in diabetic animals and patients. Using Nrf2-KO mice or Nrf2 inducers, blooming evidence has indicated the important protection by Nrf2 from cardiac pathogenesis in the diabetes. Therefore, this brief review summarizes the status of studies on Nrf2's role in preventing DCM and even other complications, the need for new and safe Nrf2 inducer screening and the precaution for the undesirable side of Nrf2 under certain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Kosair Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, the University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Kosair Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, the University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- The Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lu Cai
- Kosair Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, the University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
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Parisotto EB, Garlet TR, Cavalli VLDLO, Zamoner A, da Rosa JS, Bastos J, Micke GA, Fröde TS, Pedrosa RC, Wilhelm Filho D. Antioxidant intervention attenuates oxidative stress in children and teenagers with Down syndrome. Res Dev Disabil 2014; 35:1228-1236. [PMID: 24685938 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that systemic oxidative stress is present in Down syndrome (DS) patients. In the present study we investigated the antioxidant status in the peripheral blood of DS children and teenagers comparing such status before and after an antioxidant supplementation. Oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated in the blood of DS patients (n=21) before and after a daily antioxidant intervention (vitamin E 400mg, C 500 mg) during 6 months. Healthy children (n=18) without DS were recruited as control group. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), as well as the contents of reduced glutathione (GSH), uric acid, vitamin E, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and protein carbonyls (PC) were measured. Before the antioxidant therapy, DS patients presented decreased GST activity and GSH depletion; elevated SOD, CAT, GR, GGT and MPO activities; increased uric acid levels; while GPx and G6PD activities as well as vitamin E and TBARS levels were unaltered. After the antioxidant supplementation, SOD, CAT, GPx, GR, GGT and MPO activities were downregulated, while TBARS contents were strongly decreased in DS. Also, the antioxidant therapy did not change G6PD and GST activities as well as uric acid and PC levels, while it significantly increased GSH and vitamin E levels in DS patients. Our results clearly demonstrate that the antioxidant intervention with vitamins E and C attenuated the systemic oxidative damage present in DS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thais Regina Garlet
- Department of Ecology and Zoology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Ariane Zamoner
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Julia Salvan da Rosa
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Juliana Bastos
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Amadeu Micke
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Tania Silvia Fröde
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Danilo Wilhelm Filho
- Department of Ecology and Zoology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
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Hassan W, Silva CEB, Mohammadzai IU, da Rocha JBT, Landeira-Fernandez J. Association of oxidative stress to the genesis of anxiety: implications for possible therapeutic interventions. Curr Neuropharmacol 2014; 12:120-39. [PMID: 24669207 PMCID: PMC3964744 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x11666131120232135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2013] [Revised: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress caused by reactive species, including reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, and unbound, adventitious metal ions (e.g., iron [Fe] and copper [Cu]), is an underlying cause of various neurodegenerative diseases. These reactive species are an inevitable by-product of cellular respiration or other metabolic processes that may cause the oxidation of lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins. Oxidative stress has recently been implicated in depression and anxiety-related disorders. Furthermore, the manifestation of anxiety in numerous psychiatric disorders, such as generalized anxiety disorder, depressive disorder, panic disorder, phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder, highlights the importance of studying the underlying biology of these disorders to gain a better understanding of the disease and to identify common biomarkers for these disorders. Most recently, the expression of glutathione reductase 1 and glyoxalase 1, which are genes involved in antioxidative metabolism, were reported to be correlated with anxiety-related phenotypes. This review focuses on direct and indirect evidence of the potential involvement of oxidative stress in the genesis of anxiety and discusses different opinions that exist in this field. Antioxidant therapeutic strategies are also discussed, highlighting the importance of oxidative stress in the etiology, incidence, progression, and prevention of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Hassan
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | | | - Imdad Ullah Mohammadzai
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Joao Batista Teixeira da Rocha
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Howard MD, Greineder CF, Hood ED, Muzykantov VR. Endothelial targeting of liposomes encapsulating SOD/catalase mimetic EUK-134 alleviates acute pulmonary inflammation. J Control Release 2014; 177:34-41. [PMID: 24412573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Revised: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Production of excessive levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the vascular endothelium is a common pathogenic pathway in many dangerous conditions, including acute lung injury, ischemia-reperfusion, and inflammation. Ineffective delivery of antioxidants to the endothelium limits their utility for management of these conditions. In this study, we devised a novel translational antioxidant intervention targeted to the vascular endothelium using PEG-liposomes loaded with EUK-134 (EUK), a potent superoxide dismutase/catalase mimetic. EUK loaded into antibody-coated liposomes (size 197.8±4.5 nm diameter, PDI 0.179±0.066) exerted partial activity in the intact carrier, while full activity was recovered upon liposome disruption. For targeting we used antibodies (Abs) to platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM-1). Both streptavidin-biotin and SATA/SMCC conjugation chemistries provided binding of 125-150 Ab molecules per liposome. Ab/EUK/liposomes, but not IgG/EUK/liposomes: i) bound to endothelial cells and inhibited cytokine-induced inflammatory activation in vitro; and, ii) accumulated in lungs after intravascular injection, providing >60% protection against pulmonary edema in endotoxin-challenged mice (vs <6% protection afforded by IgG/liposome/EUK counterpart). Since the design elements of this drug delivery system are already in clinical use (PEG-liposomes, antibodies, SATA/SMCC conjugation), it is an attractive candidate for translational interventions using antioxidant molecules such as EUK and other clinically acceptable drugs.
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Zhang XY, Yao JK. Oxidative stress and therapeutic implications in psychiatric disorders. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2013; 46:197-9. [PMID: 23523744 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that disturbances of antioxidant defense system and presence of oxidative stress can play a part in a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression, as well as antipsychotic-induced tardive dyskinesia (TD). Moreover, researchers have embarked on using antioxidant treatment as adjunct therapy for psychiatry disorders. Evidence from clinical, pre-clinical and epidemiological studies suggests that a benefit of using antioxidant compounds should be considered as an adjunctive therapy in these patients. These are some of the main perspectives that are reviewed by four articles in this special section. Overall, there has been growing recognition of the importance of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders and the development of TD. The collection of articles in this special section will contribute to providing more efficacious treatments arising from a better appreciation of the roles of oxidative stress in these psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yang Zhang
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA; Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing Hui Long Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Navarrete ML, Cerdeño MC, Serra MC, Conejero R. [Mitochondrial and microcirculatory distress syndrome in the critical patient. Therapeutic implications]. Med Intensiva 2013; 37:476-84. [PMID: 24018281 DOI: 10.1016/j.medin.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial and microcirculatory distress syndrome (MMDS) can occur during systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and is characterized by cytopathic tissue hypoxia uncorrected by oxygen transport optimization, and associated with an acquired defect in the use of oxygen and energy production in mitochondria, leading to multiple organ dysfunction (MOD). We examine the pathogenesis of MMDS, new diagnostic methods, and recent therapeutic approaches adapted to each of the three phases in the evolution of the syndrome. In the initial phase, the aim is prevention and early reversal of mitochondrial dysfunction. Once the latter is established, the aim is to restore flow of the electron chain, mitochondrial respiration, and to avoid cellular energy collapse. Finally, in the third (resolution) stage, treatment should focus on stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis and the repair or replacement of damaged mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Navarrete
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario San Juan, San Juan, Alicante, España
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Shah N, Siriwardena AK. Cytokine profiles in patients receiving antioxidant therapy within the ANTICIPATE trial. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:4001-4006. [PMID: 23840145 PMCID: PMC3703187 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i25.4001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To measure a broad profile of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with clinically proven chronic pancreatitis (CP) taking either antioxidant therapy or placebo as part of the larger ANTICIPATE study.
METHODS: Patients with chronic pancreatitis were recruited to the ANTICIPATE study following informed consent and were randomised to intervention with either antox version 1.2-based antioxidant therapy or placebo. After a separate ethics committee amendment a subgroup of 7 patients from either arm of the study were selected for additional analysis of cytokines. Cytokines were measured at baseline and after 6 mo of either antox therapy or placebo by biochip array and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
RESULTS: Antioxidant therapy and placebo groups were well-matched in terms of age, gender, aetiology of CP, opiate use and disease duration. Baseline antioxidant levels were similar in patients allocated to the antioxidant group as compared to the group allocated to placebo. After 6 mo of antioxidant therapy there was significant elevation in vitamin C levels in the intervention group: 17.6 μg/mL (12.8-29.3 μg/mL) compared to 4.8 μg/mL (1.6-9.1 μg/mL) in placebo (P < 0.001; 95%CI: 9.0-20.2) with similar trends in selenium levels. There was no elevation in a broad array of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the antioxidant group compared to placebo [interleukin (IL)-1B, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α] either at baseline or after 6 mo of antioxidant therapy.
CONCLUSION: Cytokine levels were low at baseline and at 6 mo despite a significant elevation in plasma antioxidants. In patients with CP, with opiate-dependent abdominal pain, circulating cytokine levels are low suggesting that pain in this disease is not simply a manifestation of inflammation.
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Benfeito S, Oliveira C, Soares P, Fernandes C, Silva T, Teixeira J, Borges F. Antioxidant therapy: still in search of the 'magic bullet'. Mitochondrion 2013; 13:427-35. [PMID: 23246773 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2012.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of natural phenolic antioxidants in human diseases associated with oxidative damage has received great attention to date. Appraisal of literature evidences that, in general, antioxidant therapy has enjoyed relative successes in preclinical studies but little benefits in human intervention studies or clinical trials. In fact, despite the huge, largely untapped potential therapeutic benefit of natural phenolic antioxidants, such as vitamins, non-flavonoid and flavonoid compounds, they appear not to be suitable drug candidates. The problem may be related, among others, to their non-drug-likeness properties. Though controversial the results obtained so far confirm the importance of exploring phenolic natural systems as safe templates for the design of new antioxidants. To support the assumption an outlook of the lead structural optimization process to improve ADME properties was given by means of natural hydroxycinnamic acids as a case study. The optimization of drug physicochemical properties and the development of appropriate delivery antioxidant systems can provide in the next future a way out to attain effective therapeutic antioxidant agents.
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FETONI A, ERAMO S, ROLESI R, TROIANI D, PALUDETTI G. Antioxidant treatment with coenzyme Q-ter in prevention of gentamycin ototoxicity in an animal model. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 2012; 32:103-10. [PMID: 22767971 PMCID: PMC3383078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aminoglycosides, such as gentamycin, are well known ototoxic agents. Toxicity occurs via an activation process involving the formation of an iron-gentamycin complex with free radical production. Antioxidants like Q-ter (a soluble formulation of coenzyme Q(10), CoQ(10)), can limit or prevent cellular ototoxic damage. The present study was designed to investigate the possible protective effects of Q-ter on gentamycin ototoxicity in albino guinea pigs (250-300 g). Animals were divided into five experimental groups: I, a sham control group given an intra-peritoneal (I.P.) injection of 0.5 ml saline (SHAM); II, gentamycin group (GM), treated with an injection of gentamycin (100 mg/ kg); III, gentamycin + Q-ter group (GM+Q-ter), treated with gentamycin (same dose as group II) and an I.P. injection of coenzyme Q(10) terclatrate (Q-ter) at 100 mg/kg body weight; IV, injected with gentamycin (100 mg/kg) plus saline; V, treated with Q-ter alone (100 mg/ kg). All animals were treated for 14 consecutive days. Auditory function was evaluated by recording auditory brainstem responses (ABR) at 15 and 30 days from the beginning of treatment. Morphological changes were analyzed by rhodamine-phalloidine staining. Gentamycin-induced progressive high-frequency hearing loss of 45-55 dB SPL. Q-ter therapy slowed and attenuated the progression of hearing loss, yielding a threshold shift of 20 dB. The significant loss of outer hair cells (OHCs) in the cochlear medio-basal turn in gentamycin-treated animals was not observed in the cochleae of animals protected with Q-ter. This study supports the hypothesis that Q-ter interferes with gentamycin-induced free radical formation, and suggests that it may be useful in protecting OHC function from aminoglycoside ototoxicity, thus reducing hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S.L.M. ERAMO
- Human Physiology, Catholic University of Rome, Italy
| | | | - D. TROIANI
- Human Physiology, Catholic University of Rome, Italy,Address for correspondence: Diana Troiani, Institute of Human Physiology, Catholic University of Rome, largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy. Tel. +39 06 30154966. E-mail:
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Gomez EV, Perez YM, Sanchez HV, Forment GR, Soler EA, Bertot LC, Garcia AY, del Rosario Abreu Vazquez M, Fabian LG. Antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects of Viusid in patients with chronic hepatitis C. World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16:2638-47. [PMID: 20518086 PMCID: PMC2880777 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i21.2638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the efficacy of Viusid, a nutritional supplement, as an antioxidant and an immunomodulator in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
METHODS: Sixty patients with chronic hepatitis C who were non-responders to standard antiviral treatment were randomly assigned to receive Viusid (3 sachets daily, n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) for 24 wk. The primary outcome was the change in serum malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxyalkenals (lipid peroxidation products). Secondary outcomes were changes in serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-10 (IL-10).
RESULTS: Statistically significant reductions in serum 4-hydroxyalkenals and malondialdehyde levels were observed in both groups in comparison with pretreatment values, but the patients who received Viusid showed a more marked reduction as compared with the control group (P = 0.001). TNF-α levels significantly increased from 6.9 to 16.2 pg/mL (P < 0.01) in the patients who received placebo in comparison with almost unchanged levels, from 6.6 to 7.1 pg/mL (P = 0.26), in the patients treated with Viusid (P = 0.001). In addition, IL-10 levels were markedly increased in the patients treated with Viusid (from 2.6 to 8.3 pg/mL, P = 0.04) in contrast to the patients assigned to placebo (from 2.8 to 4.1 pg/mL, P = 0.09) (P = 0.01). Likewise, the administration of Viusid markedly increased mean IFN-γ levels from 1.92 to 2.89 pg/mL (P < 0.001) in comparison with a reduction in mean levels from 1.80 to 1.68 pg/mL (P = 0.70) in the placebo group (P < 0.0001). Viusid administration was well tolerated.
CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that treatment with Viusid leads to a notable improvement of oxidative stress and immunological parameters in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
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Gabbay E, Zigmond E, Pappo O, Hemed N, Rowe M, Zabrecky G, Cohen R, Ilan Y. Antioxidant therapy for chronic hepatitis C after failure of interferon: Results of phase II randomized, double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial. World J Gastroenterol 2007; 13:5317-23. [PMID: 17879400 PMCID: PMC4171320 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i40.5317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To assess the safety and efficacy of antioxidant therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.
METHODS: One hundred chronic HCV infection patients failed in interferon treatment were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive combined intravenous and oral antioxidants or placebo, or oral treatment alone. Primary end points were liver enzymes, HCV-RNA levels and histology.
RESULTS: Combined oral and intravenous antioxidant therapy was associated with a significant decline in ALT levels in 52% of patients who received antioxidant therapy vs 20% of patients who received placebo (P = 0.05). Histology activity index (HAI) score at the end of treatment was reduced in 48% of patients who received antioxidant therapy vs 26% of patients who received placebo (P = 0.21). HCV-RNA levels decreased by 1-log or more in 28% of patients who received antioxidant therapy vs 12% who received placebo (P = NS). In part II of the trial, oral administration of antioxidants was not associated with significant alterations in any of the end points.
CONCLUSION: Antioxidant therapy has a mild beneficial effect on the inflammatory response of chronic HCV infection patients who are non-responders to interferon. Combined antiviral and antioxidant therapy may be beneficial for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezra Gabbay
- Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical Center, POB 12000, Jerusalem IL-91120, Israel
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