701
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Dan Y, Shi H, Stephan C, Liang X. Rapid analysis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in sunscreens using single particle inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. Microchem J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2015.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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702
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Hong F, Zhao X, Chen M, Zhou Y, Ze Y, Wang L, Wang Y, Ge Y, Zhang Q, Ye L. TiO2 nanoparticles-induced apoptosis of primary cultured Sertoli cells of mice. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 104:124-35. [PMID: 26238530 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), as largest production and use of nanomaterials, have been demonstrated to have a potential toxicity on reproductive system. However, the mechanism underlying male reproductive toxicity of TiO2 NPs remains limited. Thus, our study was designed to examine the cellular viability, apoptosis, oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity, and expression of apoptotic cytokines in primary cultured Sertoli cells isolated from mice under TiO2 NPs exposure. Results showed that TiO2 NPs exposure from 5 to 30 μg/mL resulted in reduction of cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase release, and induction of apoptosis or death on Sertoli cells. TiO2 NPs could migrate to Sertoli cells, which induced mitochondria-mediated or endoplasmic-reticulum-mediated apoptotic changes including elevation in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and reductions in superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities, decreases in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and releases of cytochrome c into the cytosol. In addition, upregulation of cytochrome c, Bax, caspase-3, glucose-regulated protein 78, and C/EBP homologous protein and caspase-12 protein expression, and downregulation of bcl-2 protein expression in primary cultured Sertoli cells induced by TiO2 NPs treatment. All of the results suggested that ROS generation may play a critical role in the initiation of TiO2 NPs-induced apoptosis by mediation of the disruption of ΔΨm, the cytochrome c release, and further the activation of caspase cascade and unfolded protein response signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fashui Hong
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhao
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjun Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuguan Ze
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Wang
- Library of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajing Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yushuang Ge
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingqun Ye
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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703
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Armand L, Biola-Clier M, Bobyk L, Collin-Faure V, Diemer H, Strub JM, Cianferani S, Van Dorsselaer A, Herlin-Boime N, Rabilloud T, Carriere M. Molecular responses of alveolar epithelial A549 cells to chronic exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles: A proteomic view. J Proteomics 2015; 134:163-173. [PMID: 26276045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Although the biological effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) have been studied for more than two decades, the mechanisms governing their toxicity are still unclear. We applied 2D-gel proteomics analysis on A549 epithelial alveolar cells chronically exposed for 2months to 2.5 or 50μg/mL of deeply characterized TiO2-NPs, in order to obtain comprehensive molecular responses that may reflect functional outcomes. We show that exposure to TiO2-NPs impacts the abundance of 30 protein species, corresponding to 22 gene products. These proteins are involved in glucose metabolism, trafficking, gene expression, mitochondrial function, proteasome activity and DNA damage response. Besides, our results suggest that p53 pathway is activated, slowing down cell cycle progression and reducing cell proliferation rate. Moreover, we report increased content of chaperones-related proteins, which suggests homeostasis re-establishment. Finally, our results highlight that chronic exposure to TiO2-NPs affects the same cellular functions as acute exposure to TiO2-NPs, although lower exposure concentrations and longer exposure times induce more intense cellular response. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Our results make possible the identification of new mechanisms that explain TiO2-NP toxicity upon long-term, in vitro exposure of A549 cells. It is the first article describing -omics results obtained with this experimental strategy. We show that this long-term exposure modifies the cellular content of proteins involved in functions including mitochondrial activity, intra- and extracellular trafficking, proteasome activity, glucose metabolism, and gene expression. Moreover we observe modification of content of proteins that activate the p53 pathway, which suggest the induction of a DNA damage response. Technically, our results show that exposure of A549 cells to a high concentration of TiO2-NPs leads to the identification of modulations of the same functional categories than exposure to low, more realistic concentrations. Still the intensity differs between these two exposure scenarios. We also show that chronic exposure to TiO2-NPs induces the modulation of cellular functions that have already been reported in the literature as being impacted in acute exposure scenarios. This proves that the exposure protocol in in vitro experiments related to nanoparticle toxicology might be cautiously chosen since inappropriate scenario may lead to inappropriate and/or incomplete conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Armand
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, INAC-LCIB, Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CEA, INAC-SCIB, Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Mathilde Biola-Clier
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, INAC-LCIB, Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CEA, INAC-SCIB, Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Laure Bobyk
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, INAC-LCIB, Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CEA, INAC-SCIB, Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Véronique Collin-Faure
- CEA Grenoble, iRTSV/CBM, Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Metals, Grenoble, France
| | - Hélène Diemer
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO), Université de Strasbourg, IPHC, 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg, France; CNRS, UMR7178, 67037 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Marc Strub
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO), Université de Strasbourg, IPHC, 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg, France; CNRS, UMR7178, 67037 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sarah Cianferani
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO), Université de Strasbourg, IPHC, 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg, France; CNRS, UMR7178, 67037 Strasbourg, France
| | - Alain Van Dorsselaer
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO), Université de Strasbourg, IPHC, 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg, France; CNRS, UMR7178, 67037 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Thierry Rabilloud
- CNRS UMR 5249, Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Metals, Grenoble, France.
| | - Marie Carriere
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, INAC-LCIB, Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CEA, INAC-SCIB, Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble, France.
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704
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Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle Penetration into the Skin and Effects on HaCaT Cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:9282-97. [PMID: 26262634 PMCID: PMC4555280 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120809282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) suspensions (concentration 1.0 g/L) in synthetic sweat solution were applied on Franz cells for 24 h using intact and needle-abraded human skin. Titanium content into skin and receiving phases was determined. Cytotoxicity (MTT, AlamarBlue® and propidium iodide, PI, uptake assays) was evaluated on HaCat keratinocytes after 24 h, 48 h, and seven days of exposure. After 24 h of exposure, no titanium was detectable in receiving solutions for both intact and damaged skin. Titanium was found in the epidermal layer after 24 h of exposure (0.47 ± 0.33 μg/cm2) while in the dermal layer, the concentration was below the limit of detection. Damaged skin, in its whole, has shown a similar concentration (0.53 ± 0.26 μg/cm2). Cytotoxicity studies on HaCaT cells demonstrated that TiO2NPs induced cytotoxic effects only at very high concentrations, reducing cell viability after seven days of exposure with EC50s of 8.8 × 10−4 M (MTT assay), 3.8 × 10−5 M (AlamarBlue® assay), and 7.6 × 10−4 M (PI uptake, index of a necrotic cell death). Our study demonstrated that TiO2NPs cannot permeate intact and damaged skin and can be found only in the stratum corneum and epidermis. Moreover, the low cytotoxic effect observed on human HaCaT keratinocytes suggests that these nano-compounds have a potential toxic effect at the skin level only after long-term exposure.
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705
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Natarajan V, Wilson CL, Hayward SL, Kidambi S. Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Trigger Loss of Function and Perturbation of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Primary Hepatocytes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134541. [PMID: 26247363 PMCID: PMC4527597 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles are one of the most highly manufactured and employed nanomaterials in the world with applications in copious industrial and consumer products. The liver is a major accumulation site for many nanoparticles, including TiO2, directly through intentional exposure or indirectly through unintentional ingestion via water, food or animals and increased environmental contamination. Growing concerns over the current usage of TiO2 coupled with the lack of mechanistic understanding of its potential health risk is the motivation for this study. Here we determined the toxic effect of three different TiO2 nanoparticles (commercially available rutile, anatase and P25) on primary rat hepatocytes. Specifically, we evaluated events related to hepatocyte functions and mitochondrial dynamics: (1) urea and albumin synthesis using colorimetric and ELISA assays, respectively; (2) redox signaling mechanisms by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP); (3) OPA1 and Mfn-1 expression that mediates the mitochondrial dynamics by PCR; and (4) mitochondrial morphology by MitoTracker Green FM staining. All three TiO2 nanoparticles induced a significant loss (p < 0.05) in hepatocyte functions even at concentrations as low as 50 ppm with commercially used P25 causing maximum damage. TiO2 nanoparticles induced a strong oxidative stress in primary hepatocytes. TiO2 nanoparticles exposure also resulted in morphological changes in mitochondria and substantial loss in the fusion process, thus impairing the mitochondrial dynamics. Although this study demonstrated that TiO2 nanoparticles exposure resulted in substantial damage to primary hepatocytes, more in vitro and in vivo studies are required to determine the complete toxicological mechanism in primary hepatocytes and subsequently liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishaali Natarajan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, 68588, United States of America
| | - Christina L. Wilson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, 68588, United States of America
| | - Stephen L. Hayward
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, 68588, United States of America
| | - Srivatsan Kidambi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, 68588, United States of America
- Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, 68588, United States of America
- Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, 68198, United States of America
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706
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Bouwmeester H, Hollman PCH, Peters RJB. Potential Health Impact of Environmentally Released Micro- and Nanoplastics in the Human Food Production Chain: Experiences from Nanotoxicology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:8932-47. [PMID: 26130306 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 596] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
High concentrations of plastic debris have been observed in the oceans. Much of the recent concern has focused on microplastics in the marine environment. Recent studies of the size distribution of the plastic debris suggested that continued fragmenting of microplastics into nanosized particles may occur. In this review we assess the current literature on the occurrence of environmentally released micro- and nanoplastics in the human food production chain and their potential health impact. The currently used analytical techniques introduce a great bias in the knowledge, since they are only able to detect plastic particles well above the nanorange. We discuss the potential use of the very sensitive analytical techniques that have been developed for the detection and quantification of engineered nanoparticles. We recognize three possible toxic effects of plastic particles: first due to the plastic particles themselves, second to the release of persistent organic pollutant adsorbed to the plastics, and third to the leaching of additives of the plastics. The limited data on microplastics in foods do not predict adverse effect of these pollutants or additives. Potential toxic effects of microplastic particles will be confined to the gut. The potential human toxicity of nanoplastics is poorly studied. Based on our experiences in nanotoxicology we prioritized future research questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Bouwmeester
- RIKILT Wageningen University and Research Center, P.O. Box 230, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6700 AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter C H Hollman
- RIKILT Wageningen University and Research Center, P.O. Box 230, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6700 AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud J B Peters
- RIKILT Wageningen University and Research Center, P.O. Box 230, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6700 AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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707
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Nanosized TiO2 is internalized by dorsal root ganglion cells and causes damage via apoptosis. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2015; 11:1309-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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708
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Ren W, Yan Y, Zeng L, Shi Z, Gong A, Schaaf P, Wang D, Zhao J, Zou B, Yu H, Chen G, Brown EMB, Wu A. A Near Infrared Light Triggered Hydrogenated Black TiO2 for Cancer Photothermal Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:1526-36. [PMID: 26010821 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
White TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used for cancer photodynamic therapy based on their ultraviolet light-triggered properties. To date, biomedical applications using white TiO2 NPs have been limited, since ultraviolet light is a well-known mutagen and shallow penetration. This work is the first report about hydrogenated black TiO2 (H-TiO2 ) NPs with near infrared absorption explored as photothermal agent for cancer photothermal therapy to circumvent the obstacle of ultraviolet light excitation. Here, it is shown that photothermal effect of H-TiO2 NPs can be attributed to their dramatically enhanced nonradiative recombination. After polyethylene glycol (PEG) coating, H-TiO2 -PEG NPs exhibit high photothermal conversion efficiency of 40.8%, and stable size distribution in serum solution. The toxicity and cancer therapy effect of H-TiO2 -PEG NPs are relative systemically evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The findings herein demonstrate that infrared-irradiated H-TiO2 -PEG NPs exhibit low toxicity, high efficiency as a photothermal agent for cancer therapy, and are promising for further biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhi Ren
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices; Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 1219 ZhongGuan West Road Ningbo 315201 China
| | - Yong Yan
- Chair Materials for Electrical Engineering and Electronics; Institute of Materials Engineering and Institute of Micro- and Nanotechnologies MarcoNano, TU Ilmenau; Gustav-Kirchhoff-Str. 5 Ilmenau 98693 Germany
| | - Leyong Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices; Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 1219 ZhongGuan West Road Ningbo 315201 China
| | - Zhenzhi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices; Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 1219 ZhongGuan West Road Ningbo 315201 China
| | - An Gong
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices; Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 1219 ZhongGuan West Road Ningbo 315201 China
| | - Peter Schaaf
- Chair Materials for Electrical Engineering and Electronics; Institute of Materials Engineering and Institute of Micro- and Nanotechnologies MarcoNano, TU Ilmenau; Gustav-Kirchhoff-Str. 5 Ilmenau 98693 Germany
| | - Dong Wang
- Chair Materials for Electrical Engineering and Electronics; Institute of Materials Engineering and Institute of Micro- and Nanotechnologies MarcoNano, TU Ilmenau; Gustav-Kirchhoff-Str. 5 Ilmenau 98693 Germany
| | - Jinshun Zhao
- Public Health Department; Ningbo University; 818 Fenghua Road Ningbo 315211 China
| | - Baobo Zou
- Public Health Department; Ningbo University; 818 Fenghua Road Ningbo 315211 China
| | - Hongsheng Yu
- Affiliated Hospital of Medical School; Ningbo University; 247 People Road Ningbo 315020 China
| | - Ge Chen
- College of Environmental & Energy Engineering; Beijing University of Technology; 100 Pingleyuan Beijing 100124 China
| | | | - Aiguo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices; Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 1219 ZhongGuan West Road Ningbo 315201 China
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709
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Pelclova D, Barosova H, Kukutschova J, Zdimal V, Navratil T, Fenclova Z, Vlckova S, Schwarz J, Zikova N, Kacer P, Komarc M, Belacek J, Zakharov S. Raman microspectroscopy of exhaled breath condensate and urine in workers exposed to fine and nano TiO
2
particles: a cross-sectional study. J Breath Res 2015; 9:036008. [DOI: 10.1088/1752-7155/9/3/036008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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710
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Yu KN, Chang SH, Park SJ, Lim J, Lee J, Yoon TJ, Kim JS, Cho MH. Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Induce Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Autophagic Cell Death via Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane Disruption in Normal Lung Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131208. [PMID: 26121477 PMCID: PMC4485469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials are used in diverse fields including food, cosmetic, and medical industries. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NP) are widely used, but their effects on biological systems and mechanism of toxicity have not been elucidated fully. Here, we report the toxicological mechanism of TiO2-NP in cell organelles. Human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE14o-) were exposed to 50 and 100 μg/mL TiO2-NP for 24 and 48 h. Our results showed that TiO2-NP induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the cells and disrupted the mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs) and calcium ion balance, thereby increasing autophagy. In contrast, an inhibitor of ER stress, tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), mitigated the cellular toxic response, suggesting that TiO2-NP promoted toxicity via ER stress. This novel mechanism of TiO2-NP toxicity in human bronchial epithelial cells suggests that further exhaustive research on the harmful effects of these nanoparticles in relevant organisms is needed for their safe application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Nam Yu
- Laboratory of Toxicology, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Hee Chang
- Laboratory of Toxicology, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Jin Park
- R&D Center, Biterials Co., Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Korea
| | - Joohyun Lim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Gwanak-gu, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinkyu Lee
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Gwanak-gu, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Jong Yoon
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life Science, CHA University, Pocheon-shi, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Jun-Sung Kim
- R&D Center, Biterials Co., Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Korea
- * E-mail: (JSK); (MHC)
| | - Myung-Haing Cho
- Laboratory of Toxicology, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea
- Graduate Group of Tumor Biology, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea
- Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
- Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
- * E-mail: (JSK); (MHC)
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711
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Luan B, Huynh T, Zhou R. Simplified TiO2 force fields for studies of its interaction with biomolecules. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:234102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4922618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Binquan Luan
- IBM T J Watson Research Center, 1101 Kitchawan Road, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - Tien Huynh
- IBM T J Watson Research Center, 1101 Kitchawan Road, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - Ruhong Zhou
- IBM T J Watson Research Center, 1101 Kitchawan Road, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
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712
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Simkó M, Mattsson MO. Interactions between nanosized materials and the brain. Curr Med Chem 2015; 21:4200-14. [PMID: 25039776 PMCID: PMC4435026 DOI: 10.2174/0929867321666140716100449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The current rapid development of nanotechnologies and engineered nanomaterials (ENM) will impact the society in a major fashion during the coming decades. This development also causes substantial safety concerns. Among the many promising applications of ENM, products that can be used for diagnosis and treatment of diseases, including conditions that affect the nervous system, are under development. ENM can pass the blood brain barrier (BBB) and accumulate within the brain. It seems that the nano-form rather than the bulk form of the chemicals pass the BBB, and that there is an inverse relationship between particle size and the ability to penetrate the BBB. Although translocation of ENM to the brain is possible during experimental conditions, the health relevance for real-life situations is far from clear. One major reason for this is that studies have been using nanoparticle concentrations that are far higher than the ones that can be expected during realistic exposures. However, very high exposure to the CNS can cause effects on neurotransmission, redox homeostasis and behavior. Available studies have been focusing on possible effects of the first generation of ENM. It will be necessary to study possible health effects also of expected novel sophisticated materials, independent of the outcome of present studies. The prospects for intended or targeted medical applications are promising since it has been shown that ENM can be made to pass the BBB and reach specific regions or cells within the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mats-Olof Mattsson
- Health and Environment Department, Environmental Resources and Technologies, Austrian Institute of Technology, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria.
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713
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Garduño-Balderas LG, Urrutia-Ortega IM, Medina-Reyes EI, Chirino YI. Difficulties in establishing regulations for engineered nanomaterials and considerations for policy makers: avoiding an unbalance between benefits and risks. J Appl Toxicol 2015; 35:1073-85. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Guillermo Garduño-Balderas
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; CP 54090 Estado de México México
| | - Ismael Manuel Urrutia-Ortega
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; CP 54090 Estado de México México
- Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
| | - Estefany Ingrid Medina-Reyes
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; CP 54090 Estado de México México
- Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
| | - Yolanda Irasema Chirino
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; CP 54090 Estado de México México
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714
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Jovanović B. Review of titanium dioxide nanoparticle phototoxicity: Developing a phototoxicity ratio to correct the endpoint values of toxicity tests. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2015; 34:1070-7. [PMID: 25640001 PMCID: PMC5008198 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles are photoactive and produce reactive oxygen species under natural sunlight. Reactive oxygen species can be detrimental to many organisms, causing oxidative damage, cell injury, and death. Most studies investigating TiO2 nanoparticle toxicity did not consider photoactivation and performed tests either in dark conditions or under artificial lighting that did not simulate natural irradiation. The present study summarizes the literature and derives a phototoxicity ratio between the results of nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2 ) experiments conducted in the absence of sunlight and those conducted under solar or simulated solar radiation (SSR) for aquatic species. Therefore, the phototoxicity ratio can be used to correct endpoints of the toxicity tests with nano-TiO2 that were performed in absence of sunlight. Such corrections also may be important for regulators and risk assessors when reviewing previously published data. A significant difference was observed between the phototoxicity ratios of 2 distinct groups: aquatic species belonging to order Cladocera, and all other aquatic species. Order Cladocera appeared very sensitive and prone to nano-TiO2 phototoxicity. On average nano-TiO2 was 20 times more toxic to non-Cladocera and 1867 times more toxic to Cladocera (median values 3.3 and 24.7, respectively) after illumination. Both median value and 75% quartile of the phototoxicity ratio are chosen as the most practical values for the correction of endpoints of nano-TiO2 toxicity tests that were performed in dark conditions, or in the absence of sunlight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Jovanović
- Fish Diseases and Fisheries Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, and Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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715
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Fu L, Hamzeh M, Dodard S, Zhao YH, Sunahara GI. Effects of TiO2 nanoparticles on ROS production and growth inhibition using freshwater green algae pre-exposed to UV irradiation. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 39:1074-80. [PMID: 25867689 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the possibility that titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO2) toxicity in Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata involves reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, using the dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCF) assay. Algae were exposed to nano-TiO2 under laboratory fluorescent lamps supplemented with UV irradiation for 3h, with or without a UV filter. Results showed that nano-TiO2 increased ROS production in UV-exposed cells, with or without a UV filter (LOEC values were 250 and 10mg/L, respectively). Sublethal effects of nano-TiO2 on UV pre-exposed algae were also examined. Toxicity studies indicated that exposure to nano-TiO2 agglomerates decreased algal growth following 3h pre-exposure to UV, with or without a UV filter (EC50s were 8.7 and 6.3mg/L, respectively). The present study suggests that the growth inhibitory effects of nano-TiO2 in algae occurred at concentrations lower than those that can elevate DCF fluorescence, and that ROS generation is not directly involved with the sublethal effects of nano-TiO2 in algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Fu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China; School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan 473061, PR China
| | - Mahsa Hamzeh
- National Research Council of Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Sabine Dodard
- National Research Council of Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Yuan H Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China.
| | - Geoffrey I Sunahara
- National Research Council of Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H4P 2R2, Canada; Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada.
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716
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Dorier M, Brun E, Veronesi G, Barreau F, Pernet-Gallay K, Desvergne C, Rabilloud T, Carapito C, Herlin-Boime N, Carrière M. Impact of anatase and rutile titanium dioxide nanoparticles on uptake carriers and efflux pumps in Caco-2 gut epithelial cells. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:7352-7360. [PMID: 25825056 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr00505a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
TiO2 microparticles are widely used in food products, where they are added as a white food colouring agent. This food additive contains a significant amount of nanoscale particles; still the impact of TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) on gut cells is poorly documented. Our study aimed at evaluating the impact of rutile and anatase TiO2-NPs on the main functions of enterocytes, i.e. nutrient absorption driven by solute-liquid carriers (SLC transporters) and protection against other xenobiotics driven by efflux pumps from the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family. We show that acute exposure of Caco-2 cells to both anatase (12 nm) and rutile (20 nm) TiO2-NPs induce early upregulation of a battery of efflux pumps and nutrient transporters. In addition they cause overproduction of reactive oxygen species and misbalance redox repair systems, without inducing cell mortality or DNA damage. Taken together, these data suggest that TiO2-NPs may increase the functionality of gut epithelial cells, particularly their property to form a protective barrier against exogenous toxicants and to absorb nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dorier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INAC, SCIB, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
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717
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Czajka M, Sawicki K, Sikorska K, Popek S, Kruszewski M, Kapka-Skrzypczak L. Toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in central nervous system. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:1042-52. [PMID: 25900359 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) have found many practical applications in industry and daily life. A widespread application of TiO2 NPs rises the question about safety of their use in the context of potential occupational, environmental and intentional exposure of humans and biota. TiO2 NPs easily enter the body through inhalation, cross blood-brain barrier and accumulate in the brain, especially in the cortex and hippocampus. Toxicity of these NPs and the molecular mechanisms of their action have been studied extensively in recent years. Studies showed that TiO2 NPs exposure resulted in microglia activation, reactive oxygen species production, activation of signaling pathways involved in inflammation and cell death, both in vitro and in vivo. Consequently, such action led to neuroinflammation, further brain injury. A spatial recognition memory and locomotor activity impairment has been also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Czajka
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Sawicki
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Sikorska
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sylwia Popek
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcin Kruszewski
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland; Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Medical Biology and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Information Technology and Management, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Lucyna Kapka-Skrzypczak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland; Department of Medical Biology and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Information Technology and Management, Rzeszów, Poland
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718
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Gjorgievska E, Van Tendeloo G, Nicholson JW, Coleman NJ, Slipper IJ, Booth S. The incorporation of nanoparticles into conventional glass-ionomer dental restorative cements. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2015; 21:392-406. [PMID: 25691120 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927615000057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Conventional glass-ionomer cements (GICs) are popular restorative materials, but their use is limited by their relatively low mechanical strength. This paper reports an attempt to improve these materials by incorporation of 10 wt% of three different types of nanoparticles, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, and titanium dioxide, into two commercial GICs (ChemFil® Rock and EQUIA™ Fil). The results indicate that the nanoparticles readily dispersed into the cement matrix by hand mixing and reduced the porosity of set cements by filling the empty spaces between the glass particles. Both cements showed no significant difference in compressive strength with added alumina, and ChemFil® Rock also showed no significant difference with zirconia. By contrast, ChemFil® Rock showed significantly higher compressive strength with added titania, and EQUIA™ Fil showed significantly higher compressive strength with both zirconia and titania. Fewer air voids were observed in all nanoparticle-containing cements and this, in turn, reduced the development of cracks within the matrix of the cements. These changes in microstructure provide a likely reason for the observed increases in compressive strength, and overall the addition of nanoparticles appears to be a promising strategy for improving the physical properties of GICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeta Gjorgievska
- 1Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine,University Ss. Cyril and Methodius,Vodnjanska 17,1000 Skopje,Republic of Macedonia
| | - Gustaaf Van Tendeloo
- 2Electron Microscopy for Materials Science,University of Antwerp,2020 Antwerp,Belgium
| | - John W Nicholson
- 3School of Sport, Health and Applied Science,St. Mary's University College,Twickenham,TW1 4SX London,UK
| | - Nichola J Coleman
- 4Department of Pharmaceutical, Chemical and Environmental Sciences,School of Science,University of Greenwich,Chatham Maritime,Kent,ME4 4TB,UK
| | - Ian J Slipper
- 4Department of Pharmaceutical, Chemical and Environmental Sciences,School of Science,University of Greenwich,Chatham Maritime,Kent,ME4 4TB,UK
| | - Samantha Booth
- 4Department of Pharmaceutical, Chemical and Environmental Sciences,School of Science,University of Greenwich,Chatham Maritime,Kent,ME4 4TB,UK
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719
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Hu H, Guo Q, Wang C, Ma X, He H, Oh Y, Feng Y, Wu Q, Gu N. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles increase plasma glucose via reactive oxygen species-induced insulin resistance in mice. J Appl Toxicol 2015; 35:1122-32. [PMID: 25826740 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There have been few reports about the possible toxic effects of titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) nanoparticles on the endocrine system. We explored the endocrine effects of oral administration to mice of anatase TiO2 nanoparticles (0, 64 and 320 mg kg(-1) body weight per day to control, low-dose and high-dose groups, respectively, 7 days per week for 14 weeks). TiO2 nanoparticles were characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS), and their physiological distribution was investigated by inductively coupled plasma. Biochemical analyzes included plasma glucose, insulin, heart blood triglycerides (TG), free fatty acid (FFA), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related markers (total SOD, GSH and MDA). Phosphorylation of IRS1, Akt, JNK1, and p38 MAPK were analyzed by western blotting. Increased titanium levels were found in the liver, spleen, small intestine, kidney and pancreas. Biochemical analyzes showed that plasma glucose significantly increased whereas there was no difference in plasma insulin secretion. Increased ROS levels were found in serum and the liver, as evidenced by reduced total SOD activity and GSH level and increased MDA content. Western blotting showed that oral administration of TiO2 nanoparticles induced insulin resistance (IR) in mouse liver, shown by increased phosphorylation of IRS1 (Ser307) and reduced phosphorylation of Akt (Ser473). The pathway by which TiO2 nanoparticles increase ROS-induced IR were included in the inflammatory response and phosphokinase, as shown by increased serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 and increased phosphorylation of JNK1 and p38 MAPK in liver. These results show that oral administration of TiO2 nanoparticles increases ROS, resulting in IR and increasing plasma glucose in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Qian Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Changlin Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Research Center for Advanced Tea Processing, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Hongjuan He
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yuri Oh
- Faculty of Education, Wakayama University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yujie Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Ning Gu
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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720
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Noël A, Truchon G. Inhaled Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles: A Review of Their Pulmonary Responses with Particular Focus on the Agglomeration State. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1142/s1793984414500081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology represents major scientific and economic issues for the future. TiO 2 is used as a reference nanoparticle (NP) for research and workplace exposure assessments due to its important industrial production. However, to date little consistent information exists about its human health effects. Approximately 50% of all TiO 2in vivo studies targeting the respiratory tract have been by inhalation and these exposures are often in the form of agglomerates rather than as individual NPs. Therefore, the size of the NP agglomerates represents the effective size interacting with the biological material and could thereby influence the NP mechanisms of action. Thus, interpretation of nanotoxicological data without considering the agglomeration state could partly explain the heterogeneous results found in the scientific literature for TiO 2 NPs. The objective of this review is to examine the literature concerning the importance of TiO 2 aerosol characterization in the assessment of pulmonary toxicity in rodents. In this way, this review reveals that the pulmonary responses following inhalation of TiO 2 NPs might not depend solely on the primary NP size, but also on the crystal phase, the NP agglomerate size, its structure and the mass concentration. It also shows that TiO 2 NPs may exert their toxicity mechanisms specifically because of the size of their agglomerates in aerosols, thus supporting the concept that aerosols composed essentially of small (< 100 nm) or large (> 100 nm) NP agglomerates do not seem to follow the same pulmonary toxicity mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Noël
- Département de santé environnementale et de santé au travail, Institut de recherche en santé publique, Université de Montréal, C. P. 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal (Québec) H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Ginette Truchon
- Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail (IRSST), 505 Boul. De Maisonneuve Ouest, Montréal (Québec) H3A 3C2, Canada
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721
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Mofokeng JP, Luyt AS. Morphology and thermal degradation studies of melt-mixed PLA/PHBV biodegradable polymer blend nanocomposites with TiO2as filler. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia P. Mofokeng
- Department of Chemistry; University of the Free State (Qwaqwa campus); Phuthaditjhaba 9866 South Africa
| | - Adriaan S. Luyt
- Department of Chemistry; University of the Free State (Qwaqwa campus); Phuthaditjhaba 9866 South Africa
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722
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Coccini T, Grandi S, Lonati D, Locatelli C, De Simone U. Comparative cellular toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on human astrocyte and neuronal cells after acute and prolonged exposure. Neurotoxicology 2015; 48:77-89. [PMID: 25783503 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Although in the last few decades, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂NPs) have attracted extensive interest due to their use in wide range of applications, their influences on human health are still quite uncertain and less known. Evidence exists indicating TiO₂NPs ability to enter the brain, thus representing a realistic risk factor for both chronic and accidental exposure with the consequent needs for more detailed investigation on CNS. A rapid and effective in vitro test strategy has been applied to determine the effects of TiO₂NPs anatase isoform, on human glial (D384) and neuronal (SH-SY5Y) cell lines. Toxicity was assessed at different levels: mitochondrial function (by MTT), membrane integrity and cell morphology (by calcein AM/PI staining) after acute exposure (4-24-48 h) at doses from 1.5 to 250 μg/ml as well as growth and cell proliferation (by clonogenic test) after prolonged exposure (7-10 days) at sub-toxic concentrations (from 0.05 to 31 μg/ml). The cytotoxic effects of TiO₂NPs were compared with those caused by TiO₂ bulk counterpart treatment. Acute TiO₂NP exposure produced (i) dose- and time-dependent alterations of the mitochondrial function on D384 and SH-SY5Y cells starting at 31 and 15 μg/ml doses, respectively, after 24h exposure. SH-SY5Y were slightly more sensitive than D384 cells; and (ii) cell membrane damage occurring at 125 μg/ml after 24h exposure in both cerebral cells. Comparatively, the effects of TiO₂ bulk were less pronounced than those induced by nanoparticles in both cerebral cell lines. Prolonged exposure indicated that the proliferative capacity (colony size) was compromised at the extremely low TiO₂NP doses namely 1.5 μg/ml and 0.1 μg/ml for D384 and SH-SY5Y, respectively; cell sensitivity was still higher for SH-SY5Y compared to D384. Colony number decrease (15%) was also evidenced at ≥0.2 μg/ml TiO₂NP dose. Whereas, TiO₂ bulk treatment affected cell morphology only. TiO₂ internalization in SH-SY5Y and D384 cells was appreciated using light microscopy. These findings indicated, that (i) human cerebral SH-SY5Y and D384 cell lines exposed to TiO₂NPs were affected not only after acute but even after prolonged exposure at particularly low doses (≥ 0.1 μg/ml), (ii) these in vitro critical doses were comparable to literature brain Ti levels detected in lab animal intranasally administered with TiO₂NP and associated to neurotoxic effects. In summary, the applied cell-based screening platform seems to provide effective means to initial evaluation of TiO₂NP toxicity on CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Coccini
- Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Toxicology and Poison Control Center, Toxicology Unit, IRCCS Salvatore Maugeri Foundation and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | | | - Davide Lonati
- Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Toxicology and Poison Control Center, Toxicology Unit, IRCCS Salvatore Maugeri Foundation and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlo Locatelli
- Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Toxicology and Poison Control Center, Toxicology Unit, IRCCS Salvatore Maugeri Foundation and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Uliana De Simone
- Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Toxicology and Poison Control Center, Toxicology Unit, IRCCS Salvatore Maugeri Foundation and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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723
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Hong F, Sheng L, Ze Y, Hong J, Zhou Y, Wang L, Liu D, Yu X, Xu B, Zhao X, Ze X. Suppression of neurite outgrowth of primary cultured hippocampal neurons is involved in impairment of glutamate metabolism and NMDA receptor function caused by nanoparticulate TiO2. Biomaterials 2015; 53:76-85. [PMID: 25890708 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have indicated that nano-titanium dioxide (TiO2) can induce neurotoxicity in vitro and in vivo, however, it is unclear whether nano-TiO2 affects neurite outgrowth of hippocampal neurons. In order to investigate the mechanism of neurotoxicity, rat primary cultured hippocampal neurons on the fourth day of culture were exposed to 5, 15, and 30 μg/mL nano-TiO2 for 24 h, and nano-TiO2 internalization, dendritic growth, glutamate metabolism, expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits (NR1, NR2A and NR2B), calcium homeostasis, sodium current (INa) and potassium current (IK) were examined. Our findings demonstrated that nano-TiO2 crossed the membrane into the cytoplasm or nucleus, and significantly suppressed dendritic growth of primary cultured hippocampal neurons in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, nano-TiO2 induced a marked release of glutamate to the extracellular region, decreased glutamine synthetase activity and increased phosphate-activated glutaminase activity, elevated intracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)]i), down-regulated protein expression of NR1, NR2A and NR2B, and increased the amplitudes of the INa and IK. In addition, nano-TiO2 increased nitric oxide and nitrice synthase, attenuated the activities of Ca(2+)-ATPase and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, and increased the ADP/ATP ratio in the primary neurons. Taken together, these findings indicate that nano-TiO2 inhibits neurite outgrowth of hippocampal neurons by interfering with glutamate metabolism and impairing NMDA receptor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fashui Hong
- School of Life Science, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China.
| | - Lei Sheng
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yuguan Ze
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jie Hong
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yingjun Zhou
- School of Life Science, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Library of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaohong Yu
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Bingqing Xu
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhao
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiao Ze
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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724
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Histological study of the renal cortical proximal and distal tubules in adult male albino rats following prolonged administration of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and the possible protective role of l-carnosine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1097/01.ehx.0000461301.78387.2f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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725
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Halappanavar S, Saber AT, Decan N, Jensen KA, Wu D, Jacobsen NR, Guo C, Rogowski J, Koponen IK, Levin M, Madsen AM, Atluri R, Snitka V, Birkedal RK, Rickerby D, Williams A, Wallin H, Yauk CL, Vogel U. Transcriptional profiling identifies physicochemical properties of nanomaterials that are determinants of the in vivo pulmonary response. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2015; 56:245-64. [PMID: 25504612 DOI: 10.1002/em.21936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We applied transcriptional profiling to elucidate the mechanisms associated with pulmonary responses to titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) nanoparticles (NPs) of different sizes and surface coatings, and to determine if these responses are modified by NP size, surface area, surface modification, and embedding in paint matrices. Adult C57BL/6 mice were exposed via single intratracheal instillations to free forms of TiO2 NPs (10, 20.6, or 38 nm in diameter) with different surface coatings, or TiO2 NPs embedded in paint matrices. Controls were exposed to dispersion medium devoid of NPs. TiO2 NPs were characterized for size, surface area, chemical impurities, and agglomeration state in the exposure medium. Pulmonary transcriptional profiles were generated using microarrays from tissues collected one and 28 d postexposure. Property-specific pathway effects were identified. Pulmonary protein levels of specific inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were confirmed by ELISA. The data were collapsed to 659 differentially expressed genes (P ≤ 0.05; fold change ≥ 1.5). Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of these genes revealed that TiO2 NPs clustered mainly by postexposure timepoint followed by particle type. A pathway-based meta-analysis showed that the combination of smaller size, large deposited surface area, and surface amidation contributes to TiO2 NP gene expression response. Embedding of TiO2 NP in paint dampens the overall transcriptional effects. The magnitude of the expression changes associated with pulmonary inflammation differed across all particles; however, the underlying pathway perturbations leading to inflammation were similar, suggesting a generalized mechanism-of-action for all TiO2 NPs. Thus, transcriptional profiling is an effective tool to determine the property-specific biological/toxicity responses induced by nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Halappanavar
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
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726
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Srpčič AM, Drobne D, Novak S. Altered physiological conditions of the terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber as a measure of subchronic TiO2 effects. PROTOPLASMA 2015; 252:415-422. [PMID: 25187081 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-014-0682-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO2) show low toxic potential against a variety of environmental organisms when measured by conventional toxicity endpoints. However, the question is whether the conventional measures of toxicity can define the adverse effects of nanoparticles. The aim of this study was to asses the potential toxic and cytotoxic effects of the ingested nano-TiO2 (anatase, <25 nm) on a terrestrial isopod, Porcellio scaber. In addition to conventional toxicity parameters, the physiological condition of the animals was assessed. Following 28-day feeding exposure to nano-TiO2 at concentrations up to 5,000 μg nano-TiO2/g leaf dry weight, no toxic or cytotoxic effects were demonstrated. However, the physiological condition of the animals was affected in a dose-dependent manner. The physiological state of organisms is an important parameter to assess the potential population implications due to the exposure to nanomaterials. Therefore, we suggest that only if both, the physiological state of the animals exposed to nano-TiO2 and the conventional toxicity markers show no effects, the exposure dose can be interpreted as non-hazardous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Menard Srpčič
- Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia,
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727
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Golbamaki N, Rasulev B, Cassano A, Marchese Robinson RL, Benfenati E, Leszczynski J, Cronin MTD. Genotoxicity of metal oxide nanomaterials: review of recent data and discussion of possible mechanisms. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:2154-98. [PMID: 25580680 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr06670g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has rapidly entered into human society, revolutionized many areas, including technology, medicine and cosmetics. This progress is due to the many valuable and unique properties that nanomaterials possess. In turn, these properties might become an issue of concern when considering potentially uncontrolled release to the environment. The rapid development of new nanomaterials thus raises questions about their impact on the environment and human health. This review focuses on the potential of nanomaterials to cause genotoxicity and summarizes recent genotoxicity studies on metal oxide/silica nanomaterials. Though the number of genotoxicity studies on metal oxide/silica nanomaterials is still limited, this endpoint has recently received more attention for nanomaterials, and the number of related publications has increased. An analysis of these peer reviewed publications over nearly two decades shows that the test most employed to evaluate the genotoxicity of these nanomaterials is the comet assay, followed by micronucleus, Ames and chromosome aberration tests. Based on the data studied, we concluded that in the majority of the publications analysed in this review, the metal oxide (or silica) nanoparticles of the same core chemical composition did not show different genotoxicity study calls (i.e. positive or negative) in the same test, although some results are inconsistent and need to be confirmed by additional experiments. Where the results are conflicting, it may be due to the following reasons: (1) variation in size of the nanoparticles; (2) variations in size distribution; (3) various purities of nanomaterials; (4) variation in surface areas for nanomaterials with the same average size; (5) differences in coatings; (6) differences in crystal structures of the same types of nanomaterials; (7) differences in size of aggregates in solution/media; (8) differences in assays; (9) different concentrations of nanomaterials in assay tests. Indeed, due to the observed inconsistencies in the recent literature and the lack of adherence to appropriate, standardized test methods, reliable genotoxicity assessment of nanomaterials is still challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Golbamaki
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology at the Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy.
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728
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Haberl N, Hirn S, Holzer M, Zuchtriegel G, Rehberg M, Krombach F. Effects of acute systemic administration of TiO2, ZnO, SiO2, and Ag nanoparticles on hemodynamics, hemostasis and leukocyte recruitment. Nanotoxicology 2015; 9:963-71. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2014.992815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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729
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Abdelhamid HN, Wu HF. Proteomics analysis of the mode of antibacterial action of nanoparticles and their interactions with proteins. Trends Analyt Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2014.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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730
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Zhang G, Shinohara N, Kano H, Senoh H, Suzuki M, Sasaki T, Fukushima S, Gamo M. Quantitative evaluation of the pulmonary microdistribution of TiO2nanoparticles using X-ray fluorescence microscopy after intratracheal administration with a microsprayer in rats. J Appl Toxicol 2015; 35:623-30. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Zhang
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
| | - Naohide Shinohara
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kano
- Japan Bioassay Research Center; Hadano Kanagawa Japan
| | - Hideki Senoh
- Japan Bioassay Research Center; Hadano Kanagawa Japan
| | | | - Takeshi Sasaki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
| | | | - Masashi Gamo
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
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731
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The biomechanisms of metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles' interactions with cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:1112-34. [PMID: 25648173 PMCID: PMC4344658 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120201112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Humans are increasingly exposed to nanoparticles (NPs) in medicine and in industrial settings, where significant concentrations of NPs are common. However, NP interactions with and effects on biomolecules and organisms have only recently been addressed. Within we review the literature regarding proposed modes of action for metal and metal-oxide NPs, two of the most prevalent types manufactured. Iron-oxide NPs, for instance, are used as tracers for magnetic resonance imaging of oncological tumors and as vehicles for therapeutic drug delivery. Factors and theories that determine the physicochemical and biokinetic behaviors of NPs are discussed, along with the observed toxicological effects of NPs on cells. Key thermodynamic and kinetic models that explain the sources of energy transfer from NPs to biological targets are summarized, in addition to quantitative structural activity relationship (QSAR) modeling efforts. Future challenges for nanotoxicological research are discussed. We conclude that NP studies based on cell culture are often inconsistent and underestimate the toxicity of NPs. Thus, the effect of NPs needs to be examined in whole animal systems.
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732
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Bartneck M, Warzecha KT, Tacke F. Therapeutic targeting of liver inflammation and fibrosis by nanomedicine. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2015; 3:364-76. [PMID: 25568860 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2304-3881.2014.11.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicine constitutes the emerging field of medical applications for nanotechnology such as nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems. This technology may hold exceptional potential for novel therapeutic approaches to liver diseases. The specific and unspecific targeting of macrophages, hepatic stellate cells (HSC), hepatocytes, and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) using nanomedicine has been developed and tested in preclinical settings. These four major cell types in the liver are crucially involved in the complex sequence of events that occurs during the initiation and maintenance of liver inflammation and fibrosis. Targeting different cell types can be based on their capacity to ingest surrounding material, endocytosis, and specificity for a single cell type can be achieved by targeting characteristic structures such as receptors, sugar moieties or peptide sequences. Macrophages and especially the liver-resident Kupffer cells are in the focus of nanomedicine due to their highly efficient and unspecific uptake of most nanomaterials as well as due to their critical pathogenic functions during inflammation and fibrogenesis. The mannose receptor enables targeting macrophages in liver disease, but macrophages can also become activated by certain nanomaterials, such as peptide-modified gold nanorods (AuNRs) that render them proinflammatory. HSC, the main collagen-producing cells during fibrosis, are currently targeted using nanoconstructs that recognize the mannose 6-phosphate and insulin-like growth factor II, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor 1, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor β, or integrins. Targeting of the major liver parenchymal cell, the hepatocyte, has only recently been achieved with high specificity by mimicking apolipoproteins, naturally occurring nanoparticles of the body. LSEC were found to be targeted most efficiently using carboxy-modified micelles and their integrin receptors. This review will summarize important functions of these cell types in healthy and diseased livers and discuss current strategies of cell-specific targeting for liver diseases by nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Bartneck
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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733
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Bianchi MG, Allegri M, Costa AL, Blosi M, Gardini D, Del Pivo C, Prina-Mello A, Di Cristo L, Bussolati O, Bergamaschi E. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles enhance macrophage activation by LPS through a TLR4-dependent intracellular pathway. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tx00193a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
TiO2nanoparticles enhance LPS-dependent NO production and cytokine secretion through a mechanism that involves TLR4-mediated p38-signalling and requires phagocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano G. Bianchi
- Unit of Occupational Medicine
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
- University of Parma
- 43026 Parma
- Italy
| | - Manfredi Allegri
- Unit of General Pathology
- Department of Biomedical
- Biotechnological and Translational Sciences
- University of Parma
- 43025 Parma
| | - Anna L. Costa
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (CNR-ISTEC)
- National Research Council of Italy
- 48018 Faenza (RA)
- Italy
| | - Magda Blosi
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (CNR-ISTEC)
- National Research Council of Italy
- 48018 Faenza (RA)
- Italy
| | - Davide Gardini
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (CNR-ISTEC)
- National Research Council of Italy
- 48018 Faenza (RA)
- Italy
| | - Camilla Del Pivo
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (CNR-ISTEC)
- National Research Council of Italy
- 48018 Faenza (RA)
- Italy
| | - Adriele Prina-Mello
- Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) and School of Medicine
- Trinity College Dublin
- Dublin
- Ireland
| | - Luisana Di Cristo
- Unit of Occupational Medicine
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
- University of Parma
- 43026 Parma
- Italy
| | - Ovidio Bussolati
- Unit of General Pathology
- Department of Biomedical
- Biotechnological and Translational Sciences
- University of Parma
- 43025 Parma
| | - Enrico Bergamaschi
- Unit of Occupational Medicine
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
- University of Parma
- 43026 Parma
- Italy
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734
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Smulders S, Luyts K, Brabants G, Golanski L, Martens J, Vanoirbeek J, Hoet PH. Toxicity of nanoparticles embedded in paints compared to pristine nanoparticles, in vitro study. Toxicol Lett 2015; 232:333-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 11/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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735
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Jovanović B. Critical review of public health regulations of titanium dioxide, a human food additive. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2015; 11:10-20. [PMID: 25091211 PMCID: PMC4309481 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.1571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
From 1916 to 2011, an estimated total of 165050000 metric tons of titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) pigment were produced worldwide. Current safety regulations on the usage of the TiO2 pigment as an inactive ingredient additive in human food are based on legislation from 1969 and are arguably outdated. This article compiles new research results to provide fresh data for potential risk reassessment. However, even after 45 years, few scientific research reports have provided truly reliable data. For example, administration of very high doses of TiO2 is not relevant to daily human uptake. Nevertheless, because dose makes the poison, the literature provides a valuable source for understanding potential TiO2 toxicity after oral ingestion. Numerous scientific articles have observed that TiO2 can pass and be absorbed by the mammalian gastrointestinal tract; can bioconcentrate, bioaccumulate, and biomagnify in the tissues of mammals and other vertebrates; has a very limited elimination rate; and can cause histopathological and physiological changes in various organs of animals. Such action is contrary to the 1969 decision to approve the use of TiO2 as an inactive ingredient in human food without an established acceptable daily intake, stating that neither significant absorption nor tissue storage following ingestion of TiO2 was possible. Thus, relevant governmental agencies should reassess the safety of TiO2 as an additive in human food and consider establishing an acceptable maximum daily intake as a precautionary measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Jovanović
- Chair for Fish Diseases and Fisheries Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of MunichMunich, Germany
- Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig Maximilian University of MunichMunich, Germany
- Visiting Scientist, Department of Biology, Middle East Technical UniversityAnkara, Turkey
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736
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Genotoxic testing of titanium dioxide anatase nanoparticles using the wing-spot test and the comet assay in Drosophila. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2015; 778:12-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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737
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Su M, Sheng L, Zhao X, Wang L, Yu X, Hong J, Xu B, Liu D, Jiang H, Ze X, Zhu Y, Long Y, Zhou J, Cui J, Li K, Ze Y, Hong F. Involvement of neurotrophins and related signaling genes in TiO2 nanoparticle – induced inflammation in the hippocampus of mice. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tx00106k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) have been widely used in industry and daily life; their potential neurotoxic effects are of great concern.
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738
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Béatrice S, Wei L, Alain T, Aurélien A, Jean-François H, Mathieu C, Christine E, Corinne C, Wafa A. Design of a live biochip for in situ nanotoxicology studies: a proof of concept. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16960g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper highlights the way in which eukaryotic cell and bacteria based biochips are relevant for nanotoxicological risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liu Wei
- CEA
- DSV
- IBEB
- SBVME
- Lab Ecol Microb Rhizosphere & Environ Extrem (LEMiRE)
| | - Thiéry Alain
- Aix Marseille Université
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE)UMR-CNRS 7263
- Avignon Université
- 13003 Marseille
- France
| | | | - Hochepied Jean-François
- Centre des matériaux: Mines ParisTech
- PSL Research University
- 91003 Evry cedex
- France
- ENSTA UCP SCPI
| | | | | | - Chaneac Corinne
- UPMC Univ Paris 06
- CNRS
- UMR 7574
- Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris
- Collège de France
| | - Achouak Wafa
- CEA
- DSV
- IBEB
- SBVME
- Lab Ecol Microb Rhizosphere & Environ Extrem (LEMiRE)
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739
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Ng CT, Yung LYL, Swa HLF, Poh RWY, Gunaratne J, Bay BH. Altered protein expression profile associated with phenotypic changes in lung fibroblasts co-cultured with gold nanoparticle-treated small airway epithelial cells. Biomaterials 2015; 39:31-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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740
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Lee J, Lee YH, Choi JS, Park KS, Chang KS, Yoon M. Hydrothermal synthesis of defective TiO2nanoparticles for long-wavelength visible light-photocatalytic killing of cancer cells. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19045b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Newly fabricatedd-TiO2NPs were demonstrated to be efficient in long wavelength visible light-triggered killing of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jooran Lee
- Molecular/Nano Photochemistry and Photonics Lab
- Department of Chemistry
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon 305-764
- South Korea
| | - Young Hwa Lee
- Department of Biochemistry
- College of Natural Sciences
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon 305-764
- South Korea
| | - Joon Sig Choi
- Department of Biochemistry
- College of Natural Sciences
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon 305-764
- South Korea
| | - Kwan Seob Park
- Division of Scientific Instrumentation
- Korea Basic Science Institute
- Daejeon 305-806
- South Korea
| | - Ki Soo Chang
- Division of Scientific Instrumentation
- Korea Basic Science Institute
- Daejeon 305-806
- South Korea
| | - Minjoong Yoon
- Molecular/Nano Photochemistry and Photonics Lab
- Department of Chemistry
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon 305-764
- South Korea
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741
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Dhand C, Dwivedi N, Loh XJ, Jie Ying AN, Verma NK, Beuerman RW, Lakshminarayanan R, Ramakrishna S. Methods and strategies for the synthesis of diverse nanoparticles and their applications: a comprehensive overview. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19388e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 398] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Various methods to synthesize diverse nanoparticles with their different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetna Dhand
- Anti-Infectives Research Group
- Singapore Eye Research Institute
- Singapore 169856
| | - Neeraj Dwivedi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117582
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research)
- Singapore 117602
| | - Alice Ng Jie Ying
- Anti-Infectives Research Group
- Singapore Eye Research Institute
- Singapore 169856
| | - Navin Kumar Verma
- Anti-Infectives Research Group
- Singapore Eye Research Institute
- Singapore 169856
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine
- Nanyang Technological University
| | - Roger W. Beuerman
- Anti-Infectives Research Group
- Singapore Eye Research Institute
- Singapore 169856
- Duke-NUS SRP Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders
- Singapore 169857
| | - Rajamani Lakshminarayanan
- Anti-Infectives Research Group
- Singapore Eye Research Institute
- Singapore 169856
- Duke-NUS SRP Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders
- Singapore 169857
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576
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742
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743
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744
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Voon SH, Kiew LV, Lee HB, Lim SH, Noordin MI, Kamkaew A, Burgess K, Chung LY. In vivo studies of nanostructure-based photosensitizers for photodynamic cancer therapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:4993-5013. [PMID: 25164105 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201401416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Animal models, particularly rodents, are major translational models for evaluating novel anticancer therapeutics. In this review, different types of nanostructure-based photosensitizers that have advanced into the in vivo evaluation stage for the photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer are described. This article focuses on the in vivo efficacies of the nanostructures as delivery agents and as energy transducers for photosensitizers in animal models. These materials are useful in overcoming solubility issues, lack of tumor specificity, and access to tumors deep in healthy tissue. At the end of this article, the opportunities made possible by these multiplexed nanostructure-based systems are summarized, as well as the considerable challenges associated with obtaining regulatory approval for such materials. The following questions are also addressed: (1) Is there a pressing demand for more nanoparticle materials? (2) What is the prognosis for regulatory approval of nanoparticles to be used in the clinic?
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Affiliation(s)
- Siew Hui Voon
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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745
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Wang Y, Yuan L, Yao C, Ding L, Li C, Fang J, Sui K, Liu Y, Wu M. A combined toxicity study of zinc oxide nanoparticles and vitamin C in food additives. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:15333-42. [PMID: 25387158 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr05480f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
At present, safety evaluation standards for nanofood additives are made based on the toxic effects of a single additive. Since the size, surface properties and chemical nature influence the toxicity of nanomaterials, the toxicity may have dramatically changed when nanomaterials are used as food additives in a complex system. Herein, we investigated the combined toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and vitamin C (Vc, ascorbic acid). The results showed that Vc increased the cytotoxicity significantly compared with that of the ZnO only NPs. When the cells were exposed to ZnO NPs at a concentration less than 15 mg L(-1), or to Vc at a concentration less than 300 mg L(-1), there was no significant cytotoxicity, both in the case of gastric epithelial cell line (GES-1) and neural stem cells (NSCs). However, when 15 mg L(-1) of ZnO NPs and 300 mg L(-1) of Vc were introduced to cells together, the cell viability decreased sharply indicating significant cytotoxicity. Moreover, the significant increase in toxicity was also shown in the in vivo experiments. The dose of the ZnO NPs and Vc used in the in vivo study was calculated according to the state of food and nutrition enhancer standard. After repeated oral exposure to ZnO NPs plus Vc, the injury of the liver and kidneys in mice has been indicated by the change of these indices. These findings demonstrate that the synergistic toxicity presented in a complex system is essential for the toxicological evaluation and safety assessment of nanofood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Wang
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P.R. China.
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746
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Savi M, Rossi S, Bocchi L, Gennaccaro L, Cacciani F, Perotti A, Amidani D, Alinovi R, Goldoni M, Aliatis I, Lottici PP, Bersani D, Campanini M, Pinelli S, Petyx M, Frati C, Gervasi A, Urbanek K, Quaini F, Buschini A, Stilli D, Rivetti C, Macchi E, Mutti A, Miragoli M, Zaniboni M. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles promote arrhythmias via a direct interaction with rat cardiac tissue. Part Fibre Toxicol 2014; 11:63. [PMID: 25487314 PMCID: PMC4349471 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-014-0063-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In light of recent developments in nanotechnologies, interest is growing to better comprehend the interaction of nanoparticles with body tissues, in particular within the cardiovascular system. Attention has recently focused on the link between environmental pollution and cardiovascular diseases. Nanoparticles <50 nm in size are known to pass the alveolar-pulmonary barrier, enter into bloodstream and induce inflammation, but the direct pathogenic mechanisms still need to be evaluated. We thus focused our attention on titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles, the most diffuse nanomaterial in polluted environments and one generally considered inert for the human body. METHODS We conducted functional studies on isolated adult rat cardiomyocytes exposed acutely in vitro to TiO₂ and on healthy rats administered a single dose of 2 mg/Kg TiO₂ NPs via the trachea. Transmission electron microscopy was used to verify the actual presence of TiO₂ nanoparticles within cardiac tissue, toxicological assays were used to assess lipid peroxidation and DNA tissue damage, and an in silico method was used to model the effect on action potential. RESULTS Ventricular myocytes exposed in vitro to TiO₂ had significantly reduced action potential duration, impairment of sarcomere shortening and decreased stability of resting membrane potential. In vivo, a single intra-tracheal administration of saline solution containing TiO₂ nanoparticles increased cardiac conduction velocity and tissue excitability, resulting in an enhanced propensity for inducible arrhythmias. Computational modeling of ventricular action potential indicated that a membrane leakage could account for the nanoparticle-induced effects measured on real cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS Acute exposure to TiO₂ nanoparticles acutely alters cardiac excitability and increases the likelihood of arrhythmic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Savi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. .,CERT, Center of Excellence for Toxicological Research, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Via Gramsci 14, Parma, 43126, Italy.
| | - Stefano Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. .,CERT, Center of Excellence for Toxicological Research, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Via Gramsci 14, Parma, 43126, Italy.
| | - Leonardo Bocchi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | | | | | - Alessio Perotti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Davide Amidani
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Rossella Alinovi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. .,CERT, Center of Excellence for Toxicological Research, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Via Gramsci 14, Parma, 43126, Italy.
| | - Matteo Goldoni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. .,CERT, Center of Excellence for Toxicological Research, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Via Gramsci 14, Parma, 43126, Italy.
| | - Irene Aliatis
- Department of Physics and Earth Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Pier Paolo Lottici
- Department of Physics and Earth Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Danilo Bersani
- Department of Physics and Earth Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | | | - Silvana Pinelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. .,CERT, Center of Excellence for Toxicological Research, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Via Gramsci 14, Parma, 43126, Italy.
| | - Marta Petyx
- Italian Worker Compensation Authority INAIL, ex-ISPESL Monteporzio Catone, Roma, Italy.
| | - Caterina Frati
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Andrea Gervasi
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences (S.Bi.Bi.T), University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Konrad Urbanek
- Department of Pharmacology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
| | - Federico Quaini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | | | | | - Claudio Rivetti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Emilio Macchi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. .,CERT, Center of Excellence for Toxicological Research, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Via Gramsci 14, Parma, 43126, Italy.
| | - Antonio Mutti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. .,CERT, Center of Excellence for Toxicological Research, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Via Gramsci 14, Parma, 43126, Italy.
| | - Michele Miragoli
- CERT, Center of Excellence for Toxicological Research, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Via Gramsci 14, Parma, 43126, Italy. .,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan, 20090, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Zaniboni
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. .,CERT, Center of Excellence for Toxicological Research, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Via Gramsci 14, Parma, 43126, Italy.
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747
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Wang J, Fan Y. Lung injury induced by TiO2 nanoparticles depends on their structural features: size, shape, crystal phases, and surface coating. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:22258-78. [PMID: 25479073 PMCID: PMC4284706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151222258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of nanotechnology, a variety of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) are being produced. Nanotoxicology has become a hot topic in many fields, as researchers attempt to elucidate the potential adverse health effects of NPs. The biological activity of NPs strongly depends on physicochemical parameters but these are not routinely considered in toxicity screening, such as dose metrics. In this work, nanoscale titanium dioxide (TiO2), one of the most commonly produced and widely used NPs, is put forth as a representative. The correlation between the lung toxicity and pulmonary cell impairment related to TiO2 NPs and its unusual structural features, including size, shape, crystal phases, and surface coating, is reviewed in detail. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in pulmonary inflammation in response to the properties of TiO2 NPs is also briefly described. To fully understand the potential biological effects of NPs in toxicity screening, we highly recommend that the size, crystal phase, dispersion and agglomeration status, surface coating, and chemical composition should be most appropriately characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangxue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
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748
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El-Said KS, Ali EM, Kanehira K, Taniguchi A. Molecular mechanism of DNA damage induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles in toll-like receptor 3 or 4 expressing human hepatocarcinoma cell lines. J Nanobiotechnology 2014; 12:48. [PMID: 25441061 PMCID: PMC4260178 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-014-0048-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are widely used in the biological sciences. The increasing use of TiO2 NPs increases the risk of humans and the environment being exposed to NPs. We previously showed that toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in the interactions between NPs and cells. Our previous results indicated that TLR4 increased the DNA damage response induced by TiO2 NPs, due to enhanced NP uptake into the cytoplasm, whereas TLR3 expression decreased the DNA damage response induced by TiO2 NPs because of NP retention in the endosome. In this study, we explored the molecular mechanism of the DNA damage response induced by TiO2 NPs using TLR3 or TLR4 transfected cells. We examined the effect of TLR3 or TLR4 over-expression on oxidative stress and the effect of DNA damage induced by TiO2 NPs on gene expression levels. Results Our results showed evidence for elevated oxidative stress, including the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), with increased hydrogen peroxide levels, decreased glutathione peroxidase, and reduced glutathione and activated caspase-3 levels in cells exposed for 48 h to 10 μg/ml TiO2 NPs. These effects were enhanced by TLR4 and reduced by TLR3 over-expression. Seventeen genes related to DNA double-strand breaks and apoptosis were induced, particularly IP6K3 and ATM. Conclusion Our results indicated that TiO2 NPs induced ROS, and the above molecules are implicated in the genotoxicity induced by TiO2 NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Samy El-Said
- Cell-Material Interaction Group, Biomaterial Unit, Nano-Bio Field, Interaction Center for Material Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan. .,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Ehab Mostafa Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Koki Kanehira
- Biotechnology Group, TOTO Ltd. Research Institute, Honson 2-8-1, Chigasaki, Kanagawa, 253-8577, Japan.
| | - Akiyoshi Taniguchi
- Cell-Material Interaction Group, Biomaterial Unit, Nano-Bio Field, Interaction Center for Material Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan. .,Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Japan. .,National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan.
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749
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Huang KT, Wu CT, Huang KH, Lin WC, Chen CM, Guan SS, Chiang CK, Liu SH. Titanium nanoparticle inhalation induces renal fibrosis in mice via an oxidative stress upregulated transforming growth factor-β pathway. Chem Res Toxicol 2014; 28:354-64. [PMID: 25406100 DOI: 10.1021/tx500287f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (Nano-TiO2) are gradually being used extensively in clinical settings, industry, and daily life. Accumulation studies showed that Nano-TiO2 exposure is able to cause injuries in various animal organs, including the lung, liver, spleen, and kidney. However, it remains unclear whether exposure of Nano-TiO2 by inhalation causes renal fibrosis. Here, we investigated the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS) related signaling molecules in chronic renal damage after Nano-TiO2 inhalation in mice. Mice were treated with Nano-TiO2 (0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/week) or microparticle-TiO2 (0.5 mg/week) by nonsurgical intratracheal instillation for 4 weeks. The results showed that Nano-TiO2 inhalation increased renal pathological changes in a dose-dependent manner. No renal pathological changes were observed in microparticle-TiO2-instilled mice. Nano-TiO2 (0.5 mg/week) possessed the ability to precipitate in the kidneys, determined by transmission electron microscopy and increased serum levels of blood urea nitrogen. The expressions of markers of ROS/RNS and renal fibrosis markers, including nitrotyrosine, inducible nitric oxide synthase, hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), heme oxygenase 1, transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ), and collagen I, determined by immunohistochemical staining were increased in the kidneys. Furthermore, Nano-TiO2-induced renal injury could be mitigated by iNOS inhibitor aminoguanidine and ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine treatment in transcription level. The in vitro experiments showed that Nano-TiO2 significantly and dose-dependently increased the ROS production and the expressions of HIF-1α and TGFβ in human renal proximal tubular cells, which could be reversed by N-acetylcysteine treatment. Taken together, these results suggest Nano-TiO2 inhalation might induce renal fibrosis through a ROS/RNS-related HIF-1α-upregulated TGF-β signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Tong Huang
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan
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750
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Mallevre F, Fernandes TF, Aspray TJ. Silver, zinc oxide and titanium dioxide nanoparticle ecotoxicity to bioluminescent Pseudomonas putida in laboratory medium and artificial wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2014; 195:218-225. [PMID: 25261625 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria based ecotoxicology assessment of manufactured nanoparticles is largely restricted to Escherichia coli bioreporters in laboratory media. Here, toxicity effects of model OECD nanoparticles (Ag NM-300K, ZnO NM-110 and TiO2 NM-104) were assessed using the switch-off luminescent Pseudomonas putida BS566::luxCDABE bioreporter in Luria Bertani (LB) medium and artificial wastewater (AW). IC50 values ∼4 mg L(-1), 100 mg L(-1) and >200 mg L(-1) at 1 h were observed in LB for Ag NM-300K, ZnO NM-110 and TiO2 NM-104, respectively. Similar results were obtained in AW for Ag NM-300K (IC50∼5 mg L(-1)) and TiO2 NM-104 (IC50>200 mg L(-1)) whereas ZnO NM-110 was significantly higher (IC50>200 mg L(-1)). Lower ZnO NM-110 toxicity in AW compared to LB was associated with differences in agglomeration status and dissolution rate. This work demonstrates the importance of nanoecotoxicological studies in environmentally relevant matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Mallevre
- School of Life Sciences, NanoSafety Research Group, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Scotland, UK
| | - Teresa F Fernandes
- School of Life Sciences, NanoSafety Research Group, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Scotland, UK
| | - Thomas J Aspray
- School of Life Sciences, NanoSafety Research Group, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Scotland, UK.
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