851
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Medeiros GC, Prueitt WL, Minhajuddin A, Patel SS, Czysz AH, Furman JL, Mason BL, Rush AJ, Jha MK, Trivedi MH. Childhood maltreatment and impact on clinical features of major depression in adults. Psychiatry Res 2020; 293:113412. [PMID: 32950785 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined: 1) the prevalence of childhood maltreatment (CMT) in individuals with chronic and/or recurrent depression, 2) the association between CMT and depressive symptoms, 3) the link between CMT and worse clinical presentation of depression, 4) the effects of accumulation of different types of CMT, and 5) the relationship between the age at CMT and depression. METHODS We analyzed the baseline data of 663 individuals from the CO-MED study. CMT was determined by a brief self-reported questionnaire assessing sexual abuse, emotional abuse, physical abuse, and neglect. Correlational analyses were conducted. RESULTS Half of the sample (n = 331) reported CMT. Those with CMT had higher rates of panic/phobic, cognitive and anhedonic symptoms than those without CMT. All individual types of maltreatment were associated with a poorer clinical presentation including: 1) earlier MDD onset; 2) more severe MDD, 3) more suiccidality, 4) worse quality of life, and functioning, and 5) more psychiatric comorbidities. Clinical presentation was worse in participants who reported multiple types of CMT. CONCLUSIONS In chronic and/or recurrent depression, CMT is common, usually of multiple types and is associated with a worse clinical presentation in MDD. The combination of multiple types of CMT is associated with more impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo C Medeiros
- Department of Psychiatry, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390-9070, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - William L Prueitt
- Department of Psychiatry, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390-9070, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Abu Minhajuddin
- Department of Psychiatry, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390-9070, USA
| | - Shirali S Patel
- Department of Psychiatry, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390-9070, USA
| | - Andrew H Czysz
- Department of Psychiatry, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390-9070, USA
| | - Jennifer L Furman
- Department of Psychiatry, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390-9070, USA
| | - Brittany L Mason
- Department of Psychiatry, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390-9070, USA
| | - A John Rush
- Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech Health Science Center, Permian Basin, TX, USA
| | - Manish K Jha
- Department of Psychiatry, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390-9070, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Madhukar H Trivedi
- Department of Psychiatry, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390-9070, USA.
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852
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Increased Healthcare Resource Utilization and Direct and Indirect Costs in Patients with Depression and Comorbid Overactive Bladder: Evidence From a Retrospective, Matched Case-Control Cohort Analysis. Adv Ther 2020; 37:4599-4613. [PMID: 32910419 PMCID: PMC7547960 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-020-01485-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction This study sought to compare healthcare resource utilization (HCRU), costs, and workplace productivity among patients with depression, with and without overactive bladder (OAB). Methods This retrospective, case–control cohort analysis compares HCRU, costs, and workplace productivity among propensity score matched patients with depression and OAB (case cohort) and patients with depression without OAB (control cohort). Patients were aged 18 years or older, insured/on Medicare, and had diagnosed depression and an antidepressant medication claim pre index. First OAB-related event was index for cases; controls were assigned a proxy (study period 12 months). Comparisons of HCRU and costs and regression models assessed the relationship between OAB and costs. For the workplace productivity subset analyses cases and controls were balanced on baseline covariates for the short-term disability analyses but as they were unbalanced for the absentee analyses, multivariate regression analyses were used for this subset. Results The study criteria were met by 39,085 cases and 308,736 controls, from which, 37,997 patients were successfully matched 1:1 (mean age 55 years; 81% female). Most depression-related HCRU measures were similar across cohorts; however, outpatient visits, ER visits, and number of unique depression medications were significantly higher (all p < 0.05) among cases. Cases also had 13% higher total depression-related costs (p < 0.0001). Total mean (standard deviation [SD]) depression-related costs were $1796 ($4235) for cases versus $1597 ($3863) for controls (p < 0.0001). For workplace productivity (absentee data: cases [n = 686], controls [n = 642]; short-term disability data: cases [n = 4395], controls [n = 4433]) absentee outcomes were similar across cohorts. However, a higher percentage of cases used short-term disability benefits compared to controls (21.3% versus 16.9%; p < 0.0001) and cases experienced more case days (11.0 versus 8.6 mean days) and received higher mean payments than controls ($1226 versus $1033; p < 0.0001) in this subset. Conclusions OAB was associated with 13% higher depression-related costs and 4.4% more cases used short-term disability benefits. Electronic Supplementary Material The online version of this article (10.1007/s12325-020-01485-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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853
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Colomer L, Anmella G, Vieta E, Grande I. Physical health in affective disorders: a narrative review of the literature. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2020; 43:621-630. [PMID: 33146344 PMCID: PMC8639004 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews the most common non-psychiatric comorbidities associated with affective disorders, examining the implications of their possible bidirectional link. A narrative review was conducted on the association among the three most common non-psychiatric diseases in major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder (obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases) in articles published from January 1994 to April 2020. The evidence suggests that obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases are highly prevalent in patients diagnosed with affective disorders. The presence of non-psychiatric comorbidities significantly worsens the therapeutic management and prognosis of affective disorders and vice versa. In many cases, these comorbidities may precede the onset of affective disorders, although in most cases they appear after it. The presence of these concurrent non-psychiatric diseases in an individual diagnosed with an affective disorder is associated with a more complex disease presentation and management. For professionals, the evidence unequivocally supports routine surveillance of comorbidities from a multidisciplinary approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluc Colomer
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Gerard Anmella
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Iria Grande
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
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854
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Dhuna NA, Malkani RG. Antidepressants and Their Impact on Sleep. CURRENT SLEEP MEDICINE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40675-020-00189-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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855
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Fratelli C, Siqueira J, Silva C, Ferreira E, Silva I. 5HTTLPR Genetic Variant and Major Depressive Disorder: A Review. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1260. [PMID: 33114535 PMCID: PMC7692865 DOI: 10.3390/genes11111260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a disease that involves biological, psychological, and social interactions. Studies have shown the importance of genetics contribution to MDD development. The SCL6A4 protein (5HTTLPR) functions transporting serotonin, a neurotransmitter linked to mood and emotion, to the synaptic cleft. Hence, this study seeks, through a literature review, a better comprehension of the 5HTTLPR genetic variant association with MDD. For this purpose, a search was performed on the Virtual Health Library Portal for articles that related 5HTTLPR to MDD. Most of the articles found were conducted in the American continent, with one (1) study implemented in Brazil. 5HTTLPR associations were found regarding changes in the nervous system, pharmacology, and risk factors seen in MDD patients. When verifying the allelic distribution, the S allele had a higher frequency in most of the studies analyzed. Despite not finding a commonality in the different studies, the tremendous genetic variation found demonstrates the MDD complexity. For this reason, further studies in diverse populations should be conducted to assist in the understanding and treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Fratelli
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences and Technologies, Campus Faculty of Ceilandia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 72220-275, Brazil;
| | - Jhon Siqueira
- Department of Pharmacy, Campus Faculty of Ceilandia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 72220-275, Brazil; (J.S.); (C.S.); (E.F.)
| | - Calliandra Silva
- Department of Pharmacy, Campus Faculty of Ceilandia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 72220-275, Brazil; (J.S.); (C.S.); (E.F.)
| | - Eduardo Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacy, Campus Faculty of Ceilandia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 72220-275, Brazil; (J.S.); (C.S.); (E.F.)
| | - Izabel Silva
- Department of Pharmacy, Campus Faculty of Ceilandia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 72220-275, Brazil; (J.S.); (C.S.); (E.F.)
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856
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Meng Y, Hynynen K, Lipsman N. Applications of focused ultrasound in the brain: from thermoablation to drug delivery. Nat Rev Neurol 2020; 17:7-22. [PMID: 33106619 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-020-00418-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Focused ultrasound (FUS) is a disruptive medical technology, and its implementation in the clinic represents the culmination of decades of research. Lying at the convergence of physics, engineering, imaging, biology and neuroscience, FUS offers the ability to non-invasively and precisely intervene in key circuits that drive common and challenging brain conditions. The actions of FUS in the brain take many forms, ranging from transient blood-brain barrier opening and neuromodulation to permanent thermoablation. Over the past 5 years, we have seen a dramatic expansion of indications for and experience with FUS in humans, with a resultant exponential increase in academic and public interest in the technology. Applications now span the clinical spectrum in neurological and psychiatric diseases, with insights still emerging from preclinical models and human trials. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive overview of therapeutic ultrasound and its current and emerging indications in the brain. We examine the potential impact of FUS on the landscape of brain therapies as well as the challenges facing further advancement and broader adoption of this promising minimally invasive therapeutic alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Meng
- Division of Neurosurgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Sunnybrook Research Institute, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kullervo Hynynen
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics and Institute of Biomaterials & Biomedical Engineering (IBBME), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nir Lipsman
- Division of Neurosurgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Sunnybrook Research Institute, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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857
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Guo M, Wang T, Zhang Z, Chen N, Li Y, Wang Y, Yao Z, Hu B. Diagnosis of major depressive disorder using whole-brain effective connectivity networks derived from resting-state functional MRI. J Neural Eng 2020; 17:056038. [PMID: 32987369 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/abbc28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is important to improve identification accuracy for possible early intervention of major depressive disorder (MDD). Recently, effective connectivity (EC), defined as the directed influence of spatially distant brain regions on each other, has been used to find the dysfunctional organization of brain networks in MDD. However, little is known about the ability of whole-brain resting-state EC features in identification of MDD. Here, we employed EC by whole-brain analysis to perform MDD diagnosis. APPROACH In this study, we proposed a high-order EC network capturing high-level relationship among multiple brain regions to discriminate 57 patients with MDD from 60 normal controls (NC). In high-order EC networks and traditional low-order EC networks, we utilized the network properties and connection strength for classification. Meanwhile, the support vector machine (SVM) was employed for model training. Generalization of the results was supported by 10-fold cross-validation. MAIN RESULTS The classification results showed that the high-order EC network performed better than the low-order EC network in diagnosing MDD, and the integration of these two networks yielded the best classification precision with 95% accuracy, 98.83% sensitivity, and 91% specificity. Furthermore, we found that the abnormal connections of high-order EC in MDD patients involved multiple widely concerned functional subnets, particularly the default mode network and the cerebellar network. SIGNIFICANCE The current study indicates whole-brain EC networks, measured by our high-order method, may be promising biomarkers for clinical diagnosis of MDD, and the complementary between high-order and low-order EC will better guide patients to get early interventions as well as treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Guo
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Wearable Computing, School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
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858
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Ushakova VM, Morozova AY, Reznik AM, Kostyuk GP, Chekhonin VP. Molecular Biological Aspects of Depressive Disorders: A Modern View. Mol Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893320050118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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859
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Zhao L, Han G, Zhao Y, Jin Y, Ge T, Yang W, Cui R, Xu S, Li B. Gender Differences in Depression: Evidence From Genetics. Front Genet 2020; 11:562316. [PMID: 33193645 PMCID: PMC7593575 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.562316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared with men, female accounts for a larger proportion of patients with depression. Behavioral genetics researches find gender differences in genetic underpinnings of depression. We found that gender differences exist in heritability and the gene associated with depression after reviewing relevant research. Both genes and gene-environment interactions contribute to the risk of depression in a gender-specific manner. We detailed the relationships between serotonin transporter gene-linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) and depression. However, the results of these studies are very different. We explored the reasons for the contradictory conclusions and provided some suggestions for future research on the gender differences in genetic underpinnings of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guanghong Han
- Department of Oral Geriatrics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yinghao Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Jin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tongtong Ge
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ranji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Songbai Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bingjin Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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860
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Kuzior H, Fiebich BL, Yousif NM, Saliba SW, Ziegler C, Nickel K, Maier SJ, Süß P, Runge K, Matysik M, Dersch R, Berger B, Robinson T, Venhoff N, Kessler F, Blank T, Domschke K, Tebartz van Elst L, Endres D. Increased IL-8 concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with unipolar depression. Compr Psychiatry 2020; 102:152196. [PMID: 32927367 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Unipolar depression is a common and debilitating disorder. Immunological explanatory approaches have become increasingly important in recent years and can be studied particularly well in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Previous studies discerned alterations in interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 levels; however, findings regarding IL-8 were partly contradictory. The aim of the present study was to investigate the concentrations of different cytokines and chemokines, focusing on IL-8, in the CSF of patients with unipolar depression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Participants included 40 patients with unipolar depression and 39 mentally healthy controls with idiopathic intracranial hypertension. CSF cytokine levels were measured using a magnetic bead multiplexing immunoassay. RESULTS IL-8 levels in the CSF of the patient group with depression were significantly higher than those in the control group (Mean ± SD: 38.44 ± 6.26 pg/ml versus 21.40 ± 7.96 pg/ml; p < .001). LIMITATIONS The significance of the results is limited by the retrospective design and methodological aspects. DISCUSSION The main findings of this study were significantly higher concentrations of IL-8 in the CSF of patients with unipolar depression than in the control group. The detection of high CSF IL-8 levels in this study supports the idea that inflammatory processes might play a role in the pathophysiology of a subgroup of patients with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Kuzior
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd L Fiebich
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nizar M Yousif
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Soraya W Saliba
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christiane Ziegler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Nickel
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simon J Maier
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Süß
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kimon Runge
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Matysik
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rick Dersch
- Department for Neurology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Berger
- Department for Neurology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tilman Robinson
- Department for Neurology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nils Venhoff
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Kessler
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Blank
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Center for Basics in Neuromodulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ludger Tebartz van Elst
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominique Endres
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany.
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861
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Yao D, Sui J, Yang E, Yap PT, Shen D, Liu M. Temporal-Adaptive Graph Convolutional Network for Automated Identification of Major Depressive Disorder Using Resting-State fMRI. MACHINE LEARNING IN MEDICAL IMAGING. MLMI (WORKSHOP) 2020; 12436:1-10. [PMID: 36383497 PMCID: PMC9645786 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-59861-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Extensive studies focus on analyzing human brain functional connectivity from a network perspective, in which each network contains complex graph structures. Based on resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) data, graph convolutional networks (GCNs) enable comprehensive mapping of brain functional connectivity (FC) patterns to depict brain activities. However, existing studies usually characterize static properties of the FC patterns, ignoring the time-varying dynamic information. In addition, previous GCN methods generally use fixed group-level (e.g., patients or controls) representation of FC networks, and thus, cannot capture subject-level FC specificity. To this end, we propose a Temporal-Adaptive GCN (TAGCN) framework that can not only take advantage of both spatial and temporal information using resting-state FC patterns and time-series but also explicitly characterize subject-level specificity of FC patterns. Specifically, we first segment each ROI-based time-series into multiple overlapping windows, then employ an adaptive GCN to mine topological information. We further model the temporal patterns for each ROI along time to learn the periodic brain status changes. Experimental results on 533 major depressive disorder (MDD) and health control (HC) subjects demonstrate that the proposed TAGCN outperforms several state-of-the-art methods in MDD vs. HC classification, and also can be used to capture dynamic FC alterations and learn valid graph representations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongren Yao
- Brainentome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jing Sui
- Brainentome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Erkun Yang
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Pew-Thian Yap
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Dinggang Shen
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Mingxia Liu
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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862
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Dunbar E, Greer PJ, Melhem N, Alkaade S, Amann ST, Brand R, Coté GA, Forsmark CE, Gardner TB, Gelrud A, Guda NM, LaRusch J, Lewis MD, Machicado JD, Muniraj T, Papachristou GI, Romagnuolo J, Sandhu BS, Sherman S, Wilcox CM, Singh VK, Yadav D, Whitcomb DC. Constant-severe pain in chronic pancreatitis is associated with genetic loci for major depression in the NAPS2 cohort. J Gastroenterol 2020; 55:1000-1009. [PMID: 32681239 PMCID: PMC9124361 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-020-01703-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain is the most debilitating symptom of recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) and often requires chronic opioids or total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation to manage. Pain is a complex experience that can be exacerbated by depression and vice versa. Our aim was to test the hypothesis that depression-associated genes are associated with a constant-severe pain experience in RAP/CP patients. STUDY A retrospective study was done using North American Pancreatitis Study II (NAPS2) genotyped RAP and CP patients with completed case report forms (n = 1,357). Subjects were divided based on pattern of pain and pain severity as constant-severe pain (n = 787) versus not constant-severe pain (n = 570) to conduct a nested genome-wide association study. The association between reported antidepressant medication use and depression gene loci was tested. RESULTS Constant-severe pain was reported in 58% (n = 787) of pancreatitis patients. No differences in sex or alcohol consumption were found based on pain severity. Antidepressant use was reported in 28% (n = 223), and they had lower SF-12 mental quality of life (MCS, p < 2.2 × 10- 16). Fifteen loci associated with constant-severe pain (p < 0.00001) were found to be in or near depression-associated genes including ROBO2, CTNND2, SGCZ, CNTN5 and BAIAP2. Three of these genes respond to antidepressant use (SGCZ, ROBO2, and CTNND2). CONCLUSION Depression is a major co-factor in the pain experience. This genetic predisposition to depression may have utility in counseling patients and in instituting early antidepressant therapy for pain management of pancreatitis patients. Prospective randomized trials are warranted. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION Clinicaltriasl.gov.# NCT01545167.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellyn Dunbar
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Phil J. Greer
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nadine Melhem
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Samer Alkaade
- Department of Medicine, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Randall Brand
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Timothy B. Gardner
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH
| | - Andres Gelrud
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Jessica LaRusch
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michele D. Lewis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville FL, USA
| | | | | | | | - Joseph Romagnuolo
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | | | | | - Charles M. Wilcox
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Vikesh K. Singh
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dhiraj Yadav
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David C. Whitcomb
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Department of Cell Biology & Molecular Physiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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863
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Ali S, Nahar Z, Rahman MR, Islam SMA, Bhuiyan MA, Islam MR. Serum insulin-like growth factor-1 and relaxin-3 are linked with major depressive disorder. Asian J Psychiatr 2020; 53:102164. [PMID: 32446216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samia Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1215, Bangladesh.
| | - Zabun Nahar
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1215, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Rajibur Rahman
- Department of Psychiatry, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
| | | | - Mohiuddin Ahmed Bhuiyan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1215, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Rabiul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1215, Bangladesh.
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864
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Scherf-Clavel M, Hommers L, Wurst C, Stonawski S, Deckert J, Domschke K, Unterecker S, Menke A. Higher venlafaxine serum concentrations necessary for clinical improvement? Time to re-evaluate the therapeutic reference range of venlafaxine. J Psychopharmacol 2020; 34:1105-1111. [PMID: 32669065 DOI: 10.1177/0269881120936509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The therapeutic reference range for venlafaxine in antidepressant treatment has been defined as 100 to 400 ng/mL. However, in an everyday setting active moiety concentrations above the therapeutic reference range were often reported. AIM The aim of this study was to re-evaluate the therapeutic reference range of venlafaxine. METHODS In-patients (⩽60 years) with major depressive episodes receiving antidepressant monotherapy with venlafaxine during routine clinical treatment were included in this observational study. Depressive symptom severity was evaluated on a weekly basis using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-21), and therapeutic drug monitoring analyses were performed. Resting electrocardiograms were analyzed in week 3, week 5 and week 7 of study participation. RESULTS Clinical improvement from baseline to week 4 was significantly associated with increasing serum concentrations of the active moiety of venlafaxine (N = 23, Pearson correlation, p = 0.009), but not with the dose of venlafaxine. Patients achieving remission showed significantly higher serum concentrations than patients achieving response/non-response (Kruskal-Wallis test, p = 0.019). Moreover, in patients with serum concentrations above 400 ng/mL time to remission and time to response was significantly shorter than in patients with concentrations below 400 ng/mL (Mantel-COX test, p = 0.001; p = 0.010). QTc time was below the upper limit of a normal QTc time (450 ms) for all patients. CONCLUSION The serum concentration of the active moiety and not the dose determined the effect of venlafaxine. Shorter remission times without ECG alterations in patients with serum concentrations above the therapeutic reference range suggest a re-evaluation of the therapeutic reference range for venlafaxine in larger studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Scherf-Clavel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Leif Hommers
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Catherina Wurst
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Saskia Stonawski
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Deckert
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Unterecker
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Menke
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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865
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Du Preez A, Law T, Onorato D, Lim YM, Eiben P, Musaelyan K, Egeland M, Hye A, Zunszain PA, Thuret S, Pariante CM, Fernandes C. The type of stress matters: repeated injection and permanent social isolation stress in male mice have a differential effect on anxiety- and depressive-like behaviours, and associated biological alterations. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:325. [PMID: 32958745 PMCID: PMC7505042 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-01000-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress can alter the immune system, adult hippocampal neurogenesis and induce anxiety- and depressive-like behaviour in rodents. However, previous studies have not discriminated between the effect(s) of different types of stress on these behavioural and biological outcomes. We investigated the effect(s) of repeated injection vs. permanent social isolation on behaviour, stress responsivity, immune system functioning and hippocampal neurogenesis, in young adult male mice, and found that the type of stress exposure does indeed matter. Exposure to 6 weeks of repeated injection resulted in an anxiety-like phenotype, decreased systemic inflammation (i.e., reduced plasma levels of TNFα and IL4), increased corticosterone reactivity, increased microglial activation and decreased neuronal differentiation in the dentate gyrus (DG). In contrast, exposure to 6 weeks of permanent social isolation resulted in a depressive-like phenotype, increased plasma levels of TNFα, decreased plasma levels of IL10 and VEGF, decreased corticosterone reactivity, decreased microglial cell density and increased cell density for radial glia, s100β-positive cells and mature neuroblasts-all in the DG. Interestingly, combining the two distinct stress paradigms did not have an additive effect on behavioural and biological outcomes, but resulted in yet a different phenotype, characterized by increased anxiety-like behaviour, decreased plasma levels of IL1β, IL4 and VEGF, and decreased hippocampal neuronal differentiation, without altered neuroinflammation or corticosterone reactivity. These findings demonstrate that different forms of chronic stress can differentially alter both behavioural and biological outcomes in young adult male mice, and that combining multiple stressors may not necessarily cause more severe pathological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Du Preez
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Thomas Law
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Diletta Onorato
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Yau M Lim
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paola Eiben
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ksenia Musaelyan
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Martin Egeland
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Abdul Hye
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Patricia A Zunszain
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sandrine Thuret
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Carmine M Pariante
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Cathy Fernandes
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
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866
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Chubar V, Luyten P, Goossens L, Bekaert B, Bleys D, Soenens B, Claes S. The link between parental psychological control, depressive symptoms and epigenetic changes in the glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1). Physiol Behav 2020; 227:113170. [PMID: 32956684 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This paper examines the relationship between parental Psychological Control (PC) and depressive symptoms in adolescents and assesses whether this relationship was mediated by DNA methylation, focusing on the glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1), which plays a crucial role in HPA-axis functioning and is linked to environmental stress and depression. This is among the very few studies that looked at the relation between DNA methylation, environmental stress and depression in family trios. METHODS The study cohort consisted of 250 families: father, mother and a biologically related adolescent (adolescents (48.9% boys), mean age: 15.14, SD= 1.9; mean age mothers: 45.83, SD= 4.2; mean age fathers: 47.77, SD= 4.7). Depressive symptoms and PC were measured in adolescents and in both parents. DNA methylation levels in NR3C1 were examined in all participants. RESULTS Depressive symptoms in adolescents were predicted by PC of both mothers and fathers. Moreover, maternal depressive symptoms were associated with maternal PC, and fathers' depressive symptoms and PC. In fathers, only the level of their self-reported PC was associated with their depressive symptoms. There was no relation between adolescents' DNA methylation and depressive symptoms or the level of parental PC. Yet, there was a significant association between maternal depressive symptoms and maternal epigenetic patterns in NR3C1. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the need for more research in order to better understand the biological and contextual mechanisms through which parenting and parental emotional well-being is related to the development of psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Chubar
- KU Leuven, Mind-Body Research Group, Department of Neuroscience, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - P Luyten
- KU Leuven, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; University College London, Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, London, UK
| | - L Goossens
- KU Leuven, School Psychology and Child and Adolescent Development Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - B Bekaert
- KU Leuven, University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Forensic Medicine, Laboratory of Forensic Genetics and Molecular Archaeology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Imaging and Pathology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - D Bleys
- KU Leuven, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - B Soenens
- Ghent university, Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - S Claes
- KU Leuven, Mind-Body Research Group, Department of Neuroscience, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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867
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Ketamine, but not guanosine, as a prophylactic agent against corticosterone-induced depressive-like behavior: Possible role of long-lasting pro-synaptogenic signaling pathway. Exp Neurol 2020; 334:113459. [PMID: 32891670 PMCID: PMC7470721 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ketamine has been reported to exert a prophylactic effect against stress-induced depressive-like behavior by modulating the guanosine-based purinergic system. However, the molecular pathways underlying its prophylactic effect and whether guanosine also elicits a similar effect remain to be determined. Here, we investigated the prophylactic effect of ketamine and guanosine against corticosterone (CORT – 20 mg/kg, p.o.)-induced depressive-like behavior in mice. Furthermore, we characterized if the prophylactic response may be associated with mTORC1-driven signaling in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. A single administration of ketamine (5 mg/kg, i.p.), but not guanosine (1 or 5 mg/kg, p.o.), given 1 week before the pharmacological stress prevented CORT-induced depressive-like behavior in the tail suspension test (TST) and splash test (SPT). Fluoxetine treatment for 3 weeks did not prevent CORT-induced behavioral effects. A single administration of subthreshold doses of ketamine (1 mg/kg, i.p.) plus guanosine (5 mg/kg, p.o.) partially prevented the CORT-induced depressive-like behavior in the SPT. Additionally, CORT reduced Akt (Ser473) and GSK-3β (Ser9) phosphorylation and PSD-95, GluA1, and synapsin immunocontent in the hippocampus, but not in the prefrontal cortex. No alterations on mTORC1/p70S6K immunocontent were found in both regions in any experimental group. CORT-induced reductions on PSD-95, GluA1, and synapsin immunocontent were prevented only by ketamine treatment. Collectively, these findings suggest that ketamine, but not guanosine, exerts a prophylactic effect against depressive-like behavior, an effect associated with the stimulation of long-lasting pro-synaptogenic signaling in the hippocampus. CORT induces depressive-like behavior and hippocampal synaptogenic markers deficits. Ketamine prevents CORT-induced behavioral and hippocampal synaptogenic alterations. Guanosine or fluoxetine are unable to prevent the alterations induced by CORT. Ketamine plus guanosine partially prevent CORT-induced reduced self-care behavior.
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868
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Ghaffari S, Ghobadi A, Jamshidi AH, Mortazavi SH, Naderi S, Aqamolaei A, Mortezaei A, Sahebolzamani E, Shamabadi A, Jalilvand S, Daraei B, Shalbafan MR, Akhondzadeh S. Cinnamomum tamala as an adjuvant therapy in the treatment of major depressive disorder: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial with placebo control. ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aimed.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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869
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Li S, Li Y, Li X, Liu J, Huo Y, Wang J, Liu Z, Li M, Luo XJ. Regulatory mechanisms of major depressive disorder risk variants. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:1926-1945. [PMID: 32214206 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0715-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Though recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified multiple risk variants for MDD, how these variants confer MDD risk remains largely unknown. Here we systematically characterize the regulatory mechanism of MDD risk variants using a functional genomics approach. By integrating chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-Seq) (from human brain tissues or neuronal cells) and position weight matrix (PWM) data, we identified 34 MDD risk SNPs that disrupt the binding of 15 transcription factors (TFs). We verified the regulatory effect of the TF binding-disrupting SNPs with reporter gene assays, allelic-specific expression analysis, and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis identified the target genes that might be regulated by these regulatory risk SNPs. Finally, we found that NEGR1 (regulated by the TF binding-disrupting MDD risk SNP rs3101339) was dysregulated in the brains of MDD cases compared with controls, implying that rs3101339 may confer MDD risk by affecting NEGR1 expression. Our findings reveal how genetic variants contribute to MDD risk by affecting TF binding and gene regulation. More importantly, our study identifies the potential MDD causal variants and their target genes, thus providing pivotal candidates for future mechanistic study and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwu Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiewei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Yongxia Huo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Junyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhongchun Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiong-Jian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China. .,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China. .,Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China. .,KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China.
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870
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Milaneschi Y, Lamers F, Berk M, Penninx BWJH. Depression Heterogeneity and Its Biological Underpinnings: Toward Immunometabolic Depression. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 88:369-380. [PMID: 32247527 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence indicates the presence of dysregulated homeostatic biological pathways in depressed patients, such as increased inflammation and disrupted energy-regulating neuroendocrine signaling (e.g., leptin, insulin). Alterations in these biological pathways may explain the considerable comorbidity between depression and cardiometabolic conditions (e.g., obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes) and represent a promising target for intervention. This review describes how immunometabolic dysregulations vary as a function of depression heterogeneity by illustrating that such biological dysregulations map more consistently to atypical behavioral symptoms reflecting altered energy intake/expenditure balance (hyperphagia, weight gain, hypersomnia, fatigue, and leaden paralysis) and may moderate the antidepressant effects of standard or novel (e.g., anti-inflammatory) therapeutic approaches. These lines of evidence are integrated in a conceptual model of immunometabolic depression emerging from the clustering of immunometabolic biological dysregulations and specific behavioral symptoms. The review finally elicits questions to be answered by future research and describes how the immunometabolic depression dimension could be used to dissect the heterogeneity of depression and potentially to match subgroups of patients to specific treatments with higher likelihood of clinical success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center/Vrije Universiteit & GGZinGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Femke Lamers
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center/Vrije Universiteit & GGZinGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Berk
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Treatment, School of Medicine, Deakin University and Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center/Vrije Universiteit & GGZinGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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871
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Kamiya M, Sabia HD, Marella J, Fava M, Nemeroff CB, Umeuchi H, Iijima M, Chaki S, Nishino I. Efficacy and safety of TS-121, a novel vasopressin V 1B receptor antagonist, as adjunctive treatment for patients with major depressive disorder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 128:43-51. [PMID: 32521250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Vasopressin 1B (V1B) receptor has a pivotal role in the regulation of the hypothalamus-adrenal-pituitary axis, and V1B receptor antagonists have shown efficacy in a number of preclinical models of depression. The efficacy and safety of, TS-121 (active ingredient: THY1773), a novel V1B receptor antagonist, was investigated in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) who had an inadequate response to current antidepressant therapy. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 study, 51 MDD patients (43 of whom completed the study) were randomly assigned to either TS-121 10 mg, 50 mg or placebo for 6 weeks treatment period. The primary endpoint was change from baseline on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score at week 6. The study was conducted from Jul 2017 to Dec 2018. The changes from baseline in MADRS score at week 6 (Least Square Mean [95% Confidence interval] were: TS-121 10 mg (-9.0 [-13.9, -4.1]), TS-121 50 mg (-9.0 [-13.4, -4.5]), and placebo (-6.4 [-10.7, -2.2]). TS-121 groups showed greater numerical reductions in MADRS score change from baseline compared to placebo, though these reductions did not achieve statistical significance. Similar trends of numerically greater improvements in TS-121 groups were observed across secondary endpoints. Higher baseline urinary and hair cortisol levels were associated with a greater separation between TS-121 groups and the placebo group in the primary endpoint. These findings, combined with favorable safety and tolerability, warrant further investigation of TS-121 in an adequately powered study in patients with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Kamiya
- Taisho Pharmaceutical R&D Inc., 350 Mount Kemble Avenue, Morristown, NJ, 07960, USA.
| | - Helene D Sabia
- Taisho Pharmaceutical R&D Inc., 350 Mount Kemble Avenue, Morristown, NJ, 07960, USA
| | - Julie Marella
- Taisho Pharmaceutical R&D Inc., 350 Mount Kemble Avenue, Morristown, NJ, 07960, USA
| | - Maurizio Fava
- Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Bulfinch 351, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Charles B Nemeroff
- University of Texas Dell Medical School in Austin, 1601 Trinity Street, Stop Z0600, Office HDB 4.112, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Hideo Umeuchi
- Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Development Headquarters, 3-24-1 Takada, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, 170-8633, Japan
| | - Michihiko Iijima
- Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Research Headquarters, 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 331-9530, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Chaki
- Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Research Headquarters, 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 331-9530, Japan
| | - Izumi Nishino
- Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Development Headquarters, 3-24-1 Takada, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, 170-8633, Japan
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872
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Berger T, Lee H, Young AH, Aarsland D, Thuret S. Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Major Depressive Disorder and Alzheimer's Disease. Trends Mol Med 2020; 26:803-818. [PMID: 32418723 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2020.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Depression and dementia are major public health problems. Major depressive disorder (MDD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) reciprocally elevate the risk for one another. No effective drug is available to treat AD and about one-third of depressive patients show treatment resistance. The biological connection between MDD and AD is still unclear. Uncovering this link might open novel ways of treatment and prevention to improve patient healthcare. Here, we discuss recent studies specifically on the role of human adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) in MDD and AD. We compare diverse approaches to analyse the effect of MDD and AD on human AHN and analyse different studies implicating the role of human AHN as a potential converging mechanism in MDD and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Berger
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Hyunah Lee
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Allan H Young
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Monks Orchard Road, Beckenham, Kent, UK
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Centre for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Sandrine Thuret
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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873
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Tobaldini E, Carandina A, Toschi-Dias E, Erba L, Furlan L, Sgoifo A, Montano N. Depression and cardiovascular autonomic control: a matter of vagus and sex paradox. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 116:154-161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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874
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Medeiros GC, Roy D, Kontos N, Beach SR. Post-stroke depression: A 2020 updated review. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2020; 66:70-80. [PMID: 32717644 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-stroke depression (PSD) is common and associated with higher mortality, poorer recovery, more pronounced cognitive deficits, and lower quality of life than is stroke without depression. This manuscript will conduct an updated, comprehensive and clinically-useful review of the risk factors, pathophysiology, assessment, prevention, and treatment of PSD. METHODS This narrative review summarizes articles obtained on PubMed, Medline, EMBase, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Database. This review prioritized articles with a more robust level of evidence, such as original articles with longitudinal data and/or larger samples, randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and metaanalyses. RESULTS One hundred twenty-four articles were reviewed, of which 44 (35%) were published before 2016 and 80 (65%) that were published since 2016. DISCUSSION Rates of PSD range from 18 to 33%, yet it is vastly underdiagnosed and undertreated. Risk factors for PSD include female sex, history of psychiatric illness, large or multiple strokes, injuries in frontal/anterior areas or in the basal ganglia, stroke occurrence within the past year, poor social support, and pronounced disability. The pathophysiology of PSD is multifactorial and likely involves decreased levels of monoamines, abnormal neurotrophic response, increased inflammation with dysregulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity. The evidence for preventive interventions for PSD is somewhat inconsistent and modest. The best treatment for PSD consists of the combination of pharmacological, psychosocial and stroke-focused interventions. CONCLUSION PSD is a common, treatable condition that is associated with several negative outcomes. Early detection and proper management are critical to obtain better outcomes in individuals with PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo C Medeiros
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Durga Roy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicholas Kontos
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott R Beach
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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875
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Xue SS, Zhou CH, Xue F, Liu L, Cai YH, Luo JF, Wang Y, Tan QR, Wang HN, Peng ZW. The impact of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and fluoxetine on the brain lipidome in a rat model of chronic unpredictable stress. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 102:109946. [PMID: 32325156 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The antidepressant effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been extensively studied; growing evidence suggests that changes in lipid composition may be involved in the pathogenesis of depression and may be a targeted mechanism for treatment. However, the influence of rTMS on lipid composition and the differences between these effects compared to antidepressants like fluoxetine (Flx) have never been investigated. Using a chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) model in rats, we assessed the antidepressive effects of rTMS and Flx treatments and evaluated changes in lipid composition in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) using a mass spectrometry-based lipidomic approach. Both rTMS and Flx treatments ameliorated depressive-like behaviors induced by CUS. Moreover, changes in lipid composition, especially glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and glycerolipids induced by CUS in the hippocampus were more robust than those observed in the PFC. CUS led to decreased levels of 20 carbon-containing fatty acyls and polyunsaturated fatty acyls in the PFC, and decreased levels of acyl carnitines (AcCa) in both the hippocampus and PFC. Notably, rTMS treatment had higher impact than Flx on composition of glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids in the hippocampus that were altered by CUS, while Flx attenuated CUS-induced changes in the PFC to a greater extent than rTMS. However, neither was able to restore fatty acyls and AcCa to baseline levels. Altogether, modulation of the brain lipidome may be involved in the antidepressant action of rTMS and Flx, and the degree to which these treatments induce changes in lipid composition within the hippocampus and PFC might explain their differential antidepressant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Xue
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Cui-Hong Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Fen Xue
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yan-Hui Cai
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jian-Feng Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Qing-Rong Tan
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Hua-Ning Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Zheng-Wu Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
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876
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Fontana A, Manchia M, Panebianco C, Paribello P, Arzedi C, Cossu E, Garzilli M, Montis MA, Mura A, Pisanu C, Congiu D, Copetti M, Pinna F, Carpiniello B, Squassina A, Pazienza V. Exploring the Role of Gut Microbiota in Major Depressive Disorder and in Treatment Resistance to Antidepressants. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8090311. [PMID: 32867257 PMCID: PMC7554953 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8090311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common severe psychiatric illness, exhibiting sub-optimal response to existing pharmacological treatments. Although its etiopathogenesis is still not completely understood, recent findings suggest that an altered composition of the gut microbiota might play a role. Here we aimed to explore potential differences in the composition of the gut microbiota between patients with MDD and healthy controls (HC) and to identify possible signatures of treatment response by analyzing two groups of MDD patients characterized as treatment-resistant (TR) or responders (R) to antidepressants. Stool samples were collected from 34 MDD patients (8 TR, 19 R and 7 untreated) and 20 HC. Microbiota was characterized using the 16S metagenomic approach. A penalized logistic regression analysis algorithm was applied to identify bacterial populations that best discriminate the diagnostic groups. Statistically significant differences were identified for the families of Paenibacillaceae and Flavobacteriaceaea, for the genus Fenollaria, and the species Flintibacter butyricus, Christensenella timonensis, and Eisenbergiella massiliensis among others. The phyla Proteobacteria, Tenericutes and the family Peptostreptococcaceae were more abundant in TR, whereas the phylum Actinobacteria was enriched in R patients. Moreover, a number of bacteria only characterized the microbiota of TR patients, and many others were only detected in R. Our results confirm that dysbiosis is a hallmark of MDD and suggest that microbiota of TR patients significantly differs from responders to antidepressants. This finding further supports the relevance of an altered composition of the gut microbiota in the etiopathogenesis of MDD, suggesting a role in response to antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Fontana
- Unit of Biostatistics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; (A.F.); (M.C.)
| | - Mirko Manchia
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (M.M.); (P.P.); (C.A.); (E.C.); (M.G.); (M.A.M.); (A.M.); (F.P.); (B.C.)
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Concetta Panebianco
- Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy;
| | - Pasquale Paribello
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (M.M.); (P.P.); (C.A.); (E.C.); (M.G.); (M.A.M.); (A.M.); (F.P.); (B.C.)
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Carlo Arzedi
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (M.M.); (P.P.); (C.A.); (E.C.); (M.G.); (M.A.M.); (A.M.); (F.P.); (B.C.)
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cossu
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (M.M.); (P.P.); (C.A.); (E.C.); (M.G.); (M.A.M.); (A.M.); (F.P.); (B.C.)
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mario Garzilli
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (M.M.); (P.P.); (C.A.); (E.C.); (M.G.); (M.A.M.); (A.M.); (F.P.); (B.C.)
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Montis
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (M.M.); (P.P.); (C.A.); (E.C.); (M.G.); (M.A.M.); (A.M.); (F.P.); (B.C.)
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Mura
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (M.M.); (P.P.); (C.A.); (E.C.); (M.G.); (M.A.M.); (A.M.); (F.P.); (B.C.)
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Claudia Pisanu
- Unit of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (C.P.); (D.C.)
| | - Donatella Congiu
- Unit of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (C.P.); (D.C.)
| | - Massimiliano Copetti
- Unit of Biostatistics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; (A.F.); (M.C.)
| | - Federica Pinna
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (M.M.); (P.P.); (C.A.); (E.C.); (M.G.); (M.A.M.); (A.M.); (F.P.); (B.C.)
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Bernardo Carpiniello
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (M.M.); (P.P.); (C.A.); (E.C.); (M.G.); (M.A.M.); (A.M.); (F.P.); (B.C.)
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessio Squassina
- Unit of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (C.P.); (D.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University Campus, S.P. 8, Sestu-Monserrato, Km 0.700, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (V.P.)
| | - Valerio Pazienza
- Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy;
- Gastroenterology Unit, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital, Viale dei Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (V.P.)
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877
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Abstract
Depression is one of the most common comorbidities of many chronic medical diseases including cancer and cardiovascular, metabolic, inflammatory and neurological disorders. Indeed, the prevalence of depression in these patient groups is often substantially higher than in the general population, and depression accounts for a substantial part of the psychosocial burden of these disorders. Many factors can contribute to the occurrence of comorbid depression, such as shared genetic factors, converging biological pathways, social factors, health behaviours and psychological factors. Diagnosis of depression in patients with a medical disorder can be particularly challenging owing to symptomatic overlap. Although pharmacological and psychological treatments can be effective, adjustments may need to be made for patients with a comorbid medical disorder. In addition, symptoms or treatments of medical disorders may interfere with the treatment of depression. Conversely, symptoms of depression may decrease adherence to treatment of both disorders. Thus, comprehensive treatment plans are necessary to optimize care.
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878
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DeKarske D, Alva G, Aldred JL, Coate B, Cantillon M, Jacobi L, Nunez R, Norton JC, Abler V. An Open-Label, 8-Week Study of Safety and Efficacy of Pimavanserin Treatment in Adults with Parkinson's Disease and Depression. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2020; 10:1751-1761. [PMID: 32804101 PMCID: PMC7683094 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-202058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) experience depression. OBJECTIVE Evaluate pimavanserin treatment for depression in patients with PD. METHODS Pimavanserin was administered as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy to a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor or serotonin/noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor in this 8-week, single-arm, open-label phase 2 study (NCT03482882). The primary endpoint was change from baseline to week 8 in Hamilton Depression Scale-17-item version (HAMD-17) score. Safety, including collection of adverse events and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III (MDS-UPDRS III) scores, was assessed in patients who received ≥1 pimavanserin dose. RESULTS Efficacy was evaluated in 45 patients (21 monotherapy, 24 adjunctive therapy). Mean (SE) baseline HAMD-17 was 19.2 (3.1). Change from baseline to week 8 (least squares [LS] mean [SE]) in the HAMD-17 was -10.8 (0.63) (95% CI, -12.0 to -9.5; p < 0.0001) with significant improvement seen at week 2 (p < 0.0001) and for both monotherapy (week 8, -11.2 [0.99]) and adjunctive therapy (week 8,-10.2 [0.78]). Most patients (60.0%) had ≥50% improvement at week 8, and 44.4% of patients reached remission (HAMD-17 score ≤7). Twenty-one of 47 patients experienced 42 treatment-emergent adverse events; the most common by system organ class were gastrointestinal (n = 7; 14.9%) and psychiatric (n = 7; 14.9%). No negative effects were observed on MMSE or MDS-UPDRS Part III. CONCLUSION In this 8-week, single-arm, open-label study, pimavanserin as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy was well tolerated and associated with early and sustained improvement of depressive symptoms in patients with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gustavo Alva
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | - Bruce Coate
- ACADIA Pharmaceuticals Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Marc Cantillon
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Lori Jacobi
- ACADIA Pharmaceuticals Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rene Nunez
- ACADIA Pharmaceuticals Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
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879
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Poon CH, Heng BC, Lim LW. New insights on brain-derived neurotrophic factor epigenetics: from depression to memory extinction. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2020; 1484:9-31. [PMID: 32808327 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Advances in characterizing molecular profiles provide valuable insights and opportunities for deciphering the neuropathology of depression. Although abnormal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in depression has gained much support from preclinical and clinical research, how it mediates behavioral alterations in the depressed state remains largely obscure. Environmental factors contribute significantly to the onset of depression and produce robust epigenetic changes. Epigenetic regulation of BDNF, as one of the most characterized gene loci in epigenetics, has recently emerged as a target in research on memory and psychiatric disorders. Specifically, epigenetic alterations of BDNF exons are heavily involved in mediating memory functions and antidepressant effects. In this review, we discuss key research on stress-induced depression from both preclinical and clinical studies, which revealed that differential epigenetic regulation of specific BDNF exons is associated with depression pathophysiology. Considering that BDNF has a central role in depression, we argue that memory extinction, an adaptive response to fear exposure, is dependent on BDNF modulation and holds promise as a prospective target for alleviating or treating depression and anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Him Poon
- Neuromodulation Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Boon Chin Heng
- Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Department of Biological Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lee Wei Lim
- Neuromodulation Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Biological Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor, Malaysia
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880
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Wu H, Wu C, Wu F, Zhan Q, Peng H, Wang J, Zhao J, Ning Y, Zheng Y, She S. Covariation between Childhood-Trauma Related Resting-State Functional Connectivity and Affective Temperaments is Impaired in Individuals with Major Depressive Disorder. Neuroscience 2020; 453:102-112. [PMID: 32795554 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Affective temperaments and childhood-trauma experiences are associated with major depressive disorder (MDD). So far, how the covariation between distinct affective temperaments and childhood-trauma insulted brain functional connectivities (FCs) contribute to MDD remains unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate whether certain brain FC patterns are related to certain affective temperaments and whether the FCs contribute to depressive symptom dimensions of MDD patients. Twenty-nine medication-free MDD patients and 58 healthy controls underwent magnetic resonance imaging scanning and completed the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), and the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego (TEMPS). Two multivariate analyses of partial least squares (PLS) regression were used to explore the associations among childhood-trauma related resting-state FCs, affective temperaments and depressive symptom dimensions. In all participants, a linear combination of 81 FCs (involving parahippocampus, amygdala, cingulate cortex, insula, frontal-temporal-parietal-occipital cortex, pallidum, and cerebellum) were associated with a linear combination of increased depressive, irritable, anxious, and cyclothymic temperaments. Moreover, the covariation between the PLS FC profile and the PLS affective-temperament profile were enhanced in the MDD patients compared to healthy controls. In MDD participants alone, the affective-temperament modulated FC profile (mainly of the lingual and temporal cortex) was associated with the somatization symptom dimension when age, sex, ill-duration, age-of-onset, and HARS scores were adjusted. The findings imply possible neural correlates of affective temperaments and may find applications in intervention of the somatization-depression symptoms by stimulation of the related neural correlates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawang Wu
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Chao Wu
- School of Nursing, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Fengchun Wu
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Qianqian Zhan
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Hongjun Peng
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Jiaojian Wang
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 625014, China
| | - Jingping Zhao
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou 510370, China; The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Yuping Ning
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Yingjun Zheng
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China.
| | - Shenglin She
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou 510370, China.
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881
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Dattilo V, Amato R, Perrotti N, Gennarelli M. The Emerging Role of SGK1 (Serum- and Glucocorticoid-Regulated Kinase 1) in Major Depressive Disorder: Hypothesis and Mechanisms. Front Genet 2020; 11:826. [PMID: 32849818 PMCID: PMC7419621 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a heterogeneous psychiatric disease characterized by persistent low mood, diminished interests, and impaired cognitive and social functions. The multifactorial etiology of MDD is still largely unknown because of the complex genetic and environmental interactions involved. Therefore, no established mechanism can explain all the aspects of the disease. In this light, an extensive research about the pathophysiology of MDD has been carried out. Several pathogenic hypotheses, such as monoamines deficiency and neurobiological alterations in the stress-responsive system, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the immune system, have been proposed for MDD. Over time, remarkable studies, mainly on preclinical rodent models, linked the serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK1) to the main features of MDD. SGK1 is a serine/threonine kinase belonging to the AGK Kinase family. SGK1 is ubiquitously expressed, which plays a pivotal role in the hormonal regulation of several ion channels, carriers, pumps, and transcription factors or regulators. SGK1 expression is modulated by cell stress and hormones, including gluco- and mineralocorticoids. Compelling evidence suggests that increased SGK1 expression or function is related to the pathogenic stress hypothesis of major depression. Therefore, the first part of the present review highlights the putative role of SGK1 as a critical mediator in the dysregulation of the HPA axis, observed under chronic stress conditions, and its controversial role in the neuroinflammation as well. The second part depicts the negative regulation exerted by SGK1 in the expression of both the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), resulting in an anti-neurogenic activity. Finally, the review focuses on the antidepressant-like effects of anti-oxidative nutraceuticals in several preclinical model of depression, resulting from the restoration of the physiological expression and/or activity of SGK1, which leads to an increase in neurogenesis. In summary, the purpose of this review is a systematic analysis of literature depicting SGK1 as molecular junction of the complex mechanisms underlying the MDD in an effort to suggest the kinase as a potential biomarker and strategic target in modern molecular antidepressant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Dattilo
- Genetic Unit, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Rosario Amato
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.,Medical Genetics Unit, Mater Domini University Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola Perrotti
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.,Medical Genetics Unit, Mater Domini University Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Massimo Gennarelli
- Genetic Unit, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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882
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Zhang Q, Sun Y, He Z, Xu Y, Li X, Ding J, Lu M, Hu G. Kynurenine regulates NLRP2 inflammasome in astrocytes and its implications in depression. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 88:471-481. [PMID: 32283293 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased kynurenine (Kyn) metabolized from tryptophan (Try) is a biomarker in the immune dysfunction of depression. However, the mechanism by which Kyn change promotes depression is poorly defined. Astrocytes are involved in the neuroinflammation of depression. Among the numerous inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) produced by astrocytic Nod-like receptor protein (NLRP) inflammasome is crucial in the pathogenesis of depression. In the present study, Kyn was shown to be a proinflammatory metabolite in the neuroimmune signaling network mediating depressive-like behavior. First, in chronic mild stress (CMS)-induced depressive mice, the level of Kyn notably increased in the hippocampus, accompanied by the activation of astrocytic NLRP2 inflammasome. Kyn treatment specifically upregulated Nod-like receptor protein 2 (NLPR2) expression in primary mouse astrocytes. Kyn + ATP activated NLRP2 inflammasome, evidenced by increased caspase-1 expression and IL-1β release. After Kyn treatment, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) could translocate to the nucleus and bind the promoter of NLRP2, subsequently increased NLRP2 transcription in cultured astrocytes in vitro. Intraperitoneal injection of Kyn activated NLRP2 inflammasome in astrocytes of hippocampus in mice, while NLRP2 knockdown in astrocytes abolished depressive-like behaviors in mice induced by Kyn, suggesting the critical role of NLRP2 in Kyn-induced depression. These findings demonstrate a novel mechanism that Kyn upregulates NLRP2 in an NF-κB-dependent pathway and provide a new strategy for treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yiming Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Zhang He
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xueting Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jianhua Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.
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883
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Wang B, Huang X, Pan X, Zhang T, Hou C, Su WJ, Liu LL, Li JM, Wang YX. Minocycline prevents the depressive-like behavior through inhibiting the release of HMGB1 from microglia and neurons. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 88:132-143. [PMID: 32553784 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous study reports the causal role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in the development of depression; and we find glycyrrhizic acid (GZA) can be a potential treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) considering its inhibition of HMGB1 activity. This study aims to further explore the exact cell types that release HMGB1 in the hippocampus. METHODS We detected the effects of microglia conditioned medium on primary astrocytes and neurons. The effects of minocycline on depressive-like behaviors were tested in BABLB/c mice after four weeks of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) exposure. Furthermore, the immunofluorescence (IF) assays, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and TUNEL staining were used to observe hippocampal slices to evaluate the release of HMGB1. The cytoplasmic translocations of HMGB1 protein were assayed by western-blot. RESULTS Exposure to CUMS caused an active release of HMGB1 from microglia and neurons in the hippocampus. After minocycline administration for inhibiting the activation of microglia, both microglia and neurons reduced the release of HMGB1 and the protein level of central and peripheral HMGB1 recovered accordingly. Along with blocking the release of HMGB1, behavioral and cognitive deficits induced by CUMS were improved significantly by minocycline. In addition, the supernatant of primary microglia stimulated the secretion of HMGB1 in primary neurons, not in astrocytes, at 24 h after 4 h-LPS treatment. CONCLUSION All the evidence supported our hypotheses that microglia and neurons are the main cell sources of HMGB1 release under CUMS condition, and that the release of HMGB1 by microglia may play an important role in the development of depressive-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Nautical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Department of Stress Medicine, Faculty of Psychology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Department of Medicine, The Unit 31641 of PLA, Xishuangbanna 666100, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 201112, China
| | - Xiao Pan
- Department of Medical Psychology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Nautical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Cheng Hou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wen-Jun Su
- Department of Stress Medicine, Faculty of Psychology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lin-Lin Liu
- Department of Stress Medicine, Faculty of Psychology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jia-Mei Li
- Department of Stress Medicine, Faculty of Psychology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yun-Xia Wang
- Department of Nautical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Department of Medical Psychology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
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884
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Lamers F, Milaneschi Y, Vinkers CH, Schoevers RA, Giltay EJ, Penninx BWJH. Depression profilers and immuno-metabolic dysregulation: Longitudinal results from the NESDA study. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 88:174-183. [PMID: 32272220 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is linked to higher cardio-metabolic comorbidity that may in part be due to the low-grade inflammation and poorer metabolic health observed in MDD. Heterogeneity of MDD is however large, and immune-inflammatory and metabolic dysregulation is present in only part of the MDD cases. We examined the associations of four depression dimensional profilers (atypical energy-related symptom dimension, melancholic symptom dimension, childhood trauma severity, and anxious distress symptom dimension) with immuno-metabolic outcomes, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. METHODS Three waves covering a 6-year follow-up (>7000 observations) of the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA) were used. Depression profilers were based on the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the Childhood Trauma index. An inflammatory index (based on IL-6 and CRP), a metabolic syndrome index (based on the five metabolic syndrome components), and a combination of these two indices were constructed. Mixed models were used for cross-sectional and longitudinal models, controlling for covariates. RESULTS Of the four depression profilers, only the atypical, energy-related symptom dimension showed robust associations with higher scores on the inflammatory, metabolic syndrome and combined inflammatory-metabolic indexes cross-sectionally, as well as at follow-up. The melancholic symptom dimension was associated with lower scores on the metabolic syndrome index both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. CONCLUSION The atypical energy-related symptom dimension was linked to poorer immune-inflammatory and metabolic health, while the melancholic symptom dimension was linked to relatively better metabolic health. Persons with high atypical energy-related symptom burden, representing an immuno-metabolic depression, may be the most important group to target in prevention programs for cardiometabolic disease, and may benefit most from treatments targeting immuno-metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke Lamers
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christiaan H Vinkers
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Department of Anatomy and Neurosiences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert A Schoevers
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik J Giltay
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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885
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Medeiros GC, Rush AJ, Jha M, Carmody T, Furman JL, Czysz AH, Trombello JM, Cooper CM, Trivedi MH. Positive and negative valence systems in major depression have distinct clinical features, response to antidepressants, and relationships with immunomarkers. Depress Anxiety 2020; 37:771-783. [PMID: 32187776 PMCID: PMC9900948 DOI: 10.1002/da.23006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterogeneity in major depressive disorder (MDD) is well recognized but not well understood. Core depressive features are reward and emotional symptoms, which reflect dysfunctions in the positive valence (PV) and negative valence (NV) systems, respectively. This study assessed whether PV and NV systems (based on selected symptoms) were associated with different clinical features, antidepressant response, and levels of immunomarkers in adults with MDD. METHODS These analyses used data from combining medications to enhance depression outcomes study (N = 665; n = 166 for immunomarkers). PV and NV symptom scores were extracted from the clinician-rated 30-item Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology. Correlational analyses were conducted. RESULTS PV and NV symptom scores were substantially associated with different clinical features. PV symptoms (impaired motivation, impaired energy, and anhedonia) were independently associated with female gender (p < .001), older age (p = .012), and higher cognitive and physical impairment (p < .001) according to the 7-item Cognitive and Physical Functioning Questionnaire. Conversely, NV symptoms (anxiety and interpersonal sensitivity) were independently associated with younger age (p = .013), more anxious comorbidities (p = .001 for generalized anxiety disorder and p = .002 for social phobia) and other commonly associated noncriterion symptoms (p < .001). Overall, PV symptoms were more responsive to antidepressants than NV symptoms (p < .0001; Cohen's d = .455). A PV symptom score was positively correlated with the concentration of three proinflammatory and one anti-inflammatory factor. In contrast, an NV symptom score was negatively associated with only one proinflammatory immunomarker. CONCLUSIONS PV and NV system functions appear to be reflected in selected clinical symptoms that differentially relate to other clinical features, treatment outcomes, and immunological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo C. Medeiros
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - A. John Rush
- Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore,Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech Health Science Center, Permian Basin, TX, USA
| | - Manish Jha
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA,Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Carmody
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Furman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Andrew H. Czysz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Joseph M. Trombello
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Crystal M. Cooper
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Madhukar H. Trivedi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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886
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Rohde C, Brink P, Østergaard SD, Nielsen J. The use of stimulants in depression: Results from a self-controlled register study. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2020; 54:808-817. [PMID: 32447969 DOI: 10.1177/0004867420924076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effectiveness of stimulants in patients with depression, by using naturalistic outcome measures, such as psychiatric admissions, psychiatric bed-days and incidents of intentional self-harm or suicide attempts. METHODS Via linkage of the Danish nationwide health registers, we identified all patients with a diagnosis of depression initiating stimulants, including methylphenidate, modafinil, amphetamine, dexamphetamine or lisdexamphetamine, from 1995 to 2012. We used a mirror-image model to test whether redemption of a stimulant prescription was associated with a reduction in psychiatric admissions, inpatient days and incidents of intentional self-harm or suicide attempts. Specifically, the number of these outcomes in the 2 years leading up to redemption of a stimulant prescription was compared to the two subsequent years. Similar outcomes were used in a reverse mirror-image model to investigate the effect of stimulant termination. RESULTS A total of 3354, 935 and 105 patients diagnosed with depression redeemed prescriptions for methylphenidate, modafinil or amphetamine/dexamphetamine/lisdexamphetamine, respectively. Initiation of methylphenidate was not associated with a significant change in psychiatric admissions (mean: -0.02 admissions, p = 0.11) or inpatient days (mean: 0.13 days, p = 0.74). Similar findings were made for modafinil and the amphetamines. In addition, no clinically relevant change in psychiatric admissions or inpatient days was found after termination of a stimulant. After initiation of methylphenidate, the incidents of self-harm or suicide attempts were reduced by 54%, from 68 to 31 events (p = 0.004). No significant change in incidents of self-harm or suicide attempts were found for modafinil or the amphetamines. CONCLUSION This nationwide study, using naturalistic outcomes, does not support the use of stimulants in patients with depression. However, the use of methylphenidate was associated with a 54% reduction in incidents of self-harm or suicide attempts, indicating that methylphenidate may potentially be useful in patients with depression with suicidal- or self-harming behaviour. However, further studies are needed, before any firm conclusions can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Rohde
- Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital-Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Psykiatrisk Center Glostrup (Mental Health Center), Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Philip Brink
- Department of Oncology, Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Søren D Østergaard
- Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital-Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jimmi Nielsen
- Psykiatrisk Center Glostrup (Mental Health Center), Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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887
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Discovery of monoamine oxidase A inhibitory peptides from hairtail (Trichiurus japonicus) using in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion and in silico studies. Bioorg Chem 2020; 101:104032. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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888
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Depression-Associated Gene Negr1-Fgfr2 Pathway Is Altered by Antidepressant Treatment. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081818. [PMID: 32751911 PMCID: PMC7464991 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Negr1 gene has been significantly associated with major depression in genetic studies. Negr1 encodes for a cell adhesion molecule cleaved by the protease Adam10, thus activating Fgfr2 and promoting neuronal spine plasticity. We investigated whether antidepressants modulate the expression of genes belonging to Negr1-Fgfr2 pathway in Flinders sensitive line (FSL) rats, in a corticosterone-treated mouse model of depression, and in mouse primary neurons. Negr1 and Adam10 were the genes mostly affected by antidepressant treatment, and in opposite directions. Negr1 was down-regulated by escitalopram in the hypothalamus of FSL rats, by fluoxetine in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of corticosterone-treated mice, and by nortriptyline in hippocampal primary neurons. Adam10 mRNA was increased by nortriptyline administration in the hypothalamus, by escitalopram in the hippocampus of FSL rats, and by fluoxetine in mouse dorsal dentate gyrus. Similarly, nortriptyline increased Adam10 expression in hippocampal cultures. Fgfr2 expression was increased by nortriptyline in the hypothalamus of FSL rats and in hippocampal neurons. Lsamp, another IgLON family protein, increased in mouse dentate gyrus after fluoxetine treatment. These findings suggest that Negr1-Fgfr2 pathway plays a role in the modulation of synaptic plasticity induced by antidepressant treatment to promote therapeutic efficacy by rearranging connectivity in corticolimbic circuits impaired in depression.
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889
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Chen MH, Chang WC, Lin WC, Tu PC, Li CT, Bai YM, Tsai SJ, Huang WS, Su TP. Functional Dysconnectivity of Frontal Cortex to Striatum Predicts Ketamine Infusion Response in Treatment-Resistant Depression. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 23:791-798. [PMID: 32726408 PMCID: PMC7770518 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyaa056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frontostriatal disconnectivity plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder. However, whether the baseline functional connectivity of the frontostriatal network could predict the treatment outcome of low-dose ketamine infusion remains unknown. METHODS In total, 48 patients with treatment-resistant depression were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups (a single-dose 40-minute i.v. infusion) as follows: 0.5 mg/kg ketamine, 0.2 mg/kg ketamine, and saline placebo infusion. Patients were subsequently followed-up for 2 weeks. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed for each patient before infusion administration. In addition, the baseline frontostriatal functional connectivity of patients with treatment-resistant depression was also compared with that of healthy controls. RESULTS Compared with the healthy controls, patients with treatment-resistant depression had a decreased functional connectivity in the frontostriatal circuits, especially between the right superior frontal cortex and executive region of the striatum and between the right paracingulate cortex and rostral-motor region of the striatum. The baseline hypoconnectivity of the bilateral superior frontal cortex to the executive region of the striatum was associated with a greater reduction of depression symptoms after a single 0.2-mg/kg ketamine infusion. CONCLUSION Reduced connectivity of the superior frontal cortex to the striatum predicted the response to ketamine infusion among patients with treatment-resistant depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Hong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chen Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of biomedical engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chi Tu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan,Institute of Philosophy of Mind and Cognition, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ta Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Mei Bai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Sheng Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, and Division of Radiology Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Ping Su
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Psychiatry, General Cheng Hsin Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Correspondence: Tung-Ping Su, MD, Department of Psychiatry, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, No.45, Cheng Hsin St., Taipei 112, Taiwan ()
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890
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Roman C, Egert L, Di Benedetto B. Astrocytic-neuronal crosstalk gets jammed: Alternative perspectives on the onset of neuropsychiatric disorders. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 54:5717-5729. [PMID: 32644273 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Investigating interactions of glia cells and synapses during development and in adulthood is the focus of several research programmes which aim at understanding the neurobiology of brain physiological and pathological processes. Both glia-specific released and membrane-bound proteins play essential roles in the development, maintenance and functionality of synaptic connections. Alterations in synaptic contacts in specific brain areas are hallmarks of several brain diseases, such as major depressive disorder, autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. Thus, a deeper knowledge about putative astrocyte dysfunctions which might affect the synaptic compartment is warranted to improve treatment options. Here, we present the latest advances about the role of glia cells in orchestrating the arrangement of synapses and neuronal networks in physiological and pathological states. We specifically focus on the role of astrocytes in the phagocytosis of neuronal synapses as a novel mechanism which drives the refinement of neuronal circuits and might be affected in pathological conditions. Finally, we propose this astrocyte-dependent mechanism as a putative alternative target of pharmacological interventions for the treatment of brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Roman
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Luisa Egert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Di Benedetto
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Regensburg Center of Neuroscience, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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891
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Sanabria-Mazo JP, Forero CG, Cristobal-Narváez P, Suso-Ribera C, García-Palacios A, Colomer-Carbonell A, Pérez-Aranda A, Andrés-Rodríguez L, McCracken LM, D'Amico F, Estivill-Rodríguez P, Carreras-Marcos B, Montes-Pérez A, Comps-Vicente O, Esteve M, Grasa M, Rosa A, Cuesta-Vargas AI, Maes M, Borràs X, Edo S, Sanz A, Feliu-Soler A, Castaño-Asins JR, Luciano JV. Efficacy, cost-utility and physiological effects of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Behavioural Activation Treatment for Depression (BATD) in patients with chronic low back pain and depression: study protocol of a randomised, controlled trial including mobile-technology-based ecological momentary assessment (IMPACT study). BMJ Open 2020; 10:e038107. [PMID: 32709656 PMCID: PMC7380881 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The IMPACT study focuses on chronic low back pain (CLBP) and depression symptoms, a prevalent and complex problem that represents a challenge for health professionals. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Brief Behavioural Activation Treatment for Depression (BATD) are effective treatments for patients with persistent pain and depression, respectively. The objectives of this 12 month, multicentre, randomised, controlled trial (RCT) are (i) to examine the efficacy and cost-utility of adding a group-based form of ACT or BATD to treatment-as-usual (TAU) for patients with CLBP and moderate to severe levels of depressive symptoms; (ii) identify pre-post differences in levels of some physiological variables and (iii) analyse the role of polymorphisms in the FKBP5 gene, psychological process measures and physiological variables as mediators or moderators of long-term clinical changes. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Participants will be 225 patients with CLBP and moderate to severe depression symptoms recruited at Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu (St. Boi de Llobregat, Spain) and Hospital del Mar (Barcelona, Spain), randomly allocated to one of the three study arms: TAU vs TAU+ACT versus TAU+BATD. A comprehensive assessment to collect clinical variables and costs will be conducted pretreatment, post-treatment and at 12 months follow-up, being pain interference the primary outcome measure. The following physiological variables will be considered at pretreatment and post-treatment assessments in 50% of the sample: immune-inflammatory markers, hair cortisol and cortisone, serum cortisol, corticosteroid-binding globulin and vitamin D. Polymorphisms in the FKBP5 gene (rs3800373, rs9296158, rs1360780, rs9470080 and rs4713916) will be analysed at baseline assessment. Moreover, we will include mobile-technology-based ecological momentary assessment, through the Pain Monitor app, to track ongoing clinical status during ACT and BATD treatments. Linear mixed-effects models using restricted maximum likelihood, and a full economic evaluation applying bootstrapping techniques, acceptability curves and sensitivity analyses will be computed. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Fundació Sant Joan de Déu and Hospital del Mar. The results will be actively disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conference presentations, social media and various community engagement activities. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04140838.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Sanabria-Mazo
- Department of Basic, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, International University of Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Carlos G Forero
- Department of Medicine, International University of Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Cristobal-Narváez
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain
- Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Suso-Ribera
- Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Azucena García-Palacios
- Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ariadna Colomer-Carbonell
- Department of Basic, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Adrián Pérez-Aranda
- Department of Basic, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Consorci Parc de Salut MAR de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Laura Andrés-Rodríguez
- Department of Basic, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Francesco D'Amico
- Personal Social Services Research Unit, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Montserrat Esteve
- Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Grasa
- Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Araceli Rosa
- Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio I Cuesta-Vargas
- Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Malaga & Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain
| | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Xavier Borràs
- Department of Basic, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Edo
- Department of Basic, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Sanz
- Department of Basic, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Feliu-Soler
- Department of Basic, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain
| | | | - Juan V Luciano
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain
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892
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Li J, Wang H, Du C, Jin X, Geng Y, Han B, Ma Q, Li Q, Wang Q, Guo Y, Wang M, Yan B. hUC-MSCs ameliorated CUMS-induced depression by modulating complement C3 signaling-mediated microglial polarization during astrocyte-microglia crosstalk. Brain Res Bull 2020; 163:109-119. [PMID: 32681971 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) has been shown to be related to immune inflammation and the complement system. Previous studies have suggested that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) play an important role in inflammatory diseases. METHODS hUC-MSCs were administered into chronic unpredictable mild stress model (CUMS) mice through the tail vein once a week for 4 weeks. After the administration of hUC-MSCs, the depression-like and anxiety-like phenotypes, neuronal histopathology, synaptic-related protein expression and inflammatory index of the mice were assessed. Microglial M1/M2 polarization and the expression of C3a in astrocytes and C3aR in microglia was detected by immunofluorescence co-localization. Then, CUMS mice were injected with a C3aR antagonist, and the expression of C3a and C3aR and microglial polarization were observed. RESULTS Based on the sucrose preference and tail suspension tests, hUC-MSCs ameliorated the depression-like behaviors of CUMS mice. Additionally, the anxiety-like behaviors of CUMS mice in the open-field and plus-maze tests were improved after the administration of hUC-MSCs. hUC-MSCs altered microglia polarization by alleviating complement C3a-C3aR signaling activation, which decreased pro-inflammatory factor levels and increased anti-inflammatory factor levels, alleviating neuronal damage and synaptic deficits. CONCLUSION hUC-MSCs have therapeutic effects on anxiety-like and depressive-like phenotypes caused by CUMS. They can alter the polarization of microglia by inhibiting C3a-C3aR signaling to reduce neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China; Brain Aging and Cognitive Neuroscience Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Hualong Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China; Brain Aging and Cognitive Neuroscience Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Chongbo Du
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China; Brain Aging and Cognitive Neuroscience Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Xiaojing Jin
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China; Brain Aging and Cognitive Neuroscience Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Yuan Geng
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China; Brain Aging and Cognitive Neuroscience Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China; Brain Aging and Cognitive Neuroscience Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Qinying Ma
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China; Brain Aging and Cognitive Neuroscience Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Quanhai Li
- Cell Therapy Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050031, China; Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Basic Medical College, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China
| | - Yidi Guo
- Basic Medical College, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China
| | - Mingwei Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China; Brain Aging and Cognitive Neuroscience Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China.
| | - Baoyong Yan
- Cell Therapy Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050031, China.
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893
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Abstract
The hypothalamus is a limbic structure involved in the emergence and persistence of major depressive disorder symptoms. Previous studies have indicated that major depressive disorder patients exhibited dysregulation between the hypothalamus and cerebral regions. However, it is still unclear about the exact hypothalamic functional connectivity patterns with other brain regions based on resting-state functional MRI in major depressive disorder. Here, we investigated the whole-brain voxel-based hypothalamic resting-state functional connectivity in 55 patients with major depressive disorder and 40 age sex-matched healthy controls. The results showed that major depressive disorder patients had a significant decrease in resting-state functional connectivity of the bilateral hypothalamus with the right insula, superior temporal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, and Rolandic operculum compared with healthy controls. This study suggests that the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder might be associated with the abnormal hypothalamic resting-state functional connectivity.
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894
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Kokkosis AG, Tsirka SE. Neuroimmune Mechanisms and Sex/Gender-Dependent Effects in the Pathophysiology of Mental Disorders. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 375:175-192. [PMID: 32661057 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.266163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate and adaptive immune mechanisms have emerged as critical regulators of CNS homeostasis and mental health. A plethora of immunologic factors have been reported to interact with emotion- and behavior-related neuronal circuits, modulating susceptibility and resilience to mental disorders. However, it remains unclear whether immune dysregulation is a cardinal causal factor or an outcome of the pathologies associated with mental disorders. Emerging variations in immune regulatory pathways based on sex differences provide an additional framework for discussion in these psychiatric disorders. In this review, we present the current literature pertaining to the effects that disrupted immune pathways have in mental disorder pathophysiology, including immune dysregulation in CNS and periphery, microglial activation, and disturbances of the blood-brain barrier. In addition, we present the suggested origins of such immune dysregulation and discuss the gender and sex influence of the neuroimmune substrates that contribute to mental disorders. The findings challenge the conventional view of these disorders and open the window to a diverse spectrum of innovative therapeutic targets that focus on the immune-specific pathophenotypes in neuronal circuits and behavior. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The involvement of gender-dependent inflammatory mechanisms on the development of mental pathologies is gaining momentum. This review addresses these novel factors and presents the accumulating evidence introducing microglia and proinflammatory elements as critical components and potential targets for the treatment of mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros G Kokkosis
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Stella E Tsirka
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
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895
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Cao B, Deng R, Wang D, Li L, Ren Z, Xu L, Gao X. Association between arginine catabolism and major depressive disorder: A protocol for the systematic review and meta-analysis of metabolic pathway. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21068. [PMID: 32629736 PMCID: PMC7337538 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in the levels of arginine and its related catabolic products (ie, ornithine, citrulline, and argininosuccinate) in the urea and nitric oxide cycles were reported to play roles in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD). The aim of this meta-analysis study is to explore the associations between arginine with its related catabolic products and MDD, and to discuss the possible role of arginine catabolism in the pathoetiology of MDD. METHODS This study will be conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The English language literature published in the databases of PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Web of Science will be systematically searched. Forest plots will be used to estimate the associations between arginine and its related catabolic products with MDD. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression will also be performed to investigate the source of the potential heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis will be performed to strengthen the results and to investigate whether any single study would have a significant effect on the results of meta-analysis. Publication bias will be tested for using the funnel plot with Begg test and Egger test. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale will be applied to assess the risk of bias of observational studies. RESULTS An integrated assessment of arginine with its related catabolic products may contribute to predict the risk of MDD. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The results of associations between arginine with its related catabolic products and MDD will be reported in a peer-reviewed publication. With our findings from this meta-analysis, we hope to provide the most up-to-date evidence for the contributions of arginine and related catabolic products to predict the risk of MDD. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION The protocol of current meta-analysis has been registered at the Open Science Framework [Available at: https://doi.org/10.17605/osf.io/7fn59].
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Southwest University
| | - Runze Deng
- Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital
- Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital
| | | | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education
| | - Zhongyu Ren
- College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lixin Xu
- Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital
- Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital
| | - Xiao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Southwest University
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896
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Chun JY, Sendi MSE, Sui J, Zhi D, Calhoun VD. Visualizing Functional Network Connectivity Difference between Healthy Control and Major Depressive Disorder Using an Explainable Machine-learning Method. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2020; 2020:1424-1427. [PMID: 33018257 DOI: 10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a complex mental disorder characterized by a persistent sad feeling and depressed mood. Recent studies reported differences between healthy control (HC) and MDD by looking to brain networks including default mode and cognitive control networks. More recently there has been interest in studying the brain using advanced machine learning-based classification approaches. However, interpreting the model used in the classification between MDD and HC has not been explored yet. In the current study, we classified MDD from HC by estimating whole-brain connectivity using several classification methods including support vector machine, random forest, XGBoost, and convolutional neural network. In addition, we leveraged the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) approach as a feature learning method to model the difference between these two groups. We found a consistent result among all classification method in regard of the classification accuracy and feature learning. Also, we highlighted the role of other brain networks particularly visual and sensory motor network in the classification between MDD and HC subjects.
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897
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Zendehrouh E, Sendi MSE, Sui J, Fu Z, Zhi D, Lv L, Ma X, Ke Q, Li X, Wang C, Abbott CC, Turner JA, Miller RL, Calhoun VD. Aberrant Functional Network Connectivity Transition Probability in Major Depressive Disorder. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2020; 2020:1493-1496. [PMID: 33018274 PMCID: PMC8233065 DOI: 10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and serious mental disorder characterized by a persistent negative feeling and tremendous sadness. In recent decades, several studies used functional network connectivity (FNC), estimated from resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), to investigate the biological signature of MDD. However, the majority of them have ignored the temporal change of brain interaction by focusing on static FNC (sFNC). Dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) that explores temporal patterns of functional connectivity (FC) might provide additional information to its static counterpart. In the current study, by applying k-means clustering on dFNC of MDD and healthy subjects (HCs), we estimated 5 different states. Next, we use the hidden Markov model as a potential biomarker to differentiate the dFNC pattern of MDD patients from HCs. Comparing MDD and HC subjects' hidden Markov model (HMM) features, we have highlighted the role of transition probabilities between states as potential biomarkers and identified that transition probability from a lightly- connected state to highly connected one reduces as symptom severity increases in MDD subjects.Index Terms- Major depressive disorder, Dynamic functional network connectivity, Machine learning, Resting- state functional magnetic resonance imaging, Hidden Markov model.
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898
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Han KM, Tae WS, Kim A, Kang Y, Kang W, Kang J, Kim YK, Kim B, Seong JY, Ham BJ. Serum FAM19A5 levels: A novel biomarker for neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in major depressive disorder. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 87:852-859. [PMID: 32217080 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic low-grade inflammation contributes to the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). This study aimed to examine the association between serum levels of FAM19A5, a novel chemokine-like peptide that reflects reactive astrogliosis and inflammatory activation in the brain, and the neurodegenerative changes of MDD by investigating the correlation between serum FAM19A5 levels and cortical thickness changes in patients with MDD. We included 52 drug-naïve patients with MDD and 60 healthy controls (HCs). Serum FAM19A5 levels were determined in peripheral venous blood samples using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All participants underwent T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging. Serum FAM19A5 levels were greater in patients with MDD than in HCs. In the MDD group, there were significant inverse correlations between serum FAM19A5 levels and cortical thickness in the prefrontal regions (i.e., the left inferior and right medial superior frontal gyri), left posterior cingulate gyrus, right cuneus, and both precunei, which showed significantly reduced thickness in patients with MDD compared to HCs. However, no correlation between serum FAM19A5 level and cortical thickness was observed in the HC group. The results of our study indicate that serum FAM19A5 levels may reflect reactive astrogliosis and related neuroinflammation in MDD. Our findings also suggest that serum FAM19A5 may be a potential biomarker for the neurodegenerative changes of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Man Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Suk Tae
- Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Aram Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youbin Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooyoung Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - June Kang
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Ku Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jae Young Seong
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byung-Joo Ham
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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899
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Qin X, Wang W, Wu H, Liu D, Wang R, Xu J, Jiang H, Pan F. PPARγ-mediated microglial activation phenotype is involved in depressive-like behaviors and neuroinflammation in stressed C57BL/6J and ob/ob mice. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020; 117:104674. [PMID: 32422516 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an increased risk for obese patients with chronic low-grade inflammation to develop depression. Stress induces microglial activation and neuroinflammation that play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of depression. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), a nuclear transcription factor, regulates microglial polarization and neuroinflammation. Our study aimed to investigate the role of PPARγ in the development of depressive symptoms and neuroinflammation induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) in wild-type/C57BL/6J (wt) and leptin-deficient (ob/ob) mice. METHODS CUMS was used to build a depression model with wt and ob/ob mice. Depressive-like behaviors were evaluated by sucrose preference test, open field test, tail suspension test, and Morris water maze test. Cytokines, the activated microglial state, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and PPARγ expression in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HIP) were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunofluorescence, and western blotting. Additionally, pioglitazone, an agonist of PPARγ, was used as a treatment intervention. RESULTS After CUMS, ob/ob mice exhibited severe behavioral disorders and spatial memory impairment, and higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, M1/M2 ratios, and NF-κB activation, as well as lower levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines and PPARγ expression in the PFC and HIP compared to wt mice. Administration of pioglitazone relieved these alterations in wt and ob/ob mice. CONCLUSIONS CUMS was able to induce severe depressive-like behaviors, neuroinflammation, and reduced expression of PPARγ in ob/ob mice as compared to wt mice. This suggests that PPARγ mediates the microglial activation phenotype, which might be related to the susceptibility of stressed ob/ob mice to develop depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaqing Qin
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Huiran Wu
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Dexiang Liu
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Fang Pan
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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900
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Trambaiolli LR, Biazoli CE. Resting-state global EEG connectivity predicts depression and anxiety severity. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2020; 2020:3707-3710. [PMID: 33018806 DOI: 10.1109/embc44109.2020.9176161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
There is a recent interest in finding neurophysiological biomarkers which will facilitate the diagnosis and understanding of the neural basis of different psychiatric disorders. In this paper, we evaluated the resting-state global EEG connectivity as a potential biomarker for depressive and anxiety symptoms. For this, we evaluated a population of 119 subjects, including 75 healthy subjects and 44 patients with major depressive disorder. We calculated the global connectivity (spectral coherence) in a setup of 60 EEG channels, for six different spectral bands: theta, alpha1, alpha2, beta1, beta2, and gamma. These global connectivity scores were used to train a Support Vector Regressor to predict symptoms measured by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory (TAI). Experiments showed a significant prediction of both symptoms, with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 8.07±6.98 and 11.52±8.7 points, respectively. Among the most discriminating features, the global connectivity in the alpha2 band (10.0-12.0Hz) presented significantly positive Spearman's correlation with the depressive (rho = 0.32, pFDR <0.01), and the anxiety symptoms (rho = 0.26, pFDR<0.01).Clinical relevance-This study demonstrates that EEG global connectivity can be used to predict depression and anxiety symptoms measured by widely used questionnaires.
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