851
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Zhu W, Yang B, Komatsu S, Lu X, Li X, Tian J. Binary stress induces an increase in indole alkaloid biosynthesis in Catharanthus roseus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015. [PMID: 26284098 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00582/1664-462x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Catharanthus roseus is an important medicinal plant, which produces a variety of indole alkaloids of significant pharmaceutical relevance. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the potential stress-induced increase of indole alkaloid biosynthesis in C. roseus using proteomic technique. The contents of the detectable alkaloids ajmalicine, vindoline, catharanthine, and strictosidine in C. roseus were significantly increased under binary stress. Proteomic analysis revealed that the abundance of proteins related to tricarboxylic acid cycle and cell wall was largely increased; while, that of proteins related to tetrapyrrole synthesis and photosynthesis was decreased. Of note, 10-hydroxygeraniol oxidoreductase, which is involved in the biosynthesis of indole alkaloid was two-fold more abundant in treated group compared to the control. In addition, mRNA expression levels of genes involved in the indole alkaloid biosynthetic pathway indicated an up-regulation in their transcription in C. roseus under UV-B irradiation. These results suggest that binary stress might negatively affect the process of photosynthesis in C. roseus. In addition, the induction of alkaloid biosynthesis appears to be responsive to binary stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingxian Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University Hangzhou, China
| | - Setsuko Komatsu
- National Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Xiaoping Lu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University Hangzhou, China
| | - Ximin Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingkui Tian
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University Hangzhou, China ; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou, China
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852
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Choudhury S, Sharma P. Aluminum stress inhibits root growth and alters physiological and metabolic responses in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2014; 85:63-70. [PMID: 25394801 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) roots were treated with aluminum (Al3+) in calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution (pH 4.7) and growth responses along with physiological and metabolic changes were investigated. Al3+ treatment for 7d resulted in a dose dependent decline of seed germination and inhibition of root growth. A significant (p ≤ 0.05) decline in fresh and dry biomass were observed after 7d of Al3+ stress.The root growth (length) was inhibited after 24 and 48 h of stress imposition. The hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) with respect to control in Al3+ treated roots. The hematoxylin and Evans blue assay indicated significant (p ≤ 0.05) accumulation of Al3+ in the roots and loss of plasma membrane integrity respectively. The time-course evaluation of lipid peroxidation showed increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) after 12, 24 and 48 h of stress imposition. Al3+ treatment did not alter the MDA levels after 2 or 4 h of stress, however, a minor increase was observed after 6 and 10 h of treatment. The proton (1H) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of the perchloric acid extracts showed variation in the abundance of metabolites and suggested a major metabolic shift in chickpea root during Al3+ stress. The key differences that were observed include changes in energy metabolites. Accumulation of phenolic compounds suggested its possible role in Al3+ exclusion in roots during stress. The results suggested that Al3+ alters growth pattern in chickpea and induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production that causes physiological and metabolic changes.
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853
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Galasso S, Pacifico S, Kretschmer N, Pan SP, Marciano S, Piccolella S, Monaco P, Bauer R. Influence of seasonal variation on Thymus longicaulis C. Presl chemical composition and its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2014; 107:80-90. [PMID: 25239551 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Thymus longicaulis C. Presl. (Lamiaceae) is a small aromatic perennial herb typical of the Illyric-Mediterranean flora, traditionally used as remedy for cold, flu, cough, nephritis and abdominal pain. In order to carry out a thorough chemical and biological screening of the plant and to explore phenophases influence on its polyphenol content, samples of the plant were collected at different phases during its life cycle (July/October 2012 and January/April 2013). Each sample, previously extracted using a hydroalcoholic solution, was phytochemically analyzed for its metabolic constitution applying LC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS techniques. Although identified metabolites were differently concentrated at the various collection times, T. longicaulis leaf extracts were mainly constituted by low molecular weight phenols, and flavonoids. Rosmarinic acid was found as the main metabolite in Oct12 sample. Chemopreventive efficacy of the investigated extracts, by means of their anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic and antioxidant activities, was assessed. To this purpose, each extract underwent an extensive screening towards five human cell lines: CCRF-CEM (leukemia); U251 (glioblastoma); MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer); HCT-116 (colon cancer) and MRC-5 (lung fibroblasts) through XTT [2,3bis(2-metoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-2H tetrazolium hydroxide] test. The ability of the extracts to counteract cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression was also evaluated by COX-2 expression assay in human THP-1 monocyte-derived macrophages. COX-2 inhibition could represent a valuable anticancer strategy as it is associated with carcinogenesis and over-expressed in a variety of human malignancies. Oct12 extract, which was particularly rich in rosmarinic acid and methylapigenin, exhibited a strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Galasso
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Severina Pacifico
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100 Caserta, Italy.
| | - Nadine Kretschmer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department Pharmacognosy, Karl-Franzens University Graz, Universitaetsplatz 4/1, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - San-Po Pan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department Pharmacognosy, Karl-Franzens University Graz, Universitaetsplatz 4/1, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Sabina Marciano
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Simona Piccolella
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Pietro Monaco
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Rudolf Bauer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department Pharmacognosy, Karl-Franzens University Graz, Universitaetsplatz 4/1, 8010 Graz, Austria
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854
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Proteomics analysis of Mahonia bealei leaves with induction of alkaloids via combinatorial peptide ligand libraries. J Proteomics 2014; 110:59-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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855
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Sivaci A, Kaya A, Duman S. Effects of ascorbic acid on some physiological changes of pepino (Solanum muricatum Ait.) under chilling stress. ACTA BIOLOGICA HUNGARICA 2014; 65:305-18. [PMID: 25194734 DOI: 10.1556/abiol.65.2014.3.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the changes caused by chilling stress on some physiological parameters of pepino (Solanum muricatum Ait.) plant and the effects of ascorbic acid (100 mM) applied exogenously on these changes were examined. For this purpose, the photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophylls and carotenoids), ascorbic acid, total phenolic compounds, malondialdehyde and proline contents in leaves of pepino taken on 5th and 10th days were determined. As a result of chilling stress, it was found that while the photosynthetic pigments and proline contents decreased in pepino leaves, the ascorbic acid, total phenolic compounds and malondialdehyde contents increased. In plants which were subjected to pre-treatment of ascorbic acid on the 10th day of stress, ascorbic acid and proline contents increased while a decrease was observed in malondialdehyde content, compared to stress group without pre-treated. This study may be important for explaining resistance induced by treatment of exogenous ascorbic acid in pepino exposed to chilling stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysel Sivaci
- Adiyaman University Department of Biology, Art and Science Faculty Adiyaman Turkey
| | - A Kaya
- Adiyaman University Department of Plant and Animal Production, Kahta Vocational School Adiyaman Turkey
| | - Sevcan Duman
- Adiyaman University Graduate School of Sciences Adiyaman Turkey
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856
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Zahir A, Abbasi BH, Adil M, Anjum S, Zia M, Ihsan-Ul-Haq. Synergistic effects of drought stress and photoperiods on phenology and secondary metabolism of Silybum marianum. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 174:693-707. [PMID: 25086921 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1098-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Silybum marianum is an important medicinal plant of the family Asteraceae, well known for its set of bioactive isomeric mixture of secondary metabolites "silymarin", primarily acting as a hepato-protective agent. Abiotic stress augments plant secondary metabolism in different plant tissues to withstand harsh environmental fluctuations. In the current study, our aim was to induce drought stress in vitro on S. marianum under the influence of different photoperiod treatments to study the effects, with respect to variations in secondary metabolic profile and plant growth and development. S. marianum was extremely vulnerable to different levels of mannitol-induced drought stress. Water deficiency inhibited root induction completely and retarded plant growth was observed; however, phytochemical analysis revealed enhanced accumulation of total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total protein content along with several antioxidative enzymes. Secondary metabolic content was positively regulated with increasing degree of drought stress. A dependent correlation of seed germination frequency at mild drought stress and antioxidative activities was established with 2 weeks dark + 2 weeks 16/8 h photoperiod treatment, respectively, whereas a positive correlation existed for TPC and TFC when 4 weeks 16/8 h photoperiod treatment was applied. The effects of drought stress are discussed in relation to phenology, seed germination frequency, biomass build up, antioxidative potential, and secondary metabolites accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Zahir
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
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857
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Lee DK, Lim DK, Um JA, Lim CJ, Hong JY, Yoon YA, Ryu Y, Kim HJ, Cho HJ, Park JH, Seo YB, Kim K, Lim J, Kwon SW, Lee J. Evaluation of four different analytical tools to determine the regional origin of Gastrodia elata and Rehmannia glutinosa on the basis of metabolomics study. Molecules 2014; 19:6294-308. [PMID: 24840900 PMCID: PMC6271526 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19056294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical profiles of medicinal plants could be dissimilar depending on the cultivation environments, which may influence their therapeutic efficacy. Accordingly, the regional origin of the medicinal plants should be authenticated for correct evaluation of their medicinal and market values. Metabolomics has been found very useful for discriminating the origin of many plants. Choosing the adequate analytical tool can be an essential procedure because different chemical profiles with different detection ranges will be produced according to the choice. In this study, four analytical tools, Fourier transform near‑infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR), 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‑NMR), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) were applied in parallel to the same samples of two popular medicinal plants (Gastrodia elata and Rehmannia glutinosa) cultivated either in Korea or China. The classification abilities of four discriminant models for each plant were evaluated based on the misclassification rate and Q2 obtained from principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal projection to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS‑DA), respectively. 1H-NMR and LC-MS, which were the best techniques for G. elata and R. glutinosa, respectively, were generally preferable for origin discrimination over the others. Reasoned by integrating all the results, 1H-NMR is the most prominent technique for discriminating the origins of two plants. Nonetheless, this study suggests that preliminary screening is essential to determine the most suitable analytical tool and statistical method, which will ensure the dependability of metabolomics-based discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Kyu Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - Dong Kyu Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - Jung A Um
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - Chang Ju Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - Ji Yeon Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - Young A Yoon
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.
| | - Yeonsuk Ryu
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.
| | - Hyo Jin Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul 136-714, Korea.
| | - Hi Jae Cho
- Korea Promotion Institute for Traditional Medicine Industry, Gyeongsan 712-260, Korea.
| | - Jeong Hill Park
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - Young Bae Seo
- Department of Herbology, College of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon 300-716, Korea.
| | - Kyunga Kim
- Department of Statistics, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Korea.
| | - Johan Lim
- Department of Statistics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - Sung Won Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - Jeongmi Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.
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858
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Rateb ME, Hassan HM, Arafa ESA, Jaspars M, Ebel R. Decorosides A and B, Cytotoxic Flavonoid Glycosides from the Leaves of Rhododendron decorum. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400900410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioassay and NMR-guided fractionation of the methanolic extract of Rhododendron decorum leaves resulted in the isolation of two new flavonoid glycosides, 5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-dimethyldihydroflavanone-7-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl(l→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (decoroside A, 1) and its 3-hydroxy congener (decoroside B, 2), along with five known compounds myricitrin (3), afzelin (4), (-)-epicatechin (5), (+)-catechin (6), and ampeloptin (7). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by extensive interpretation of their spectral data. Biological evaluation using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay revealed promising cytotoxic activities of these compounds against different cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa E. Rateb
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland, U.K
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef62511, Egypt
| | - Hossam M. Hassan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef62511, Egypt
| | - El-Shaimaa A. Arafa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Marcel Jaspars
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland, U.K
| | - Rainer Ebel
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland, U.K
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859
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Złotek U, Świeca M, Jakubczyk A. Effect of abiotic elicitation on main health-promoting compounds, antioxidant activity and commercial quality of butter lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Food Chem 2014; 148:253-60. [PMID: 24262554 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The study presents changes in the phytochemical levels, antiradical activity and quality of lettuce caused by different chemical elicitors: arachidonic acid (AA), jasmonic acid (JA), and abscisic acid (ABA). The application of 1 μM and 100 μM JA induced an increase in the concentration of phenolic compounds, including flavonoids and phenolic acids. Flavonoid levels were also increased after treatment with 100 μM AA and ABA. Some of the elicitor concentrations used also caused an increase in the levels of other phytochemicals, such as chlorophyll a (1 μM and 100 μM AA, 50 μM ABA); chlorophyll b (100 μM AA); carotenoids (100 μM AA, 1 μM JA and 100 μM ABA) and vitamin C (100 μM AA, 100 μM JA). The highest antiradical activity was noted after treatment with 100 μM AA, 100 μM JA. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging ability was positively and significantly correlated with flavonoid, chlorophyll and carotenoid levels. These results may suggest that the antiradical activity of lettuce was determined not only by phenolics, but also by other bioactive compounds. Elicitation did not change the sensory quality of lettuce. Therefore, treatment with elicitors could be a useful tool for improving the health-promoting qualities of lettuce without the loss of sensory quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Złotek
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences, Ul. Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland.
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860
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Zhang D, Qi J, Yue J, Huang J, Sun T, Li S, Wen JF, Hettenhausen C, Wu J, Wang L, Zhuang H, Wu J, Sun G. Root parasitic plant Orobanche aegyptiaca and shoot parasitic plant Cuscuta australis obtained Brassicaceae-specific strictosidine synthase-like genes by horizontal gene transfer. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 14:19. [PMID: 24411025 PMCID: PMC3893544 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-14-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Besides gene duplication and de novo gene generation, horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is another important way of acquiring new genes. HGT may endow the recipients with novel phenotypic traits that are important for species evolution and adaption to new ecological niches. Parasitic systems expectedly allow the occurrence of HGT at relatively high frequencies due to their long-term physical contact. In plants, a number of HGT events have been reported between the organelles of parasites and the hosts, but HGT between host and parasite nuclear genomes has rarely been found. RESULTS A thorough transcriptome screening revealed that a strictosidine synthase-like (SSL) gene in the root parasitic plant Orobanche aegyptiaca and the shoot parasitic plant Cuscuta australis showed much higher sequence similarities with those in Brassicaceae than with those in their close relatives, suggesting independent gene horizontal transfer events from Brassicaceae to these parasites. These findings were strongly supported by phylogenetic analysis and their identical unique amino acid residues and deletions. Intriguingly, the nucleus-located SSL genes in Brassicaceae belonged to a new member of SSL gene family, which were originated from gene duplication. The presence of introns indicated that the transfer occurred directly by DNA integration in both parasites. Furthermore, positive selection was detected in the foreign SSL gene in O. aegyptiaca but not in C. australis. The expression of the foreign SSL genes in these two parasitic plants was detected in multiple development stages and tissues, and the foreign SSL gene was induced after wounding treatment in C. australis stems. These data imply that the foreign genes may still retain certain functions in the recipient species. CONCLUSIONS Our study strongly supports that parasitic plants can gain novel nuclear genes from distantly related host species by HGT and the foreign genes may execute certain functions in the new hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
- College of Life Science, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, Henan, China
| | - Jinfeng Qi
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Jipei Yue
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Jinling Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Ting Sun
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Suoping Li
- College of Life Science, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, Henan, China
| | - Jian-Fan Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Jiaochang East Road, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Christian Hettenhausen
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Jinsong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Huifu Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Jianqiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Guiling Sun
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
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861
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Singh DP, Prabha R, Meena KK, Sharma L, Sharma AK. Induced Accumulation of Polyphenolics and Flavonoids in Cyanobacteria under Salt Stress Protects Organisms through Enhanced Antioxidant Activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2014.55087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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862
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Pandino G, Lombardo S, Moglia A, Portis E, Lanteri S, Mauromicale G. Leaf polyphenol profile and SSR-based fingerprinting of new segregant Cynara cardunculus genotypes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:800. [PMID: 25653660 PMCID: PMC4300902 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The dietary value of many plant polyphenols lies in the protection given against degenerative pathologies. Their in planta role is associated with the host's defense response against biotic and abiotic stress. The polyphenol content of a given plant tissue is strongly influenced by the growing environment, but is also genetically determined. Plants belonging to the Cynara cardunculus species (globe artichoke and the cultivated and wild cardoon) accumulate substantial quantities of polyphenols mainly mono and di-caffeoylquinic acid (CQA) in their foliage. Transgressive segregation for CQA content in an F1 population bred from a cross between a globe artichoke and a cultivated cardoon led to the selection of eight segregants which accumulated more CQA in their leaves than did those of either of their parental genotypes. The selections were grown over two seasons to assess their polyphenol profile (CQAs, apigenin and luteolin derivatives and narirutin), and were also fingerprinted using a set of 217 microsatellite markers. The growing environment exerted a strong effect on polyphenol content, but two of the selections were able to accumulate up to an order of magnitude more CQA than either parent in both growing seasons. Since the species is readily vegetatively propagable, such genotypes can be straightforwardly exploited as a source of pharmaceutically valuable compounds, while their SSR-based fingerprinting will allow the genetic identity of clonally propagated material to be easily verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Pandino
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente Università degli Studi di CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Sara Lombardo
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente Università degli Studi di CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Andrea Moglia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Università degli Studi di TorinoGrugliasco, Italy
- *Correspondence: Andrea Moglia, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Università degli Studi di Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy e-mail:
| | - Ezio Portis
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Università degli Studi di TorinoGrugliasco, Italy
| | - Sergio Lanteri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Università degli Studi di TorinoGrugliasco, Italy
| | - Giovanni Mauromicale
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente Università degli Studi di CataniaCatania, Italy
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863
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de Andrade Júnior MC, Andrade JS. Amazonian Fruits: An Overview of Nutrients, Calories and Use in Metabolic Disorders. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/fns.2014.517182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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864
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Paul S, Shakya K. Arsenic, chromium and NaCl induced artemisinin biosynthesis in Artemisia annua L.: a valuable antimalarial plant. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2013; 98:59-65. [PMID: 24367814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Effect of As(III), Cr(VI) and NaCl on plant growth, antioxidant enzymes, SOD, TBRAS, protein, cDNA amplification of key genes of artemisinin pathway and artemisinin biosynthesis have been investigated to explore the actual changes in total herb and artemisinin yield in a crop cycle of Artemisia annua. Enhanced TBARS and SOD activity (4 U mg⁻¹), decreased catalase activity and total cholorophyll content were observed under metal(loid) and NaCl stress. Accumulation of As (III; µg mg⁻¹ DW) was higher in roots (10.75±0.00) than shoot (0.43±0.00) at 10 µg ml⁻¹. While Cr(VI; µg ml⁻¹ DW) accumulated more in shoots (37±9.6, 41.1±7.2 and 52.71±19.6). cDNA template of these treated plants along with control were amplified with HMGR, ADS and CYP71AV1 genes (artemisinin biosynthetic pathway genes); showed very low expression with Cr(VI) while As(III) (5 and 7.5 µg ml⁻¹) showed higher expression than control. The results obtained from this study suggest that A. annua can grow well with favoring artemisinin biosynthesis with treatment of As(III) 5, 7.5 µg ml⁻¹ and NaCl, while 10 µg ml⁻¹ As(III) and all doses of Cr(VI) affect artemisinin synthesis. Finally some evidence also suggests that As(III), Cr(VI) and NaCl induces stress affects on total herb yield of plant.
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865
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Lee DK, Yoon MH, Kang YP, Yu J, Park JH, Lee J, Kwon SW. Comparison of primary and secondary metabolites for suitability to discriminate the origins of Schisandra chinensis by GC/MS and LC/MS. Food Chem 2013; 141:3931-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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866
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Wang H, Fan W, Li H, Yang J, Huang J, Zhang P. Functional characterization of Dihydroflavonol-4-reductase in anthocyanin biosynthesis of purple sweet potato underlies the direct evidence of anthocyanins function against abiotic stresses. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78484. [PMID: 24223813 PMCID: PMC3817210 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (DFR) is a key enzyme in the catalysis of the stereospecific reduction of dihydroflavonols to leucoanthocyanidins in anthocyanin biosynthesis. In the purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) cv. Ayamurasaki, expression of the IbDFR gene was strongly associated with anthocyanin accumulation in leaves, stems and roots. Overexpression of the IbDFR in Arabidopsis tt3 mutants fully complemented the pigmentation phenotype of the seed coat, cotyledon and hypocotyl. Downregulation of IbDFR expression in transgenic sweet potato (DFRi) using an RNAi approach dramatically reduced anthocyanin accumulation in young leaves, stems and storage roots. In contrast, the increase of flavonols quercetin-3-O-hexose-hexoside and quercetin-3-O-glucoside in the leaves and roots of DFRi plants is significant. Therefore, the metabolic pathway channeled greater flavonol influx in the DFRi plants when their anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin accumulation were decreased. These plants also displayed reduced antioxidant capacity compared to the wild type. After 24 h of cold treatment and 2 h recovery, the wild-type plants were almost fully restored to the initial phenotype compared to the slower recovery of DFRi plants, in which the levels of electrolyte leakage and hydrogen peroxide accumulation were dramatically increased. These results provide direct evidence of anthocyanins function in the protection against oxidative stress in the sweet potato. The molecular characterization of the IbDFR gene in the sweet potato not only confirms its important roles in flavonoid metabolism but also supports the protective function of anthocyanins of enhanced scavenging of reactive oxygen radicals in plants under stressful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Shanghai), Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijuan Fan
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Shanghai), Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Shanghai), Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Science, Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, China
| | - Jirong Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Shanghai), Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Shanghai), Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Science, Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, China
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867
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Van Oosten MJ, Sharkhuu A, Batelli G, Bressan RA, Maggio A. The Arabidopsis thaliana mutant air1 implicates SOS3 in the regulation of anthocyanins under salt stress. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 83:405-15. [PMID: 23925404 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-013-0099-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of anthocyanins in plants exposed to salt stress has been largely documented. However, the functional link and regulatory components underlying the biosynthesis of these molecules during exposure to stress are largely unknown. In a screen of second site suppressors of the salt overly sensitive3-1 (sos3-1) mutant, we isolated the anthocyanin-impaired-response-1 (air1) mutant. air1 is unable to accumulate anthocyanins under salt stress, a key phenotype of sos3-1 under high NaCl levels (120 mM). The air1 mutant showed a defect in anthocyanin production in response to salt stress but not to other stresses such as high light, low phosphorous, high temperature or drought stress. This specificity indicated that air1 mutation did not affect anthocyanin biosynthesis but rather its regulation in response to salt stress. Analysis of this mutant revealed a T-DNA insertion at the first exon of an Arabidopsis thaliana gene encoding for a basic region-leucine zipper transcription factor. air1 mutants displayed higher survival rates compared to wild-type in oxidative stress conditions, and presented an altered expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes such as F3H, F3'H and LDOX in salt stress conditions. The results presented here indicate that AIR1 is involved in the regulation of various steps of the flavonoid and anthocyanin accumulation pathways and is itself regulated by the salt-stress response signalling machinery. The discovery and characterization of AIR1 opens avenues to dissect the connections between abiotic stress and accumulation of antioxidants in the form of flavonoids and anthocyanins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael James Van Oosten
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Università 100, 80055, Portici, Italy
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868
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Lakshmanan M, Zhang Z, Mohanty B, Kwon JY, Choi HY, Nam HJ, Kim DI, Lee DY. Elucidating rice cell metabolism under flooding and drought stresses using flux-based modeling and analysis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 162:2140-50. [PMID: 23753178 PMCID: PMC3729788 DOI: 10.1104/pp.113.220178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the major food crops in world agriculture, especially in Asia. However, the possibility of subsequent occurrence of flood and drought is a major constraint to its production. Thus, the unique behavior of rice toward flooding and drought stresses has required special attention to understand its metabolic adaptations. However, despite several decades of research investigations, the cellular metabolism of rice remains largely unclear. In this study, in order to elucidate the physiological characteristics in response to such abiotic stresses, we reconstructed what is to our knowledge the first metabolic/regulatory network model of rice, representing two tissue types: germinating seeds and photorespiring leaves. The phenotypic behavior and metabolic states simulated by the model are highly consistent with our suspension culture experiments as well as previous reports. The in silico simulation results of seed-derived rice cells indicated (1) the characteristic metabolic utilization of glycolysis and ethanolic fermentation based on oxygen availability and (2) the efficient sucrose breakdown through sucrose synthase instead of invertase. Similarly, flux analysis on photorespiring leaf cells elucidated the crucial role of plastid-cytosol and mitochondrion-cytosol malate transporters in recycling the ammonia liberated during photorespiration and in exporting the excess redox cofactors, respectively. The model simulations also unraveled the essential role of mitochondrial respiration during drought stress. In the future, the combination of experimental and in silico analyses can serve as a promising approach to understand the complex metabolism of rice and potentially help in identifying engineering targets for improving its productivity as well as enabling stress tolerance.
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869
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An Y, Zhang M, Liu G, Han R, Liang Z. Proline accumulation in leaves of Periploca sepium via both biosynthesis up-regulation and transport during recovery from severe drought. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69942. [PMID: 23875011 PMCID: PMC3714260 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought resistance and recovery ability are two important requisites for plant adaptation to drought environments. Proline (Pro) metabolism has been a major concern in plant drought tolerance. However, roles of Pro metabolism in plant recovery ability from severe drought stress are largely unexplored. Periploca sepium Bunge has gained increasing attention for its adaptation to dry environments. Here, we investigated Pro metabolism in different tissues of P. sepium seedlings in the course of drought stress and recovery. We found that leaf Pro metabolism response during post-drought recovery was dependant on drought severity. Pro biosynthesis was down-regulated during recovery from -0.4 MPa but increased continually and notably during recovery from -1.0 MPa. Significant correlation between Pro concentration and Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase activity indicates that Glutamate pathway is the predominant synthesis route during both drought and re-watering periods. Ornithine δ-aminotransferase activity was up-regulated significantly only during recovery from -1.0 MPa, suggesting positive contribution of ornithine pathway to improving plant recovery capacity from severe drought. In addition to up-regulation of biosynthesis, Pro transport from stems and roots also contributed to high Pro accumulation in leaves and new buds during recovery from -1.0 MPa, as indicated by the combined analysis of Pro concentration and its biosynthesis in stems, roots and new buds. Except its known roles as energy, carbon and nitrogen sources for plant rapid recovery, significant positive correlation between Pro concentration and total antioxidant activity indicates that Pro accumulation can also promote plant damage repair ability by up-regulating antioxidant activity during recovery from severe drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan An
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meixiang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guobin Liu
- Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruilian Han
- Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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870
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Discrimination between genetically identical peony roots from different regions of origin based on 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based metabolomics: determination of the geographical origins and estimation of the mixing proportions of blended samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:7523-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7182-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 06/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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871
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Naika M, Shameer K, Sowdhamini R. Comparative analyses of stress-responsive genes in Arabidopsis thaliana: insight from genomic data mining, functional enrichment, pathway analysis and phenomics. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2013; 9:1888-908. [PMID: 23645342 DOI: 10.1039/c3mb70072k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Biotic and abiotic stresses adversely affect agriculture by reducing crop growth and productivity worldwide. To investigate the abiotic stress-responsive genes in Arabidopsis thaliana, we compiled a dataset of stress signals and differentially upregulated genes (>= 2.5 fold change) from Stress-responsive transcription Factors DataBase (STIFDB) with additional set of stress signals and genes curated from PubMed and Gene Expression Omnibus. A dataset of 3091 genes differentially upregulated due to 14 different stress signals (abscisic acid, aluminum, cold, cold-drought-salt, dehydration, drought, heat, iron, light, NaCl, osmotic stress, oxidative stress, UV-B and wounding) were curated and used for the analysis. Details about stress-responsive enriched genes and their association with stress signals can be obtained from STIFDB2 database . The gene-stress-signal data were analyzed using an enrichment-based meta-analysis framework consisting of two different ontologies (Gene Ontology and Plant Ontology), biological pathway and functional domain annotations. We found several shared and distinct biological processes, cellular components and molecular functions associated with stress-responsive genes. Pathway analysis revealed that stress-responsive genes perturbed the pathways under the "Metabolic pathways" category. We also found several shared and stress-signal specific protein domains, suggesting functional mechanisms regulating stress-response. Phenomic characteristics of abiotic stress-responsive genes were ascertained for several stresses and found to be shared by multiple stresses in both anatomy and temporal categories of Plant Ontology. We found several constitutive stress-responsive genes that are differentially upregulated due to perturbation of different stress signals, for example a gene (AT1G68440) involved in phenylpropanoid metabolism and polyamine catabolism as responsive to seven different stress signals. We also performed structure-function prediction of five genes associated responsive to multiple abiotic stress signals. We envisage that results from our analysis that provide insight into functional repertoire, metabolic pathways and phenomic characteristics common and specifically associated with stress signals would help to understand abiotic stress regulome in Arabidopsis thaliana and may also help to develop an improved plant variety using molecular breeding and genetic engineering techniques that are rapidly stress-responsive and tolerant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahantesha Naika
- National Centre for Biological Sciences (TIFR), GKVK Campus, Bangalore, 560065, India.
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872
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Töpfer N, Caldana C, Grimbs S, Willmitzer L, Fernie AR, Nikoloski Z. Integration of genome-scale modeling and transcript profiling reveals metabolic pathways underlying light and temperature acclimation in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2013; 25:1197-211. [PMID: 23613196 PMCID: PMC3663262 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.112.108852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Understanding metabolic acclimation of plants to challenging environmental conditions is essential for dissecting the role of metabolic pathways in growth and survival. As stresses involve simultaneous physiological alterations across all levels of cellular organization, a comprehensive characterization of the role of metabolic pathways in acclimation necessitates integration of genome-scale models with high-throughput data. Here, we present an integrative optimization-based approach, which, by coupling a plant metabolic network model and transcriptomics data, can predict the metabolic pathways affected in a single, carefully controlled experiment. Moreover, we propose three optimization-based indices that characterize different aspects of metabolic pathway behavior in the context of the entire metabolic network. We demonstrate that the proposed approach and indices facilitate quantitative comparisons and characterization of the plant metabolic response under eight different light and/or temperature conditions. The predictions of the metabolic functions involved in metabolic acclimation of Arabidopsis thaliana to the changing conditions are in line with experimental evidence and result in a hypothesis about the role of homocysteine-to-Cys interconversion and Asn biosynthesis. The approach can also be used to reveal the role of particular metabolic pathways in other scenarios, while taking into consideration the entirety of characterized plant metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Töpfer
- Systems Biology and Mathematical Modeling Group, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Camila Caldana
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory, Integrate Brazilian Center of Research in Energy and Materials, Associated Centers to the Brazilian Association for Synchrotron Light Technology, 13083-970 Campinas, Brazil
| | - Sergio Grimbs
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Lothar Willmitzer
- Genes and Small Molecules Group, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Alisdair R. Fernie
- Central Metabolism Group, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Zoran Nikoloski
- Systems Biology and Mathematical Modeling Group, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Address correspondence to
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873
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García-Mier L, Guevara-González RG, Mondragón-Olguín VM, Verduzco-Cuellar BDR, Torres-Pacheco I. Agriculture and bioactives: achieving both crop yield and phytochemicals. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:4203-22. [PMID: 23429238 PMCID: PMC3588095 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14024203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants are fundamental elements of the human diet, either as direct sources of nutrients or indirectly as feed for animals. During the past few years, the main goal of agriculture has been to increase yield in order to provide the food that is needed by a growing world population. As important as yield, but commonly forgotten in conventional agriculture, is to keep and, if it is possible, to increase the phytochemical content due to their health implications. Nowadays, it is necessary to go beyond this, reconciling yield and phytochemicals that, at first glance, might seem in conflict. This can be accomplished through reviewing food requirements, plant consumption with health implications, and farming methods. The aim of this work is to show how both yield and phytochemicals converge into a new vision of agricultural management in a framework of integrated agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina García-Mier
- Biosystems Engineering Group, Biosystems Laboratory, Division of Graduate Studies, Faculty of Engineering, The Autonomous University of Queretaro, C.U Cerro de las Campanas, S/N, colonia Las Campanas, C.P. 76010, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico; E-Mails: (L.G.-M.); (R.G.G.-G.)
| | - Ramón G. Guevara-González
- Biosystems Engineering Group, Biosystems Laboratory, Division of Graduate Studies, Faculty of Engineering, The Autonomous University of Queretaro, C.U Cerro de las Campanas, S/N, colonia Las Campanas, C.P. 76010, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico; E-Mails: (L.G.-M.); (R.G.G.-G.)
| | - Víctor M. Mondragón-Olguín
- Division of Graduate Studies, Faculty of Chemistry, The Autonomous University of Queretaro, C.U Cerro de las Campanas, S/N, colonia Las Campanas, C.P. 76010, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico; E-Mail:
| | - Beatriz del Rocío Verduzco-Cuellar
- Division of Environmental Sciences and Technologies, School of Chemistry, The Autonomous University of Queretaro, C.U Cerro de las campanas, S/N, Col. Las Campanas, C.P. 76010, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico; E-Mail:
| | - Irineo Torres-Pacheco
- Biosystems Engineering Group, Biosystems Laboratory, Division of Graduate Studies, Faculty of Engineering, The Autonomous University of Queretaro, C.U Cerro de las Campanas, S/N, colonia Las Campanas, C.P. 76010, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico; E-Mails: (L.G.-M.); (R.G.G.-G.)
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874
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A novel approach to enhancing ganoderic acid production by Ganoderma lucidum using apoptosis induction. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53616. [PMID: 23326470 PMCID: PMC3542374 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum is one of most widely used herbal medicine and functional food in Asia, and ganoderic acids (GAs) are its active ingredients. Regulation of GA biosynthesis and enhancing GA production are critical to using G. lucidum as a medicine. However, regulation of GA biosynthesis by various signaling remains poorly understood. This study investigated the role of apoptosis signaling on GA biosynthesis and presented a novel approach, namely apoptosis induction, to increasing GA production. Aspirin was able to induce cell apoptosis in G. lucidum, which was identified by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUPT nick end labeling assay positive staining and a condensed nuclear morphology. The maximum induction of lanosta-7,9(11), 24-trien-3α-01-26-oic acid (ganoderic acid 24, GA24) production and total GA production by aspirin were 2.7-fold and 2.8-fold, respectively, after 1 day. Significantly lower levels of GA 24 and total GAs were obtained after regular fungal culture for 1.5 months. ROS accumulation and phosphorylation of Hog-1 kinase, a putative homolog of MAPK p38 in mammals, occurred after aspirin treatment indicating that both factors may be involved in GA biosynthetic regulation. However, aspirin also reduced expression of the squalene synthase and lanosterol synthase coding genes, suggesting that these genes are not critical for GA induction. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing that GA biosynthesis is linked to fungal apoptosis and provides a new approach to enhancing secondary metabolite production in fungi.
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875
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Arencibia AD, Bernal A, Zayas C, Carmona E, Cordero C, González G, García R, Santana I. Hydrogen peroxide induced phenylpropanoids pathway eliciting a defensive response in plants micropropagated in Temporary Immersion Bioreactors (TIBs). PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 195:71-79. [PMID: 22921000 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2012.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Revised: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The relation between the oxidative burst and phenylpropanoid pathways has been studied using the sugarcane cultivar C86-56, which does not release phenolics in agar-base micropropagation systems. In stationary liquid culture, a significant production of phenolic compounds and plant survival were determined in sugarcane plants treated with 5mM H(2)O(2). The spectrophotometer determinations and the gene expression analysis corroborated that releasing of phenolics and soluble θ-quinones was induced during the first 24h of treatment. In comparison with the control treatments, sugarcane plants treated with H(2)O(2) demonstrated differences in the micropropagation-related variables when multiplied in Temporary Immersion Bioreactors (TIBs) supplemented with polyethyleneglycol (PEG 20%). Expression of selected genes related to photosynthesis, ethylene, auxins, oxidative burst, and defense pathways were confirmed during the entire PEG 20% stress in the plants coming from the 5mM H(2)O(2) treatment; whereas, much more heterogeneous expression patterns were evidenced in plants stressed with PEG but not previously treated with H(2)O(2). RT-PCR expression analysis supports the hypothesis that while H(2)O(2) induces the oxidative burst, the phenylpropanoids pathways elicit and maintain the defensive response mechanism in micropropagated sugarcane plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel D Arencibia
- National Institute for Sugarcane Research, CUJAE Road km 2½, Boyeros 19390, Havana, Cuba.
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876
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