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Abstract
Adaptive immunity plays central roles in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as it is regarded as an autoimmune disease. Clinical investigations revealed infiltrations of B cells in the synovium, especially those with ectopic lymphoid neogenesis, associate with disease severity. While some B cells in the synovium differentiate into plasma cells producing autoantibodies such as anti-citrullinated protein antibody, others differentiate into effector B cells producing proinflammatory cytokines and expressing RANKL. Synovial B cells might also be important as antigen-presenting cells. Synovial T cells are implicated in the induction of antibody production as well as local inflammation. In the former, a recently identified CD4 T cell subset, peripheral helper T (Tph), which is characterized by the expression of PD-1 and production of CXCL13 and IL-21, is implicated, while the latter might be mediated by Th1-like CD4 T cell subsets that can produce multiple proinflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ, TNF-α, and GM-CSF, and express cytotoxic molecules, such as perforin, granzymes and granulysin. CD8 T cells in the synovium are able to produce large amount of IFN-γ. However, the involvement of those lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of RA still awaits verification. Their antigen-specificity also needs to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisakata Yamada
- Department of Arthritis and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Deng C, Peng N, Tang Y, Yu N, Wang C, Cai X, Zhang L, Hu D, Ciccia F, Lu L. Roles of IL-25 in Type 2 Inflammation and Autoimmune Pathogenesis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:691559. [PMID: 34122457 PMCID: PMC8194343 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.691559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-17E (IL-25) is a member of the IL-17 cytokine family that includes IL-17A to IL-17F. IL-17 family cytokines play a key role in host defense responses and inflammatory diseases. Compared with other IL-17 cytokine family members, IL-25 has relatively low sequence similarity to IL-17A and exhibits a distinct function from other IL-17 cytokines. IL-25 binds to its receptor composed of IL-17 receptor A (IL-17RA) and IL-17 receptor B (IL-17RB) for signal transduction. IL-25 has been implicated as a type 2 cytokine and can induce the production of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13, which in turn inhibits the differentiation of T helper (Th) 17. In addition to its anti-inflammatory properties, IL-25 also exhibits a pro-inflammatory effect in the pathogenesis of Th17-dominated diseases. Here, we review recent advances in the roles of IL-25 in the pathogenesis of inflammation and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Deng
- Department of Pathology and Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Na Peng
- Department of Rheumatology and Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Yuan Tang
- Department of Pathology and Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Na Yu
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuicui Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cai
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shenzhen Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dajun Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Francesco Ciccia
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Section of Rheumatology, Università degli Studi della Campania L. Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Liwei Lu
- Department of Pathology and Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Miossec P. Local and systemic effects of IL-17 in joint inflammation: a historical perspective from discovery to targeting. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:860-865. [PMID: 33692481 PMCID: PMC7943939 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00644-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of IL-17 in many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases is now well established, with three currently registered anti-IL-17-targeted therapies. This story has taken place over a period of 20 years and led to the demonstration that a T cell product could regulate, and often amplify, the inflammatory response. The first results described the contribution of IL-17 to local features in arthritis. Then, understanding was extended to its systemic effects, with a focus on cardiovascular aspects. This review provides a historical perspective of these discoveries focused on arthritis, which started in 1995, followed 10 years later by the description of Th17 cells. Today, IL-17 inhibitors for three chronic inflammatory diseases have been registered. More options are now being tested in ongoing and future clinical trials. Inhibitors of IL-17 family members and Th17 cells ranging from antibodies to small molecules are under active development. The identification of patients with IL-17-driven disease is a key target for the improved selection of patients expected to have a strongly positive response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Miossec
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology and the Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit, University of Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France.
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Khella CM, Asgarian R, Horvath JM, Rolauffs B, Hart ML. An Evidence-Based Systematic Review of Human Knee Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis (PTOA): Timeline of Clinical Presentation and Disease Markers, Comparison of Knee Joint PTOA Models and Early Disease Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1996. [PMID: 33671471 PMCID: PMC7922905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the causality of the post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) disease process of the knee joint is important for diagnosing early disease and developing new and effective preventions or treatments. The aim of this review was to provide detailed clinical data on inflammatory and other biomarkers obtained from patients after acute knee trauma in order to (i) present a timeline of events that occur in the acute, subacute, and chronic post-traumatic phases and in PTOA, and (ii) to identify key factors present in the synovial fluid, serum/plasma and urine, leading to PTOA of the knee in 23-50% of individuals who had acute knee trauma. In this context, we additionally discuss methods of simulating knee trauma and inflammation in in vivo, ex vivo articular cartilage explant and in vitro chondrocyte models, and answer whether these models are representative of the clinical inflammatory stages following knee trauma. Moreover, we compare the pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations used in such models and demonstrate that, compared to concentrations in the synovial fluid after knee trauma, they are exceedingly high. We then used the Bradford Hill Framework to present evidence that TNF-α and IL-6 cytokines are causal factors, while IL-1β and IL-17 are credible factors in inducing knee PTOA disease progresssion. Lastly, we discuss beneficial infrastructure for future studies to dissect the role of local vs. systemic inflammation in PTOA progression with an emphasis on early disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Melanie L. Hart
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; (C.M.K.); (R.A.); (J.M.H.); (B.R.)
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Tang M, Lu L, Yu X. Interleukin-17A Interweaves the Skeletal and Immune Systems. Front Immunol 2021; 11:625034. [PMID: 33613566 PMCID: PMC7890031 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.625034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The complex crosstalk between the immune and the skeletal systems plays an indispensable role in the maintenance of skeletal homeostasis. Various cytokines are involved, including interleukin (IL)-17A. A variety of immune and inflammatory cells produces IL-17A, especially Th17 cells, a subtype of CD4+ T cells. IL-17A orchestrates diverse inflammatory and immune processes. IL-17A induces direct and indirect effects on osteoclasts. The dual role of IL-17A on osteoclasts partly depends on its concentrations and interactions with other factors. Interestingly, IL-17A exerts a dual role in osteoblasts in vitro. IL-17A is a bone-destroying cytokine in numerous immune-mediated bone diseases including postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and axial spondylarthritis (axSpA). This review will summarize and discuss the pathophysiological roles of IL-17A on the skeletal system and its potential strategies for application in immune-mediated bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjia Tang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingyun Lu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xijie Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Present Status and Future Trends of Natural-Derived Compounds Targeting T Helper (Th) 17 and Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1 (mPGES-1) as Alternative Therapies for Autoimmune and Inflammatory-Based Diseases. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25246016. [PMID: 33353211 PMCID: PMC7766998 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25246016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Several natural-based compounds and products are reported to possess anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity both in vitro and in vivo. The primary target for these activities is the inhibition of eicosanoid-generating enzymes, including phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenases (COXs), and lipoxygenases, leading to reduced prostanoids and leukotrienes. Other mechanisms include modulation of protein kinases and activation of transcriptases. However, only a limited number of studies and reviews highlight the potential modulation of the coupling enzymatic pathway COX-2/mPGES-1 and Th17/Treg circulating cells. Here, we provide a brief overview of natural products/compounds, currently included in the Italian list of botanicals and the BELFRIT, in different fields of interest such as inflammation and immunity. In this context, we focus our opinion on novel therapeutic targets such as COX-2/mPGES-1 coupling enzymes and Th17/Treg circulating repertoire. This paper is dedicated to the scientific career of Professor Nicola Mascolo for his profound dedication to the study of natural compounds.
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Simon LS, Taylor PC, Choy EH, Sebba A, Quebe A, Knopp KL, Porreca F. The Jak/STAT pathway: A focus on pain in rheumatoid arthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2020; 51:278-284. [PMID: 33412435 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2020.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Pain is a manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that is mediated by inflammatory and non-inflammatory mechanisms and negatively affects quality of life. Recent findings from a Phase 3 clinical trial showed that patients with RA who were treated with a Janus kinase 1 (Jak1) and Janus kinase 2 (Jak2) inhibitor achieved significantly greater improvements in pain than those treated with a tumor necrosis factor blocker; both treatments resulted in similar changes in standard clinical measures and markers of inflammation. These findings suggest that Jak1 and Jak2 inhibition may relieve pain in RA caused by inflammatory and non-inflammatory mechanisms and are consistent with the overarching involvement of the Jak-signal transducer and activator of transcription (Jak/STAT) pathway in mediating the action, expression, and regulation of a multitude of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. In this review, we provide an overview of pain in RA, the underlying importance of cytokines regulated directly or indirectly by the Jak/STAT pathway, and therapeutic targeting of the Jak/STAT pathway in RA. As highlighted herein, multiple cytokines directly or indirectly regulated by the Jak/STAT pathway play important roles in mediating various mechanisms underlying pain in RA. Having a better understanding of these mechanisms may help clinicians make treatment decisions that optimize the control of inflammation and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter C Taylor
- Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ernest H Choy
- CREATE Centre, Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | | | | | | | - Frank Porreca
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85718, USA.
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58
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Buch MH, Eyre S, McGonagle D. Persistent inflammatory and non-inflammatory mechanisms in refractory rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2020; 17:17-33. [PMID: 33293696 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-020-00541-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite nearly three decades of advances in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a substantial minority of patients are exposed to multiple DMARDs without necessarily benefitting from them; a group of patients variously designated as having 'difficult to treat', 'treatment-resistant' or 'refractory' RA. This Review of refractory RA focuses on two types of patients: those for whom multiple targeted therapies lack efficacy and who have persistent inflammatory pathology, which we designate as persistent inflammatory refractory RA (PIRRA); and those with supposed refractory RA who have continued disease activity that is predominantly independent of objective evidence of inflammation, which we designate as non-inflammatory refractory RA (NIRRA). These two types of disease are not mutually exclusive, but identifying those individuals with predominant PIRRA or NIRRA is important, as it informs distinct treatment and management approaches. This Review outlines the clinical differences between PIRRA and NIRRA, the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms and immune pathways that might contribute to the immunopathogenesis of recalcitrant synovitis in PIRRA, and a possible basis for non-inflammatory symptomatology in NIRRA. Future approaches towards the definition of refractory RA and the application of single-cell and integrated omics technologies to the identification of refractory RA endotypes are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya H Buch
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. .,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK. .,Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
| | - Stephen Eyre
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Dennis McGonagle
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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59
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Abstract
In inflammatory rheumatic disorders, the immune system attacks and damages the connective tissues and invariably internal organs. During the past decade, remarkable advances having been made towards our understanding on the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in rheumatic diseases. The discovery of IL-23/IL-17 axis and the delineation of its important role in the inflammation led to the introduction of many needed new therapeutic tools. We will present an overview of the rationale for targeting therapeutically the IL-23/IL-17 axis in rheumatic diseases and the clinical benefit which has been realized so far. Finally, we will discuss the complex interrelationship between IL-23 and IL-17 and the possible uncoupling in certain disease settings.
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60
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Indomethacin loaded dextran stearate polymeric micelles improve adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats: design and in vivo evaluation. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 29:107-121. [PMID: 33179175 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-020-00776-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indomethacin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can effectively control the pain and inflammation caused by rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but its usage is limited due to severe adverse effects. For this reason, making more specific formulations of this drug can be considered. The aim of the present study was designing a novel nano-sized indomethacin delivery system. MATERIALS AND METHODS Indomethacin-loaded dextran stearate polymeric micelles were prepared by dialysis method. Particle size and zeta potential of micelles were measured by a zeta sizer instrument. Drug release from micelles was investigated in phosphate buffer medium pH 7.4 and then the best formulation regarding physical properties and drug release was selected for animal studies. Arthritis was induced by complete Freund's adjuvant injection in rats. Then, the animals were randomly assigned into the model, the indomethacin solution and the polymeric micelles groups. The clinical effects of polymeric micelle formulation were assessed by measuring arthritis index, animal paw edema and measuring biochemical parameters including myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), TNF-α, IL-17 and IL-1β. RESULTS Paw edema was attenuated following the administration of indomethacin-loaded polymeric micelles. Based on the findings of the present study, the use of indomethacin-loaded polymeric micelles could improve inflammatory symptoms, decrease arthritis index and decrease the diameter of the paw in arthritic rats in a significant manner (p ≤ 0.05). In addition, the use of polymeric micelles like indomethacin solution significantly reduced (p ≤ 0.05) the activity of MPO, LPO, TNF-α, IL-17 and IL-1β, and made a significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) in glutathione and TAC content and ameliorated structural changes in the paw tissue compared to the control group. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that indomethacin-loaded dextran stearate polymeric micelles can provide more effective therapeutic effects in control of inflammation in arthritis in rat.
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Shen P, Jiao Y, Miao L, Chen J, Momtazi‐Borojeni AA. Immunomodulatory effects of berberine on the inflamed joint reveal new therapeutic targets for rheumatoid arthritis management. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12234-12245. [PMID: 32969153 PMCID: PMC7687014 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory syndrome designated by synovial joint inflammation leading to cartilage degradation and bone damage as well as progressive disability. Synovial inflammation is promoted through the infiltration of mononuclear immune cells, dominated by CD4+ T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), together with fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), into the synovial compartment. Berberine is a bioactive isoquinoline alkaloid compound showing various pharmacological properties that are mainly attributed to immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Several lines of experimental study have recently investigated the therapeutic potential of berberine and its underlying mechanisms in treating RA condition. The present review aimed to clarify determinant cellular and molecular targets of berberine in RA and found that berberine through modulating several signalling pathways involved in the joint inflammation, including PI3K/Akt, Wnt1/β-catenin, AMPK/lipogenesis and LPA/LPA1 /ERK/p38 MAPK can inhibit inflammatory proliferation of FLS cells, suppress DC activation and modulate Th17/Treg balance and thus prevent cartilage and bone destruction. Importantly, these molecular targets may explore new therapeutic targets for RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Shen
- Department of StomatologyClinical Department of Aerospace CityNorthern Beijing Medical DistrictChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of StomatologyThe 7th Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Outpatient Department of PLA Macao GarrisonMacaoChina
| | - Li Miao
- Department of StomatologyThe 7th Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Ji‐hua Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesDepartment of ProsthodonticsSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
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62
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Taams LS. Interleukin-17 in rheumatoid arthritis: Trials and tribulations. J Exp Med 2020; 217:133698. [PMID: 32023342 PMCID: PMC7062523 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20192048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine with well-characterized biological effects on stromal cell activation, angiogenesis, and osteoclastogenesis. The presence of this cytokine in the inflamed joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), together with compelling data from in vitro and experimental arthritis models demonstrating its pro-inflammatory effects, made this cytokine a strong candidate for therapeutic targeting. Clinical trials, however, have shown relatively modest success in RA as compared with other indications. Guided by recent insights in IL-17 biology, this review aims to explore possible reasons for the limited clinical efficacy of IL-17A blockade in RA, and what we can learn from these results going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie S Taams
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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63
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Down-regulated ciRS-7/up-regulated miR-7 axis aggravated cartilage degradation and autophagy defection by PI3K/AKT/mTOR activation mediated by IL-17A in osteoarthritis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:20163-20183. [PMID: 33099538 PMCID: PMC7655186 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most painful and widespread chronic degenerative joint diseases and is characterized by destructed articular cartilage and inflamed joints. Previously, our findings indicated that circular RNA ciRS-7 (ciRS-7)/microRNA 7 (miR-7) axis is abnormally expressed in OA, and regulates proliferation, inflammatory responses, and apoptosis of interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-stimulated chondrocytes. However, its underlying role in OA remains unknown. In this study, we first validated cartilage degradation and defection of autophagy in samples of OA patients. IL-1β initially stimulated autophagy of chondrocytes, and ultimately significantly suppressed autophagy. Upregulated ciRS-7/down-regulated miR-7 aggravated IL-1β-induced cartilage degradation, and restrained autophagy in vitro. Gene sequencing and bioinformatics analysis performed on a control group, IL-1β group, and IL-1β+miR-7-mimics group demonstrated that seven of the most significant mRNA candidates were enriched in the interleukin-17 (IL-17) signaling pathway. Increased IL-17A levels were also observed by qRT-PCR and ELISA. In addition, it was revealed that the ciRS-7/miR-7 axis ameliorated cartilage degradation and defection of autophagy by PI3K/AKT/mTOR activation in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes. Furthermore, an OA model was established in rats with medial meniscus destabilization. miR-7-siRNA-expressing lentiviruses alleviated surgical resection-induced cartilage destruction of OA mice, whereas miR-7 mimics worsened the effects. Thus, these findings revealed that the mechanism of the ciRS-7/miR-7 axis involved regulating OA progression and provided valuable directions for OA treatment.
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64
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Marcoux D, Bertrand MB, Weigelt CA, Yip S, Galella M, Park H, Wu DR, Wang J, Yarde M, Cvijic ME, Li S, Hynes J, Tino JA, Zhao Q, Dhar TM. Annulation reaction enables the identification of an exocyclic amide tricyclic chemotype as retinoic acid Receptor-Related orphan receptor gamma (RORγ/RORc) inverse agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127466. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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65
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Kunzmann LK, Schoknecht T, Poch T, Henze L, Stein S, Kriz M, Grewe I, Preti M, Hartl J, Pannicke N, Peiseler M, Sebode M, Zenouzi R, Horvatits T, Böttcher M, Petersen BS, Weiler-Normann C, Hess LU, Ahrenstorf AE, Lunemann S, Martrus G, Fischer L, Li J, Carambia A, Kluwe J, Huber S, Lohse AW, Franke A, Herkel J, Schramm C, Schwinge D. Monocytes as Potential Mediators of Pathogen-Induced T-Helper 17 Differentiation in Patients With Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC). Hepatology 2020; 72:1310-1326. [PMID: 33090557 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS T cells from patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) show a prominent interleukin (IL)-17 response upon stimulation with bacteria or fungi, yet the reasons for this dominant T-helper 17 (Th17) response in PSC are not clear. Here, we analyzed the potential role of monocytes in microbial recognition and in skewing the T-cell response toward Th17. APPROACH AND RESULTS Monocytes and T cells from blood and livers of PSC patients and controls were analyzed ex vivo and in vitro using transwell experiments with cholangiocytes. Cytokine production was measured using flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, RNA in situ hybridization, and quantitative real-time PCR. Genetic polymorphisms were obtained from ImmunoChip analysis. Following ex vivo stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate/ionomycin, PSC patients showed significantly increased numbers of IL-17A-producing peripheral blood CD4+ T cells compared to PBC patients and healthy controls, indicating increased Th17 differentiation in vivo. Upon stimulation with microbes, monocytes from PSC patients produced significantly more IL-1β and IL-6, cytokines known to drive Th17 cell differentiation. Moreover, microbe-activated monocytes induced the secretion of Th17 and monocyte-recruiting chemokines chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL)-20 and CCL-2 in human primary cholangiocytes. In livers of patients with PSC cirrhosis, CD14hiCD16int and CD14loCD16hi monocytes/macrophages were increased compared to alcoholic cirrhosis, and monocytes were found to be located around bile ducts. CONCLUSIONS PSC patients show increased Th17 differentiation already in vivo. Microbe-stimulated monocytes drive Th17 differentiation in vitro and induce cholangiocytes to produce chemokines mediating recruitment of Th17 cells and more monocytes into portal tracts. Taken together, these results point to a pathogenic role of monocytes in patients with PSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilly Kristin Kunzmann
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Schoknecht
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Poch
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lara Henze
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Stein
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marvin Kriz
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ilka Grewe
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Max Preti
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Hartl
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nadine Pannicke
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Moritz Peiseler
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcial Sebode
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Roman Zenouzi
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Horvatits
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marius Böttcher
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Britt-Sabina Petersen
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Leonard U Hess
- Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Heinrich Pette Institute, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Sebastian Lunemann
- Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Heinrich Pette Institute, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gloria Martrus
- Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Heinrich Pette Institute, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lutz Fischer
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Antonella Carambia
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Kluwe
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Huber
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ansgar W Lohse
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Johannes Herkel
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Schramm
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Martin Zeitz Centre for Rare Diseases, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dorothee Schwinge
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Yang D, Zhang Z. [The role of helper T cell in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2020; 34:932-938. [PMID: 32666741 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201910063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To review and summarize the role of helper T cell (Th) in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) and research progress of Th cell-related treatment for OA. Methods The domestic and foreign literature in recent years was reviewed. The role of Th cells [Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17, Th22, and follicular helper T cell (Tfh)] and related cytokines in the pathogenesis of OA and the latest research progress of treatment were summarized. Results Th cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of OA. Th1, Th9, and Th17 cells are more important than Th2, Th22, and Tfh cells in the pathogenesis of OA. Cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 17 can cause damage to articular cartilage significantly. Conclusion At present, the role of Th cells in the pathogenesis of OA has been played in the spotlight. The specific mechanism has not been clear. Regulating the Th cell-associated cytokines, intracellular and extracellular signals, and cellular metabolism is a potential method for prevention and treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinglong Yang
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan Shanxi, 030000, P.R.China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan Shanxi, 030000, P.R.China
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Robert M, Hot A, Mifsud F, Ndongo-Thiam N, Miossec P. Synergistic Interaction Between High Bioactive IL-17A and Joint Destruction for the Occurrence of Cardiovascular Events in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1998. [PMID: 32983142 PMCID: PMC7479831 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains a cause of morbidity and mortality in many patients while new treatments have changed the face of the disease. Despite the emergence of these new drugs, cardiovascular (CV) diseases remain more frequent in RA patients compared with the general population. However, predictive biomarkers of RA severity and precise guidelines to manage the CV risk in these patients are still lacking. Pro-inflammatory cytokines contribute both to RA and CV pathogenesis. Focusing on IL-17A, high levels of bioactive IL-17A were associated with destruction in RA but also during myocardial infarction. The study aimed to assess the relationship between bioactive IL-17A, destruction and the occurrence of CV events (CVE) in RA patients with a very long follow-up. Thirty-six RA patients were followed between 1970 and 2012 in Lyon, France. They were tested for bioactive IL-17A and clinical and biological characteristics were recorded at baseline. Then, the occurrence of CVE was registered during the follow-up. To study the bioactive fraction of IL-17A, the bioassay used the ability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells to produce IL-8 in presence of RA plasma samples with or without an anti-IL-17A antibody. Bioactive IL-17A level at baseline was higher in RA patients who later experienced a CVE compared to those without (0.77 vs 0.21 ng/ml, p-value = 0.0095, Mann-Whitney test) and synergized with joint destruction (p-value = 0.020, Kruskal-Wallis test). Through its effects on vessels and thrombosis, high levels of bioactive IL-17A could represent a long-term marker of CV risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Robert
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit EA 4130, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Arnaud Hot
- Department of Internal Medicine, Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit EA 4130, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - François Mifsud
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit EA 4130, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Ndiémé Ndongo-Thiam
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit EA 4130, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Miossec
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit EA 4130, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
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The Potential Role of Schistosome-Associated Factors as Therapeutic Modulators of the Immune System. Infect Immun 2020; 88:IAI.00754-19. [PMID: 32341115 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00754-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The parasites and eggs of helminths, including schistosomes, are associated with factors that can modulate the nature and outcomes of host immune responses, particularly enhancing type 2 immunity and impairing the effects of type 1 and type 17 immunity. The main species of schistosomes that cause infection in humans are capable of generating a microenvironment that allows survival of the parasite by evasion of the immune response. Schistosome infections are associated with beneficial effects on chronic immune disorders, including allergies, autoimmune diseases, and alloimmune responses. Recently, there has been increasing research interest in the role of schistosomes in immunoregulation during human infection, and the mechanisms underlying these roles continue to be investigated. Further studies may identify potential opportunities to develop new treatments for immune disease. In this review, we provide an update on the advances in our understanding of schistosome-associated modulation of the cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems as well as the potential role of schistosome-associated factors as therapeutic modulators of immune disorders, including allergies, autoimmune diseases, and transplant immunopathology. We also discuss potential opportunities for targeting schistosome-induced immunoregulation for future translation to the clinical setting.
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69
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Zwicky P, Unger S, Becher B. Targeting interleukin-17 in chronic inflammatory disease: A clinical perspective. J Exp Med 2020; 217:jem.20191123. [PMID: 31727781 PMCID: PMC7037236 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20191123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although many chronic inflammatory diseases share the feature of elevated IL-17 production, therapeutic targeting of IL-17 has vastly different clinical outcomes. Here the authors summarize the recent progress in understanding the protective and pathogenic role of the IL-23/IL-17 axis in preclinical models and human inflammatory diseases. Chronic inflammatory diseases like psoriasis, Crohn’s disease (CD), multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and others are increasingly recognized as disease entities, where dysregulated cytokines contribute substantially to tissue-specific inflammation. A dysregulation in the IL-23/IL-17 axis can lead to inflammation of barrier tissues, whereas its role in internal organ inflammation remains less clear. Here we discuss the most recent developments in targeting IL-17 for the treatment of chronic inflammation in preclinical models and in patients afflicted with chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Zwicky
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, Department of Inflammation Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Unger
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, Department of Inflammation Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Burkhard Becher
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, Department of Inflammation Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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70
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Prado DS, Veras FP, Ferreira RG, Damasceno LEA, Melo PH, Zamboni DS, Cunha TM, Cunha FQ, Alves-Filho JC. NLRP12 controls arthritis severity by acting as a checkpoint inhibitor of Th17 cell differentiation. FASEB J 2020; 34:10907-10919. [PMID: 32632939 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000795r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor-12 (NLRP12) has emerged as a negative regulator of inflammation. It is well described that the Th17 cell population increases in patients with early Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), which correlates with the disease activity. Here, we investigated the role of NLRP12 in the differentiation of Th17 cells and the development of experimental arthritis, using the antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) murine model. We found that Nlrp12-/ - mice develop severe arthritis characterized by an exacerbated Th17-mediated inflammatory response with increases in the articular hyperalgesia, knee joint swelling, and neutrophil infiltration. Adoptive transfer of Nlrp12-/ - cells into WT mice recapitulated the hyperinflammatory response seen in Nlrp12-/ - mice and the treatment with anti-IL-17A neutralizing antibody abrogated arthritis development in Nlrp12-/ - mice, suggesting that NLRP12 works as an inhibitor of Th17 cell differentiation. Indeed, Th17 cell differentiation markedly increases in Nlrp12-/- T cells cultured under the Th17-skewing condition. Mechanistically, we found that NLRP12 negatively regulates IL-6-induced phosphorylation of STAT3 in T cells. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of STAT3 reduced Th17 cell differentiation and abrogated hyperinflammatory arthritis observed in Nlrp12-/ - mice. Thus, we described a novel role for NLRP12 as a checkpoint inhibitor of Th17 cell differentiation, which controls the severity of experimental arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Silva Prado
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, CRID, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Flavio P Veras
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, CRID, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Raphael Gomes Ferreira
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, CRID, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Luis Eduardo Alves Damasceno
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, CRID, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Melo
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, CRID, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Dario Simões Zamboni
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, CRID, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Department of Cell Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Thiago Mattar Cunha
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, CRID, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Fernando Queiroz Cunha
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, CRID, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Alves-Filho
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, CRID, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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71
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Wei H, Yin X, Tang H, Gao Y, Liu B, Wu Q, Tian Q, Hao Y, Bi H, Guo D. Hypomethylation of Notch1 DNA is associated with the occurrence of uveitis. Clin Exp Immunol 2020; 201:317-327. [PMID: 32479651 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Uveitis is a serious intra-ocular inflammatory disease that can lead to visual impairment even blindness worldwide. Notch signaling can regulate the differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells, influencing the development of uveitis. DNA methylation is closely related to the autoimmune diseases. In this study, we measured the Notch1 DNA methylation level, determined the Notch1 and related DNA methylases mRNA expression and evaluated the ratio of T helper type 17 regulatory T cell (Th17/Treg ) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from uveitis patients and normal control subjects; we also tested the levels of relevant inflammatory cytokines in serum from the participants. Results indicated that compared with those in normal control individuals, the expression of ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2) and Notch1 mRNA is elevated in uveitis patients, whereas the methylation level in Notch1 DNA promotor region [-842 ~ -646 base pairs (bp)] is down-regulated, and is unrelated to anatomical location. Moreover, the Th17/Treg ratio is up-regulated in PBMCs from uveitis patients, accompanied by the elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines [e.g. interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-17 and interferon (IFN)-γ] in serum from uveitis patients. These findings suggest that the over-expression of TET2 DNA demethylase may lead to hypomethylation of Notch1, activate the Notch1 signaling, induce naive CD4+ T cells to differentiate theTh17 subset and thus disturb the balance of the Th17/Treg ratio in uveitis patients. Overall, hypomethylation of Notch1 DNA is closely associated with the occurrence of uveitis. Our study preliminarily reveals the underlying mechanism for the occurrence of uveitis related to the hypomethylation of Notch1 DNA, providing a novel therapeutic strategy against uveitis in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wei
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - X Yin
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - H Tang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Y Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Shandong, Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases in Universities, Shandong, Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - B Liu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Q Wu
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Q Tian
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Y Hao
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - H Bi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Shandong, Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases in Universities, Shandong, Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - D Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Shandong, Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases in Universities, Shandong, Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Farag MA, El Debaky FE, Abd El-Rahman SM, Abd el-khalek SM, Fawzy RM. Serum and synovial fluid interleukin-17 concentrations in rheumatoid arthritis patients: Relation to disease activity, radiographic severity and power Doppler ultrasound. THE EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGIST 2020; 42:171-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejr.2020.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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73
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Fletcher JM, Moran B, Petrasca A, Smith CM. IL-17 in inflammatory skin diseases psoriasis and hidradenitis suppurativa. Clin Exp Immunol 2020; 201:121-134. [PMID: 32379344 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin is one of the most important organs in the body, providing integrity and acting as a barrier to exclude microbes, allergens and chemicals. However, chronic skin inflammation can result when barrier function is defective and immune responses are dysregulated or misdirected against harmless or self-antigens. During the last 15 years interleukin (IL)-17 cytokines have emerged as key players in multiple inflammatory disorders, and they appear to be especially prominent in skin inflammation. IL-17 cytokines produced by T cells and other cell types potently activate keratinocytes to promote inflammation in a feed-forward loop. Given this key pathogenic role of the IL-17 pathway in autoimmune and inflammatory disease, it has been the focus of intense efforts to target therapeutically. The inflammatory effects of IL-17 can be targeted directly by blocking the cytokine or its receptor, or indirectly by blocking cytokines upstream of IL-17-producing cells. Psoriasis has been the major success story for anti-IL-17 drugs, where they have proven more effective than in other indications. Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is another inflammatory skin disease which, despite carrying a higher burden than psoriasis, is poorly recognized and under-diagnosed, and current treatment options are inadequate. Recently, a key role for the IL-17 pathway in the pathogenesis of HS has emerged, prompting clinical trials with a variety of IL-17 inhibitors. In this review, we discuss the roles of IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-17C in psoriasis and HS and the strategies taken to target the IL-17 pathway therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Fletcher
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - B Moran
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Petrasca
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C M Smith
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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74
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Discovery and optimization of new oxadiazole substituted thiazole RORγt inverse agonists through a bioisosteric amide replacement approach. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127174. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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75
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Involvement of interleukins-17 and -34 in exacerbated orthodontic root resorption by jiggling force during rat experimental tooth movement. J World Fed Orthod 2020; 9:47-55. [PMID: 32672655 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orthodontically induced root resorption (OIRR) is considered as an undesirable and unpredictable sequel of orthodontic treatment. Recent reports demonstrated that interleukin (IL)-17/IL-34, and T cells secrete inflammatory/osteoclastogenic cytokines, which might stimulate osteoclastogenesis/bone resorption. However, little is known about the role played by IL-17/IL-34 in OIRR. The present study was aimed at investigating the odontoclastic expression pattern of IL-17 and IL-34 in resorbed cementum during different experimental tooth movements in vivo. METHODS Twenty-four 8-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control group, optimal force group (10 g), heavy force group (50 g), and jiggling force group (compression and tension, repetition; 10 g). After 7, 14, and 21 days, the expression levels of IL-17 and IL-34 protein in the resorbed cementum were analyzed using immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS On day 21, the immunoreactivity for IL-17 and IL-34 in resorbed roots in the jiggling force group was stronger than that in the heavy force and optimal force groups. Moreover, the number of IL-17-positive and IL-34-positive odontoclasts was significantly increased in the jiggling force group compared with those in the other groups on day 21. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that jiggling forces might exacerbate OIRR compared with heavy forces, as evidenced by the increased expression of IL-17 and IL-34 in odontoclasts obtained from resorbed roots.
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76
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Gerstner C, Turcinov S, Hensvold AH, Chemin K, Uchtenhagen H, Ramwadhdoebe TH, Dubnovitsky A, Kozhukh G, Rönnblom L, Kwok WW, Achour A, Catrina AI, van Baarsen LGM, Malmström V. Multi-HLA class II tetramer analyses of citrulline-reactive T cells and early treatment response in rheumatoid arthritis. BMC Immunol 2020; 21:27. [PMID: 32423478 PMCID: PMC7236297 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-020-00357-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HLA class II tetramers can be used for ex vivo enumeration and phenotypic characterisation of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells. They are increasingly applied in settings like allergy, vaccination and autoimmune diseases. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder for which many autoantigens have been described. RESULTS Using multi-parameter flow cytometry, we developed a multi-HLA class II tetramer approach to simultaneously study several antigen specificities in RA patient samples. We focused on previously described citrullinated HLA-DRB1*04:01-restricted T cell epitopes from α-enolase, fibrinogen-β, vimentin as well as cartilage intermediate layer protein (CILP). First, we examined inter-assay variability and the sensitivity of the assay in peripheral blood from healthy donors (n = 7). Next, we confirmed the robustness and sensitivity in a cohort of RA patients with repeat blood draws (n = 14). We then applied our method in two different settings. We assessed lymphoid tissue from seropositive arthralgia (n = 5) and early RA patients (n = 5) and could demonstrate autoreactive T cells in individuals at risk of developing RA. Lastly, we studied peripheral blood from early RA patients (n = 10) and found that the group of patients achieving minimum disease activity (DAS28 < 2.6) at 6 months follow-up displayed a decrease in the frequency of citrulline-specific T cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates the development of a sensitive tetramer panel allowing simultaneous characterisation of antigen-specific T cells in ex vivo patient samples including RA 'at risk' subjects. This multi-tetramer approach can be useful for longitudinal immune-monitoring in any disease with known HLA-restriction element and several candidate antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Gerstner
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Turcinov
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aase H Hensvold
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karine Chemin
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hannes Uchtenhagen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Translational Research Program, BRI at Virginia Mason, Seattle, (WA), USA
| | - Tamara H Ramwadhdoebe
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology and Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center (ARC), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anatoly Dubnovitsky
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Genadiy Kozhukh
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Rönnblom
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - William W Kwok
- Translational Research Program, BRI at Virginia Mason, Seattle, (WA), USA
| | - Adnane Achour
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet & Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anca I Catrina
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lisa G M van Baarsen
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology and Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center (ARC), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Vivianne Malmström
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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77
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Nygaard G, Firestein GS. Restoring synovial homeostasis in rheumatoid arthritis by targeting fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2020; 16:316-333. [PMID: 32393826 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-020-0413-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 392] [Impact Index Per Article: 98.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic immune-mediated disease that primarily affects the synovium of diarthrodial joints. During the course of RA, the synovium transforms into a hyperplastic invasive tissue that causes destruction of cartilage and bone. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), which form the lining of the joint, are epigenetically imprinted with an aggressive phenotype in RA and have an important role in these pathological processes. In addition to producing the extracellular matrix and joint lubricants, FLS in RA produce pathogenic mediators such as cytokines and proteases that contribute to disease pathogenesis and perpetuation. The development of multi-omics integrative analyses have enabled new ways to dissect the mechanisms that imprint FLS, have helped to identify potential FLS subsets with distinct functions and have identified differences in FLS phenotypes between joints in individual patients. This Review provides an overview of advances in understanding of FLS biology and highlights omics approaches and studies that hold promise for identifying future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyrid Nygaard
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Gary S Firestein
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA.
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Relationship between T cells and microbiota in health and disease. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2020; 171:95-129. [PMID: 32475529 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the past decades, the fields of microbiology and immunology have largely advanced by using germ-free animals and next-generation sequencing. Many studies revealed the relationship among gut microbiota, activation of immune system, and various diseases. Especially, some gut commensals can generate their antigen-specific T cells. It is becoming clear that commensal bacteria have important roles in various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, such as autism, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Recently, it was reported that commensals contribute to the cancer immune therapy. However, how commensal-specific T cells contribute to the disease development and cancer treatment are not fully understood yet. In this chapter, we will summarize the decade history of the studies associated with commensal-induced T cells and commensal-causing diseases.
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79
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CUX1 and IκBζ (NFKBIZ) mediate the synergistic inflammatory response to TNF and IL-17A in stromal fibroblasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:5532-5541. [PMID: 32079724 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1912702117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of stromal fibroblasts in chronic inflammation is unfolding. In rheumatoid arthritis, leukocyte-derived cytokines TNF and IL-17A work together, activating fibroblasts to become a dominant source of the hallmark cytokine IL-6. However, IL-17A alone has minimal effect on fibroblasts. To identify key mediators of the synergistic response to TNF and IL-17A in human synovial fibroblasts, we performed time series, dose-response, and gene-silencing transcriptomics experiments. Here we show that in combination with TNF, IL-17A selectively induces a specific set of genes mediated by factors including cut-like homeobox 1 (CUX1) and IκBζ (NFKBIZ). In the promoters of CXCL1, CXCL2, and CXCL3, we found a putative CUX1-NF-κB binding motif not found elsewhere in the genome. CUX1 and NF-κB p65 mediate transcription of these genes independent of LIFR, STAT3, STAT4, and ELF3. Transcription of NFKBIZ, encoding the atypical IκB factor IκBζ, is IL-17A dose-dependent, and IκBζ only mediates the transcriptional response to TNF and IL-17A, but not to TNF alone. In fibroblasts, IL-17A response depends on CUX1 and IκBζ to engage the NF-κB complex to produce chemoattractants for neutrophil and monocyte recruitment.
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80
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Hosseini A, Gharibi T, Marofi F, Javadian M, Babaloo Z, Baradaran B. Janus kinase inhibitors: A therapeutic strategy for cancer and autoimmune diseases. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:5903-5924. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Hosseini
- Immunology Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabriz Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of MedicineTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabriz Iran
- Student Research CommitteeTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabriz Iran
- Aging Research InstituteTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabriz Iran
| | - Tohid Gharibi
- Immunology Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabriz Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of MedicineTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabriz Iran
- Student Research CommitteeTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabriz Iran
- Aging Research InstituteTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabriz Iran
| | - Faroogh Marofi
- Department of Immunology, School of MedicineTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabriz Iran
| | - Mahsa Javadian
- Department of Immunology, School of MedicineTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabriz Iran
| | - Zohreh Babaloo
- Immunology Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabriz Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of MedicineTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabriz Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabriz Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of MedicineTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabriz Iran
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Biological and genetic evaluation of IL-23/IL-17 pathway in ankylosing spondylitis patients. Cent Eur J Immunol 2020; 44:433-439. [PMID: 32140056 PMCID: PMC7050057 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2019.92805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis is the most common form of the chronic inflammatory disease group known as spondyloarthritides. Recent discoveries of the CD4+ Th17 cells and IL-23/IL-17 axis have changed the paradigms in many autoimmune diseases. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the importance of IL-23/IL-17 pathway and IL-23 receptor polymorphism in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis. Blood samples for this study were obtained from 109 ankylosing spondylitis patients and 40 healthy control subjects. Serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23 were measured by the ELISA method. The IL-23R gene polymorphisms rs11209026 (Arg381Gln) and rs4131362 (Val362Ile) were performed by the Sanger Sequence method. IL-6 levels were higher in the active and inactive ankylosing spondylitis groups than in the control group. However, levels of IL-17 and IL-23 were lower in the patient group. The frequency of IL-23R gene rs11209026 and rs4131362 polymorphism were 3.7% and 8.3% in the patient, respectively. As a result, dysregulation of the IL-23 / IL-17 pathway, which is caused by reduced levels of IL-17 and IL-23 in systemic circulation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis, may contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease by systemically producing chronic autoimmune inflammation.
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82
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Malaekehpoor SM, Derakhshandeh K, Haddadi R, Nourian A, Ghorbani-Vaghei R. A polymer coated MNP scaffold for targeted drug delivery and improvement of rheumatoid arthritis. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00070a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
DHAA–Fe3O4@HA as a nano-carrier was synthesized for targeted sulfasalazine delivery in specific inflammatory joint tissues with improvement in RA disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katayon Derakhshandeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Hamadan University of Medical Sciences
- Iran
| | - Rasool Haddadi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology
- School of Pharmacy
- Hamadan University of Medical Sciences
- Iran
| | - Alireza Nourian
- Department of Pathobiology
- School of Veterinary Science
- Bu-Ali Sina University
- Hamadan
- Iran
| | - Ramin Ghorbani-Vaghei
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Bu-Ali Sina University
- Hamadan 6517838683
- Iran
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83
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Rivellese F, Pontarini E, Pitzalis C. Tertiary Lymphoid Organs in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2020; 426:119-141. [PMID: 32483659 DOI: 10.1007/82_2020_216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease. RA mainly affects the joints, with inflammation of the synovial membrane, characterized by hyperplasia, neo-angiogenesis, and immune cell infiltration that drives local inflammation and, if untreated, can lead to joint destruction and disability. In parallel to the well-known clinical heterogeneity, the underlying synovitis can also be significantly heterogeneous. In particular, in about 40% of patients with RA, synovitis is characterized by a dense lymphocytic infiltrate that can acquire the features of fully functional tertiary lymphoid organs (TLO). These structures amplify autoimmunity and inflammation locally associated with worse prognosis and potential implications for treatment response. Here, we will review the current knowledge on TLO in RA, with a focus on their pathogenetic and clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felice Rivellese
- Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, John Vane Science Centre, London, UK
| | - Elena Pontarini
- Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, John Vane Science Centre, London, UK
| | - Costantino Pitzalis
- Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, John Vane Science Centre, London, UK.
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84
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Abstract
The involvement of the interleukin (IL)-17 axis in many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases is now well established, and this has led to the development of successful targeted therapies. Its role in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is less described, since SLE is characterized by the impairment of many other immune actors. However, results from animal models and patients strongly suggest that IL-17 and its producing cells are involved in SLE pathogenesis. Circulating levels of IL-17 are increased in lupus, and tissue staining shows the presence of IL-17-producing cells in organ lesions. Through different mechanisms, the IL-17 axis promotes autoantibody production, immune complex deposition, complement activation and then tissue damage. There are also many interactions with other immune and non-immune actors, which account for the broad spectrum of clinical manifestations and disease heterogeneity. SLE treatment faces challenges with many disappointing trials and persistent unmet needs. The identification of subsets of SLE patients with an IL-17-driven disease now constitutes the key priority before starting trials. More preclinical studies are needed to improve the selection of the right patients able to respond and tolerate the many inhibitors that are already available.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Robert
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit EA 4130, University of Lyon 1, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
| | - P Miossec
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit EA 4130, University of Lyon 1, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
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85
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Marcoux D, Duan JJW, Shi Q, Cherney RJ, Srivastava AS, Cornelius L, Batt DG, Liu Q, Beaudoin-Bertrand M, Weigelt CA, Khandelwal P, Vishwakrishnan S, Selvakumar K, Karmakar A, Gupta AK, Basha M, Ramlingam S, Manjunath N, Vanteru S, Karmakar S, Maddala N, Vetrichelvan M, Gupta A, Rampulla RA, Mathur A, Yip S, Li P, Wu DR, Khan J, Ruzanov M, Sack JS, Wang J, Yarde M, Cvijic ME, Li S, Shuster DJ, Borowski V, Xie JH, McIntyre KW, Obermeier MT, Fura A, Stefanski K, Cornelius G, Hynes J, Tino JA, Macor JE, Salter-Cid L, Denton R, Zhao Q, Carter PH, Dhar TGM. Rationally Designed, Conformationally Constrained Inverse Agonists of RORγt-Identification of a Potent, Selective Series with Biologic-Like in Vivo Efficacy. J Med Chem 2019; 62:9931-9946. [PMID: 31638797 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
RORγt is an important nuclear receptor that regulates the production of several pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-17 and IL-22. As a result, RORγt has been identified as a potential target for the treatment of various immunological disorders such as psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and inflammatory bowel diseases. Structure and computer-assisted drug design led to the identification of a novel series of tricyclic RORγt inverse agonists with significantly improved in vitro activity in the reporter (Gal4) and human whole blood assays compared to our previous chemotype. Through careful structure activity relationship, several potent and selective RORγt inverse agonists have been identified. Pharmacokinetic studies allowed the identification of the lead molecule 32 with a low peak-to-trough ratio. This molecule showed excellent activity in an IL-2/IL-23-induced mouse pharmacodynamic study and demonstrated biologic-like efficacy in an IL-23-induced preclinical model of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Marcoux
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - James J-W Duan
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Qing Shi
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Robert J Cherney
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Anurag S Srivastava
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Lyndon Cornelius
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Douglas G Batt
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Qingjie Liu
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Myra Beaudoin-Bertrand
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Carolyn A Weigelt
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Purnima Khandelwal
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Sureshbabu Vishwakrishnan
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Centre , Biocon Park, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road , Bengaluru 560099 , India
| | - Kumaravel Selvakumar
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Centre , Biocon Park, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road , Bengaluru 560099 , India
| | - Ananta Karmakar
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Centre , Biocon Park, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road , Bengaluru 560099 , India
| | - Arun Kumar Gupta
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Centre , Biocon Park, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road , Bengaluru 560099 , India
| | - Mushkin Basha
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Centre , Biocon Park, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road , Bengaluru 560099 , India
| | - Sridharan Ramlingam
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Centre , Biocon Park, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road , Bengaluru 560099 , India
| | - Naveen Manjunath
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Centre , Biocon Park, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road , Bengaluru 560099 , India
| | - Sridhar Vanteru
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Centre , Biocon Park, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road , Bengaluru 560099 , India
| | - Sukhen Karmakar
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Centre , Biocon Park, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road , Bengaluru 560099 , India
| | - Nageswara Maddala
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Centre , Biocon Park, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road , Bengaluru 560099 , India
| | - Muthalagu Vetrichelvan
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Centre , Biocon Park, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road , Bengaluru 560099 , India
| | - Anuradha Gupta
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Centre , Biocon Park, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road , Bengaluru 560099 , India
| | - Richard A Rampulla
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Arvind Mathur
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Shiuhang Yip
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Peng Li
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Dauh-Rurng Wu
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Javed Khan
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Max Ruzanov
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - John S Sack
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Jinhong Wang
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Melissa Yarde
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Mary Ellen Cvijic
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Sha Li
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - David J Shuster
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Virna Borowski
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Jenny H Xie
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Kim W McIntyre
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Mary T Obermeier
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Aberra Fura
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Kevin Stefanski
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Georgia Cornelius
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - John Hynes
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Joseph A Tino
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - John E Macor
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Luisa Salter-Cid
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Rex Denton
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Qihong Zhao
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Percy H Carter
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - T G Murali Dhar
- Research and Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 3551 Lawrenceville Rd , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
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86
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Law ST, Taylor PC. Role of biological agents in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Pharmacol Res 2019; 150:104497. [PMID: 31629903 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Advances in understanding of the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis with concurrent advances in protein engineering led to the development of biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs which have dramatically revolutionized the treatment of this condition. This review article focuses on the role of biological agents currently employed in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, as well as novel biological agents in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shing T Law
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Peter C Taylor
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK.
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87
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Bakheet SA, Ansari MA, Nadeem A, Attia SM, Alhoshani AR, Gul G, Al-Qahtani QH, Albekairi NA, Ibrahim KE, Ahmad SF. CXCR3 antagonist AMG487 suppresses rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis and progression by shifting the Th17/Treg cell balance. Cell Signal 2019; 64:109395. [PMID: 31449849 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that is characterized by uncontrolled joint inflammation and damage to bone and cartilage. Previous studies have shown that chemokine receptors have important roles in RA development, and that blocking these receptors effectively inhibits RA progression. Our study was undertaken to investigate the role of AMG487, a selective CXCR3 antagonist, in DBA/1J mice bearing collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Following induction of CIA, animals were treated with 5 mg/kg AMG487 intraperitoneally every 48 h, starting from day 21 until day 41 and evaluated for clinical score, and histological hallmarks of arthritic inflammation. We further investigated the effect of AMG487 on Th1 (T-bet), Th17 (IL-17A, RORγt, STAT3), Th22 (IL-22), and T regulatory (Treg; Foxp3 and IL-10) cells in splenic CXCR3+ and CD4+ T cells using flow cytometry. We also assessed the effect of AMG487 on T-bet, RORγt, IL-17A, IL-22, Foxp3, and IL-10 at both mRNA and protein levels using RT-PCR and Western blot analyses of knee samples. The severity of clinical scores, and histological inflammatory damage decreased significantly in AMG487-treated compared with CIA control mice. Moreover, the percentage of Th1, Th17, and Th22 cells decreased significantly and that of Treg cells increased in AMG487-treated mice. We further observed that AMG487-treatment downregulated T-bet, IL-17A, RORγt, and IL-22, whereas it upregulated Foxp3 and IL-10 mRNA and protein levels. This study demonstrates the antiarthritic effects of AMG487 in CIA animal model and supports the development of CXCR3 antagonists as a novel strategy for the treatment of inflammatory and arthritic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh A Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushtaq A Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ali R Alhoshani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gazala Gul
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Yenepoya University, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Q H Al-Qahtani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah A Albekairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid E Ibrahim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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88
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Abstract
Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a term that refers to a group of inflammatory diseases that includes psoriatic arthritis, axial SpA and nonradiographic axial SpA, reactive arthritis, enteropathic arthritis and undifferentiated SpA. The disease subtypes share clinical and immunological features, including joint inflammation (peripheral and axial skeleton); skin, gut and eye manifestations; and the absence of diagnostic autoantibodies (seronegative). The diseases also share genetic factors. The aetiology of SpA is still the subject of research by many groups worldwide. Evidence from genetic, experimental and clinical studies has accumulated to indicate a clear role for the IL-17 pathway in the pathogenesis of SpA. The IL-17 family consists of IL-17A, IL-17B, IL-17C, IL-17D, IL-17E and IL-17F, of which IL-17A is the best studied. IL-17A is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that also has the capacity to promote angiogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. Of the six family members, IL-17A has the strongest homology with IL-17F. In this Review, we discuss how IL-17A and IL-17F and their cellular sources might contribute to the immunopathology of SpA.
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89
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Implication of IL-17 in Bone Loss and Structural Damage in Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:8659302. [PMID: 31485194 PMCID: PMC6710740 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8659302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Proinflammatory cytokines play an important role in the systemic and focal bone loss associated with chronic inflammatory diseases. Targeting these cytokines with biologics and small molecules has led to a major improvement of the bone health of patients with inflammatory arthritis. Cytokines from the IL-17 family have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases such as spondyloarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, or psoriasis. IL-17A has been the first described and the most studied. The recent development of targeted therapies against IL-17A or its receptor and their efficacy has confirmed the importance of this cytokine in the development of inflammatory diseases. The aim of this review was to describe the effects of the IL-17 family and more particularly of IL-17A on bone and cartilage tissues. At the cellular level, IL-17A is proosteoclastogenic whereas its effects on osteoblasts depend on the stage of differentiation of these cells. In vivo, IL-17A is not required for normal bone homeostasis but plays an important role in bone loss notably in an ovariectomized mouse model of osteoporosis. Preliminary data from clinical trials showed a stabilisation of bone density in patients treated with anti-IL-17A antibodies. IL-17A plays a central role in the cartilage damage through the induction of collagenases and by decreasing the expression of their inhibitors in synergy with the other proinflammatory cytokines. The prevention of structural damage by anti-IL-17A therapies has been demonstrated in several pivotal clinical trials. Overall, blocking the IL-17A pathway seems to have a positive effect on the bone and cartilage damage observed in inflammatory arthritis. Differences and specificity of these effects compared to those already described with other biologics such as anti-TNF therapies remain to be explored.
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90
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Gonzalez-Orozco M, Barbosa-Cobos RE, Santana-Sanchez P, Becerril-Mendoza L, Limon-Camacho L, Juarez-Estrada AI, Lugo-Zamudio GE, Moreno-Rodriguez J, Ortiz-Navarrete V. Endogenous stimulation is responsible for the high frequency of IL-17A-producing neutrophils in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2019; 15:44. [PMID: 31388340 PMCID: PMC6676628 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-019-0359-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neutrophils play an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It has recently been reported that in addition to T helper (Th) 17 cells, other cells, including neutrophils, produce IL-17A, an important inflammatory cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of RA. The purpose of this study was to examine the presence of interleukin 17A-producing neutrophils in patients with RA. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study including 106 patients with RA and 56 healthy individuals. Whole peripheral blood cells were analyzed by flow cytometry to identify CD66b+ CD177+ IL-17A+ neutrophils and CD3+ CD4+ IL-17A+ T cells. Serum levels of IL-17A and IL-6 were measured by means of cytometry bead array (CBA). In purified neutrophils, mRNA levels of IL-17 and RORγ were measured by RT-PCR. In addition, purified neutrophils from patients and healthy controls were stimulated with the cytokines IL-6 and IL-23 to evaluate differences in their capacity to produce IL-17A. Results Neutrophils from RA patients expressed IL-17 and RORγ mRNA. Consequently, these cells also expressed IL-17A. Serum IL-17A levels but not Th17 cell numbers were increased in RA patients. Neutrophils positive for cytoplasmic IL-17A were more abundant in patients with RA (mean 1.2 ± 3.18%) than in healthy individuals (mean 0.07 ± 0.1%) (p < 0.0001). Although increased IL-17A+ neutrophil numbers were present in RA patients regardless of disease activity (mean 6.5 ± 5.14%), they were more frequent in patients with a more recent diagnosis (mean time after disease onset 3.5 ± 4.24 years). IL-6 and IL-23 induced the expression of RORγ but failed to induce IL-17A expression by neutrophils from RA patients and healthy individuals after a 3 h stimulation. Conclusion IL-17A-producing neutrophils are increased in some RA patients, which are not related to disease activity but have an increased frequency in patients with recent-onset disease. This finding suggests that IL-17A-producing neutrophils play an early role in the development of RA. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13223-019-0359-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gonzalez-Orozco
- 1Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosa E Barbosa-Cobos
- 2Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Juarez de Mexico, Av. IPN 5160, 07760 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Paola Santana-Sanchez
- 1Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Leonardo Limon-Camacho
- 3Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Central Norte, Pemex, Campo Matillas 52, 02720 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana I Juarez-Estrada
- 1Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gustavo E Lugo-Zamudio
- 2Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Juarez de Mexico, Av. IPN 5160, 07760 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jose Moreno-Rodriguez
- 4Direccion de Enseñanza e Investigacion, Hospital Juarez de Mexico, Av. IPN 5160, 07760 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Vianney Ortiz-Navarrete
- 1Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
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Lu Z, Duan JJW, Xiao H, Neels J, Wu DR, Weigelt CA, Sack JS, Khan J, Ruzanov M, An Y, Yarde M, Karmakar A, Vishwakrishnan S, Baratam V, Shankarappa H, Vanteru S, Babu V, Basha M, Kumar Gupta A, Kumaravel S, Mathur A, Zhao Q, Salter-Cid LM, Carter PH, Murali Dhar T. Identification of potent, selective and orally bioavailable phenyl ((R)-3-phenylpyrrolidin-3-yl)sulfone analogues as RORγt inverse agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:2265-2269. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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92
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Noack M, Beringer A, Miossec P. Additive or Synergistic Interactions Between IL-17A or IL-17F and TNF or IL-1β Depend on the Cell Type. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1726. [PMID: 31396230 PMCID: PMC6664074 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: IL-17A has effects on several cell types and is a therapeutic target in several inflammatory diseases. IL-17F shares 50% homology and biological activities with IL-17A. It is now of interest to target both cytokines. The objective was to compare the IL-17A and IL-17F effect on cytokine production by RA synoviocytes, and to extend to other cells. Methods: Cells (RA synoviocytes, psoriasis skin fibroblasts, endothelial cells, myoblasts, and hepatocytes) were cultured in the presence or not of: IL-17A, IL-17F, TNF, IL-1β alone or their combinations, IL-17A/TNF, IL-17A/IL-1β, IL-17A/TNF/IL-1β, IL-17F/TNF, IL-17F/IL-1β, and IL-17F/TNF/IL-1β. All experiments were performed in parallel to reduce variability. After 48 h, supernatants were recovered and IL-6 and IL-8 levels were measured by ELISA. Results: IL-17A and IL-17F alone increased significantly IL-6 and IL-8 productions by synoviocytes, with a stronger effect for IL-17A. For IL-6 production, TNF or IL-1β alone had the largest effect on myoblasts (5-fold increase), while for IL-8 production, it was on skin fibroblasts (5-fold increase). The IL-17A/TNF synergistic increase was observed on all cells for IL-6; and for IL-8, except for endothelial cells. For IL-17F/TNF, except with endothelial cells, a synergistic effect was also observed, but less powerful than with IL-17A/TNF. IL-17A/IL-1β or IL-17F/IL-1β effect was cell-type dependent, with an additive effect for synoviocytes (1.6 and 2-fold increase, respectively for IL-6, and 1.8 and 2-fold increase, respectively for IL-8) and a synergistic effect for hepatocytes (3.8 and 4.2-fold increase, respectively for IL-6, and 6 and 2-fold increase, respectively for IL-8). The three-cytokine combination induced an additive effect for synoviocytes and a synergistic effect for skin fibroblasts. Conclusion: IL-17A and IL-17F acted similarly by inducing pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, with a stronger response intensity with IL-17A. Their activities were potentiated by the combination with TNF and IL-1β, with an effect dependent on the cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Noack
- Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit, EA 4130, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon and University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Audrey Beringer
- Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit, EA 4130, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon and University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Miossec
- Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit, EA 4130, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon and University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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93
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Beringer A, Miossec P. Systemic effects of IL-17 in inflammatory arthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2019; 15:491-501. [PMID: 31227819 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-019-0243-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory arthritis occurs in many diseases and is characterized by joint inflammation and damage. However, the inflammatory state in arthritis is commonly associated with systemic manifestations, which are generally linked to a poor prognosis. The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-17 functions within a complex network of cytokines and contributes to the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases. Three IL-17 inhibitors have already been approved for the treatment of psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. After a brief description of IL-17 and its local effects on joints, this Review focuses on the systemic effects of IL-17 in inflammatory arthritis. Increased circulating concentrations of bioactive IL-17 mediate changes in blood vessels, liver and cardiac and skeletal muscles. The effects of IL-17 on vascular and cardiac cells might contribute to the increased risk of cardiovascular events that occurs in all patients with inflammatory disorders. In the liver, IL-17 contributes to the high circulating concentrations of acute-phase proteins, such as C-reactive protein, and the appearance of liver lesions. In skeletal muscle, IL-17 contributes to muscle contractibility defects and weakness. Thus, targeting IL-17 might have beneficial effects at both local and systemic levels, and could also be proposed for the treatment of a wider range of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Beringer
- Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit, EA 4130, University of Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Miossec
- Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit, EA 4130, University of Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
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94
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Wu D, Hou SY, Zhao S, Hou LX, Jiao T, Xu NN, Zhang N. Meta-analysis of IL-17 inhibitors in two populations of rheumatoid arthritis patients: biologic-naïve or tumor necrosis factor inhibitor inadequate responders. Clin Rheumatol 2019; 38:2747-2756. [PMID: 31165341 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-019-04608-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the efficacy and safety of interleukin 17 (IL-17) inhibitors in two rheumatoid arthritis (RA) populations: biologic-naïve or tumor necrosis factor inhibitor inadequate responders (TNF-IR). METHOD A systematic search was performed in major electronic databases to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting the American College of Rheumatology 20% (ACR20), ACR50, ACR70 responses and adverse events (AEs) of IL-17 inhibitors versus placebo in patients with RA. We divided these patients into two subgroups: biologic-naïve or TNF-IR. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3 software. Results were expressed as risk ratio (RR) with pertinent 95% confidence interval (95% CI). RESULTS Ten studies with a total of 2499 patients were included. For biologic-naïve patients, ACR50 and ACR70 responses were significantly better with IL-17 inhibitors than placebo (RR = 1.71, 95% CI 1.23-2.38, P = 0.001 and RR = 2.63, 95% CI 1.10-6.25, P = 0.03, respectively), but ACR20 responses for IL-17 inhibitors were not statistically superior to placebo (RR = 1.34, 95% CI 0.94-1.91, P = 0.11). For TNF-IR, IL-17 inhibitors were effective in achieving ACR20 (RR = 1.67, 95% CI 1.40-2.00, P < 0.00001), ACR50 (RR = 1.94, 95% CI 1.43-2.63, P < 0.0001), and ACR70 (RR = 2.11, 95% CI 1.26-3.55, P = 0.005) compared to placebo. In the safety analysis, IL-17 inhibitors did not show increased risk of any AEs by comparing to placebo in both biologic-naïve patients and TNF-IR. CONCLUSION IL-17 inhibitors were effective in the treatment of RA without increased risk of AEs, whether for biologic-naïve patients or TNF-IR. Key Points • In this meta-analysis comparing IL-17 inhibitors with placebo in 2499 rheumatoid arthritis patients, IL-17 inhibitors improved ACR50 and ACR70, but not ACR20, responses in biologic-naïve patients. • IL-17 inhibitors improved ACR20, ACR50, and ACR70 responses in tumor necrosis factor inhibitor inadequate responders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- Second Department of Rheumatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110072, Liaoning, China
| | - Si-Yuan Hou
- Intensive Care Unit, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, NO. 33 Wenyi Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Second Department of Rheumatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110072, Liaoning, China
| | - Lin-Xin Hou
- Second Department of Rheumatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110072, Liaoning, China
| | - Ting Jiao
- Second Department of Rheumatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110072, Liaoning, China
| | - Nan-Nan Xu
- Second Department of Rheumatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110072, Liaoning, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Second Department of Rheumatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110072, Liaoning, China.
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95
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Efficacy and safety of secukinumab in active rheumatoid arthritis with an inadequate response to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors: a meta-analysis of phase III randomized controlled trials. Clin Rheumatol 2019; 38:2765-2776. [PMID: 31087226 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-019-04595-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To address the efficacy and safety of secukinumab in comparison with placebo in active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients who had an inadequate response to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors. METHODS Databases of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched to identify the relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated with the Mantel-Haenszel random effects method. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran Q and I2 tests. RESULTS A total of 1292 patients from three phase III RCT studies were included. Compared with placebo, secukinumab 150 mg was superior at 24 weeks in terms of ACR20 with RR (1.66, 95% CI 1.33, 2.08; P < 0.0001; I2 = 0%), ACR50 (1.88, 95% CI 1.29, 2.72; P = 0.0009; I2 = 0%), and ACR70 (2.15, 95% CI 1.15, 4.02; P = 0.02; I2 = 0%). Consistent effects were also observed in pooled group of 150 mg and 75 mg secukinumab. For secukinumab 75 mg alone, ACR20 response rate was significantly higher compared with placebo (RR 1.62, 95% CI 1.29, 2.03; P < 0.00001; I2 = 0%). Although ACR50 and ACR70 response rates showed a favorable trend to be higher, no statistical difference was observed (RR 1.68, 95% CI 0.99, 2.85, P = 0.05, I2 = 47%; RR 1.81, 95% CI 0.78, 4.21, P = 0.17, I2 = 34%, respectively). Compared with the placebo group, there was no increased risk of adverse effects (AEs) and serious AEs at 16 weeks in the pooled secukinumab group. CONCLUSIONS In active RA patients with an inadequate response to TNF inhibitors, secukinumab may be a therapeutic option. Secukinumab 150 mg showed significantly better clinical efficacy with no increased risk of AEs and serious AEs compared with placebo. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trials.gov identifier: NCT01770379, NCT01350804, NCT01377012 Key Points • Secukinumab 150 mg showed significantly better clinical efficacy in active RA patients with an inadequate response to TNF inhibitors. • No increased risk of AEs and serious AEs in secukinumab group compared with placebo.
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96
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Ongchai S, Chokchaitaweesuk C, Kongdang P, Chomdej S, Buddhachat K. In vitro chondroprotective potential of Senna alata and Senna tora in porcine cartilage explants and their species differentiation by DNA barcoding-high resolution melting (Bar-HRM) analysis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215664. [PMID: 31002692 PMCID: PMC6474626 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Senna species and anthraquinone derivatives generated by these organisms, rhein and aloe-emodin, exert anti-inflammatory effects. These species present a similar morphology but produce different ingredients when they are used as medicinal products. In this study, a DNA barcoding- (Bar-) high-resolution melting (HRM) technique was developed using internal transcribed sequence 2 (ITS2) to differentiate between Senna alata and Senna tora as a result of significant differences in their melting profiles. We used this approach for confirmation of S. alata and S. tora raw materials, and we examined the chondroprotective properties of the ethanolic extracts of S. alata and S. tora using a porcine model of cartilage degradation induced by a combination of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and IL-1β. We found that both Senna ethanolic extracts, at a concentration of 25 μg/mL, effectively prevented cartilage degradation. Rhein and aloe-emodin were present in the extract of S. alata but not in that of S. tora. We observed a reduction in the release of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (S-GAGs) and hyaluronic acid (HA) into media in both treatments of Senna extracts, which indicated proteoglycan preservation in explant tissues. These results suggest that neither rhein nor aloe-emodin are the main factors responsible for cartilage-protecting properties. Taken together, results show that both S. alata and S. tora are promising for further development as anti-osteoarthritic agents and that Bar-HRM using ITS2 could be applied for species confirmation with Senna products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriwan Ongchai
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chatchadawalai Chokchaitaweesuk
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Patiwat Kongdang
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriwadee Chomdej
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kittisak Buddhachat
- Excellent Center in Veterinary Bioscience, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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97
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Luque-Campos N, Contreras-López RA, Jose Paredes-Martínez M, Torres MJ, Bahraoui S, Wei M, Espinoza F, Djouad F, Elizondo-Vega RJ, Luz-Crawford P. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve Rheumatoid Arthritis Progression by Controlling Memory T Cell Response. Front Immunol 2019; 10:798. [PMID: 31040848 PMCID: PMC6477064 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last years, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies have become an interesting therapeutic opportunity for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) due to their capacity to potently modulate the immune response. RA is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorder with an incompletely understood etiology. However, it has been well described that peripheral tolerance defects and the subsequent abnormal infiltration and activation of diverse immune cells into the synovial membrane, are critical for RA development and progression. Moreover, the imbalance between the immune response of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cells, in particular between memory Th17 and memory regulatory T cells (Treg), respectively, is well admitted to be associated to RA immunopathogenesis. In this context, MSCs, which are able to alter the frequency and function of memory lymphocytes including Th17, follicular helper T (Tfh) cells and gamma delta (γδ) T cells while promoting Treg cell generation, have been proposed as a candidate of choice for RA cell therapy. Indeed, given the plasticity of memory CD4+ T cells, it is reasonable to think that MSCs will restore the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory memory T cells populations deregulated in RA leading to prompt their therapeutic function. In the present review, we will discuss the role of memory T cells implicated in RA pathogenesis and the beneficial effects exerted by MSCs on the phenotype and functions of these immune cells abnormally regulated in RA and how this regulation could impact RA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noymar Luque-Campos
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rafael A Contreras-López
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Jose Paredes-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maria Jose Torres
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | | | - Mingxing Wei
- Cellvax, SAS, Parc BIOCITECH, Romainville, France
| | | | | | - Roberto Javier Elizondo-Vega
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Patricia Luz-Crawford
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
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98
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Tait Wojno ED, Hunter CA, Stumhofer JS. The Immunobiology of the Interleukin-12 Family: Room for Discovery. Immunity 2019; 50:851-870. [PMID: 30995503 PMCID: PMC6472917 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of interleukin (IL)-6 and its receptor subunits provided a foundation to understand the biology of a group of related cytokines: IL-12, IL-23, and IL-27. These family members utilize shared receptors and cytokine subunits and influence the outcome of cancer, infection, and inflammatory diseases. Consequently, many facets of their biology are being therapeutically targeted. Here, we review the landmark discoveries in this field, the combinatorial biology inherent to this family, and how patient datasets have underscored the critical role of these pathways in human disease. We present significant knowledge gaps, including how similar signals from these cytokines can mediate distinct outcomes, and discuss how a better understanding of the biology of the IL-12 family provides new therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia D Tait Wojno
- Baker Institute for Animal Health and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, 235 Hungerford Hill Rd., Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Christopher A Hunter
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 380 South University Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19104-4539, USA.
| | - Jason S Stumhofer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham St., Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
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99
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Yasuda K, Takeuchi Y, Hirota K. The pathogenicity of Th17 cells in autoimmune diseases. Semin Immunopathol 2019; 41:283-297. [PMID: 30891627 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-019-00733-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
IL-17-producing T helper (Th17) cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Targeting the effector cytokines IL-17 and GM-CSF secreted by autoimmune Th17 cells has been shown to be effective for the treatment of the diseases. Understanding a molecular basis of Th17 differentiation and effector functions is therefore critical for the regulation of the pathogenicity of tissue Th17 cells in chronic inflammation. Here, we discuss the roles of proinflammatory cytokines and environmental stimuli in the control of Th17 differentiation and chronic tissue inflammation by pathogenic Th17 cells in humans and in mouse models of autoimmune diseases. We also highlight recent advances in the regulation of pathogenic Th17 cells by gut microbiota and immunometabolism in autoimmune arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Yasuda
- Laboratory of Integrative Biological Science, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.,Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takeuchi
- Laboratory of Integrative Biological Science, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keiji Hirota
- Laboratory of Integrative Biological Science, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
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100
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Lavoz C, Matus YS, Orejudo M, Carpio JD, Droguett A, Egido J, Mezzano S, Ruiz-Ortega M. Interleukin-17A blockade reduces albuminuria and kidney injury in an accelerated model of diabetic nephropathy. Kidney Int 2019; 95:1418-1432. [PMID: 30982673 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common complications of diabetes, and currently the first end-stage renal disease worldwide. New strategies to treat DN using agents that target inflammatory pathways have attracted special interest. Recent pieces of evidences suggest a promising effect of IL-17A, the Th17 effector cytokine. Among experimental DN models, mouse strain BTBR ob/ob (leptin deficiency mutation) develops histological features similar to human DN, which means an opportunity to study mechanisms and novel therapies aimed at DN regression. We found that BTBR ob/ob mice presented renal activation of the factors controlling Th17 differentiation. The presence of IL-17A-expressing cells, mainly CD4+ and γδ lymphocytes, was associated with upregulation of proinflammatory factors, macrophage infiltration and the beginning of renal damage. To study IL-17A involvement in experimental DN pathogenesis, treatment with an IL-17A neutralizing antibody was carried out starting when the renal damage had already appeared. IL-17A blockade ameliorated renal dysfunction and disease progression in BTBR ob/ob mice. These beneficial effects correlated to podocyte number restoration and inhibition of NF-κB/proinflammatory factors linked to a decrease in renal inflammatory-cell infiltration. These data demonstrate that IL-17A takes part in diabetes-mediated renal damage and could be a promising therapeutic target to improve DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Lavoz
- Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Universidad Austral, Valdivia, Chile.
| | | | - Macarena Orejudo
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Daniel Carpio
- Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Universidad Austral, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Alejandra Droguett
- Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Universidad Austral, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Jesús Egido
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Mezzano
- Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Universidad Austral, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
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