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Taylor ML, Giacalone AG, Amrhein KD, Wilson RE, Wang Y, Huang X. Nanomaterials for Molecular Detection and Analysis of Extracellular Vesicles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:524. [PMID: 36770486 PMCID: PMC9920192 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a novel resource of biomarkers for cancer and certain other diseases. Probing EVs in body fluids has become of major interest in the past decade in the development of a new-generation liquid biopsy for cancer diagnosis and monitoring. However, sensitive and specific molecular detection and analysis are challenging, due to the small size of EVs, low amount of antigens on individual EVs, and the complex biofluid matrix. Nanomaterials have been widely used in the technological development of protein and nucleic acid-based EV detection and analysis, owing to the unique structure and functional properties of materials at the nanometer scale. In this review, we summarize various nanomaterial-based analytical technologies for molecular EV detection and analysis. We discuss these technologies based on the major types of nanomaterials, including plasmonic, fluorescent, magnetic, organic, carbon-based, and certain other nanostructures. For each type of nanomaterial, functional properties are briefly described, followed by the applications of the nanomaterials for EV biomarker detection, profiling, and analysis in terms of detection mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaohua Huang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
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52
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Dong W, Yang Z, He J, Kong C, Nie Z. Vesicular self-assembly of copolymer-grafted nanoparticles with anisotropic shapes. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:634-639. [PMID: 36562393 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01401g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanovesicles show broad applications in areas such as cancer theranostics and drug delivery, but the preparation of nanovesicles from shaped nanoparticles remains challenging. This article describes the vesicular self-assembly of shaped nanoparticles, such as gold nanocubes grafted with amphiphilic block copolymers, in selective solvents. The nanocubes assembled within the vesicular membranes exhibit two distinctive packing modes, namely square-like and hexagonal packing, depending on the relative dimensions of the copolymer ligands and nanocubes. The corresponding optical properties of the plasmonic nanovesicles can be tuned by varying the length of the grafted copolymers and the size of the nanocubes. This work provides guidance for the fabrication of functional plasmonic vesicles for applications in catalysis, nanomedicines and optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Zhimao Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Non-equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China.
| | - Jie He
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA.
| | - Chuncai Kong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Non-equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China.
| | - Zhihong Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
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Arsalani S, Arsalani S, Isikawa M, Guidelli EJ, Mazon EE, Ramos AP, Bakuzis A, Pavan TZ, Baffa O, Carneiro AAO. Hybrid Nanoparticles of Citrate-Coated Manganese Ferrite and Gold Nanorods in Magneto-Optical Imaging and Thermal Therapy. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:434. [PMID: 36770395 PMCID: PMC9921964 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of nanomaterials has drawn considerable attention in nanomedicine to advance cancer diagnosis and treatment over the last decades. Gold nanorods (GNRs) and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been known as commonly used nanostructures in biomedical applications due to their attractive optical properties and superparamagnetic (SP) behaviors, respectively. In this study, we proposed a simple combination of plasmonic and SP properties into hybrid NPs of citrate-coated manganese ferrite (Ci-MnFe2O4) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-coated GNRs (CTAB-GNRs). In this regard, two different samples were prepared: the first was composed of Ci-MnFe2O4 (0.4 wt%), and the second contained hybrid NPs of Ci-MnFe2O4 (0.4 wt%) and CTAB-GNRs (0.04 wt%). Characterization measurements such as UV-Visible spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed electrostatic interactions caused by the opposing surface charges of hybrid NPs, which resulted in the formation of small nanoclusters. The performance of the two samples was investigated using magneto-motive ultrasound imaging (MMUS). The sample containing Ci-MnFe2O4_CTAB-GNRs demonstrated a displacement nearly two-fold greater than just using Ci-MnFe2O4; therefore, enhancing MMUS image contrast. Furthermore, the preliminary potential of these hybrid NPs was also examined in magnetic hyperthermia (MH) and photoacoustic imaging (PAI) modalities. Lastly, these hybrid NPs demonstrated high stability and an absence of aggregation in water and phosphate buffer solution (PBS) medium. Thus, Ci-MnFe2O4_CTAB-GNRs hybrid NPs can be considered as a potential contrast agent in MMUS and PAI and a heat generator in MH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeideh Arsalani
- Department of Physics, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Soudabeh Arsalani
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestrasse 2-12, D-10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mileni Isikawa
- Department of Physics, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eder J. Guidelli
- Department of Physics, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ernesto E. Mazon
- Department of Physics, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Ramos
- Department of Chemistry, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andris Bakuzis
- Institute of Physics and CNanoMed, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Theo Z. Pavan
- Department of Physics, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Oswaldo Baffa
- Department of Physics, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio A. O. Carneiro
- Department of Physics, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, São Paulo, Brazil
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54
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Liu JJ, Wen S, Yan HH, Cheng R, Zhu F, Gao PF, Zou HY, Huang CZ, Wang J. The Accurate Imaging of Collective Gold Nanorods with a Polarization-Dependent Dark-Field Light Scattering Microscope. Anal Chem 2023; 95:1169-1175. [PMID: 36541029 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Anisotropic nanomaterials, such as gold nanorods (AuNRs), could be employed as an orientation platform due to their polarization-dependent surface plasmon resonance. However, a variety of factors would affect the dark-field light scattering imaging of anisotropic nanomaterials, resulting in an unstable signal, which is not advantageous to its further application. In this work, the localized surface plasmon resonance properties of a few AuNRs at different angles were excited by polarization with a conventional dark-field microscope, in which it was found that the ratio of AuNRs' light scattering intensity at different polarization angles (I) to that without a polarizer (I0) reflected the orientation information of AuNRs. Furthermore, the light scattering signal ratio between the parallel polarization (Ip) and that without a polarizer (I0) was closely related with the aspect ratio of AuNRs, which could not be affected by external conditions. To verify this concept, a highly sensitive and selective assay of the alkaline phosphatase activity in human serum was successfully developed based on the chemical etching of AuNRs, resulting in a lower aspect ratio and a lesser Ip/I0. This result holds great promise for polarization-dependent colorimetric nanomaterials and single-particle tracers in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Wen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, P. R. China
| | - Hui Hong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, P. R. China
| | - Ru Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, P. R. China
| | - Fu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, P. R. China
| | - Peng Fei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, P. R. China
| | - Hong Yan Zou
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, P. R. China
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55
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Nanoparticles for Therapy and Diagnostic Imaging Techniques in Cancer. Cancer Nanotechnol 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-17831-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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56
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Wang S, Liu X, Mourdikoudis S, Chen J, Fu W, Sofer Z, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Zheng G. Chiral Au Nanorods: Synthesis, Chirality Origin, and Applications. ACS NANO 2022; 16:19789-19809. [PMID: 36454684 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c08145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chiral Au nanorods (c-Au NRs) with diverse architectures constitute an interesting nanospecies in the field of chiral nanophotonics. The numerous possible plasmonic behaviors of Au NRs can be coupled with chirality to initiate, tune, and amplify their chiroptical response. Interdisciplinary technologies have boosted the development of fabrication and applications of c-Au NRs. Herein, we have focused on the role of chirality in c-Au NRs which helps to manipulate the light-matter interaction in nontraditional ways. A broad overview on the chirality origin, chirality transfer, chiroptical activities, artificially synthetic methodologies, and circularly polarized applications of c-Au NRs will be summarized and discussed. A deeper understanding of light-matter interaction in c-Au NRs will help to manipulate the chirality at the nanoscale, reveal the natural evolution process taking place, and set up a series of circularly polarized applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenli Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xing Liu
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Stefanos Mourdikoudis
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 16628, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Fu
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Zdeněk Sofer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 16628, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Shunping Zhang
- School of Physics and Technology and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, P. R. China
| | - Guangchao Zheng
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
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57
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Fu H, Ding N, Ma D, Xu Q, Lin B, Qiu B, Lin Z, Guo L. Green Synthesis of Three-Dimensional Au Nanorods@TiO 2 Nanocomposites as Self-Cleaning SERS Substrate for Sensitive, Recyclable, and In Situ Sensing Environmental Pollutants. BIOSENSORS 2022; 13:7. [PMID: 36671842 PMCID: PMC9856196 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a simple, low-cost, green, and mild method for the preparation of three-dimensional nanocomposite materials of gold nanorods (Au NRs)@TiO2 is reported. The surface of Au NRs was coated with TiO2 in situ reduction at room temperature without a complicated operation. The synthetic Au NRs@TiO2 nanocomposites were used as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) active substrates for the reusable and sensitive detection of environmental pollutants. The results showed that the pollutants on Au NRs@TiO2 nanocomposites have higher SERS activity and reproducibility than those on the Au NR substrate without the presence of TiO2. Moreover, the SERS substrate can be readily recycled by UV-assisted self-cleaning to remove residual analyte molecules. Malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV) were used as examples to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed sensor for the sensitive detection of environmental pollutants. The results showed that the limit of detections (LODs) were 0.75 μg/L and 0.50 μg/L for MG and CV, respectively, with the recoveries ranging from 86.67% to 91.20% and 83.70% to 89.00%. Meanwhile, the SERS substrate can be easily regenerated by UV light irradiation. Our investigation revealed that within three cycles, the Au NRs@TiO2 substrates still maintained the high SERS enhancement effect that they showed when first used for SERS detection. These results indicated that the method can be used to detect MG and CV in really complex samples. Due to the high sensitivity, reusability, and portability and the rapid detection property of the proposed sensor, it can have potential applications in the on-site detection of environmental pollutants in a complex sample matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Fu
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Institute of Nanomedicine and Nanobiosensing, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Ning Ding
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Dan Ma
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Qing Xu
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Bingyong Lin
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Bin Qiu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Institute of Nanomedicine and Nanobiosensing, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Zhenyu Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Institute of Nanomedicine and Nanobiosensing, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Longhua Guo
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Institute of Nanomedicine and Nanobiosensing, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
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58
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Nguyen QN, Wang C, Shang Y, Janssen A, Xia Y. Colloidal Synthesis of Metal Nanocrystals: From Asymmetrical Growth to Symmetry Breaking. Chem Rev 2022; 123:3693-3760. [PMID: 36547384 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nanocrystals offer a unique platform for tailoring the physicochemical properties of solid materials to enhance their performances in various applications. While most work on controlling their shapes revolves around symmetrical growth, the introduction of asymmetrical growth and thus symmetry breaking has also emerged as a powerful route to enrich metal nanocrystals with new shapes and complex morphologies as well as unprecedented properties and functionalities. The success of this route critically relies on our ability to lift the confinement on symmetry by the underlying unit cell of the crystal structure and/or the initial seed in a systematic manner. This Review aims to provide an account of recent progress in understanding and controlling asymmetrical growth and symmetry breaking in a colloidal synthesis of noble-metal nanocrystals. With a touch on both the nucleation and growth steps, we discuss a number of methods capable of generating seeds with diverse symmetry while achieving asymmetrical growth for mono-, bi-, and multimetallic systems. We then showcase a variety of symmetry-broken nanocrystals that have been reported, together with insights into their growth mechanisms. We also highlight their properties and applications and conclude with perspectives on future directions in developing this class of nanomaterials. It is hoped that the concepts and existing challenges outlined in this Review will drive further research into understanding and controlling the symmetry breaking process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quynh N. Nguyen
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia30332, United States
| | - Chenxiao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia30332, United States
| | - Yuxin Shang
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia30332, United States
| | - Annemieke Janssen
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia30332, United States
| | - Younan Xia
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia30332, United States
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia30332, United States
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59
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Son J, Kim GH, Lee Y, Lee C, Cha S, Nam JM. Toward Quantitative Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering with Plasmonic Nanoparticles: Multiscale View on Heterogeneities in Particle Morphology, Surface Modification, Interface, and Analytical Protocols. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:22337-22351. [PMID: 36473154 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) provides significantly enhanced Raman scattering signals from molecules adsorbed on plasmonic nanostructures, as well as the molecules' vibrational fingerprints. Plasmonic nanoparticle systems are particularly powerful for SERS substrates as they provide a wide range of structural features and plasmonic couplings to boost the enhancement, often up to >108-1010. Nevertheless, nanoparticle-based SERS is not widely utilized as a means for reliable quantitative measurement of molecules largely due to limited controllability, uniformity, and scalability of plasmonic nanoparticles, poor molecular modification chemistry, and a lack of widely used analytical protocols for SERS. Furthermore, multiscale issues with plasmonic nanoparticle systems that range from atomic and molecular scales to assembled nanostructure scale are difficult to simultaneously control, analyze, and address. In this perspective, we introduce and discuss the design principles and key issues in preparing SERS nanoparticle substrates and the recent studies on the uniform and controllable synthesis and newly emerging machine learning-based analysis of plasmonic nanoparticle systems for quantitative SERS. Specifically, the multiscale point of view with plasmonic nanoparticle systems toward quantitative SERS is provided throughout this perspective. Furthermore, issues with correctly estimating and comparing SERS enhancement factors are discussed, and newly emerging statistical and artificial intelligence approaches for analyzing complex SERS systems are introduced and scrutinized to address challenges that cannot be fully resolved through synthetic improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwoong Son
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Gyeong-Hwan Kim
- The Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Yeonhee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Chungyeon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Seungsang Cha
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Jwa-Min Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
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60
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Youden B, Jiang R, Carrier AJ, Servos MR, Zhang X. A Nanomedicine Structure-Activity Framework for Research, Development, and Regulation of Future Cancer Therapies. ACS NANO 2022; 16:17497-17551. [PMID: 36322785 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c06337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite their clinical success in drug delivery applications, the potential of theranostic nanomedicines is hampered by mechanistic uncertainty and a lack of science-informed regulatory guidance. Both the therapeutic efficacy and the toxicity of nanoformulations are tightly controlled by the complex interplay of the nanoparticle's physicochemical properties and the individual patient/tumor biology; however, it can be difficult to correlate such information with observed outcomes. Additionally, as nanomedicine research attempts to gradually move away from large-scale animal testing, the need for computer-assisted solutions for evaluation will increase. Such models will depend on a clear understanding of structure-activity relationships. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the field of cancer nanomedicine and provides a knowledge framework and foundational interaction maps that can facilitate future research, assessments, and regulation. By forming three complementary maps profiling nanobio interactions and pathways at different levels of biological complexity, a clear picture of a nanoparticle's journey through the body and the therapeutic and adverse consequences of each potential interaction are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Youden
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Runqing Jiang
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Medical Physics, Grand River Regional Cancer Centre, Kitchener, Ontario N2G 1G3, Canada
| | - Andrew J Carrier
- Department of Chemistry, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, Nova Scotia B1P 6L2, Canada
| | - Mark R Servos
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, Nova Scotia B1P 6L2, Canada
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61
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Gold Nanoparticles-Mediated Photothermal Therapy of Pancreas Using GATE: A New Simulation Platform. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225686. [PMID: 36428778 PMCID: PMC9688087 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This work presents the first investigation of gold nanorods (GNRs)-based photothermal therapy of the pancreas tumor using the Monte Carlo-based code implemented with Geant4 Application for Emission Tomography (GATE). The model of a human pancreas was obtained by segmenting an abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan, and its physical and chemical properties, were obtained from experimental and theoretical data. In GATE, GNRs-mediated hyperthermal therapy, simple heat diffusion as well as interstitial laser ablation were then modeled in the pancreas tumor by defining the optical parameters of this tissue when it is loaded with GNRs. Two different experimental setups on ex vivo pancreas tissue and GNRs-embedded water were devised to benchmark the developed Monte Carlo-based model for the hyperthermia in the pancreas alone and with GNRs, respectively. The influence of GNRs on heat distribution and temperature increase within the pancreas tumor was compared for two different power values (1.2 W and 2.1 W) when the tumor was exposed to 808 nm laser irradiation and with two different laser applicator diameters. Benchmark tests demonstrated the possibility of the accurate simulating of NPs-assisted thermal therapy and reproducing the experimental data with GATE software. Then, the output of the simulated GNR-mediated hyperthermia emphasized the importance of the precise evaluation of all of the parameters for optimizing the preplanning of cancer thermal therapy. Simulation results on temperature distribution in the pancreas tumor showed that the temperature enhancement caused by raising the power was increased with time in both the tumor with and without GNRs, but it was higher for the GNR-load tumor compared to tumor alone.
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62
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Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Luo Y. Unveiling a Counterintuitive Intermode Interplay in a Prototype Plasmonic Nanosystem. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:10388-10394. [PMID: 36317882 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a counterintuitive intermode interplay in the plasmonic system of gold nanorods, i.e., energy transfer (EnT) from the lower-energy longitudinal (L) mode to the higher-energy transverse (T) mode. The opening of this EnT(L→T) channel is enabled by an energy upconversion process with the L mode, in which the solvent environment plays a critical role. Switching from a strong thermal-conductivity solvent (i.e., water) to a much weaker one (i.e., chloroform) brings on prolongation of plasmonic hot-electron lifetime and enhancement of phonon emission, thereby increasing the probability of L-mode energy upconversion assisted by self-absorption of phonon emission. The pertinent justification and further manipulation of EnT(L→T) are provided by control experiments mainly from ultrafast spectroscopy. Besides, a subtle intermode dynamic screening effect in this unary plasmonic system is also addressed. This work refreshes our knowledge about the elusive intermode interplay in plasmonic systems and offers implementable strategies to harness hot electrons toward plasmon-mediated applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Zhang
- Department of Chemical Physics, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemical Physics, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Department of Chemical Physics, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Chemical Physics, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
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63
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Gan Y, Cai H, Niu C. Ultrafast Laser-Induced Formation of Hollow Gold Nanorods and Their Optical Properties. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:39287-39293. [PMID: 36340098 PMCID: PMC9631759 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Laser irradiation has been shown to be an efficient means to modify structures and shapes of plasmonic nanoparticles for tuning their properties. Thermomechanical deformations of single-crystal and penta-twinned gold nanorods by femtosecond laser irradiations have been studied by classical molecular dynamics simulations. It is demonstrated that hollow gold nanorods could be formed by femtosecond laser irradiations under certain conditions of maximum temperatures in nanorods by laser heating and cooling rates due to the extrinsic solvent. For a given maximum temperature and cooling rate, a larger cavity is induced in the irradiated single-crystal nanorod. The results also indicate that at the same cooling rate a higher threshold of maximum temperature can be required for producing the cavity in the twinned nanorod. The optical spectra of the laser-irradiated gold nanorods are calculated, and the shifts in the surface plasmon resonance peak of the nanorods are illustrated due to the thermal reshaping and the plasmon hybridization mechanism. Moreover, we show the formation of the hollow gold nanorod possessing the surface plasmon resonance peak in the second near-infrared window and a relatively small aspect ratio (∼2.8), which is highly desirable and suitable for serving as agents in biomedical imaging and photothermal therapy applications.
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64
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Fabrication and Evaluation of Optical Nanobiosensor based on localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of gold nanorod for detection of CRP. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1237:340580. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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65
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Peng I, Jokhio S, Alkhaldi S, Peng CA. Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Pseudotyped Virus Infection Using ACE2-Tethered Gold Nanorods under Near-Infrared Laser Irradiation. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2022; 5:15942-15953. [PMID: 37552748 PMCID: PMC9578643 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.2c04275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Since the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) protein is abundant on the surface of respiratory cells in the lungs, it has been confirmed to be the entry-point receptor for the spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2. As such, gold nanorods (AuNRs) functionalized with ACE2 ectodomain (ACE2ED) act not only as decoys for these viruses to keep them from binding with the ACE2-expressing cells but also as agents to ablate infectious virions through heat generated from AuNRs under near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation. Using plasmid containing the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein gene (with a D614G mutation), spike protein pseudotyped viral particles with a lentiviral core and green fluorescent protein reporter were constructed and used for transfecting ACE2-expressing HEK293T cells. Since these viral particles behave like their coronavirus counterparts, they are the ideal surrogates of native virions for studying viral entry into host cells. Our results showed that, once the surrogate pseudoviruses with spike protein encounter ACE2ED-tethered AuNRs, these virions are entrapped, resulting in decreased viral infection to ACE2-expressing HEK293T cells. Moreover, the effect of photothermolysis created by ACE2ED-tagged AuNRs under 808-nm NIR laser irradiation for 5 min led to viral breakdown. In summary, ACE2ED-tethered AuNRs with dual functions (virus decoy and destruction) could have an intriguing advantage in the treatment of diseases involving rapidly mutating viral species such as SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Peng
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering,
University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho83844, United
States
| | - Sharjeel Jokhio
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering,
University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho83844, United
States
| | - Soha Alkhaldi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering,
University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho83844, United
States
| | - Ching-An Peng
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering,
University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho83844, United
States
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66
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He S, Pang W, Wu X, Yang Y, Li W, Qi H, Sun C, Duan X, Wang Y. A targeted hydrodynamic gold nanorod delivery system based on gigahertz acoustic streaming. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:15281-15290. [PMID: 36112106 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03222h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The hydrodynamic method mimics the in vivo environment of the mechanical effect on cell stimulation, which not only modulates cell physiology but also shows excellent intracellular delivery ability. Herein, a hydrodynamic intracellular delivery system based on the gigahertz acoustic streaming (AS) effect is proposed, which presents powerful targeted delivery capabilities with high efficiency and universality. Results indicate that the range of cells with AuNR introduction is related to that of AS, enabling a tunable delivery range due to the adjustability of the AS radius. Moreover, with the assistance of AS, the organelle localization delivery of AuNRs with different modifications is enhanced. AuNRs@RGD is inclined to accumulate in the nucleus, while AuNRs@BSA tend to enter the mitochondria and AuNRs@PEGnK tend to accumulate in the lysosome. Finally, the photothermal effect is proved based on the large quantities of AuNRs introduced via AS. The abundant introduction of AuNRs under the action of AS can achieve rapid cell heating with the irradiation of a 785 nm laser, which has great potential in shortening the treatment cycle of photothermal therapy (PTT). Thereby, an efficient hydrodynamic technology in AuNR introduction based on AS has been demonstrated. The outstanding location delivery and organelle targeting of this method provides a new idea for precise medical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan He
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Wei Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Wenjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Hang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Chongling Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Xuexin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Yanyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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67
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Yao M, Hao X, Shao H, Wang D, Li B, Xing S, Zhao X, Zhang C, Liu X, Zhang Y, Peng F. Metallic Nanoparticle-Doped Oxide Semiconductor Film for Bone Tumor Suppression and Bone Regeneration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:47369-47384. [PMID: 36228174 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bone implants with the photothermal effect are promising for the treatment of bone tumor defects. Noble metal-based photothermal nanoagents are widely studied for their stable photothermal effect, but they are expensive and difficult to directly grow on implant surfaces. In contrast, non-noble metal photothermal nanoagents are economical but unstable. Herein, to develop a stable and economical photothermal film on bone implants, a Ni nanoparticle-doped oxide semiconductor film was grown in situ on Nitinol via the reduction of Ni-Ti-layered double hydroxides. Ni nanoparticles remained stable in the NiTiO3 structure even when immersed in fluid for 1 month, and thus, the film presented a reliable photothermal effect under near-infrared light irradiation. The film also showed excellent in vitro and in vivo antitumor performance. Moreover, the nanostructure on the film allowed bone differentiation of mouse embryo cells (C3H10T1/2), and the released Ni ions supported the angiogenesis behavior of human vein endothelial cells. Bone implantation experiments further showed the enhancement of osteointegration of the modified Nitinol implant in vivo. This novel multifunctional Nitinol bone implant design offers a promising strategy for the therapy of bone tumor-related defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Yao
- Medical Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou510080, China
| | - Xueqin Hao
- School of Health Science and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
| | - Hongwei Shao
- Medical Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou510080, China
| | - Donghui Wang
- School of Health Science and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
| | - Baoe Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Shun Xing
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200050, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou510080, China
| | - Xuanyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200050, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou510080, China
| | - Feng Peng
- Medical Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou510080, China
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68
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Methylene Blue-Loaded Mesoporous Silica-Coated Gold Nanorods on Graphene Oxide for Synergistic Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102242. [PMID: 36297675 PMCID: PMC9612258 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Photo-nanotheranostics integrates near-infrared (NIR) light-triggered diagnostics and therapeutics, which are combined into a novel all-in-one phototheranostic nanomaterial that holds great promise for the early detection and precise treatment of cancer. In this study, we developed methylene blue-loaded mesoporous silica-coated gold nanorods on graphene oxide (MB-GNR@mSiO2-GO) as an all-in-one photo-nanotheranostic agent for intracellular surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) imaging-guided photothermal therapy (PTT)/photodynamic therapy (PDT) for cancer. Amine functionalization of the MB-GNR@mSiO2 surfaces was performed using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), which was well anchored on the carboxyl groups of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets uniformly, and showed a remarkably higher photothermal conversion efficiency (48.93%), resulting in outstanding PTT/PDT for cancer. The in vitro photothermal/photodynamic effect of MB-GNR@mSiO2-GO with laser irradiation showed significantly reduced cell viability (6.32%), indicating that MB-GNR@mSiO2-GO with laser irradiation induced significantly more cell deaths. Under laser irradiation, MB-GNR@mSiO2-GO showed a strong SERS effect, which permits accurate cancer cell detection by SERS imaging. Subsequently, the same Raman laser can focus on highly detected MDA-MB-23l cells for a prolonged time to perform PTT/PDT. Therefore, MB-GNR@mSiO2-GO has great potential for precise SERS imaging-guided synergistic PTT/PDT for cancer.
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69
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Liao GY, Lien MC, Tadepalli S, Liu KK. Plasmonic Nanostructures-Decorated ZIF-8-Derived Nanoporous Carbon for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:36427-36433. [PMID: 36278097 PMCID: PMC9583643 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is considered to be a highly sensitive platform for chemical and biological sensing. Recently, owing to their high porosity and large surface area, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted considerable attention in sensing applications. Porous carbon nanostructures are promising SERS substrates due to their strong broadband charge-transfer resonance and reproducible fabrication. Furthermore, an extraordinarily large enhancement of the electromagnetic field enables plasmonic nanomaterials to be ideal SERS substrates. Here, we demonstrate the porous Au@Ag nanostructure-decorated MOF-derived nanoporous carbon (NPC) for highly efficient SERS sensing. Specifically, this plasmonic nanomaterial-NPC composite offers high Raman signal enhancement with the ability to detect the model Raman reporter 2-naphthalenethiol (2-NT) at picomolar concentration levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Ye Liao
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chin Lien
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Sirimuvva Tadepalli
- Microbiology
& Immunology Department and Immunology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Keng-Ku Liu
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
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70
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Studying the Interaction Behavior of Protein Coronated Gold Nanorods with Polystyrene Nanoplastics. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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71
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Wang J, Zhang Q, Liu Z, Yang C, Li Y, Ma X, Lv T, Sun C. Label-Free Fluorescence Sensing Strategy Based on Functional Nucleic Acids via Energy Transfer between DNA-Templated Silver Nanoclusters and Gold Nanorods. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:12220-12231. [PMID: 36112030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A simple and low-cost fluorescence signal-on sensing strategy has been developed based on functional nucleic acids (FNAs) via energy transfer between DNA-templated silver nanoclusters (DNA-AgNCs) and gold nanorods (GNRs). FNAs were used as highly selective recognition probes, in which an aptamer was used to detect small molecules represented by tetracycline, and DNAzyme was used to detect heavy metal ions represented by Pb2+. The fluorescent DNA-AgNCs were synthesized by the designed oligonucleotide sequences, which consisted of three parts: AgNCs synthesis template C6G5C6, spacer T5, and complementary sequences of the aptamer or enzyme strand. The difference in electrostatic interactions between ss/dsDNA and positively charged GNRs leads to energy transfer with different efficiencies. The analytes represented by tetracycline and Pb2+ can destroy the dsDNA structure and reduce the energy-transfer efficiency between DNA-AgNCs and GNRs, thus achieving fluorescence recovery and a signal-on analytical strategy. This strategy has excellent specificity and sensitivity with limit of detections of 4.411 nM for tetracycline and 1.416 nM for Pb2+ and has been successfully applied to detect tetracycline in milk and Pb2+ in river water. Using DNA-AgNCs formed in situ as signal probes, this strategy does not require labels or modifications and can be completed without complex analytical instruments. Moreover, this strategy can be extended to detect other targets by replacing FNA sequences. Therefore, it has promising prospects in the sensitive, simple, and rapid detection of contaminants in food and environment samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyang Wang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Chuanyu Yang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xinyue Ma
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Ting Lv
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Chunyan Sun
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
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72
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Peng L, Liu Y, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Liu Z, Fang X, Wang Y, Wu C. Surface Plasmon-Enhanced NIR-II Fluorescence in a Multilayer Nanoprobe for Through-Skull Mouse Brain Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:38575-38583. [PMID: 35975821 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c11218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) holds great potential for the accurate visualization of deeply located biological structures in vivo. However, the weak fluorescence of current NIR-II fluorophores remains a long-standing challenge for the ever-growing imaging demand. Here, we describe a surface plasmon-enhanced NIR-II fluorescence strategy by incorporating silica-coated gold nanorods (GNRs) and polymer dots (Pdots) into a multilayer nanostructure. Precise manipulation of the silica spacing layer thickness signifies an optimum distance of 8.6 nm, where an enhancement factor of up to 6.4 is achieved in the NIR-II imaging window. The surface plasmon enhancement approach is successfully extended to several types of Pdots fluorophores with NIR-II emission. We finally perform outer-layer encapsulation and PEGylation for the multilayer probes and demonstrate surface plasmon-enhanced NIR-II fluorescence for mouse brain imaging through the skull, which exhibits a refined signal-to-background ratio and penetration depth as compared to the clinically approved ICG dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zhihe Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Xiaofeng Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518132, China
| | - Changfeng Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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73
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Zhao N, Wu S, Wang Y, Liu F, Ma Y, Zhang H, Liu M, Zheng Y. Fabrication of Gold-Based "Sphere-on-Plate" Hybrid Nanostructures with Dual Plasmonic Absorptions Covering Visible and Near-Infrared II Windows via the Volmer-Weber Growth Mode. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:9669-9677. [PMID: 35880311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report a synthetic strategy to create gold(Au)-based "sphere-on-plate" hybrid nanostructures (SPHNSs). The surface doping of plate-like Au seeds with Pt/Ag atoms is found to be crucial to increase the lattice spacing, inducing island-like deposition of Au atoms via the Volmer-Weber growth mode. The resulting products are featured with the morphology that quasi-spherical nanoparticles are scattered over the nanoplates. Due to the presence of two distinctly dimensioned particles in one entity, the current Au-based SPHNSs exhibit unique dual plasmonic absorptions, where the visible absorbance centered at 546 nm is related to the size of the anchored particles. Arising from such a plasmonic advantage, the Au-based SPHNSs exhibit enhancement in photothermal conversion under laser irradiations at the wavelengths of both 808 and 1064 nm. The current work offers a feasible route to fabricate noble metal hybrid nanostructures involving zero-dimensional (0D) and two-dimensional (2D) structures, which could work as promising materials for photothermal conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials, Jining University, Qufu 273155, Shandong, China
| | - Shiyue Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Applications, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Applications, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Feng Liu
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, National Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanyun Ma
- Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials, Jining University, Qufu 273155, Shandong, China
| | - Maochang Liu
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, National Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiqun Zheng
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials, Jining University, Qufu 273155, Shandong, China
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74
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Mazzotta A, Gabbani A, Carlotti M, Ruggeri M, Fantechi E, Ottomaniello A, Pineider F, Pucci A, Mattoli V. Invisible Thermoplasmonic Indium Tin Oxide Nanoparticle Ink for Anti-counterfeiting Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:35276-35286. [PMID: 35867887 PMCID: PMC9354021 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we present a thermoplasmonic transparent ink based on a colloidal dispersion of indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles, which can offer several advantages as anti-counterfeiting technology. The custom ink could be directly printed on several substrates, and it is transparent under visible light but is able to generate heat by absorption of NIR radiation. Dynamic temperature mapping of the printed motifs was performed by using a thermal camera while irradiating the samples with an IR lamp. The printed samples presented fine features (in the order of 75 μm) and high thermal resolution (of about 250 μm). The findings are supported by thermal finite-element simulations, which also allow us to explore the effect of different substrate characteristics on the thermal readout. Finally, we built a demonstrator comprising a QR Code invisible to the naked eye, which became visible in thermal images under NIR radiation. The high transparency of the printed ink and the high speed of the thermal reading (figures appear/disappear in less than 1 s) offer an extremely promising strategy toward low-cost, scalable production of photothermally active invisible labels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Mazzotta
- Center
for Materials Interfaces, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Viale R. Piaggio 34, Pontedera 56025, Italy
- The
Biorobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore
Sant’Anna, Viale
R. Piaggio 34, Pontedera 56025, Italy
| | - Alessio Gabbani
- Department
of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University
of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Carlotti
- Center
for Materials Interfaces, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Viale R. Piaggio 34, Pontedera 56025, Italy
| | - Marina Ruggeri
- Department
of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University
of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elvira Fantechi
- Department
of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University
of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Ottomaniello
- Center
for Materials Interfaces, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Viale R. Piaggio 34, Pontedera 56025, Italy
| | - Francesco Pineider
- Department
of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University
of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Pucci
- Department
of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University
of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Virgilio Mattoli
- Center
for Materials Interfaces, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Viale R. Piaggio 34, Pontedera 56025, Italy
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75
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Biologically Derived Gold Nanoparticles and Their Applications. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2022; 2022:8184217. [PMID: 35959230 PMCID: PMC9359863 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8184217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a rapidly evolving discipline as it has a wide variety of applications in several fields. They have been synthesized in a variety of ways. Traditional processes such as chemical and physical synthesis have limits, whether in the form of chemical contamination during synthesis operations or in subsequent applications and usage of more energy. Over the last decade, research has focused on establishing easy, nontoxic, clean, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly techniques for nanoparticle production. To achieve this goal, biological synthesis was created to close this gap. Biosynthesis of nanoparticles is a one-step process, and it is ecofriendly in nature. The metabolic activities of biological agents convert dissolved metal ions into nanometals. For biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles, various biological agents like plants, fungus, and bacteria are utilized. In this review paper, the aim is to provide a summary of contemporary research on the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles and their applications in various domains have been discussed.
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76
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Zhu Y, Derami HG, Gupta P, Gupta R, Singamaneni S, Jun YS. Ionic surface propensity controls pH in nanopores. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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77
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Zhou R, Zhang M, Xi J, Li J, Ma R, Ren L, Bai Z, Qi K, Li X. Gold Nanorods-Based Photothermal Therapy: Interactions Between Biostructure, Nanomaterial, and Near-Infrared Irradiation. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2022; 17:68. [PMID: 35882718 PMCID: PMC9325935 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-022-03706-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanorods (AuNRs) are ideal inorganic nanophotothermal agents with unique characteristics, including local surface plasmon resonance effects, easy scale preparation and functional modification, and good biocompatibility. This review summarizes several recent advances in AuNRs-based photothermal therapy (PTT) research. Functionalized AuNRs photothermal agents have optimized biocompatibility and targeting properties. The multifunctional AuNRs nanoplatform composite structure meets the requirements for synergistic effects of PTT, photoacoustic imaging, and other therapeutic methods. Photothermal therapy with AuNRs (AuNRs-PTT) is widely used to treat tumors and inflammatory diseases; its tumor-targeting, tumor metastasis inhibition, and photothermal tumor ablation abilities have remarkable curative effects. An in-depth study of AuNRs in living systems and the interactions between biological structure, nanomaterial, and near-infrared irradiation could lay the foundation for further clinical research and the broad application of AuNRs in PTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruili Zhou
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Meigui Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Jiahui Xi
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Jing Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Ruixia Ma
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Longfei Ren
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhongtian Bai
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Kuo Qi
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Xun Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Institute of Gansu Province, Medical College Cancer Center of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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78
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Meivita M, Chan SSY, Go SX, Lee D, Bajalovic N, Loke DK. WS 2/Polyethylene Glycol Nanostructures for Ultra-Efficient MCF-7 Cancer Cell Ablation and Electrothermal Therapy. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:23075-23082. [PMID: 35847245 PMCID: PMC9280949 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Developing novel nanostructures and advanced nanotechnologies for cancer treatment has attracted ever-increasing interest. Electrothermal therapy offers many advantages such as high efficiency and minimal invasiveness, but finding a balance between increasing stability of the nanostructure state and, at the same time, enhancing the nanostructure biodegradability presents a key challenge. Here, we modulate the biodegradation process of two-dimensional-material-based nanostructures by using polyethylene glycol (PEG) via nanostructure disrupt-and-release effects. We then demonstrate the development of a previously unreported alternating current (AC) pulse WS2/PEG nanostructure system for enhancing therapeutic performance. A decrease in cell viability of ∼42% for MCF-7 cells with WS2/PEG was achieved, which is above an average of ∼25% for current electrothermal-based therapeutic methods using similar energy densities, as well as degradation time of the WS2 of ∼1 week, below an average of ∼3.5 weeks for state-of-the-art nanostructure-based systems in physiological media. Moreover, the incubation time of MCF-7 cells with WS2/PEG reached ∼24 h, which is above the average of ∼4.5 h for current electrothermal-based therapeutic methods and with the use of the amount of time harnessed to incubate the cells with nanostructures before applying a stimulus as a measure of incubation time. Material characterizations further disclose the degradation of WS2 and the grafting of PEG on WS2 surfaces. These WS2-based systems offer strong therapeutic performance and, simultaneously, maintain excellent biodegradability/biocompatibility, thus providing a promising route for the ablation of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria
Prisca Meivita
- Department
of Science, Mathematics, and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Sophia S. Y. Chan
- Department
of Science, Mathematics, and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Shao Xiang Go
- Department
of Science, Mathematics, and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Denise Lee
- Department
of Science, Mathematics, and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Natasa Bajalovic
- Department
of Science, Mathematics, and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Desmond K. Loke
- Department
of Science, Mathematics, and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
- Office
of Innovation, Changi General Hospital, Singapore 529889, Singapore
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79
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Minh Ngo H, Drobnyh E, Sukharev M, Khuong Vo Q, Zyss J, Ledoux‐Rak I. High Yield Synthesis and Quadratic Nonlinearities of Gold Nanoprisms in Solution: the Role of Corner Sharpness. Isr J Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202200009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Minh Ngo
- Laboratoire Lumière, Matière et Interfaces UMR 8537 Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay CentraleSupélec CNRS Université Paris-Saclay 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Elena Drobnyh
- College of Integrative Science and Arts Arizona State University Mesa Arizona 85212 USA
| | - Maxim Sukharev
- College of Integrative Science and Arts Arizona State University Mesa Arizona 85212 USA
- Department of Physics Arizona State University Tempe Arizona 85287 USA
| | - Quoc Khuong Vo
- Faculty of Chemistry Ho Chi Minh City University of Science Vietnam National University 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Ward 4, District 5 Ho Chi Minh City 70000 Vietnam
| | - Joseph Zyss
- Laboratoire Lumière, Matière et Interfaces UMR 8537 Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay CentraleSupélec CNRS Université Paris-Saclay 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Isabelle Ledoux‐Rak
- Laboratoire Lumière, Matière et Interfaces UMR 8537 Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay CentraleSupélec CNRS Université Paris-Saclay 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette France
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80
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Shao L, Majumder S, Liu Z, Xu K, Dai R, George S. Light activation of gold nanorods but not gold nanospheres enhance antibacterial effect through photodynamic and photothermal mechanisms. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2022; 231:112450. [PMID: 35500384 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanomaterials of gold and silver have been reported to have antibacterial effect. In this study, three gold nanomaterials (NMs) of different aspect rations (Gold nanospheres (AuNSs, aspect ratio 1), and two gold nanorods (AuNRs636, aspect ratio 2.79; AuNRs772, aspect ratio 3.42)) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized, characterized and the effect of incandescent light on their antibacterial properties were examined. Bacterial inactivation during photoinactivation of nanomaterials and antibacterial mechanisms (biotic ROS, membrane potential, membrane damage) were investigated using Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, and methicillin-resistant S. aureus. The results indicated that AuNSs had no antibacterial activity in the tested concentration (0.49-250 μg/mL), while AuNR636 and AuNRs772 showed significant bactericidal effect on all tested bacteria. Notably, AuNRs636 presented higher antibacterial effect than AuNRs772, which could result from higher surface reactivity of AuNRs636 owing to higher dangling bonds. Further studies showed that AuNRs but not AuNSs generated hydroxyl radicals (·OH) (photodynamic effect) and photothermal effect when exposed to incandescent light. The combined photodynamic and photothermal effect resulted in bacterial inactivation through cell membrane damage, lowering of cell membrane potential and DNA degradation. In summary, this investigation showed that Au NRs but not Au NSs exhibit photodynamic and photothermal effects suggesting the potential of fabricating material surfaces with Au NRs for photoactivated bacterial inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Shao
- McGill University, Department of Food and Agricultural Chemistry, Macdonald Campus, 21111 Lakeshore Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada; China Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Satwik Majumder
- McGill University, Department of Food and Agricultural Chemistry, Macdonald Campus, 21111 Lakeshore Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada.
| | - Ziruo Liu
- McGill University, Department of Food and Agricultural Chemistry, Macdonald Campus, 21111 Lakeshore Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada.
| | - Ke Xu
- McGill University, Department of Food and Agricultural Chemistry, Macdonald Campus, 21111 Lakeshore Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada.
| | - Ruitong Dai
- China Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Saji George
- McGill University, Department of Food and Agricultural Chemistry, Macdonald Campus, 21111 Lakeshore Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada.
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81
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Text-mined dataset of gold nanoparticle synthesis procedures, morphologies, and size entities. Sci Data 2022; 9:234. [PMID: 35618761 PMCID: PMC9135747 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01321-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles are highly desired for a range of technological applications due to their tunable properties, which are dictated by the size and shape of the constituent particles. Many heuristic methods for controlling the morphological characteristics of gold nanoparticles are well known. However, the underlying mechanisms controlling their size and shape remain poorly understood, partly due to the immense range of possible combinations of synthesis parameters. Data-driven methods can offer insight to help guide understanding of these underlying mechanisms, so long as sufficient synthesis data are available. To facilitate data mining in this direction, we have constructed and made publicly available a dataset of codified gold nanoparticle synthesis protocols and outcomes extracted directly from the nanoparticle materials science literature using natural language processing and text-mining techniques. This dataset contains 5,154 data records, each representing a single gold nanoparticle synthesis article, filtered from a database of 4,973,165 publications. Each record contains codified synthesis protocols and extracted morphological information from a total of 7,608 experimental and 12,519 characterization paragraphs. Measurement(s) | gold nanoparticle morphology • gold nanoparticle size • gold nanoparticle synthesis data | Technology Type(s) | natural language processing |
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82
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Gao X, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Ren Y, Sheng G, Shao W, Chen Q. Engineering the degree of concavity of one-dimensional Au-Cu alloy nanorods with partial intermetallic compounds by facile wet chemical synthesis. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:7790-7796. [PMID: 35575419 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00947a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Finely modulating the morphology of bimetallic nanomaterials plays a vital role in enhancing their catalytic activities. Among the various morphologies, concave structures have received considerable attention due to the three advantageous features of high-index facets, high surface areas, and high curvatures, which contribute greatly to enhancing the catalytic performance. However, concave morphologies are not the products generated from thermodynamically controlled growth with minimized surface energy. Additionally, most nanocrystals with concave shapes are currently in the state of mono-metals or alloys with disordered arrangements of atoms. The synthesis of alloy structures with ordered atom arrangements, intermetallic compounds, which tend to display superior catalytic performance on account of their optimal geometric and electronic effects, has rarely been reported as high-temperature annealing is usually needed, which constrains the modulation of morphology and surface structure. In this work, concave one-dimensional Au-Cu nanorods with a partially ordered intermetallic structure were synthesized via a facile wet chemical method. By simply adjusting the reaction kinetics via the concentrations of the corresponding metal precursors, the degree of concavity of the one-dimensional Au-Cu nanorods could be regulated. In both the p-nitrophenol reduction and CO2 electro-reduction reactions, the concave-shaped Au-Cu nanorods demonstrated superior catalytic activity compared to corresponding non-concave samples with the same structure due to the morphological advantages provided by the concave structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Gao
- College of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhi Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yinling Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yaoyao Ren
- College of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Guan Sheng
- College of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wei Shao
- College of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Qiaoli Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
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83
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Photothermal Conversion Profiling of Large-Scaled Synthesized Gold Nanorods Using Binary Surfactant with Hydroquinone as a Reducing Agent. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12101723. [PMID: 35630943 PMCID: PMC9145525 DOI: 10.3390/nano12101723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Photothermal application of gold nanorods (AuNRs) is widely increasing because of their good photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) due to local surface plasmon resonance. However, the high concentration of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide used in the synthesis is a concern. Moreover, the mild and commonly used reducing agent-ascorbic acid does not reduce the Au(I) to A(0) entirely, resulting in a low yield of gold nanorods. Herein we report for the first time the PCE of large-scaled synthesized AuNRs using the binary surfactant seed-mediated method with hydroquinone (HQ) as the reducing agent. The temporal evolution of the optical properties and morphology was investigated by varying the Ag concentration, HQ concentration, HCl volumes, and seed solution volume. The results showed that the seed volume, HQ concentration, and HCl volume played a significant role in forming mini-AuNRs absorbing in the 800 nm region with a shape yield of 87.7%. The as-synthesized AuNRs were successfully up-scaled to a larger volume based on the optimum synthetic conditions followed by photothermal profiling. The photothermal profiling analysis showed a temperature increase of more than 54.2 °C at 2.55 W cm−2 at a low optical density (OD) of 0.160 after 630 s irradiation, with a PCE of approximately 21%, presenting it as an ideal photothermal agent.
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84
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Gold Nanorod-Assisted Photothermal Therapy and Improvement Strategies. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9050200. [PMID: 35621478 PMCID: PMC9138169 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9050200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Noble metal nanoparticles have been sought after in cancer nanomedicine during the past two decades, owing to the unique localized surface plasmon resonance that induces strong absorption and scattering properties of the nanoparticles. A popular application of noble metal nanoparticles is photothermal therapy, which destroys cancer cells by heat generated by laser irradiation of the nanoparticles. Gold nanorods have stood out as one of the major types of noble metal nanoparticles for photothermal therapy due to the facile tuning of their optical properties in the tissue penetrative near infrared region, strong photothermal conversion efficiency, and long blood circulation half-life after surface modification with stealthy polymers. In this review, we will summarize the optical properties of gold nanorods and their applications in photothermal therapy. We will also discuss the recent strategies to improve gold nanorod-assisted photothermal therapy through combination with chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy.
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85
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Rajan D, Rajamanikandan R, Ilanchelian M. Morphological and biophysical insights into the gold nanorods binding interaction of haemoglobin/myoglobin by hybrid spectroscopic approaches with bacterial cytotoxicity evaluation. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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86
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Bhargawa B, Sharma V, Ganesh MR, Cavalieri F, Ashokkumar M, Neppolian B, Sundaramurthy A. Lysozyme microspheres incorporated with anisotropic gold nanorods for ultrasound activated drug delivery. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 86:106016. [PMID: 35525092 PMCID: PMC9079700 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report on the fabrication of lysozyme microspheres (LyMs) incorporated with gold nanorods (NRs) as a distinctive approach for the encapsulation and release of an anticancer drug, 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). LyMs with an average size of 4.0 ± 1.0 µm were prepared by a sonochemical method and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The LyMs were examined using hydrophobic (nile red) as well as hydrophilic (trypan blue) dyes under confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) to obtain information about the preferential distribution of fluorescent molecules. Notably, the fluorescent molecules were accumulated in the inner lining of LyMs as the core was occupied with air. The encapsulation efficiency of 5-FU for LyMs-NR was found to be ∼64%. The drug release from control LyMs as well as LyMs incorporated with NRs was investigated under the influence of ultrasound (US) at 200 kHz. The total release for control LyMs and LyMs incorporated with gold NRs was found to be ∼70 and 95% after 1 h, respectively. The density difference caused by NR incorporation on the shell played a key role in rupturing the LyMs-NR under US irradiation. Furthermore, 5-FU loaded LyMs-NR exhibited excellent anti-cancer activity against the THP-1 cell line (∼90% cell death) when irradiated with US of 200 kHz. The enhanced anti-cancer activity of LyMs-NR was caused by the transfer of released 5-FU molecules from bulk to the interior of the cell via temporary pores formed on the surface of cancer cells, i.e., sonoporation. Thus, LyMs-NR demonstrated here has a high potential for use as carriers in the field of drug delivery, bio-imaging and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Bhargawa
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India
| | - Varsha Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India
| | - Munuswamy-Ramanujam Ganesh
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India
| | | | | | - Bernaurdshaw Neppolian
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India.
| | - Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India.
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87
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Wang P, Zhang L, Zhang Z, Wang S, Yao C. Influence of Parameters on Photodynamic Therapy of Au@TiO 2-HMME Core-Shell Nanostructures. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12081358. [PMID: 35458066 PMCID: PMC9032932 DOI: 10.3390/nano12081358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising tumor therapy and has been proven to be an effective, safe and minimally invasive technique. Hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) mediated PDT has been used in clinical treatment of port wine stain (PWS) due to its single component, high yield of singlet oxygen and short light-sensitive period. However, as an amphiphilic photosensitizer, HMME is easy to aggregate due to the presence of a hydrophobic group, which undesirably reduced its generation of singlet oxygen and bioavailability. In this study, we synthesized the stable conjugate of Au@TiO2 core-shell nanostructure with HMME, and the influence of different factors on PTD efficiency were studied. The results showed that the nanostructure had higher PTD efficiency for KB cells than that of HMME. The irradiation wavelength, gold nanoparticle shape and the shell thickness are all important factors for KB cell PDT.
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88
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Bardhan D, Chatterjee H, Sen D, Sengupta M, Ghosh SK. Photothermal Reshaping of One-Dimensional Plasmonic Polymers: From Colloidal Dispersion to Living Cells. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:11501-11509. [PMID: 35415361 PMCID: PMC8992283 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cellular internalization of plasmonic metal nanostructured materials has recently become a requisite for biomedical engineering of several intracellular processes that could foster an extensive paradigm to perform desired functions in the living cells. While numerous anisotropic metal nanostructures can be employed to pursue the specific functions, their incorporation becomes restricted due to morphological specificity to be engulfed in the cells. Due to recent advent in the self-assembly strategies, individual gold nanospheres could be interdigitated to one-dimensional plasmonic polymers and undergo subsequent laser-induced photothermal reshaping to rod-like nanostructures. The salient feature of biological significance is merely the variation of particle size within the polymers that engenders a dramatic impact on the radiative and nonradiative properties expressed in the scale of Faraday number (F a) and Joule number (J 0), respectively, as a function of the aspect ratio (α) of the nanorods. The effect on the nonradiative properties augments designing of nanoscale thermometry essential for photothermal applications in living cells. The conception of the colloidal dispersion has been extended to the cellular environment in a mice model; the selective accumulation of the nanostructures in the cells could provide an invading relationship between plasmonic characteristics, temperature distribution, and the biological issues. The critical correlation between optical and thermal characteristics toward biomedical manipulation from both theoretical and experimental perspectives could augment a milestone toward the progress of modern medical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy Bardhan
- Department
of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar 788011, India
| | - Hirak Chatterjee
- Department
of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar 788011, India
| | - Debarun Sen
- Department
of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar 788011, India
| | - Mahuya Sengupta
- Department
of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar 788011, India
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89
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Serebrennikova SI, Kukushkin VI, Kristavchuk OV, Morozova EN, Astrakhantseva AS, Nechaev AN. Formation of Island SERS Films on Surfaces of Track Membranes and Silicon Substrates. BULLETIN OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES: PHYSICS 2022. [PMCID: PMC9109675 DOI: 10.3103/s1062873822040207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
It is shown that metallic nano-island SERS-active layers can be created on the surfaces of porous track membranes made of polyethylene terephthalate and silicon substrates optimized for exciting laser radiation with wavelengths of 532 and 785 nm. Characteristic patterns of changes in the optical properties of SERS structures upon altering the morphology of metal nanoparticles on a substrate’s surface are established. Such structures can be used as SERS chips and highly sensitive filtering SERS elements in optical biosensors.
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90
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Continuous synthesis of TiO2-supported noble metal nanoparticles and their application in ammonia borane hydrolysis. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.117479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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91
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Wei Z, Sun J, Lu S, Liu Y, Wang B, Zhao L, Wang Z, Liu K, Li J, Su J, Wang F, Zhang H, Yang Y. An Engineered Protein-Au Bioplaster for Efficient Skin Tumor Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2110062. [PMID: 35176187 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is the most lethal malignancy in skin cancer and may occur at any site and express melanocytes. Due to malignant melanoma's invasion and migration nature, conventional therapies make it challenging to remove the whole tumor tissue while undertaking the high risks of tumor recurrence. Regarding the emerging targeted therapies and immunotherapy, drug resistance and low immunotherapeutic activity remain significant challenges. It is thus becoming urgently important to develop alternative strategies for melanoma therapy. Herein, a novel bifunctional protein-based photothermal bioplaster (PPTB) is developed for non-invasive tumor therapy and skin tissue regeneration. The complexation of adhesive protein and gold nanorods (GNRs) endow the obtained PPTB with good biocompatibility, controllable near-infrared (NIR) light-mediated adhesion performance, and high photothermal performance. Therefore, the PPTB bioagent facilitates skin adhesion and effectively transfers heat from skin to tumor. This behavior endows PPTB capability to eradicate skin tumors conveniently. Thus, the assembly strategy enables this hybrid bioplaster to hold great potential for skin-related tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, Ulm, 89081, Germany
| | - Shuang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Yawei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Zili Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Juanjuan Su
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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92
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Gharibshahi E, Alamaniotis M. Modeling and Simulation of Radioactive Nanomaterials of Pb-U, Pb-Th, and Pb-Co in Water-Filled Containers for Nuclear Security Applications. NUCL SCI ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00295639.2022.2035182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Gharibshahi
- The University of Texas at San Antonio, Department of Physics and Astronomy, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249
- The University of Texas at San Antonio, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249
| | - Miltos Alamaniotis
- The University of Texas at San Antonio, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249
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93
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Soliman MG, Davies HA, Sharkey J, Lévy R, Madine J. Development of amyloid beta gold nanorod aggregates as optoacoustic probes. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0259608. [PMID: 35333865 PMCID: PMC8956182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Propagation of small amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregates (or seeds) has been suggested as a potential mechanism of Alzheimer’s disease progression. Monitoring the propagation of Aβ seeds in an organism would enable testing of this hypothesis and, if confirmed, provide mechanistic insights. This requires a contrast agent for long-term tracking of the seeds. Gold nanorods combine several attractive features for this challenging task, in particular, their strong absorbance in the infrared (enabling optoacoustic imaging) and the availability of several established protocols for surface functionalisation. In this work, polymer-coated gold nanorods were conjugated with anti-Aβ antibodies and attached to pre-formed Aβ seeds. The resulting complexes were characterised for their optical properties by UV/Vis spectroscopy and multispectral optoacoustic tomography. The complexes retained their biophysical properties, i.e. their ability to seed Aβ fibril formation. They remained stable in biological media for at least 2 days and showed no toxicity to SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells up to 1.5 nM and 6 μM of gold nanorods and Aβ seeds, respectively. Taken together, this study describes the first steps in the development of probes for monitoring the spread of Aβ seeds in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud G. Soliman
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hannah A. Davies
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Sharkey
- Centre for Pre-Clinical Imaging, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Raphaël Lévy
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord and Université de Paris, INSERM, LVTS, Paris, France
| | - Jillian Madine
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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94
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Wang YF, Zhang Q, Tian F, Wang H, Wang Y, Ma X, Huang Q, Cai M, Ji Y, Wu X, Gan Y, Yan Y, Dawson KA, Guo S, Zhang J, Shi X, Shan Y, Liang XJ. Spatiotemporal Tracing of the Cellular Internalization Process of Rod-Shaped Nanostructures. ACS NANO 2022; 16:4059-4071. [PMID: 35191668 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Endocytosis, as one of the main ways for nanostructures enter cells, is affected by several aspects, and shape is an especially critical aspect during the endocytosis of nanostructures. However, it has remained challenging to capture the dynamic internalization behaviors of rod-shaped nanostructures while also probing the mechanical aspects of the internalization. Here, using the atomic force microscopy-based force tracing technique, transmission electron microscopy, and molecular dynamic simulation, we mapped the detailed internalization behaviors of rod-shaped nanostructures with different aspect ratios at the single-particle level. We found that the gold nanorod is endocytosed in a noncontinuous and force-rebound rotation manner, herein named "intermittent rotation". The force tracing test indicated that the internalization force (∼81 pN, ∼108 pN, and ∼157 pN) and time (∼0.56 s, ∼0.66 s, and ∼1.14 s for a 12.10 nm × 11.96 nm gold nanosphere and 26.15 nm × 13.05 nm and 48.71 nm × 12.45 nm gold nanorods, respectively) are positively correlated with the aspect ratios. However, internalization speed is negatively correlated with internalization time, irrespective of the aspect ratio. Further, the energy analysis suggested that intermittent rotation from the horizontal to vertical direction can reduce energy dissipation during the internalization process. Thus, to overcome the energy barrier of internalization, the number and angle of rotation increases with aspect ratios. Our findings provide critical missing evidence of rod-shaped nanostructure's internalization, which is essential for fundamentally understanding the internalization mechanism in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Feng Wang
- Laboratory of Controllable Nanopharmaceuticals, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Qingrong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P.R. China
| | - Falin Tian
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Nanosystem and Hierarchy Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Hongda Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P.R. China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Laboratory of Controllable Nanopharmaceuticals, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Ma
- Laboratory of Controllable Nanopharmaceuticals, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Huang
- Laboratory of Controllable Nanopharmaceuticals, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Mingjun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P.R. China
| | - Yinglu Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochun Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Yaling Gan
- Laboratory of Controllable Nanopharmaceuticals, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Yan Yan
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Kenneth A Dawson
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin D04 V1W8, Ireland
- Guangdong Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Nano-Immunoregulation Tumor Microenvironment, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, P.R. China
| | - Shutao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Jinchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P.R China
| | - Xinghua Shi
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Nanosystem and Hierarchy Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Yuping Shan
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- Laboratory of Controllable Nanopharmaceuticals, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
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95
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Kim YC, Kim SY. A Single Crystal 2D Hexagonal Array in a Centimeter Scale with a Self-Directed Assembly of Diblock Copolymer Spheres. ACS NANO 2022; 16:3870-3880. [PMID: 35179365 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The creation of a single-grain two-dimensional (2D) nanoarray over a large area (∼1 cm2) has been only realized with expensive lithographic fabrication involving a complicated multichemical process. In this work, we report the production of a highly aligned single-grain 2D crystalline nanoarray over a centimeter-scale large area with a concept of self-directed assembly (SDA) in block copolymer (BCP) thin films. No lithographic guiding pattern is employed in SDA. A sphere-forming BCP is first transformed to transient-cylinders and aligned with shear. The aligned cylinders act as a guiding pattern to restore the sphere-morphology producing a single-grain 2D crystalline array with the following solvent vapor annealing. The SDA process has two governing parameters: orientational order of guiding patterns in the first step and the lattice matching between the transient guiding cylinders and the restored spheres. The successful application of SDA yields a single-grain of 2D crystalline hexagonal nanoarray with an exceptional long-range order, which is confirmed by employing image treating algorithms and grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) measurements. The suggested SDA strategy is found to be effective for large-scale nanopatterning with no lithographic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Chan Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - So Youn Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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96
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Gold Nanorods for Drug and Gene Delivery: An Overview of Recent Advancements. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030664. [PMID: 35336038 PMCID: PMC8951391 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, gold nanomaterials have shown great promise in the field of nanotechnology, especially in medical and biological applications. They have become the most used nanomaterials in those fields due to their several advantageous. However, rod-shaped gold nanoparticles, or gold nanorods (GNRs), have some more unique physical, optical, and chemical properties, making them proper candidates for biomedical applications including drug/gene delivery, photothermal/photodynamic therapy, and theranostics. Most of their therapeutic applications are based on their ability for tunable heat generation upon exposure to near-infrared (NIR) radiation, which is helpful in both NIR-responsive cargo delivery and photothermal/photodynamic therapies. In this review, a comprehensive insight into the properties, synthesis methods and toxicity of gold nanorods are overviewed first. For the main body of the review, the therapeutic applications of GNRs are provided in four main sections: (i) drug delivery, (ii) gene delivery, (iii) photothermal/photodynamic therapy, and (iv) theranostics applications. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives of their therapeutic application are discussed.
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97
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Sharma KD, Alghazali KM, Hamzah RN, Pandanaboina SC, Nima Alsudani ZA, Muhi M, Watanabe F, Zhou GL, Biris AS, Xie JY. Gold Nanorod Substrate for Rat Fetal Neural Stem Cell Differentiation into Oligodendrocytes. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12060929. [PMID: 35335742 PMCID: PMC8953860 DOI: 10.3390/nano12060929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanorods (AuNRs) have been proposed to promote stem cell differentiation in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we examined a particular type of AuNR in supporting the differentiation of rat fetal neural stem cells (NSCs) into oligodendrocytes (ODCs). AuNRs were synthesized according to the seed-mediated method resulting in nanorods with an aspect ratio of around 3 (~12 nm diameter, 36 nm length) and plasmon resonance at 520 and 780 nm, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-vis spectroscopy, respectively. A layer-by-layer approach was used to fabricate the AuNR substrate on the functionalized glass coverslips. NSCs were propagated for 10 days using fibroblast growth factor, platelet-derived growth-factor-supplemented culture media, and differentiated on an AuNR or poly-D-lysine (PDL)-coated surface using differentiation media containing triiodothyronine for three weeks. Results showed that NSCs survived better and differentiated faster on the AuNRs compared to the PDL surface. By week 1, almost all cells had differentiated on the AuNR substrate, whereas only ~60% differentiated on the PDL surface, with similar percentages of ODCs and astrocytes. This study indicates that functionalized AuNR substrate does promote NSC differentiation and could be a viable tool for tissue engineering to support the differentiation of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Deo Sharma
- Molecular Biosciences Graduate Program, Arkansas State University, State University, AR 72467, USA; (K.D.S.); (G.-L.Z.)
| | - Karrer M. Alghazali
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA; (K.M.A.); (R.N.H.); (Z.A.N.A.); (M.M.); (F.W.)
- NuShores BioSciences LLC, Little Rock, AR 72211, USA
| | - Rabab N. Hamzah
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA; (K.M.A.); (R.N.H.); (Z.A.N.A.); (M.M.); (F.W.)
| | | | - Zeid A. Nima Alsudani
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA; (K.M.A.); (R.N.H.); (Z.A.N.A.); (M.M.); (F.W.)
| | - Malek Muhi
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA; (K.M.A.); (R.N.H.); (Z.A.N.A.); (M.M.); (F.W.)
| | - Fumiya Watanabe
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA; (K.M.A.); (R.N.H.); (Z.A.N.A.); (M.M.); (F.W.)
| | - Guo-Lei Zhou
- Molecular Biosciences Graduate Program, Arkansas State University, State University, AR 72467, USA; (K.D.S.); (G.-L.Z.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Arkansas State University, State University, AR 72467, USA
| | - Alexandru S. Biris
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA; (K.M.A.); (R.N.H.); (Z.A.N.A.); (M.M.); (F.W.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.B.); (J.Y.X.); Tel.: +1-501-916-3456 (A.S.B.); +1-870-680-8877 (J.Y.X.); Fax: +1-501-916-3601 (A.S.B.); +1-870-680-8845 (J.Y.X.)
| | - Jennifer Yanhua Xie
- Molecular Biosciences Graduate Program, Arkansas State University, State University, AR 72467, USA; (K.D.S.); (G.-L.Z.)
- Department of Basic Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72401, USA
- Correspondence: (A.S.B.); (J.Y.X.); Tel.: +1-501-916-3456 (A.S.B.); +1-870-680-8877 (J.Y.X.); Fax: +1-501-916-3601 (A.S.B.); +1-870-680-8845 (J.Y.X.)
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98
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Wang Y, Satyavolu NSR, Yang H, Lu Y. Kinetic Reconstruction of DNA-Programed Plasmonic Metal Nanostructures with Predictable Shapes and Optical Properties. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:4410-4421. [PMID: 35234474 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
It is desirable to rationally engineer plasmonic metal nanostructures with sets of structural parameters that lead to specific functions. However, it is still challenging to predict the nanostructured outcome of a synthesis reaction by design because not only the exact kinetic path for the structural evolution is very complicated but also the relationships among various functional and structural parameters are often tangled. It is necessary to deconvolute the structure-function relationships and understand the co-evolution of structural and functional parameters as the nanostructures grow. DNA is a programable biomolecular capping ligand that was shown to be capable of precisely controlling the evolution of metal nanostructures. In this study, we systematically analyzed the evolution of two structural parameters and several functional parameters in the growth of Au-Ag nanostructures controlled by two DNA sequences. We deconvoluted the contributions from the two structural parameters in affecting the plasmonic properties in different kinetic and geometric domains. We further designed new nanostructures by exchanging DNA sequences in the growth environment, which also changed their evolution pathways. The resulting structural and functional parameters could be predictively tuned by the timing of the exchange. This study demonstrates the powerful toolbox provided by programable biomolecules in producing novel nanostructures in a predictable manner. It also shows that by understanding the kinetic evolution of the structural parameters and their relationships with the function parameters, it is possible to design the precise combinations of structural and functional parameters in the nanostructured products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Wang
- Departments of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Nitya Sai Reddy Satyavolu
- Departments of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Hong Yang
- Departments of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yi Lu
- Departments of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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99
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Gordel-Wójcik M, Piela K, Kołkowski R. Monitoring the gold nanoshell growth mechanism: stabilizing and destabilizing effects of PEG-SH molecules. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:5700-5709. [PMID: 35187554 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00239f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanoshells have attracted significant interest due to their resonant optical properties providing excellent spectral tunability, promising for various biophotonic applications. In this work we discuss our experimental and theoretical results related to the synthesis and optical characterization of surface-modified gold nanoshells. The nanoshell growth mechanism is monitored by IR spectroscopy, and the effects of modification of the gold nanoshell surface by PEG-SH ((11-mercaptoundecyl)tetra(ethylene glycol)) molecules are studied using TEM and optical methods. A red shift of localized surface plasmon resonance is observed upon formation of a layer of PEG-SH molecules on the completed gold nanoshells. Uncompleted gold shells show tendency to detach from the spherical silica cores, and the underlying destabilizing mechanism is discussed. The experimentally measured optical extinction properties are in good agreement with the results of numerical simulations, which additionally shed light on the localized plasmon modes contributing to the extinction, as well as on the effects of nanoshell surface nonuniformity on the resonant plasmonic properties and local field enhancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gordel-Wójcik
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14.p F. Joliot-Curie Street, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Piela
- Department of Physical and Quantum Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, Wrocław, 50-370, Poland
| | - Radosław Kołkowski
- Optics and Photonics Group, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O.Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
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100
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Song H, Peng T, Wang X, Li B, Wang Y, Song D, Xu T, Liu X. Glutathione-Sensitive Mesoporous Organosilica-Coated Gold Nanorods as Drug Delivery System for Photothermal Therapy-Enhanced Precise Chemotherapy. Front Chem 2022; 10:842682. [PMID: 35281558 PMCID: PMC8914165 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.842682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of photothermal therapy (PTT) and chemotherapy can remarkably improve the permeability of the cell membrane and reduce the concentration of chemotherapy agents that not only kill the tumor cells effectively but also have adverse effects on normal tissues. It is of great meaning to construct nanomaterials that could be simultaneously applied for tumor eradication with PTT and chemotherapy. In this work, we developed a novel gold nanorod coated with mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (oMSN-GNR), which presented as an optimal photothermal contrast agent. Moreover, after doxorubicin loading (oMSN-GNR–DOX), the organosilica shell exhibited biodegradable properties under high glutathione in the tumor microenvironment, resulting in massively releasing doxorubicin to kill tumor cells. More importantly, the hyperthermia effect of GNR cores under near-infrared light provided promising opportunities for localized photothermal ablation in vivo. Therefore, the combination of precise chemotherapy and highly effective PTT successfully inhibited tumor growth in liver tumor-bearing mice. This versatile synergistic therapy with local heating and chemotherapeutics precise release opens up the potential clinical application of PTT and chemotherapy therapeutics for malignant tumor eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingwei Peng
- Postgraduate Training Base in Shanghai Gongli Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - Beibei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufang Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - Dianhai Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianzhao Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Tianzhao Xu, ; Xinghui Liu,
| | - Xinghui Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Tianzhao Xu, ; Xinghui Liu,
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