51
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Fan Y, Chen H, Liu X, Ren M, Liang Y, Wang Y, Miao Y, Chen Y, Zhao Y. Myth behind Metastable and Stable n-Hexylammonium Bromide-Based Low-Dimensional Perovskites. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:8209-8217. [PMID: 37002871 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
In perovskite solar cells, passivating the surface or interface that contains a high concentration of defects, specifically deep-level defects, is one of the most important topics to substantially enhance the power conversion efficiency and stability of the devices. Long-chain alkylammonium bromides have been widely and commonly adapted for passivation treatment. However, the mechanism behind is still not well explored as the formation route and the exact structure of these alkylammonium bromide-based low-dimensional perovskites are unclear. Herein, we investigate the physical and chemical properties of an n-hexylammonium bromide (HABr)-based low-dimensional perovskite including both thin films and single crystals. First of all, the HA2PbBr4 perovskite film and aged single crystal demonstrate different X-ray diffraction patterns from those of the fresh as-prepared single crystal. We found that the fresh HA2PbBr4 single crystal exhibits a metastable phase as its structure changes with aging due to the relaxation of crystal lattice strains, whereas the HA2PbBr4 perovskite film is pretty stable as the aged single crystal. Upon reacting with FAPbI3, HABr can be intercalated into the FAPbI3 lattice to form a mixed-cation perovskite of HAFAPbI3Br, which is in a dynamic equilibrium of decomposition and formation. In contrast, the reaction of HABr with excess PbI2 forms a stable HA2PbI2Br2 perovskite. Based on such findings, we rationally develop a HA2PbI2Br2-passivated FACs-based perovskite by reacting HABr with excess PbI2, the photovoltaics based on which are more stable and efficient than those passivated by the HAFAPbI3Br perovskite. Our discovery paves way for a more in-depth study of bromide-containing low-dimensional perovskites and their optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingping Fan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Haoran Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Meng Ren
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yugang Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yanfeng Miao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuetian Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yixin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Non-carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute, Shanghai 200240, China
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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52
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Hao M, Duan T, Ma Z, Ju MG, Bennett JA, Liu T, Guo P, Zhou Y. Flattening Grain-Boundary Grooves for Perovskite Solar Cells with High Optomechanical Reliability. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2211155. [PMID: 36688433 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Optomechanical reliability has emerged as an important criterion for evaluating the performance and commercialization potential of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) due to the mechanical-property mismatch of metal halide perovskites with other device layer. In this work, grain-boundary grooves, a rarely discussed film microstructural characteristic, are found to impart significant effects on the optomechanical reliability of perovskite-substrate heterointerfaces and thus PSC performance. By pre-burying iso-butylammonium chloride additive in the electron-transport layer (ETL), GB grooves (GBGs) are flattened and an optomechanically reliable perovskite heterointerface that resists photothermal fatigue is created. The improved mechanical integrity of the ETL-perovskite heterointerfaces also benefits the charge transport and chemical stability by facilitating carrier injection and reducing moisture or solvent trapping, respectively. Accordingly, high-performance PSCs which exhibit efficiency retentions of 94.8% under 440 h damp heat test (85% RH and 85 °C), and 93.0% under 2000 h continuous light soaking are achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwei Hao
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Tianwei Duan
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Ma
- Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Gang Ju
- Department of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Joseph A Bennett
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Tanghao Liu
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Peijun Guo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
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53
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Hu Y, Xu Z, Wang Z, Zhou Y, Song W, Gao Y, Sun G, Sun T, Zhang S, Tang Y. Multifunctional anthraquinone-sulfonic potassium salts passivate the buried interface for efficient and stable planar perovskite solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:8403-8411. [PMID: 36896835 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00514c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
SnO2-based planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are considered as potential photovoltaic candidates due to their simple structures and cost-effective preparation processes. However, the extensive defects accumulated at the buried interface between perovskite and SnO2 greatly hinder the further improvement of PSC efficiency and stability. Herein, the potassium salt of anthraquinone-1,8-disulfonate (ASPS) is used as a novel multifunctional interfacial modifier to improve the carrier transport performance at the buried interface and optimize the quality of the upper perovskite light absorber layer (PVK) in PSCs. Owing to the synergistic effect of sulfonic acid groups, carbonyl groups and potassium ions in ASPS, the accumulated defects at the buried interface are passivated, the energy level arrangement of the interface is optimized, and the crystalline quality and optoelectronic properties of the PVK films are improved. As a result, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) improved significantly from 21.36% for the controlled device to 23.96% for the ASPS-modified device. Furthermore, the unencapsulated ASPS-modified device also exhibited better storage stability and thermal stability than the controlled device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiang Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
- School of Physics and Photoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, Shandong, China.
| | - Zong Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhi Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yifan Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wenwu Song
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yushuang Gao
- School of Physics and Photoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, Shandong, China.
| | - Guangping Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Tongming Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Shufang Zhang
- School of Physics and Photoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, Shandong, China.
| | - Yanfeng Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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54
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Zhang D, Fu Y, Wu W, Li B, Zhu H, Zhan H, Cheng Y, Qin C, Wang L. Comprehensive Passivation for High-Performance Quasi-2D Perovskite LEDs. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206927. [PMID: 36541740 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Quasi-2D perovskites have demonstrated great application potential in light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Defect passivation with chemicals plays a critical role to achieve high efficiency. However, there are still challenges in comprehensively passivating the defects distributed at surface, bulk, and buried interface of quasi-2D perovskite emitting films, hindering the further improvement of device performance. Herein, 9,9-substituted fluorene derivatives with different terminal functional groups are developed tactfully to realize comprehensive passivation, which greatly contributes to reducing nonradiative recombination at surface, suppressing ion migration in bulk, and filling interfacial charge traps at buried interface, respectively. Eventually, quasi-2D perovskite LEDs have an increased external quantum efficiency from 18.2% to 23.2%, improved operation lifetime by more than six times and lower turn-on voltage simultaneously. Here the importance of comprehensive passivation is highlighted and guidelines for the design and application of passivators for perovskite optoelectronics are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Yunxing Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Wenping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Binhe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Helong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hongmei Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Chuanjiang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Lixiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
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55
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Wu X, Gao D, Sun X, Zhang S, Wang Q, Li B, Li Z, Qin M, Jiang X, Zhang C, Li Z, Lu X, Li N, Xiao S, Zhong X, Yang S, Li Z, Zhu Z. Backbone Engineering Enables Highly Efficient Polymer Hole-Transporting Materials for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208431. [PMID: 36585902 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The interface and crystallinity of perovskite films play a decisive role in determining the device performance, which is significantly influenced by the bottom hole-transporting material (HTM) of inverted perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). Herein, a simple design strategy of polymer HTMs is reported, which can modulate the wettability and promote the anchoring by introducing pyridine units into the polyarylamine backbone, so as to realize efficient and stable inverted PVSCs. The HTM properties can be effectively modified by varying the linkage sites of pyridine units, and 3,5-linked PTAA-P1 particularly demonstrates a more regulated molecular configuration for interacting with perovskites, leading to highly crystalline perovskite films with uniform back contact and reduced defect density. Dopant-free PTAA-P1-based inverted PVSCs have realized remarkable efficiencies of 24.89% (certified value: 24.50%) for small-area (0.08 cm2 ) as well as 23.12% for large-area (1 cm2 ) devices. Moreover, the unencapsulated device maintains over 93% of its initial efficiency after 800 h of maximum power point tracking under simulated AM 1.5G illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Danpeng Gao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Xianglang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Shoufeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Minchao Qin
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaofen Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Shuang Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Nano-Micro Materials Research, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- Center for Advanced Material Diagnostic Technology and College of Engineering Physics, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Shangfeng Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhong'an Li
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zonglong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
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56
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Liu X, Qiao Y, Guo X. Roles that Organic Ammoniums Play on the Surface of the Perovskite Film: A Review. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203001. [PMID: 36369869 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The roles of organic ammonium salts (OASs) which are widely used for the surface treatment of the perovskite film, including formation of 2D perovskites, direct surface passiviation, and other effects, have been reviewed. The influencing factors for these roles of OASs are also discussed, which are important for improved efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells. More information can be found in the Review article by X. Guo and co-workers. (DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotao Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, & National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Yu Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Xin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
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57
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Fu J, Zhang J, Zhang T, Yuan L, Zhang Z, Jiang Z, Huang Z, Wu T, Yan K, Zhang L, Wang A, Ji W, Zhou Y, Song B. Synergistic Effects of Interfacial Energy Level Regulation and Stress Relaxation via a Buried Interface for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS NANO 2023; 17:2802-2812. [PMID: 36700840 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c11091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
An electron-transport layer with appropriate energy alignment and enhanced charge transfer is critical for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In addition, interface stress and lattice distortion are inevitable during the crystallization process of perovskite. Herein, IT-4F is introduced into PSCs at the buried SnO2 and perovskite interface, which assists in releasing the residual stress in the perovskite layer. Meanwhile, the work function of SnO2/IT-4F is lower than that of SnO2, which facilitates charge transfer from perovskite to ETL and consequently leads to a significant improvement in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) to 23.73%. The VOC obtained is as high as 1.17 V, corresponding to a low voltage deficit of 0.38 V for a 1.55 eV bandgap. Consequently, the device based on IT-4F maintains 94% of the initial PCE over 2700 h when stored in N2 and retains 87% of the initial PCE after operation for 1000 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Fu
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou215123, China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou215123, China
| | - Taoyi Zhang
- Sinopec (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd, Beijing100013, China
| | - Ligang Yuan
- School of Environment and Energy, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510006, China
| | - Zelong Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou215123, China
| | - Zhixuan Jiang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou215123, China
| | - Zhezhi Huang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou215123, China
| | - Tiao Wu
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou215123, China
| | - Keyou Yan
- School of Environment and Energy, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510006, China
| | - Longgui Zhang
- Sinopec (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd, Beijing100013, China
| | - Ailian Wang
- Sinopec (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd, Beijing100013, China
| | - Wenxi Ji
- Sinopec (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd, Beijing100013, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou215123, China
| | - Bo Song
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou215123, China
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58
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Chen P, Xiao Y, Li L, Zhao L, Yu M, Li S, Hu J, Liu B, Yang Y, Luo D, Hou CH, Guo X, Shyue JJ, Lu ZH, Gong Q, Snaith HJ, Zhu R. Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells via Improved Sequential Deposition. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2206345. [PMID: 36443913 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Inverted-structure metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attractive advantages like low-temperature processability and outstanding device stability. The two-step sequential deposition method shows the benefits of easy fabrication and decent performance repeatability. Nevertheless, it is still challenging to achieve high-performance inverted PSCs with similar or equal power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) compared to the regular-structure counterparts via this deposition method. Here, an improved two-step sequential deposition technique is demonstrated via treating the bottom organic hole-selective layer with the binary modulation system composed of a polyelectrolyte and an ammonium salt. Such improved sequential deposition method leads to the spontaneous refinement of up and buried interfaces for the perovskite films, contributing to high film quality with significantly reduced defect density and better charge transportation. As a result, the optimized PSCs show a large enhancement in the open-circuit voltage by 100 mV and a dramatic lift in the PCE from 18.1% to 23.4%, delivering the current state-of-the-art performances for inverted PSCs. Moreover, good operational and thermal stability is achieved upon the improved inverted PSCs. This innovative strategy helps gain a deeper insight into the perovskite crystal growth and defect modulation in the inverted PSCs based on the two-step sequential deposition method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yun Xiao
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Lichen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Maotao Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shunde Li
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Juntao Hu
- Department of Physics, Center for Optoelectronics Engineering Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China
- Center of Development and Research, Yunnan Tin Group (Holding) Co. Ltd, Kunming, Yunnan, 650106, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Yingguo Yang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Deying Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 3E4, Canada
| | - Cheng-Hung Hou
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Xugang Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Jing-Jong Shyue
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Zheng-Hong Lu
- Department of Physics, Center for Optoelectronics Engineering Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 3E4, Canada
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226010, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Henry J Snaith
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Rui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226010, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
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59
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Zhang Z, Qiao L, Meng K, Long R, Chen G, Gao P. Rationalization of passivation strategies toward high-performance perovskite solar cells. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:163-195. [PMID: 36454225 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00217e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have shown unprecedented development in efficiency and progressed relentlessly in improving stability. All the achievements have been accompanied by diverse passivation strategies to circumvent the pervasive defects in perovskite materials, which play crucial roles in the process of charge recombination, ion migration, and component degradation. Among the tremendous efforts made to solve these issues and achieve high-performance PSCs, we classify and review both well-established and burgeoning passivation strategies to provide further guidance for the passivation protocols in PSCs, including chemical passivation to eliminate defects by the formation of chemical bonds, physical passivation to eliminate defects by strain relaxation or physical treatments, energetic passivation to improve the stability toward light and oxygen, and field-effect passivation to regulate the interfacial carrier behavior. The subtle but non-trivial consequences from various passivation strategies need advanced characterization techniques combining synchrotron-based X-ray analysis, capacitance-based measurements, spatially resolved imaging, fluorescent molecular probe, Kelvin probe force microscope, etc., to scrutinize the mechanisms. In the end, challenges and prospective research directions on advancing these passivation strategies are proposed. Judicious combinations among chemical, physical, energetic, and field-effect passivation deserve more attention for future high-efficiency and stable perovskite photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China. .,Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Lu Qiao
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Ke Meng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Run Long
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Peng Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China. .,Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
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Shang X, Ma X, Meng F, Ma J, Yang L, Li M, Gao D, Chen C. Zwitterionic ionic liquid synergistically induces interfacial dipole formation and traps state passivation for high-performance perovskite solar cells. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 630:155-163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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61
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Gu B, Du Y, Fang S, Chen X, Li X, Xu Q, Lu H. Fabrication of UV-Stable Perovskite Solar Cells with Compact Fe 2O 3 Electron Transport Layer by FeCl 3 Solution and Fe 3O 4 Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4415. [PMID: 36558268 PMCID: PMC9781711 DOI: 10.3390/nano12244415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Even though Fe2O3 is reported as the electron-transporting layer (ETL) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), its fabrication and defects limit its performance. Herein, we report a Fe2O3 ETL prepared from FeCl3 solution with a dopant Fe3O4 nanoparticle modification. It is found that the mixed solution can reduce the defects and enhance the performance of Fe2O3 ETL, contributing to improved electron transfer and suppressed charge recombination. Consequently, the best efficiency is improved by more than 118% for the optimized device. The stability efficiency of the Fe2O3-ETL-based device is nearly 200% higher than that of the TiO2-ETL-based device after 7 days measurement under a 300 W Xe lamp. This work provides a facile method to fabricate environmentally friendly, high-quality Fe2O3 ETL for perovskite photovoltaic devices and provides a guide for defect passivation research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangkai Gu
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yi Du
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Song Fang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Xiabing Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Qingyu Xu
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Hao Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
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62
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He R, Yi Z, Luo Y, Luo J, Wei Q, Lai H, Huang H, Zou B, Cui G, Wang W, Xiao C, Ren S, Chen C, Wang C, Xing G, Fu F, Zhao D. Pure 2D Perovskite Formation by Interfacial Engineering Yields a High Open-Circuit Voltage beyond 1.28 V for 1.77-eV Wide-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2203210. [PMID: 36372551 PMCID: PMC9799022 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Surface post-treatment using ammonium halides effectively reduces large open-circuit voltage (VOC ) losses in bromine-rich wide-bandgap (WBG) perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the underlying mechanism still remains unclear and the device efficiency lags largely behind. Here, a facile strategy of precisely tailoring the phase purity of 2D perovskites on top of 3D WBG perovskite and realizing high device efficiency is reported. The transient absorption spectra, cross-sectional confocal photoluminescence mapping, and cross-sectional Kelvin probe force microscopy are combined to demonstrate optimal defect passivation effect and surface electric-field of pure n = 1 2D perovskites formed atop 3D WBG perovskites via low-temperature annealing. As a result, the inverted champion device with 1.77-eV perovskite absorber achieves a high VOC of 1.284 V and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.72%, delivering the smallest VOC deficit of 0.486 V among WBG PSCs with a bandgap higher than 1.75 eV. This enables one to achieve a four-terminal all-perovskite tandem solar cell with a PCE exceeding 25% by combining with a 1.25-eV low-bandgap PSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui He
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Institute of New Energy and Low‐Carbon TechnologyEngineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & DevicesMinistry of EducationSichuan UniversityChengdu610065P. R. China
| | - Zongjin Yi
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Institute of New Energy and Low‐Carbon TechnologyEngineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & DevicesMinistry of EducationSichuan UniversityChengdu610065P. R. China
| | - Yi Luo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Institute of New Energy and Low‐Carbon TechnologyEngineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & DevicesMinistry of EducationSichuan UniversityChengdu610065P. R. China
| | - Jincheng Luo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Institute of New Energy and Low‐Carbon TechnologyEngineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & DevicesMinistry of EducationSichuan UniversityChengdu610065P. R. China
| | - Qi Wei
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of EducationInstitute of Applied Physics and Materials EngineeringUniversity of MacauAvenida da Universidade, TaipaMacau999078P. R. China
| | - Huagui Lai
- Laboratory for Thin Films and PhotovoltaicsEmpa – Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyUeberlandstrasse 129DuebendorfCH‐8600Switzerland
| | - Hao Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non‐ferrous Metals and Featured MaterialsSchool of Resources, Environment and MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning530004P. R. China
| | - Bingsuo Zou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non‐ferrous Metals and Featured MaterialsSchool of Resources, Environment and MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning530004P. R. China
| | - Guangyao Cui
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Institute of New Energy and Low‐Carbon TechnologyEngineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & DevicesMinistry of EducationSichuan UniversityChengdu610065P. R. China
| | - Wenwu Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Institute of New Energy and Low‐Carbon TechnologyEngineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & DevicesMinistry of EducationSichuan UniversityChengdu610065P. R. China
| | - Chuanxiao Xiao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo New Material Testing and Evaluation Center Co., LtdNingbo City315201P. R. China
| | - Shengqiang Ren
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Institute of New Energy and Low‐Carbon TechnologyEngineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & DevicesMinistry of EducationSichuan UniversityChengdu610065P. R. China
| | - Cong Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Institute of New Energy and Low‐Carbon TechnologyEngineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & DevicesMinistry of EducationSichuan UniversityChengdu610065P. R. China
| | - Changlei Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologyKey Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of ChinaSoochow UniversitySuzhou215006P. R. China
| | - Guichuan Xing
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of EducationInstitute of Applied Physics and Materials EngineeringUniversity of MacauAvenida da Universidade, TaipaMacau999078P. R. China
| | - Fan Fu
- Laboratory for Thin Films and PhotovoltaicsEmpa – Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyUeberlandstrasse 129DuebendorfCH‐8600Switzerland
| | - Dewei Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Institute of New Energy and Low‐Carbon TechnologyEngineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & DevicesMinistry of EducationSichuan UniversityChengdu610065P. R. China
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63
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Song Q, Bai Y, Chen Q. The Spring of Processing Chemistry in Perovskite Solar Cells-Bayesian Optimization. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:10741-10750. [PMID: 36374257 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have achieved great development since 2009 because of their unique optoelectronic properties. However, the critical challenges in perovskite photovoltaics still hinder their practical application. The performance of PSCs is governed by a number of indivisible factors during device fabrication, some of which are implicit and receive little attention. Conventional research often follows an iterative trial and error manner to optimize the PSCs, wherein the underlying mechanisms for major processing are not clear. Bayesian Optimization (BO) shows great potential for accelerating the development of processing chemistry for PSCs, which have received success in resolving the black-box problems in artificial intelligence (AI). In this Perspective, we briefly introduce the BO algorithm and review and discuss the applications of BO in the field of perovskite photovoltaics. Outlooks of the BO applications in processing chemistry of PSCs are proposed briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizhen Song
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, P. R. China
| | - Yang Bai
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, P. R. China
| | - Qi Chen
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, P. R. China
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64
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Recent progress in perovskite solar cells: from device to commercialization. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1426-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Ren J, Liu T, He B, Wu G, Gu H, Wang B, Li J, Mao Y, Chen S, Xing G. Passivating Defects at the Bottom Interface of Perovskite by Ethylammonium to Improve the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2203536. [PMID: 36229405 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The interface of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) plays a significant role in influencing their performance, yet there is still scarce research focusing on their difficult-to-expose bottom interfaces. Herein, ethylammonium bromide (EABr) is introduced into the bottom interface and its passivation effects are studied directly. First, EABr can improve substrate wettability, which is beneficial for the perovskite-film deposition. By lifting off the perovskite film spontaneously from the substrate, it is found that EABr can significantly reduce the amount of unreacted PbI2 at the bottom interface. These PbI2 crystals have been recently identified as a major defect source and degradation site for perovskite film. Meanwhile, EABr also lifts the valence band maximum at the bottom side of perovskite from -5.38 to -5.09 eV, facilitating better hole transfer. Such a improvement is also verified by the study of charge carrier dynamics. Through introducing EABr, all photovoltaic parameters of the inverted PSCs are improved, and their power conversion efficiency (PCE) increases from 20.41% to 21.06%. The study highlights the importance of direct characterization of the bottom interface for a better passivation effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Ren
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Tanghao Liu
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Bingchen He
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Guangbao Wu
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Hao Gu
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Bingzhe Wang
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Jielei Li
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Yulin Mao
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Shi Chen
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Guichuan Xing
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
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Yao Y, Cheng C, Zhang C, Hu H, Wang K, De Wolf S. Organic Hole-Transport Layers for Efficient, Stable, and Scalable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2203794. [PMID: 35771986 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hole-transporting layers (HTLs) are an essential component in inverted, p-i-n perovskite solar cells (PSCs) where they play a decisive role in extraction and transport of holes, surface passivation, perovskite crystallization, device stability, and cost. Currently, the exploration of efficient, stable, highly transparent and low-cost HTLs is of vital importance for propelling p-i-n PSCs toward commercialization. Compared to their inorganic counterparts, organic HTLs offer multiple advantages such as a tunable bandgap and energy level, easy synthesis and purification, solution processability, and overall low cost. Here, recent progress of organic HTLs, including conductive polymers, small molecules, and self-assembled monolayers, as utilized in inverted PSCs is systematically reviewed and summarized. Their molecular structure, hole-transport properties, energy levels, and relevant device properties and resulting performances are presented and analyzed. A summary of design principles and a future outlook toward highly efficient organic HTLs in inverted PSCs is proposed. This review aims to inspire further innovative development of novel organic HTLs for more efficient, stable, and scalable inverted PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiguo Yao
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Caidong Cheng
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Hanlin Hu
- Hoffman Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic, 7098 Liuxian Boulevard, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Stefaan De Wolf
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, and KAUST Solar Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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Zhou Z, Liang J, Zhang Z, Zheng Y, Wu X, Tian C, Huang Y, Wang J, Yang Y, Sun A, Chen Z, Chen CC. Direct In Situ Conversion of Lead Iodide to a Highly Oriented and Crystallized Perovskite Thin Film via Sequential Deposition for 23.48% Efficient and Stable Photovoltaic Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:49886-49897. [PMID: 36310522 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the sequential deposition method of perovskite films, the crystallinity and microstructure of PbI2 are often sacrificed to solve the problem of an incomplete reaction between organic halide and lead halide. As a result, the crystal orientation of the perovskite film prepared by the sequential deposition method is generally worse than that of the perovskite film prepared by a one-step antisolvent method. Here, we preplaced formamidine formate (FAFa) on the buried interface to regulate the formation mechanism from PbI2 to perovskite. As shown by the XPS measurement of the perovskite buried interface, the HCOO- anion of FAFa first partially replaces I- to coordinate with Pb2+. With the subsequent annealing process, some HCOO- anions were released and migrated upward, which promoted the recrystallization of PbI2, obtaining a PbI2 film with enhanced crystallinity and orientation. Additionally, the lift-off process proves that the HCOO- anions suppress the anion vacancy defects enriched at the buried interface and promote charge transport because the HCOO- anions are small enough to adapt to the iodide vacancy. Grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering and X-ray diffraction measurements show that the in situ conversion mechanism is responsible for the PbI2-to-perovskite process, resulting in the highly oriented perovskite film without increasing the residual PbI2 content in the perovskite film. As a result, our strategies enabled a champion power conversion efficiency of 23.48% with improved storage stability and photostability. This work provides a new strategy to improve the crystallinity of sequential deposition perovskites without destabilizing the device due to more PbI2 residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai20024, P.R. China
| | - Jianghu Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai20024, P.R. China
| | - Zhanfei Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai20024, P.R. China
| | - Yiting Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai20024, P.R. China
| | - Xueyun Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai20024, P.R. China
| | - Congcong Tian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai20024, P.R. China
| | - Ying Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai20024, P.R. China
| | - Jianli Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai20024, P.R. China
| | - Yajuan Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai20024, P.R. China
| | - Anxin Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai20024, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhua Chen
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai201800, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Chao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai20024, P.R. China
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Wu J, Li MH, Jiang Y, Xu Q, Xian L, Guo H, Wan J, Wen R, Fang Y, Xie D, Lei Y, Hu JS, Lin Y. Carrier Management via Integrating InP Quantum Dots into Electron Transport Layer for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS NANO 2022; 16:15063-15071. [PMID: 36036963 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c06171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxides are the most efficient electron transport layers (ETLs) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, issues related to the bulk (i.e., insufficient electron mobility, unfavorable energy level position) and interface of metal oxide/perovskite (detrimental surface hydroxyl groups) limit the transport kinetics of photoinduced electrons and prevent PSCs from unleashing their theoretical efficiency potential. Herein, the inorganic InP colloid quantum dots (CQDs) with outstanding electron mobility (4600 cm2 V-1 s-1) and carboxyl (-COOH) terminal ligands were uniformly distributed into the metal oxide ETL to form consecutive electron transport channels. The hybrid InP CQD-based ETL demonstrates a more N-type characteristic with more than 3-fold improvement in electron mobility. The formation of the Sn-O-In bond facilitates electron extraction due to suitable energy level alignment between the ETL and perovskite. The strong interaction between uncoordinated Pb2+ at the perovskite/ETL interface and the -COO- in the ligand of InP CQDs reduces the density of defects in perovskite. As a result, the hybrid InP CQD-based ETL with an optimized InP ratio (18 wt %) boosts the power conversion efficiency of PSCs from 22.38 to 24.09% (certified efficiency of 23.43%). Meanwhile, the device demonstrates significantly improved photostability and atmospheric storage stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ming-Hua Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiaoling Xu
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Center for Computational Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Lede Xian
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Center for Free Electron Laser Science, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Haodan Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Wan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rui Wen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanyan Fang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dongmei Xie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan Lei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jin-Song Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Luo Z, Guo T, Wang C, Zou J, Wang J, Dong W, Li J, Zhang W, Zhang X, Zheng W. Enhancing the Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells through Interface Engineering with MoS 2 Quantum Dots. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12173079. [PMID: 36080116 PMCID: PMC9460046 DOI: 10.3390/nano12173079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The interface of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) determines their power conversion efficiency (PCE). Here, the buried bottom surface of a perovskite film is efficiently passivated by using MoS2 quantum dots. The perovskite films prepared on top of MoS2-assisted substrates show enhanced crystallinity, as evidenced by improved photoluminescence and a prolonged emission lifetime. MoS2 quantum dots with a large bandgap of 2.68 eV not only facilitate hole collection but also prevent the photogenerated electrons from flowing to the hole transport layer. Overall promotion leads to decreased trap density and an enhanced built-in electric field, thus increasing the device PCE from 17.87% to 19.95%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials MOE, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Tan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials MOE, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jifan Zou
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials MOE, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jianxun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials MOE, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials MOE, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials MOE, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials MOE, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials MOE, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Weitao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials MOE, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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Moisture-triggered fast crystallization enables efficient and stable perovskite solar cells. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4891. [PMID: 35986009 PMCID: PMC9391447 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32482-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the function of moisture on perovskite is challenging since the random environmental moisture strongly disturbs the perovskite structure. Here, we develop various N2-protected characterization techniques to comprehensively study the effect of moisture on the efficient cesium, methylammonium, and formamidinium triple-cation perovskite (Cs0.05FA0.75MA0.20)Pb(I0.96Br0.04)3. In contrast to the secondary measurements, the established air-exposure-free techniques allow us directly monitor the influence of moisture during perovskite crystallization. We find a controllable moisture treatment for the intermediate perovskite can promote the mass transportation of organic salts, and help them enter the buried bottom of the films. This process accelerates the quasi-solid-solid reaction between organic salts and PbI2, enables a spatially homogeneous intermediate phase, and translates to high-quality perovskites with much-suppressed defects. Consequently, we obtain a champion device efficiency of approaching 24% with negligible hysteresis. The devices exhibit an average T80-lifetime of 852 h (maximum 1210 h) working at the maximum power point. Perovskite structure is disturbed by environmental moisture, limiting the device performance. Here, Wei et al. monitor the effect of moisture during the growth by N2-protected characterization techniques, and obtain an operationally stable perovskite solar cell with efficiency approaching 24%.
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71
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Guan N, Ran C, Wang Y, Chao L, Deng Z, Wu G, Dong H, Bao Y, Lin Z, Song L. SnO 2 Passivation and Enhanced Perovskite Charge Extraction with a Benzylamine Hydrochloric Interlayer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:34198-34207. [PMID: 34870979 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained much attention because of their expressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 25.5%. A good contact and a well-aligned energy level at the buried interfaces between electron transport layers (ETLs) and perovskite films play an essential role in promoting charge-carrier collection and suppressing nonradiative recombination. Currently, low-temperature-processed SnO2 thin films are widely used as the ETLs to achieve efficient and stable planar PSCs. However, fabricating proper SnO2/perovskite interfaces with a good contact and a well-aligned energy level is necessary but implies a great challenge. Herein, we modify the SnO2 ETL using benzylamine hydrochloride (BH), which is expected to facilitate the energy level alignment and to enhance perovskite crystallization. Moreover, the BH interlayer is found to effectively reduce the trap-state density and thereby improve the charge-carrier extraction between the ETL and the perovskite layer. Consequently, the PSC with BH modification yields a higher PCE, a lower hysteresis, and better stability than the device without a BH interlayer. This study highlights the key role of molecule modification of ETLs in designing efficient and stable PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianci Guan
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Chenxin Ran
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Lingfeng Chao
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Zhaoqi Deng
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Guo Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - He Dong
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yaqi Bao
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Zongqiong Lin
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Lin Song
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
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72
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Guo Q, Duan J, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Duan Y, Yang X, He B, Zhao Y, Tang Q. Universal Dynamic Liquid Interface for Healing Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202301. [PMID: 35460143 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Healing charge-selective contact interfaces in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) highly determines the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability. However, the state-of-the-art strategies are often static by one-off formation of a functional interlayer, which delivers fixed interfacial properties during the subsequent operation. As a result, defects formed in-service will gradually deteriorate the photovoltaic performances. Herein, a dynamic healing interface (DHI) is presented by incorporating a low-melting-point small molecule onto perovskite film surface for highly efficient and stable PSCs. Arising from the reduced non-radiative recombination, the DHI boosts the PCE to 12.05% for an all-inorganic CsPbIBr2 solar cell and 14.14% for a CsPbI2 Br cell, as well as 23.37% for an FA0.92 MA0.08 PbI3 (FA = formamidinium, MA = methylammonium) cell. The solid-to-liquid phase conversion of DHI at elevated temperature causes a longitudinal infiltration into the bulk perovskite film to maximize the charge extraction, passivate defects at grain boundaries, and suppress ion migration. Furthermore, the stability is remarkably enhanced under air, heat, and persistent light-irradiation conditions, paving a universal strategy for advanced perovskite-based optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyao Guo
- College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Jialong Duan
- College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Junshuai Zhang
- College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Qiaoyu Zhang
- College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Duan
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon and Environmental Material (SCICDLCEM), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xiya Yang
- College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Benlin He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266100, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266510, P. R. China
| | - Qunwei Tang
- College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
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73
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Zhou Y, Najar A, Zhang J, Feng J, Cao Y, Li Z, Zhu X, Yang D, Liu SF. Effect of Solvent Residue in the Thin-Film Fabrication on Perovskite Solar Cell Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:28729-28737. [PMID: 35699996 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic Pb-based halide perovskite photoelectrical materials, especially perovskite solar cells (PSCs), have attracted attention due to the significant efforts in improving the power conversion efficiency (PCE) to above 25%. However, the stability issue of the PSCs restricts their further development for commercialization. Strategies are designed to keep moisture and oxygen out of the perovskite films, such as additive, surface passivation, and solvent engineering; however, usually, the corrosion of active films by the residual solvent is mostly ignored. Solvent residue is the paramount factor influencing the stability of the perovskite film prepared by the solution method, and most solvents can be easily absorbed and accelerate the perovskite film decomposition. Here, we studied the residual solvent effect on two kinds of perovskite films obtained by different annealing processes: hot air annealing and hot bench annealing. Several detection techniques were used to study the performance of two different annealing methods, including time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The perovskite film obtained by hot air annealing shows less residual solvent and better device performance than the hot bench annealing method. This method is expected to provide insight into reducing solvent residue to improve the stability of the PSCs, especially for future commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Zhou
- Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology; Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Adel Najar
- Department of Physics, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Ain 12345, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jing Zhang
- Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology; Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiangshan Feng
- Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology; Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology; Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology; Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuejie Zhu
- Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology; Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Shengzhong Frank Liu
- Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology; Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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74
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2D Material and Perovskite Heterostructure for Optoelectronic Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12122100. [PMID: 35745439 PMCID: PMC9228184 DOI: 10.3390/nano12122100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Optoelectronic devices are key building blocks for sustainable energy, imaging applications, and optical communications in modern society. Two-dimensional materials and perovskites have been considered promising candidates in this research area due to their fascinating material properties. Despite the significant progress achieved in the past decades, challenges still remain to further improve the performance of devices based on 2D materials or perovskites and to solve stability issues for their reliability. Recently, a novel concept of 2D material/perovskite heterostructure has demonstrated remarkable achievements by taking advantage of both materials. The diverse fabrication techniques and large families of 2D materials and perovskites open up great opportunities for structure modification, interface engineering, and composition tuning in state-of-the-art optoelectronics. In this review, we present comprehensive information on the synthesis methods, material properties of 2D materials and perovskites, and the research progress of optoelectronic devices, particularly solar cells and photodetectors which are based on 2D materials, perovskites, and 2D material/perovskite heterostructures with future perspectives.
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Huang Y, Liu T, Li D, Lian Q, Wang Y, Wang G, Mi G, Zhou Y, Amini A, Xu B, Tang Z, Cheng C, Xing G. Bridging the Interfacial Contact for Improved Stability and Efficiency of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201694. [PMID: 35578914 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have received widespread attention due to their facile fabrication and wide applications. However, their power conversion efficiency (PCE) is reported lower than that of regular PSCs because of the undesirable interfacial contact between perovskite and the hydrophobic hole transport layer (HTL). Here, an interface regulation strategy is proposed to overcome this limitation. A small molecule ([2-(9H-carbazol-9-yl) ethyl] phosphonic acid, abbreviated as 2P), composed of carbazole and phosphonic acid groups, is inserted between perovskite and HTL. Morphological characterization and theoretical calculation reveal that perovskite bonds stronger on 2P-modified HTL than on pristine HTL. The improved interfacial contact facilitates hole extraction and retards degradation. Upon the incorporation of 2P, inverted PSCs deliver a high PCE of over 22% with superior stability, keeping 84.6% of initial efficiency after 7200 h storage under an ambient atmosphere with a relative humidity of ≈30-40%. This strategy provides a simple and efficient way to boost the performance of inverted PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Huang
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
| | - Tanghao Liu
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Dongyang Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
| | - Qing Lian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
| | - Guoliang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
| | - Guojun Mi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Abbas Amini
- Center for Infrastructure Engineering, Western Sydney University, Kingswood, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Baomin Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
| | - Zikang Tang
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Chun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
| | - Guichuan Xing
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
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76
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Zheng Z, Li F, Gong J, Ma Y, Gu J, Liu X, Chen S, Liu M. Pre-Buried Additive for Cross-Layer Modification in Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency Exceeding 22. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2109879. [PMID: 35384082 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202109879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Halide perovskites have shown superior potentials in flexible photovoltaics due to their soft and high power-to-weight nature. However, interfacial residual stress and lattice mismatch due to the large deformation of flexible substrates have greatly limited the performance of flexible perovskite solar cells (F-PSCs). Here, ammonium formate (HCOONH4 ) is used as a pre-buried additive in electron transport layer (ETL) to realize a bottom-up infiltration process for an in situ, integral modification of ETL, perovskite layer, and their interface. The HCOONH4 treatment leads to an enhanced electron extraction in ETL, relaxed residual strain and micro-strain in perovskite film, along with reduced defect densities within these layers. As a result, a top power conversion efficiency of 22.37% and a certified 21.9% on F-PSCs are achieved, representing the highest performance reported so far. This work links the critical connection between multilayer mechanics/defect profiles of ETL-perovskite structure and device performance, thus providing meaningful scientific direction to further narrowing the efficiency gap between F-PSCs and rigid-substrate counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghao Zheng
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Faming Li
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, 313000, P. R. China
| | - Jue Gong
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Yinyi Ma
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Jinwen Gu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Xiaochun Liu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Shuhan Chen
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Mingzhen Liu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, 313000, P. R. China
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Wang C, Xiong Q, Zhang Z, Meng L, Li F, Yang L, Wang X, Zhou Q, Fan W, Liang L, Lien SY, Li X, Wu J, Gao P. Deciphering the Reduced Loss in High Fill Factor Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells with Methoxy-Substituted Poly(Triarylamine) as the Hole Selective Contact. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:12640-12651. [PMID: 35239315 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c23942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A dopant-free polymeric hole selective contact (HSC) layer is ubiquitous for stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the intrinsic nonwetting nature of the polymeric HSC impedes the uniform spreading of the perovskite precursor solution, generating a terrible buried interface. Here, we dexterously tackle this dilemma from the perspective of dispersive and polar component surface energies of the HSC layer. A novel triarylamine-based HSC material, poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)amine] (2MeO-PTAA), was designed by introducing the polar methoxy groups to the para and ortho positions of the dangling benzene. These nonsymmetrically substituted electron-donating methoxy groups enhanced the polar components of surface energy, allowing more tight interfacial contact between the HSC layer and perovskite and facilitating hole extraction. When utilized as the dopant-free HSC layer in inverted PSCs, the 2MeO-PTAA-based device with CH3NH3PbI3 as the absorber exhibited an encouraging power conversion efficiency of 20.23% and a high fill factor of 84.31% with negligible hysteresis. Finally, a revised detailed balance model was used to verify the drastically lessened surface defect-induced recombination loss and shunt resistance loss in 2MeO-PTAA-based devices. This work demonstrates a facile and efficient way to modulate the buried interface and shed light on the direction to further improve the photovoltaic performance of inverted PSCs with other types of perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiu Xiong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zilong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Lingyi Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Feng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | | | | | - Qin Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weihang Fan
- Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024 China
| | - Lusheng Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | | | - Xin Li
- Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jihuai Wu
- Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021 China
| | - Peng Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
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78
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Gu B, Du Y, Chen B, Zhao R, Lu H, Xu Q, Guo C. Black Phosphorus Quantum Dot-Engineered Tin Oxide Electron Transport Layer for Highly Stable Perovskite Solar Cells with Negligible Hysteresis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:11264-11272. [PMID: 35171576 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c22097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
An effective combination of smart materials plays an important role in charge transfer and separation for high photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) and stable solar cells. Black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) have been revealed as a direct band gap semiconductor with ultrahigh conductivity, which have been explored in the present work as an additive component to a precursor solution of SnO2 nanoparticles that can effectively improve the performance of SnO2 electron transport layer (ETL)-based perovskite solar cells. Such a device can yield a high PCE of 21% with the SnO2/BPQDs mixed ETL, which is higher than those of perovskite solar cells based on SnO2 single layer (18.2%), BPQDs/SnO2 bilayer (19.5%), and SnO2/BPQDs bilayer (20.5%) samples. The mixed samples still possess good stability of more than 90% efficiency after 1000 h under AM 1.5G lamp irradiation and negligible hysteresis. It is found that the strong interaction of BPQDs with SnO2 can not only modify the defects inherent to the SnO2 layer but also inhibit the oxidation of BPQDs. This work provides a promising functional material for SnO2 ETL-based perovskite solar cells and proves that the BPQD-based modification strategy is useful for designing other solar cells with high performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangkai Gu
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yi Du
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Bo Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Run Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Hao Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Qingyu Xu
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Chunxian Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
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79
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Yang X, Zhao L, Su R, Wu J, Luo D, Li S, Chen P, Yu M, Gong Q, Zhu R. Mechanochemistry Advances High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107420. [PMID: 34845763 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A prerequisite for commercializing perovskite photovoltaics is to develop a swift and eco-friendly synthesis route, which guarantees the mass production of halide perovskites in the industry. Herein, a green-solvent-assisted mechanochemical strategy is developed for fast synthesizing a stoichiometric δ-phase formamidinium lead iodide (δ-FAPbI3 ) powder, which serves as a high-purity precursor for perovskite film deposition with low defects. The presynthesized δ-FAPbI3 precursor possesses high concentration of micrometer-sized colloids, which are in favor of preferable crystallization by spontaneous nucleation. The resultant perovskite films own preferred crystal orientations of cubic (100) plane, which is beneficial for superior carrier transport compared to that of the films with isotropic crystal orientations using "mixture of PbI2 and FAI" as precursors. As a result, high-performance perovskite solar cells with a maximum power conversion efficiency of 24.2% are obtained. Moreover, the δ-FAPbI3 powder shows superior storage stability for more than 10 months in ambient environment (40 ± 10% relative humidity), being conducive to a facile and practical storage for further commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yanju Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Lichen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Rui Su
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226010, China
| | - Deying Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 3E4, Canada
| | - Shunde Li
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Maotao Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226010, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226010, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
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80
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Zhao L, Li Q, Hou CH, Li S, Yang X, Wu J, Zhang S, Hu Q, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Jia S, Shyue JJ, Russell TP, Gong Q, Hu X, Zhu R. Chemical Polishing of Perovskite Surface Enhances Photovoltaic Performances. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:1700-1708. [PMID: 35041406 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The benefits of excess PbI2 on perovskite crystal nucleation and growth are countered by the photoinstability of interfacial PbI2 in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here we report a simple chemical polishing strategy to rip PbI2 crystals off the perovskite surface to decouple these two opposing effects. The chemical polishing results in a favorable perovskite surface exhibiting enhanced luminescence, prolonged carrier lifetimes, suppressed ion migration, and better energy level alignment. These desired benefits translate into increased photovoltages and fill factors, leading to high-performance mesostructured formamidinium lead iodide-based PSCs with a champion efficiency of 24.50%. As the interfacial ion migration paths and photodegradation triggers, dominated by PbI2 crystals, were eliminated, the hysteresis of the PSCs was suppressed and the device stability under illumination or humidity stress was significantly improved. Moreover, this new surface polishing strategy can be universally applicable to other typical perovskite compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qiuyang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Cheng-Hung Hou
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shunde Li
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, China
| | - Siyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qin Hu
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yanju Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuzhuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yufeng Jiang
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Shuang Jia
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jing-Jong Shyue
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Xiaoyong Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
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81
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Zhang S, Su J, Zhang J, Lin Z, Yuan H, Chang J, Hao Y. Impacts of the Electron Transport Layer Surface Reconstruction on the Buried Interface in Perovskite Optoelectronic Devices. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:11834-11842. [PMID: 34870988 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Using density functional theory combined with ab initio molecular dynamics, we comprehensively investigated the performance enhancement mechanism of the device after surface reconstruction by passivating different halogen groups (i.e., F or Cl) at the ETL/perovskite interface. We demonstrated that the halogen group at the ETL layer could stabilize the geometric structure of the perovskite surface by balancing the interfacial interaction, ionic migration, and lead iodide framework. Even though halogen passivation decreased and increased the interface charge transfer at the O- and SnO-terminated MAPbI3/SnO2 interfaces, respectively, halogen passivation optimized surface reconstruction and could theoretically relieve the interface carrier recombination according to the changes in conduction band offsets generated by halogen passivation. Furthermore, the interfacial carrier recombination of the MAPbI3/SnO2 interface was also connected to the interfacial gap states, which were smaller for O-terminated MAPbI3/SnO2 interfaces with halogen passivation-induced surface reconstruction but larger for the SnO-terminated cases. Hence, our findings have implications for the design of buried interface optimization in perovskite optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Zhang
- State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of Graphene, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, 2 South Taibai Road, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Jie Su
- State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of Graphene, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, 2 South Taibai Road, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Jincheng Zhang
- State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of Graphene, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, 2 South Taibai Road, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of Graphene, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, 2 South Taibai Road, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Haidong Yuan
- State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of Graphene, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, 2 South Taibai Road, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Jingjing Chang
- State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of Graphene, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, 2 South Taibai Road, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Yue Hao
- State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of Graphene, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, 2 South Taibai Road, Xi'an 710071, China
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82
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Xiang W, Liu S(F, Tress W. Interfaces and Interfacial Layers in Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanchun Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science &Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Shengzhong (Frank) Liu
- Key Laboratory for Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science &Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Wolfgang Tress
- Institute of Computational Physics Zurich University of Applied Sciences Wildbachstr. 21 8401 Winterthur Switzerland
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83
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Xiang W, Liu SF, Tress W. Interfaces and Interfacial Layers in Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26440-26453. [PMID: 34478217 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Owing to their superior thermal stability, metal halide inorganic perovskite materials continue to attract interest for photovoltaics applications. The highest reported power conversion efficiency (PCE) for solar cells based on inorganic perovskites is over 20 %. As this PCE corresponds to 73 % of the theoretical limit, there remains more room for further improving the device PCEs than for improving organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The main loss is in the photovoltage, which is limited by interfaces in terms of non-radiative recombination caused by traps and energy-level mismatch. Furthermore, inefficient charge extraction at interfacial contacts reduces the photocurrent and fill factor. This Minireview summarizes the recent developments in the fundamental understanding of how the interfaces and interfacial layers influence the performance of solar cells based on inorganic perovskite absorbers. An outlook for the development of highly efficient and stable inorganic PSCs from the interface point of view is also given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanchun Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science &Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Shengzhong Frank Liu
- Key Laboratory for Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science &Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Wolfgang Tress
- Institute of Computational Physics, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wildbachstr. 21, 8401, Winterthur, Switzerland
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84
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Chen S, Dai X, Xu S, Jiao H, Zhao L, Huang J. Stabilizing perovskite-substrate interfaces for high-performance perovskite modules. Science 2021; 373:902-907. [PMID: 34413234 DOI: 10.1126/science.abi6323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The interfaces of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are important in determining their efficiency and stability, but the morphology and stability of imbedded perovskite-substrate interfaces have received less attention than have top interfaces. We found that dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), which is a liquid additive broadly applied to enhance perovskite film morphology, was trapped during film formation and led to voids at perovskite-substrate interfaces that accelerated the film degradation under illumination. Partial replacement of DMSO with solid-state carbohydrazide reduces interfacial voids. A maximum stabilized power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.6% was realized for blade-coated p-type/intrinsic/n-type (p-i-n) structure PSCs with no efficiency loss after 550-hour operational stability tests at 60°C. The perovskite mini-modules showed certified PCEs of 19.3 and 19.2%, with aperture areas of 18.1 and 50.0 square centimeters, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangshang Chen
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Xuezeng Dai
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Shuang Xu
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Haoyang Jiao
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jinsong Huang
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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85
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Buyruk A, Blätte D, Günther M, Scheel MA, Hartmann NF, Döblinger M, Weis A, Hartschuh A, Müller-Buschbaum P, Bein T, Ameri T. 1,10-Phenanthroline as an Efficient Bifunctional Passivating Agent for MAPbI 3 Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:32894-32905. [PMID: 34240843 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Passivation is one of the most promising concepts to heal defects created at the surface and grain boundaries of polycrystalline perovskite thin films, which significantly deteriorate the photovoltaic performance and stability of corresponding devices. Here, 1,10-phenanthroline, known as a bidentate chelating ligand, is implemented between the methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) film and the hole-transport layer for both passivating the lead-based surface defects (undercoordinated lead ions) and converting the excess/unreacted lead iodide (PbI2) buried at interfaces, which is problematic for the long-term stability, into "neutralized" and beneficial species (PbI2(1,10-phen)x, x = 1, 2) for efficient hole transfer at the modified interface. The defect healing ability of 1,10-phenanthroline is verified with a set of complementary techniques including photoluminescence (steady-state and time-resolved), space-charge-limited current (SCLC) measurements, light intensity dependent JV measurements, and Fourier-transform photocurrent spectroscopy (FTPS). In addition to these analytical methods, we employ advanced X-ray scattering techniques, nano-Fourier transform infrared (nano-FTIR) spectroscopy, and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) to further analyze the structure and chemical composition at the perovskite surface after treatment at nanoscale spatial resolution. On the basis of our experimental results, we conclude that 1,10-phenanthroline treatment induces the formation of different morphologies with distinct chemical compositions on the surface of the perovskite film such that surface defects are effectively passivated, and excess/unreacted PbI2 is converted into beneficial complex species at the modified interface. As a result, an improved power conversion efficiency (20.16%) and significantly more stable unencapsulated perovskite solar cells are obtained with the 1,10-phenanthroline treatment compared to the MAPbI3 reference device (18.03%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Buyruk
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (E), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Dominic Blätte
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (E), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Marcella Günther
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (E), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Manuel A Scheel
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | | | - Markus Döblinger
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (E), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Weis
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (E), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Achim Hartschuh
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (E), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Thomas Bein
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (E), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Tayebeh Ameri
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (E), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Institute for Materials and Processes, Chemical Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Sanderson Building, Robert Stevenson Road, EH9 3FB Edinburgh, U.K
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86
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Niu T, Xue Q, Yip HL. Molecularly Engineered Interfaces in Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:4882-4901. [PMID: 34006104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a promising candidate for next-generation thin-film photovoltaic technology owing to their excellent optoelectronic properties and cost-effectiveness. To gain the full potential of device performance, an in-depth understanding of the surface/interface science is an urgent need. Here, we present a review of molecularly engineered studies on interface modifications of PSCs. We elaborate a systematic classification of the existing optimization techniques employed in molecularly engineered perovskite and interface materials and analyze the insights underlying the reliability issues and functional behaviors. The achievements allow us to highlight the crucial strengths of molecular design for further tailoring of the interfacial properties, mitigating the nonradiative losses, optimizing the device performance, and retarding the degradation process of PSCs. Finally, the remaining challenges and potential development directions of molecularly engineered interfaces for high-performance and stable PSCs are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510640 Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qifan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510640 Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Innovation Center of Printed Photovoltaics, South China Institute of Collaborative Innovation, 523808 Dongguan, P.R. China
| | - Hin-Lap Yip
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510640 Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Innovation Center of Printed Photovoltaics, South China Institute of Collaborative Innovation, 523808 Dongguan, P.R. China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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87
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Qin TX, You EM, Zhang MX, Zheng P, Huang XF, Ding SY, Mao BW, Tian ZQ. Quantification of electron accumulation at grain boundaries in perovskite polycrystalline films by correlative infrared-spectroscopic nanoimaging and Kelvin probe force microscopy. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2021; 10:84. [PMID: 33859164 PMCID: PMC8050298 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-021-00524-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic halide perovskites are emerging materials for photovoltaic applications with certified power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) over 25%. Generally, the microstructures of the perovskite materials are critical to the performances of PCEs. However, the role of the nanometer-sized grain boundaries (GBs) that universally existing in polycrystalline perovskite films could be benign or detrimental to solar cell performance, still remains controversial. Thus, nanometer-resolved quantification of charge carrier distribution to elucidate the role of GBs is highly desirable. Here, we employ correlative infrared-spectroscopic nanoimaging by the scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy with 20 nm spatial resolution and Kelvin probe force microscopy to quantify the density of electrons accumulated at the GBs in perovskite polycrystalline thin films. It is found that the electron accumulations are enhanced at the GBs and the electron density is increased from 6 × 1019 cm-3 in the dark to 8 × 1019 cm-3 under 10 min illumination with 532 nm light. Our results reveal that the electron accumulations are enhanced at the GBs especially under light illumination, featuring downward band bending toward the GBs, which would assist in electron-hole separation and thus be benign to the solar cell performance. Correlative infrared-spectroscopic nanoimaging by the scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy quantitatively reveal the accumulated electrons at GBs in perovskite polycrystalline thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Xiao Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - En-Ming You
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Mao-Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Peng Zheng
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Song-Yuan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Bing-Wei Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Zhong-Qun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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88
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Wu Y, Wang D, Liu J, Cai H. Review of Interface Passivation of Perovskite Layer. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:775. [PMID: 33803757 PMCID: PMC8003181 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are the most promising substitute for silicon-based solar cells. However, their power conversion efficiency and stability must be improved. The recombination probability of the photogenerated carriers at each interface in a PSC is much greater than that of the bulk phase. The interface of a perovskite polycrystalline film is considered to be a defect-rich area, which is the main factor limiting the efficiency of a PSC. This review introduces and summarizes practical interface engineering techniques for improving the efficiency and stability of organic-inorganic lead halide PSCs. First, the effect of defects at the interface of the PSCs, the energy level alignment, and the chemical reactions on the efficiency of a PSC are summarized. Subsequently, the latest developments pertaining to a modification of the perovskite layers with different materials are discussed. Finally, the prospect of achieving an efficient PSC with long-term stability through the use of interface engineering is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Houzhi Cai
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Y.W.); (D.W.); (J.L.)
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Chen C, Zheng S, Song H. Photon management to reduce energy loss in perovskite solar cells. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:7250-7329. [PMID: 33977928 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01488e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the rapid development of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) over the past few years, the conversion of solar energy into electricity is not efficient enough or cost-competitive yet. The principal energy loss in the conversion of solar energy to electricity fundamentally originates from the non-absorption of low-energy photons ascribed to Shockley-Queisser limits and thermalization losses of high-energy photons. Enhancing the light-harvesting efficiency of the perovskite photoactive layer by developing efficient photo management strategies with functional materials and arrays remains a long-standing challenge. Here, we briefly review the historical research trials and future research trends to overcome the fundamental loss mechanisms in PSCs, including upconversion, downconversion, scattering, tandem/graded structures, texturing, anti-reflection, and luminescent solar concentrators. We will deeply emphasize the availability and analyze the importance of a fine device structure, fluorescence efficiency, material proportion, and integration position for performance improvement. The unique energy level structure arising from the 4fn inner shell configuration of the trivalent rare-earth ions gives multifarious options for efficient light-harvesting by upconversion and downconversion. Tandem or graded PSCs by combining a series of subcells with varying bandgaps seek to rectify the spectral mismatch. Plasmonic nanostructures function as a secondary light source to augment the light-trapping within the perovskite layer and carrier transporting layer, enabling enhanced carrier generation. Texturing the interior using controllable micro/nanoarrays can realize light-matter interactions. Anti-reflective coatings on the top glass cover of the PSCs bring about better transmission and glare reduction. Photon concentration through perovskite-based luminescent solar concentrators offers a path to increase efficiency at reduced cost and plays a role in building-integrated photovoltaics. Distinct from other published reviews, we here systematically and hierarchically present all of the photon management strategies in PSCs by presenting the theoretical possibilities and summarizing the experimental results, expecting to inspire future research in the field of photovoltaics, phototransistors, photoelectrochemical sensors, photocatalysis, and especially light-emitting diodes. We further assess the overall possibilities of the strategies based on ultimate efficiency prospects, material requirements, and developmental outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- School of Material Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Dingzigu Road 1, Tianjin 300130, People's Republic of China. and State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shijian Zheng
- School of Material Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Dingzigu Road 1, Tianjin 300130, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongwei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China.
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