51
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Formate Dehydrogenase Mimics as Catalysts for Carbon Dioxide Reduction. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185989. [PMID: 36144724 PMCID: PMC9506188 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Formate dehydrogenases (FDH) reversibly catalyze the interconversion of CO2 to formate. They belong to the family of molybdenum and tungsten-dependent oxidoreductases. For several decades, scientists have been synthesizing structural and functional model complexes inspired by these enzymes. These studies not only allow for finding certain efficient catalysts but also in some cases to better understand the functioning of the enzymes. However, FDH models for catalytic CO2 reduction are less studied compared to the oxygen atom transfer (OAT) reaction. Herein, we present recent results of structural and functional models of FDH.
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52
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Parui A, Srivastava P, Singh AK. Selective Reduction of CO 2 on Ti 2C(OH) 2 MXene through Spontaneous Crossing of Transition States. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:40913-40920. [PMID: 36041219 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Direct reduction of gas-phase CO2 to renewable fuels and chemical feedstock without any external energy source or rare-metal catalyst is one of the foremost challenges. Here, using density functional theory and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations, we predict Ti2C(OH)2 MXene as an efficient electron-coupled proton donor exhibiting simultaneously high reactivity and selectivity for CO2 reduction reaction (CRR) by yielding valuable chemicals, formate, and formic acid. This is caused by CO2 spontaneously crossing the activation barrier involved in the formation of multiple intermediates. Metallic Ti2C(OH)2 contains easily donatable protons on the surface and high-energy electrons near the Fermi level that leads to its high reactivity. High selectivity arises from low activation barrier for CRR as predicted by proposed mechanistic interpretations. Furthermore, H vacancies generated during the product formation can be replenished by exposure to moisture, ensuring the uninterrupted formation of the products. Our study provides a single-step solution for CRR to valuable chemicals without necessitating the expensive electrochemical or low-efficiency photochemical cells and hence is of immense interest for recycling the carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arko Parui
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Pooja Srivastava
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226010, India
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53
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Narouz MR, De La Torre P, An L, Chang CJ. Multifunctional Charge and Hydrogen-Bond Effects of Second-Sphere Imidazolium Pendants Promote Capture and Electrochemical Reduction of CO 2 in Water Catalyzed by Iron Porphyrins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207666. [PMID: 35878059 PMCID: PMC9452489 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Microenvironments tailored by multifunctional secondary coordination sphere groups can enhance catalytic performance at primary metal active sites in natural systems. Here, we capture this biological concept in synthetic systems by developing a family of iron porphyrins decorated with imidazolium (im) pendants for the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR), which promotes multiple synergistic effects to enhance CO2 RR and enables the disentangling of second-sphere contributions that stem from each type of interaction. Fe-ortho-im(H), which poises imidazolium units featuring both positive charge and hydrogen-bond capabilities proximal to the active iron center, increases CO2 binding affinity by 25-fold and CO2 RR activity by 2000-fold relative to the parent Fe tetraphenylporphyrin (Fe-TPP). Comparison with monofunctional analogs reveals that through-space charge effects have a greater impact on catalytic CO2 RR performance compared to hydrogen bonding in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina R Narouz
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
| | - Patricia De La Torre
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
| | - Lun An
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
| | - Christopher J Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA
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54
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Molecular Engineering of Metal Complexes for Electrocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction: From Adjustment of Intrinsic Activity to Molecular Immobilization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205301. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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55
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Pd, Ni, Fe and Cu complexes containing a novel SNS-pincer ligand bearing pyridine: Synthesis and catalytic application to form cyclic carbonates. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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56
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Guo K, Li X, Lei H, Guo H, Jin X, Zhang X, Zhang W, Apfel U, Cao R. Role‐Specialized Division of Labor in CO
2
Reduction with Doubly‐Functionalized Iron Porphyrin Atropisomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209602. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Guo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Xialiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Haitao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Hongbo Guo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Xiaotong Jin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Xue‐Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Ulf‐Peter Apfel
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie Anorganische Chemie I Universitätsstrasse 150 44801 Bochum Germany
- Fraunhofer UMSICHT Osterfelder Strasse 3 46047 Oberhausen Germany
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
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57
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Holzhauer L, Liagre C, Fuhr O, Jung N, Bräse S. Scope of tetrazolo[1,5- a]quinoxalines in CuAAC reactions for the synthesis of triazoloquinoxalines, imidazoloquinoxalines, and rhenium complexes thereof. Beilstein J Org Chem 2022; 18:1088-1099. [PMID: 36105720 PMCID: PMC9443424 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.18.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The conversion of tetrazolo[1,5-a]quinoxalines to 1,2,3-triazoloquinoxalines and triazoloimidazoquinoxalines under typical conditions of a CuAAC reaction has been investigated. Derivatives of the novel compound class of triazoloimidazoquinoxalines (TIQ) and rhenium(I) triazoloquinoxaline complexes as well as a new TIQ rhenium complex were synthesized. As a result, a small 1,2,3-triazoloquinoxaline library was obtained and the method could be expanded towards 4-substituted tetrazoloquinoxalines. The compatibility of various aliphatic and aromatic alkynes towards the reaction was investigated and the denitrogenative annulation towards imidazoloquinoxalines could be observed as a competing reaction depending on the alkyne concentration and the substitutions at the quinoxaline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Holzhauer
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Chloé Liagre
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Olaf Fuhr
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Nicole Jung
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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58
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59
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Sahoo PR, Kathuria I, Kumar S. The structural arrangement of the ligand-metal complex with centered zinc and nickel atoms and their optical features. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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60
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Wang Y, Tang S, Yang G, Wang S, Ma D, Qiu Y. Electrocarboxylation of Aryl Epoxides with CO2 for the Facile and Selective Synthesis of β‐Hydroxy Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Wang
- Nankai University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | | | | | - Siyi Wang
- Nankai University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Dengke Ma
- Nankai University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Youai Qiu
- Nankai University College of Chemistry 94 Weijin Road 300071 Tianjin CHINA
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61
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Zhang Q, Yang C, Guan A, Kan M, Zheng G. Photocatalytic CO 2 conversion: from C1 products to multi-carbon oxygenates. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:10268-10285. [PMID: 35801565 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02588d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic CO2 conversion into high-value chemicals has been emerging as an attractive research direction in achieving carbon resource sustainability. The chemical products can be categorized into C1 and multi-carbon (C2+) products. In this review, we describe the recent research progress in photocatalytic CO2 conversion systems from C1 products to multi-carbon oxygenates, and analyze the reasons related to their catalytic mechanisms, as the production of multi-carbon oxygenates is generally more difficult than that of C1 products. Then we discuss several examples in promoting the photoconversion of CO2 to value-added multi-carbon products in the aspects of photocatalyst design, mass transfer control, determination of active sites, and intermediate regulation. Finally, we summarize perspectives on the challenges and propose potential directions in this fast-developing field, such as the prospect of CO2 transformation to long-chain hydrocarbons like salicylic acid or even plastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Faculty of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Chao Yang
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Faculty of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Anxiang Guan
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Faculty of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Miao Kan
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Faculty of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Gengfeng Zheng
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Faculty of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
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62
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Narouz MR, De La Torre P, An L, Chang CJ. Multifunctional Charge and Hydrogen‐Bond Effects of Second‐Sphere Imidazolium Pendants Promote Capture and Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 in Water Catalyzed by Iron Porphyrins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mina R. Narouz
- UC Berkeley: University of California Berkeley Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | | | - Lun An
- UC Berkeley: University of California Berkeley Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Christopher J. Chang
- University of California Department of Chemistry 532A Latimer Hall 94720-1460 Berkeley UNITED STATES
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63
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Yang ZW, Chen JM, Qiu LQ, Xie WJ, He LN. Molecular Engineering of Metal Complexes for Electrocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction: From Adjustment of Intrinsic Activity to Molecular Immobilization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wen Yang
- Nankai University College of Chemistry Inst. Elemento-Org. Chem. CHINA
| | - Jin-Mei Chen
- Nankai University College of Chemistry Inst. Elemento-Org. Chem. CHINA
| | - Li-Qi Qiu
- Nankai University College of Chemistry Inst. Elemento-Org. Chem. CHINA
| | - Wen-Jun Xie
- Nankai University College of Chemistry Inst. Elemento-Org. Chem. CHINA
| | - Liang-Nian He
- Nankai University College of Chemistry Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Weijin Rd. 94 300071 Tianjin CHINA
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64
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Zhang K, Ren BH, Liu XF, Wang LL, Zhang M, Ren WM, Lu XB, Zhang WZ. Direct and Selective Electrocarboxylation of Styrene Oxides with CO2 for Accessing β‐Hydroxy Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Dalian University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals CHINA
| | - Bai-Hao Ren
- Dalian University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals CHINA
| | - Xiao-Fei Liu
- Dalian University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals CHINA
| | - Lin-Lin Wang
- Dalian University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals CHINA
| | - Min Zhang
- Dalian University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals CHINA
| | - Wei-Min Ren
- Dalian University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals CHINA
| | - Xiao-Bing Lu
- Dalian University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals CHINA
| | - Wen-Zhen Zhang
- Dalian University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals E-330 West Campus, No.2 Linggong Road, High-Tech Zone 116024 Dalian CHINA
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65
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Zhang K, Ren BH, Liu XF, Wang LL, Zhang M, Ren WM, Lu XB, Zhang WZ. Direct and Selective Electrocarboxylation of Styrene Oxides with CO2 for Accessing β-Hydroxy Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207660. [PMID: 35862121 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Highly selective and direct electroreductive ring-opening carboxylation of epoxides with CO2 in an undivided cell is reported. This reaction shows broad substrate scopes within styrene oxides under mild conditions, providing practical and scalable access to important synthetic intermediate β-hydroxy acids. Mechanistic studies show that CO2 functions not only as a carboxylative reagent in this reaction but also as a promoter to enable efficient and chemoselective transformation of epoxides under additive-free electrochemical conditions. Cathodically generated α-radical and α-carbanion intermediates lead to the regioselective formation of α-carboxylation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Dalian University of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, CHINA
| | - Bai-Hao Ren
- Dalian University of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, CHINA
| | - Xiao-Fei Liu
- Dalian University of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, CHINA
| | - Lin-Lin Wang
- Dalian University of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, CHINA
| | - Min Zhang
- Dalian University of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, CHINA
| | - Wei-Min Ren
- Dalian University of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, CHINA
| | - Xiao-Bing Lu
- Dalian University of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, CHINA
| | - Wen-Zhen Zhang
- Dalian University of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, E-330 West Campus, No.2 Linggong Road, High-Tech Zone, 116024, Dalian, CHINA
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66
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Insights into the Capture of CO2 by Nickel Hydride Complexes. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12070790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As a desired feedstock for sustainable energy source and for chemical synthesis, the capture and utilization of CO2 have attracted chemists’ continuous efforts. The homogeneous CO2 insertion into a nickel hydride complex to generate formate provides insight into the role of hydrogen as an active hydride form in the hydrogenation of CO2, which serves as a practicable approach for CO2 utilization. To parameterize the activities and to model the structure–activity relationship in the CO2 insertion into nickel hydride, the comprehensive mechanism of CO2 insertion into a series of square planar transition metal hydride (TM–H, TM = Ni, Pd, and Co) complexes was investigated using density functional theory (DFT) computations. The stepwise pathway with the TM-(H)-formate intermediate for the CO2 insertion into all seven square planar transition metal hydride (TM–H) complexes was observed. The overall rate-determining step (RDS) was the nucleophilic attraction of the terminal O atom on the Ni center in Ni-(H)-formate to form Ni-(O)-(exo)formate. The charge of the Ni atom in the axially vacant [Ni]+ complex was demonstrated as the dominant factor in CO2 insertion, which had an excellent linear correction (R2 = 0.967) with the Gibbs barrier (ΔG‡) of the RDS. The parameterized activities and modeled structure–activity relationship provided here light the way to the design of a more efficient Ni–H complex in the capture and utilization of CO2.
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67
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Kumar A, Bhardwaj R, Mandal SK, Choudhury J. Transfer Hydrogenation of CO 2 and CO 2 Derivatives using Alcohols as Hydride Sources: Boosting an H 2-Free Alternative Strategy. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kumar
- Organometallics & Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462 066, India
| | - Ritu Bhardwaj
- Organometallics & Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462 066, India
| | - Sanajit Kumar Mandal
- Organometallics & Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462 066, India
| | - Joyanta Choudhury
- Organometallics & Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462 066, India
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68
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Guo K, Li X, Lei H, Guo H, Jin X, Zhang XP, Zhang W, Apfel UP, Cao R. Role‐Specialized Division of Labor in CO2 Reduction with Doubly‐Functionalized Iron Porphyrin Atropisomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202209602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Guo
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xialiang Li
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Haitao Lei
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Hongbo Guo
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xiaotong Jin
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xue-Peng Zhang
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Ulf-Peter Apfel
- Ruhr-Universitat Bochum Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie GERMANY
| | - Rui Cao
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal UniversityChang'an CampusNumber 620 West Chang'an AvenueChang'an District 710119 Xi'an CHINA
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69
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Zhai G, Liu Q, Ji J, Wu Y, Geng J, Hu X. Recyclable polymerized Lewis acid poly-BPh(C6F5)2 catalyzed selective N-formylation and N-methylation of amines with carbon dioxide and phenylsilanes. J CO2 UTIL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.102052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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70
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Kaeffer N, Leitner W. Electrocatalysis with Molecular Transition-Metal Complexes for Reductive Organic Synthesis. JACS AU 2022; 2:1266-1289. [PMID: 35783173 PMCID: PMC9241009 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalysis enables the formation or cleavage of chemical bonds by a genuine use of electrons or holes from an electrical energy input. As such, electrocatalysis offers resource-economical alternative pathways that bypass sacrificial, waste-generating reagents often required in classical thermal redox reactions. In this Perspective, we showcase the exploitation of molecular electrocatalysts for electrosynthesis, in particular for reductive conversion of organic substrates. Selected case studies illustrate that efficient molecular electrocatalysts not only are appropriate redox shuttles but also embrace the features of organometallic catalysis to facilitate and control chemical steps. From these examples, guidelines are proposed for the design of molecular electrocatalysts suited to the reduction of organic substrates. We finally expose opportunities brought by catalyzed electrosynthesis to functionalize organic backbones, namely using sustainable building blocks.
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71
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Derrick JS, Loipersberger M, Nistanaki SK, Rothweiler AV, Head-Gordon M, Nichols EM, Chang CJ. Templating Bicarbonate in the Second Coordination Sphere Enhances Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction Catalyzed by Iron Porphyrins. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11656-11663. [PMID: 35749266 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Bicarbonate-based electrolytes are ubiquitous in aqueous electrochemical CO2 reduction, particularly in heterogenous catalysis, where they demonstrate improved catalytic performance relative to other buffers. In contrast, the presence of bicarbonate in organic electrolytes and its roles in homogeneous electrocatalysis remain underexplored. Here, we investigate the influence of bicarbonate on iron porphyrin-catalyzed electrochemical CO2 reduction. We show that bicarbonate is a viable proton donor in organic electrolyte (pKa = 20.8 in dimethyl sulfoxide) and that urea pendants in the second coordination sphere can be used to template bicarbonate in the vicinity of a molecular iron porphyrin catalyst. The templated binding of bicarbonate increases its acidity, resulting in a 1500-fold enhancement in catalytic rates relative to unmodified parent iron porphyrin. This work emphasizes the importance of bicarbonate speciation in wet organic electrolytes and establishes second-sphere bicarbonate templating as a design strategy to harness this adventitious acid and enhance CO2 reduction catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Derrick
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Matthias Loipersberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sepand K Nistanaki
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Aila V Rothweiler
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Martin Head-Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Eva M Nichols
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Christopher J Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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72
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Lei K, Yu Xia B. Electrocatalytic CO
2
Reduction: from Discrete Molecular Catalysts to Their Integrated Catalytic Materials. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200141. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lei
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education) Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
| | - Bao Yu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education) Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
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73
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Tuning the Electronic Properties of Homoleptic Silver(I) bis-BIAN Complexes towards Efficient Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12050545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We report herein the preparation and characterization of six readily assembled bis-coordinated homoleptic silver(I) N,N′-bis(arylimino)acenaphthene (BIAN) complexes of general structure [Ag(I)(BIAN)2]BF4 and the influence of the electronic properties of the ligand substitution pattern on their performance in electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2R). All the explored catalysts displayed substantial current enhancements in carbon-dioxide-saturated solvents dependent on the ligated BIAN and no significant concurrent H2 evolution when utilizing 2% H2O as a proton source. Additionally, preliminary studies, employing a drop-casted ink of 0.4 mg cm−2 [Ag(I)(4-OMe-BIAN)2]BF4 (Ag4) immobilized onto carbon paper gas diffusion electrodes in a flow cell with 1M KHCO3 aqueous electrolyte, resulted in a propitious Faradaic efficiency of 51% for CO at a current density of 50 mA cm−2.
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74
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Liang H, Beweries T, Francke R, Beller M. Molecular Catalysts for the Reductive Homocoupling of CO
2
towards C
2+
Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200723. [PMID: 35187799 PMCID: PMC9311439 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The conversion of CO2 into multicarbon (C2+) compounds by reductive homocoupling offers the possibility to transform renewable energy into chemical energy carriers and thereby create “carbon‐neutral” fuels or other valuable products. Most available studies have employed heterogeneous metallic catalysts, but the use of molecular catalysts is still underexplored. However, several studies have already demonstrated the great potential of the molecular approach, namely, the possibility to gain a deep mechanistic understanding and a more precise control of the product selectivity. This Minireview summarizes recent progress in both the thermo‐ and electrochemical reductive homocoupling of CO2 toward C2+ products mediated by molecular catalysts. In addition, reductive CO homocoupling is discussed as a model for the further conversion of intermediates obtained from CO2 reduction, which may serve as a source of inspiration for developing novel molecular catalysts in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong‐Qing Liang
- Leibniz-Institute for Catalysis Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Torsten Beweries
- Leibniz-Institute for Catalysis Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Robert Francke
- Leibniz-Institute for Catalysis Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institute for Catalysis Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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75
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Loipersberger M, Derrick JS, Chang CJ, Head-Gordon M. Deciphering Distinct Overpotential-Dependent Pathways for Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction Catalyzed by an Iron-Terpyridine Complex. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:6919-6933. [PMID: 35452213 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
[Fe(tpyPY2Me)]2+ ([Fe]2+) is a homogeneous electrocatalyst for converting CO2 into CO featuring low overpotentials of <100 mV, near-unity selectivity, and high activity with turnover frequencies faster than 100 000 s-1. To identify the origins of its exceptional performance and inform future catalyst design, we report a combined computational and experimental study that establishes two distinct mechanistic pathways for electrochemical CO2 reduction catalyzed by [Fe]2+ as a function of applied overpotential. Electrochemical data shows the formation of two catalytic regimes at low (ηTOF/2 of 160 mV) and high (ηTOF/2 of 590 mV) overpotential plateaus. We propose that at low overpotentials [Fe]2+ undergoes a two-electron reduction, two-proton-transfer mechanism (electrochemical-electrochemical-chemical-chemical, EECC), where turnover occurs through the dicationic iron complex, [Fe]2+. Computational analysis supports the importance of the singlet ground-state electronic structure for CO2 binding and that the rate-limiting step is the second protonation in this low-overpotential regime. When more negative potentials are applied, an additional electron-transfer event occurs through either a stepwise or proton-coupled electron-transfer (PCET) pathway, enabling catalytic turnover from the monocationic iron complex ([Fe]+) via an electrochemical-chemical-electrochemical-chemical (ECEC) mechanism. Comparison of experimental kinetic data obtained from variable controlled potential electrolysis (CPE) experiments with direct product detection with calculated rates obtained from the energetic span model supports the PCET pathway as the most likely mechanism. Moreover, we build upon this mechanistic understanding to propose the design of an improved ligand framework that is predicted to stabilize the key transition states identified in our study and explore their electronic structures using an energy decomposition analysis. Taken together, this work highlights the value of synergistic computational/experimental approaches to decipher mechanisms of new electrocatalysts and direct the rational design of improved platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Loipersberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jeffrey S Derrick
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Christopher J Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Martin Head-Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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76
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DFT Calculations of 31P NMR Chemical Shifts in Palladium Complexes. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27092668. [PMID: 35566018 PMCID: PMC9105066 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, comparative analysis of calculated (GIAO method, DFT level) and experimental 31P NMR shifts for a wide range of model palladium complexes showed that, on the whole, the theory reproduces the experimental data well. The exceptions are the complexes with the P=O phosphorus, for which there is a systematic underestimation of shielding, the value of which depends on the flexibility of the basis sets, especially at the geometry optimization stage. The use of triple-ζ quality basis sets and additional polarization functions at this stage reduces the underestimation of shielding for such phosphorus atoms. To summarize, in practice, for the rapid assessment of 31P NMR shifts, with the exception of the P=O type, a simple PBE0/{6-311G(2d,2p); Pd(SDD)}//PBE0/{6-31+G(d); Pd(SDD)} approximation is quite acceptable (RMSE = 8.9 ppm). Optimal, from the point of view of “price–quality” ratio, is the PBE0/{6-311G(2d,2p); Pd(SDD)}//PBE0/{6-311+G(2d); Pd(SDD)} (RMSE = 8.0 ppm) and the PBE0/{def2-TZVP; Pd(SDD)}//PBE0/{6-311+G(2d); Pd(SDD)} (RMSE = 6.9 ppm) approaches. In all cases, a linear scaling procedure is necessary to minimize systematic errors.
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77
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Yamazaki Y, Miyaji M, Ishitani O. Utilization of Low-Concentration CO 2 with Molecular Catalysts Assisted by CO 2-Capturing Ability of Catalysts, Additives, or Reaction Media. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:6640-6660. [PMID: 35404601 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Increasing concentration of atmospheric CO2 is a worldwide concern and continues to trigger various environmental problems. Photo- or electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (CO2-Red) using solar energy, i.e., artificial photosynthesis, is a prospective technique owing to its sustainability and the usefulness of the reaction products. Concentrations of CO2 in exhaust gases from industries are several % to 20%, and that in the atmosphere is about 400 ppm. Although condensation processes of CO2 require high energy consumption and cost, pure CO2 has been used in most of the reported studies for photo- and electrocatalytic CO2-Red because the reaction between CO2 and the catalyst could be one of the rate-limiting steps. To address these issues and provide a repository of potential techniques for other researchers, this perspective summarizes the catalytic systems reported for the reduction of low-concentration CO2, which utilize a combination of catalytic CO2-Red and CO2-capturing reactions (or CO2 adsorption). First, we describe CO2 insertions into M-X bonds of the catalysts, which increase the rate constants and/or equilibrium constants for CO2 binding on the catalysts, and modifications of the second coordination sphere to stabilize the CO2-bound catalysts. Furthermore, we discuss the reaction media used for catalytic CO2-Red that have the unique effect of increasing CO2 concentrations around the catalysts. These reaction media include typical CO2-capturing additives, ionic liquids, and metal-organic frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuomi Yamazaki
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, 3-3-1 Kichijoji-Kitamachi, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8633, Japan
| | - Masahiko Miyaji
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 NE-1, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 NE-1, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
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78
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Siritanaratkul B, Eagle C, Cowan AJ. Manganese Carbonyl Complexes as Selective Electrocatalysts for CO 2 Reduction in Water and Organic Solvents. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:955-965. [PMID: 35285618 PMCID: PMC9007415 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The electrochemical
reduction
of CO2 provides a way
to sustainably generate carbon-based fuels and feedstocks. Molecular
CO2 reduction electrocatalysts provide tunable reaction
centers offering an approach to control the selectivity of catalysis.
Manganese carbonyl complexes, based on [Mn(bpy)(CO)3Br]
and its derivatives (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine), are particularly
interesting due to their ease of synthesis and the use of a first-row
earth-abundant transition metal. [Mn(bpy)(CO)3Br] was first
shown to be an active and selective catalyst for reducing CO2 to CO in organic solvents in 2011. Since then, manganese carbonyl
catalysts have been widely studied with numerous reports of their
use as electrocatalysts and photocatalysts and studies of their mechanism. This class of Mn catalysts only shows CO2 reduction
activity with the addition of weak Brønsted acids. Perhaps surprisingly,
early reports showed increased turnover frequencies as the acid strength
is increased without a loss in selectivity toward CO evolution. It
may have been expected that the competing hydrogen evolution
reaction could have led to lower selectivity. Inspired by these works
we began to explore if the catalyst would work in protic solvents,
namely, water, and to explore the pH range over which it can operate.
Here we describe the early studies from our laboratory that first
demonstrated the use of manganese carbonyl complexes in water and
then go on to discuss wider developments on the use of these catalysts
in water, highlighting their potential as catalysts for use in aqueous
CO2 electrolyzers. Key to the excellent selectivity
of these catalysts in the presence
of Brønsted acids is a proton-assisted CO2 binding
mechanism, where for the acids widely studied, lower pKa values actually favor CO2 binding over Mn–H
formation, a precursor to H2 evolution. Here we discuss
the wider literature before focusing on our own contributions in validating
this previously proposed mechanism through the use of vibrational
sum frequency generation (VSFG) spectroelectrochemistry. This allowed
us to study [Mn(bpy)(CO)3Br] while it is at, or near, the
electrode surface, which provided a way to identify new catalytic
intermediates and also confirm that proton-assisted CO2 binding operates in both the “dimer” and primary (via
[Mn(bpy)(CO)3]−) pathways. Understanding
the mechanism of how these highly selective catalysts operate is important
as we propose that the Mn complexes will be valuable models to guide
the development of new proton/acid tolerant CO2 reduction
catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavin Siritanaratkul
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy and the Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZF, U.K
| | - Catherine Eagle
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy and the Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZF, U.K
| | - Alexander J. Cowan
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy and the Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZF, U.K
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79
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Wu CYL, Ngeow AJH, Chng CL, Yap FKP, Chan DKL. Interpreting thyroid function tests in babies of mothers with thyroid disease. Singapore Med J 2022; 63:225-227. [DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2022056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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80
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Pugliese E, Gotico P, Wehrung I, Boitrel B, Quaranta A, Ha-Thi MH, Pino T, Sircoglou M, Leibl W, Halime Z, Aukauloo A. Dissection of Light-Induced Charge Accumulation at a Highly Active Iron Porphyrin: Insights in the Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117530. [PMID: 35080122 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Iron porphyrins are among the best molecular catalysts for the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction. Powering these catalysts with the help of photosensitizers comes along with a couple of unsolved challenges that need to be addressed with much vigor. We have designed an iron porphyrin catalyst decorated with urea functions (UrFe) acting as a multipoint hydrogen bonding scaffold towards the CO2 substrate. We found a spectacular photocatalytic activity reaching unreported TONs and TOFs as high as 7270 and 3720 h-1 , respectively. While the Fe0 redox state has been widely accepted as the catalytically active species, we show here that the FeI species is already involved in the CO2 activation, which represents the rate-determining step in the photocatalytic cycle. The urea functions help to dock the CO2 upon photocatalysis. DFT calculations bring support to our experimental findings that constitute a new paradigm in the catalytic reduction of CO2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pugliese
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Philipp Gotico
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Iris Wehrung
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Bernard Boitrel
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université Rennes 1, 35042, Rennes, France
| | - Annamaria Quaranta
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Minh-Huong Ha-Thi
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Thomas Pino
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Marie Sircoglou
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Winfried Leibl
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Zakaria Halime
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Ally Aukauloo
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France.,Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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81
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Liang H, Beweries T, Francke R, Beller M. Molecular Catalysts for the Reductive Homocoupling of CO
2
towards C
2+
Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202200723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong‐Qing Liang
- Leibniz-Institute for Catalysis Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Torsten Beweries
- Leibniz-Institute for Catalysis Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Robert Francke
- Leibniz-Institute for Catalysis Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institute for Catalysis Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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82
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Ilic S, Gesiorski JL, Weerasooriya RB, Glusac KD. Biomimetic Metal-Free Hydride Donor Catalysts for CO 2 Reduction. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:844-856. [PMID: 35201767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic reduction of carbon dioxide to fuels and value-added chemicals is of significance for the development of carbon recycling technologies. One of the main challenges associated with catalytic CO2 reduction is product selectivity: the formation of carbon monoxide, molecular hydrogen, formate, methanol, and other products occurs with similar thermodynamic driving forces, making it difficult to selectively reduce CO2 to the target product. Significant scientific effort has been aimed at the development of catalysts that can suppress the undesired hydrogen evolution reaction and direct the reaction toward the selective formation of the desired products, which are easy to handle and store. Inspired by natural photosynthesis, where the CO2 reduction is achieved using NADPH cofactors in the Calvin cycle, we explore biomimetic metal-free hydride donors as catalysts for the selective reduction of CO2 to formate. Here, we outline our recent findings on the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters that control the hydride transfer from metal-free hydrides to CO2. By experimentally measuring and theoretically calculating the thermodynamic hydricities of a range of metal-free hydride donors, we derive structural and electronic factors that affect their hydride-donating abilities. Two dominant factors that contribute to the stronger hydride donors are identified to be (i) the stabilization of the positive charge formed upon HT via aromatization or by the presence of electron-donating groups and (ii) the destabilization of hydride donors through the anomeric effect or in the presence of significant structural constrains in the hydride molecule. Hydride donors with appropriate thermodynamic hydricities were reacted with CO2, and the formation of the formate ion (the first reduction step in CO2 reduction to methanol) was confirmed experimentally, providing an important proof of principle that organocatalytic CO2 reduction is feasible. The kinetics of hydride transfer to CO2 were found to be slow, and the sluggish kinetics were assigned in part to the large self-exchange reorganization energy associated with the organic hydrides in the DMSO solvent. Finally, we outline our approaches to the closure of the catalytic cycle via the electrochemical and photochemical regeneration of the hydride (R-H) from the conjugate hydride acceptors (R+). We illustrate how proton-coupled electron transfer can be efficiently utilized not only to lower the electrochemical potential at which the hydride regeneration takes place but also to suppress the unwanted dimerization that neutral radical intermediates tend to undergo. Overall, this account provides a summary of important milestones achieved in organocatalytic CO2 reduction and provides insights into the future research directions needed for the discovery of inexpensive catalysts for carbon recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Ilic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Jonathan L. Gesiorski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Ravindra B. Weerasooriya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Ksenija D. Glusac
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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83
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Hoffmann M, Hermesmann M, Leven M, Leitner W, Müller TE. Semi-Crystalline Polyoxymethylene- co-Polyoxyalkylene Multi-Block Telechels as Building Blocks for Polyurethane Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:882. [PMID: 35267705 PMCID: PMC8912848 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxy-terminated polyoxymethylene-co-polyoxyalkylene multi-block telechels were obtained by a new methodology that allows for the formal substituting of ether units in polyether polyols with oxymethylene moieties. An interesting feature is that, unlike carbonate groups in polycarbonate and polyethercarbonate polyols, homopolymer blocks of polyoxymethylene moieties can be formed. The regular nature of polyoxymethylene blocks imparts a certain crystallinity to the polymer that can give rise to new properties of polyurethanes derived from such telechels. The synthesis, reaction sequence and kinetics of the formation of oligomeric hydroxy-terminated multi-block telechel polyoxymethylene moieties are discussed in this paper and the preparation of a polyurethane material is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hoffmann
- CAT Catalytic Center, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.H.); (M.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Matthias Hermesmann
- Carbon Sources and Conversion, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany;
| | - Matthias Leven
- CAT Catalytic Center, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.H.); (M.L.); (W.L.)
- Covestro Deutschland AG, COV-CCO-PUR-R&D-EMEA-DRDII, B108, 51365 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Walter Leitner
- CAT Catalytic Center, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.H.); (M.L.); (W.L.)
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34–36, 45470 Mulheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Thomas Ernst Müller
- CAT Catalytic Center, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.H.); (M.L.); (W.L.)
- Carbon Sources and Conversion, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany;
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84
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Pugliese E, Gotico P, Wehrung I, Boitrel B, Quaranta A, Ha‐Thi M, Pino T, Sircoglou M, Leibl W, Halime Z, Aukauloo A. Dissection of Light‐Induced Charge Accumulation at a Highly Active Iron Porphyrin: Insights in the Photocatalytic CO
2
Reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pugliese
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay 91405 Orsay France
| | - Philipp Gotico
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO) 91405 Orsay France
| | - Iris Wehrung
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay 91405 Orsay France
| | - Bernard Boitrel
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR) Université Rennes 1 35042 Rennes France
| | - Annamaria Quaranta
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS Université Paris-Saclay 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Minh‐Huong Ha‐Thi
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO) 91405 Orsay France
| | - Thomas Pino
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO) 91405 Orsay France
| | - Marie Sircoglou
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay 91405 Orsay France
| | - Winfried Leibl
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS Université Paris-Saclay 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Zakaria Halime
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay 91405 Orsay France
| | - Ally Aukauloo
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay 91405 Orsay France
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS Université Paris-Saclay 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
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85
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Domingo-Tafalla B, Martínez-Ferrero E, Franco F, Palomares-Gil E. Applications of Carbon Dots for the Photocatalytic and Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO 2. Molecules 2022; 27:1081. [PMID: 35164346 PMCID: PMC8840083 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The photocatalytic and electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 has the potential to provide valuable products, such as chemicals or fuels of interest, at low cost while maintaining a circular carbon cycle. In this context, carbon dots possess optical and electrochemical properties that make them suitable candidates to participate in the reaction, either as a single component or forming part of more elaborate catalytic systems. In this review, we describe several strategies where the carbon dots participate, both with amorphous and graphitic structures, in the photocatalysis or electrochemical catalysis of CO2 to provide different carbon-containing products of interest. The role of the carbon dots is analyzed as a function of their redox and light absorption characteristics and their complementarity with other known catalytic systems. Moreover, detailed information about synthetic procedures is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriu Domingo-Tafalla
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (ICIQ-BIST), Avda. Països Catalans, 16, E-43007 Tarragona, Spain; (B.D.-T.); (E.M.-F.)
- Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans, 26, E-43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eugenia Martínez-Ferrero
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (ICIQ-BIST), Avda. Països Catalans, 16, E-43007 Tarragona, Spain; (B.D.-T.); (E.M.-F.)
| | - Federico Franco
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (ICIQ-BIST), Avda. Països Catalans, 16, E-43007 Tarragona, Spain; (B.D.-T.); (E.M.-F.)
| | - Emilio Palomares-Gil
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (ICIQ-BIST), Avda. Països Catalans, 16, E-43007 Tarragona, Spain; (B.D.-T.); (E.M.-F.)
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, E08010 Barcelona, Spain
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86
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Li X, Panetier JA. Mechanistic Study of Tungsten Bipyridyl Tetracarbonyl Electrocatalysts for CO 2 Fixation: Exploring the Roles of Explicit Proton Sources and Substituent Effects. Top Catal 2022; 65:325-340. [PMID: 37645456 PMCID: PMC10465121 DOI: 10.1007/s11244-021-01529-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Tungsten bipyridyl tetracarbonyl complexes were shown to reduce CO2 to CO in acetonitrile [Chem. Sci., 2014, 5, 1894-1900]. Here, we employ density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the electronic structure and reactivity of a series of tungsten electrocatalysts, [W(bpy-R)(CO)4] (where R = H, CH3, tBu, OCH3, CF3, and CN), for the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). Our proposed mechanism suggests that initial reduction of the starting material by two electrons is required to access the active catalyst upon CO dissociation, which is slightly endergonic, consistent with the slow product release observed experimentally. The doubly reduced species, which has a closed-shell singlet ground state, can bind CO2 via an η2-CO2 binding mode to yield the metallocarboxylate intermediate. Based on the energy span model, CO2 addition is the TOF-determining transition state (TDTS) in the presence of water as the proton source. Different substituents at the 4,4'-positions of the bipyridine ligand in [W(bpy-R)(CO)4] (R = H, CH3, tBu, OCH3, CF3, and CN) were considered to comprehend the substituent effects for CO2RR. DFT results show that electron-withdrawing substituents, such as CN and CF3, do not yield efficient CO2 reduction catalysts due to the necessity of forming high energy intermediates for the protonation steps, resulting in low TOFs and high overpotentials. Among electron-donating groups, the parent compound and tert-butyl substituted complex are the most active catalysts for CO2RR due to higher TOFs at low overpotentials. Overall, based on the energy span model and theoretical Tafel plots, our computational approach provides quantitative information for designing CO2 reduction electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Li
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Julien A. Panetier
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
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87
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Sun C, Hou Y, Lüdi N, Hu H, de Jesús Gálvez-Vázquez M, Liechti M, Kong Y, Liu M, Erni R, Rudnev AV, Broekmann P. Improving the lifetime of hybrid CoPc@MWCNT catalysts for selective electrochemical CO2-to-CO conversion. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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88
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Abstract
The electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) to generate fixed forms of carbons that have commercial value is a lucrative avenue to ameliorate the growing concerns about the detrimental effect of CO2 emissions as well as to generate carbon-based feed chemicals, which are generally obtained from the petrochemical industry. The area of electrochemical CO2RR has seen substantial activity in the past decade, and several good catalysts have been reported. While the focus was initially on the rate and overpotential of electrocatalysis, it is gradually shifting toward the more chemically challenging issue of selectivity. CO2 can be partially reduced to produce several C1 products like CO, HCOOH, CH3OH, etc. before its complete 8e-/8H+ reduction to CH4. In addition to that, the low-valent electron-rich metal centers deployed to activate CO2, a Lewis acid, are prone to reduce protons, which are a substrate for CO2RR, leading to competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Similarly, the low-valent metal is prone to oxidation by atmospheric O2 (i.e., it can catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction, ORR), necessitating strictly anaerobic conditions for CO2RR. Not only is the requirement of O2-free reaction conditions impractical, but it also leads to the release of partially reduced O2 species such as O2-, H2O2, etc., which are reactive and result in oxidative degradation of the catalyst.In this Account, mechanistic investigations of CO2RR by detecting and, often, chemically trapping and characterizing reaction intermediates are used to understand the factors that determine the selectivity in CO2RR. The spectroscopic data obtained from different intermediates have been identified in different CO2RR catalysts to develop an electronic structure selectivity relationship that is deemed to be important for deciding the selectivity of 2e-/2H+ CO2RR. The roles played by the spin state, hydrogen bonding, and heterogenization in determining the rate and selectivity of CO2RR (producing only CO, only HCOOH, or only CH4) are discussed using examples of both iron porphyrin and non-heme bioinspired artificial mimics. In addition, strategies are demonstrated where the competition between CO2RR and HER as well as CO2RR and ORR could be skewed overwhelmingly in favor of CO2RR in both cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramita Saha
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sk Amanullah
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Abhishek Dey
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
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89
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Friães S, Realista S, Mourão H, Royo B. N‐Heterocyclic and Mesoionic Carbenes of Manganese and Rhenium in Catalysis. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Beatriz Royo
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica ITQB NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier Av. da República 2780-157 Oeiras PORTUGAL
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90
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Duan G, Li X, Ding G, Han L, Xu B, Zhang S. Highly Efficient Electrocatalytic CO
2
Reduction to C
2+
Products on a Poly(ionic liquid)‐Based Cu
0
–Cu
I
Tandem Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guo‐Yi Duan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xiao‐Qiang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Guang‐Rong Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Li‐Jun Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Bao‐Hua Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Suo‐Jiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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91
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Hooe SL, Moreno JJ, Reid AG, Cook EN, Machan CW. Mediated Inner-Sphere Electron Transfer Induces Homogeneous Reduction of CO 2 via Through-Space Electronic Conjugation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202109645. [PMID: 34695281 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202109645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 is an appealing method for converting renewable energy sources into value-added chemical feedstocks. We report a co-electrocatalytic system for the reduction of CO2 to CO comprised of a molecular Cr complex and dibenzothiophene-5,5-dioxide (DBTD) as a redox mediator, which achieves high activity (TOF=1.51-2.84×105 s-1 ) and quantitative selectivity. Under aprotic or protic conditions, DBTD produces a co-electrocatalytic response with 1 by coordinating trans to the site of CO2 binding and mediating electron transfer from the electrode with quantitative efficiency for CO. This assembly is reliant on through-space electronic conjugation between the π frameworks of DBTD and the bpy fragment of the catalyst ligand, with contributions from dispersive interactions and weak sulfone coordination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby L Hooe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, VA, 22904-4319, USA
| | - Juan J Moreno
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, VA, 22904-4319, USA
| | - Amelia G Reid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, VA, 22904-4319, USA
| | - Emma N Cook
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, VA, 22904-4319, USA
| | - Charles W Machan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, VA, 22904-4319, USA
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92
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Banasz R, Kubicki M, Walesa-Chorab M. Investigation of electrochemistry and electrochromic performance of metallopolymer formed by electropolymerization of Fe(II) complex with triphenylamine-hydrazone ligand. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202100780. [PMID: 34978384 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The complex of Fe(II) ions of general formula [FeL2](BF4)2 with triphenylamine-hydrazone ligand L has been synthesized and characterized. Oxidative electropolymerization of the complex proceeded smoothly on the working electrode producing homogenous thin film of metallopolymer. The film thickness and morphology of the layer was investigated by microscopy techniques such as SEM and AFM, and the composition of the film was confirmed by XPS analysis. It was found that after fifty successive oxidation/reduction cycles the film of thickness 120 nm was formed on the electrode surface. The metallopolymer was also characterized using cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemical methods. The film was found to change its color from yellow to green-blue, high change in transmittance of 60% at 770 nm and good electrochemical stability during 375 cycles of switching of the potential between -0.1 V and +1.5 V, due to the presence of metal ions that link two ligand molecules resulting in formation of highly cross-linked film. The switching times (coloration and bleaching) were calculated to be 34.2 s and 7.3 s, respectively. Coloration efficiency of the formed film of polymeric complex was found to be 144 cm 2 /C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radosław Banasz
- Adam Mickiewicz University: Uniwersytet im Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Chemistry, POLAND
| | - Maciej Kubicki
- Adam Mickiewicz University: Uniwersytet im Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Chemistry, POLAND
| | - Monika Walesa-Chorab
- Uniwersytet im Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, chemistry, uniwersytetu poznanskiego 8, 61614, Poznan, POLAND
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93
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Hooe SL, Moreno JJ, Reid AG, Cook EN, Machan CW. Mediated Inner‐Sphere Electron Transfer Induces Homogeneous Reduction of CO
2
via Through‐Space Electronic Conjugation**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202109645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shelby L. Hooe
- Department of Chemistry University of Virginia McCormick Road, PO Box 400319 Charlottesville VA 22904-4319 USA
| | - Juan J. Moreno
- Department of Chemistry University of Virginia McCormick Road, PO Box 400319 Charlottesville VA 22904-4319 USA
| | - Amelia G. Reid
- Department of Chemistry University of Virginia McCormick Road, PO Box 400319 Charlottesville VA 22904-4319 USA
| | - Emma N. Cook
- Department of Chemistry University of Virginia McCormick Road, PO Box 400319 Charlottesville VA 22904-4319 USA
| | - Charles W. Machan
- Department of Chemistry University of Virginia McCormick Road, PO Box 400319 Charlottesville VA 22904-4319 USA
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94
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von Eschwege KG, Conradie J. Review of DFT-simulated and experimental electrochemistry properties of the polypyridyl Row-1 Mn, Fe & Co, and Group-8 Fe, Ru and Os MLCT complexes. Electrochem commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2022.107225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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95
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Dubrawski ZS, Chang CY, Carr CR, Gelfand BS, Piers WE. Electrocatalyst decomposition pathways: torsional strain in a second sphere proton relay shuts off CO 2RR in a Re(2,2′-bipyridyl)(CO) 3X type electrocatalyst. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:17381-17390. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02876j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Group 7 tris(carbonyl) bipyridine complexes have been well explored as important CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) electrocatalysts and now represent an excellent platform for catalyst design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary S. Dubrawski
- University of Calgary, Department of Chemistry, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Chia Yun Chang
- University of Calgary, Department of Chemistry, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Cody R. Carr
- University of Calgary, Department of Chemistry, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Benjamin S. Gelfand
- University of Calgary, Department of Chemistry, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Warren E. Piers
- University of Calgary, Department of Chemistry, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
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96
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Rajeshwaree B, Ali A, Mir AQ, Grover J, Lahiri GK, Dutta A, Maiti D. Group 6 transition metal-based molecular complexes for sustainable catalytic CO2 activation. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy01378e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
CO2 activation is one of the key steps towards CO2 mitigation. In this context, the group 6 transition metal-based molecular catalysts can lead the way.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Rajeshwaree
- Chemistry Department, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India
| | - Afsar Ali
- Chemistry Discipline, IIT Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar-382355, India
| | - Ab Qayoom Mir
- Chemistry Discipline, IIT Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar-382355, India
| | - Jagrit Grover
- Chemistry Department, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India
| | | | - Arnab Dutta
- Chemistry Department, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India
- Interdisciplinary Programme in Climate Studies, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Chemistry Department, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India
- Interdisciplinary Programme in Climate Studies, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India
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97
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Okuda J, Okumura A, Ghana P, Fink F, Schmidt R, Hoffmann A, Spaniol TP, Herres-Pawlis S. Formate Complexes of Tri- and Tetravalent Titanium Supported by a Tris(phenolato)amine Ligand. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:14345-14351. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01739c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Titanium(III) and titanium(IV) formate complexes supported by the sterically encumbering tris(phenolato)amine ligand (H3(O3N) = tris(4,6-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzyl)amine) are described. Salt metathesis of the chlorido precursor [(O3N)TiCl] (1-Cl) with sodium formate in a...
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98
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Cauwenbergh R, Goyal V, Maiti R, Natte K, Das S. Challenges and recent advancements in the transformation of CO 2 into carboxylic acids: straightforward assembly with homogeneous 3d metals. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:9371-9423. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00921d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transformation of carbon dioxide (CO2) into valuable organic carboxylic acids is essential for maintaining sustainability. In this review, such CO2 thermo-, photo- and electrochemical transformations under 3d-transition metal catalysis are described from 2017 until 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Cauwenbergh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Vishakha Goyal
- Chemical and Material Sciences Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun-248005, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Joggers Road, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India
| | - Rakesh Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Kishore Natte
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, 502 285, Telangana, India
| | - Shoubhik Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
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99
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Kinzel NW, Demirbas D, Bill E, Weyhermüller T, Werlé C, Kaeffer N, Leitner W. Systematic Variation of 3d Metal Centers in a Redox-Innocent Ligand Environment: Structures, Electrochemical Properties, and Carbon Dioxide Activation. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:19062-19078. [PMID: 34851088 PMCID: PMC8693193 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Coordination compounds
of earth-abundant 3d transition metals are
among the most effective catalysts for the electrochemical reduction
of carbon dioxide (CO2). While the properties of the metal
center are crucial for the ability of the complexes to electrochemically
activate CO2, systematic variations of the metal within
an identical, redox-innocent ligand backbone remain insufficiently
investigated. Here, we report on the synthesis, structural and spectroscopic
characterization, and electrochemical investigation of a series of
3d transition-metal complexes [M = Mn(I), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II),
Cu(I), and Zn(II)] coordinated by a new redox-innocent PNP pincer
ligand system. Only the Fe, Co, and Ni complexes reveal distinct metal-centered
electrochemical reductions from M(II) down to M(0) and show indications
for interaction with CO2 in their reduced states. The Ni(0)
d10 species associates with CO2 to form a putative
Aresta-type Ni-η2-CO2 complex, where electron
transfer to CO2 through back-bonding is insufficient to
enable electrocatalytic activity. By contrast, the Co(0) d9 intermediate binding CO2 can undergo additional electron
uptake into a formal cobalt(I) metallacarboxylate complex able to
promote turnover. Our data, together with the few literature precedents,
single out that an unsaturated coordination sphere (coordination number
= 4 or 5) and a d7-to-d9 configuration in the
reduced low oxidation state (+I or 0) are characteristics that foster
electrochemical CO2 activation for complexes based on redox-innocent
ligands. A series of 3d transition-metal complexes
(M = Mn, Fe, Co,
Ni, Cu, and Zn) coordinated by a new redox-innocent PNP pincer ligand
system were synthesized and structurally as well as electrochemically
analyzed to illuminate the role of the metal center in molecular electrochemical
carbon dioxide (CO2) activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas W Kinzel
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.,Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Derya Demirbas
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Thomas Weyhermüller
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Christophe Werlé
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.,Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Nicolas Kaeffer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Walter Leitner
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.,Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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100
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Cao H, Zhang R, Zhou Z, Liu S, Tao Y, Wang F, Wang X. On-Demand Transformation of Carbon Dioxide into Polymers Enabled by a Comb-Shaped Metallic Oligomer Catalyst. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Cao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022 China
| | - Ruoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 China
| | - Shunjie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 China
| | - Youhua Tao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 China
| | - Fosong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 China
| | - Xianhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 China
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