51
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Bowie D. Polyamine-mediated channel block of ionotropic glutamate receptors and its regulation by auxiliary proteins. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:18789-18802. [PMID: 30333231 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.tm118.003794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Most excitatory neurotransmission in the mammalian brain is mediated by a family of plasma membrane-bound signaling proteins called ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs). iGluRs assemble at central synapses as tetramers, forming a central ion-channel pore whose primary function is to rapidly transport Na+ and Ca2+ in response to binding the neurotransmitter l-glutamic acid. The pore of iGluRs is also accessible to bulkier cytoplasmic cations, such as the polyamines spermine, spermidine, and putrescine, which are drawn into the permeation pathway, but get stuck and block the movement of other ions. The degree of this polyamine-mediated channel block is highly regulated by processes that control the free cytoplasmic polyamine concentration, the membrane potential, or the iGluR subunit composition. Recently, an additional regulation by auxiliary proteins, most notably transmembrane AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) receptor regulatory proteins (TARPs), cornichons, and neuropilin and tolloid-like proteins (NETOs), has been identified. Here, I review what we have learned of polyamine block of iGluRs and its regulation by auxiliary subunits. TARPs, cornichons, and NETOs attenuate the channel block by enabling polyamines to exit the pore. As a result, polyamine permeation occurs at more negative and physiologically relevant membrane potentials. The structural basis for enhanced polyamine transport remains unresolved, although alterations in both channel architecture and charge-screening mechanisms have been proposed. That auxiliary subunits can attenuate the polyamine block reveals an unappreciated impact of polyamine permeation in shaping the signaling properties of neuronal AMPA- and kainate-type iGluRs. Moreover, enhanced polyamine transport through iGluRs may have a role in regulating cellular polyamine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Bowie
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 0B1, Canada
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52
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Peyton KJ, Liu XM, Yu Y, Yates B, Behnammanesh G, Durante W. Glutaminase-1 stimulates the proliferation, migration, and survival of human endothelial cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 156:204-214. [PMID: 30144404 PMCID: PMC6248344 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glutaminase-1 (GLS1) is a mitochondrial enzyme found in endothelial cells (ECs) that metabolizes glutamine to glutamate and ammonia. Although glutaminolysis modulates the function of human umbilical vein ECs, it is not known whether these findings extend to human ECs beyond the fetal circulation. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism by which GLS1 regulates EC function is not defined. In this study, we show that the absence of glutamine in the culture media or the inhibition of GLS1 activity or expression blocked the proliferation and migration of ECs derived from the human umbilical vein, the human aorta, and the human microvasculature. GLS1 inhibition arrested ECs in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle and this was associated with a significant decline in cyclin A expression. Restoration of cyclin A expression via adenoviral-mediated gene transfer improved the proliferative, but not the migratory, response of GLS1-inhibited ECs. Glutamine deprivation or GLS1 inhibition also stimulated the production of reactive oxygen species and this was associated with a marked decline in heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. GLS1 inhibition also sensitized ECs to the cytotoxic effect of hydrogen peroxide and this was prevented by the overexpression of HO-1. In conclusion, the metabolism of glutamine by GLS1 promotes human EC proliferation, migration, and survival irrespective of the vascular source. While cyclin A contributes to the proliferative action of GLS1, HO-1 mediates its pro-survival effect. These results identify GLS1 as a promising therapeutic target in treating diseases associated with aberrant EC proliferation, migration, and viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly J Peyton
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Xiao-Ming Liu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Yajie Yu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Benjamin Yates
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Ghazaleh Behnammanesh
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - William Durante
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.
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53
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Wang L, Peng W, Wu T, Deng P, Zhao YL. Increased glutamine anabolism sensitizes non-small cell lung cancer to gefitinib treatment. Cell Death Discov 2018; 4:24. [PMID: 30109143 PMCID: PMC6085389 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-018-0086-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
To better understand the resistance mechanism of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) to gefitinib, the metabolic profiles of gefitinib-resistant A549 cells and gefitinib-sensitive PC-9 cells were analyzed with a metabolomics analytical platform. A549 and PC-9 cells exhibited significant differences in the levels of glutamine-related metabolites. After gefitinib treatment, the glutamine level decreased in A549 cells but showed no change in PC-9 cells. The glutamine consumed by A549 cells was used to generate ATP and glutathione (GSH). As glutamine utilization was suppressed in gefitinib-treated PC-9 cells, the resulting ATP shortage and ROS accumulation led to cell death. The difference in glutamine metabolism was caused by differential changes in the levels of glutamine synthetase (GS, encoded by glutamate-ammonia ligase (GLUL)). GLUL expression was upregulated in gefitinib-sensitive cells, but it was either absent from gefitinib-resistant cells or no significant change was observed in the gefitinib-treated cells. GLUL overexpression in A549 cells significant sensitized them to gefitinib and decreased their invasive capacity. Conversely, knockout GS in PC-9 cells reduced gefitinib sensitivity and enhanced metastasis. Furthermore, the continuous exposure of gefitinib-sensitive HCC827 cells to gefitinib created gefitinib-resistant (GR) HCC827 cells, which exhibited a GLUL deletion and resistance to gefitinib. Thus, GLUL plays a vital role in determining the sensitivity of NSCLCs to gefitinib. Elevated GS levels mediate increased glutamine anabolism, and this novel mechanism sensitizes NSCLCs to gefitinib. The inhibition of glutamine utilization may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy to overcome gefitinib resistance in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 17#, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041 China.,2Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Wen Peng
- 1State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 17#, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041 China.,Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Guizhou Province, 83#, Zhong Shan East Road, Guiyang, 550004 China
| | - Tianming Wu
- 1State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 17#, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Pengchi Deng
- 4Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Ying-Lan Zhao
- 1State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 17#, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041 China
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54
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Bachmann M, Costa R, Peruzzo R, Prosdocimi E, Checchetto V, Leanza L. Targeting Mitochondrial Ion Channels to Fight Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19072060. [PMID: 30011966 PMCID: PMC6073807 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, several experimental evidences have underlined a new role of ion channels in cancer development and progression. In particular, mitochondrial ion channels are arising as new oncological targets, since it has been proved that most of them show an altered expression during tumor development and the pharmacological targeting of some of them have been demonstrated to be able to modulate cancer growth and progression, both in vitro as well as in vivo in pre-clinical mouse models. In this scenario, pharmacology of mitochondrial ion channels would be in the near future a new frontier for the treatment of tumors. In this review, we discuss the new advances in the field, by focusing our attention on the improvements in new drug developments to target mitochondrial ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberto Costa
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Roberta Peruzzo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Elena Prosdocimi
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | | | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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55
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Fedoros EI, Orlov AA, Zherebker A, Gubareva EA, Maydin MA, Konstantinov AI, Krasnov KA, Karapetian RN, Izotova EI, Pigarev SE, Panchenko AV, Tyndyk ML, Osolodkin DI, Nikolaev EN, Perminova IV, Anisimov VN. Novel water-soluble lignin derivative BP-Cx-1: identification of components and screening of potential targets in silico and in vitro. Oncotarget 2018; 9:18578-18593. [PMID: 29719628 PMCID: PMC5915095 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of molecular targets and mechanism of action is always a challenge, in particular – for natural compounds due to inherent chemical complexity. BP-Cx-1 is a water-soluble modification of hydrolyzed lignin used as the platform for a portfolio of innovative pharmacological products aimed for therapy and supportive care of oncological patients. The present study describes a new approach, which combines in vitro screening of potential molecular targets for BP-Cx-1 using Diversity Profile - P9 panel by Eurofins Cerep (France) with a search of possible active components in silico in ChEMBL - manually curated chemical database of bioactive molecules with drug-like properties. The results of diversity assay demonstrate that BP-Cx-1 has multiple biological effects on neurotransmitters receptors, ligand-gated ion channels and transporters. Of particular importance is that the major part of identified molecular targets are involved in modulation of inflammation and immune response and might be related to tumorigenesis. Characterization of molecular composition of BP-Cx-1 with Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry and subsequent identification of possible active components by searching for molecular matches in silico in ChEMBL indicated polyphenolic components, nominally, flavonoids, sapogenins, phenanthrenes, as the major carriers of biological activity of BP-Cx-1. In vitro and in silico target screening yielded overlapping lists of proteins: adenosine receptors, dopamine receptor DRD4, glucocorticoid receptor, serotonin receptor 5-HT1, prostaglandin receptors, muscarinic cholinergic receptor, GABAA receptor. The pleiotropic molecular activities of polyphenolic components are beneficial in treatment of multifactorial disorders such as diseases associated with chronic inflammation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena I Fedoros
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia.,Nobel LTD, Saint-Petersburg 192012, Russia
| | - Alexey A Orlov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexander Zherebker
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo 143025, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Gubareva
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Maydin
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | | | - Konstantin A Krasnov
- Institute of Toxicology, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Saint-Petersburg 192019, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Andrey V Panchenko
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Margarita L Tyndyk
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Dmitry I Osolodkin
- Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS, Moscow 108819, Russia.,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Evgeny N Nikolaev
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo 143025, Russia.,Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia.,Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Irina V Perminova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Vladimir N Anisimov
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
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56
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Interaction of DCF1 with ATP1B1 induces impairment in astrocyte structural plasticity via the P38 signaling pathway. Exp Neurol 2018; 302:214-229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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57
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Arese M, Bussolino F, Pergolizzi M, Bizzozero L, Pascal D. Tumor progression: the neuronal input. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 6:89. [PMID: 29666812 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2018.01.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
One of the challenges of cancer is its heterogeneity and rapid capacity to adapt. Notwithstanding significant progress in the last decades in genomics and precision medicine, new molecular targets and therapies appear highly necessary. One way to approach this complex problem is to consider cancer in the context of its cellular and molecular microenvironment, which includes nerves. The peripheral nerves, the topic of this review, modulate the biological behavior of the cancer cells and influence tumor progression, including the events related to the metastatic spread of the disease. This mechanism involves the release of neurotransmitters directly into the microenvironment and the activation of the corresponding membrane receptors. While this fact appears to complicate further the molecular landscape of cancer, the neurotransmitters are highly investigated molecules, and often are already targeted by well-developed drugs, a fact that can help finding new therapies at a fraction of the cost and time needed for new medicines (through the so-called drug repurposing). Moreover, the modulation of tumor progression by neurotransmitters can probably explain the long-recognized effects of psychological factors on the burden of cancer. We begin with an introduction on the tumor-nervous-connections and a description of the perineural invasion and neoneurogenesis, the two most important interaction patterns of cancer and nerves. Next, we discuss the most recent data that unequivocally demonstrate the necessity of the nervous system for tumor onset and growth. We introduce the molecular players of the tumor-nervous-connections by citing the role of three main families: neurotropic factors, axon guidance molecules, and neurotransmitters. Finally, we review the role the most important neurotransmitters in tumor biology and we conclude by analyzing the significance of the presented data for cancer therapy, with all the potential advantages and caveats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Arese
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO, IRCCS, Turin, Italy.,Laboratory of Neurovascular Biology, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO, IRCCS, Turin, Italy
| | - Federico Bussolino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO, IRCCS, Turin, Italy.,Laboratory of Vascular Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO, IRCCS, Turin, Italy
| | - Margherita Pergolizzi
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO, IRCCS, Turin, Italy.,Laboratory of Neurovascular Biology, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO, IRCCS, Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Bizzozero
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO, IRCCS, Turin, Italy.,Laboratory of Neurovascular Biology, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO, IRCCS, Turin, Italy
| | - Davide Pascal
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO, IRCCS, Turin, Italy.,Laboratory of Neurovascular Biology, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO, IRCCS, Turin, Italy
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58
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Ferguson HJM, Wragg JW, Ward S, Heath VL, Ismail T, Bicknell R. Glutamate dependent NMDA receptor 2D is a novel angiogenic tumour endothelial marker in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:20440-54. [PMID: 26943033 PMCID: PMC4991466 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Current vascular-targeted therapies in colorectal cancer (CRC) have shown limited benefit. The lack of novel, specific treatment in CRC has been hampered by a dearth of specific endothelial markers. Microarray comparison of endothelial gene expression in patient-matched CRC and normal colon identified a panel of putative colorectal tumour endothelial markers. Of these the glutamate dependent NMDA receptor GRIN2D emerged as the most interesting target. GRIN2D expression was shown to be specific to colorectal cancer vessels by RTqPCR and IHC analysis. Its expression was additionally shown be predictive of improved survival in CRC. Targeted knockdown studies in vitro demonstrated a role for GRIN2D in endothelial function and angiogenesis. This effect was also shown in vivo as vaccination against the extracellular region of GRIN2D resulted in reduced vascularisation in the subcutaneous sponge angiogenesis assay. The utility of immunologically targeting GRIN2D in CRC was demonstrated by the vaccination approach inhibiting murine CRC tumour growth and vascularisation. GRIN2D represents a promising target for the future treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry J M Ferguson
- Molecular Angiogenesis Group, Institute for Biomedical Research, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.,Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
| | - Joseph W Wragg
- Molecular Angiogenesis Group, Institute for Biomedical Research, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Stephen Ward
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
| | - Victoria L Heath
- Molecular Angiogenesis Group, Institute for Biomedical Research, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Tariq Ismail
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
| | - Roy Bicknell
- Molecular Angiogenesis Group, Institute for Biomedical Research, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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59
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Fazzari J, Linher-Melville K, Singh G. Tumour-Derived Glutamate: Linking Aberrant Cancer Cell Metabolism to Peripheral Sensory Pain Pathways. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 15:620-636. [PMID: 27157265 PMCID: PMC5543678 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x14666160509123042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic pain is a major symptom that develops in cancer patients, most commonly emerging during advanced stages of the disease. The nature of cancer-induced pain is complex, and the efficacy of current therapeutic interventions is restricted by the dose-limiting side-effects that accompany common centrally targeted analgesics. Methods This review focuses on how up-regulated glutamate production and export by the tumour converge at peripheral afferent nerve terminals to transmit nociceptive signals through the transient receptor cation channel, TRPV1, thereby initiating central sensitization in response to peripheral disease-mediated stimuli. Results Cancer cells undergo numerous metabolic changes that include increased glutamine catabolism and over-expression of enzymes involved in glutaminolysis, including glutaminase. This mitochondrial enzyme mediates glutaminolysis, producing large pools of intracellular glutamate. Up-regulation of the plasma membrane cystine/glutamate antiporter, system xc-, promotes aberrant glutamate release from cancer cells. Increased levels of extracellular glutamate have been associated with the progression of cancer-induced pain and we discuss how this can be mediated by activation of TRPV1. Conclusion With a growing population of patients receiving inadequate treatment for intractable pain, new targets need to be considered to better address this largely unmet clinical need for improving their quality of life. A better understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the unique qualities of cancer pain will help to identify novel targets that are able to limit the initiation of pain from a peripheral source–the tumour.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gurmit Singh
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine; Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON. Canada
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60
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Brown PMGE, McGuire H, Bowie D. Stargazin and cornichon-3 relieve polyamine block of AMPA receptors by enhancing blocker permeation. J Gen Physiol 2017; 150:67-82. [PMID: 29222130 PMCID: PMC5749116 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201711895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamine block of AMPA-type ionotropic glutamate receptors is attenuated by auxiliary proteins stargazin and cornichon-3. Brown et al. show that relief from block is due to enhanced blocker permeation and present a modified model of permeant channel block to account for their experimental findings. Most ligand- and voltage-gated ion channels assemble as signaling complexes consisting of pore-forming and auxiliary subunits. In the mammalian brain, AMPA-type ionotropic glutamate receptors (AMPARs) coassemble with several families of auxiliary subunits that regulate channel gating as well as ion channel block and permeation. Previous work has shown that auxiliary proteins stargazin (or γ2) and cornichon-3 (CNIH-3) attenuate the cytoplasmic polyamine channel block of AMPARs, although the underlying mechanism has yet to be established. Here, we show that γ2 and CNIH-3 relieve channel block by enhancing the rate of blocker permeation. Surprisingly, the relative permeability of the polyamine spermine (Spm) through the pore of the AMPAR-γ2 or -CNIH-3 complexes is considerably more than AMPARs expressed alone. Spm permeability is comparable to that of Na+ for the GluA2-γ2 complex and four times greater than Na+ with GluA2 + CNIH-3. A modified model of permeant channel block fully accounts for both the voltage- and time-dependent nature of Spm block. Estimates of block rate constants reveal that auxiliary subunits do not attenuate block by shifting the location of the block site within the membrane electric field, and they do not affect the blocker’s ability to reach it. Instead, γ2 and CNIH-3 relieve channel block by facilitating the blocker’s exit rates from the open channel. From a physiological perspective, the relief of channel block exerted by γ2 and CNIH-3 ensures that there is unfettered signaling by AMPARs at glutamatergic synapses. Moreover, the pronounced ability of AMPARs to transport polyamines may have an unexpected role in regulating cellular polyamine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia M G E Brown
- Integrated Program in Neurosciences, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Hugo McGuire
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Derek Bowie
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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61
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Li Y, Wang C, Li D, Deng P, Shao X, Hu J, Liu C, Jie H, Lin Y, Li Z, Qian X, Zhang H, Zhao Y. 1H-NMR-based metabolic profiling of a colorectal cancer CT-26 lung metastasis model in mice. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:3044-3054. [PMID: 28901465 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung metastasis is an important cause for the low 5-year survival rate of colorectal cancer patients. Understanding the metabolic profile of lung metastasis of colorectal cancer is important for developing molecular diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. We carried out the metabonomic profiling of lung tissue samples on a mouse lung metastasis model of colorectal cancer using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). The lung tissues of mice were collected at different intervals after marine colon cancer cell line CT-26 was intravenously injected into BALB/c mice. The distinguishing metabolites of lung tissue were investigated using 1H-NMR-based metabonomic assay, which is a highly sensitive and non-destructive method for biomarker identification. Principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were applied to analyze 1H-NMR profiling data to seek potential biomarkers. All of the 3 analyses achieved excellent separations between the normal and metastasis groups. A total of 42 metabolites were identified, ~12 of which were closely correlated with the process of metastasis from colon to lung. These altered metabolites indicated the disturbance of metabolism in metastatic tumors including glycolysis, TCA cycle, glutaminolysis, choline metabolism and serine biosynthesis. Our findings firstly identified the distinguishing metabolites in mouse colorectal cancer lung metastasis models, and indicated that the metabolite disturbance may be associated with the progression of lung metastasis from colon cancer. The altered metabolites may be potential biomarkers that provide a promising molecular approach for clinical diagnosis and mechanistic study of colorectal cancer with lung metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Pharmacodynamics Pharmacokinetics Early Safety Evaluation Model Animals, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Chunting Wang
- Pharmacodynamics Pharmacokinetics Early Safety Evaluation Model Animals, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Li
- Pharmacodynamics Pharmacokinetics Early Safety Evaluation Model Animals, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Pengchi Deng
- Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoni Shao
- Pharmacodynamics Pharmacokinetics Early Safety Evaluation Model Animals, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jing Hu
- Pharmacodynamics Pharmacokinetics Early Safety Evaluation Model Animals, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Chunqi Liu
- Pharmacodynamics Pharmacokinetics Early Safety Evaluation Model Animals, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hui Jie
- Pharmacodynamics Pharmacokinetics Early Safety Evaluation Model Animals, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yiyun Lin
- Pharmacodynamics Pharmacokinetics Early Safety Evaluation Model Animals, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Zhuoling Li
- Pharmacodynamics Pharmacokinetics Early Safety Evaluation Model Animals, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xinying Qian
- Pharmacodynamics Pharmacokinetics Early Safety Evaluation Model Animals, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Huaqin Zhang
- Pharmacodynamics Pharmacokinetics Early Safety Evaluation Model Animals, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yinglan Zhao
- Pharmacodynamics Pharmacokinetics Early Safety Evaluation Model Animals, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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Lin X, Zhan B, Wen S, Li Z, Huang H, Feng J. Metabonomic alterations from pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma facilitate the identification of biomarkers in serum for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2017; 12:2883-92. [PMID: 27400832 DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00381h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant disease with a poor prognosis and it is essential to diagnose and treat the disease at an early stage. The aim of this study was to understand the underlying biochemical mechanisms of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and to identify potential serum biomarkers for early detection of pancreatic cancer. 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced PanIN and PDAC rat models were established and the serum samples were collected. The serum samples were measured using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and analyzed by chemometric methods including principal component analysis (PCA) and (orthogonal) partial least squares discriminant analysis ((O)PLS-DA). The related biochemical pathways were derived from KEGG analysis of the significantly different metabolites. As results, some serum metabolites demonstrated alarming metabolic changes in the precursor lesion of pancreatic cancer (PanIN-2 in this study). These changes involved elevated levels of ketone compounds including 3-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, and acetone, some amino acids including asparagine, glutamate, threonine, and phenylalanine, glycoproteins and lipoproteins including N-acetylglycoprotein, LDL and VLDL, and some metabolites that have been shown to contribute to mutagenicity and cancer promotion such as deoxyguanosine and cytidine. More metabolites were shown to be significantly different between PanIN and PDAC, suggesting that a more complex set of changes occurs from noninvasive precursor lesion to invasive cancer. The serum metabonomic changes of rats with PanIN and PDAC may extend our understanding of pancreatic molecular pathogenesis, and the metabolic variations from PanIN to PDAC will be helpful to understand evolution processes of the pancreatic disease. NMR-based metabonomic analysis of animal models will be beneficial for the human study and will be helpful for the early detection of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianchao Lin
- General Surgery Department, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China.
| | - Bohan Zhan
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Shi Wen
- General Surgery Department, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China.
| | - Zhishui Li
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Heguang Huang
- General Surgery Department, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China.
| | - Jianghua Feng
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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MicroRNA-330-3p promotes cell invasion and metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer through GRIA3 by activating MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. J Hematol Oncol 2017. [PMID: 28629431 PMCID: PMC5477161 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0493-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brain metastasis (BM) is associated with poor prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Recent studies demonstrated that microRNA-330-3p (miR-330-3p) was involved in NSCLC brain metastasis (BM). However, the exact parts played by miR-330-3p in BM of NSCLC remain unknown. Discovery and development of biomarkers and elucidation of the mechanism underlying BM in NSCLC is critical for effective prophylactic interventions. Here, we evaluated the expression and biological effects of miR-330-3p in NSCLC cells and explored the underlying mechanism of miR-330-3p in promoting cell migration and invasion in NSCLC. Methods Stable over-expression and knockdown of miR-330-3p in NSCLC cells was constructed with lentivirus. Expression levels of miR-330-3p in NSCLC cells were quantified by quantitive real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The effects of miR-330-3p on NSCLC cells were investigated using assays of cell viability, migration, invasion, cell cycle, apoptosis, western blotting, immunohistochemical, and immunofluorescence staining. A xenograft nude mouse model and in situ brain metastasis model were used to observe tumor growth and brain metastasis. The potential target of miR-330-3p in NSCLC cells was explored using the luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, and western blotting. The miR-330-3p targets were identified using bioinformatics analysis and verified by luciferase reporter assay. The correlation between GRIA3 and DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) 1 and DNMT3A was tested by RT-PCR, western blotting, and co-immunoprecipitation (IP). Results miR-330-3p was significantly up-regulated in NSCLC cell lines. MTT assay, transwell migration, and invasion assays showed that miR-330-3p promoted the growth, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells in vitro and induced tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Luciferase reporter assays showed that GRIA3 was a target of miR-330-3p. qRT-PCR and western blotting exhibited that miR-330-3p promoted the growth, invasion, and migration of NSCLC cells by activating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular-regulated protein kinases (ERK) signaling pathway. Furthermore, miR-330-3p up-regulated the total DNA methylation in NSCLC cells, and co-IP-demonstrated GRIA3 was directly related with DNMT1 and DNMT3A. Conclusions miR-330-3p promoted the progression of NSCLC and might be a potential target for the further research of NSCLC brain metastasis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13045-017-0493-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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64
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Zhang HY, Yang W, Lu JB. Knockdown of GluA2 induces apoptosis in non-small-cell lung cancer A549 cells through the p53 signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1005-1010. [PMID: 28693266 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors are important glutamatergic receptors that mediate fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the brain. Previous studies have demonstrated that glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2 (GluA2), one of the four subunits that comprise AMPA receptors, is a potential novel marker for poor prognosis in patients with human lung cancer. However, the mechanisms of GluA2-induced apoptosis, proliferation and migration in lung cancer remain unknown. The present study aimed to explore the mechanisms underlying these effects of GluA2 in human lung cancer by silencing GluA2 in A549 cells. Using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, western blot analysis and acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining, downregulation of GluA2 was revealed to significantly inhibit the proliferation and significantly promote the apoptosis of A549 cells. Knockdown of GluA2 was also revealed to be associated with increased caspase-3 activity, increased Bcl-2-associated X protein and Bcl-2-associated death promoter (Bad) expression, and decreased expression of B-cell lymphoma-2, p-Bad and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein. In addition, GluA2 silencing upregulated cellular tumor antigen p53 (p53)/p21Cip1/Waf1/p16INK4a protein. In conclusion, these results indicate that the effects of GluA2 in lung cancer are mediated by the caspase-3 and p53/p21Cip1/Waf1/p16INK4a signaling pathways. Therefore, GluA2 may be a potential novel therapeutic target for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 150000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 150000, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Bin Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 150000, P.R. China
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65
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Xi SS, Bai XX, Gu L, Bao LH, Yang HM, An W, Wang XM, Zhang H. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 mediates the suppressive effect of 6-OHDA-induced model of Parkinson's disease on liver cancer. Pharmacol Res 2017; 121:145-157. [PMID: 28455267 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Numerous epidemiological studies suggested that there is a variable cancer risk in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, the role of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) has been investigated in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced PD combined with liver cancer both in vitro and in vivo. We found that PD cellular model from 6-OHDA-lesioned MN9D cells suppressed the growth, migration, and invasion of Hepa1-6 cells via down-regulation of mGluR5-mediated ERK and Akt pathway. The application of 2-methyl-6-(phenylethyl)-pyridine and knockdown of mGluR5 further decreased the effect on Hepa-1-6 cells when co-cultured with conditioned media. The effect was increased by (S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine and overexpression of mGluR5. Moreover, more release of glutamate from 6-OHDA-lesioned MN9D cells suppressed mGluR5-mediated effect of Hepa1-6 cells. Application of riluzole eliminated the increased glutamate release induced by 6-OHDA in MN9D cells and aggravated the suppressive effect on Hepa-1-6 cells. In addition, the growth of implanted liver cancer was inhibited in 6-OHDA induced PD-like rats, and was associated with increased glutamate release in the serum and down-regulation of mGluR5 in tumor tissue. Collectively, these results indicate that selective antagonism of glutamate and mGluR5 has a potentially beneficial effect in both liver cancer and PD, and thus may provide more understanding for the clinical investigation and further an additional therapeutic target for these two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Song Xi
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiao-Xu Bai
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Li Gu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Li-Hui Bao
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hui-Min Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wei An
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiao-Min Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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Oliveira KA, Dal-Cim T, Lopes FG, Ludka FK, Nedel CB, Tasca CI. Atorvastatin Promotes Cytotoxicity and Reduces Migration and Proliferation of Human A172 Glioma Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:1509-1523. [PMID: 28181188 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0423-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Malignant gliomas have resistance mechanisms to chemotherapy that enable tumor invasiveness and aggressiveness. Alternative therapies in cancer treatment, as statins, have been suggested to decrease proliferation, inhibit cell migration, and induce cell death. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of atorvastatin (ATOR) on cell viability, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy in A172 human glioma cells. Temozolomide (TMZ), a chemotherapic used to glioma treatment, was tested as a comparison to cytotoxic effects on gliomas. Cell viability was also assessed in primary culture of cortical astrocytes. ATOR treatment (0.1 to 20 μM) did not alter astrocytic viability. However, in glioma cells, ATOR showed cytotoxic effect at 10 and 20 μM concentrations. TMZ (500 μM) reduced cell viability similarly to ATOR, and drug association did not show additive effect on cell viability. ATOR, TMZ, and their association decreased cell migration. ATOR also decreased glioma cell proliferation. ATOR increased apoptosis, and TMZ association showed a potentiation effect, enhancing it. ATOR and TMZ treatment increased acidic vesicular organelle (AVO) presence in A172 cells, an indicative of autophagy. ATOR effect of reducing A172 cell viability did not alter glutamate transport and glutamine synthetase activity, but it was partially prevented through antagonism of ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Our data shows a cytotoxic effect of ATOR on glioma cells, whereas no toxicity was observed to astrocytes. ATOR showed similar cytotoxic effect as TMZ to glioma cells, and it may be a safer drug, regarding side effect induction, than chemotherapic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen A Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040900, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Tharine Dal-Cim
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Flávia G Lopes
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Fabiana K Ludka
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040900, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Curso de Farmácia, Universidade do Contestado, Canoinhas, Brazil
| | - Cláudia B Nedel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Carla I Tasca
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Florianópolis, Brazil.
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040900, Florianópolis, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Florianópolis, Brazil.
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Storck H, Hild B, Schimmelpfennig S, Sargin S, Nielsen N, Zaccagnino A, Budde T, Novak I, Kalthoff H, Schwab A. Ion channels in control of pancreatic stellate cell migration. Oncotarget 2017; 8:769-784. [PMID: 27903970 PMCID: PMC5352195 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) play a critical role in the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Once activated, PSCs support proliferation and metastasis of carcinoma cells. PSCs even co-metastasise with carcinoma cells. This requires the ability of PSCs to migrate. In recent years, it has been established that almost all "hallmarks of cancer" such as proliferation or migration/invasion also rely on the expression and function of ion channels. So far, there is only very limited information about the function of ion channels in PSCs. Yet, there is growing evidence that ion channels in stromal cells also contribute to tumor progression. Here we investigated the function of KCa3.1 channels in PSCs. KCa3.1 channels are also found in many tumor cells of different origin. We revealed the functional expression of KCa3.1 channels by means of Western blot, immunofluorescence and patch clamp analysis. The impact of KCa3.1 channel activity on PSC function was determined with live-cell imaging and by measuring the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). KCa3.1 channel blockade or knockout prevents the stimulation of PSC migration and chemotaxis by reducing the [Ca2+]i and calpain activity. KCa3.1 channels functionally cooperate with TRPC3 channels that are upregulated in PDAC stroma. Knockdown of TRPC3 channels largely abolishes the impact of KCa3.1 channels on PSC migration. In summary, our results clearly show that ion channels are crucial players in PSC physiology and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sarah Sargin
- Institut für Physiologie II, 48149 Münster, Gemany
| | | | - Angela Zaccagnino
- UKSH, Campus Kiel, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung (IET), Sektion Molekulare Onkologie, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Budde
- Institut für Physiologie I, 48149 Münster, Gemany
| | - Ivana Novak
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Holger Kalthoff
- UKSH, Campus Kiel, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung (IET), Sektion Molekulare Onkologie, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
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Glutamate release inhibitor, Riluzole, inhibited proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by elevated ROS production. Cancer Lett 2016; 382:157-165. [PMID: 27612558 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the common malignancies in many countries and an increasing cause of cancer death. Despite of that, there are few therapeutic options available with inconsistent outcome, raising a need for developing alternative therapeutic options. Through a drug repositioning screening, we identified and investigated the action mechanism of the Riluzole, an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) drug, on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) therapy. Treatment of the Riluzole leads to a suppression of cell proliferation in liver primary cancer cells and cancer cell lines. In addition, Riluzole induced caspase-dependent apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest in SNU449 and Huh7 cell lines. In a line with the known function of glutamate release inhibitor, we found Riluzole-treated cells have increased the level of inner cellular glutamate that in turn decrease the glutathione (GSH) level and finally augment the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. We confirm this finding in vivo by showing the Riluzole-induced GSH and ROS changes in a Huh7 xenograft cancer model. Altogether, these data suggest the anti-cancer effect of Riluzole on hepatocellular carcinoma and the suppression of glutamate signaling might be a new target pathway for HCC therapy.
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69
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Ribeiro MPC, Custódio JBA, Santos AE. Ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists and cancer therapy: time to think out of the box? Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2016; 79:219-225. [PMID: 27586965 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-016-3129-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate has a trophic function in the development of the central nervous system, regulating the proliferation and migration of neuronal progenitors. The resemblance between neuronal embryonic and tumor cells has paved the way for the investigation of the effects of glutamate on tumor cells. Indeed, tumor cells derived from neuronal tissue express ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluRs) subunits and iGluR antagonists decrease cell proliferation. Likewise, iGluRs subunits are expressed in several peripheral cancer cells and blockade of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) ionotropic glutamate receptor subtypes decreases their proliferation and migration. Although these mechanisms are still being investigated, the inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway was shown to play a key role in the antiproliferative activity of iGluR antagonists. Importantly, MK-801, a NMDAR channel blocker, was effective and well tolerated in animal models of melanoma, lung, and breast cancers, suggesting that the blockade of iGluR signaling may represent a new strategy for cancer treatment. In this review, we focus on the significance of NMDA and AMPA receptor expression in tumor cells, as well as possible therapeutic strategies targeting these receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana P C Ribeiro
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3000-354, Coimbra, Portugal.,Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José B A Custódio
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3000-354, Coimbra, Portugal.,Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Armanda E Santos
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3000-354, Coimbra, Portugal. .,Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
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70
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Wen S, Li Z, Feng J, Bai J, Lin X, Huang H. Metabonomic changes from pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in tissues from rats. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:836-45. [PMID: 27019331 PMCID: PMC4968602 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most malignant tumors and is difficult to diagnose in the early phase. This study was aimed at obtaining the metabolic profiles and characteristic metabolites of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and PDAC tissues from Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats to establish metabonomic methods used in the early diagnosis of PDAC. In the present study, the animal models were established by embedding 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) in the pancreas of SD rats to obtain PanIN and PDAC tissues. After the preprocessing of tissues, (1) H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy combined with multivariate and univariate statistical analysis was applied to identify the potential metabolic signatures and the corresponding metabolic pathways. Pattern recognition models were successfully established and differential metabolites, including glucose, amino acids, carboxylic acids and coenzymes, were screened out. Compared with the control, the trends in the variation of several metabolites were similar in both PanIN and PDAC. Kynurenate and methionine levels were elevated in PanIN but decreased in PDAC, thus, could served as biomarkers to distinguish PanIN from PDAC. Our results suggest that NMR-based techniques combined with multivariate statistical analysis can distinguish the metabolic differences among PanIN, PDAC and normal tissues, and, therefore, present a promising approach for physiopathologic metabolism investigations and early diagnoses of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Wen
- Department of General SurgeryFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Zhishui Li
- Department of Electronic ScienceFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic ResonanceXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Jianghua Feng
- Department of Electronic ScienceFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic ResonanceXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Jianxi Bai
- Department of General SurgeryFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Xianchao Lin
- Department of General SurgeryFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Heguang Huang
- Department of General SurgeryFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
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71
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Dumas SJ, Humbert M, Cohen-Kaminsky S. [The cancer paradigm in pulmonary arterial hypertension: towards anti-remodeling therapies targeting metabolic dysfunction?]. Biol Aujourdhui 2016; 210:171-189. [PMID: 28327277 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2016022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, complex and multifactorial disease in which pulmonary vascular remodeling plays a major role ending in right heart failure and death. Current specific therapies of PAH that mainly target the vasoconstriction/vasodilatation imbalance are not curative. Bi-pulmonary transplantation remains the only option in patients resistant to current therapies. It is thus crucial to identify novel vascular anti-remodeling therapeutic targets. This remodeling displays several properties of cancer cells, especially overproliferation and apoptosis resistance of pulmonary vascular cells, hallmarks of cancer related to the metabolic shift known as the "Warburg effect". The latter is characterized by a shift of ATP production, from oxidative phosphorylation to low rate aerobic glycolysis. In compensation, the cancer cells exhibit exacerbated glutaminolysis thus resulting in glutamine addiction, necessary to their overproliferation. Glutamine intake results in glutamate production, a molecule at the crossroads of energy metabolism and cancer cell communication, thus contributing to cell proliferation. Accordingly, therapeutic strategies targeting glutamate production, its release into the extracellular space and its membrane receptors have been suggested to treat different types of cancers, not only in the central nervous system but also in the periphery. We propose that similar strategies targeting glutamatergic signaling may be considered in PAH, especially as they could affect not only the vascular remodeling but also the right heart hypertrophy known to involve the glutaminolysis pathway. Ongoing studies aim to characterize the involvement of the glutamate pathway and its receptors in vascular remodeling, and the therapeutic potential of specific molecules targeting this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien J Dumas
- INSERM UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France - Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France - AP-HP Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Marc Humbert
- INSERM UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France - Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France - AP-HP Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Sylvia Cohen-Kaminsky
- INSERM UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France - Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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72
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Hu H, Takano N, Xiang L, Gilkes DM, Luo W, Semenza GL. Hypoxia-inducible factors enhance glutamate signaling in cancer cells. Oncotarget 2015; 5:8853-68. [PMID: 25326682 PMCID: PMC4253402 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Signaling through glutamate receptors has been reported in human cancers, but the molecular mechanisms are not fully delineated. We report that in hepatocellular carcinoma and clear cell renal carcinoma cells, increased activity of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) due to hypoxia or VHL loss-of-function, respectively, augmented release of glutamate, which was mediated by HIF-dependent expression of the SLC1A1 and SLC1A3 genes encoding glutamate transporters. In addition, HIFs coordinately regulated expression of the GRIA2 and GRIA3 genes, which encode glutamate receptors. Binding of glutamate to its receptors activated SRC family kinases and downstream pathways, which stimulated cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis resistance, migration and invasion in different cancer cell lines. Thus, coordinate regulation of glutamate transporters and receptors by HIFs was sufficient to activate key signal transduction pathways that promote cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Hu
- Predoctoral Training Program in Human Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Naoharu Takano
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Lisha Xiang
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Daniele M Gilkes
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Weibo Luo
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Gregg L Semenza
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Ye X, Wang L, Shang B, Wang Z, Wei W. NEDD4: a promising target for cancer therapy. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2015; 14:549-56. [PMID: 25088038 DOI: 10.2174/1568009614666140725092430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 05/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Neuronally expressed developmentally downregulated 4 (NEDD4), functioning largely as an E3 ubiquitin ligase, has been demonstrated to play a critical role in the development and progression of human cancers. In this review, to understand the regulatory mechanism(s) of NEDD4 as well as the signaling pathways controlled by NEDD4, we briefly describe the NEDD4 upstream regulators and its downstream ubiquitin substrates. Moreover, we further discuss its oncogenic roles in human malignancies. Therefore, targeting NEDD4 could be a potential therapeutic strategy for treatment of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave., Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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74
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Activation of AMPA receptor promotes TNF-α release via the ROS-cSrc-NFκB signaling cascade in RAW264.7 macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 461:275-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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75
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Xie G, Lu L, Qiu Y, Ni Q, Zhang W, Gao YT, Risch HA, Yu H, Jia W. Plasma metabolite biomarkers for the detection of pancreatic cancer. J Proteome Res 2014; 14:1195-202. [PMID: 25429707 PMCID: PMC4324440 DOI: 10.1021/pr501135f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
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Patients
with pancreatic cancer (PC) are usually diagnosed at late
stages, when the disease is nearly incurable. Sensitive and specific
markers are critical for supporting diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
The aim of this study was to use a metabonomics approach to identify
potential plasma biomarkers that can be further developed for early
detection of PC. In this study, plasma metabolites of newly diagnosed
PC patients (n = 100) and age- and gender-matched
controls (n = 100) from Connecticut (CT), USA, and
the same number of cases and controls from Shanghai (SH), China, were
profiled using combined gas and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.
The metabolites consistently expressed in both CT and SH samples were
used to identify potential markers, and the diagnostic performance
of the candidate markers was tested in two sample sets. A diagnostic
model was constructed using a panel of five metabolites including
glutamate, choline, 1,5-anhydro-d-glucitol, betaine, and
methylguanidine, which robustly distinguished PC patients in CT from
controls with high sensitivity (97.7%) and specificity (83.1%) (area
under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.943, 95%
confidence interval [CI] = 0.908–0.977). This panel of metabolites
was then tested with the SH data set, yielding satisfactory accuracy
(AUC = 0.835; 95% CI = 0.777–0.893), with a sensitivity of
77.4% and specificity of 75.8%. This model achieved a sensitivity
of 84.8% in the PC patients at stages 0, 1, and 2 in CT and 77.4%
in the PC patients at stages 1 and 2 in SH. Plasma metabolic signatures
show promise as biomarkers for early detection of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxiang Xie
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai 200233, China
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76
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Lv GQ, Zou HY, Liao LD, Cao HH, Zeng FM, Wu BL, Xie JJ, Fang WK, Xu LY, Li EM. Identification of a novel lysyl oxidase-like 2 alternative splicing isoform, LOXL2 Δe13, in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 92:379-89. [PMID: 25275797 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2014-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) participates in every stage of cancer progression and promotes invasion and metastasis. In this study, we identified a novel alternative splicing isoform of LOXL2, namely LOXL2 Δe13, which lacked exon 13. Deletion of exon 13 caused an open reading frame shift and produced a truncated protein. LOXL2 Δe13 was expressed ubiquitously in cell lines and tissues and was mainly localized to the cytoplasm. Although it showed impaired deamination enzymatic activity compared with full-length LOXL2, LOXL2 Δe13 promoted the cell mobility and invasion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells to greater degrees. In further research on the mechanisms, gene expression profiling and signaling pathway analysis revealed that LOXL2 Δe13 induced the expression of MAPK8 without affecting the FAK, AKT, and ERK signaling pathways. RNAi-mediated knockdown of MAPK8 could block the cell migration promoted by LOXL2De13, but it had little effect on that of full-length LOXL2. Our data suggest that LOXL2 Δe13 modulates the effects of cancer cell migration and invasion through a different mechanism from that of full-length LOXL2 and that it may play a very important role in tumor carcinogenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qing Lv
- a The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
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77
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Jin H, Qiao F, Chen L, Lu C, Xu L, Gao X. Serum metabolomic signatures of lymph node metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:4091-103. [PMID: 25162382 DOI: 10.1021/pr500483z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lymph node metastasis was recently proven to be the single most important prognostic factor for esophageal cancer, an important malignant tumor with poor prognosis. A global metabolomics approach was applied to study lymph node metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Metabolomics analyses were performed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry together with univariate and multivariate statistical analyses. There were clear metabolic distinctions between ESCC patients and healthy subjects. ESCC patients could be well-classified according to lymph node metastasis. We further identified a series of differential serum metabolites for ESCC and lymph node metastatic ESCC patients, suggesting metabolic dysfunction in proliferation (aerobic glycolysis, glutaminolysis, fatty acid metabolism, and branched-chain amino acid consumption), apoptosis, migration, immune escape, and oxidative stress of cancer cells in metastatic ESCC patients. In total, three serum metabolites (valine, γ-aminobutyric acid, and pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid) were selected by binary logistic regression analysis, and their combined use resulted in high diagnostic capacity for ESCC metastasis by receiver operating characteristic analysis. The present metabolomics study staged ESCC patients by lymph node metastasis, and the results suggest promising applications of this approach in prognostic prediction, tailored therapeutics, and understanding the pathological mechanisms of poor prognosis of ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Jin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433, China
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78
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Stepulak A, Rola R, Polberg K, Ikonomidou C. Glutamate and its receptors in cancer. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2014; 121:933-44. [PMID: 24610491 PMCID: PMC4133641 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-014-1182-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Glutamate, a nonessential amino acid, is a major bioenergetic substrate for proliferating normal and neoplastic cells on one hand and an excitatory neurotransmitter that is actively involved in biosynthetic, bioenergetic, metabolic, and oncogenic signaling pathways on the other. It exerts its action through a family of receptors consisting of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) and ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs), both of which have been implicated previously in a broad spectrum of acute and chronic neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss existing data on the role of glutamate as a growth factor for neoplastic cells, the expression of glutamate receptors in various types of benign and malignant neoplasms, and the potential roles that GluRs play in cancer development and progression along with their clinical significance. We conclude that glutamate-related receptors and their signaling pathways may provide novel therapeutic opportunities for a variety of malignant human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Stepulak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University in Lublin, ul. Chodzki 1, 20-093, Lublin, Poland,
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79
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Perfluorooctanoic acid stimulates breast cancer cells invasion and up-regulates matrix metalloproteinase-2/-9 expression mediated by activating NF-κB. Toxicol Lett 2014; 229:118-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 05/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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80
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Yamaguchi F, Hirata Y, Akram H, Kamitori K, Dong Y, Sui L, Tokuda M. FOXO/TXNIP pathway is involved in the suppression of hepatocellular carcinoma growth by glutamate antagonist MK-801. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:468. [PMID: 24112473 PMCID: PMC3852080 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence has suggested the importance of glutamate signaling in cancer growth, yet the signaling pathway has not been fully elucidated. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor activates intracellular signaling pathways such as the extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and forkhead box, class O (FOXO). Suppression of lung carcinoma growth by NMDA receptor antagonists via the ERK pathway has been reported. However, series of evidences suggested the importance of FOXO pathways for the regulation of normal and cancer cell growth. In the liver, FOXO1 play important roles for the cell proliferation such as hepatic stellate cells as well as liver metabolism. Our aim was to investigate the involvement of the FOXO pathway and the target genes in the growth inhibitory effects of NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Expression of NMDAR1 in cancer cell lines from different tissues was examined by Western blot. NMDA receptor subunits in HepG2, HuH-7, and HLF were examined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and growth inhibition by MK-801 and NBQX was determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The effects of MK-801 on the cell cycle were examined by flow cytometry and Western blot analysis. Expression of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) and p27 was determined by real-time PCR and Western blotting. Activation of the FOXO pathway and TXNIP induction were examined by Western blotting, fluorescence microscopy, Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, and reporter gene assay. The effects of TXNIP on growth inhibition were examined using the gene silencing technique. Results NMDA receptor subunits were expressed in all cell lines examined, and MK-801, but not NBQX, inhibited cell growth of hepatocellular carcinomas. Cell cycle analysis showed that MK-801 induced G1 cell cycle arrest by down-regulating cyclin D1 and up-regulating p27. MK-801 dephosphorylated Thr24 in FOXO1 and induced its nuclear translocation, thus increasing transcription of TXNIP, a tumor suppressor gene. Knock-down of TXNIP ameliorated the growth inhibitory effects of MK-801. Conclusions Our results indicate that functional NMDA receptors are expressed in hepatocellular carcinomas and that the FOXO pathway is involved in the growth inhibitory effects of MK-801. This mechanism could be common in hepatocellular carcinomas examined, but other mechanisms such as ERK pathway could exist in other cancer cells as reported in lung carcinoma cells. Altered expression levels of FOXO target genes including cyclin D1 and p27 may contribute to the inhibition of G1/S cell cycle transition. Induction of the tumor suppressor gene TXNIP plays an important role in the growth inhibition by MK-801. Our report provides new evidence that FOXO-TXNIP pathway play a role in the inhibition of the hepatocellular carcinoma growth by MK-801.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuminori Yamaguchi
- Departments of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan.
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81
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Han T, Kang D, Ji D, Wang X, Zhan W, Fu M, Xin HB, Wang JB. How does cancer cell metabolism affect tumor migration and invasion? Cell Adh Migr 2013; 7:395-403. [PMID: 24131935 DOI: 10.4161/cam.26345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the major cause of cancer-associated death. Accordingly, identification of the regulatory mechanisms that control whether or not tumor cells become "directed walkers" is a crucial issue of cancer research. The deregulation of cell migration during cancer progression determines the capacity of tumor cells to escape from the primary tumors and invade adjacent tissues to finally form metastases. The ability to switch from a predominantly oxidative metabolism to glycolysis and the production of lactate even when oxygen is plentiful is a key characteristic of cancer cells. This metabolic switch, known as the Warburg effect, was first described in 1920s, and affected not only tumor cell growth but also tumor cell migration. In this review, we will focus on the recent studies on how cancer cell metabolism affects tumor cell migration and invasion. Understanding the new aspects on molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways controlling tumor cell migration is critical for development of therapeutic strategies for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Han
- The Institute of Translational Medicine; Nanchang University; Jiangxi, PR China
| | - De Kang
- The Institute of Translational Medicine; Nanchang University; Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Daokun Ji
- The Institute of Translational Medicine; Nanchang University; Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- The Institute of Translational Medicine; Nanchang University; Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Weihua Zhan
- The Institute of Translational Medicine; Nanchang University; Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Minggui Fu
- The Institute of Translational Medicine; Nanchang University; Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Hong-Bo Xin
- The Institute of Translational Medicine; Nanchang University; Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Jian-Bin Wang
- The Institute of Translational Medicine; Nanchang University; Jiangxi, PR China
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82
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Abstract
The major factor in the morbidity and mortality of cancer patients is metastasis. There exists a relative lack of specific therapeutic approaches to control metastasis, and this is a fruitful area for investigation. A healthy diet and lifestyle not only can inhibit tumorigenesis but also can have a major impact on cancer progression and survival. Many chemicals found in edible plants are known to inhibit metastatic progression of cancer. While the mechanisms underlying antimetastatic activity of some phytochemicals are being delineated, the impact of diet, dietary components, and various phytochemicals on metastasis suppressor genes is underexplored. Epigenetic regulation of metastasis suppressor genes promises to be a potentially important mechanism by which dietary components can impact cancer metastasis since many dietary constituents are known to modulate gene expression. The review addresses this area of research as well as the current state of knowledge regarding the impact of diet, dietary components, and phytochemicals on metastasis suppressor genes.
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83
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Hijacking the neuronal NMDAR signaling circuit to promote tumor growth and invasion. Cell 2013; 153:86-100. [PMID: 23540692 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Glutamate and its receptor N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) have been associated with cancer, although their functions are not fully understood. Herein, we implicate glutamate-driven NMDAR signaling in a mouse model of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumorigenesis (PNET) and in selected human cancers. NMDAR was upregulated at the periphery of PNET tumors, particularly invasive fronts. Moreover, elevated coexpression of NMDAR and glutamate exporters correlated with poor prognosis in cancer patients. Treatment of a tumor-derived cell line with NMDAR antagonists impaired cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Flow conditions mimicking interstitial fluid pressure induced autologous glutamate secretion, activating NMDAR and its downstream MEK-MAPK and CaMK effectors, thereby promoting invasiveness. Congruently, pharmacological inhibition of NMDAR in mice with PNET reduced tumor growth and invasiveness. Therefore, beyond its traditional role in neurons, NMDAR may be activated in human tumors by fluid flow consequent to higher interstitial pressure, inducing an autocrine glutamate signaling circuit with resultant stimulation of malignancy.
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84
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Zhang XX, Fu Z, Zhang Z, Miao C, Xu P, Wang T, Yang L, Cheng S. Microcystin-LR promotes melanoma cell invasion and enhances matrix metalloproteinase-2/-9 expression mediated by NF-κB activation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:11319-11326. [PMID: 22992115 DOI: 10.1021/es3024989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms behind the stimulation effects of microcystin-LR (a well-known cyanobacterial toxin produced in eutrophic lakes or reservoirs) on cancer cell invasion and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression. Boyden chamber assay showed that microcystin-LR exposure (>12.5 nM) evidently enhanced the invasion ability of the melanoma cells (MDA-MB-435). Tumor Metastasis PCR Array demonstrated that 24 h microcystin-LR treatment (25 nM) caused overexpression of eight genes involved in tumor metastasis, including MMP-2, MMP-9, and MMP-13. Quantitative real-time PCR, Western blotting and gelatin zymography consistently demonstrated that mRNA and protein levels of MMP-2/-9 were increased in the cells after microcystin-LR exposure (P < 0.05 each). Immunofluorescence assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay revealed that microcystin-LR could activate nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) by accelerating NF-κB translocation into the nucleus and enhancing NF-κB binding ability. Furthermore, addition of NF-κB inhibitor in culture medium could suppress the invasiveness enhancement and MMP-2/-9 overexpression. This study indicates that microcystin-LR can act as a NF-κB activator to promote MMP-2/-9 expression and melanoma cell invasion, which deserves more environmental health concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
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85
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GWAS identifies novel susceptibility loci on 6p21.32 and 21q21.3 for hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B virus carriers. PLoS Genet 2012; 8:e1002791. [PMID: 22807686 PMCID: PMC3395595 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have recently identified KIF1B as susceptibility locus for hepatitis B virus (HBV)–related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To further identify novel susceptibility loci associated with HBV–related HCC and replicate the previously reported association, we performed a large three-stage GWAS in the Han Chinese population. 523,663 autosomal SNPs in 1,538 HBV–positive HCC patients and 1,465 chronic HBV carriers were genotyped for the discovery stage. Top candidate SNPs were genotyped in the initial validation samples of 2,112 HBV–positive HCC cases and 2,208 HBV carriers and then in the second validation samples of 1,021 cases and 1,491 HBV carriers. We discovered two novel associations at rs9272105 (HLA-DQA1/DRB1) on 6p21.32 (OR = 1.30, P = 1.13×10−19) and rs455804 (GRIK1) on 21q21.3 (OR = 0.84, P = 1.86×10−8), which were further replicated in the fourth independent sample of 1,298 cases and 1,026 controls (rs9272105: OR = 1.25, P = 1.71×10−4; rs455804: OR = 0.84, P = 6.92×10−3). We also revealed the associations of HLA-DRB1*0405 and 0901*0602, which could partially account for the association at rs9272105. The association at rs455804 implicates GRIK1 as a novel susceptibility gene for HBV–related HCC, suggesting the involvement of glutamate signaling in the development of HBV–related HCC. Previous studies strongly suggest the importance of genetic susceptibility for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the studies about genetic etiology on HBV–related HCC were limited. Our genome-wide association study included 523,663 autosomal SNPs in 1,538 HBV–positive HCC patients and 1,465 chronic HBV carriers for the discovery analysis. 2,112 HBV–positive HCC cases and 2,208 HBV carriers (the initial validation), and 1,021 cases and 1,491 HBV carriers (the second validation), were then analyzed for validation. The fourth independent samples of 1,298 cases and 1,026 controls were analyzed as replication. We discovered two novel associations at rs9272105 (HLA-DQA1/DRB1) on 6p21.32 and rs455804 (GRIK1) on 21q21.3. HLA-DRB1 molecules play an important role in chronic HBV infection and progression to HCC. The association at rs455804 implicates GRIK1 as a novel susceptibility gene for HBV–related HCC, suggesting the involvement of glutamate signaling in the development of HBV–related HCC.
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86
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Klose T, Abiatari I, Samkharadze T, De Oliveira T, Jäger C, Kiladze M, Valkovskaya N, Friess H, Michalski CW, Kleeff J. The actin binding protein destrin is associated with growth and perineural invasion of pancreatic cancer. Pancreatology 2012; 12:350-7. [PMID: 22898637 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2012.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2012] [Revised: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The small actin-binding protein destrin is one of the key regulators involved in remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton, a process crucial for cytokinesis, cell migration and polarized cell growth as well as for cancer cell migration and invasion. METHODS A novel ex vivo nerve invasion model mirroring perineural cancer cell invasion as a key feature of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma has been previously established. Using this model, highly nerve-invasive clones of human pancreatic cancer cell lines have been obtained. Genome-wide transcriptional analyses of these cells revealed up-regulation of destrin in highly versus lowly nerve-invasive pancreatic cancer cells. RESULTS Increased expression of destrin in these nerve-invasive cells was validated using quantitative RT-PCR and immunoblotting; concomitant changes in cell morphology were demonstrated using immunofluorescence analysis. Silencing of destrin by two specific siRNA oligonucleotides in Panc-1 pancreatic cancer cells decreased invasiveness and migration, and reduced proliferation of these cells. CONCLUSIONS Destrin is upregulated in nerve-invasive pancreatic cancer cells and its expression might be related to perineural invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Klose
- Department of Surgery, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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87
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Identification of differentially expressed genes according to chemosensitivity in advanced ovarian serous adenocarcinomas: expression of GRIA2 predicts better survival. Br J Cancer 2012; 107:91-9. [PMID: 22644307 PMCID: PMC3389416 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to identify genes that are differentially expressed in chemosensitive serous papillary ovarian carcinomas relative to those expressed in chemoresistant tumours. Methods: To identify novel candidate biomarkers, differences in gene expression were analysed in 26 stage IIIC/IV serous ovarian adenocarcinomas (12 chemosensitive tumours and 14 chemoresistant tumours). We subsequently investigated the immunohistochemical expression of GRIA2 in 48 independent sets of advanced ovarian serous carcinomas. Results: Microarray analysis revealed a total of 57 genes that were differentially expressed in chemoresistant and chemosensitive tumours. Of the 57 genes, 39 genes were upregulated and 18 genes were downregulated in chemosensitive tumours. Five differentially expressed genes (CD36, LIFR, CHL1, GRIA2, and FCGBP) were validated by quantitative real-time PCR. The expression of GRIA2 was validated at the protein level by immunohistochemistry, and patients with GRIA2 expression showed a longer progression-free and overall survival (P=0.051 and P=0.031 respectively). Conclusions: We found 57 differentially expressed genes to distinguish between chemosensitive and chemoresistant tumours. We also demonstrated that the expression of GRIA2 among the differentially expressed genes provides better prognosis of patients with advanced serous papillary ovarian adenocarcinoma.
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