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Wang J, He Y, Chen X, Huang L, Li J, You Z, Huang Q, Ren S, He K, Schibli R, Mu L, Guan Y, Guo Q, Zhao J, Xie F. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) is associated with neurodegeneration and amyloid deposition in Alzheimer's disease: A [ 18F]PSS232 PET/MRI study. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:9. [PMID: 38217040 PMCID: PMC10785459 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01385-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) is involved in regulating integrative brain function and synaptic transmission. Aberrant mGluR5 signaling and relevant synaptic failure play a key role in the initial pathophysiological mechanism of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The study aims to investigate the association between mGluR5 availability and AD's biomarkers and cognitive function. METHODS We examined 35 individuals with mGluR5 tracer [18F]PSS232 to assess mGluR5 availability, and with [18F]Florbetapir PET to assess global amyloid deposition, and [18F]FDG PET to assess glucose metabolism. The plasma neurofilament light (NfL) and p-tau181 levels in a subset of individuals were measured (n = 27). The difference in mGluR5 availability between the AD and normal control (NC) groups was explored. The associations of mGluR5 availability with amyloid deposition, glucose metabolism, gray matter volume (GMV), neuropsychological assessment scores, and plasma biomarkers were analyzed. RESULTS The mGluR5 availability was significantly reduced in AD patients' hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus compared to NCs. Global amyloid deposition was positively associated with mGluR5 availability in the AD group and reversely associated in the NC group. The mGluR5 availability was positively correlated with regional glucose metabolism in the overall and stratified analyses. The availability of mGluR5 in the hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus demonstrated a strong relationship with the GMV of the medial temporal lobe, plasma p-tau181 or NfL levels, and global cognitive performance. CONCLUSIONS [18F]PSS232 PET can quantify the changes of mGluR5 availability in the progression of AD. mGluR5 availability correlated not only with neuropathological biomarkers of AD but also with neurodegenerative biomarkers and cognitive performance. mGluR5 may be a novel neurodegenerative biomarker, and whether mGluR5 could be a potential therapeutic target for AD needs to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine &PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingfang He
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Junpeng Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine &PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwen You
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine &PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuhua Ren
- Department of Nuclear Medicine &PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine &PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Roger Schibli
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Linjing Mu
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yihui Guan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine &PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qihao Guo
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Fang Xie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine &PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Yang HM, Cheng YZ, Hou TZ, Fan JK, Gu L, Zhang JN, Zhang H. Upregulation of Parkinson's disease-associated protein alpha-synuclein suppresses tumorigenesis via interaction with mGluR5 and gamma-synuclein in liver cancer. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 744:109698. [PMID: 37487948 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Numerous epidemiological studies suggest a link between Parkinson's disease (PD) and cancer, indicating that PD-associated proteins may mediate the development of cancer. Here, we investigated a potential role of PD-associated protein α-synuclein in regulating liver cancer progression in vivo and in vitro. We found the negative correlation of α-synuclein with metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) and γ-synuclein by analyzing the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, liver cancer patients and hepatoma cells with overexpressed α-synuclein. Moreover, upregulated α-synuclein suppressed the growth, migration, and invasion. α-synuclein was found to associate with mGluR5 and γ-synuclein, and the truncated N-terminal of α-synuclein was essential for the interaction. Furthermore, overexpressed α-synuclein exerted the inhibitory effect on hepatoma cells through the degradation of mGluR5 and γ-synuclein via α-synuclein-dependent autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP). Consistently, in vivo experiments with rotenone-induced rat model of PD also confirmed that, upregulated α-synuclein in liver cancer tissues through targeting on mGluR5/α-synuclein/γ-synuclein complex inhibited tumorigenesis involving in ALP-dependent degradation of mGluR5 and γ-synuclein. These findings give an insight into an important role of PD-associated protein α-synuclein accompanied by the complex of mGluR5/α-synuclein/γ-synuclein in distant communications between PD and liver cancer, and provide a new strategy in therapeutics for the treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yun-Zhong Cheng
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Tian-Zhong Hou
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jing-Kai Fan
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Li Gu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jian-Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Zeng S, Tao M, Yuan L, Zhang L, Luo X. Inhibition of mGluR5 ameliorates lipid accumulation and inflammation in HepG2 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 653:1-11. [PMID: 36842305 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease characterized by ectopic lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. To date, no specific drug has been approved for its treatment. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) has been showed expressed in hepatocytes and related to some liver diseases such as alcoholic steatosis. However, the function of mGluR5 in NAFLD is not clear. This work aims to investigate the effect and potential mechanism of mGluR5 in NAFLD. We found that mGluR5 expression was increased in the livers of HFD-fed mice and in palmitate-treated HepG2 cells. Suppression of mGluR5 by the specific antagonist MPEP could ameliorate palmitate-induced lipid accumulation, whereas the mGluR5 agonist CHPG promoted lipid deposition in the cells. Knockdown of mGluR5 by small interfering RNA further demonstrated that inhibition of mGluR5 could reduce lipid accumulation. Furthermore, our results revealed that mGluR5 regulated lipid metabolism by increasing the gene expression of lipogenesis. Inflammatory factors and phosphorylation levels of NF-κB-p65 and JNK were also tested in treated hepatocytes. mGluR5 promoted the inflammatory reaction and JNK phosphorylation. Inhibition of JNK signaling by JNK-IN-8 rescued CHPG-induced lipogenesis and inflammation. This study showed mGluR5 regulated lipid accumulation and inflammation in palmitic acid-treated HepG2 cells via the JNK signaling pathway. mGluR5 might be a potential drug target for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zeng
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center, and Center for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital) of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Min Tao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Lei Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xie Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Krzyczmonik A, Grafinger KE, Keller T, Pfeifer L, Forsback S, Haaparanta-Solin M, Gouverneur V, López-Picón F, Solin O. Evaluation of [ 18F]FMTEB in Sprague Dawley rats as a PET tracer for metabotropic glutamate receptor 5. Nucl Med Biol 2023; 116-117:108309. [PMID: 36521341 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2022.108309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION [18F]FMTEB, along with other tracers, was developed as a promising PET radioligand for imaging metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5). Despite favorable preliminary results, it has not been used further for studies of mGluR5. This paper presents an in-depth preclinical evaluation of [18F]FMTEB in healthy Sprague Dawley rats. METHODS [18F]FMTEB was synthesized from a boronic ester precursor using copper-mediated fluorination. In vivo PET imaging was performed on six rats, of which three were pre-treated with a high affinity mGluR5 receptor antagonist. An additional 18 rats were used for ex vivo experiments for metabolite analyses in plasma, brain and urine, and for biodistribution and ex vivo brain autoradiography at different time points. RESULTS [18F]FMTEB was synthesized in adequate radiochemical yield and a molar activity of 154 ± 64 GBq/μmol. Both in vivo imaging and ex vivo brain autoradiography showed high specificity for mGluR5, and the blocking experiments showed a clear decrease in radioactivity in mGluR5-rich brain areas. Metabolite analyses confirmed fast metabolism of the tracer in plasma. The percentage of parent compound in brain tissue exceeded 90 % up to 90 min after injection. CONCLUSION [18F]FMTEB produced via copper-mediated 18F-fluorination fulfilled the requirements for preclinical evaluation in rats. The absence of specific uptake in cerebellum and absence of defluorination of the tracer allowed cerebellum to be used as a reference tissue. Due to the fast kinetics in rats, the region-to-cerebellum ratios equilibrated within 30 min. These results prove [18F]FMTEB to be a good candidate for mapping mGluR5 in rat brain and a suitable alternative to [18F]FPEB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Krzyczmonik
- Turku PET Centre, Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Katharina E Grafinger
- Turku PET Centre, Preclinical Imaging, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Thomas Keller
- Turku PET Centre, Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Lukas Pfeifer
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sarita Forsback
- Turku PET Centre, Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Merja Haaparanta-Solin
- Turku PET Centre, Preclinical Imaging, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Francisco López-Picón
- Turku PET Centre, Preclinical Imaging, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Olof Solin
- Turku PET Centre, Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Turku PET Centre, Accelerator Laboratory, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
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5
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Kim J, Kang S, Choi TY, Chang KA, Koo JW. Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 in Amygdala Target Neurons Regulates Susceptibility to Chronic Social Stress. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 92:104-115. [PMID: 35314057 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) has been implicated in stress-related psychiatric disorders, particularly major depressive disorder. Although growing evidence supports the proresilient role of mGluR5 in corticolimbic circuitry in the depressive-like behaviors following chronic stress exposure, the underlying neural mechanisms, including circuits and molecules, remain unknown. METHODS We measured the c-Fos expression and probability of neurotransmitter release in and from basolateral amygdala (BLA) neurons projecting to the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and to the ventral hippocampus (vHPC) after chronic social defeat stress. The role of BLA projections in depressive-like behaviors was assessed using optogenetic manipulations, and the underlying molecular mechanisms of mGluR5 and downstream signaling were investigated by Western blotting, viral-mediated gene transfer, and pharmacological manipulations. RESULTS Chronic social defeat stress disrupted neural activity and glutamatergic transmission in both BLA projections. Optogenetic activation of BLA projections reversed the detrimental effects of chronic social defeat stress on depressive-like behaviors and mGluR5 expression in the mPFC and vHPC. Conversely, inhibition of BLA projections of mice undergoing subthreshold social defeat stress induced a susceptible phenotype and mGluR5 reduction. These two BLA circuits appeared to act in an independent way. We demonstrate that mGluR5 overexpression in the mPFC or vHPC was proresilient while the mGluR5 knockdown was prosusceptible and that the proresilient effects of mGluR5 are mediated through distinctive downstream signaling pathways in the mPFC and vHPC. CONCLUSIONS These findings identify mGluR5 in the mPFC and vHPC that receive BLA inputs as a critical mediator of stress resilience, highlighting circuit-specific signaling for depressive-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongseop Kim
- Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinwoo Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Tae-Yong Choi
- Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-A Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ja Wook Koo
- Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Romero-Fernandez W, Taura JJ, Crans RAJ, Lopez-Cano M, Fores-Pons R, Narváez M, Carlsson J, Ciruela F, Fuxe K, Borroto-Escuela DO. The mGlu 5 Receptor Protomer-Mediated Dopamine D 2 Receptor Trans-Inhibition Is Dependent on the Adenosine A 2A Receptor Protomer: Implications for Parkinson's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2022. [PMID: 35829830 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02946-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR), dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) and metabotropic glutamate receptor type 5 (mGluR5) form A2AR-D2R-mGluR5 heteroreceptor complexes in living cells and in rat striatal neurons. In the current study, we present experimental data supporting the view that the A2AR protomer plays a major role in the inhibitory modulation of the density and the allosteric receptor-receptor interaction within the D2R-mGluR5 heteromeric component of the A2AR-D2R-mGluR5 complex in vitro and in vivo. The A2AR and mGluR5 protomers interact and modulate D2R protomer recognition and signalling upon forming a trimeric complex from these receptors. Expression of A2AR in HEK293T cells co-expressing D2R and mGluR5 resulted in a significant and marked increase in the formation of the D2R-mGluR5 heteromeric component in both bioluminescence resonance energy transfer and proximity ligation assays. A highly significant increase of the the high-affinity component of D2R (D2RKi High) values was found upon cotreatment with the mGluR5 and A2AR agonists in the cells expressing A2AR, D2R and mGluR5 with a significant effect observed also with the mGluR5 agonist alone compared to cells expressing only D2R and mGluR5. In cells co-expressing A2AR, D2R and mGluR5, stimulation of the cells with an mGluR5 agonist like or D2R antagonist fully counteracted the D2R agonist-induced inhibition of the cAMP levels which was not true in cells only expressing mGluR5 and D2R. In agreement, the mGluR5-negative allosteric modulator raseglurant significantly reduced the haloperidol-induced catalepsy in mice, and in A2AR knockout mice, the haloperidol action had almost disappeared, supporting a functional role for mGluR5 and A2AR in enhancing D2R blockade resulting in catalepsy. The results represent a relevant example of integrative activity within higher-order heteroreceptor complexes.
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Glorie D, Verhaeghe J, Miranda A, De Lombaerde S, Stroobants S, Staelens S. Quantification of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 Availability With Both [ 11C]ABP688 and [ 18F]FPEB Positron Emission Tomography in the Sapap3 Knockout Mouse Model for Obsessive-Compulsive-like Behavior. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2022; 7:607-615. [PMID: 34856382 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study provides a first direct comparison between positron emission tomography radioligands targeting the allosteric site of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5): [11C]ABP688 and [18F]FPEB. A blocking paradigm was set up to substantiate the common binding site of both radioligands. Second, both radioligands were applied in Sapap3 knockout (KO) mice showing compulsive-like behavior characterized by a lower in vivo mGluR5 availability. METHODS First, wild-type mice (n = 7) received four position emission tomography/computed tomography scans: a [11C]ABP688 scan, a [18F]FPEB scan, and two blocking scans using cold FPEB and cold ABP688, respectively. A second experiment compared both radioligands in wild-type (n = 7) and KO (n = 10) mice. The simplified reference tissue model was used to calculate the nondisplaceable binding potential representing the in vivo availability of mGluR5 in the brain. RESULTS Using cold FPEB as a blocking compound for [11C]ABP688 micro-positron emission tomography and vice versa, we observed averaged global reductions in mGluR5 availability of circa 98% for [11C]ABP688 and 82%-96% for [18F]FPEB. For KOs, the [11C]ABP688 nondisplaceable binding potential was on average 25% lower compared with wild-type control mice (p < .0001-.001), while this was about 17% for [18F]FPEB (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS The current findings substantiate a common binding site and suggest a strong relationship between mGluR5 availability levels measured with both radioligands. In Sapap3 KO mice, a reduced mGluR5 availability could therefore be demonstrated with both radioligands. With [11C]ABP688, higher significance levels were achieved in more brain regions. These findings suggest [11C]ABP688 as a preferable radiotracer to quantify mGluR5 availability, as exemplified here in a model for compulsive-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorien Glorie
- Molecular Imaging Center Antwerp, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Verhaeghe
- Molecular Imaging Center Antwerp, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Alan Miranda
- Molecular Imaging Center Antwerp, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Stef De Lombaerde
- Molecular Imaging Center Antwerp, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Sigrid Stroobants
- Molecular Imaging Center Antwerp, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Steven Staelens
- Molecular Imaging Center Antwerp, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.
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Gu L, Luo WY, Xia N, Zhang JN, Fan JK, Yang HM, Wang MC, Zhang H. Upregulated mGluR5 induces ER stress and DNA damage by regulating the NMDA receptor subunit NR2B. J Biochem 2021; 171:349-359. [PMID: 34908130 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvab140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction caused by mGluR5 expression or activation is an important mechanism in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). Early clinical studies on mGluR5 negative allosteric modulators have shown some limitations. It is therefore necessary to find a more specific approach to block mGluR5-mediated neurotoxicity. Here, we determined the role of NMDA receptor subunit NR2B in mGluR5-mediated ER stress and DNA damage. In vitro study, rotenone-induced ER stress and DNA damage were accompanied by an increase in mGluR5 expression, and overexpressed or activated mGluR5 with agonist CHPG induced ER stress and DNA damage, while blocking mGluR5 with antagonist MPEP alleviated the effect. Furthermore, the damage caused by CHPG was blocked by NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801. Additionally, rotenone or CHPG increased the p-Src and p-NR2B, which was inhibited by MPEP. Blocking p-Src or NR2B with PP2 or CP101,606 alleviated CHPG-induced ER stress and DNA damage. Overactivation of mGluR5 accompanied with the increase of p-Src and p-NR2B in the ER stress and DNA damage was found in rotenone-induced PD rat model. These findings suggest a new mechanism wherein mGluR5 induces ER stress and DNA damage through the NMDA receptor and propose NR2B as the molecular target for therapeutic strategy for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wen-Yuan Luo
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ning Xia
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,Department of neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jian-Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jing-Kai Fan
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hui-Min Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Meng-Chen Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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Xu X, Wu K, Ma X, Wang W, Wang H, Huang M, Luo L, Su C, Yuan T, Shi H, Han J, Wang A, Xu T. mGluR5-Mediated eCB Signaling in the Nucleus Accumbens Controls Vulnerability to Depressive-Like Behaviors and Pain After Chronic Social Defeat Stress. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:4944-4958. [PMID: 34227060 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02469-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Stress contributes to major depressive disorder (MDD) and chronic pain, which affect a significant portion of the global population, but researchers have not clearly determined how these conditions are initiated or amplified by stress. The chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) model is a mouse model of psychosocial stress that exhibits depressive-like behavior and chronic pain. We hypothesized that metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) expressed in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) normalizes the depressive-like behaviors and pain following CSDS. Here, we show that CSDS induced both pain and social avoidance and that the level of mGluR5 decreased in susceptible mice. Overexpression of mGluR5 in the NAc shell and core prevented the development of depressive-like behaviors and pain in susceptible mice, respectively. Conversely, depression-like behaviors and pain were exacerbated in mice with mGluR5 knockdown in the NAc shell and core, respectively, compared to control mice subjected to 3 days of social defeat stress. Furthermore, (RS)-2-chloro-5-hydroxyphenylglycine (CHPG), an mGluR5 agonist, reversed the reduction in the level of the endocannabinoid (eCB) 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in the NAc of susceptible mice, an effect that was blocked by 3-((2-methyl-1, 3-thiazol-4-yl) ethynyl) pyridine hydrochloride (MTEP), an mGluR5 antagonist. In addition, the injection of CHPG into the NAc shell and core normalized depressive-like behaviors and pain, respectively, and these effects were inhibited by AM251, a cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R) antagonist. Based on these results, mGluR5-mediated eCB production in the NAc relieves stress-induced depressive-like behaviors and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaixuan Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaqing Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenying Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Limin Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Su
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Changsha, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Tifei Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Han
- Internal medicine of TCM, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Aizhong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Anesthesiology, Tongzhou People's Hospital, Nantong, 226300, China.
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Płoska A, Cieślik P, Siekierzycka A, Kalinowski L, Wierońska JM. Neurochemical changes underlying cognitive impairment in olfactory bulbectomized rats and the impact of the mGlu 5-positive allosteric modulator CDPPB. Brain Res 2021; 1768:147577. [PMID: 34217728 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The olfactory bulbectomized (OBX) rat model is a well-established model of depression in which antidepressant drugs reverse deficits in the passive avoidance test 14 days after administration. Recently, the olfactory bulbectomized rat model has been proposed to be a model of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the available data indicate similarities between the changes that typically occur in AD and those observed in OBX animals. In the present study, the occurrence of neurochemical impairments related to AD were investigated 8 months after OB ablation. The expression of the nitric oxide synthases eNOS and nNOS, receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGEs) and dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH1) in the prefrontal cortices (PFCs), hippocampi and striata of olfactory bulbectomized and sham-operated rats was evaluated. Subsequently, the impact of the administration of a positive allosteric modulator of the mGlu5 receptor, CDPPB (14 days, 2.5 or 5 mg/kg), on OBX-related changes was assessed. OB ablation induced typical deficits in passive avoidance. Significant aberrations in the expression of both isoforms of NOS were observed in the hippocampus and striatum, and the expression of DDAH1 was increased in the PFCs of OBX animals. CDPPB at a dose of 5 mg/kg ameliorated cognitive impairment in the passive avoidance test and partially reversed the changes in eNOS and nNOS expression induced by the lesion. The results of this study confirm that some of the neurochemical changes observed in OBX animals may resemble those associated with AD pathology and that activation of the mGlu5 receptor may partially counteract these pathological alterations.
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11
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Zhang YN, Fan JK, Gu L, Yang HM, Zhan SQ, Zhang H. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 inhibits α-synuclein-induced microglia inflammation to protect from neurotoxicity in Parkinson's disease. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:23. [PMID: 33461598 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02079-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microglia activation induced by α-synuclein (α-syn) is one of the most important factors in Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathogenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms by which α-syn exerts neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity remain largely elusive. Targeting metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) has been an attractive strategy to mediate microglia activation for neuroprotection, which might be an essential regulator to modulate α-syn-induced neuroinflammation for the treatment of PD. Here, we showed that mGluR5 inhibited α-syn-induced microglia inflammation to protect from neurotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Methods Co-immunoprecipitation assays were utilized to detect the interaction between mGluR5 and α-syn in microglia. Griess, ELISA, real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence assays were used to detect the regulation of α-syn-induced inflammatory signaling, cytokine secretion, and lysosome-dependent degradation. Results α-syn selectively interacted with mGluR5 but not mGluR3, and α-syn N terminal deletion region was essential for binding to mGluR5 in co-transfected HEK293T cells. The interaction between these two proteins was further detected in BV2 microglia, which was inhibited by the mGluR5 specific agonist CHPG without effect by its selective antagonist MTEP. Moreover, in both BV2 cells and primary microglia, activation of mGluR5 by CHPG partially inhibited α-syn-induced inflammatory signaling and cytokine secretion and also inhibited the microglia activation to protect from neurotoxicity. We further found that α-syn overexpression decreased mGluR5 expression via a lysosomal pathway, as evidenced by the lysosomal inhibitor, NH4Cl, by blocking mGluR5 degradation, which was not evident with the proteasome inhibitor, MG132. Additionally, co-localization of mGluR5 with α-syn was detected in lysosomes as merging with its marker, LAMP-1. Consistently, in vivo experiments with LPS- or AAV-α-syn-induced rat PD model also confirmed that α-syn accelerated lysosome-dependent degradation of mGluR5 involving a complex, to regulate neuroinflammation. Importantly, the binding is strengthened with LPS or α-syn overexpression but alleviated by urate, a potential clinical biomarker for PD. Conclusions These findings provided evidence for a novel mechanism by which the association of α-syn with mGluR5 was attributed to α-syn-induced microglia activation via modulation of mGluR5 degradation and its intracellular signaling. This may be a new molecular target for an effective therapeutic strategy for PD pathology. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-021-02079-1.
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Zhang JN, Huang YL, Yang HM, Wang Y, Gu L, Zhang H. Blockade of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 attenuates axonal degeneration in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced model of Parkinson's disease. Mol Cell Neurosci 2020; 110:103572. [PMID: 33248235 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2020.103572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there are numerous strategies to counteract the death of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD), there are currently no treatments that delay or prevent the disease course, indicating that early protective treatments are needed. Targeting axonal degeneration, a key initiating event in PD, is required to develop novel therapies; however, its underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we studied axonal degeneration induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in vitro and in vivo. We found that metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) expression increased during 6-OHDA-induced axonal degeneration in primary neurons and that blockade of mGluR5 by its antagonists 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine (MPEP) and 3-[(2-methyl-1, 3-thiazol-4-yl) ethynyl]-pyridine (MTEP) almost completely attenuated the degenerative process in vitro. Furthermore, a rapid increase in intra-axonal calcium levels following 6-OHDA treatment was visualized using a calcium-sensitive fluorescence probe and a calcium chelator prevented the axonal degenerative process induced by 6-OHDA in vitro, whereas application of the mGluR5 antagonist MPEP partially attenuated the increase in intra-axonal calcium. The screening of calcium targets revealed that calpain activation and an increase in phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) were calcium dependent during 6-OHDA-induced axonal degeneration in vitro. Consistent with these in vitro findings, blockade of mGluR5 with MPEP attenuated the degeneration of dopaminergic axons induced by 6-OHDA injection into the striatum prior to soma death in the early stage of PD in an in vivo animal model. In addition, MPEP inhibited the increase in mGluR5 expression levels, calpain activation and the elevation of p-ERK in the striatum triggered by 6-OHDA injection in vivo. Taken together, these data identify an mGluR5-calcium-dependent cascade that causes axonal degeneration, and suggest that mGluR5 antagonists could provide effective therapy to prevent the disease process of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yan-Lin Huang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hui-Min Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Li Gu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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Perl S, Richter F, Richter A. Striatal and cortical metabotropic glutamate 5 receptor expression and behavioral effects of the positive allosteric modulator CDPPB in a model of DYT1 dystonia. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2020; 196:172977. [PMID: 32615137 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2020.172977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The metabotropic glutamate 5 (mGlu5) receptor is critically involved in corticostriatal plasticity which is disturbed in various animal models of dystonia. Recently, the positive allosteric modulator 3-cyano-N-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzamide (CDPPB) exerted prodyskinetic effects in a phenotypic model of episodic dystonia. In the DYT1 knock-in (KI) mouse, a model for a persistent type of dystonia, previous ex vivo electrophysiological experiments indicated that mGlu5 receptors are involved in abnormal striatal plasticity. Therefore, in the present study we examined the mGlu5 receptor expression in the striatum and cortex of DYT1 KI mice in comparison with wildtype littermates. By immunohistochemistry (IHC) we found a lower expression of mGlu5 receptors in the cortex (16%) and ventral striatum (10%) but not in the whole striatum of DYT1 KI mice, while mRNA levels were merely lower in the striatum of DYT1 KI mice (43%). However, mGlu5 receptor protein levels measured by western blotting showed no significant differences in tissue of the whole striatum and in the cortex between both genotypes. Since DYT1 KI mice do not exhibit dystonic symptoms, we investigated if CDPPB provokes dystonia or dyskinesia. CDPPB (10, 20 and 30 mg/kg intraperitoneal, i.p.) did not induce abnormal movements and the locomotor activity did not differ between DYT1 KI and wildtype mice. The present data do not provide evidence for a crucial role of the mGlu5 receptor in the pathophysiology of DYT1 dystonia, but corticostriatal changes are in line with the hypothesis of maladaptive plasticity in dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Perl
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Franziska Richter
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Angelika Richter
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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Rahman MS, Yang J, Luan Y, Qiu Z, Zhang J, Lu H, Chen X, Liu Y. Attenuation of Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage-Induced Microglial Activation and Neuronal Death Mediated by the Blockade of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 In Vivo. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:1230-1243. [PMID: 32140955 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03006-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The activation of microglia in response to intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke is one of the principal components of the progression of this disease. It results in the formation of pro-inflammatory cytokines that lead to neuronal death, a structural deterioration that, in turn interferes with functional recovery. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) is highly expressed in reactive microglia and is involved in the pathological processes of brain disorders, but its role in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains unknown. We hypothesized that mGluR5 regulates microglial activation and ICH maintenance. In this study, collagenase-induced ICH mice received a single intraperitoneal injection of the mGluR5 antagonist-, MTEP, or vehicle 2 h after injury. We found that acute ICH upregulated mGluR5 and microglial activation. mGluR5 was highly localized in reactive microglia in the peri-hematomal cortex and striatum on days 3 and 7 post-ICH. The MTEP-mediated pharmacological inhibition of mGluR5 in vivo resulted in the substantial attenuation of acute microglial activation and IL-6, and TNF-α release. We also showed that the blockade of mGluR5 markedly reduced cell apoptosis, and neurodegeneration and markedly elevated neuroprotection. Furthermore, the MTEP-mediated inhibition of mGluR5 significantly reduced the lesion volume and improved functional recovery. Taken together, our results demonstrate that ICH injury enhances mGluR5 expression in the acute and subacute stages and that mGluR5 is highly localized in reactive microglia. The blockade of mGluR5 reduces ICH-induced acute microglial activation, provides neuroprotection and promotes neurofunctional recovery after ICH. The inhibition of mGluR5 may be a relevant therapeutic target for intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Saidur Rahman
- Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Department of Anatomy and Histology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Jianbo Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Luan
- Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengguo Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianshui Zhang
- Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Haixia Lu
- Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinlin Chen
- Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong Liu
- Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Huang M, Pu S, Jiang W, Worley PF, Xu T. Deficiency of SHANK3 isoforms impairs thermal hyperalgesia and dysregulates the expression of postsynaptic proteins in the spinal cord. Neurosci Res 2020; 163:26-33. [PMID: 32147472 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
SHANK3 is one of the scaffolding proteins in the postsynaptic density (PSD). Pain perception and underlying mechanisms were investigated in Shank3 exon 21 deficient (Shank3△C) mice. Sixty-six mice were attributed according to their genotype to three groups: (1) wild-type (WT), (2) heterozygous Shank3△C/+, and (3) homozygous Shank3△C/△C. Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) was used to induce inflammatory pain, and thermal hyperalgesia was determined. CFA treatment reduced the thermal threshold in the WT group; groups expressing mutations of Shank3 (△C/+ and △C/△C) had higher thresholds after CFA administration compared to the WT group. Mice with Shank3 mutations (△C/+ or △C/△C) had a lower expression of GluN2A and IP3R proteins and a higher expression of mGluR5 protein in the PSD compared to WT mice without changes in GluN1, GluN2B, and Homer expression. The crosslinking of Homer-IP3R, but not Homer-mGluR5, was decreased in the total lysate. Deficit of Shank3 exon 21 may lead to impaired perception of thermal pain in mice under inflammatory conditions. This impairment may result from protein dysregulation in the PSD like downregulation of the GluN2A subunit, which may reduce NMDAR-mediated currents, and/or decreased crosslinking between Homer and IP3R, which may reduce the release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Shaofeng Pu
- Pain Management Center, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Paul F Worley
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Tongzhou People's Hospital, Nantong 226300, China.
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16
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Miller CK, Krentzel AA, Patisaul HB, Meitzen J. Metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGlu 5) is necessary for estradiol mitigation of light-induced anxiety behavior in female rats. Physiol Behav 2019; 214:112770. [PMID: 31830486 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety-related behaviors are influenced by steroid hormones such as 17β-estradiol and environmental stimuli such as acute stressors. For example, rats exhibit increased anxiety-related behaviors in the presence, but not the absence, of light. In females, estradiol potentially mitigates these effects. Experiments across behavioral paradigms and brain regions indicate that estradiol action can be mediated via activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors, including Group I subtype five (mGlu5). mGlu5 has been implicated in mediating estradiol's effects upon psychostimulant-induced behaviors, dopamine release and neuron phenotype in striatal regions. Whether estradiol activation of mGlu5 modulates anxiety or locomotor behavior in the absence of psychostimulants is unknown. Here we test if mGlu5 is necessary for estradiol mitigation of light-induced acute anxiety and locomotor behaviors. Ovariectomized adult female rats were pre-treated with either the mGlu5 antagonist MPEP or saline before estradiol or oil treatment. Anxiety and locomotor behaviors were assessed in the presence or absence of white light to induce high and low acute anxiety behavior phenotypes, respectively. In the presence of white light, estradiol treatment mitigated light-induced anxiety-related behaviors but not overall locomotor activity. MPEP treatment blocked estradiol effects upon light-induced anxiety-related behaviors but did not affect overall locomotor activity. In the absence of white light, estradiol or MPEP treatment did not influence anxiety-related behaviors or locomotor activity, consistent with a low anxiety phenotype. These novel findings indicate that mGlu5 activation is necessary for estradiol mitigation of anxiety-related behaviors induced by an acute stressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana K Miller
- Graduate Program in Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; W.M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| | - Amanda A Krentzel
- W.M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Heather B Patisaul
- W.M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - John Meitzen
- W.M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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17
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Varnäs K, Cselényi Z, Arakawa R, Nag S, Stepanov V, Moein MM, Johnström P, Kingston L, Elmore CS, Halldin C, Farde L. The pro-psychotic metabotropic glutamate receptor compounds fenobam and AZD9272 share binding sites with monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors in humans. Neuropharmacology 2020; 162:107809. [PMID: 31589885 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) ligands fenobam and AZD9272 have been reported to induce psychosis-like adverse events and to bind at unknown, non-GluR5-related, sites. Based on similarities of the regional binding patterns for [11C]AZD9272 and the monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) radioligand [11C]L-deprenyl-D2 in PET studies of the human brain we tested the hypothesis that the unique binding of fenobam and AZD9272 may represent specific binding to the MAO-B. PET data previously acquired for subjects examined using [11C]AZD9272 or [11C]L-deprenyl-D2 were re-evaluated to assess the correlations between radioligand binding parameters in human brain. In addition, the pharmacology of AZD9272 binding sites was characterized using competition binding studies carried out in vivo in non-human primates (NHPs) and in vitro using autoradiography in selected human brain regions. The regional binding of [11C]AZD9272 in human brain was closely correlated with that of [11C]L-deprenyl-D2. In PET studies of NHP brain administration of the MAO-B ligand L-deprenyl inhibited binding of radiolabeled AZD9272 and administration of fenobam inhibited binding of [11C]L-deprenyl-D2. Binding of radiolabeled AZD9272 in vitro was potently inhibited by fenobam or MAO-B compounds, and [11C]L-deprenyl-D2 binding was inhibited by fenobam or AZD9272. The findings are consistent with the hypothesis that both fenobam and AZD9272 bind to the MAO-B, which may be of relevance for understanding the mechanism of the psychosis-like adverse events reported for these compounds. Such understanding may serve as a lead to generate new models for the pathophysiology of psychosis.
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18
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Orgován Z, Ferenczy GG, Keserű GM. The role of water and protein flexibility in the structure-based virtual screening of allosteric GPCR modulators: an mGlu 5 receptor case study. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2019; 33:787-797. [PMID: 31542869 PMCID: PMC6825653 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-019-00224-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Stabilizing unique receptor conformations, allosteric modulators of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) might open novel treatment options due to their new pharmacological action, their enhanced specificity and selectivity in both binding and signaling. Ligand binding occurs at intrahelical allosteric sites and involves significant induced fit effects that include conformational changes in the local protein environment and water networks. Based on the analysis of available crystal structures of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu5) we investigated these effects in the binding of mGlu5 receptor negative allosteric modulators. A large set of retrospective virtual screens revealed that the use of multiple protein structures and the inclusion of selected water molecules improves virtual screening performance compared to conventional docking strategies. The role of water molecules and protein flexibility in ligand binding can be taken into account efficiently by the proposed docking protocol that provided reasonable enrichment of true positives. This protocol is expected to be useful also for identifying intrahelical allosteric modulators for other GPCR targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Orgován
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt. 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - György G Ferenczy
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt. 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - György M Keserű
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt. 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary.
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19
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Youn DH, Weon H. Endogenous TRPC channels mediate Ca 2+ signals and trigeminal synaptic plasticity induced by mGluR5. Life Sci 2019; 231:116567. [PMID: 31202839 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5), a member of group I mGluR, exerts its effect via elevation of intracellular Ca2+ level. We here characterized Ca2+ signals in the tsA201 cells transfected with mGluR5 and investigated the role of passages for mGluR5-induced Ca2+ signals in synaptic plasticity. MAIN METHODS Using a genetically encoded Ca2+ indicator, GCamp2, Ca2+ signals were reliably induced by bath application of (S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine, the group I mGluR agonist, in the tsA201 cells transfected with mGluR5. Using whole-cell recordings in the substantia gelatinosa (SG) neurons of the spinal trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc), excitatory postsynaptic currents were recorded by stimulating the trigeminal tract. KEY FINDINGS Ca2+ signals were mediated by "classical" or "canonical" transient receptor potential (TRPC) channels, particularly TRPC1/3/4/6, but not TRPC5, naturally existing in the tsA201 cells. Interestingly, the induction of Ca2+ signals was independent of the phospholipase C signaling pathway; instead, it critically involves the cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose/ryanodine receptor-dependent signaling pathway and only partially protein kinase C. On the other hand, both TRPC3 and TRPC4 mediated mGluR1/5-induced long-lasting potentiation of excitatory synaptic transmission from the trigeminal primary afferents to the SG neurons of the Vc. SIGNIFICANCE This study demonstrates that endogenous TRPC channels contribute to mGluR5-induced Ca2+ signals in tsA201 cells and synaptic plasticity at excitatory synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ho Youn
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 2177, Dalgubeol-daero, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41940, Republic of Korea.
| | - Haein Weon
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 2177, Dalgubeol-daero, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41940, Republic of Korea
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20
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Pourmirbabaei S, Dolatshahi M, Rahmani F. Pathophysiological clues to therapeutic applications of glutamate mGlu5 receptor antagonists in levodopa-induced dyskinesia. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 855:149-159. [PMID: 31063776 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Levodopa remains to be the mainstay for treatment of Parkinson disease (PD). Long-term levodopa treatment bears a risk for developing levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). LID significantly overshadows patients' quality of life and therapeutic efficacy of levodopa. Pre- and post-synaptic changes in dopamine secretion and signaling, along with altered glutamate receptor expression and glutamatergic signaling in striatal neurons, and the resulting disinhibition-like changes in the corticostriatal circuitry, lead to aberrant activity of motor cortex and formation of LID. Research has highlighted the role of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors especially the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu5) in formation of LID through potentiating of ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptors and dopamine D1/D5 receptors in direct pathway. Accordingly, MTEP and MPEP were the first mGlu5 receptor antagonists which were shown to attenuate LID in animal models through suppression of downstream signaling cascades involving mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and FosB/delta FosB activation, as well as modulation of prodynorphinegic, preproenkephalinergic, and GABA-ergic neurotransmission systems. Beneficial effects of other mGlu5 receptor antagonists such as AFQ056/mavoglurant and ADX48621/dipraglurant in amelioration of LID has been shown not only in animal models but also in clinical trials. Considering the presence of mGlu receptor dysregulation in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder and depression, which are prodromal signs of PD, along with the neuroprotective effects of mGlu receptor antagonists, and their cognitive benefits, potential effectiveness of mGlu receptor antagonists in early prevention of PD remains to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayan Pourmirbabaei
- Student's Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; NeuroImaging Network (NIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Dolatshahi
- Student's Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; NeuroImaging Network (NIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Rahmani
- Student's Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; NeuroImaging Network (NIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
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21
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Sengmany K, Hellyer SD, Albold S, Wang T, Conn PJ, May LT, Christopoulos A, Leach K, Gregory KJ. Kinetic and system bias as drivers of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 allosteric modulator pharmacology. Neuropharmacology 2019; 149:83-96. [PMID: 30763654 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Allosteric modulators of the metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGlu5) have been proposed as potential therapies for various CNS disorders. These ligands bind to sites distinct from the orthosteric (or endogenous) ligand, often with improved subtype selectivity and spatio-temporal control over receptor responses. We recently revealed that mGlu5 allosteric agonists and positive allosteric modulators exhibit biased agonism and/or modulation. To establish whether negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) engender similar bias, we rigorously characterized the pharmacology of eight diverse mGlu5 NAMs. Radioligand inhibition binding studies revealed novel modes of interaction with mGlu5 for select NAMs, with biphasic or incomplete inhibition of the radiolabeled NAM, [3H]methoxy-PEPy. We assessed mGlu5-mediated intracellular Ca2+ (iCa2+) mobilization and inositol phosphate (IP1) accumulation in HEK293A cells stably expressing low levels of mGlu5 (HEK293A-rat mGlu5-low) and mouse embryonic cortical neurons. The apparent affinity of acetylenic NAMs, MPEP, MTEP and dipraglurant, was dependent on the signaling pathway measured, agonist used, and cell type (HEK293A-rat mGlu5-low versus mouse cortical neurons). In contrast, the acetylenic partial NAM, M-5MPEP, and structurally distinct NAMs (VU0366248, VU0366058, fenobam), had similar affinity estimates irrespective of the assay or cellular background. Biased modulation was evident for VU0366248 in mouse cortical neurons where it was a NAM for DHPG-mediated iCa2+ mobilization, but neutral with DHPG in IP1 accumulation assays. Overall, this study highlights the inherent complexity in mGlu5 NAM pharmacology that we hypothesize may influence interpretation when translating into preclinical models and beyond in the design and development of novel therapeutics for neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Sengmany
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Shane D Hellyer
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sabine Albold
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Taide Wang
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lauren T May
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Arthur Christopoulos
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Katie Leach
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Karen J Gregory
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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22
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Hanak TJ, Libbey JE, Doty DJ, Sim JT, DePaula-Silva AB, Fujinami RS. Positive modulation of mGluR5 attenuates seizures and reduces TNF-α + macrophages and microglia in the brain in a murine model of virus-induced temporal lobe epilepsy. Exp Neurol 2018; 311:194-204. [PMID: 30316834 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Viral encephalitis markedly increases the risk for the development of epilepsy. The Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV)-induced model of seizures/epilepsy is a murine model of both viral-induced seizures/epilepsy and human Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. The inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α have been shown to play a role in seizure development in the TMEV-induced model of seizures/epilepsy, and infiltrating macrophages along with microglia have been shown to be major producers of these cytokines. The metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) is a G-protein coupled receptor that has been shown to reduce IL-6 and TNF-α and to provide neuroprotection in other disease models. Therefore, we hypothesized that stimulation of mGluR5 would not only reduce seizures but attenuate IL-6 and TNF-α production in microglia and macrophages in the TMEV model. We found that pharmacological stimulation of mGluR5 with the selective positive allosteric modulator VU0360172 not only reduced acute seizure outcomes, but also reduced the percent of microglia and macrophages producing TNF-α 3 days post infection. Furthermore, treatment with VU0360172 did not alter the level of viral antigen, compared to controls, showing that this treatment does not compromise viral clearance. These results establish that mGluR5 may represent a therapeutic target in the TMEV-induced model of seizures/epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Hanak
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East, 2600 EEJMRB, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Interdepartmental Program in Neuroscience, University of Utah, 20 South 2030 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jane E Libbey
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East, 2600 EEJMRB, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Daniel J Doty
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East, 2600 EEJMRB, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jordan T Sim
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East, 2600 EEJMRB, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Ana Beatriz DePaula-Silva
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East, 2600 EEJMRB, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Robert S Fujinami
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East, 2600 EEJMRB, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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23
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Huang YY, Zhang Q, Zhang JN, Zhang YN, Gu L, Yang HM, Xia N, Wang XM, Zhang H. Triptolide up-regulates metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 to inhibit microglia activation in the lipopolysaccharide-induced model of Parkinson's disease. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 71:93-107. [PMID: 29649522 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGlu)5 regulates microglia activation, which contributes to inflammation. However, the role of mGlu5 in neuroinflammation associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) remains unclear. Triptolide (T10) exerts potent immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects and protects neurons by inhibiting microglia activation. In this study, we investigated the role of mGlu5 in the anti-inflammatory effect of T10 in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced PD model. In cultured BV2 cells and primary microglia, blocking mGlu5 activity or knocking down its expression abolished T10-inhibited release of proinflammatory cytokines induced by LPS. Moreover, T10 up-regulated mGlu5 expression decreased by LPS through enhancing mRNA expression and protein stability. T10 also reversed the reduction in mGlu5 membrane localization and modulated receptor-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase activity induced by LPS. Pharmacological inhibition of signaling molecules increased nitric oxide level and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin (IL)-1β and -6 transcript levels that were downregulated by treatment with T10. Consistent with these in vitro findings, blocking mGlu5 attenuated the anti-inflammatory effects of T10 in an LPS-induced PD model and blocked the decreases in the number and morphology of ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1-positive microglia and LPS-induced iNOS protein expression caused by T10 treatment. Besides, mGlu5 mediated the effect of T10 on microglia-induced astrocyte activation in vitro and in vivo. The findings provide evidence for a novel mechanism by which mGlu5 regulates T10-inhibited microglia activation via modulating protein expression of the receptor and its intracellular signaling. The study might contribute to the biological effects of Chinese herbs as an approach for protecting against neurotoxicity in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ying Huang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jian-Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Li Gu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hui-Min Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ning Xia
- Burke Medical Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, White Plains, NY, 10605, USA
| | - Xiao-Min Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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24
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Fu T, Zheng G, Tu G, Yang F, Chen Y, Yao X, Li X, Xue W, Zhu F. Exploring the Binding Mechanism of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 Negative Allosteric Modulators in Clinical Trials by Molecular Dynamics Simulations. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018. [PMID: 29522307 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu5) plays a key role in synaptic information storage and memory, which is a well-known target for a variety of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. In recent years, the increasing efforts have been focused on the design of allosteric modulators, and the negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) are the front-runners. Recently, the architecture of the transmembrane (TM) domain of mGlu5 receptor has been determined by crystallographic experiment. However, it has been not well understood how the pharmacophores of NAMs accommodated into the allosteric binding site. In this study, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed on mGlu5 receptor bound with NAMs in preclinical or clinical development to shed light on this issue. In order to identify the key residues, the binding free energies as well as per-residue contributions for NAMs binding to mGlu5 receptor were calculated. Subsequently, the in silico site-directed mutagenesis of the key residues was performed to verify the accuracy of simulation models. As a result, the shared common features of the studied 5 clinically important NAMs (mavoglurant, dipraglurant, basimglurant, STX107, and fenobam) interacting with 11 residues in allosteric site were obtained. This comprehensive study presented a better understanding of mGlu5 receptor NAMs binding mechanism, which would be further used as a useful framework to assess and discover novel lead scaffolds for NAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Fu
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Guoxun Zheng
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Gao Tu
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fengyuan Yang
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuzong Chen
- Bioinformatics and Drug Design Group, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Xiaojun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weiwei Xue
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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25
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Varnäs K, Juréus A, Finnema SJ, Johnström P, Raboisson P, Amini N, Takano A, Stepanov V, Halldin C, Farde L. The metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 radioligand [ 11C]AZD9272 identifies unique binding sites in primate brain. Neuropharmacology 2018; 135:455-463. [PMID: 29608920 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) is a target for drug development and for imaging studies of the glutamate system in neurological and psychiatric disorders. [11C]AZD9272 is a selective mGluR5 PET radioligand that is structurally different from hitherto applied mGluR5 radioligands. In the present investigation we compared the binding patterns of radiolabeled AZD9272 and other mGluR5 radioligands in the non-human primate (NHP) brain. PET studies were undertaken using [11C]AZD9272 and the commonly applied mGluR5 radioligand [11C]ABP688. Autoradiography studies were performed in vitro using [3H]AZD9272 and the standard mGluR5 radioligands [3H]M-MTEP and [3H]ABP688 in NHP tissue. Competition binding studies were undertaken in vivo and in vitro using different mGluR5 selective compounds as inhibitors. In comparison to other mGluR5 radioligands radiolabeled AZD9272 displayed a distinct regional distribution pattern with high binding in ventral striatum, midbrain, thalamus and cerebellum. While the binding of [11C]AZD9272 was almost completely inhibited by the structurally unique mGluR5 compound fenobam (2.0 mg/kg; 98% occupancy), it was only partially inhibited (46% and 20%, respectively) by the mGluR5 selective compounds ABP688 and MTEP, at a dose (2.0 mg/kg) expected to saturate the mGluR5. Autoradiography studies using [3H]AZD9272 confirmed a distinct pharmacologic profile characterized by preferential sensitivity to fenobam. The distinctive binding in ventral striato-pallido-thalamic circuits and shared pharmacologic profile with the pro-psychotic compound fenobam warrants further examination of [11C]AZD9272 for potential application in psychiatric neuroimaging studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Varnäs
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | - Sjoerd J Finnema
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Johnström
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden; PET Science Centre, Precision Medicine and Genomics, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | | | - Nahid Amini
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Akihiro Takano
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Stepanov
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christer Halldin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Farde
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden; PET Science Centre, Precision Medicine and Genomics, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
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26
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Bai XX, Gu L, Yang HM, Xi SS, Xia N, Zhang S, Zhang H. Downregulation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 inhibits hepatoma development in a neurotoxin rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease model. Toxicol Lett 2018; 288:71-81. [PMID: 29458170 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Clinical epidemiological studies have shown that there is a link between Parkinson's disease (PD) and cancer, but how PD regulates cancer development remains unknown. In our study, the effect of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu5) on hepatoma was explored in a rotenone-induced PD model both in vitro and in vivo. We found that conditioned media derived from MN9D dopaminergic neuronal cells by rotenone-induced toxicity inhibited the growth, migration, invasion and promoted apoptosis of Hepa1-6 cells, which corresponded with decreased expression of mGlu5. Furthermore, treatment with 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine (MPEP), a mGlu5 antagonist and knockdown of mGlu5, further reduced ATP levels and migration distance, and increased cleavage of caspase-3 in Hepa1-6 cells. Additionally, we found that conditioned media derived from rotenone-treated MN9D dopaminergic neuronal cells enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and JNK phosphorylation, which could be further increased by MPEP treatment, and attenuated by mGlu5 agonist, (RS)-2-Chloro-5-hydroxyphenylglycine (CHPG) and ROS scavenger, N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC). The results indicated that down-regulation of mGlu5 promoted cell apoptosis through the intracellular ROS/JNK signaling pathway in a rotenone-induced cellular PD model. These findings were confirmed in vivo in a rotenone-induced rat model of PD combined with diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatoma. Expression of Ki67 was decreased, and the levels of caspase-3 and p-JNK were increased in this model, which was accompanied by a decrease in protein expression of mGlu5. The study suggest that negative regulation of mGlu5 may inhibit hepatoma development in a rotenone-induced PD model, and as such may help with our further understanding of the correlation between PD and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xu Bai
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorder, Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Li Gu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorder, Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hui Min Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorder, Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Shao Song Xi
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorder, Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ning Xia
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorder, Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Song Zhang
- Shanxi Academy of Analytical Science, 030006, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorder, Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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27
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Xi SS, Bai XX, Gu L, Bao LH, Yang HM, An W, Wang XM, Zhang H. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 mediates the suppressive effect of 6-OHDA-induced model of Parkinson's disease on liver cancer. Pharmacol Res 2017; 121:145-157. [PMID: 28455267 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Numerous epidemiological studies suggested that there is a variable cancer risk in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, the role of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) has been investigated in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced PD combined with liver cancer both in vitro and in vivo. We found that PD cellular model from 6-OHDA-lesioned MN9D cells suppressed the growth, migration, and invasion of Hepa1-6 cells via down-regulation of mGluR5-mediated ERK and Akt pathway. The application of 2-methyl-6-(phenylethyl)-pyridine and knockdown of mGluR5 further decreased the effect on Hepa-1-6 cells when co-cultured with conditioned media. The effect was increased by (S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine and overexpression of mGluR5. Moreover, more release of glutamate from 6-OHDA-lesioned MN9D cells suppressed mGluR5-mediated effect of Hepa1-6 cells. Application of riluzole eliminated the increased glutamate release induced by 6-OHDA in MN9D cells and aggravated the suppressive effect on Hepa-1-6 cells. In addition, the growth of implanted liver cancer was inhibited in 6-OHDA induced PD-like rats, and was associated with increased glutamate release in the serum and down-regulation of mGluR5 in tumor tissue. Collectively, these results indicate that selective antagonism of glutamate and mGluR5 has a potentially beneficial effect in both liver cancer and PD, and thus may provide more understanding for the clinical investigation and further an additional therapeutic target for these two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Song Xi
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiao-Xu Bai
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Li Gu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Li-Hui Bao
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hui-Min Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wei An
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiao-Min Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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Zhang D, Qi Y, Klyubin I, Ondrejcak T, Sarell CJ, Cuello AC, Collinge J, Rowan MJ. Targeting glutamatergic and cellular prion protein mechanisms of amyloid β-mediated persistent synaptic plasticity disruption: Longitudinal studies. Neuropharmacology 2017; 121:231-246. [PMID: 28390893 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers are synaptotoxic, inappropriately increasing extracellular glutamate concentration and glutamate receptor activation to thereby rapidly disrupt synaptic plasticity. Thus, acutely promoting brain glutamate homeostasis with a blood-based scavenging system, glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), and blocking metabotropic glutamate 5 (mGlu5) receptor or its co-receptor cellular prion protein (PrP), prevent the acute inhibition of long-term potentiation (LTP) by exogenous Aβ. Here, we evaluated the time course of the effects of such interventions in the persistent disruptive effects of Aβ oligomers, either exogenously injected in wild type rats or endogenously generated in transgenic rats that model Alzheimer's disease amyloidosis. We report that repeated, but not acute, systemic administration of recombinant GOT type 1, with or without the glutamate co-substrate oxaloacetate, reversed the persistent deleterious effect of exogenous Aβ on synaptic plasticity. Moreover, similar repetitive treatment reversibly abrogated the inhibition of LTP monitored longitudinally in freely behaving transgenic rats. Remarkably, brief repeated treatment with an mGlu5 receptor antagonist, basimglurant, or an antibody that prevents Aβ oligomer binding to PrP, ICSM35, also had similar reversible ameliorative effects in the transgenic rat model. Overall, the present findings support the ongoing development of therapeutics for early Alzheimer's disease based on these complementary approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dainan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland; Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Center for Neurological Diseases (NCRC-ND), Beijing, China
| | - Yingjie Qi
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Igor Klyubin
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Tomas Ondrejcak
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Claire J Sarell
- MRC Prion Unit, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - A Claudio Cuello
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - John Collinge
- MRC Prion Unit, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Michael J Rowan
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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Zeleznikow-Johnston A, Burrows EL, Renoir T, Hannan AJ. Environmental enrichment enhances cognitive flexibility in C57BL/6 mice on a touchscreen reversal learning task. Neuropharmacology 2017; 117:219-226. [PMID: 28196627 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental enrichment (EE) is any positive modification of the 'standard housing' (SH) conditions in which laboratory animals are typically held, usually involving increased opportunity for cognitive stimulation and physical activity. EE has been reported to enhance baseline performance of wild-type animals on traditional cognitive behavioural tasks. Recently, touchscreen operant testing chambers have emerged as a way of performing rodent cognitive assays, providing greater reproducibility, translatability and automatability. Cognitive tests in touchscreen chambers are performed over numerous trials and thus experimenters have the power to detect subtle enhancements in performance. We used touchscreens to analyse the effects of EE on reversal learning, visual discrimination and hippocampal-dependent spatial pattern separation and working memory. We hypothesized that EE would enhance the performance of mice on cognitive touchscreen tasks. Our hypothesis was partially supported in that EE induced enhancements in cognitive flexibility as observed in visual discrimination and reversal learning improvements. However, no other significant effects of EE on cognitive performance were observed. EE decreased the activity level of mice in the touchscreen chambers, which may influence the enrichment level of the animals. Although we did not see enhancements on all hypothesized parameters, our testing paradigm is capable of detecting EE-induced improved cognitive flexibility in mice, which has implications for both understanding the mechanisms of EE and improving screening of putative cognitive-enhancing therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Zeleznikow-Johnston
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Emma L Burrows
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Thibault Renoir
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Anthony J Hannan
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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Sengmany K, Singh J, Stewart GD, Conn PJ, Christopoulos A, Gregory KJ. Biased allosteric agonism and modulation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5: Implications for optimizing preclinical neuroscience drug discovery. Neuropharmacology 2017; 115:60-72. [PMID: 27392634 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Allosteric modulators, that exhibit no intrinsic agonist activity, offer the advantage of spatial and temporal fine-tuning of endogenous agonist activity, allowing the potential for increased selectivity, reduced adverse effects and improved clinical outcomes. Some allosteric ligands can differentially activate and/or modulate distinct signaling pathways arising from the same receptor, phenomena referred to as 'biased agonism' and 'biased modulation'. Emerging evidence for CNS disorders with glutamatergic dysfunction suggests the metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGlu5) is a promising target. Current mGlu5 allosteric modulators have largely been classified based on modulation of intracellular calcium (iCa2+) responses to orthosteric agonists alone. We assessed eight mGlu5 allosteric modulators previously classified as mGlu5 PAMs or PAM-agonists representing four distinct chemotypes across multiple measures of receptor activity, to explore their potential for engendering biased agonism and/or modulation. Relative to the reference orthosteric agonist, DHPG, the eight allosteric ligands exhibited distinct biased agonism fingerprints for iCa2+ mobilization, IP1 accumulation and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in HEK293A cells stably expressing mGlu5 and in cortical neuron cultures. VU0424465, DPFE and VU0409551 displayed the most disparate biased signaling fingerprints in both HEK293A cells and cortical neurons that may account for the marked differences observed previously for these ligands in vivo. Select mGlu5 allosteric ligands also showed 'probe dependence' with respect to their cooperativity with different orthosteric agonists, as well as biased modulation for the magnitude of positive cooperativity observed. Unappreciated biased agonism and modulation may contribute to unanticipated effects (both therapeutic and adverse) when translating from recombinant systems to preclinical models. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors, 5 years on'.
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31
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Al-Sweidi S, Morissette M, Di Paolo T. Estrogen receptors modulate striatal metabotropic receptor type 5 in intact and MPTP male mice model of Parkinson's disease. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 161:84-91. [PMID: 26873133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Glutamate is the most important brain excitatory neurotransmitter and glutamate overactivity is well documented in Parkinson's disease (PD). Metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors are reported to interact with membrane estrogen receptors (ERs) and more specifically the mGlu5 receptor subtype. 17β-estradiol and mGlu5 antagonists have neuroprotective effects in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of PD. We previously reported that ERα and ERβ are involved in neuroprotection following MPTP toxicity. The present study investigated the implication of ERs on the mGlu5 receptor adaptive response to MPTP toxicity in the brain of wild type (WT), ER knockout (ERKO)α and ERKOβ male mice. Autoradiography of [(3)H]ABP688 specific binding to striatal mGlu5 receptors showed a dorsal/ventral gradient similar for WT, ERKOα and ERKOβ mice with higher values ventrally. The lateral septum had highest [(3)H]ABP688 specific binding that remained unchanged in all experimental groups. ERKOα and ERKOβ mice had similarly lower striatal [(3)H]ABP688 specific binding than WT mice as measured also by Western blots. MPTP dose-dependently decreased striatal [(3)H]ABP688 specific binding in WT but not in ERKOα and ERKOβ mice; this correlated positively with striatal dopamine concentrations. A 17β-estradiol treatment for 10 days left unchanged striatal [(3)H]ABP688 specific binding of unlesioned mice of the three genotypes. 17β-estradiol treatment for 5 days before MPTP and for 5 days after partially prevented the mGlu5 receptor decrease only in WT MPTP mice and this was associated with higher BDNF striatal contents. These results thus show that in male mice ERs affect striatal mGlu5 receptor levels and their response to MPTP.
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MESH Headings
- 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
- Animals
- Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism
- Corpus Striatum/metabolism
- Corpus Striatum/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Estradiol/metabolism
- Estrogen Receptor alpha/genetics
- Estrogen Receptor alpha/metabolism
- Estrogen Receptor beta/genetics
- Estrogen Receptor beta/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Parkinson Disease, Secondary/genetics
- Parkinson Disease, Secondary/metabolism
- Parkinson Disease, Secondary/pathology
- Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5/analysis
- Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- S Al-Sweidi
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, CHUL, Quebec City, Quebec G1V 4G2, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec G1K 7P4, Canada
| | - M Morissette
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, CHUL, Quebec City, Quebec G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - T Di Paolo
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, CHUL, Quebec City, Quebec G1V 4G2, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec G1K 7P4, Canada.
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Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness that affects almost 1% of the population worldwide. Even though the etiology of schizophrenia is uncertain, it is believed to be a neurodevelopmental disorder that results from a combination of environmental insults and genetic vulnerabilities. Over the past 20 years, there has been a confluence of evidence from many research disciplines pointing to alterations in excitatory signaling, particularly involving hypofunction of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), as a key contributor to the schizophrenia disease process. This review describes the structure-function relationship of the NMDAR channel and how the glycine modulatory site acts as an important regulator of its activity. In addition, this review highlights the genetic, pharmacologic, and biochemical evidence supporting the hypothesis that NMDAR hypofunction contributes to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Finally, this chapter highlights some of the most recent and promising pharmacological strategies that are designed to either, directly or indirectly, augment NMDAR function in an effort to treat the cognitive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia that are not helped by currently available medications.
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Xia N, Zhang Q, Wang ST, Gu L, Yang HM, Liu L, Bakshi R, Yang H, Zhang H. Blockade of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 protects against DNA damage in a rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease model. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 89:567-80. [PMID: 26454081 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate excitotoxicity contributes to the development of Parkinson's disease (PD) and pharmacological blockade of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) has beneficial anti-akinetic effects in animal models of PD; however, the mechanism by which these antagonists alleviate PD symptoms is largely unknown. In our study, the effects of mGluR5 inhibition on DNA damage were investigated in a rotenone-induced model of PD. We first found that the selective mGluR5 antagonist, 2-methyl-6- (phenylethynyl) pyridine, prevented rotenone-induced DNA damage in MN9D dopaminergic neurons through a mechanism involving the downregulation of intracellular calcium release which was associated with a reduction in endoplasmic reticulum stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related mitochondrial dysfunction. Interestingly, the ROS-related mitochondrial dysfunction was accompanied by an increase in expression of the antioxidant protein, Trx2. Treatment of cells with the calcium chelating agent 1,2-bis-(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid or the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine, also reduced rotenone-induced DNA damage, while transfection of a dominant-negative form of Trx2 increased it. In addition, mGluR5 inhibition altered the expression profiles of proteins involved in DNA repair activity. Specifically, the expression of phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK) and CREB, as well as APE1 and Rad51 were elevated after rotenone stimulation and were subsequently downregulated following blockade of mGluR5. These findings were confirmed in vivo in a rotenone-induced rat model of PD. Inhibition of mGluR5 protected against neurotoxicity by mitigating oxidative stress-related DNA damage associated with 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine production and also reduced p-ERK activity and Trx2 expression. These findings provide a novel link between mGluR5 and DNA damage in a model of PD, and reveal a potential mechanism by which mGluR5 mediates DNA damage in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xia
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Shu Ting Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Li Gu
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hui Min Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Rachit Bakshi
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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Matosin N, Fernandez-Enright F, Lum JS, Newell KA. Shifting towards a model of mGluR5 dysregulation in schizophrenia: Consequences for future schizophrenia treatment. Neuropharmacology 2017; 115:73-91. [PMID: 26349010 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5), encoded by the GRM5 gene, represents a compelling novel drug target for the treatment of schizophrenia. mGluR5 is a postsynaptic G-protein coupled glutamate receptor strongly linked with several critical cellular processes that are reported to be disrupted in schizophrenia. Accordingly, mGluR5 positive allosteric modulators show encouraging therapeutic potential in preclinical schizophrenia models, particularly for the treatment of cognitive dysfunctions against which currently available therapeutics are largely ineffective. More work is required to support the progression of mGluR5-targeting drugs into the clinic for schizophrenia treatment, although some obstacles may be overcome by comprehensively understanding how mGluR5 itself is involved in the neurobiology of the disorder. Several processes that are necessary for the regulation of mGluR5 activity have been identified, but not examined, in the context of schizophrenia. These processes include protein-protein interactions, dimerisation, subcellular trafficking, the impact of genetic variability or mutations on protein function, as well as epigenetic, post-transcriptional and post-translational processes. It is essential to understand these aspects of mGluR5 to determine whether they are affected in schizophrenia pathology, and to assess the consequences of mGluR5 dysfunction for the future use of mGluR5-based drugs. Here, we summarise the known processes that regulate mGluR5 and those that have already been studied in schizophrenia, and discuss the consequences of this dysregulation for current mGluR5 pharmacological strategies. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors, 5 years on'.
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Huang CC, Liang YC, Lee CC, Hsu KS. Cocaine Withdrawal Impairs mGluR5-Dependent Long-Term Depression in Nucleus Accumbens Shell Neurons of Both Direct and Indirect Pathways. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 52:1223-1233. [PMID: 25319571 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8926-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that animals withdrawn from repeated cocaine exposure exhibited a selective deficit in the ability to elicit metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5)-dependent long-term depression (LTD) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell. To determine whether such impairment occurs in the NAc in a cell-type-specific manner, we used bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) transgenic mice expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) under the control of gene regulatory elements for the dopamine D1 receptor (Drd1) or dopamine D2 receptor (Drd2) to identify distinct subpopulations of medium spiny neurons (MSNs). We found that bath application of group I mGluR agonist (S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG) reliably induced LTD in both NAc shell and core MSNs of wild-type, hemizygous Drd1-eGFP, and Drd2-eGFP mice. Confirming our previous results, cocaine withdrawal selectively impaired DHPG-LTD in NAc shell Drd1-expressing direct and Drd2-expressing indirect pathway MSNs. We also found that the expression of DHPG-LTD in NAc MSNs was not affected by the Ca(2+)-permeable α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor antagonist 1-naphthyl acetyl spermine. Furthermore, systemic administration of mGluR5-negative allosteric modulator fenobam before the daily injection of cocaine preserved mGluR5 function and significantly reduced the expression of cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization. These results reveal that withdrawal from repeated cocaine exposure may result in the impairment of NAc mGluR5-LTD in a subregion- but not cell-type-specific manner and suggests that pharmacological antagonism of mGluR5 may represent a potential strategy for reducing cocaine-induced addictive behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Chun Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd., Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ching Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd., Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Che Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd., Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Sen Hsu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd., Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
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Liu X, Liu Y, Zhang J, Zhang W, Sun YE, Gu X, Ma Z. Intrathecal administration of roscovitine prevents remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia and decreases the phosphorylation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor and metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in spinal cord. Brain Res Bull 2014; 106:9-16. [PMID: 24769228 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2014.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) play an important role in nociceptive processing and central sensitization. Our previous study showed that tyrosine phosphorylation of NMDAR subunit 2B (NR2B) at Tyr1472 in spinal dorsal horn contributes to the postoperative hyperalgesia induced by remifentanil. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) has been implicated in synaptic plasticity, learning, memory and pain signaling via regulating the phosphorylation of NMDAR and mGluR5. In the present study, a rat model of postoperative pain was used to investigate the role of Cdk5 in spinal dorsal horn in remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia and the intervention of pretreatment with Cdk5 inhibitor roscovitine. Intraoperative infusion of remifentanil (0.04 mg/kg, subcutaneous) significantly enhanced mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia induced by plantar incision during the postoperative period (each lasting between 2 h and 48 h), which were attenuated by pretreatment with roscovitine. Correlated with the pain behavior changes, Western blotting revealed that there was a significant increase in the expression of Cdk5 and its activator p35/p25, and further the kinase activity of Cdk5 in spinal dorsal horn after intraoperative infusion of remifentanil. The phosphorylation of NR2A at Ser1232, the phosphorylation of NR2B at Tyr1472 and the phosphorylation of mGluR5 at Ser1167 were also significantly up-regulated. Furthermore, these increases were attenuated by pretreatment with roscovitine. These results suggested that Cdk5 may contribute to remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia via regulating the phosphorylation of NMDAR and mGluR5 in spinal dorsal horn. These findings provide experimental evidence for the further application of Cdk5 inhibitor in preventing remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu-E Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaoping Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Zhengliang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Iderberg H, Rylander D, Bimpisidis Z, Cenci MA. Modulating mGluR5 and 5-HT1A/1B receptors to treat l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia: effects of combined treatment and possible mechanisms of action. Exp Neurol 2013; 250:116-24. [PMID: 24029003 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Revised: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) is a major complication of the pharmacotherapy of Parkinson's disease. Emerging approaches to the treatment of LID include negative modulation of metabotropic glutamate receptor type 5 (mGluR5) and positive modulation of serotonin receptors 5-HT1A/1B. We set out to compare the efficacy of these two approaches in alleviating the dyskinesias induced by either l-DOPA or a D1 receptor agonist. Rats with unilateral 6-OHDA lesions were treated chronically with either l-DOPA or the selective D1-class receptor agonist SKF38393 to induce abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs). Rats with stable AIM scores received challenge doses of the mGluR5 antagonist, MTEP (2.5 and 5mg/kg), or the 5-HT1A/1B agonists 8-OH-DPAT/CP94253 (0.035/0.75 and 0.05/1.0mg/kg). Treatments were given either alone or in combination. In agreement with previous studies, 5mg/kg MTEP and 0.05/1.0mg/kg 8-OH-DPAT/CP94253 significantly reduced l-DOPA-induced AIM scores. The two treatments in combination achieved a significantly greater effect than each treatment alone. Moreover, a significant attenuation of l-DOPA-induced AIM scores was achieved when combining doses of MTEP (2.5mg/kg) and 8-OH-DPAT/CP94253 (0.035/0.75mg/kg) that did not have a significant effect if given alone. SKF38393-induced AIM scores were reduced by MTEP at both doses tested, but not by 8-OH-DPAT/CP94253. The differential efficacy of MTEP and 8-OH-DPAT/CP94253 in reducing l-DOPA- versus SKF38393-induced dyskinesia indicates that these treatments have different mechanisms of action. This contention is supported by the efficacy of subthreshold doses of these compounds in reducing l-DOPA-induced AIMs. Combining negative modulators of mGluR5 with positive modulators of 5-HT1A/1B receptors may therefore achieve greater than additive antidyskinetic effects and reduce the dose requirement for these drugs in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Iderberg
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, BMC F11, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.
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