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Pan K, Huang X, Jia X. SPARC promotes pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and migration through autocrine secretion into the extracellular milieu. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:485. [PMID: 33968201 PMCID: PMC8100956 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
SPARC is a secreted glycoprotein that plays a complex and multifaceted role in tumour formation and progression. However, whether SPARC is an oncogene or a tumour suppressor is still unclear. Moreover, SPARC demonstrates potential in clinical pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) treatment, although it has been identified as an oncogene in some studies and a tumor suppressor in others. In the present study, a pan-cancer analysis of SPARC was carried out using The Cancer genome Atlas data, which demonstrated that SPARC was an oncogene in most cancer types and a cancer suppressor in others. In addition, SPARC expression was significantly upregulated in PAAD and associated with poor prognosis. SPARC also promoted the proliferation and migration of PANC-1 and SW1990 cell lines in vitro. SPARC was detected in the culture supernatant of PAAD cells and pancreatic acinar AR42J cells. SPARC regulated PAAD cell proliferation only when secreted into the extracellular milieu, thus explaining why the prognosis of patients with PAAD is correlated with the SPARC expression of both tumour cells and stromal cells. Collectively, the present findings demonstrated that the function of SPARC was associated with tumour type and that SPARC may represent an important oncogene in PAAD that merits further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehua Pan
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Xince Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Xiufen Jia
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
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Ahluwalia P, Ahluwalia M, Mondal AK, Sahajpal N, Kota V, Rojiani MV, Rojiani AM, Kolhe R. Prognostic and therapeutic implications of extracellular matrix associated gene signature in renal clear cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7561. [PMID: 33828127 PMCID: PMC8026590 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86888-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex interactions in tumor microenvironment between ECM (extra-cellular matrix) and cancer cell plays a central role in the generation of tumor supportive microenvironment. In this study, the expression of ECM-related genes was explored for prognostic and immunological implication in clear cell renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Out of 964 ECM genes, higher expression (z-score > 2) of 35 genes showed significant association with overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). On comparison to normal tissue, 12 genes (NUDT1, SIGLEC1, LRP1, LOXL2, SERPINE1, PLOD3, ZP3, RARRES2, TGM2, COL3A1, ANXA4, and POSTN) showed elevated expression in kidney tumor (n = 523) compared to normal (n = 100). Further, Cox proportional hazard model was utilized to develop 12 genes ECM signature that showed significant association with overall survival in TCGA dataset (HR = 2.45; 95% CI [1.78-3.38]; p < 0.01). This gene signature was further validated in 3 independent datasets from GEO database. Kaplan-Meier log-rank test significantly associated patients with elevated expression of this gene signature with a higher risk of mortality. Further, differential gene expression analysis using DESeq2 and principal component analysis (PCA) identified genes with the highest fold change forming distinct clusters between ECM-rich high-risk and ECM-poor low-risk patients. Geneset enrichment analysis (GSEA) identified significant perturbations in homeostatic kidney functions in the high-risk group. Further, higher infiltration of immunosuppressive T-reg and M2 macrophages was observed in high-risk group patients. The present study has identified a prognostic signature with associated tumor-promoting immune niche with clinical utility in ccRCC. Further exploration of ECM dynamics and validation of this gene signature can assist in design and application of novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Ahluwalia
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Meenakshi Ahluwalia
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Ashis K Mondal
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Nikhil Sahajpal
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Vamsi Kota
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Mumtaz V Rojiani
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Amyn M Rojiani
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Ravindra Kolhe
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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Guo YE, Li Y, Cai B, He Q, Chen G, Wang M, Wang K, Wan X, Yan Q. Phenotyping of immune and endometrial epithelial cells in endometrial carcinomas revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:6565-6591. [PMID: 33429363 PMCID: PMC7993685 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tumors are complex ecosystems harboring multiple cell types which might play a critical role in tumor progression and treatment response. The endometrial epithelial cell identities and immune microenvironment of endometrial carcinoma (ECC) are poorly characterized. In this study, a cellular map of endometrial carcinoma was generated by profiling 30,780 cells isolated from tumor and paratumor tissues from five patients using single-cell RNA sequencing. 7 cell types in lymphocytes, 7 types in myeloid cells and 3 types in endometrial epithelial cells were identified. Distinct CD8+ T cell states and different monocyte-macrophage populations were discovered, among which exhausted CD8+ T cells and macrophages were preferentially enriched in tumor. Both CD8+ T cells and macrophages comport with continuous activation model. Gene expression patterns examination and gene ontology enrichment analysis of endometrial epithelial cells revealed 3 subtypes: stem-like cells, secretory glandular cells and ciliated cells. Overall, our study presents a view of endometrial carcinoma at single-cell resolution that reveals the characteristics of endometrial epithelial cells in the endometrium, and provides a cellular landscape of the tumor immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-E Guo
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiran Li
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bailian Cai
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qizhi He
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guofang Chen
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengfei Wang
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoping Wan
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Yan
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Xi G, Guo W, Kang D, Ma J, Fu F, Qiu L, Zheng L, He J, Fang N, Chen J, Li J, Zhuo S, Liao X, Tu H, Li L, Zhang Q, Wang C, Boppart SA, Chen J. Large-scale tumor-associated collagen signatures identify high-risk breast cancer patients. Theranostics 2021; 11:3229-3243. [PMID: 33537084 PMCID: PMC7847696 DOI: 10.7150/thno.55921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The notion of personalized medicine demands proper prognostic biomarkers to guide the optimal therapy for an invasive breast cancer patient. However, various risk prediction models based on conventional clinicopathological factors and emergent molecular assays have been frequently limited by either a low strength of prognosis or restricted applicability to specific types of patients. Therefore, there is a critical need to develop a strong and general prognosticator. Methods: We observed five large-scale tumor-associated collagen signatures (TACS4-8) obtained by multiphoton microscopy at the invasion front of the breast primary tumor, which contrasted with the three tumor-associated collagen signatures (TACS1-3) discovered by Keely and coworkers at a smaller scale. Highly concordant TACS1-8 classifications were obtained by three independent observers. Using the ridge regression analysis, we obtained a TACS-score for each patient based on the combined TACS1-8 and established a risk prediction model based on the TACS-score. In a blind fashion, consistent retrospective prognosis was obtained from 995 breast cancer patients in both a training cohort (n= 431) and an internal validation cohort (n = 300) collected from one clinical center, and in an external validation cohort (n = 264) collected from a different clinical center. Results: TACS1-8 model alone competed favorably with all reported models in predicting disease-free survival (AUC: 0.838, [0.800-0.872]; 0.827, [0.779-0.868]; 0.807, [0.754-0.853] in the three cohorts) and stratifying low- and high-risk patients (HR 7.032, [4.869-10.158]; 6.846, [4.370-10.726], 4.423, [2.917-6.708]). The combination of these factors with the TACS-score into a nomogram model further improved the prognosis (AUC: 0.865, [0.829-0.896]; 0.861, [0.816-0.898]; 0.854, [0.805-0.894]; HR 7.882, [5.487-11.323]; 9.176, [5.683-14.816], and 5.548, [3.705-8.307]). The nomogram identified 72 of 357 (~20%) patients with unsuccessful 5-year disease-free survival that might have been undertreated postoperatively. Conclusions: The risk prediction model based on TACS1-8 considerably outperforms the contextual clinical model and may thus convince pathologists to pursue a TACS-based breast cancer prognosis. Our methodology identifies a significant portion of patients susceptible to undertreatment (high-risk patients), in contrast to the multigene assays that often strive to mitigate overtreatment. The compatibility of our methodology with standard histology using traditional (non-tissue-microarray) formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections could simplify subsequent clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangqin Xi
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Guo
- Breast Surgery Ward, Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Deyong Kang
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianli Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Fangmeng Fu
- Breast Surgery Ward, Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lida Qiu
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liqin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiajia He
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Na Fang
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Chen
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingtong Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Shuangmu Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxia Liao
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA
| | - Haohua Tu
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA
| | - Lianhuang Li
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qingyuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Breast Surgery Ward, Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Stephen A. Boppart
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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Aasebø E, Birkeland E, Selheim F, Berven F, Brenner AK, Bruserud Ø. The Extracellular Bone Marrow Microenvironment-A Proteomic Comparison of Constitutive Protein Release by In Vitro Cultured Osteoblasts and Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 13:cancers13010062. [PMID: 33379263 PMCID: PMC7795818 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Normal blood cells are formed in the bone marrow by a process called hematopoiesis. This process is supported by a network of non-hematopoietic cells including connective tissue cells, blood vessel cells and bone-forming cells. However, these cells can also support the growth of cancer cells, i.e., hematological malignancies (e.g., leukemias) and cancers that arise in another organ and spread to the bone marrow. Two of these cancer-supporting normal cells are bone-forming osteoblasts and a subset of connective tissue cells called mesenchymal stem cells. One mechanism for their cancer support is the release of proteins that support cancer cell proliferation and progression of the cancer disease. Our present study shows that both these normal cells release a wide range of proteins that support cancer cells, and inhibition of this protein-mediated cancer support may become a new strategy for cancer treatment. Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and osteoblasts are bone marrow stromal cells that contribute to the formation of stem cell niches and support normal hematopoiesis, leukemogenesis and development of metastases from distant cancers. This support is mediated through cell–cell contact, release of soluble mediators and formation of extracellular matrix. By using a proteomic approach, we characterized the protein release by in vitro cultured human MSCs (10 donors) and osteoblasts (nine donors). We identified 1379 molecules released by these cells, including 340 proteins belonging to the GO-term Extracellular matrix. Both cell types released a wide range of functionally heterogeneous proteins including extracellular matrix molecules (especially collagens), several enzymes and especially proteases, cytokines and soluble adhesion molecules, but also several intracellular molecules including chaperones, cytoplasmic mediators, histones and non-histone nuclear molecules. The levels of most proteins did not differ between MSCs and osteoblasts, but 82 proteins were more abundant for MSC (especially extracellular matrix proteins and proteases) and 36 proteins more abundant for osteoblasts. Finally, a large number of exosomal proteins were identified. To conclude, MSCs and osteoblasts show extracellular release of a wide range of functionally diverse proteins, including several extracellular matrix molecules known to support cancer progression (e.g., metastases from distant tumors, increased relapse risk for hematological malignancies), and the large number of identified exosomal proteins suggests that exocytosis is an important mechanism of protein release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Aasebø
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway; (E.A.); (A.K.B.)
| | - Even Birkeland
- The Proteomics Facility of the University of Bergen (PROBE), University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway; (E.B.); (F.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Frode Selheim
- The Proteomics Facility of the University of Bergen (PROBE), University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway; (E.B.); (F.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Frode Berven
- The Proteomics Facility of the University of Bergen (PROBE), University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway; (E.B.); (F.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Annette K. Brenner
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway; (E.A.); (A.K.B.)
| | - Øystein Bruserud
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway; (E.A.); (A.K.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +47-5597-2997
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Differential gene expression in cisplatin-resistant and -sensitive testicular germ cell tumor cell lines. Oncotarget 2020; 11:4735-4753. [PMID: 33473258 PMCID: PMC7771712 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) represent a well curable malignity due to their exceptional response to cisplatin (CDDP). Despite remarkable treatment results, approximately 5% of TGCT patients develop CDDP resistance and die. Exceptional curability makes TGCTs a highly valuable model system for studying the molecular mechanisms of CDDP sensitivity. Our study was aimed at revealing difference in gene expression between the CDDP-resistant and -sensitive TGCT cell lines, and hence at identifying candidate genes that could serve as potential biomarkers of CDDP response. Using gene expression array, we identified 281 genes that are differentially expressed in CDDP-resistant compared to -sensitive TGCT cell lines. The expression of 25 genes with the highest fold change was validated by RT-qPCR. Of them, DNMT3L, GAL, IGFBP2, IGFBP7, L1TD1, NANOG, NTF3, POU5F1, SOX2, WNT6, ZFP42, ID2, PCP4, SLC40A1 and TRIB3, displayed comparable expression change in gene expression array and RT-qPCR, when all CDDP-resistant TGCT cell lines were pairwise combined with all -sensitive ones. Products of the identified genes are pluripotency factors, or are involved in processes, such as cell metabolism, proliferation or migration. We propose that, after clinical validation, these genes could serve as prognostic biomarkers for early detection of CDDP response in TGCT patients.
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Li K, Fan J, Qin X, Wei Q. Novel therapeutic compounds for prostate adenocarcinoma treatment: An analysis using bioinformatic approaches and the CMap database. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23768. [PMID: 33371142 PMCID: PMC7748316 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostate adenocarcinoma is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy, particularly for people >70 years old. The main challenge in the treatment of advanced neoplasm is bone metastasis and therapeutic resistance for known oncology drugs. Novel treatment methods to prolong the survival time and improve the life quality of these specific patients are required. The present study attempted to screen potential therapeutic compounds for the tumor through bioinformatics approaches, in order to provide conceptual treatment for this malignant disease. METHODS Differentially expressed genes were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and submitted into the Connectivity Map database for the detection of potentially associated compounds. Target genes were extracted from the search results. Functional annotation and pathway enrichment were performed for the confirmation. Survival analysis was used to measure potential therapeutic effects. RESULTS It was revealed that 3 compounds (vanoxerine, tolnaftate, and gabexate) may help to prolong the disease-free survival time from tumor metastasis of patients with the tumor. A total of 6 genes [also-keto reductase family 1 member C3 (AKR1C3), collagen type III α 1 chain (COL3A1), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), glucuronidase, β pseudogene 11 (GUSBP11), apolipoprotein E (APOE), and collagen type I α 1 chain (COL1A1)] were identified to be the potential therapeutic targets for the aforementioned compounds. CONCLUSION In the present study, it was speculated that 3 compounds may function as the potential therapeutic drugs of bone metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma; however, further studies verifying vitro and in vivo are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- Departments of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Jingyuan Fan
- Departments of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Xinyi Qin
- Graduate School of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Qingjun Wei
- Departments of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University
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Winkler J, Abisoye-Ogunniyan A, Metcalf KJ, Werb Z. Concepts of extracellular matrix remodelling in tumour progression and metastasis. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5120. [PMID: 33037194 PMCID: PMC7547708 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18794-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 887] [Impact Index Per Article: 221.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissues are dynamically shaped by bidirectional communication between resident cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) through cell-matrix interactions and ECM remodelling. Tumours leverage ECM remodelling to create a microenvironment that promotes tumourigenesis and metastasis. In this review, we focus on how tumour and tumour-associated stromal cells deposit, biochemically and biophysically modify, and degrade tumour-associated ECM. These tumour-driven changes support tumour growth, increase migration of tumour cells, and remodel the ECM in distant organs to allow for metastatic progression. A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of tumourigenic ECM remodelling is crucial for developing therapeutic treatments for patients. Tumors are more than cancer cells — the extracellular matrix is a protein structure that organizes all tissues and is altered in cancer. Here, the authors review recent progress in understanding how the cancer cells and tumor-associated stroma cells remodel the extracellular matrix to drive tumor growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Winkler
- Department of Anatomy, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
| | - Abisola Abisoye-Ogunniyan
- Department of Anatomy, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Kevin J Metcalf
- Department of Anatomy, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Zena Werb
- Department of Anatomy, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
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Targeting Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Anti-Cancer Therapies: Convincing the Traitors to Do the Right Thing. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9103226. [PMID: 33050070 PMCID: PMC7600332 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, it has been well-established that tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells fuel not only the process of carcinogenesis through cancer-related inflammation mechanisms, but also tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. In particular, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most abundant leucocyte subset in many cancers and play a major role in the creation of a protective niche for tumor cells. Their ability to generate an immune-suppressive environment is crucial to escape the immune system and to allow the tumor to proliferate and metastasize to distant sites. Conventional therapies, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy, are often not able to limit cancer growth due to the presence of pro-tumoral TAMs; these are also responsible for the failure of novel immunotherapies based on immune-checkpoint inhibition. Several novel therapeutic strategies have been implemented to deplete TAMs; however, more recent approaches aim to use TAMs themselves as weapons to fight cancer. Exploiting their functional plasticity, the reprogramming of TAMs aims to convert immunosuppressive and pro-tumoral macrophages into immunostimulatory and anti-tumor cytotoxic effector cells. This shift eventually leads to the reconstitution of a reactive immune landscape able to destroy the tumor. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on strategies able to reprogram TAMs with single as well as combination therapies.
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The Basement Membrane in a 3D Breast Acini Model Modulates Delivery and Anti-Proliferative Effects of Liposomal Anthracyclines. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13090256. [PMID: 32961780 PMCID: PMC7558514 DOI: 10.3390/ph13090256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer progression is marked by cancer cell invasion and infiltration, which can be closely linked to sites of tumor-connected basement membrane thinning, lesion, or infiltration. Bad treatment prognosis frequently accompanies lack of markers for targeted therapy, which brings traditional chemotherapy into play, despite its adverse effects like therapy-related toxicities. In the present work, we compared different liposomal formulations for the delivery of two anthracyclines, doxorubicin and aclacinomycin A, to a 2D cell culture and a 3D breast acini model. One formulation was the classical phospholipid liposome with a polyethylene glycol (PEG) layer serving as a stealth coating. The other formulation was fusogenic liposomes, a biocompatible, cationic, three-component system of liposomes able to fuse with the plasma membrane of target cells. For the lysosome entrapment-sensitive doxorubicin, membrane fusion enabled an increased anti-proliferative effect in 2D cell culture by circumventing the endocytic route. In the 3D breast acini model, this process was found to be limited to cells beneath a thinned or compromised basement membrane. In acini with compromised basement membrane, the encapsulation of doxorubicin in fusogenic liposomes increased the anti-proliferative effect of the drug in comparison to a formulation in PEGylated liposomes, while this effect was negligible in the presence of intact basement membranes.
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Jena BC, Das CK, Bharadwaj D, Mandal M. Cancer associated fibroblast mediated chemoresistance: A paradigm shift in understanding the mechanism of tumor progression. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188416. [PMID: 32822826 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
One of the undeniable issues with cancer eradication is the evolution of chemoresistance in due course of treatment, and the mechanisms of chemoresistance have been the subject of extensive research for several years. The efficacy of chemotherapy is hindered by cancer epithelium, mostly in a cell-autonomous mechanism. However, recently the valid experimental evidence showed that the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME) is equivalently responsible for the induction of chemoresistance. Of the verities of cells in the tumor microenvironment, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the major cellular component of TME and act as a key regulator in the acquisition of cancer chemoresistance by providing a protective niche to the cancer cells against the anti-cancer drugs. Moreover, the symbiotic relationship between the tumor and CAFs to obtain key resources such as growth factors and nutrients for optimal tumor growth and proliferation favors the chemoresistance phenotype. Here, in this review, we provide an up-to-date overview of our knowledge of the role of the CAFs in inducing chemoresistance and tumor progression. We also further delineated the emerging events leading to the CAF origins and activation of normal fibroblasts to CAFs. Along with this, we also discuss the novel area of research confined to the CAF targeted therapies of cancer. The identification of CAF-specific markers may allow unveiling new targets and avenues for blunting or reverting the detrimental pro-tumorigenic potential of CAFs in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikash Chandra Jena
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Chandan Kanta Das
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Deblina Bharadwaj
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India.
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62
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Jääskeläinen A, Roininen N, Karihtala P, Jukkola A. High Parity Predicts Poor Outcomes in Patients With Luminal B-Like (HER2 Negative) Early Breast Cancer: A Prospective Finnish Single-Center Study. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1470. [PMID: 32923400 PMCID: PMC7457016 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
While breast cancer prognoses are generally good, different molecular subtypes are known to have varying outcomes. Previous studies using breast cancer registries have suggested that high parity may be an adverse prognostic factor in luminal breast cancer, but breast cancer subtype definitions have varied and there have been few prospective studies. We therefore collected prospective data from patients diagnosed with early breast cancer at a single institution and followed them for a median of 8.5 years. All patients (N = 594) were treated according to Finnish national guidelines using modern treatment modalities in a Finnish university hospital. Clinicopathological surrogates of the intrinsic breast cancer subtypes were updated to match European Society for Medical Oncology 2015 Early Breast Cancer Clinical Practice Guidelines. The overall 10-year breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) was 91.4%, with the longest 10-year BCSS observed in luminal A-like cancers (97.9%) and the worst in luminal B-like (HER2 positive) cancers (80.6%). Parity of ≥ 5 deliveries was also associated with poor BCSS (univariate P = 0.0020). However, when the subtypes were assessed separately in a multivariate analysis that included tumor size and nodal status, high parity remained significant only in luminal B-like (HER2 negative) cancers (HR = 2.63; 95% confidence interval = 1.04-6.62; P = 0.040). Our results suggest excellent overall 10-year BCSS but indicate that high parity is an adverse prognostic factor in luminal B-like (HER2 negative) breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anniina Jääskeläinen
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Nelli Roininen
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Peeter Karihtala
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Arja Jukkola
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Tampere Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
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63
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Arai AL, Migliorini M, Au DT, Hahn-Dantona E, Peeney D, Stetler-Stevenson WG, Muratoglu SC, Strickland DK. High-Affinity Binding of LDL Receptor-Related Protein 1 to Matrix Metalloprotease 1 Requires Protease:Inhibitor Complex Formation. Biochemistry 2020; 59:2922-2933. [PMID: 32702237 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloprotease (MMP) activation contributes to the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), resulting in a multitude of pathologies. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) is a multifaceted endocytic and signaling receptor that is responsible for internalization and lysosomal degradation of diverse proteases, protease inhibitors, and lipoproteins along with numerous other proteins. In this study, we identified MMP-1 as a novel LRP1 ligand. Binding studies employing surface plasmon resonance revealed that both proMMP-1 and active MMP-1 bind to purified LRP1 with equilibrium dissociation constants (KD) of 19 and 25 nM, respectively. We observed that human aortic smooth muscle cells readily internalize and degrade 125I-labeled proMMP-1 in an LRP1-mediated process. Our binding data also revealed that all tissue inhibitors of metalloproteases (TIMPs) bind to LRP1 with KD values ranging from 23 to 33 nM. Interestingly, the MMP-1/TIMP-1 complex bound to LRP1 with an affinity (KD = 0.6 nM) that was 30-fold higher than that of either component alone, revealing that LRP1 prefers the protease:inhibitor complex as a ligand. Of note, modification of lysine residues on either proMMP-1 or TIMP-1 ablated the ability of the MMP-1/TIMP-1 complex to bind to LRP1. LRP1's preferential binding to enzyme:inhibitor complexes was further supported by the higher binding affinity for proMMP-9/TIMP-1 complexes than for either of these two components alone. LRP1 has four clusters of ligand-binding repeats, and MMP-1, TIMP-1, and MMP-1/TIMP-1 complexes bound to cluster III most avidly. Our results reveal an important role for LRP1 in controlling ECM homeostasis by regulating MMP-1 and MMP-9 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - David Peeney
- Extracellular Matrix Pathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - William G Stetler-Stevenson
- Extracellular Matrix Pathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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64
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Mercatelli R, Triulzi T, Pavone FS, Orlandi R, Cicchi R. Collagen ultrastructural symmetry and its malignant alterations in human breast cancer revealed by polarization-resolved second-harmonic generation microscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e202000159. [PMID: 32472568 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Several specific alterations of the extracellular matrix can be considered a distinctive hallmark of cancer. In particular, a different morphology of the collagen scaffold is frequently found within the peritumoural environment. In this study, we report about a significant difference in the ultrastructural organization of collagen at the supra-molecular level between the perilesional scaffold and the tumour area in human breast carcinoma samples. In particular, we demonstrated that polarization-resolved second-harmonic generation (P-SHG) microscopy is able to link the altered collagen architecture at the ultrastructural level found in perilesional tissue with a different organization of collagen fibrils at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Mercatelli
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council (CNR-INO), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Aerospazio Tecnologie s.r.l., Italy
| | - Tiziana Triulzi
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Saverio Pavone
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Rosaria Orlandi
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Cicchi
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council (CNR-INO), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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65
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Bonneau C, Eliès A, Kieffer Y, Bourachot B, Ladoire S, Pelon F, Hequet D, Guinebretière JM, Blanchet C, Vincent-Salomon A, Rouzier R, Mechta-Grigoriou F. A subset of activated fibroblasts is associated with distant relapse in early luminal breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2020; 22:76. [PMID: 32665033 PMCID: PMC7362513 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-01311-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early luminal breast cancer (BC) represents 70% of newly diagnosed BC cases. Among them, small (under 2 cm) BC without lymph node metastasis (classified as T1N0) have been rarely studied, as their prognosis is generally favorable. Nevertheless, up to 5% of luminal T1N0 BC patients relapse with distant metastases that ultimately prove fatal. The aim of our work was to identify the mechanisms involved in metastatic recurrence in these patients. Methods Our study addresses the role that autonomous and non-autonomous tumor cell features play with regard to distant recurrence in early luminal BC patients. We created a cohort of T1N0 luminal BC patients (tumors between 0.5–2 cm without lymph node metastasis) with metastatic recurrence (“cases”) and corresponding “controls” (without relapse) matched 1:1 on main prognostic factors: age, grade, and proliferation. We deciphered different characteristics of cancer cells and their tumor micro-environment (TME) by deep analyses using immunohistochemistry. We performed in vitro functional assays and highlighted a new mechanism of cooperation between cancer cells and one particular subset of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF). Results We found that specific TME features are indicative of relapse in early luminal BC. Indeed, quantitative histological analyses reveal that “cases” are characterized by significant accumulation of a particular CAF subset (CAF-S1) and decrease in CD4+ T lymphocytes, without any other association with immune cells. In multivariate analysis, TME features, in particular CAF-S1 enrichment, remain significantly associated with recurrence, thereby demonstrating their clinical relevance. Finally, by performing functional analyses, we demonstrated that CAF-S1 pro-metastatic activity is mediated by the CDH11/osteoblast cadherin, consistent with bones being a major site of metastases in luminal BC patients. Conclusions This study shows that distant recurrence in T1N0 BC is strongly associated with the presence of CAF-S1 fibroblasts. Moreover, we identify CDH11 as a key player in CAF-S1-mediated pro-metastatic activity. This is independent of tumor cells and represents a new prognostic factor. These results could assist clinicians in identifying luminal BC patients with high risk of relapse. Targeted therapies against CAF-S1 using anti-FAP antibody or CDH11-targeting compounds might help in preventing relapse for such patients with activated stroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Bonneau
- Stress and Cancer Laboratory, Equipe labelisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75005, Paris, France.,Inserm U830, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75005, Paris, France.,Department of Surgery, Institut Curie Hospital Group, 35 rue Dailly, 92210, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Antoine Eliès
- Stress and Cancer Laboratory, Equipe labelisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75005, Paris, France.,Inserm U830, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75005, Paris, France.,Department of Surgery, Institut Curie Hospital Group, 35 rue Dailly, 92210, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Yann Kieffer
- Stress and Cancer Laboratory, Equipe labelisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75005, Paris, France.,Inserm U830, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Bourachot
- Stress and Cancer Laboratory, Equipe labelisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75005, Paris, France.,Inserm U830, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Ladoire
- Inserm U1231, Chemotherapy and immune response, Center Georges François Leclerc, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Floriane Pelon
- Stress and Cancer Laboratory, Equipe labelisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75005, Paris, France.,Inserm U830, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Hequet
- Department of Surgery, Institut Curie Hospital Group, 35 rue Dailly, 92210, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Jean-Marc Guinebretière
- Department of Pathology, Institut Curie Hospital Group, 35 rue Dailly, 92210, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Christophe Blanchet
- Inserm U1231, Chemotherapy and immune response, Center Georges François Leclerc, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Anne Vincent-Salomon
- Department of Pathology, Institut Curie Hospital Group, 26, rue d'Ulm, 75248, Paris, France
| | - Roman Rouzier
- Department of Surgery, Institut Curie Hospital Group, 35 rue Dailly, 92210, Saint-Cloud, France.,Inserm U900, Cancer et génome : bioinformatique, biostatistiques et épidémiologie, Institut Curie, 35 rue Dailly, 92210, Saint-Cloud, France.,UR 7285, Risques cliniques et sécurité en santé des femmes et en santé périnatale, Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines University, 2 avenue de la source de la Bièvre, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Fatima Mechta-Grigoriou
- Stress and Cancer Laboratory, Equipe labelisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75005, Paris, France. .,Inserm U830, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 26, rue d'Ulm, F-75005, Paris, France.
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66
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Pouliquen DL, Boissard A, Coqueret O, Guette C. Biomarkers of tumor invasiveness in proteomics (Review). Int J Oncol 2020; 57:409-432. [PMID: 32468071 PMCID: PMC7307599 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, quantitative proteomics has emerged as an important tool for deciphering the complex molecular events involved in cancers. The number of references involving studies on the cancer metastatic process has doubled since 2010, while the last 5 years have seen the development of novel technologies combining deep proteome coverage capabilities with quantitative consistency and accuracy. To highlight key findings within this huge amount of information, the present review identified a list of tumor invasive biomarkers based on both the literature and data collected on a biocollection of experimental cell lines, tumor models of increasing invasiveness and tumor samples from patients with colorectal or breast cancer. Crossing these different data sources led to 76 proteins of interest out of 1,245 mentioned in the literature. Information on these proteins can potentially be translated into clinical prospects, since they represent potential targets for the development and evaluation of innovative therapies, alone or in combination. Herein, a systematical review of the biology of each of these proteins, including their specific subcellular/extracellular or multiple localizations is presented. Finally, as an important advantage of quantitative proteomics is the ability to provide data on all these molecules simultaneously in cell pellets, body fluids or paraffin‑embedded sections of tumors/invaded tissues, the significance of some of their interconnections is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alice Boissard
- Paul Papin ICO Cancer Center, CRCINA, Inserm, Université d'Angers, F‑44000 Nantes, France
| | | | - Catherine Guette
- Paul Papin ICO Cancer Center, CRCINA, Inserm, Université d'Angers, F‑44000 Nantes, France
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67
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Research progress of tumor microenvironment and tumor-associated macrophages. Clin Transl Oncol 2020; 22:2141-2152. [PMID: 32447645 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a health issue causing utmost concern and continuing to be one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Effective tumor eradication methods that will improve the prognosis and prolong human life are an important topic in modern medicine. Increasing amounts of evidence indicate that the tumor microenvironment plays a significant role in tumor development and migration. Macrophages are important immune cells that commonly infiltrate the tumor microenvironment. Several studies found that macrophages play different roles in the process of cancer development. This article focuses on the tumor microenvironment and the generation, classification, and function of tumor-associated macrophages as well as their significance for tumor immunotherapy and other aspects, it summarizes nearly 10 years of tumor microenvironment and tumor-associated macrophage research, providing a novel insight for tumor immunotherapy.
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68
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Infrared Spectroscopic Imaging Visualizes a Prognostic Extracellular Matrix-Related Signature in Breast Cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5442. [PMID: 32214177 PMCID: PMC7096505 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62403-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular analysis techniques such as gene expression analysis and proteomics have contributed greatly to our understanding of cancer heterogeneity. In prior studies, gene expression analysis was shown to stratify patient outcome on the basis of tumor-microenvironment associated genes. A specific gene expression profile, referred to as ECM3 (Extracellular Matrix Cluster 3), indicated poorer survival in patients with grade III tumors. In this work, we aimed to visualize the downstream effects of this gene expression profile onto the tissue, thus providing a spatial context to altered gene expression profiles. Using infrared spectroscopic imaging, we identified spectral patterns specific to the ECM3 gene expression profile, achieving a high spectral classification performance of 0.87 as measured by the area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve. On a patient level, we correctly identified 20 out of 22 ECM3 group patients and 19 out of 20 non-ECM3 group patients by using this spectroscopic imaging-based classifier. By comparing pixels that were identified as ECM3 or non-ECM3 with H&E and IHC images, we were also able to observe an association between tissue morphology and the gene expression clusters, showing the ability of our method to capture broad outcome associated features from infrared images.
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69
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Tang M, Dai W, Wu H, Xu X, Jiang B, Wei Y, Qian H, Han L. Transcriptome analysis of tongue cancer based on high‑throughput sequencing. Oncol Rep 2020; 43:2004-2016. [PMID: 32236620 PMCID: PMC7160550 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tongue cancer is one of the most common types of cancer, but its molecular etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the pathogenesis of tongue cancer and investigate novel potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Four matched pairs of tongue cancer and paracancerous tissues were collected for RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq), and the differentially expressed genes were analyzed. The RNA-Seq data of tongue cancer tissues were further analyzed using bioinformatics and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis. The sequenced reads were quantified and qualified in accordance with the analysis demands. The transcriptomes of the tongue cancer tissues and paired paracancerous tissues were analyzed, and 1,700 upregulated and 2,249 downregulated genes were identified. Gene Ontology analysis uncovered a significant enrichment in the terms associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) organization, cell adhesion and collagen catabolic processes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis demonstrated that these differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the focal adhesion pathway, ECM-receptor interaction pathway, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt pathway, and cell adhesion molecules. Comprehensive analyses of the gene tree and pathway network revealed that the majority of cell cycle genes were upregulated, while the majority of the genes associated with intracellular response, cell adhesion and cell differentiation were downregulated. The ECM-receptor interaction, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and PI3K-Akt pathways were closely associated with one another and held key positions in differential signaling pathways. The ECM-receptor, FAK and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways were found to synergistically promote tongue cancer occurrence and progression, and may serve as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for this type of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Tang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, P.R. China
| | - Wencheng Dai
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Xinjiang Xu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, P.R. China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, P.R. China
| | - Yingze Wei
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Qian
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Research Center Nantong, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, P.R. China
| | - Liang Han
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, P.R. China
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70
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Zhao L, Lee VHF, Ng MK, Yan H, Bijlsma MF. Molecular subtyping of cancer: current status and moving toward clinical applications. Brief Bioinform 2020; 20:572-584. [PMID: 29659698 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bby026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a collection of genetic diseases, with large phenotypic differences and genetic heterogeneity between different types of cancers and even within the same cancer type. Recent advances in genome-wide profiling provide an opportunity to investigate global molecular changes during the development and progression of cancer. Meanwhile, numerous statistical and machine learning algorithms have been designed for the processing and interpretation of high-throughput molecular data. Molecular subtyping studies have allowed the allocation of cancer into homogeneous groups that are considered to harbor similar molecular and clinical characteristics. Furthermore, this has helped researchers to identify both actionable targets for drug design as well as biomarkers for response prediction. In this review, we introduce five frequently applied techniques for generating molecular data, which are microarray, RNA sequencing, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, NanoString and tissue microarray. Commonly used molecular data for cancer subtyping and clinical applications are discussed. Next, we summarize a workflow for molecular subtyping of cancer, including data preprocessing, cluster analysis, supervised classification and subtype characterizations. Finally, we identify and describe four major challenges in the molecular subtyping of cancer that may preclude clinical implementation. We suggest that standardized methods should be established to help identify intrinsic subgroup signatures and build robust classifiers that pave the way toward stratified treatment of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhao
- Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Victor H F Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Michael K Ng
- Centre for Mathematical Imaging and Vision and Department of Mathematics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Hong Yan
- Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Maarten F Bijlsma
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Cancer Center Amsterdam and Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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71
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Rybinska I, Sandri M, Bianchi F, Orlandi R, De Cecco L, Gasparini P, Campiglio M, Paolini B, Sfondrini L, Tagliabue E, Triulzi T. Extracellular Matrix Features Discriminate Aggressive HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Patients Who Benefit from Trastuzumab Treatment. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020434. [PMID: 32069815 PMCID: PMC7072535 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously identified an extracellular matrix (ECM) gene expression pattern in breast cancer (BC), called ECM3, characterized by a high expression of genes encoding structural ECM proteins. Since ECM is reportedly implicated in response to therapy of BCs, the aim of this work is to investigate the prognostic and predictive value of ECM3 molecular classification in HER2-positive BCs. ECM3 resulted in a robust cluster that identified a subset of 25-37% of HER2-positive tumors with molecular aggressive features. ECM3 was significantly associated with worse prognosis in two datasets of HER2-positive BCs untreated with adjuvant therapy. Analyses carried out on two of our cohorts of patients treated or not with adjuvant trastuzumab showed association of ECM3 with worse prognosis only in patients not treated with trastuzumab. Moreover, investigating a dataset that includes gene profile data of tumors treated with neoadjuvant trastuzumab plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy alone, ECM3 was associated with increased pathological complete response if treated with trastuzumab. In the in vivo experiments, increased diffusion and trastuzumab activity were found in tumors derived from injection of HER2-positive cells with Matrigel that creates an ECM-rich tumor environment. Taken together, these results indicate that HER2-positive BCs classified as ECM3 have an aggressive phenotype but they are sensitive to trastuzumab treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Rybinska
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (I.R.); (F.B.); (R.O.); (M.C.); (T.T.)
| | - Marco Sandri
- Data Methods and Systems Statistical Laboratory, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Francesca Bianchi
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (I.R.); (F.B.); (R.O.); (M.C.); (T.T.)
| | - Rosaria Orlandi
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (I.R.); (F.B.); (R.O.); (M.C.); (T.T.)
| | - Loris De Cecco
- Platform of Integrated Biology, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Patrizia Gasparini
- Genomic Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Manuela Campiglio
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (I.R.); (F.B.); (R.O.); (M.C.); (T.T.)
| | - Biagio Paolini
- Anatomic Pathology A Unit, Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Lucia Sfondrini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Elda Tagliabue
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (I.R.); (F.B.); (R.O.); (M.C.); (T.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Tiziana Triulzi
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (I.R.); (F.B.); (R.O.); (M.C.); (T.T.)
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72
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Henke E, Nandigama R, Ergün S. Extracellular Matrix in the Tumor Microenvironment and Its Impact on Cancer Therapy. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 6:160. [PMID: 32118030 PMCID: PMC7025524 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2019.00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 496] [Impact Index Per Article: 124.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid tumors are complex organ-like structures that consist not only of tumor cells but also of vasculature, extracellular matrix (ECM), stromal, and immune cells. Often, this tumor microenvironment (TME) comprises the larger part of the overall tumor mass. Like the other components of the TME, the ECM in solid tumors differs significantly from that in normal organs. Intratumoral signaling, transport mechanisms, metabolisms, oxygenation, and immunogenicity are strongly affected if not controlled by the ECM. Exerting this regulatory control, the ECM does not only influence malignancy and growth of the tumor but also its response toward therapy. Understanding the particularities of the ECM in solid tumor is necessary to develop approaches to interfere with its negative effect. In this review, we will also highlight the current understanding of the physical, cellular, and molecular mechanisms by which the pathological tumor ECM affects the efficiency of radio-, chemo-, and immunotherapy. Finally, we will discuss the various strategies to target and modify the tumor ECM and how they could be utilized to improve response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Henke
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rajender Nandigama
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Süleyman Ergün
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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73
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Izzi V, Koivunen J, Rappu P, Heino J, Pihlajaniemi T. Integration of Matrisome Omics: Towards System Biology of the Tumor Matrisome. EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX OMICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-58330-9_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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74
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Benvenuto M, Focaccetti C, Izzi V, Masuelli L, Modesti A, Bei R. Tumor antigens heterogeneity and immune response-targeting neoantigens in breast cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 72:65-75. [PMID: 31698088 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is both the most common type of cancer and the most frequent cause of cancer mortality in women, mainly because of its heterogeneity and limited immunogenicity. The aim of specific active cancer immunotherapy is to stimulate the host's immune response against cancer cells directly using a vaccine platform carrying one or more tumor antigens. In particular, the ideal tumor antigen should be able to elicit T cell and B cell responses, be specific for the tumor and be expressed at high levels on cancer cells. Neoantigens are ideal targets for immunotherapy because they are exclusive to individual patient's tumors, are absent in healthy tissues and are not subject to immune tolerance mechanisms. Thus, neoantigens should generate a specific reaction towards tumors since they constitute the largest fraction of targets of tumor-infiltrating T cells. In this review, we describe the technologies used for neoantigen discovery, the heterogeneity of neoantigens in breast cancer and recent studies of breast cancer immunotherapy targeting neoantigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Benvenuto
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy; Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, via di Sant'Alessandro 8, 00131, Rome, Italy.
| | - Chiara Focaccetti
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of the Quality of Life, University San Raffaele Rome, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166, Rome, Italy.
| | - Valerio Izzi
- Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7C, FI-90230, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Laura Masuelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Modesti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Roberto Bei
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
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75
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Zhang Y, Shi X, Zhao T, Huang C, Wei Q, Tang X, Santy LC, Saif MTA, Zhang S. A traction force threshold signifies metastatic phenotypic change in multicellular epithelia. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:7203-7210. [PMID: 31475279 PMCID: PMC7039046 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm00733d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis has been believed as a genetically programmed process that is commonly marked by biochemical signals. Here using extracellular matrix control of cellular mechanics, we establish that cellular force threshold can also mark in vitro metastatic phenotypic change and malignant transformation in HCT-8 cell colonies. We observe that for prolonged culture time the HCT-8 cell colonies disperse into individual malignant cells, and the metastatic-like dispersion depends on both cell-seeding gel stiffness and colony size. Cellular force microscopies show that gel stiffness and colony size are also two key parameters that modulate cellular forces, suggesting the correlations between the cellular forces and the metastatic phenotypic change. Using our recently developed biophysical model, we construct an extracellular traction phase diagram in the stiffness-size space, filled with experimental data on the colony behavior. From the phase diagram we identify a phase boundary as a traction force threshold above which the metastatic phenotypic transition occurs and below which the cell colonies remain cohesive. Our finding suggests that the traction threshold can be regarded as an effective mechano-marker for the onset of the metastatic-like dispersion and malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhang
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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76
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Moriggi M, Giussani M, Torretta E, Capitanio D, Sandri M, Leone R, De Palma S, Vasso M, Vozzi G, Tagliabue E, Gelfi C. ECM Remodeling in Breast Cancer with Different Grade: Contribution of 2D-DIGE Proteomics. Proteomics 2019; 18:e1800278. [PMID: 30353998 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Tumor extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a pivotal role in outcome of breast cancer (BC) patients. Overexpression of 58 genes, encoding 43 structural ECM proteins, has been identified to determine a specific cluster of BC with accelerated metastatic potential only in the undifferentiated (grade III) phenotype. The scope of this study is to characterize protein repertoire able to predict patient outcome in BC according to ECM gene expression pattern and histological grade. The differential proteomic analysis is based on 2D-differential gel electrophoresis, MALDI-MS, bioinformatics, and immunoblotting. Results suggest a relationship among ECM remodeling, signal mechanotransduction, and metabolic rewiring in BCs characterized by a specific mRNA ECM signature and identified a set of dysregulated proteins characteristic of hormone receptors expression as fibrinogen-β chain, collagen α-1(VI) chain, and α-1B-glycoprotein. Furthermore, in triple negative tumors with ECM signature, the FGG and α5β1/αvβ3 integrins increase whereas detyrosinated α-tubulin and mimecan decrease leading to unorganized integrin presentation involving focal adhesion kinase, activation of Rho GTPases associated to epithelial mesenchymal transition. In hormone receptors negative BCs characterized by a specific ECM gene cluster, the differentially regulated proteins, identified in the present study, can be potentially relevant to predict patient's outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Moriggi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan 20129, Italy
| | - Marta Giussani
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Enrica Torretta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan 20129, Italy
| | - Daniele Capitanio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan 20129, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano 20161, Italy
| | - Marco Sandri
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Roberta Leone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan 20129, Italy
| | - Sara De Palma
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Segrate-Cefalù 20090, Italy
| | - Michele Vasso
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Segrate-Cefalù 20090, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vozzi
- Research Center BE. Piaggio, University of Pisa, Pisa 56122, Italy.,Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione (DII), University of Pisa, Pisa 56122, Italy
| | - Elda Tagliabue
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gelfi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan 20129, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano 20161, Italy
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77
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Jones MC, Zha J, Humphries MJ. Connections between the cell cycle, cell adhesion and the cytoskeleton. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 374:20180227. [PMID: 31431178 PMCID: PMC6627016 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2018.0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell division, the purpose of which is to enable cell replication, and in particular to distribute complete, accurate copies of genetic material to daughter cells, is essential for the propagation of life. At a morphological level, division not only necessitates duplication of cellular structures, but it also relies on polar segregation of this material followed by physical scission of the parent cell. For these fundamental changes in cell shape and positioning to be achieved, mechanisms are required to link the cell cycle to the modulation of cytoarchitecture. Outside of mitosis, the three main cytoskeletal networks not only endow cells with a physical cytoplasmic skeleton, but they also provide a mechanism for spatio-temporal sensing via integrin-associated adhesion complexes and site-directed delivery of cargoes. During mitosis, some interphase functions are retained, but the architecture of the cytoskeleton changes dramatically, and there is a need to generate a mitotic spindle for chromosome segregation. An economical solution is to re-use existing cytoskeletal molecules: transcellular actin stress fibres remodel to create a rigid cortex and a cytokinetic furrow, while unipolar radial microtubules become the primary components of the bipolar spindle. This remodelling implies the existence of specific mechanisms that link the cell-cycle machinery to the control of adhesion and the cytoskeleton. In this article, we review the intimate three-way connection between microenvironmental sensing, adhesion signalling and cell proliferation, particularly in the contexts of normal growth control and aberrant tumour progression. As the morphological changes that occur during mitosis are ancient, the mechanisms linking the cell cycle to the cytoskeleton/adhesion signalling network are likely to be primordial in nature and we discuss recent advances that have elucidated elements of this link. A particular focus is the connection between CDK1 and cell adhesion. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Forces in cancer: interdisciplinary approaches in tumour mechanobiology'.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Martin J. Humphries
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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78
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Banys-Paluchowski M, Loibl S, Witzel I, Mundhenke C, Lederer B, Solbach C, Karn T, Marmé F, Nekljudova V, Schem C, Stickeler E, Willumsen N, Karsdal MA, Untch M, Müller V. Clinical Relevance of Collagen Protein Degradation Markers C3M and C4M in the Serum of Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Neoadjuvant Therapy in the GeparQuinto Trial. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081186. [PMID: 31443252 PMCID: PMC6721504 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Remodeling of extracellular matrix through collagen degradation is a crucial step in the metastatic cascade. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential clinical relevance of the serum collagen degradation markers (CDM) C3M and C4M during neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. Methods: Patients from the GeparQuinto phase 3 trial with untreated HER2-positive operable or locally advanced breast cancer were enrolled between 7 November 2007, and 9 July 2010, and randomly assigned to receive neoadjuvant treatment with EC/docetaxel with either trastuzumab or lapatinib. Blood samples were collected at baseline, after four cycles of chemotherapy and at surgery. Cutoff values were determined using validated cutoff finder software (C3M: Low ≤9.00 ng/mL, high >9.00 ng/mL, C4M: Low ≤40.91 ng/mL, high >40.91 ng/mL). Results: 157 patients were included in this analysis. At baseline, 11.7% and 14.8% of patients had high C3M and C4M serum levels, respectively. No correlation was observed between CDM and classical clinical-pathological factors. Patients with high levels of CDM were significantly more likely to achieve a pathological complete response (pCR, defined as ypT0 ypN0) than patients with low levels (C3M: 66.7% vs. 25.7%, p = 0.002; C4M: 52.7% vs. 26.6%, p = 0.031). Median levels of both markers were lower at the time of surgery than at baseline. In the multivariate analysis including clinical-pathological factors and C3M levels at baseline and changes in C3M levels between baseline and after four cycles of therapy, only C3M levels at baseline (p = 0.035, OR 4.469, 95%-CI 1.115–17.919) independently predicted pCR. In a similar model including clinical-pathological factors and C4M, only C4M levels at baseline (p = 0.028, OR 6.203, 95%-CI 1.220–31.546) and tumor size (p = 0.035, OR 4.900, 95%-CI 1.122–21.393) were independent predictors of pCR. High C3M levels at baseline did not correlate with survival in the entire cohort but were associated with worse disease-free survival (DFS; p = 0.029, 5-year DFS 40.0% vs. 74.9%) and overall survival (OS; p = 0.020, 5-year OS 60.0% vs. 88.3%) in the subgroup of patients randomized to lapatinib. In the trastuzumab arm, C3M did not correlate with survival. In the entire patient cohort, high levels of C4M at baseline were significantly associated with shorter DFS (p = 0.001, 5-year DFS 53.1% vs. 81.6%) but not with OS. When treatment arms were considered separately, the association with DFS was still significant (p = 0.014, 5-year DFS 44.4% vs. 77.0% in the lapatinib arm; p = 0.023, 5-year DFS 62.5% vs. 86.2% in the trastuzumab arm). Conclusions: Collagen degradation markers are associated with response to neoadjuvant therapy and seem to play a role in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Isabell Witzel
- Department of Gynecology, University of Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Mundhenke
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Christine Solbach
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Karn
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Frederik Marmé
- University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | | | | | - Elmar Stickeler
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Morten A Karsdal
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers and Research, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Michael Untch
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Helios Klinikum Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Volkmar Müller
- Department of Gynecology, University of Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany.
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79
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Fox NS, Haider S, Harris AL, Boutros PC. Landscape of transcriptomic interactions between breast cancer and its microenvironment. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3116. [PMID: 31308365 PMCID: PMC6629667 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10929-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid tumours comprise mixtures of tumour cells (TCs) and tumour-adjacent cells (TACs), and the intricate interconnections between these diverse populations shape the tumour’s microenvironment. Despite this complexity, clinical genomic profiling is typically performed from bulk samples, without distinguishing TCs from TACs. To better understand TC–TAC interactions, we computationally distinguish their transcriptomes in 1780 primary breast tumours. We show that TC and TAC mRNA abundances are divergently associated with clinical phenotypes, including tumour subtypes and patient survival. These differences reflect distinct responses of TCs and TACs to specific somatic driver mutations, particularly TP53. These data further elucidate how the molecular interplay between breast tumours and their microenvironment drives aggressive tumour phenotypes. The transcriptomic profile of tumour-adjacent cells provides important information about tumour context but its clinical utility is unclear. Here, in breast cancer, Fox et al. show that the mRNA abundances of tumour and tumour-adjacent cells hold prognostic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie S Fox
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada. .,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada.
| | - Syed Haider
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.,The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Adrian L Harris
- Department of Oncology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Paul C Boutros
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada. .,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada. .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. .,Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA. .,Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. .,Institute for Precision Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. .,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
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80
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Gutiérrez-Martínez A, Sew WQG, Molano-Fernández M, Carretero-Junquera M, Herranz H. Mechanisms of oncogenic cell competition-Paths of victory. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 63:27-35. [PMID: 31128299 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a multistep process. In the early phases of this disease, mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressors are thought to promote clonal expansion. These mutations can increase cell competitiveness, allowing tumor cells to grow within the tissue by eliminating wild type host cells. Recent studies have shown that cell competition can also function in later phases of cancer. Here, we examine the existing evidence linking cell competition and tumorigenesis. We focus on the mechanisms underlying cell competition and their contribution to disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Gutiérrez-Martínez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen 2200 N, Denmark
| | - Wei Qi Guinevere Sew
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen 2200 N, Denmark
| | - Maria Molano-Fernández
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen 2200 N, Denmark
| | - Maria Carretero-Junquera
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen 2200 N, Denmark
| | - Héctor Herranz
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen 2200 N, Denmark.
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81
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Overexpression of Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase Correlates with Cancer Malignancy and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Canine Mammary Gland Tumors. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:6201764. [PMID: 31186637 PMCID: PMC6521384 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6201764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Tumor biomarkers are developed to indicate tumor status, clinical outcome, or prognosis. Since currently there are no effective biomarkers for canine mammary tumor (CMT), this study intended to verify whether kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO), one of the key enzymes involved in tryptophan catabolism, is competent for predicting prognosis in patients with CMT. By investigating a series of 86 CMT clinical cases, we found that both gene and protein expression of KMO discriminated malignant from benign CMTs and was significantly higher in stage IV and V tumors than in lower-stage CMTs. About 73.7% of malignant CMTs showed strong expression of KMO which correlated with lower overall survival rates in patients. Further, downregulation of KMO activity significantly inhibited cell proliferation of CMT cells. Taken together, the findings indicated that KMO is a potential biomarker for tumor diagnosis, and this might open up new perspectives for clinical applications of CMT.
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82
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Peláez R, Pariente A, Pérez-Sala Á, Larrayoz IM. Integrins: Moonlighting Proteins in Invadosome Formation. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050615. [PMID: 31052560 PMCID: PMC6562994 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Invadopodia are actin-rich protrusions developed by transformed cells in 2D/3D environments that are implicated in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and degradation. These structures have an undoubted association with cancer invasion and metastasis because invadopodium formation in vivo is a key step for intra/extravasation of tumor cells. Invadopodia are closely related to other actin-rich structures known as podosomes, which are typical structures of normal cells necessary for different physiological processes during development and organogenesis. Invadopodia and podosomes are included in the general term 'invadosomes,' as they both appear as actin puncta on plasma membranes next to extracellular matrix metalloproteinases, although organization, regulation, and function are slightly different. Integrins are transmembrane proteins implicated in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions and other important processes such as molecular signaling, mechano-transduction, and cell functions, e.g., adhesion, migration, or invasion. It is noteworthy that integrin expression is altered in many tumors, and other pathologies such as cardiovascular or immune dysfunctions. Over the last few years, growing evidence has suggested a role of integrins in the formation of invadopodia. However, their implication in invadopodia formation and adhesion to the ECM is still not well known. This review focuses on the role of integrins in invadopodium formation and provides a general overview of the involvement of these proteins in the mechanisms of metastasis, taking into account classic research through to the latest and most advanced work in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Peláez
- Biomarkers and Molecular Signaling Group, Neurodegenerative Diseases Area Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja, CIBIR, c.p., 26006. Logroño, Spain.
| | - Ana Pariente
- Biomarkers and Molecular Signaling Group, Neurodegenerative Diseases Area Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja, CIBIR, c.p., 26006. Logroño, Spain.
| | - Álvaro Pérez-Sala
- Biomarkers and Molecular Signaling Group, Neurodegenerative Diseases Area Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja, CIBIR, c.p., 26006. Logroño, Spain.
| | - Ignacio M Larrayoz
- Biomarkers and Molecular Signaling Group, Neurodegenerative Diseases Area Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja, CIBIR, c.p., 26006. Logroño, Spain.
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83
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Tumor-suppressive functions of 4-MU on breast cancer cells of different ER status: Regulation of hyaluronan/HAS2/CD44 and specific matrix effectors. Matrix Biol 2019; 78-79:118-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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84
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Ovais M, Guo M, Chen C. Tailoring Nanomaterials for Targeting Tumor-Associated Macrophages. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1808303. [PMID: 30883982 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201808303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Advances in the field of nanotechnology together with an increase understanding of tumor immunology have paved the way for the development of more personalized cancer immuno-nanomedicines. Nanovehicles, due to their specific physicochemical properties, are emerging as key translational moieties in tackling tumor-promoting, M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Cancer immuno-nanomedicines target TAMs primarily by blocking M2-like TAM survival or affecting their signaling cascades, restricting macrophage recruitment to tumors and re-educating tumor-promoting M2-like TAMs to the tumoricidal, M1-like phenotype. Here, the TAM effector mechanisms and strategies for targeting TAMs are summarized, followed by a focus on the mechanistic considerations in the development of novel immuno-nanomedicines. Furthermore, imaging TAMs with nanoparticles so as to forecast a patient's clinical outcome, describing treatment options, and observing therapy responses is also discussed. At present, strategies that target TAMs are being investigated not only at the basic research level but also in early clinical trials. The significance of TAM-targeting biomaterials is highlighted, with the goal of facilitating future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ovais
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mengyu Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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85
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Houthuijzen JM, Jonkers J. Cancer-associated fibroblasts as key regulators of the breast cancer tumor microenvironment. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2019; 37:577-597. [PMID: 30465162 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-018-9768-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cells exist in close proximity with non-malignant cells. Extensive and multilayered crosstalk between tumor cells and stromal cells tailors the tumor microenvironment (TME) to support survival, growth, and metastasis. Fibroblasts are one of the largest populations of non-malignant host cells that can be found within the TME of breast, pancreatic, and prostate tumors. Substantial scientific evidence has shown that these cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are not only associated with tumors by proximity but are also actively recruited to developing tumors where they can influence other cells of the TME as well as influencing tumor cell survival and metastasis. This review discusses the impact of CAFs on breast cancer biology and highlights their heterogeneity, origin and their role in tumor progression, ECM remodeling, therapy resistance, metastasis, and the challenges ahead of targeting CAFs to improve therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Houthuijzen
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - J Jonkers
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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86
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da Silva GM, Saavedra V, Ianez RCF, de Sousa EA, Gomes ÁN, Kelner N, Nagai MA, Kowalski LP, Soares FA, Lourenço SV, Coutinho-Camillo CM. Apoptotic signaling in salivary mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Head Neck 2019; 41:2904-2913. [PMID: 30968512 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of salivary glands. Apoptosis plays an important role in organogenesis of glandular structures, and aberrations of apoptotic mechanisms is associated with a wide array of pathologic conditions. METHODS The immunoexpression of proteins associated with apoptosis and proliferation was evaluated in 40 mucoepidermoid carcinoma cases. RESULTS Par-4, Survivin, MUC1, PHLDA1, Fas, and Ki-67 were predominantly expressed in mucoepidermoid carcinoma. FasL was rarely expressed, and Caspase-3 expression was observed in almost 50% of the cases. SPARC expression was associated with low-grade tumors, and Ki-67 expression was associated with lymph node metastasis. Expression of Fas and decreased expression of Ki-67 and Caspase-3 were associated with better overall cancer-specific survival rates. CONCLUSIONS The association of SPARC and Ki-67 expression with pathological features and the association of Fas, Caspase-3, and Ki-67 with survival probabilities suggest that these proteins may be useful prognostic markers for mucoepidermoid carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victoria Saavedra
- International Research Center, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata C F Ianez
- International Research Center, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elen A de Sousa
- International Research Center, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ágatha N Gomes
- International Research Center, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natalie Kelner
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria A Nagai
- Discipline of Oncology, Department of Radiology and Oncology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Center for Translational Research in Oncology, Cancer Institute of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz P Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando A Soares
- Department of General Pathology, Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Pathology Division, Rede D'Or Hospitals Network, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia V Lourenço
- Department of General Pathology, Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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87
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Peng J, Yang Q, Shi K, Xiao Y, Wei X, Qian Z. Intratumoral fate of functional nanoparticles in response to microenvironment factor: Implications on cancer diagnosis and therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 143:37-67. [PMID: 31276708 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The extraordinary growth and progression of tumor require enormous nutrient and energy. Unregulated behaviors of cancer cell progressing and persistently change of tumor microenvironment (TME) which acts as the soil for cancer growth and metastasis are the ubiquitous features. The tumor microenvironment exhibits some unique features which differ with the normal tissues. While the nanoparticles get through the blood vessel leakage, they encounter immediately and interact directly with these microenvironment factors. These factors may inhibit the diffusion of nanoparticles from penetrating through the tumor, or induce the dissociation of nanoparticles. Different nanoparticles encountered with different intratumoral microenvironment factors end up in different way. Therefore, in this review, we first briefly introduced the formations, distributions, features of some intratumoral microenvironment, and their effects on the tumor progression. They include extracellular matrix (ECM), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), acidic/hypoxia environment, redox environment, and tumor associated macrophages (TAMs). We then exemplified how these factors interact with nanoparticles and emphasized the potentials and challenges of nanoparticle-based strategies facing in enhancing intratumoral penetration and tumor microenvironment remodeling. We hope to give a simple understanding of the interaction between these microenvironment factors and the nanoparticles, thus, favors the designing and constructing of more ideal functional nanoparticles.
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88
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Critselis E, Rava M, Marquez M, Lygirou V, Chatzicharalambous D, Liapi P, Lichtinghagen R, Brand K, Cecchini L, Vlahou A, Malats N, Zoidakis J. Diagnostic and Prognostic Performance of Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) Assay for Detecting Primary and Recurrent Urinary Bladder Cancer. Proteomics Clin Appl 2019; 13:e1800148. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201800148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Critselis
- Proteomics Laboratory, Biotechnology DivisionBiomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens Athens 11527 Greece
| | - Marta Rava
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncologicas) Madrid and CIBERONC 28029 Spain
| | - Mirari Marquez
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncologicas) Madrid and CIBERONC 28029 Spain
| | - Vasiliki Lygirou
- Proteomics Laboratory, Biotechnology DivisionBiomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens Athens 11527 Greece
| | - Despoina Chatzicharalambous
- Proteomics Laboratory, Biotechnology DivisionBiomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens Athens 11527 Greece
| | - Panagiota Liapi
- Proteomics Laboratory, Biotechnology DivisionBiomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens Athens 11527 Greece
| | - Ralph Lichtinghagen
- Institute of Clinical ChemistryHannover Medical School Hannover 30625 Germany
| | - Korbinian Brand
- Institute of Clinical ChemistryHannover Medical School Hannover 30625 Germany
| | | | - Antonia Vlahou
- Proteomics Laboratory, Biotechnology DivisionBiomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens Athens 11527 Greece
| | - Nuria Malats
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncologicas) Madrid and CIBERONC 28029 Spain
| | - Jerome Zoidakis
- Proteomics Laboratory, Biotechnology DivisionBiomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens Athens 11527 Greece
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89
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Second-harmonic patterned polarization-analyzed reflection confocal microscopy of stromal collagen in benign and malignant breast tissues. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16243. [PMID: 30389994 PMCID: PMC6214917 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34693-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We present the results of polarimetric analysis of collagen on varying pathologies of breast tissues using second-harmonic patterned polarization-analyzed reflection confocal (SPPARC) microscopy. Experiments are conducted on a breast tissue microarray having benign tissues (BT), malignant invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC), and benign stroma adjacent to the malignant tissues (called the benign adjacent tissue, or BAT). Stroma in BAT and ILC exhibit the largest parameter differences. We observe that stromal collagen readings in ILC show lower depolarization, lower diattenuation and higher linear degree-of-polarization values than stromal collagen in BAT. This suggests that the optical properties of collagen change most in the vicinity of tumors. A similar trend is also exhibited in the non-collagenous extrafibrillar matrix plus cells (EFMC) region. The three highlighted parameters show greatest sensitivity to changes in the polarization response of collagen between pathologies.
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90
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Wang Y, Lu S, Xiong J, Singh K, Hui Y, Zhao C, Brodsky AS, Yang D, Jolly G, Ouseph M, Schorl C, DeLellis RA, Resnick MB. ColXα1 is a stromal component that colocalizes with elastin in the breast tumor extracellular matrix. JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY CLINICAL RESEARCH 2018; 5:40-52. [PMID: 30207088 PMCID: PMC6317058 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment regulates tissue development and homeostasis, and its dysregulation contributes to neoplastic progression. Increased expression of type X collagen α‐1 (ColXα1) in tumor‐associated stroma correlates with poor pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in estrogen receptor (ER) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)‐positive breast cancers. Evaluation of ColXα1 expression patterns suggests a potential connection with elastin fibers. To investigate the possible interaction between ColXα1 and elastin, we evaluated the expression of ColXα1 in relation to elastin fibers in normal breast tissue, ductal carcinoma in situ, and invasive breast carcinomas at cellular and subcellular levels. Our findings demonstrate that ColXα1 colocalizes with elastin in invasive breast cancer‐associated stroma by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy. In 212 invasive breast carcinomas, this complex was aberrantly and selectively expressed in tumor extracellular matrix in 79% of ER+/HER2−, 80% of ER+/HER2+, 76% of ER−/HER2+, and 58% of triple negative breast cancers. In contrast, ColXα1 was generally absent, while elastin was present perivascularly in normal breast tissue. ColXα1 and elastin were coexpressed in 58% of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in periductal areas. In mass‐forming DCIS with desmoplastic stroma, the complex was intensely expressed in periductal areas as well as within the tumor‐associated stroma in all cases. Our data suggest that the breast carcinoma neoplastic process may involve aberrant expression of ColXα1 and elastin in the tumor microenvironment emerging early at the DCIS stage. Enrichment of these complexes in tumor‐associated stroma may represent a stromal signature indicative of intrinsic differences between breast cancers. These findings shed light on investigation into the role of aberrant collagen complex expression in tumorigenesis and tumor progression which may be leveraged in therapeutic and theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Lifespan Medical Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Shaolei Lu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Lifespan Medical Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jinjun Xiong
- Department of Pathology, Women and Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Kamaljeet Singh
- Department of Pathology, Women and Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Yiang Hui
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Lifespan Medical Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Chaohui Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Lifespan Medical Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Alexander S Brodsky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Lifespan Medical Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Dongfang Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Lifespan Medical Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Grant Jolly
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Lifespan Medical Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Madhu Ouseph
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Lifespan Medical Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Christoph Schorl
- Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ronald A DeLellis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Lifespan Medical Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Murray B Resnick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Lifespan Medical Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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91
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Abstract
Infiltration of macrophages in solid tumours is associated with poor prognosis and correlates with chemotherapy resistance in most cancers. In mouse models of cancer, macrophages promote cancer initiation and malignant progression by stimulating angiogenesis, increasing tumour cell migration, invasion and intravasation and suppressing antitumour immunity. At metastatic sites, macrophages promote tumour cell extravasation, survival and subsequent growth. Each of these pro-tumoural activities is promoted by a subpopulation of macrophages that express canonical markers but have unique transcriptional profiles, which makes tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) good targets for anticancer therapy in humans through either their ablation or their re-differentiation away from pro-tumoural towards antitumoural states. In this Review, we evaluate the state of the art of TAM-targeting strategies, focusing on the limitations and potential side effects of the different therapies such as toxicity, rebound effects and compensatory mechanisms. We provide an extensive overview of the different types of therapy used in the clinic and their limitations in light of known macrophage biology and propose new strategies for targeting TAMs.
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92
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MacParland SA, Liu JC, Ma XZ, Innes BT, Bartczak AM, Gage BK, Manuel J, Khuu N, Echeverri J, Linares I, Gupta R, Cheng ML, Liu LY, Camat D, Chung SW, Seliga RK, Shao Z, Lee E, Ogawa S, Ogawa M, Wilson MD, Fish JE, Selzner M, Ghanekar A, Grant D, Greig P, Sapisochin G, Selzner N, Winegarden N, Adeyi O, Keller G, Bader GD, McGilvray ID. Single cell RNA sequencing of human liver reveals distinct intrahepatic macrophage populations. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4383. [PMID: 30348985 PMCID: PMC6197289 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06318-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 798] [Impact Index Per Article: 133.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is the largest solid organ in the body and is critical for metabolic and immune functions. However, little is known about the cells that make up the human liver and its immune microenvironment. Here we report a map of the cellular landscape of the human liver using single-cell RNA sequencing. We provide the transcriptional profiles of 8444 parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells obtained from the fractionation of fresh hepatic tissue from five human livers. Using gene expression patterns, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemical examinations, we identify 20 discrete cell populations of hepatocytes, endothelial cells, cholangiocytes, hepatic stellate cells, B cells, conventional and non-conventional T cells, NK-like cells, and distinct intrahepatic monocyte/macrophage populations. Together, our study presents a comprehensive view of the human liver at single-cell resolution that outlines the characteristics of resident cells in the liver, and in particular provides a map of the human hepatic immune microenvironment. The development of single cell RNA sequencing technologies has been instrumental in advancing our understanding of tissue biology. Here, MacParland et al. performed single cell RNA sequencing of human liver samples, and identify distinct populations of intrahepatic macrophages that may play specific roles in liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonya A MacParland
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada. .,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada.
| | - Jeff C Liu
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Xue-Zhong Ma
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Brendan T Innes
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1A8, Canada
| | - Agata M Bartczak
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Blair K Gage
- McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Justin Manuel
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Nicholas Khuu
- Princess Margaret Genomics Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Juan Echeverri
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Ivan Linares
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Rahul Gupta
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Michael L Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Lewis Y Liu
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Damra Camat
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Sai W Chung
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Rebecca K Seliga
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Zigong Shao
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Lee
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Shinichiro Ogawa
- McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Mina Ogawa
- McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Michael D Wilson
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1A8, Canada.,Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Jason E Fish
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada.,Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Markus Selzner
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Anand Ghanekar
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - David Grant
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Paul Greig
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Gonzalo Sapisochin
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Nazia Selzner
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Neil Winegarden
- Princess Margaret Genomics Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Oyedele Adeyi
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Gordon Keller
- McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada.,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Gary D Bader
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada. .,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1A8, Canada.
| | - Ian D McGilvray
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada.
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Fleming JM, Yeyeodu ST, McLaughlin A, Schuman D, Taylor DK. In Situ Drug Delivery to Breast Cancer-Associated Extracellular Matrix. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:2825-2840. [PMID: 30183254 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) contributes to tumor progression through changes induced by tumor and stromal cell signals that promote increased ECM density and stiffness. The increase in ECM stiffness is known to promote tumor cell invasion into surrounding tissues and metastasis. In addition, this scar-like ECM creates a protective barrier around the tumor that reduces the effectiveness of innate and synthetic antitumor agents. Herein, clinically approved breast cancer therapies as well as novel experimental approaches that target the ECM are discussed, including in situ hydrogel drug delivery systems, an emerging technology the delivers toxic chemotherapeutics, gene-silencing microRNAs, and tumor suppressing immune cells directly inside the tumor. Intratumor delivery of therapeutic agents has the potential to drastically reduce systemic side effects experienced by the patient and increase the efficacy of these agents. This review also describes the opposing effects of ECM degradation on tumor progression, where some studies report improved drug delivery and delayed cancer progression and others report enhanced metastasis and decreased patient survival. Given the recent increase in ECM-targeting drugs entering preclinical and clinical trials, understanding and addressing the factors that impact the effect of the ECM on tumor progression is imperative for the sake of patient safety and survival outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodie M. Fleming
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Susan T. Yeyeodu
- Charles River Discovery Services, Morrisville, North Carolina, United States
| | - Ashley McLaughlin
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Darren Schuman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Darlene K. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina, United States
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94
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Dhage S, Ernlund A, Ruggles K, Axelrod D, Berman R, Roses D, Schneider RJ. A genomic ruler to assess oncogenic transition between breast tumor and stroma. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205602. [PMID: 30325954 PMCID: PMC6191134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancers induce gene expression alterations in stroma surrounding tumors that supports cancer progression. However, it is actually not at all known the extent of altered stromal gene expression enacted by tumors nor the extent to which altered stromal gene expression penetrates the stromal tissue. Presently, post-surgical “tumor-free” stromal tissue is determined to be cancer-free based on solely on morphological normality—a criteria that has not changed in more than 100 years despite the existence of sophisticated gene expression data to the contrary. We therefore investigated the extent to which breast tumors alter stromal gene expression in three dimensions in women undergoing mastectomy with the intent of providing a genomic determination for development of future risk of recurrence criteria, and to inform the need for adjuvant full-breast irradiation. Methods and findings Genome-wide gene expression changes were determined in histopathologically normal breast tissue in 33 women undergoing mastectomy for stage II and III primary invasive ductal carcinoma at serial distances in three dimensions from the tumor. Gene expression was determined by genome-wide mRNA analysis and subjected to metagene mRNA characterization. Tumor-like gene expression signatures in stroma were identified that surprisingly transitioned to a plastic, normalizing homeostatic signature with distance from tumor. Stroma closest to tumor displayed a pronounced tumor-like signature enriched in cancer-promoting pathways involved in disruption of basement membrane, cell migration and invasion, WNT signaling and angiogenesis. By 2 cm from tumor in all dimensions, stromal tissues were in transition, displaying homeostatic and tumor suppressing gene activity, while also expressing cancer supporting pathways. Conclusions The dynamics of gene expression in the post-tumor breast stroma likely co-determines disease outcome: reversion to normality or transition to transformation in morphologically normal tissue. Our stromal genomic signature may be important for personalizing surgical and adjuvant therapeutic decisions and risk of recurrence.
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MESH Headings
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Breast/metabolism
- Breast/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/surgery
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/surgery
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genomics
- Humans
- Mastectomy
- Microarray Analysis
- Neoplasm Invasiveness/genetics
- Neoplasm Invasiveness/pathology
- Neoplasm Staging
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Stromal Cells/metabolism
- Stromal Cells/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhada Dhage
- Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Amanda Ernlund
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Kelly Ruggles
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Deborah Axelrod
- Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Russell Berman
- Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Daniel Roses
- Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Robert J. Schneider
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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95
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Lipton A, Leitzel K, Ali SM, Polimera HV, Nagabhairu V, Marks E, Richardson AE, Krecko L, Ali A, Koestler W, Esteva FJ, Leeming DJ, Karsdal MA, Willumsen N. High turnover of extracellular matrix reflected by specific protein fragments measured in serum is associated with poor outcomes in two metastatic breast cancer cohorts. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:3027-3034. [PMID: 29923614 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Increased extracellular matrix (ECM) formation and matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-mediated ECM degradation are parts of tumorgenesis and generates collagen fragments that are released into circulation. We evaluated the association of specific collagen fragments measured in serum with outcomes in two independent metastatic breast cancer (MBC) cohorts. ELISAs were used to measure C1M (MMP-generated type I collagen fragment), C3M (MMP-generated type III collagen fragment), C4M (MMP-generated type IV collagen fragment), and PRO-C3 (pro-peptide of type III collagen) in pretreatment serum from a phase 3 randomized clinical trial of second-line hormone therapy (HR+, n = 148), and a first-line trastuzumab-treated cohort (HER2+, n = 55). All sites of metastases were included. The collagen fragments were evaluated by Cox-regression analysis for their association with time-to-progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS). In the HR+ cohort, higher C1M and C3M levels (75th percentile cut-off) were associated with shorter TTP; all fragments were associated with shorter OS. In the HER2+ cohort, higher levels of all fragments were associated with shorter TTP; higher PRO-C3 was associated with shorter OS. In multivariate analysis of the HR+ trial for OS, higher levels of all fragments were significant for reduced OS when added separately (C1M HR = 2.1, p < 0.001; C3M HR = 1.8, p = 0.028; C4M HR = 1.8, p = 0.018; PRO-C3 HR = 1.8, p = 0.017); none other clinical covariates were significant. In conclusion, collagen fragments quantified in pretreatment serum was associated with shorter TTP and OS in two independent MBC cohorts receiving systemic therapy. If validated, quantification of ECM remodeling in serum has potential as prognostic and/or predictive biomarkers in MBC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kim Leitzel
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA
| | | | | | | | - Eric Marks
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA
| | | | | | - Ayesha Ali
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA
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96
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Boddupalli A, Bratlie KM. Collagen organization deposited by fibroblasts encapsulated in pH responsive methacrylated alginate hydrogels. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:2934-2943. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anuraag Boddupalli
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Kaitlin M. Bratlie
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
- Division of Materials Science & Engineering; Ames National Laboratory; Ames Iowa 50011
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97
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Fiorino S, Di Saverio S, Leandri P, Tura A, Birtolo C, Silingardi M, de Biase D, Avisar E. The role of matricellular proteins and tissue stiffness in breast cancer: a systematic review. Future Oncol 2018; 14:1601-1627. [PMID: 29939077 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2017-0510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignancies consist not only of cancerous and nonmalignant cells, but also of additional elements, as extracellular matrix. The aim of this review is to summarize meta-analyses, describing breast tissue stiffness and risk of breast carcinoma (BC) assessing the potential relationship between matricellular proteins (MPs) and survival. A systematic computer-based search of published articles, according to PRISMA statement, was conducted through Ovid interface. Mammographic density and tissue stiffness are associated with the risk of BC development, suggesting that MPs may influence BC prognosis. No definitive conclusions are available and additional researches are required to definitively clarify the role of each MP, mammographic density and stiffness in BC development and the mechanisms involved in the onset of this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirio Fiorino
- Internal Medicine 'C' Unit, Maggiore Hospital, Local Health Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Salomone Di Saverio
- Cambridge Colorectal Unit, Box 201, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Paolo Leandri
- Internal Medicine 'C' Unit, Maggiore Hospital, Local Health Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Tura
- Metabolic Unit, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Birtolo
- Geriatric Unit, Azienda USL-Maggiore Hospital, Largo Nigrisoli 3, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mauro Silingardi
- Internal Medicine 'A' Unit, Maggiore Hospital, Local Health Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Dario de Biase
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Molecular Pathology Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Eli Avisar
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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98
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MicroRNA co-expression patterns unravel the relevance of extra cellular matrix and immunity in breast cancer. Breast 2018; 39:46-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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99
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Natal RA, Vassallo J, Paiva GR, Pelegati VB, Barbosa GO, Mendonça GR, Bondarik C, Derchain SF, Carvalho HF, Lima CS, Cesar CL, Sarian LO. Collagen analysis by second-harmonic generation microscopy predicts outcome of luminal breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2018; 40:1010428318770953. [DOI: 10.1177/1010428318770953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Second-harmonic generation microscopy represents an important tool to evaluate extracellular matrix collagen structure, which undergoes changes during cancer progression. Thus, it is potentially relevant to assess breast cancer development. We propose the use of second-harmonic generation images of tumor stroma selected on hematoxylin and eosin–stained slides to evaluate the prognostic value of collagen fibers analyses in peri and intratumoral areas in patients diagnosed with invasive ductal breast carcinoma. Quantitative analyses of collagen parameters were performed using ImageJ software. These parameters presented significantly higher values in peri than in intratumoral areas. Higher intratumoral collagen uniformity was associated with high pathological stages and with the presence of axillary lymph node metastasis. In patients with immunohistochemistry-based luminal subtype, higher intratumoral collagen uniformity and quantity were independently associated with poorer relapse-free and overall survival, respectively. A multivariate response recursive partitioning model determined 12.857 and 11.894 as the best cut-offs for intratumoral collagen quantity and uniformity, respectively. These values have shown high sensitivity and specificity to differentiate distinct outcomes. Values of intratumoral collagen quantity and uniformity exceeding the cut-offs were strongly associated with poorer relapse-free and overall survival. Our findings support a promising prognostic value of quantitative evaluation of intratumoral collagen by second-harmonic generation imaging mainly in the luminal subtype breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo A Natal
- Laboratory of Investigative and Molecular Pathology, Center for Investigation in Pediatrics (CIPED), Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - José Vassallo
- Laboratory of Investigative and Molecular Pathology, Center for Investigation in Pediatrics (CIPED), Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Geisilene R Paiva
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology (LAPE), CAISM—Women’s Hospital, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Vitor B Pelegati
- Department of Quantum Eletronics, “Gleb Wataghin” Institute of Physics, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- INFABIC—National Institute of Science and Technology on Photonics Applied to Cell Biology, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Guilherme O Barbosa
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Guilherme R Mendonça
- Laboratory of Investigative and Molecular Pathology, Center for Investigation in Pediatrics (CIPED), Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Caroline Bondarik
- Laboratory of Investigative and Molecular Pathology, Center for Investigation in Pediatrics (CIPED), Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Sophie F Derchain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences and CAISM—Women’s Hospital, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hernandes F Carvalho
- INFABIC—National Institute of Science and Technology on Photonics Applied to Cell Biology, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carmen S Lima
- Oncology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos L Cesar
- Department of Quantum Eletronics, “Gleb Wataghin” Institute of Physics, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- INFABIC—National Institute of Science and Technology on Photonics Applied to Cell Biology, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Luís Otávio Sarian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences and CAISM—Women’s Hospital, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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100
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Nader JS, Abadie J, Deshayes S, Boissard A, Blandin S, Blanquart C, Boisgerault N, Coqueret O, Guette C, Grégoire M, Pouliquen DL. Characterization of increasing stages of invasiveness identifies stromal/cancer cell crosstalk in rat models of mesothelioma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:16311-16329. [PMID: 29662647 PMCID: PMC5893242 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcomatoid mesothelioma (SM) is a devastating cancer associated with one of the poorest outcome. Therefore, representative preclinical models reproducing different tumor microenvironments (TME) observed in patients would open up new prospects for the identification of markers and evaluation of innovative therapies. Histological analyses of four original models of rat SM revealed their increasing infiltrative and metastatic potential were associated with differences in Ki67 index, blood-vessel density, and T-lymphocyte and macrophage infiltration. In comparison with the noninvasive tumor M5-T2, proteomic analysis demonstrated the three invasive tumors F4-T2, F5-T1 and M5-T1 shared in common a very significant increase in the abundance of the multifunctional proteins galectin-3, prohibitin and annexin A5, and a decrease in proteins involved in cell adhesion, tumor suppression, or epithelial differentiation. The increased metastatic potential of the F5-T1 tumor, relative to F4-T2, was associated with an increased macrophage vs T-cell infiltrate, changes in the levels of expression of a panel of cytokine genes, an increased content of proteins involved in chromatin organization, ribosome structure, splicing, or presenting anti-adhesive properties, and a decreased content of proteins involved in protection against oxidative stress, normoxia and intracellular trafficking. The most invasive tumor, M5-T1, was characterized by a pattern of specific phenotypic and molecular features affecting the presentation of MHC class I-mediated antigens and immune cell infiltration, or involved in the reorganization of the cytoskeleton and composition of the extracellular matrix. These four preclinical models and data represent a new resource available to the cancer research community to catalyze further investigations on invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle S. Nader
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d’Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jérôme Abadie
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d’Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- ONIRIS, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Deshayes
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d’Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Alice Boissard
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
- ICO, Angers, France
| | - Stéphanie Blandin
- Plate-Forme MicroPICell, SFR François Bonamy, Université de Nantes, France
| | | | | | - Olivier Coqueret
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
- ICO, Angers, France
| | - Catherine Guette
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
- ICO, Angers, France
| | - Marc Grégoire
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d’Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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