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Lu CH, Lin SH, Hsieh CH, Chen WT, Chao CY. Enhanced anticancer effects of low-dose curcumin with non-invasive pulsed electric field on PANC-1 cells. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:4723-4732. [PMID: 30127620 PMCID: PMC6091485 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s166264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pulsed electric field (PEF) has been considered as a cell permeability enhancing agent for cancer treatment. Nevertheless, application of PEF for conventional electrochemo-therapy is usually at high intensity, and contact or even invasive electrodes are typically used, which may cause unwanted side effects. In this study, a non-invasive way of applying low intensity, non-contact PEF was adopted to study its combination effect with herb, curcumin, against pancreatic cancer cells and the mechanism involved. Methods The pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells were treated with curcumin and PEF alone or in combination, and MTT assay was used to determine the viability of PANC-1 cells. Apoptosis and uptake of curcumin were analyzed by microscopy and flow cytometry. Western blot was further performed to evaluate the expression of apoptotic proteins. Results Our results demonstrated that PEF synergized with curcumin to inhibit the proliferation of PANC-1 cells in a field strength- and dose-dependent manner and caused apoptotic death of PANC-1 cells. The apoptotic induction of combination treatment was characterized by an increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and cleavage of caspase-8, -9, and -3. Moreover, the increase of curcumin uptake via electro-endocytosis was clearly observed in the cells following the exposure of PEF. Conclusion We show for the first time that a non-contact approach using low intensity electric field in a pulsed waveform could enhance the anticancer effect of low-dose curcumin on PANC-1 cells through triggering both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. The findings highlight the potential of this alternative treatment, non-invasive electric field and curcumin, to increase therapeutic efficacy with minimum cytotoxicity and side effects, which may provide a new aspect of cancer treatment in combination of PEF and other anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chueh-Hsuan Lu
- Department of Physics, Lab for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China, .,Biomedical and Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China,
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Biomedical and Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China,
| | - Chih-Hsiung Hsieh
- Department of Physics, Lab for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China, .,Biomedical and Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China,
| | - Wei-Ting Chen
- Department of Physics, Lab for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China, .,Biomedical and Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China,
| | - Chih-Yu Chao
- Department of Physics, Lab for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China, .,Biomedical and Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China, .,Institute of Applied Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China,
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Jia Y, Wu C, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Li J. Ferruginol induced apoptosis on SK-Mel-28 human malignant melanoma cells mediated through P-p38 and NF-κB. Hum Exp Toxicol 2018; 38:227-238. [PMID: 30086653 DOI: 10.1177/0960327118792050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present investigation, the antitumor effect of ferruginol (FGL) in SK-Mel-28 human malignant melanoma cells was studied. To investigate the cytotoxic property of FGL, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was used. Results revealed that prolonged treatment duration decreases the IC25, IC50, and IC75 concentrations of FGL. The cytotoxicity was further confirmed by lactate dehydrogenase assay. As evident from comet assay, FGL induces DNA damage in a dose-dependent manner. Annexin V and 7-ADD assays showed that FGL-induced DNA damage triggers apoptosis-mediated cell death as confirmed by caspase-3 activity assay. As seen through Western blotting, FGL increases phosphorylation of p38 and nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Further, it was observed that p38 phosphorylation is responsible for NF-κB translocation to the nucleus. Further, inhibition of p38 phosphorylation and translocation of NF-κB decrease caspase-3 activity. The above finding confirms that caspase-3 activation is mediated through P-p38 and nuclear translocation of NF-κB. The present findings indicate that FGL significantly suppresses the proliferation of SK-Mel-28 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner through induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, FGL executes apoptosis through phosphorylation of key protein such as p38 and translocation of NF-κB into the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Jia
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - C Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanxi Dayi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - B Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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Albuquerque KRS, Pacheco NM, del Rosario Loyo Casao T, de Melo FCSA, Novaes RD, Gonçalves RV. Applicability of Plant Extracts in Preclinical Studies of Melanoma: A Systematic Review. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:6797924. [PMID: 30147443 PMCID: PMC6083739 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6797924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer and arises from melanocyte gene mutation. This disease is multifactorial, but its main cause is the excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Currently, available chemotherapy has shown little expressive results, which may justify the high use of natural products to treat this cancer. We performed a systematic review to compile the results of studies carried out in murine models and investigated the effect of plant extracts on melanoma treatment. Papers were selected in MEDLINE/Pubmed and Scopus according to the PRISM statement. Search filters were developed using three parameters: plant extract, melanoma, and animal model. The 35 identified studies were all submitted to the criteria described in the ARRIVE guidelines. The different extracts showed antiangiogenic, antimetastatic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity, and also proved to be effective in cell cycle modulation and apoptosis evasion. Bias analysis evidenced the absence of standardized experimental designs, as well as failures in statistical tests and in the presentation of results. The analysis of the studies suggests that the use of plant extracts is effective for the treatment of melanoma in murine models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nívea Maria Pacheco
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rômulo Dias Novaes
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Structural Biology, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
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The Positive Role of Curcumin-Loaded Salmon Nanoliposomes on the Culture of Primary Cortical Neurons. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16070218. [PMID: 29941790 PMCID: PMC6070829 DOI: 10.3390/md16070218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a natural bioactive compound with many health-promoting benefits. However, its poor water solubility and bioavailability has limited curcumin’s biomedical application. In the present study, we encapsulated curcumin into liposomes, formed from natural sources (salmon lecithin), and characterized its encapsulation efficiency and release profile. The proposed natural carriers increased the solubility and the bioavailability of curcumin. In addition, various physico-chemical properties of the developed soft nanocarriers with and without curcumin were studied. Nanoliposome-encapsulated curcumin increased the viability and network formation in the culture of primary cortical neurons and decreased the rate of apoptosis.
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Elango R, Athinarayanan J, Subbarayan VP, Lei DKY, Alshatwi AA. Hesperetin induces an apoptosis-triggered extrinsic pathway and a p53- independent pathway in human lung cancer H522 cells. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2018; 20:559-569. [PMID: 28537448 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2017.1327949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We studied the chemoprevention property of hesperetin on H522 cells using MTT, an apoptosis assay, an analysis of cell cycle progression, and the mitochondrial membrane potential, and apoptotic marker gene expression was determined using quantitative PCR. Hesperetin enhanced apoptotic cell death and mitochondrial membrane potential loss in H522 cells. Hesperetin up-regulated the levels of Fas, FADD, and caspase-8 expression and downregulted the levels of caspase-3 and caspase-9, p53, and Bax expression in H522 cells. This study shows that hesperetin induces apoptosis in H522 cells via a pathway independentof p53 and Bax but triggers the death-receptor Fas-initiated FADD/ caspase-8-dependent apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Elango
- a Nanobiotechnology and Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture , King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
- b Prince Naif Health Research Center, College of Medicine , King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Jegan Athinarayanan
- a Nanobiotechnology and Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture , King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Vaiyapuri Periasamy Subbarayan
- a Nanobiotechnology and Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture , King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - David K Y Lei
- c Department of Nutrition and Food Science , University of Maryland , College Park 20742 , MD , USA
| | - Ali A Alshatwi
- a Nanobiotechnology and Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture , King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
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Rahimi-Moghaddam F, Azarpira N, Sattarahmady N. Evaluation of a nanocomposite of PEG-curcumin-gold nanoparticles as a near-infrared photothermal agent: an in vitro and animal model investigation. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 33:1769-1779. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2538-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Yao B, Li N, Wang C, Hou G, Meng Q, Yan K. Novel asymmetric 3,5-bis(arylidene)piperidin-4-one derivatives: synthesis, crystal structures and cytotoxicity. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2018; 74:659-665. [PMID: 29870000 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229618006605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
3,5-Bis(arylidene)piperidin-4-one derivatives (BAPs) display good antitumour activity because of their double α,β-unsaturated ketone structural characteristics. Reported BAPs have generally been symmetric and asymmetric BAPs have been little documented. Three asymmetric BAPs, namely (5E)-3-(4-tert-butylbenzylidene)-5-(4-fluorobenzylidene)-1-methylpiperidin-4-one, C24H26FNO, (5), (5E)-3-(4-tert-butylbenzylidene)-5-(3,5-dimethoxybenzylidene)-1-methylpiperidin-4-one, C26H31NO3, (6), and (5E)-3-{3-[(E)-(2,3-dihydroxybenzylidene)amino]benzylidene}-5-(2-fluorobenzylidene)-1-methylpiperidin-4-one, C27H23FN2O3, (12), were generated by Claisen-Schmidt condensation. They are characterized by NMR and FT-IR spectroscopies, and elemental analysis. Single-crystal structure analysis reveals that the two arylidene rings on both sides of the BAP structures adopt an E stereochemistry of the olefinic double bonds and the compounds are E,E isomers. Molecules of (5) and (12) generate one-dimensional chains through intermolecular hydrogen bonds, while compound (6) generates a two-dimensional network through hydrogen bonds. Preliminary cytotoxicities toward human liver hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2), human acute mononuclear granulocyte leukaemia (THP-1) and human normal hepatical cell line (LO2) were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binrong Yao
- School of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhua Wang
- School of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Guige Hou
- School of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingguo Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Yan
- School of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, People's Republic of China
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Li N, Xin WY, Yao BR, Wang CH, Cong W, Zhao F, Li HJ, Hou Y, Meng QG, Hou GG. Novel dissymmetric 3,5-bis(arylidene)-4-piperidones as potential antitumor agents with biological evaluation in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 147:21-33. [PMID: 29421568 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.01.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-five novel dissymmetric 3,5-bis(arylidene)-4-piperidone derivatives (BAPs, 6a-h, 7a-h, 8a-g, 9a-g, 10a-e) were synthesized and evaluated the cytotoxicity. BAPs 6d, 7h, 8g, 9g demonstrated the most potentially inhibitory activities against HepG2 and THP-1 but lower cytotoxicity toward LO2. In vitro, 6d, 7h, 8g, 9g can effectively up-regulate BAX expression, down-regulate Bcl-2 expression in HepG2 cell. They could reasonably bind to the active site of Bcl-2 protein proved by molecular docking modes. The most active BAP 6d induced HepG2 cells apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner by flow cytometrey. The cellular uptake of HepG2 cells showed 6d mainly accumulated into the nuclei by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). In vivo, 6d suppressed the growth of HepG2 xenografts in nude mice and relatively nontoxic to mice. These results suggest that 6d could be therapeutically beneficial as potential therapeutic agent for the early clinical treatment of liver cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- School of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Wen-Yu Xin
- School of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Bin-Rong Yao
- School of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Chun-Hua Wang
- School of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Wei Cong
- School of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Feng Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Hong-Juan Li
- School of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Yun Hou
- School of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Qing-Guo Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gui-Ge Hou
- School of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, PR China.
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Effect of Curcumin-Nanoemulsion Associated with Photodynamic Therapy in Cervical Carcinoma Cell Lines. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:4057959. [PMID: 29581972 PMCID: PMC5822824 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4057959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth cause of cancer death in women. Curcumin has antineoplastic properties. Furthermore, curcumin may be used as a photosensitizing agent in Photodynamic Therapy. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Photodynamic Therapy in cellular viability using curcumin-nanoemulsion as a photosensitizing drug in cervical carcinoma cell lines. The empty nanoemulsion presented very low cytotoxicity in all cell lines analyzed. Additionally, the incubation with curcumin-nanoemulsion at 20 μM of curcumin showed more than 80% of cell viability for cell lines. Nanoemulsions were shown to be internalized inside cells by fluorescence microscopy and were observed in the intracellular environment for up to 36 hours after incubation with cell lines. In addition, after the Photodynamic Therapy we observed a high phototoxic effect of the curcumin-nanoemulsion with less than 5% of viable cells after irradiation. This was accompanied by an increase in caspase-3/caspase-7 activities after cell treatment with curcumin-nanoemulsion and Photodynamic Therapy, suggesting cell death by apoptosis. We conclude that the curcumin-nanoemulsion formulation behaves as a photosensitizing drug in Photodynamic Therapy and shows potential as an alternative treatment to cervical lesions using an endoscopic diode fiber laser setup for in situ activation or cavity activation using a diffuse fiber delivery system.
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Cavaleri F. Presenting a New Standard Drug Model for Turmeric and Its Prized Extract, Curcumin. Int J Inflam 2018; 2018:5023429. [PMID: 29568482 PMCID: PMC5820622 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5023429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Various parts of the turmeric plant have been used as medicinal treatment for various conditions from ulcers and arthritis to cardiovascular disease and neuroinflammation. The rhizome's curcumin extract is the most studied active constituent, which exhibits an expansive polypharmacology with influence on many key inflammatory markers. Despite the expansive reports of curcucmin's therapeutic value, clinical reliability and research repeatability with curcumin treatment are still poor. The pharmacology must be better understood and reliably mapped if curcumin is to be accepted and used in modern medical applications. Although the polypharmacology of this extract has been considered, in mainstream medicine, to be a drawback, a perspective change reveals a comprehensive and even synergistic shaping of the NF-kB pathway, including transactivation. Much of the inconsistent research data and unreliable clinical outcomes may be due to a lack of standardization which also pervades research standard samples. The possibility of other well-known curcumin by-products contributing in the polypharmacology is also discussed. A new flowchart of crosstalk in transduction pathways that lead to shaping of nuclear NF-kB transactivation is generated and a new calibration or standardization protocol for the extract is proposed which could lead to more consistent data extraction and improved reliability in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Cavaleri
- Biologic Pharmamedical Research, 688-2397 King George Blvd., White Rock, BC, Canada V4A7E9
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Nabavi SM, Russo GL, Tedesco I, Daglia M, Orhan IE, Nabavi SF, Bishayee A, Nagulapalli Venkata KC, Abdollahi M, Hajheydari Z. Curcumin and Melanoma: From Chemistry to Medicine. Nutr Cancer 2018; 70:164-175. [PMID: 29300102 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1412485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is the most deadly form of skin cancer, with about 48,000 deaths each year worldwide. Growing evidence suggests that individual nutrients or dietary patterns might have important roles in the prevention of melanoma. Considering that melanoma is a potentially life-threatening cancer, novel protective and adjuvant treatments are needed to improve its prognosis. Curcumin is a bioactive substance extracted from rhizome of Curcuma longa L. Its global market is expected to grow in the next few years, especially in the pharmaceutical industry, due to its numerous physiological and pharmacological properties. For this review, we collected the available data on the protective and therapeutic role of curcumin against melanoma. We also discuss the chemistry, dietary sources, bioavailability, and metabolism of curcumin, and the mechanisms of action of its potential anticancer effects at the molecular level. Current challenges and future directions for research are also critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- a Applied Biotechnology Research Center , Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Gian Luigi Russo
- b Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council , Avellino , Italy
| | - Idolo Tedesco
- b Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council , Avellino , Italy
| | - Maria Daglia
- c Department of Drug Sciences , Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy
| | - Ilkay Erdogan Orhan
- d Department of Pharmacognosy , Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- a Applied Biotechnology Research Center , Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- e Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, Larkin University , Miami , Florida , USA
| | | | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- f Toxicology and Diseases Group , Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Zohreh Hajheydari
- g Department of Dermatology , Boo-Ali Sina (Avicenna) Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences , Sari , Iran
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Son HE, Kim EJ, Jang WG. Curcumin induces osteoblast differentiation through mild-endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated such as BMP2 on osteoblast cells. Life Sci 2017; 193:34-39. [PMID: 29223538 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Curcumin (diferuloylmethane or [1E,6E]-1,7-bis[4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl]-1,6heptadiene-3,5-dione) is a phenolic natural product derived from the rhizomes of the turmeric plant, Curcuma longa. It is reported to have various biological actions such as anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects. However, the molecular mechanism of osteoblast differentiation by curcumin has not yet been reported. MAIN METHODS The cytotoxicity of curcumin was identified using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Expression of osteogenic markers and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers in C3H1-T1/2 cells were measured using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining was performed to assess ALP activity in C3H10T1/2 cells. Transcriptional activity was detected using a luciferase reporter assay. KEY FINDINGS Curcumin increased the expression of genes such as distal-less homeobox 5 (Dlx5), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), ALP, and osteocalcin (OC), which subsequently induced osteoblast differentiation in C3H10T1/2 cells. In addition, ALP activity and mineralization was found to be increased by curcumin treatment. Curcumin also induced mild ER stress similar to bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) function in osteoblast cells. Next, we confirmed that curcumin increased mild ER stress and osteoblast differentiation similar to BMP2 in C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cells. Transient transfection studies also showed that curcumin increased ATF6-Luc activity, while decreasing the activities of CREBH-Luc and SMILE-Luc. In addition, similar to BMP2, curcumin induced the phosphorylation of Smad 1/5/9. SIGNIFICANCE Overall, these results demonstrate that curcumin-induced mild ER stress increases osteoblast differentiation via ATF6 expression in C3H10T1/2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Eun Son
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Anti-Aging, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Kim
- Research Institute of Anti-Aging, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea; Department of Immunology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.
| | - Won-Gu Jang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Anti-Aging, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea.
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Kangarlou S, Ramezanpour S, Balalaie S, Roudbar Mohammadi S, Haririan I. Curcumin-loaded nanoliposomes linked to homing peptides for integrin targeting and neuropilin-1-mediated internalization. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:277-285. [PMID: 27937055 PMCID: PMC6130459 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1261301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Curcumin, a naturally occurring polyphenol, has been extensively studied for its broad-spectrum anticancer effects. The potential benefits are, however, limited due to its poor water solubility and rapid degradation which result in low bioavailability on administration. OBJECTIVES This study encapsulates curcumin in nanoliposomes including an integrin-homing peptide combined with a C end R neuropilin-1 targeting motif for targeted delivery and receptor-mediated internalization, respectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS The linear GHHNGR (Glycine-Histidine-Histidine-Asparagine-Glycine-Arginine) was synthesized through F-moc chemistry on 2-chlorotrityl chloride resin and conjugated to oleic acid. The lipoyl-peptide units were then co-assembled with lecithin and 0-75 mole % Tween-80 into liposomes. Curcumin was passively entrapped using a film hydration technique and its degradation profile was examined within seven consecutive days. The cytotoxic effects of the curcumin-loaded liposomes were studied on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468, during 24 h exposure in MTT assay. RESULTS The maximum curcumin entrapment (15.5% W/W) and minimum degradation (< 23%) were obtained in a pH switch loading method from 5.7 to 8, in nanoliposomes (< 50 nm) containing oleyl-peptide, lecithin and Tween-80 (1:1:0.75 mole ratio). The oleyl-peptide did not prove any haemolytic activity (< 1.5%) up to 10-fold of its experimental concentration. The curcumin-loaded liposomes displayed significant reduction in the viabilities of MCF-7 (IC50 3.8 μM) and MDA-MB-468 (IC50 5.4 μM). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION This study indicated potential advantages of the peptide-conjugated liposomes in drug transport to the cancer cells. This feature might be an outcome of probable interactions between the targeted nanoliposomes with the integrin and neuropilin-1 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sogol Kangarlou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sorour Ramezanpour
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Balalaie
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahla Roudbar Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Mycology School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ismaeil Haririan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Medical Biomaterials Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Johnson W, Tchounwou PB, Yedjou CG. Therapeutic Mechanisms of Vernonia amygdalina Delile in the Treatment of Prostate Cancer. Molecules 2017; 22:E1594. [PMID: 28937624 PMCID: PMC5661957 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer patients have been suffering from limited treatment options due to late diagnosis, poor drug tolerance, and multi-drug resistance to almost all the current drug treatments. Therefore, it is important to seek a new alternative therapeutic medicine that can effectively prevent the disease and even eradicate the progression and metastasis of prostate cancer. Vernonia amygdalina Delile (VAD) is a common edible vegetable in Cameroon that has been used as a traditional medicine for some human diseases. However, to the best of our knowledge, no previous reports have explored its therapeutic efficacy against human prostate cancer. The objective of the present study was to assess the anticancer activities of VAD methanolic extracts in the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer using human androgen-independent prostate cancer (PC-3) cells as a test model. To achieve our objective, PC-3 cells were treated with various doses of VAD for 48 h. Data generated from the trypan blue test and MTT assay demonstrated that VAD extracts exhibited significant growth-inhibitory effects on PC-3 cells. Collectively, we established for the first time the antiproliferative effects of VAD on PC-3 cells, with an IC50 value of about 196.6 µg/mL. Further experiments, including cell morphology, lipid peroxidation and comet assays, and apoptosis analysis showed that VAD caused growth-inhibitory effects on PC-3 cells through the induction of cell growth arrest, DNA damage, apoptosis, and necrosis in vitro and may provide protection from oxidative stress diseases as a result of its high antioxidant content. These results provide useful data on the anticancer activities of VAD for prostate cancer and demonstrate the novel possibilities of this medicinal plant for developing prostate cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Johnson
- Natural Chemotherapeutics Research Laboratory, NIH-RCMI Center for Environmental Health College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, P.O. Box 18540, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
| | - Paul B Tchounwou
- Natural Chemotherapeutics Research Laboratory, NIH-RCMI Center for Environmental Health College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, P.O. Box 18540, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
| | - Clement G Yedjou
- Natural Chemotherapeutics Research Laboratory, NIH-RCMI Center for Environmental Health College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, P.O. Box 18540, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
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Hasanpourghadi M, Pandurangan AK, Mustafa MR. Modulation of oncogenic transcription factors by bioactive natural products in breast cancer. Pharmacol Res 2017; 128:376-388. [PMID: 28923544 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Carcinogenesis, a multi-step phenomenon, characterized by alterations at genetic level and affecting the main intracellular pathways controlling cell growth and development. There are growing number of evidences linking oncogenes to the induction of malignancies, especially breast cancer. Modulations of oncogenes lead to gain-of-function signals in the cells and contribute to the tumorigenic phenotype. These signals yield a large number of proteins that cause cell growth and inhibit apoptosis. Transcription factors such as STAT, p53, NF-κB, c-JUN and FOXM1, are proteins that are conserved among species, accumulate in the nucleus, bind to DNA and regulate the specific genes targets. Oncogenic transcription factors resulting from the mutation or overexpression following aberrant gene expression relay the signals in the nucleus and disrupt the transcription pattern. Activation of oncogenic transcription factors is associated with control of cell cycle, apoptosis, migration and cell differentiation. Among different cancer types, breast cancer is one of top ten cancers worldwide. There are different subtypes of breast cancer cell-lines such as non-aggressive MCF-7 and aggressive and metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells, which are identified with distinct molecular profile and different levels of oncogenic transcription factor. For instance, MDA-MB-231 carries mutated and overexpressed p53 with its abnormal, uncontrolled downstream signalling pathway that account for resistance to several anticancer drugs compared to MCF-7 cells with wild-type p53. Appropriate enough, inhibition of oncogenic transcription factors has become a potential target in discovery and development of anti-tumour drugs against breast cancer. Plants produce diverse amount of organic metabolites. Universally, these metabolites with biological activities are known as "natural products". The chemical structure and function of natural products have been studied since 1850s. Investigating these properties leaded to recognition of their molecular effects as anticancer drugs. Numerous natural products extracted from plants, fruits, mushrooms and mycelia, show potential inhibitory effects against several oncogenic transcription factors in breast cancer. Natural compounds that target oncogenic transcription factors have increased the number of candidate therapeutic agents. This review summarizes the current findings of natural products in targeting specific oncogenic transcription factors in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohadeseh Hasanpourghadi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ashok Kumar Pandurangan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Rais Mustafa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Centre for Natural Products Research and Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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66
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Seo SU, Kim TH, Kim DE, Min KJ, Kwon TK. NOX4-mediated ROS production induces apoptotic cell death via down-regulation of c-FLIP and Mcl-1 expression in combined treatment with thioridazine and curcumin. Redox Biol 2017; 13:608-622. [PMID: 28806703 PMCID: PMC5554966 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Thioridazine is known to have anti-tumor effects by inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling, which is an important signaling pathway in cell survival. However, thioridazine alone does not induce apoptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (AMC-HN4), human breast carcinoma (MDA-MB231), and human glioma (U87MG) cells. Therefore, we investigated whether combined treatment with thioridazine and curcumin induces apoptosis. Combined treatment with thioridazine and curcumin markedly induced apoptosis in cancer cells without inducing apoptosis in human normal mesangial cells and human normal umbilical vein cells (EA.hy926). We found that combined treatment with thioridazine and curcumin had synergistic effects in AMC-HN4 cells. Among apoptosis-related proteins, thioridazine plus curcumin induced down-regulation of c-FLIP and Mcl-1 expression at the post-translational levels in a proteasome-dependent manner. Augmentation of proteasome activity was related to the up-regulation of proteasome subunit alpha 5 (PSMA5) expression in curcumin plus thioridazine-treated cells. Combined treatment with curcumin and thioridazine produced intracellular ROS in a NOX4-dependent manner, and ROS-mediated activation of Nrf2/ARE signaling played a critical role in the up-regulation of PSMA5 expression. Furthermore, ectopic expression of c-FLIP and Mcl-1 inhibited apoptosis in thioridazine and curcumin-treated cells. Therefore, we demonstrated that thioridazine plus curcumin induces proteasome activity by up-regulating PSMA5 expression via NOX4-mediated ROS production and that down-regulation of c-FLIP and Mcl-1 expression post-translationally is involved in apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Un Seo
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 2800 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 704-701, South Korea
| | - Tae Hwan Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 2800 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 704-701, South Korea
| | - Dong Eun Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 2800 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 704-701, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Jin Min
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 2800 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 704-701, South Korea.
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 2800 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 704-701, South Korea.
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67
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Milani A, Basirnejad M, Shahbazi S, Bolhassani A. Carotenoids: biochemistry, pharmacology and treatment. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:1290-1324. [PMID: 27638711 PMCID: PMC5429337 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 366] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids and retinoids have several similar biological activities such as antioxidant properties, the inhibition of malignant tumour growth and the induction of apoptosis. Supplementation with carotenoids can affect cell growth and modulate gene expression and immune responses. Epidemiological studies have shown a correlation between a high carotenoid intake in the diet with a reduced risk of breast, cervical, ovarian, colorectal cancers, and cardiovascular and eye diseases. Cancer chemoprevention by dietary carotenoids involves several mechanisms, including effects on gap junctional intercellular communication, growth factor signalling, cell cycle progression, differentiation-related proteins, retinoid-like receptors, antioxidant response element, nuclear receptors, AP-1 transcriptional complex, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, carotenoids can stimulate the proliferation of B- and T-lymphocytes, the activity of macrophages and cytotoxic T-cells, effector T-cell function and the production of cytokines. Recently, the beneficial effects of carotenoid-rich vegetables and fruits in health and in decreasing the risk of certain diseases has been attributed to the major carotenoids, β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, zeaxanthin, crocin (/crocetin) and curcumin, due to their antioxidant effects. It is thought that carotenoids act in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In this review, we briefly describe the biological and immunological activities of the main carotenoids used for the treatment of various diseases and their possible mechanisms of action. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Principles of Pharmacological Research of Nutraceuticals. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.11/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Milani
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDSPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | | | - Sepideh Shahbazi
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDSPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Azam Bolhassani
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDSPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
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Abdollahi E, Momtazi AA, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A. Therapeutic effects of curcumin in inflammatory and immune‐mediated diseases: A nature‐made jack‐of‐all‐trades? J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:830-848. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Abdollahi
- Department of Medical ImmunologySchool of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Student Research CommitteeMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Amir Abbas Momtazi
- Student Research Committee, Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Medical BiotechnologySchool of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Thomas P. Johnston
- Division of Pharmaceutical SciencesSchool of Pharmacy, University of Missouri‐Kansas CityKansas CityMissouri
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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Lelli D, Pedone C, Sahebkar A. Curcumin and treatment of melanoma: The potential role of microRNAs. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 88:832-834. [PMID: 28167449 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.01.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer and is characterized by poor prognosis in its advanced stages because treatments are poorly effective and burdened with severe adverse effects. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that are implicated in several cellular processes; they are categorized as oncogenic and tumor suppressor miRNAs. Several miRNAs are implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of melanoma, such as the tumor suppressor miR-let7b that targets cyclin D and regulates cell cycle. Curcumin is a natural compound derived from Curcuma longa L. (turmeric) with anti-cancer properties, documented also in melanoma, and is well tolerated in humans. Pharmacological activity of curcumin is mediated by modulation of several pathways, such as JAK-2/STAT3, thus inhibiting melanoma cell migration and invasion and enhancing apoptosis of these cells. The low oral bioavailability of curcumin has led to the development of curcumin analogues, such as EF24, with greater anti-tumor efficacy and metabolic stability. Potential anti-cancer activity of curcumin and its analogues is also mediated by modulation of miRNAs such as miR21, that is implicated in cell cycle regulation and apoptosis through down-regulation of PTEN and PDCD4 proteins. Curcumin has a potential role in the treatment of melanoma, though further studies are necessary to explore its clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Lelli
- Unit of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Pedone
- Unit of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Amirhosssein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Singh S, Zafar A, Khan S, Naseem I. Towards therapeutic advances in melanoma management: An overview. Life Sci 2017; 174:50-58. [PMID: 28238718 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most aggressive types of skin cancer with rapidly increasing incidence rate. The disease is largely considered incurable and the patients diagnosed with metastatic melanoma have a survival of not more than five years. Despite of the recent advances in anti-melanoma chemo- and immunotherapies, the available drugs are relatively toxic and responsive to only a limited subset of lesions. Currently, topical pharmacotherapy is demonstrated as an effective approach for the treatment of various skin cancers. Also, in vitro testing of melanoma cell lines and murine melanoma models has identified a number of relatively safe and effective phytochemicals. In this review, we described the use of topical pharmacotherapy for the treatment of skin cancers. Melanoma treatment by drugs targeting MAPK-pathway has also been discussed. Long non-coding RNAs and therapeutics targeting ER-associated pathways looks quite promising for the treatment of melanoma. Moreover, some natural anticancer compounds that have been reported to have anti-melanoma effects have also been described. At present a better understanding of genetics and epigenetics of initiation and progression of melanoma is needed for the identification of novel biomarkers and development of targeted therapeutics against melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarnendra Singh
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | - Atif Zafar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saman Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Imrana Naseem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Gong F, Chen D, Teng X, Ge J, Ning X, Shen YL, Li J, Wang S. Curcumin-Loaded Blood-Stable Polymeric Micelles for Enhancing Therapeutic Effect on Erythroleukemia. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:2585-2594. [PMID: 28199114 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b01171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin has high potential in suppressing many types of cancer and overcoming multidrug resistance in a multifaceted manner by targeting diverse molecular targets. However, the rather low systemic bioavailability resulted from its poor solubility in water and fast metabolism/excretion in vivo has hampered its applications in cancer therapy. To increase the aqueous solubility of curcumin while retaining the stability in blood circulation, here we report curcumin-loaded copolymer micelles with excellent in vitro and in vivo stability and antitumor efficacy. The two copolymers used for comparison were methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) (mPEG-PCL) and N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-l-phenylalanine end-capped mPEG-PCL (mPEG-PCL-Phe(Boc)). In vitro cytotoxicity evaluation against human pancreatic SW1990 cell line showed that the delivery of curcumin in mPEG-PCL-Phe(Boc) micelles to cancer cells was efficient and dosage-dependent. The pharmacokinetics in ICR mice indicated that intravenous (i.v.) administration of curcumin/mPEG-PCL-Phe(Boc) micelles could retain curcumin in plasma much better than curcumin/mPEG-PCL micelles. Biodistribution results in Sprague-Dawley rats also showed higher uptake and slower elimination of curcumin into liver, lung, kidney, and brain, and lower uptake into heart and spleen of mPEG-PCL-Phe(Boc) micelles, as compared with mPEG-PCL micelles. Further in vivo efficacy evaluation in multidrug-resistant human erythroleukemia K562/ADR xenograft model revealed that i.v. administration of curcumin-loaded mPEG-PCL-Phe(Boc) micelles significantly delayed tumor growth, which was attributed to the improved stability of curcumin in the bloodstream and increased systemic bioavailability. The mPEG-PCL-Phe(Boc) micellar system is promising in overcoming the key challenge of curcumin's to promote its applications in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feirong Gong
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Dan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xin Teng
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Junhua Ge
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xianfeng Ning
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Ya-Ling Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shanfeng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee , Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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Balasubramanian S, Roselin P, Singh KK, Zachariah J, Saxena SN. Postharvest Processing and Benefits of Black Pepper, Coriander, Cinnamon, Fenugreek, and Turmeric Spices. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 56:1585-607. [PMID: 25747463 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2012.759901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Spices are prime source for flavor, aroma, and taste in cuisines and play an active role as medicines due to their high antioxidant properties. As medicine or food, the importance of spices cannot be overemphasized. The medicinal values of spices are very well established in treating various ailments like cancer, fever, malaria, stomach offset, nausea, and many more. A spice may be available in several forms: fresh, whole dried, or pre-ground dried which requires further processing to be utilized in the form of value-added product. This review paper deals with the cultivation, postharvesting, chemical composition, uses, health, and medicinal benefits of the selected spice viz., black pepper, coriander, cinnamon, fenugreek, turmeric, and technological advances in processing of spices viz., super critical fluid extraction, cryogenic grinding, and microencapsulation etc. This paper also focuses on issues related to utilization of spices toward its high end-product development and characterization in pharmaceuticals and other medicinal purposes. The availability of different spices and their varietal differences and location have their pertinent characters, which are much demanding to refine postharvest and processing to assure its quality in the international market.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Balasubramanian
- a ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering Regional Centre (Indian Council of Agricultural Research) , Coimbatore , Tamilnadu , India
| | - P Roselin
- b Department of Food Processing & Engineering , Karunya University , Coimbatore , Tamilnadu , India
| | - K K Singh
- c ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering (Indian Council of Agricultural Research) , Nabibagh , Bhopal , India
| | - John Zachariah
- d ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), Kozhikode (Calicut) , Kerala , India
| | - S N Saxena
- e Plant Physiology, National Seed Centre on Seed Spices , Ajmer , Rajasthan , India
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73
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Ooko E, Kadioglu O, Greten HJ, Efferth T. Pharmacogenomic Characterization and Isobologram Analysis of the Combination of Ascorbic Acid and Curcumin-Two Main Metabolites of Curcuma longa-in Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:38. [PMID: 28210221 PMCID: PMC5288649 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcuma longa has long been used in China and India as anti-inflammatory agent to treat a wide variety of conditions and also as a spice for varied curry preparations. The chemoprofile of the Curcuma species exhibits the presence of varied phytochemicals with curcumin being present in all three species but AA only being shown in C. longa. This study explored the effect of a curcumin/AA combination on human cancer cell lines. The curcumin/AA combination was assessed by isobologram analysis using the Loewe additivity drug interaction model. The drug combination showed additive cytotoxicity toward CCRF-CEM and CEM/ADR5000 leukemia cell lines and HCT116p53+/+ and HCT116p53−/− colon cancer cell line, while the glioblastoma cell lines U87MG and U87MG.ΔEGFR showed additive to supra-additive cytotoxicity. Gene expression profiles predicting sensitivity and resistance of tumor cells to induction by curcumin and AA were determined by microarray-based mRNA expressions, COMPARE, and hierarchical cluster analyses. Numerous genes involved in transcription (TFAM, TCERG1, RGS13, C11orf31), apoptosis-regulation (CRADD, CDK7, CDK19, CD81, TOM1) signal transduction (NR1D2, HMGN1, ABCA1, DE4ND4B, TRIM27) DNA repair (TOPBP1, RPA2), mRNA metabolism (RBBP4, HNRNPR, SRSF4, NR2F2, PDK1, TGM2), and transporter genes (ABCA1) correlated with cellular responsiveness to curcumin and ascorbic acid. In conclusion, this study shows the effect of the curcumin/AA combination and identifies several candidate genes that may regulate the response of varied cancer cells to curcumin and AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edna Ooko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Onat Kadioglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Henry J Greten
- Heidelberg School of Chinese MedicineHeidelberg, Germany; Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of PortoPorto, Portugal
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
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Falah RR, Talib WH, Shbailat SJ. Combination of metformin and curcumin targets breast cancer in mice by angiogenesis inhibition, immune system modulation and induction of p53 independent apoptosis. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2017; 9:235-252. [PMID: 28491145 PMCID: PMC5405996 DOI: 10.1177/1758834016687482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The effects of metformin (MET) and curcumin (CUR) single treatments have been tested against breast cancer; however, their combination has not been explored. Here, we evaluated the antitumor activity of MET and CUR combination against breast cancer in mice. Materials and methods: The antiproliferative activity of single and combined treatments against breast cancer cell lines was determined. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Trp53 expression was examined in EMT6/P cells. In vivo studies were carried out by inoculating BALB/c mice with EMT6/P cells and examining tumor growth and apoptosis induction in tumor sections. Furthermore, serum levels of different cytokines and transaminases and creatinine were measured to detect the immune response and toxicity, respectively. Results: The combination treatment exhibited the highest effects against tumor proliferation and growth. It significantly reduced VEGF expression, induced Trp53 independent apoptosis, triggered Th2 immune response and showed no toxicity. Conclusion: The combination can be a potential therapeutic option to treat breast cancer. However, further testing is needed to measure the exact serum levels of MET and CUR and to further explain the obtained results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabah Rashad Falah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Wamidh H Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, 11931-166, Jordan
| | - Seba Jamal Shbailat
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
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Isola AL, Eddy K, Chen S. Biology, Therapy and Implications of Tumor Exosomes in the Progression of Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2016; 8:E110. [PMID: 27941674 PMCID: PMC5187508 DOI: 10.3390/cancers8120110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States, and about 6% of the estimated cancer diagnoses this year will be melanoma cases. Melanomas are derived from transformation of the pigment producing cells of the skin, melanocytes. Early stage melanoma is usually curable by surgical resection, but late stage or subsequent secondary metastatic tumors are treated with some success with chemotherapies, radiation and/or immunotherapies. Most cancer patients die from metastatic disease, which is especially the case in melanoma. A better understanding of tumor metastasis will provide insights and guide rational therapeutic designs. Recently, the importance of melanoma-derived exosomes in the progression of that cancer has become more apparent, namely, their role in various stages of metastasis, including the induction of migration, invasion, primary niche manipulation, immune modulation and pre-metastatic niche formation. This review focuses on the critical roles that melanoma exosomes play in the progression of this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison L Isola
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
- Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Rutgers, The State University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
| | - Kevinn Eddy
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
| | - Suzie Chen
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
- Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Rutgers, The State University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
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Santos PASR, Avanço GB, Nerilo SB, Marcelino RIA, Janeiro V, Valadares MC, Machinski M. Assessment of Cytotoxic Activity of Rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis L.), Turmeric ( Curcuma longa L.), and Ginger ( Zingiber officinale R.) Essential Oils in Cervical Cancer Cells (HeLa). ScientificWorldJournal 2016; 2016:9273078. [PMID: 28042599 PMCID: PMC5155122 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9273078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of rosemary (REO, Rosmarinus officinalis L.), turmeric (CEO, Curcuma longa L.), and ginger (GEO, Zingiber officinale R.) essential oils in HeLa cells. Cytotoxicity tests were performed in vitro, using tetrazolium (MTT) and neutral red assays for evaluation of antiproliferative activity by different mechanisms, trypan blue assay to assess cell viability and evaluation of cell morphology for Giemsa to observe the cell damage, and Annexin V to evaluate cell death by apoptosis. CEO and GEO exhibited potent cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells. IC50 obtained was 36.6 μg/mL for CEO and 129.9 μg/mL for GEO. The morphology of HeLa cells showed condensation of chromatin, loss of cell membrane integrity with protrusions (blebs), and cell content leakage for cells treated with CEO and GEO, from the lowest concentrations studied, 32.81 μg/mL of CEO and 32.12 μg/mL of GEO. The Annexin V assay revealed a profile of cell death by apoptosis for both CEO and GEO. The results indicate cytotoxic activity in vitro for CEO and GEO, suggesting potential use as anticancer agents for cervical cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. A. S. R. Santos
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - G. B. Avanço
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - S. B. Nerilo
- University Center Inga (UNINGÁ), Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - R. I. A. Marcelino
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Cellular Toxicology-LFTC/FARMATEC, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, GO, Brazil
| | - V. Janeiro
- Department of Statistics, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - M. C. Valadares
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Cellular Toxicology-LFTC/FARMATEC, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, GO, Brazil
| | - Miguel Machinski
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
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Xu HJ, Jiang WD, Feng L, Liu Y, Wu P, Jiang J, Kuang SY, Tang L, Tang WN, Zhang YA, Zhou XQ. Dietary vitamin C deficiency depressed the gill physical barriers and immune barriers referring to Nrf2, apoptosis, MLCK, NF-κB and TOR signaling in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) under infection of Flavobacterium columnare. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 58:177-192. [PMID: 27640333 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the effects of vitamin C on the physical barriers and immune barriers, and relative mRNA levels of signaling molecules in the gill of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) under infection of Flavobacterium columnare. The results indicated that compared with optimal vitamin C supplementation, vitamin C deficiency (2.9 mg/kg diet) (1) increased reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl (PC) contents (P < 0.05), decreased the copper/zinc superoxide dismutase, manganese superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities and mRNA levels (P < 0.05), and glutathione and vitamin C contents (P < 0.05), down-regulated NF-E2-related factor 2 mRNA level (P < 0.05), and up-regulated Kelch-like ECH-associating protein (Keap) 1a (rather than Keap1b) mRNA level (P < 0.05) in the gill of grass carp under infection of F. columnare, suggesting that vitamin C deficiency induced oxidative injury in fish gill; (2) up-regulated caspase-3, -7, -8, -9, Fas ligand, B-cell lymphoma protein 2 associated X protein, apoptotic protease activating factor-1 mRNA levels (P < 0.05), and down-regulated inhibitor of apoptosis protein and B-cell lymphoma-2 (rather than myeloid cell leukemia-1) mRNA level (P < 0.05) in the gill of grass carp under infection of F. columnare, suggesting that vitamin C deficiency aggravated cell apoptosis in fish gill; (3) up-regulated pore-forming TJs Claudin-12, 15a, -15b, and related signaling molecules myosin light chain kinase, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (rather than c-Jun N-terminal kinases) mRNA levels (P < 0.05), and down-regulated barrier-forming TJs Occludin, zonula occludens (ZO) 1, ZO-2, Claudin-c, -3c, -7a, -7b mRNA levels (P < 0.05) in the gill of grass carp under infection of F. columnare, suggesting that vitamin C deficiency disrupted tight junctional complexes in fish gill; (4) decreased lysozyme and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities, and complement 3 (C3), C4 and IgM contents (P < 0.05), down-regulated the mRNA levels of antimicrobial peptides liver expressed antimicrobial peptide (LEAP) 2A, LEAP-2B, Hepcidin, β-defensin mRNA levels (P < 0.05) in the gill of grass carp under infection of F. columnare, suggesting that vitamin C deficiency decrease fish gill immune function; (5) down-regulated the mRNA levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines-related factors interleukin 10 (IL-10), IL-11, transforming growth factor (TGF) β1, TGF-β2, inhibitor of κBa and eIF4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) (rather than 4E-BP2) (P < 0.05), and up-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines-related factors interferon γ2, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12 P35, IL-12 P40, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65 (rather than NF-κB p52), IκB kinases (IKK) (only IKKα and IKKγ), target of rapamycin and ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 mRNA levels (P < 0.05) in the gill of grass carp under infection of F. columnare, suggesting that vitamin C deficiency aggravated fish gill inflammation. In conclusion, vitamin C deficiency disrupted physical barriers and immune barriers, and regulated relative mRNA levels of signaling molecules in fish gill. The vitamin C requirement for against gill rot morbidity of grass carp (264-1031 g) was estimated to be 156.0 mg/kg diet. In addition, based on the gill biochemical indices (antioxidant indices MDA, PC and vitamin C contents, and immune indices LA and ACP activity) the vitamin C requirements for grass carp (264-1031 g) were estimated to be 116.8, 156.6, 110.8, 57.8 and 134.9 mg/kg diet, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Jun Xu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Sheng-Yao Kuang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Wu-Neng Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Cancer prevention and therapy through the modulation of transcription factors by bioactive natural compounds. Semin Cancer Biol 2016; 40-41:35-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Crocetin exploits p53-induced death domain (PIDD) and FAS-associated death domain (FADD) proteins to induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32979. [PMID: 27622714 PMCID: PMC5020693 DOI: 10.1038/srep32979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressor p53 preserves the genomic integrity by restricting anomaly at the gene level. The hotspots for mutation in half of all colon cancers reside in p53. Hence, in a p53-mutated cellular milieu targeting cancer cells may be achievable by targeting the paralogue(s) of p53. Here we have shown the effectiveness of crocetin, a dietary component, in inducing apoptosis of colon cancer cells with varying p53 status. In wild-type p53-expressing cancer cells, p53 in one hand transactivates BAX and in parallel up-regulates p53-induced death domain protein (PIDD) that in turn cleaves and activates BID through caspase-2. Both BAX and t-BID converge at mitochondria to alter the transmembrane potential thereby leading to caspase-9 and caspase-3-mediated apoptosis. In contrast, in functional p53-impaired cells, this phytochemical exploits p53-paralogue p73, which up-regulates FAS to cleave BID through FAS-FADD-caspase-8-pathway. These findings not only underline the phenomenon of functional switch-over from p53 to p73 in p53-impaired condition, but also validate p73 as a promising and potential target for cancer therapy in absence of functional p53.
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Czemplik M, Mierziak J, Szopa J, Kulma A. Flavonoid C-glucosides Derived from Flax Straw Extracts Reduce Human Breast Cancer Cell Growth In vitro and Induce Apoptosis. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:282. [PMID: 27630565 PMCID: PMC5006111 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Flax straw of flax varieties that are grown for oil production is a by product which represents a considerable biomass source. Therefore, its potential application for human use is of high interest. Our research has revealed that flax straw is rich in flavonoid C-glucosides, including vitexin, orientin, and isoorientin. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and possible proapoptotic effect of flax straw derived C-glucosides of flavonoids in the human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7). The effects of flax straw derived flavonoid C-glucosides on cell proliferation of MCF-7 cells were evaluated by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and sulforhodamine B assays. The expression of apoptosis-related genes was assessed by real-time PCR. Our data revealed that flax C-glucosides as well as pure compounds are cytotoxic toward MCF-7 cells and inhibit their proliferation. Moreover, the induction of apoptosis was correlated with the changes in the mRNA level of pro-apoptotic genes. Increased expression of bax and caspase-7, -8, and -9 and decreased mRNA expression of bcl-2 was observed, whereas the mRNA levels of p53 and mdm2 were not altered. These results clearly demonstrated that flax straw metabolites effectively induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in human breast adenocarcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Czemplik
- Department of Physico-Chemistry of Microorganisms, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław Poland
| | | | - Jan Szopa
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, WrocławPoland; Linum Foundation, WrocławPoland; Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Production, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, WrocławPoland
| | - Anna Kulma
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław Poland
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82
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Yin DL, Liang YJ, Zheng TS, Song RP, Wang JB, Sun BS, Pan SH, Qu LD, Liu JR, Jiang HC, Liu LX. EF24 inhibits tumor growth and metastasis via suppressing NF-kappaB dependent pathways in human cholangiocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32167. [PMID: 27571770 PMCID: PMC5004153 DOI: 10.1038/srep32167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A synthetic monoketone analog of curcumin, termed 3, 5-bis (2-flurobenzylidene) piperidin-4-one (EF24), has been reported to inhibit the growth of a variety of cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. However, whether EF24 has anticancer effects on cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells and the mechanisms remain to be investigated. The aim of our study was to evaluate the molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of EF24 on CCA tumor growth and metastasis. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, tumorigenesis and metastasis were examined. EF24 exhibited time- and dose-dependent inhibitory effects on HuCCT-1, TFK-1 and HuH28 human CCA cell lines. EF24 inhibited CCA cell proliferation, migration, and induced G2/M phase arrest. EF24 induced cell apoptosis along with negative regulation of NF-κB- X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) signaling pathway. XIAP inhibition by lentivirus mediated RNA interference enhanced EF24-induced apoptosis, while XIAP overexpression reduced it in CCA cells. In vivo, EF24 significantly suppressed the growth of CCA tumor xenografts and tumor metastasis while displaying low toxicity levels. Our findings indicate that EF24 is a potent antitumor agent that inhibits tumor growth and metastasis by inhibiting NF-κB dependent signaling pathways. EF24 may represent a novel approach for CCA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Long Yin
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education. No23, Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P.R.China.,Department of Pharmacology, The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine- Pharmaceutics of China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China
| | - Ying-Jian Liang
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education. No23, Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P.R.China
| | - Tong-Sen Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education. No23, Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P.R.China
| | - Rui-Peng Song
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education. No23, Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P.R.China.,Department of Pharmacology, The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine- Pharmaceutics of China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China
| | - Jia-Bei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education. No23, Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P.R.China
| | - Bo-Shi Sun
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education. No23, Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P.R.China
| | - Shang-Ha Pan
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education. No23, Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P.R.China
| | - Lian-Dong Qu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Ren Liu
- Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hong-Chi Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education. No23, Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P.R.China
| | - Lian-Xin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education. No23, Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P.R.China.,Department of Pharmacology, The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine- Pharmaceutics of China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China
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Xu J, Wu P, Jiang WD, Liu Y, Jiang J, Kuang SY, Tang L, Tang WN, Zhang YA, Zhou XQ, Feng L. Optimal dietary protein level improved growth, disease resistance, intestinal immune and physical barrier function of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 55:64-87. [PMID: 27211261 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of dietary proteins on the growth, disease resistance, intestinal immune and physical barrier functions of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). A total of 540 young grass carp (264.11 ± 0.76 g) were fed six diets containing graded levels of protein (143.1, 176.7, 217.2, 257.5, 292.2 and 322.8 g digestible protein kg(-1) diet) for 8 weeks. After the growth trial, fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila and mortalities were recorded for 14 days. The results indicated that optimal dietary protein levels: increased the production of antibacterial components, up-regulated anti-inflammatory cytokines, inhibitor of κBα, target of rapamycin and ribosomal protein S6 kinases 1 mRNA levels, whereas down-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) P65, NF-κB P52, c-Rel, IκB kinase β, IκB kinase γ and eIF4E-binding proteins 2 mRNA levels in three intestinal segments of young grass carp (P < 0.05), suggesting that optimal dietary protein level could enhance fish intestinal immune barrier function; up-regulated the mRNA levels of tight junction complexes, B-cell lymphoma protein-2, inhibitor of apoptosis proteins, myeloid cell leukemia-1 and NF-E2-related factor 2, and increased the activities and mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes, whereas down-regulated myosin light chain kinase, cysteinyl aspartic acid-protease 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, fatty acid synthetase ligand, apoptotic protease activating factor-1, Bcl-2 associated X protein, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase and Kelch-like-ECH-associated protein 1b mRNA levels, and decreased reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl contents in three intestinal segments of young grass carp (P < 0.05), indicating that optimal dietary protein level could improve fish intestinal physical barrier function. Finally, the optimal dietary protein levels for the growth performance (PWG) and against enteritis morbidity of young grass carp were estimated to be 286.82 g kg(-1) diet (250.66 g digestible protein kg(-1) diet) and 292.10 g kg(-1) diet (255.47 g digestible protein kg(-1) diet), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Sheng-Yao Kuang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Wu-Neng Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Mirzaei H, Naseri G, Rezaee R, Mohammadi M, Banikazemi Z, Mirzaei HR, Salehi H, Peyvandi M, Pawelek JM, Sahebkar A. Curcumin: A new candidate for melanoma therapy? Int J Cancer 2016; 139:1683-95. [PMID: 27280688 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma remains among the most lethal cancers and, in spite of great attempts that have been made to increase the life span of patients with metastatic disease, durable and complete remissions are rare. Plants and plant extracts have long been used to treat a variety of human conditions; however, in many cases, effective doses of herbal remedies are associated with serious adverse effects. Curcumin is a natural polyphenol that shows a variety of pharmacological activities including anti-cancer effects, and only minimal adverse effects have been reported for this phytochemical. The anti-cancer effects of curcumin are the result of its anti-angiogenic, pro-apoptotic and immunomodulatory properties. At the molecular and cellular level, curcumin can blunt epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and affect many targets that are involved in melanoma initiation and progression (e.g., BCl2, MAPKS, p21 and some microRNAs). However, curcumin has a low oral bioavailability that may limit its maximal benefits. The emergence of tailored formulations of curcumin and new delivery systems such as nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles and phospholipid complexes has led to the enhancement of curcumin bioavailability. Although in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that curcumin and its analogues can be used as novel therapeutic agents in melanoma, curcumin has not yet been tested against melanoma in clinical practice. In this review, we summarized reported anti-melanoma effects of curcumin as well as studies on new curcumin formulations and delivery systems that show increased bioavailability. Such tailored delivery systems could pave the way for enhancement of the anti-melanoma effects of curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Naseri
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ramin Rezaee
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Mohsen Mohammadi
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center and Department of pharmaceutical biotechnology, Faculty of pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Zarrin Banikazemi
- Biochemistry of Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mirzaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Salehi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Peyvandi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - John M Pawelek
- Department of Dermatology and the Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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85
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Byrd SK. Apoptosis as the focus of an authentic research experience in a cell physiology laboratory. ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION 2016; 40:257-264. [PMID: 27231261 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00176.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Curriculum-embedded independent research is a high-impact teaching practice that has been shown to increase student engagement and learning. This article describes a multiweek laboratory project for an upper-division undergraduate cell physiology laboratory using apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway as the overarching theme. Students did literature research on apoptotic agents that acted via the mitochondrial pathway. Compounds ranged from natural products such as curcumin to synthetic compounds such as etoposide. Groups of two to three students planned a series of experiments using one of three cultured cell lines that required them to 1) learn to culture cells; 2) determine treatment conditions, including apoptotic agent solubility and concentration ranges that had been reported in the literature; 3) choose two methods to validate/quantify apoptotic capacity of the reagent; and 4) attempt to "rescue" cells from undergoing apoptosis using one of several available compounds/methods. In essence, given some reagent and equipment constraints, students designed an independent experiment to highlight the effects of different apoptotic agents on cells in culture. Students presented their experimental designs as in a laboratory group meeting and their final findings as a classroom "symposium." This exercise can be adapted to many different types of laboratories with greater or lesser equipment and instrumentation constraints, incorporates several core cell physiology methods, and encourages key experimental design and critical thinking components of independent research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shere K Byrd
- Department of Biology, Fort Lewis College, Durango, Colorado
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86
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Xu HJ, Jiang WD, Feng L, Liu Y, Wu P, Jiang J, Kuang SY, Tang L, Tang WN, Zhang YA, Zhou XQ. Dietary vitamin C deficiency depresses the growth, head kidney and spleen immunity and structural integrity by regulating NF-κB, TOR, Nrf2, apoptosis and MLCK signaling in young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 52:111-138. [PMID: 26944716 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of dietary vitamin C on the growth, and head kidney, spleen and skin immunity, structural integrity and related signaling molecules mRNA expression levels of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). A total of 540 grass carp (264.37 ± 0.66 g) were fed six diets with graded levels of vitamin C (2.9, 44.2, 89.1, 133.8, 179.4 and 224.5 mg/kg diet) for 10 weeks. Subsequently, a challenge test was conducted by injection of Aeromonas hydrophila and the survival rate recorded for 14 days. The results indicated that compared with optimal vitamin C supplementation, vitamin C deficiency (2.9 mg/kg diet) decreased lysozyme (LA) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities, and complement 3 and complement 4 (C4) contents (P < 0.05), down-regulated the mRNA levels of antimicrobial peptides [liver expressed antimicrobial peptide (LEAP) 2A, LEAP-2B, hepcidin, β-defensin] and anti-inflammatory cytokines-related factors, interleukin (IL) 4/13A, IL-4/13B (only in head kidney), IL-10, IL-11, transforming growth factor (TGF) β1, TGF-β2, inhibitor of κBα and eIF4E-binding protein 1 (P < 0.05), and up-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines-related factors, tumor necrosis factor α, interferon γ2, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12 P35 (only in spleen), IL-12 P40, IL-15, IL-17D, nuclear factor κB p65, IκB kinases (IKKα, IKKβ, IKKγ), target of rapamycin and ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 mRNA levels (P < 0.05) in the head kidney and spleen under injection fish of A. hydrophila, suggesting that vitamin C deficiency could decrease fish head kidney and spleen immunity and cause inflammation. Meanwhile, compared with optimal vitamin C supplementation, vitamin C deficiency decreased the activities and mRNA levels of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferases and glutathione reductase (P < 0.05), and down-regulated zonula occludens (ZO) 1, ZO-2, Claudin-b, -c, -3c, -7a, -7b, B-cell lymphoma-2, inhibitor of apoptosis protein, NF-E2-related factor 2 mRNA levels (P < 0.05), increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl contents (P < 0.05), and up-regulated Claudin-12, 15a, -15b, Fas ligand, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, B-cell lymphoma protein 2 associated X protein, apoptotic protease activating factor-1, caspase-3, -7, -8, -9, Kelch-like ECH-associating protein (Keap) 1a and Keap 1b mRNA levels (P < 0.05) in the head kidney and spleen under injection fish of A. hydrophila, suggesting that vitamin C deficiency could decrease fish head kidney and spleen structural integrity through depression of antioxidative ability, induction of apoptosis and disruption of tight junctional complexes. In addition, except the activities of ACP and MnSOD, and mRNA expression levels of TGF-β1, Occludin and MnSOD, the effect of vitamin C on fish head kidney, spleen and skin immunity and structural integrity other indicators model are similar under infection of A. hydrophila. Finally, the vitamin C requirement for the growth performance (PWG) of young grass carp was estimated to be 92.8 mg/kg diet. Meanwhile, the vitamin C requirement for against skin lesion morbidity of young grass carp was estimated to be 122.9 mg/kg diet. In addition, based on the biochemical indices [immune indices (LA activity in the head kidney and C4 content in the spleen) and antioxidant indices (MDA content in the head kidney and ROS content in the spleen)] the vitamin C requirements for young grass carp were estimated to be 131.2, 137.5, 135.8 and 129.8 mg/kg diet, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Jun Xu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Sheng-Yao Kuang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Wu-Neng Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Molecular mechanisms of curcumins suppressing effects on tumorigenesis, angiogenesis and metastasis, focusing on NF-κB pathway. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2016; 28:21-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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88
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FAN HUIJIN, LIANG YAN, JIANG BING, LI XIABING, XUN HANG, SUN JIA, HE WEI, LAU HAYTONG, MA XIAOFENG. Curcumin inhibits intracellular fatty acid synthase and induces apoptosis in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Oncol Rep 2016; 35:2651-6. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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89
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Rohanizadeh R, Deng Y, Verron E. Therapeutic actions of curcumin in bone disorders. BONEKEY REPORTS 2016; 5:793. [PMID: 26962450 DOI: 10.1038/bonekey.2016.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin is the active component of turmeric extract derived from the Curcuma longa plant. In the last decade, curcumin has raised a considerable interest in medicine owing to its negligible toxicity and multiple therapeutic actions including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial activities. Among the various molecular targets of curcumin, some are involved in bone remodeling, which strongly suggests that curcumin can affect the skeletal system. The review sheds light on the current and potential applications of curcumin to treat bone disorders characterized by an excessive resorption activity. Within the scope of this review, the novel formulations of curcumin to overcome its physico-chemical and pharmacokinetic constraints are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Rohanizadeh
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yi Deng
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elise Verron
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; INSERM, U791, LIOAD, Nantes, France
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90
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Działo M, Mierziak J, Korzun U, Preisner M, Szopa J, Kulma A. The Potential of Plant Phenolics in Prevention and Therapy of Skin Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:160. [PMID: 26901191 PMCID: PMC4783894 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17020160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds constitute a group of secondary metabolites which have important functions in plants. Besides the beneficial effects on the plant host, phenolic metabolites (polyphenols) exhibit a series of biological properties that influence the human in a health-promoting manner. Evidence suggests that people can benefit from plant phenolics obtained either by the diet or through skin application, because they can alleviate symptoms and inhibit the development of various skin disorders. Due to their natural origin and low toxicity, phenolic compounds are a promising tool in eliminating the causes and effects of skin aging, skin diseases, and skin damage, including wounds and burns. Polyphenols also act protectively and help prevent or attenuate the progression of certain skin disorders, both embarrassing minor problems (e.g., wrinkles, acne) or serious, potentially life-threatening diseases such as cancer. This paper reviews the latest reports on the potential therapy of skin disorders through treatment with phenolic compounds, considering mostly a single specific compound or a combination of compounds in a plant extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Działo
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Justyna Mierziak
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Urszula Korzun
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Marta Preisner
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Jan Szopa
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland.
- Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Production, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Plant Sciences, Plac Grunwaldzki 24A, 53-363 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Kulma
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland.
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91
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Seo JA, Kim B, Dhanasekaran DN, Tsang BK, Song YS. Curcumin induces apoptosis by inhibiting sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase activity in ovarian cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2016; 371:30-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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92
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Masloub SM, Elmalahy MH, Sabry D, Mohamed WS, Ahmed SH. Comparative evaluation of PLGA nanoparticle delivery system for 5-fluorouracil and curcumin on squamous cell carcinoma. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 64:1-10. [PMID: 26735343 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of 5-fluorouracil nanoparticles and curcumin naoparticles on cell proliferation and the expression of the apoptotic marker (caspase 3) in squamous cell carcinoma cell line. MATERIAL AND METHODS PLGA 5-fluorouracil nanopartciles and PLGA curcumin nanoparticles were prepared and applied for 24 and 48h on human laryngeal squamous carcinoma cell line (Hep-2) as regard IC 50 concentration. MTT assay was used for evaluation of cytotoxicity of prepared nanoparticles. Quantitaive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) was used for the assessment of caspase-3 expression in the treated cell line. RESULTS The drug release rate profiles was dependent upon polymer to drug ratio, noting that the higher PLGA polymer ratio to 5-fluprouracil or curcumin drug showed faster release rates. On the other hand, the least PLGA polymer ratio to 5-fluprouracil or curcumin drug showed the slowest release rates. MTT assay revelaed that 5-fluorouracil nanoparticels or curcumin nanoparticels showed a clear cytotoxic effect on Hep-2 cell line compared to non treated cancer cells. The RT-PCR assessment of caspase-3 expression revealed that there was a significant increase in caspase-3 expression in Hep-2 cell line treated with 5-fluorouracil nanoparticles or curcumin compared to non treated cancer cells. CONCLUSION Curcumin nanoparticles could be more active in inducing apoptosis in short term assays (24h) than long term assays (48h) due to differential cellular uptake. While 5-fluorouracil nanoparticles induced higher significant apoptosis in long term (48h) compared to curcumin group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa M Masloub
- Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Elmalahy
- Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Sabry
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Wael S Mohamed
- Polymer and Pigment, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sahar H Ahmed
- Lab Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Misr University For Science &Technology, Egypt
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93
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Yue Z, Zhang W, Lu Y, Yang Q, Ding Q, Xia J, Chen Y. Prediction of cancer cell sensitivity to natural products based on genomic and chemical properties. PeerJ 2015; 3:e1425. [PMID: 26644976 PMCID: PMC4671159 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products play a significant role in cancer chemotherapy. They are likely to provide many lead structures, which can be used as templates for the construction of novel drugs with enhanced antitumor activity. Traditional research approaches studied structure-activity relationship of natural products and obtained key structural properties, such as chemical bond or group, with the purpose of ascertaining their effect on a single cell line or a single tissue type. Here, for the first time, we develop a machine learning method to comprehensively predict natural products responses against a panel of cancer cell lines based on both the gene expression and the chemical properties of natural products. The results on two datasets, training set and independent test set, show that this proposed method yields significantly better prediction accuracy. In addition, we also demonstrate the predictive power of our proposed method by modeling the cancer cell sensitivity to two natural products, Curcumin and Resveratrol, which indicate that our method can effectively predict the response of cancer cell lines to these two natural products. Taken together, the method will facilitate the identification of natural products as cancer therapies and the development of precision medicine by linking the features of patient genomes to natural product sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Yue
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University , Hefei, Anhui , China
| | - Wenna Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University , Hefei, Anhui , China
| | - Yongming Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University , Hefei, Anhui , China
| | - Qiaoyue Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University , Hefei, Anhui , China
| | - Qiuying Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University , Hefei, Anhui , China
| | - Junfeng Xia
- Institute of Health Sciences, Anhui University , Hefei, Anhui , China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University , Hefei, Anhui , China
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94
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Gomez-Bougie P, Halliez M, Maïga S, Godon C, Kervoëlen C, Pellat-Deceunynck C, Moreau P, Amiot M. Curcumin induces cell death of the main molecular myeloma subtypes, particularly the poor prognosis subgroups. Cancer Biol Ther 2015; 16:60-5. [PMID: 25517601 PMCID: PMC4622499 DOI: 10.4161/15384047.2014.986997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM), a plasma cell malignancy, remains incurable despite the development of new therapies. Curcumin anti-tumor effects were previously characterized in multiple myeloma, however only few MM cell lines were included in these studies. Since myeloma is a heterogeneous disease it is important to address the impact of myeloma molecular heterogeneity in curcumin cell death induction. In the present study, a large panel of human myeloma cell lines (HMCLs) (n = 29), representing the main molecular MM subgroups, was screened for curcumin sensitivity. We observed that curcumin cell death induction was heterogeneous, of note 16 HMCLs were highly sensitive to curcumin (LD50 < 20.5 μM), 6 HMCLs exhibited intermediate LD50 values (20.5 μM ≤ LD50 < 32.2 μM) and only 7 HMCLs were weakly sensitive (35 < LD50 < 56 μM). Cell lines harboring the t(11;14) translocation were less sensitive (median LD50 32.9 μM) than non-t(11;14) (median LD50 17.9 μM), which included poor prognosis t(4;14) and t(14;16) cells. Interestingly, curcumin sensitivity was not dependent on TP53 status. For the first time we showed that primary myeloma cells were also sensitive, even those displaying del(17p), another poor prognosis factor. We also unravel the contribution of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family molecules in curcumin response. We found that down-regulation of Mcl-1, an essential MM survival factor, was associated with curcumin-induced cell death and its knockdown sensitized myeloma cells to curcumin, highlighting Mcl-1 as an important target for curcumin-induced apoptosis. Altogether, these results support clinical trials including curcumin in association with standard therapy.
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95
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Moustapha A, Pérétout PA, Rainey NE, Sureau F, Geze M, Petit JM, Dewailly E, Slomianny C, Petit PX. Curcumin induces crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis mediated by calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomal destabilization and mitochondrial events. Cell Death Discov 2015; 1:15017. [PMID: 27551451 PMCID: PMC4979459 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2015.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, a major active component of turmeric (Curcuma longa, L.), has anticancer effects. In vitro studies suggest that curcumin inhibits cancer cell growth by activating apoptosis, but the mechanism underlying these effects is still unclear. Here, we investigated the mechanisms leading to apoptosis in curcumin-treated cells. Curcumin induced endoplasmic reticulum stress causing calcium release, with a destabilization of the mitochondrial compartment resulting in apoptosis. These events were also associated with lysosomal membrane permeabilization and of caspase-8 activation, mediated by cathepsins and calpains, leading to Bid cleavage. Truncated tBid disrupts mitochondrial homeostasis and enhance apoptosis. We followed the induction of autophagy, marked by the formation of autophagosomes, by staining with acridine orange in cells exposed curcumin. At this concentration, only the early events of apoptosis (initial mitochondrial destabilization with any other manifestations) were detectable. Western blotting demonstrated the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II (light chain 3), a marker of active autophagosome formation. We also found that the production of reactive oxygen species and formation of autophagosomes following curcumin treatment was almost completely blocked by N-acetylcystein, the mitochondrial specific antioxidants MitoQ10 and SKQ1, the calcium chelators, EGTA-AM or BAPTA-AM, and the mitochondrial calcium uniporter inhibitor, ruthenium red. Curcumin-induced autophagy failed to rescue all cells and most cells underwent type II cell death following the initial autophagic processes. All together, these data imply a fail-secure mechanism regulated by autophagy in the action of curcumin, suggesting a therapeutic potential for curcumin. Offering a novel and effective strategy for the treatment of malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Moustapha
- INSERM U1124 'Toxicologie, Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire', Université Paris-Descartes, Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères , Paris, France
| | - P A Pérétout
- INSERM U1124 'Toxicologie, Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire', Université Paris-Descartes, Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères , Paris, France
| | - N E Rainey
- INSERM U1124 'Toxicologie, Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire', Université Paris-Descartes, Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères , Paris, France
| | - F Sureau
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Laboratoire Jean Perrin , Paris, France
| | - M Geze
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelles, CeMIM/USM 0504, 'Biologie Fonctionnelles des Protozoaires' 57 , Paris, France
| | - J-M Petit
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelles, UMR 7245 CNRS/MNHN 'Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes' 57 , Paris, France
| | - E Dewailly
- Laboratoire de Physiologie cellulaire, INSERM U800, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Lille 1 , Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - C Slomianny
- Laboratoire de Physiologie cellulaire, INSERM U800, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Lille 1 , Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - P X Petit
- INSERM U1124 'Toxicologie, Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire', Université Paris-Descartes, Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères , Paris, France
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96
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Abdel Shakor AB, Atia M, Alshehri AS, Sobota A, Kwiatkowska K. Ceramide generation during curcumin-induced apoptosis is controlled by crosstalk among Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, caspases and glutathione. Cell Signal 2015; 27:2220-30. [PMID: 26232616 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin exhibits anti-cancer properties manifested by activation of pro-apoptotic signaling. We have demonstrated earlier that apoptosis of HL-60 human leukemia cells induced by curcumin is controlled by ceramide generated by neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMase) which contributes to sphingomyelin synthase (SMS) inhibition favoring accumulation of ceramide in cells. Here we report that the activity of nSMase, ceramide accumulation and death of HL-60 cells are inhibited by overexpression of Bcl-xL or Bcl-2 proteins, while down-regulation of nSMase interferes with degradation of Bcl-2 but not Bcl-xL. Activation of nSMase in curcumin-treated cells requires the activity of apoptosis initiator caspase-8 and executioner caspase-3, whereas nSMase depletion prevents activation of caspase-3, but not caspase-8. These data place nSMase activation downstream of caspase-8 and Bcl-xL and indicate a mutual regulation between nSMase and caspase-3 activity on one hand, and Bcl-2 level on the other hand in curcumin-treated cells. The activation of nSMase and ceramide accumulation also depended on the depletion of glutathione. The depletion of glutathione required the activity of caspase-8 and caspase-3 as well as the down-regulation of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. Together, the data indicate a crosstalk among Bcl-2, Bc-xL, caspases and glutathione during curcumin-induced apoptosis and point to the superior role of caspase-8 activity, Bcl-xL down-regulation and glutathione depletion in the pro-apoptotic cascade leading to nSMase activation and generation of ceramide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abo Bakr Abdel Shakor
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mona Atia
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - Ali Saleh Alshehri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrzej Sobota
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kwiatkowska
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
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Bathaie SZ, Faridi N, Nasimian A, Heidarzadeh H, Tamanoi F. How Phytochemicals Prevent Chemical Carcinogens and/or Suppress Tumor Growth? Enzymes 2015; 37:1-42. [PMID: 26298454 DOI: 10.1016/bs.enz.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemicals are a powerful group of chemicals that are derived from natural resource, especially with plants origin. They have shown to exhibit chemoprevention and chemotherapeutic effects not only in cell lines and in animal models of cancer but also some of them are in the clinical trial phase I and II. Despite numerous reports of these phytochemical effects on cancer, an overview of the mechanisms of their action and their effects on various cellular and molecular functions important in the inhibition of cancer progression has been lacking. In this review, we attempt to catalogue various studies to examine the effect of phytochemicals in cancer initiation, promotion, signaling, and epigenetic changes. Because of the numerous studies in these topics, we only pointed out to some examples in each section.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zahra Bathaie
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| | - Nasim Faridi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Nasimian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Heidarzadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fuyuhiko Tamanoi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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98
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Jelezova I, Drakalska E, Momekova D, Shalimova N, Momekov G, Konstantinov S, Rangelov S, Pispas S. Curcumin loaded pH-sensitive hybrid lipid/block copolymer nanosized drug delivery systems. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 78:67-78. [PMID: 26159739 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is a perspective drug candidate with pleiotropic antineoplastic activity, whose exceptionally low aqueous solubility and poor pharmacokinetic properties have hampered its development beyond the preclinical level. A possible approach to overcome these limitations is the encapsulation of curcumin into nano-carriers, incl. liposomes. The present contribution is focused on feasibility of using hybrid pH-sensitive liposomes, whereby curcumin is entrapped as a free drug and as a water soluble inclusion complex with PEGylated tert-butylcalix[4]arene, which allows the drug to occupy both the phospholipid membranes and the aqueous core of liposomes. The inclusion complexes were encapsulated in dipalmithoylphosphathydilcholine:cholesterol liposomes, whose membranes were grafted with a poly(isoprene-b-acrylic acid) diblock copolymer to confer pH-sensitivity. The liposomes were characterized by DLS, ζ-potential measurements, cryo-TEM, curcumin encapsulation efficacy, loading capacity, and in vitro release as a function of pH. Free and formulated curcumin were further investigated for cytotoxicity, apoptosis-induction and caspase-8, and 9 activation in chemosensitive HL-60 and its resistant sublines HL-60/Dox and HL-60/CDDP. Formulated curcumin was superior cytotoxic and apoptogenic agent vs. the free drug. The mechanistic assay demonstrated that the potent proapoptotic effects of pH-sensitive liposomal curcumin presumably mediated via recruitment of both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways in both HL-60 and HL-60/CDDP cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivelina Jelezova
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Elena Drakalska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Denitsa Momekova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Natalia Shalimova
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Momekov
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Spiro Konstantinov
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
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Lipid rafts and raft-mediated supramolecular entities in the regulation of CD95 death receptor apoptotic signaling. Apoptosis 2015; 20:584-606. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-015-1104-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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100
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The multifaceted role of curcumin in cancer prevention and treatment. Molecules 2015; 20:2728-69. [PMID: 25665066 PMCID: PMC6272781 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20022728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in treatment modalities over the last decade, neither the incidence of the disease nor the mortality due to cancer has altered in the last thirty years. Available anti-cancer drugs exhibit limited efficacy, associated with severe side effects, and are also expensive. Thus identification of pharmacological agents that do not have these disadvantages is required. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric (Curcumin longa), is one such agent that has been extensively studied over the last three to four decades for its potential anti-inflammatory and/or anti-cancer effects. Curcumin has been found to suppress initiation, progression, and metastasis of a variety of tumors. These anti-cancer effects are predominantly mediated through its negative regulation of various transcription factors, growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, protein kinases, and other oncogenic molecules. It also abrogates proliferation of cancer cells by arresting them at different phases of the cell cycle and/or by inducing their apoptosis. The current review focuses on the diverse molecular targets modulated by curcumin that contribute to its efficacy against various human cancers.
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