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Internet-Administered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Hypersexual Disorder, With or Without Paraphilia(s) or Paraphilic Disorder(s) in Men: A Pilot Study. J Sex Med 2020; 17:2039-2054. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Slavin MN, Blycker GR, Potenza MN, Bőthe B, Demetrovics Z, Kraus SW. Gender-Related Differences in Associations Between Sexual Abuse and Hypersexuality. J Sex Med 2020; 17:2029-2038. [PMID: 32792283 PMCID: PMC7875089 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with histories of sexual abuse may be more likely to experience sexual-related problems including hypersexuality, but gender-related differences remain unclear. AIM This online study examined sexual abuse history and hypersexuality by gender among 16,823 Hungarian adults, adjusting for age, sexual orientation, relationship status, education, employment status, and residence. METHODS An online questionnaire on one of the largest Hungarian news portals advertised this study examining sexual activities in January 2017. 3 categorizations of age-related sexual abuse were examined: child sexual abuse (CSA) occurring at age 13 and earlier (compared to no abuse), adolescent/adult sexual abuse (AASA; compared to no abuse), and CSA and AASA (CSA/AASA; compared to one age-related category of abuse or the other). OUTCOMES The outcome variable, hypersexuality, was examined as a continuous variable due to the low prevalence of clinical hypersexuality in this sample. 3 multivariate linear regression analyses adjusting for covariates aimed to predict hypersexuality from each category of abuse, along with gender and its interaction with each category. RESULTS In all models, younger age, non-heterosexual sexual orientation, male gender, single relationship status, less than full-time work, and living in a capital city were associated with hypersexuality, and education was not a significant predictor. CSA, AASA, and CSA/AASA predicted hypersexuality in both men and women. There was a significant interaction between CSA/AASA and gender, such that the relationship between CSA/AASA and hypersexuality was stronger in men than in women. CLINICAL TRANSLATION Sexual abuse at each developmental time-point may influence hypersexuality among men and women, although the cumulative impact of CSA and AASA on hypersexuality may be particularly relevant among men. STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS This is one of the largest studies to examine gender-related differences in the relationship between sexual abuse and hypersexuality. Nevertheless, our study is cross-sectional, and longitudinal work is needed to determine how sexual abuse affects children, adolescents, and adults throughout their lives. CONCLUSION Developmental impacts of sexual abuse may be considered in a gender-informed fashion in order to develop and optimize effective prevention and treatment strategies for hypersexuality. Slavin MN, Blycker GR, Potenza MN, et al. Gender-Related Differences in Associations Between Sexual Abuse and Hypersexuality. J Sex Med 2020;17:2029-2038.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gretchen R Blycker
- College of Nursing, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA; HäIsosam Therapy, Jamestown, RI, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale University Department of Neuroscience and Child Study Center, New Haven, CT, USA; Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, New Haven, CT, USA; Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Beáta Bőthe
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Shane W Kraus
- Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
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van Tuijl P, Tamminga A, Meerkerk GJ, Verboon P, Leontjevas R, van Lankveld J. Three Diagnoses for Problematic Hypersexuality; Which Criteria Predict Help-Seeking Behavior? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186907. [PMID: 32967307 PMCID: PMC7559359 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the best combination of indicators of problematic hypersexuality (PH), in a survey (n = 58,158) targeting individuals wondering if they were sex addicted. The survey allowed for testing of criteria from three theoretical models used to conceptualize PH. Factor analyses for women and men yielded an interpretable grouping of indicators consisting of four factors. In subsequent logistic regressions, these factors were used as predictors for experiencing the need for help for PH. The factors Negative Effects and Extreme positively predicted experiencing the need for help, with Negative Effects as the most important predictor for both women and men. This factor included, among others, withdrawal symptoms and loss of pleasure. The Sexual Desire factor negatively predicted the need for help, suggesting that for the targeted population more sexual desire leads to less PH. The Coping factor did not predict experiencing the need for help. Outcomes show that a combination of indicators from different theoretical models best indicates the presence of PH. Therefore, a measurement instrument to assess existence and severity of PH should consist of such a combination. Theoretically, this study suggests that a more comprehensive model for PH is needed, surpassing existing conceptualizations of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piet van Tuijl
- Department of Psychology, Open Universiteit, 6419 AT Heerlen, The Netherlands; (P.V.); (R.L.); (J.v.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Aerjen Tamminga
- Psychologen Nederland (PsyNed), 1062 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Gert-Jan Meerkerk
- Instituut voor Onderzoek naar Leefwijzen & Verslaving (IVO), 2595 AA Den Haag, The Netherlands;
| | - Peter Verboon
- Department of Psychology, Open Universiteit, 6419 AT Heerlen, The Netherlands; (P.V.); (R.L.); (J.v.L.)
| | - Ruslan Leontjevas
- Department of Psychology, Open Universiteit, 6419 AT Heerlen, The Netherlands; (P.V.); (R.L.); (J.v.L.)
| | - Jacques van Lankveld
- Department of Psychology, Open Universiteit, 6419 AT Heerlen, The Netherlands; (P.V.); (R.L.); (J.v.L.)
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Pubertal timing predicts adult psychosexuality: Evidence from typically developing adults and adults with isolated GnRH deficiency. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020; 119:104733. [PMID: 32563936 PMCID: PMC8938930 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that psychosexuality in humans is modulated by both organizational effects of prenatal and peripubertal sex steroid hormones, and by activational effects of circulating hormones in adulthood. Experimental work in male rodents indicates that sensitivity to androgen-driven organization of sexual motivation decreases across the pubertal window, such that earlier puberty leads to greater sex-typicality. We test this hypothesis in typically developing men (n = 231) and women (n = 648), and in men (n = 72) and women (n = 32) with isolated GnRH deficiency (IGD), in whom the precise timing of peripubertal hormone exposure can be ascertained via the age at which hormone replacement therapy (HRT) was initiated. Psychosexuality was measured with the Sexual Desire Inventory-2 (SDI-2) and Sociosexual Orientation Inventory-Revised (SOI-R). In both sexes, earlier recalled absolute pubertal timing predicted higher psychosexuality in adulthood, although the magnitude of these associations varied with psychosexuality type and group (i.e., typically developing and IGD). Results were robust when controlling for circulating steroid hormones in typically developing participants. Age of initiation of HRT in men with IGD negatively predicted SOI-R. We discuss the clinical implications of our findings for conditions in which pubertal timing is medically altered.
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Brown A, Barker ED, Rahman Q. A Systematic Scoping Review of the Prevalence, Etiological, Psychological, and Interpersonal Factors Associated with BDSM. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2020; 57:781-811. [PMID: 31617765 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2019.1665619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BDSM (bondage, discipline, dominance, submission, and sadomasochism) encompasses a diverse set of sexual interests. Research interests in BDSM have been historically underpinned by examining potential mental health issues, unhealthy fixations on specific sexual behaviors, and/or the presence of childhood trauma, as is predicted by psychopathological and psychoanalytic models. The objective of this scoping review was to provide an overview of the current landscape of BDSM research, including incidence rates, evidence for psychopathological, psychoanalytical, biological, and social etiological factors, demographics of BDSM practitioners, and the psychological correlates of those with BDSM interests. After the literature search and screening process, 60 articles were included. BDSM related fantasies were found to be common (40-70%) in both males and females, while about 20% reported engaging in BDSM. Results show little support for psychopathologic or psychoanalytic models. In the selected samples studied, BDSM practitioners appear to be white, well educated, young, and do not show higher rates of mental health or relationship problems. Research supports BDSM being used as a broadening of sexual interests and behaviors instead of a fixation on a specific interest. Future empirical research should focus on non-pathological models of BDSM, discrimination of BDSM practitioners, interpersonal relationships, and biological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Brown
- Psychology Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London
| | - Edward D Barker
- Psychology Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London
| | - Qazi Rahman
- Psychology Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London
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56
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Briken P. An integrated model to assess and treat compulsive sexual behaviour disorder. Nat Rev Urol 2020; 17:391-406. [DOI: 10.1038/s41585-020-0343-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Castro-Calvo J, Gil-Llario MD, Giménez-García C, Gil-Juliá B, Ballester-Arnal R. Occurrence and clinical characteristics of Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD): A cluster analysis in two independent community samples. J Behav Addict 2020; 9:446-468. [PMID: 32554840 PMCID: PMC8939411 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2020.00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD) is characterized by a persistent failure to control intense and recurrent sexual impulses, urges, and/or thoughts, resulting in repetitive sexual behavior that causes a marked impairment in important areas of functioning. Despite its recent inclusion in the forthcoming ICD-11, concerns regarding its assessment, diagnosis, prevalence or clinical characteristics remain. The purpose of this study was to identify participants displaying CSBD through a novel data-driven approach in two independent samples and outline their sociodemographic, sexual, and clinical profile. METHODS Sample 1 included 1,581 university students (females = 56.9%; Mage = 20.58) whereas sample 2 comprised 1,318 community members (females = 43.6%; Mage = 32.37). First, we developed a new composite index to assess the whole range of CSBD symptoms based on three previously validated scales. Based on this new composite index, we subsequently identified individuals with CSBD through a cluster analytic approach. RESULTS The estimated occurrence of CSBD was 10.12% in sample 1 and 7.81% in sample 2. Participants with CSBD were mostly heterosexual males, younger than respondents without CSBD, reported higher levels of sexual sensation seeking and erotophilia, an increased offline and especially online sexual activity, more depressive and anxious symptoms, and poorer self-esteem. CONCLUSIONS This research provides further evidence on the occurrence of CSBD based on an alternative data-driven approach, as well as a detailed and nuanced description of the sociodemographic, sexual, and clinical profile of adults with this condition. Clinical implications derived from these findings are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Castro-Calvo
- Dpto. Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos Psicológicos, Universitat de València, Estudi General, Valencia, Spain,Correspondence author. Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos Psicológicos, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, Valencia, 46010, Spain. Tel.: +34 963 983395; fax: +34 963 864669. E-mail:
| | - M. D. Gil-Llario
- Dpto. Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación, Universitat de València, Estudi General, Valencia, Spain
| | - C. Giménez-García
- Dpto. Psicología Básica, Clínica y Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain
| | - B. Gil-Juliá
- Dpto. Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos Psicológicos, Universitat de València, Estudi General, Valencia, Spain
| | - R. Ballester-Arnal
- Dpto. Psicología Básica, Clínica y Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain
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Smith L, Jackson SE, Vancampfort D, Jacob L, Firth J, Grabovac I, McDermott D, Yang L, López-Sánchez GF, Niederkrotenthaler T, Veronese N, Koyanagi A. Sexual behavior and suicide attempts among adolescents aged 12-15 years from 38 countries: A global perspective. Psychiatry Res 2020; 287:112564. [PMID: 31558403 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim was to investigate the relationship between sexual behaviors and suicide attempts by using data from 38 countries from four World Health Organization regions. METHODS Cross-sectional data from 116,820 adolescents aged 12-15 years participating in the Global School-based Student Health Survey 2009-2016 were analyzed. Data on sexual behaviors were collected: (i) ever having had intercourse; among those who reported having had intercourse, (ii) multiple (≥2) lifetime sexual partners and (iii) condom use in last sexual intercourse and past 12-month suicide attempts were self-reported. Associations were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS The prevalence of sexual intercourse and suicide attempts were 13.2% and 9.1%, respectively. A positive association between sexual intercourse and suicide attempts was found in 32 of the 38 countries (pooled OR for whole sample 2.12 [95% CI 1.98-2.27]). Having had multiple sexual partners was associated with increased odds of suicide attempts (pooled OR for whole sample 1.58 [1.27-1.96]). Condom non-use was only associated with suicide attempts among boys in the Americas (OR: 1.75 [1.25-2.45]). CONCLUSION Engaging in sexual intercourse was associated with increased risk of suicide attempt. Moreover, having had multiple sexual partners may also increase the risk of suicide attempts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Smith
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Sarah E Jackson
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Davy Vancampfort
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Louis Jacob
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux 78180, France
| | - Joseph Firth
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, UK; NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Igor Grabovac
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Center of Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daragh McDermott
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Holy Cross Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Thomas Niederkrotenthaler
- Unit Suicide Research, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Center of Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicola Veronese
- National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, aging branch, Padova, Italy
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain.
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59
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Wang C, Shao X, Jia Y, Ho RC, Harris KM, Wang W. Peripherally Physiological Responses to External Emotions and Their Transitions in Bipolar I Disorder With and Without Hypersexuality. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2020; 49:1345-1354. [PMID: 32133544 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-019-01615-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hypersexuality is associated with psychiatric disorders such as mania; however, it remains unclear whether bipolar I disorder with (BW) or without (BO) hypersexuality demonstrates different responses to external emotional stimuli and their transitions that were composed of pictures and sounds of same domain. In 21 BW patients, 20 BO patients, and 41 healthy volunteers, we administered polygraph tests (electrocardiogram, electromyogram, electrooculogram, and galvanic skin response) to measure transitions from a primer emotion (i.e., external disgust, erotica, fear, happiness, neutral, and sadness) to a noncongruent emotion (out of the remaining five) and to the primer emotion again (repeat-primer). We also evaluated participants' concurrent states of mania, hypomania, and depression. With neutral as the noncongruent emotion, the heart rate difference in BW was greater than in controls when responses to the primer erotica were subtracted from responses to the repeat-primer erotica, or when to the primer sadness were subtracted from the repeat-primer sadness. The difference of the masseter electromyographic activity in BW was lower than in BO and controls when responses to the noncongruent happiness were subtracted from responses to the repeat-primer neutral, and was lower than in BO when to the noncongruent neutral were subtracted from the repeat-primer erotica. The eyeball movement difference was greater in BW than in BO and controls when responses to the noncongruent sadness were subtracted from responses to the repeat-primer neutral. The heart rate difference when responses to the primer happiness were subtracted from responses to the noncongruent neutral was negatively correlated with mania in BO. BW and BO patients behaved differently to external emotions and their transitions, particularly regarding erotica and sadness, which might characterize unique pathophysiological processes of the two bipolar I disorder subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu Wang
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry/School of Public Health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xu Shao
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry/School of Public Health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanli Jia
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry/School of Public Health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Roger C Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keith M Harris
- School of Psychology, Charles Sturt University, Port Macquarie, NSW, Australia
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry/School of Public Health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway.
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60
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Zimmer F, Imhoff R. Abstinence from Masturbation and Hypersexuality. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2020; 49:1333-1343. [PMID: 32130561 PMCID: PMC7145784 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-019-01623-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite the lack of evidence for negative health effects of masturbation, abstinence from masturbation is frequently recommended as a strategy to improve one's sexual self-regulation. We adopted a framework of perceived problems with pornography to collect first hints about whether abstinence from masturbation stems from a psychological and behavioral "addiction" or conflicting attitudes. In an online questionnaire survey recruited via a non-thematic Reddit thread (n = 1063), most participants reported that they had tried to be abstinent from masturbation. As visible from zero-order correlations and multiple linear regression, motivation for abstinence was mostly associated with attitudinal correlates, specifically the perception of masturbation as unhealthy. While there were associations with hypersexuality, no significant correlation with behavioral markers such as maximum number of orgasms was found. Higher abstinence motivation was related to a higher perceived impact of masturbation, conservatism, and religiosity and to lower trust in science. We argue that research on abstinence from masturbation can enrich the understanding of whether and how average frequencies of healthy behavior are pathologized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Zimmer
- Social and Legal Psychology, Department of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Binger Str. 14-16, 55122, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Roland Imhoff
- Social and Legal Psychology, Department of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Binger Str. 14-16, 55122, Mainz, Germany
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Lee SC, Hanson RK, Calkins C, Jeglic E. Paraphilia and Antisociality: Motivations for Sexual Offending May Differ for American Whites and Blacks. SEXUAL ABUSE : A JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2020; 32:335-365. [PMID: 30712464 DOI: 10.1177/1079063219828779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
There has been little research on the sexual offending behavior of different racial groups. This study compares the characteristics and risk factors for American, non-Hispanic Whites (n =797) and Blacks (n = 788) who had been convicted of a sexual crime in New Jersey. The results indicated that Whites appeared more paraphilic whereas Blacks displayed higher antisociality. Despite the differences, however, the Static-99R, sexual recidivism risk tool, predicted equally well for both racial groups: Whites (area under the curve [AUC] = .76) and Blacks (AUC = .78). The findings suggest that there may be opportunities to improve treatment for the individuals at risk for sexual offending by tailoring interventions to the distinctive risk-relevant characteristics of Whites and Blacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung C Lee
- Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Kingston DA, Olver ME, Levaque E, Sawatsky ML, Seto MC, Lalumière ML. Establishing Canadian metrics for self-report measures used to assess hypersexuality. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN SEXUALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3138/cjhs.2019-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We examined the prevalence of hypersexuality in two combined Canadian adult community samples totalling 1,857 respondents (female n = 960, male n = 835, other n = 60, missing n = 2). Participants were recruited from social media to complete an online sexual behaviour survey that included two measures of compulsive sexual behaviour disorder— the Sexual Compulsivity Scale (SCS) and Hypersexual Behaviour Inventory (HBI)—as well as sexual behaviour and interest items. Respondents also reported their total sexual outlets (TSO)—defined by number of orgasms experienced weekly—as a third potential indicator of hypersexuality. Canadian men and women reported multiple sexual outlets per week that tended to be higher than previous reports. Men tended to report a larger number and higher frequency of various sexual behaviour than women, including higher rates of compulsive sexual behaviour disorder, which varied depending on the measure employed. Implications for establishing sexuality norms and conceptualizing hypersexuality and compulsive sexual behaviour disorder are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew A. Kingston
- HOPE program, San Diego, CA
- The Royal’s Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON
| | - Mark E. Olver
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK
| | - Enya Levaque
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | | | | | - Martin L. Lalumière
- The Royal’s Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
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63
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Chatzittofis A, Boström AE, Öberg KG, Flanagan JN, Schiöth HB, Arver S, Jokinen J. Normal Testosterone but Higher Luteinizing Hormone Plasma Levels in Men With Hypersexual Disorder. Sex Med 2020; 8:243-250. [PMID: 32173350 PMCID: PMC7261685 DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypersexual disorder as suggested to be included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 integrates aspects of sexual desire deregulation, impulsivity, and compulsivity. However, it is unknown how it affects gonadal activity and the function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. AIM The aim of this study was to investigate testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels in hypersexual men compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, we investigated associations between epigenetic markers and hormone levels. METHODS Basal morning plasma levels of testosterone, LH, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were assessed in 67 hypersexual men (mean age: 39.2 years) compared with 39 age-matched healthy controls (mean age: 37.5 years). The Sexual Compulsivity Scale and the Hypersexual Disorder: Current Assessment Scale were used for assessing hypersexual behavior, the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Scale-self rating was used for depression severity, and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) was used for assessing history of childhood adversity. The genome-wide methylation pattern of more than 850 K CpG sites was measured in whole blood using the Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip. CpG sites located within 2,000 bp of the transcriptional start site of hypothalamus pituitary adrenal (HPA) and HPG axis-coupled genes were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Testosterone and LH plasma levels in association with clinical rating and a secondary outcome was the epigenetic profile of HPA and HPG axis-coupled CpG sites with testosterone and LH levels. RESULTS LH plasma levels were significantly higher in patients with hypersexual disorder than in healthy volunteers. No significant differences in plasma testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, and SHBG levels were found between the groups. There were no significant associations between DNA methylation of HPA and HPG axis-coupled genes and plasma testosterone or LH levels after multiple testing corrections. CONCLUSIONS Subtle dysregulation of the HPG axis, with increased LH plasma levels but no difference in testosterone levels may be present in hypersexual men. Chatzittofis A, Boström AE, Öberg KG, et al. Normal Testosterone but Higher Luteinizing Hormone Plasma Levels in Men With Hypersexual Disorder. Sex Med 2020;8:243-250.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Chatzittofis
- Department of Clinical Sciences/Psychiatry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
| | | | - Katarina Görts Öberg
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden
| | - John N Flanagan
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Helgi B Schiöth
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Institute for Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Stefan Arver
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Jussi Jokinen
- Department of Clinical Sciences/Psychiatry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience/Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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64
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Slavin MN, Scoglio AAJ, Blycker GR, Potenza MN, Kraus SW. Child Sexual Abuse and Compulsive Sexual Behavior: A Systematic Literature Review. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2020; 7:76-88. [PMID: 33425653 PMCID: PMC7787260 DOI: 10.1007/s40429-020-00298-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Information on potential risk factors and clinical correlates of compulsive sexual behavior (CSB) may help inform more effective prevention and treatment measures. Sexual victimization, specifically, child sexual abuse (CSA), has been associated with CSB. RECENT FINDINGS This systematic review describes 21 studies on the relationship between CSA and CSB. Most studies identified a significant association between CSA and CSB. However, variability in measurements, potential differences in links among community versus clinical samples, relevance of research among college samples, lack of support for gender-related differences, and the need for more longitudinal designs were identified. SUMMARY Research would benefit from more formalized assessments of CSB across different populations. Prevention efforts should be aimed toward individuals who experienced CSA and/or other abuse, particularly if they report engaging in risky sexual behavior. Individuals with CSB who have experienced sexual abuse may benefit from trauma-focused treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arielle A. J. Scoglio
- Northeastern University, Institute of Health Equity & Social Justice Research, Boston, MA
| | - Gretchen R. Blycker
- College of Nursing, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI
- HäIsosam Therapy, Jamestown, RI
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT
- Yale University Department of Neuroscience and Child Study Center, New Haven, CT
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, New Haven, CT
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT
| | - Shane W. Kraus
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Department of Psychology, Las Vegas, NV
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Rowland DL, Kolba TN, McNabney SM, Uribe D, Hevesi K. Why and How Women Masturbate, and the Relationship to Orgasmic Response. JOURNAL OF SEX & MARITAL THERAPY 2020; 46:361-376. [PMID: 32000629 DOI: 10.1080/0092623x.2020.1717700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Masturbation, as a significant sexual activity within its own right, has garnered substantial interest as a research topic only within the past 10-20 years. In this in-depth analysis of masturbation in women, we examined relationships among frequencies of, reasons for, and activities during masturbation, and investigated how such parameters predict orgasmic pleasure, latency, and difficulty. Participants were 2215 women at least 18 years of age participating in a 42-item opt-in online survey that collected detailed information about women's orgasmic response during masturbation and partnered sex. Higher frequency of masturbation was related to lower satisfaction with partner, greater importance of sex, and higher levels of general anxiety/depression. Frequency of, reasons for, and activities during masturbation predicted both orgasmic pleasure and orgasmic difficulty during masturbation. The pattern of results enabled the development of three typologies of women who differ systematically with respect to their masturbation and partnered sex behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Rowland
- Department of Psychology, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso IN, USA
| | - Tiffany N Kolba
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso IN, USA
| | - Sean M McNabney
- Department of Psychology, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso IN, USA
| | - Dudbeth Uribe
- Department of Psychology, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso IN, USA
| | - Krisztina Hevesi
- Department of Psychology and Education, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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66
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Jiao T, Chen J, Niu Y. Masturbation is associated with psychopathological and reproduction health conditions: an online survey among campus male students. SEXUAL AND RELATIONSHIP THERAPY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/14681994.2019.1677883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timei Jiao
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juelei Chen
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yubai Niu
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Sci-tech University, Hangzhou, China
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67
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Palha-Fernandes E, Alves P, Lourenço M. Sexual satisfaction determinants and its relation with perfectionism: A cross-sectional study in an academic community. SEXUAL AND RELATIONSHIP THERAPY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/14681994.2019.1677884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick Alves
- Psychiatry Department, Alto Minho Local Health Unit, Viana Do Castelo, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, Oporto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário Lourenço
- Psychiatry Department, Senhora da Oliveira Hospital, Guimarães, Portugal
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68
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Apostolou M, Khalil M. Aggressive and Humiliating Sexual Play: Occurrence Rates and Discordance Between the Sexes. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2019; 48:2187-2200. [PMID: 30327967 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-018-1266-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study attempted to understand people's desires for aggressive and humiliating sexual play, both in terms of interests and fantasy. An evolutionary framework has been developed which generated five hypotheses to be tested. Evidence from a qualitative study of 102 participants identified 13 aggressive and sexual acts which were commonly preferred. A subsequent quantitative online study of 1026 men and women asked participants to rate the desirability of these acts. The results indicated that more than 70% of participants found at least one aggressive or humiliating sexual play desirable, whereas about half of the participants found at least three such acts desirable. Significant sex differences were also found, with men desiring to engage in such play more than women. This discordance was moderated by the willingness of each party to partially accommodate each other's desires. On the basis of these findings and the proposed theoretical framework, it is concluded that aggressive and humiliating sexual play constitutes a normal variation in sexual desire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menelaos Apostolou
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, 46 Makedonitissas Ave., 1700, Nicosia, Cyprus.
| | - Michalis Khalil
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, 46 Makedonitissas Ave., 1700, Nicosia, Cyprus
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69
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Davis KA, Knight RA. Childhood maltreatment experiences and problematic sexual outcomes in adult males who have sexually offended: Further evidence of the potency of male caregiver psychological abuse. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2019; 96:104097. [PMID: 31437771 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although research on the developmental antecedents of sexual offending has tended to focus on sexual abuse, recent research in juveniles and adults who have sexually offended suggests that psychological abuse perpetrated by a male caregiver may be a particularly important factor in the development of problematic sexual interests and behaviors. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to extend previous findings by investigating the association between psychological abuse by a male caregiver and problematic sexual outcomes in a sample of adult males who had sexually offended. PARTICIPANTS Participants were 529 adult males incarcerated for sexual offenses, 21% of whom were civilly committed. METHODS Childhood maltreatment and problematic sexual outcomes were assessed using the Multidimensional Assessment of Sex and Aggression, a contingency-based inventory that assesses domains related to sexual aggression. Hierarchical regressions were calculated examining the association between childhood abuse types and sexual outcomes. RESULTS Childhood sexual abuse was associated with child sexual (β = .247, p < .001) and other paraphilic interests (β = .189, p < .001). Male caregiver psychological abuse also emerged as marginally associated with child sexual interest (β = .100, p = .059), even after controlling for other abuse types. CONCLUSIONS These results partially replicate recent findings in a juvenile sample and challenge conventional developmental theories of sexual offending, by suggesting that male caregiver psychological abuse may play a role in the etiology of child sexual interest among males who have sexually offended. This study also suggests a possible gender symmetry effect moderating the developmental consequences of abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A Davis
- Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States.
| | - Raymond A Knight
- Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States
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Efrati Y, Gola M. The Effect of Early Life Trauma on Compulsive Sexual Behavior among Members of a 12-Step Group. J Sex Med 2019; 16:803-811. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.03.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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71
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Fuss J, Briken P, Stein DJ, Lochner C. Compulsive sexual behavior disorder in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Prevalence and associated comorbidity. J Behav Addict 2019; 8:242-248. [PMID: 31079471 PMCID: PMC7044559 DOI: 10.1556/2006.8.2019.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD) will be included in ICD-11 as an impulse-control disorder. CSBD also shares clinical features with obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders (OCSDs) and behavioral addictions. There has been relatively little systematic investigation of CSBD in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), the paradigmatic compulsive disorder. We aimed to determine prevalence of CSBD in OCD, and its associated sociodemographic and clinical features, including associated comorbidity, to learn more about the nature of CSBD. METHODS Adult outpatients with current OCD (N = 539) participated in this study. The Structured Clinical Interview for OCSDs was used to diagnose OCSDs (Tourette's syndrome, compulsive shopping, pathological gambling, kleptomania, pyromania, intermittent explosive disorder, self-injurious behavior, and CSBD). Prevalence rates of OCSDs in male versus female patients as well as comorbid disorders in OCD patients with and without CSBD were compared. RESULTS Lifetime prevalence of CSBD was 5.6% in patients with current OCD and significantly higher in men than women. OCD patients with and without CSBD were similar in terms of age, age of onset of OCD, present OCD illness severity, as well as educational background. Lifetime prevalence rates of several mood, obsessive-compulsive, and impulse-control disorders were considerably elevated in patients with lifetime CSBD. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS A substantive number of OCD patients suffered from CSBD. CSBD in OCD was more likely comorbid with other mood, obsessive-compulsive, and impulse-control disorders, but not with disorders due to substance use or addictive behaviors. This finding supports conceptualization of CSBD as a compulsive-impulsive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Fuss
- Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine and Forensic Psychiatry, Center of Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peer Briken
- Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine and Forensic Psychiatry, Center of Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dan J. Stein
- MRC Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- MRC Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Christine Lochner
- MRC Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- MRC Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa
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Ventriglio A, Bhat PS, Torales J, Bhugra D. Sexuality in the 21st century: Leather or rubber? Fetishism explained. Med J Armed Forces India 2019; 75:121-124. [PMID: 31065177 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The sexual physical act is related to sexual attraction, sexual fantasy and sexual behaviour. Fetish has been recognised as an attraction to objects with the aim of achieving sexual gratification. There have been historical accounts of fetishism, and the subject has been of significant interest to clinicians especially those who work in the field of managing mental illnesses. There are various types of fetishism. Reported for the first time in the 19th century, the condition is of various subtypes. Of these, fetishistic disorder can be recognised as sexual fantasies, sexual urges and sexual behaviours which cause significant distress or impairment in an individual in social, occupational or other important areas of function. Fetishism may be related to specific body parts, non-living objects or others. In clinical settings, patients with fetishistic disorders are often referred because of having got into trouble with the law. Fetishism needs to be differentiated from paraphilias. Various explanations including psychoanalysis and behavioural theories have been offered to explain the genesis and management of fetishistic disorders. A fetish is attraction to an object. Treatments can include behavioural, cognitive or psychoanalytic strategies. In this review article, a brief overview on the fetish is offered with suggestions for management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Ventriglio
- Professor (Psychiatry), Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - P S Bhat
- Professor & Head, Department of Psychiatry, Armed Forces Medical College Pune, 411040, India
| | - Julio Torales
- Professor (Psychiatry), National University, Asunsion, Paraguay
| | - Dinesh Bhugra
- Professor (Psychiatry), Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
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Gehrmann K, Engels M, Bennecke E, Bouvattier C, Falhammar H, Kreukels BPC, Nordenstrom A, Reisch N, Gehrmann N, Stikkelbroeck NMML, Quinkler M, Claahsen-van der Grinten HL. Sexuality in Males With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Resulting From 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency. J Endocr Soc 2019; 3:1445-1456. [PMID: 31317123 PMCID: PMC6626486 DOI: 10.1210/js.2019-00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Although sexuality has been reported to be impaired in females with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) resulting from 21-hydroxylase deficiency, sexuality in males with CAH so far has remained largely unconsidered. Patients One of the largest European male cohorts of patients with CAH in which sexuality in male patients with CAH was assessed. Methods Sexuality was evaluated in 91 sexually active male patients with CAH using questionnaires investigating sexual orientation, age at sexual initiation, sexual activity, satisfaction with sex life, and sexual problems, such as fears or dislike of sexual activity, lack or excessive sexual desire, difficulties getting aroused or reaching an orgasm, premature ejaculation, and no or incomplete erection. Results Sexuality in male patients with CAH was similar to European reference populations. If sexuality problems were present, they were less frequently reported by the most severely affected CAH males. Adducing a holistic perspective, sexual problems showed substantial association to psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression. Conclusions Sexuality in male patients with CAH in general was unaffected and sexuality problems seemed to be associated in particular with psychological problems. Because sexual health is a key factor of general health, we recommend that sexuality as well as psychological issues explicitly should be addressed in health care of patients with a CAH diagnosis, independent of sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Gehrmann
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Klinik für Pädiatrie m. S. Endokrinologie und Diabetologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Manon Engels
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Elena Bennecke
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Klinik für Pädiatrie m. S. Endokrinologie und Diabetologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claire Bouvattier
- Endocrinologie pédiatrique, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Développement Sexuel, Hôpital Bicêtre, Université Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Henrik Falhammar
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, D02:04, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm
| | | | - Anna Nordenstrom
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Pediatric Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicole Reisch
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Nicole Gehrmann
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Center for Gynecology, Perinatal, Pediatric and Juvenile Medicine with Perinatal Center and Human Genetics, Berlin
| | | | - Marcus Quinkler
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Klinik für Pädiatrie m. S. Endokrinologie und Diabetologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Endocrinology in Charlottenburg, Berlin, Germany
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74
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Winder B, Fedoroff JP, Grubin D, Klapilová K, Kamenskov M, Tucker D, Basinskaya IA, Vvedensky GE. The pharmacologic treatment of problematic sexual interests, paraphilic disorders, and sexual preoccupation in adult men who have committed a sexual offence. Int Rev Psychiatry 2019; 31:159-168. [PMID: 31184226 DOI: 10.1080/09540261.2019.1577223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This paper provides an international perspective on the use of medications to treat problematic sexual interests, paraphilic disorders, and sexual preoccupation in men who have committed a sexual offence. Experts from Canada, the Czech Republic (CR), Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States met in Prague, CR in May 2017 to review and compare their treatment approaches. This report is a summary of their discussions, including empirical data from CR and Russia which have not previously been published in the English language. All participants agreed that continuing international collaboration would be very useful for the development of ethical international prescribing guidelines, as well as pooling data from studies on the efficacy and utility of pharmacological and other biological treatments for people who have committed sexual offences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Winder
- a Sexual Offences, Crime and Misconduct Research Unit , Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham , UK
| | - J Paul Fedoroff
- b Sexual Behaviours Clinic , The Royal and University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Don Grubin
- c Emeritus Professor of Forensic Psychiatry , Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne , UK
| | - Kateřina Klapilová
- d Head of Laboratory of Evolutionary Sexology and Psychopathology , National Institute of Mental Health , Klecany , Czech Republic.,e Faculty of Humanities , Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Maxim Kamenskov
- f V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology , Moscow , Russia
| | - Douglas Tucker
- g Department of Psychiatry, San Francisco School of Medicine, Program in Psychiatry and the Law , University of California , Moraga , CA , USA
| | - Irina A Basinskaya
- h FSI "Oryol Mental Health Facility with Intensive Care" , Ministry of Public Health , Oryol , Russia
| | - Georgy E Vvedensky
- f V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology , Moscow , Russia
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McPhail IV, Olver ME, Brouillette-Alarie S, Looman J. Taxometric Analysis of the Latent Structure of Pedophilic Interest. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2018; 47:2223-2240. [PMID: 30014340 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-018-1225-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined the latent structure of pedophilic interest. Using data from phallometric tests for pedophilic interest across four samples of offenders (ns = 805, 632, 531, 261), taxometric analyses were conducted to identify whether pedophilic interest is best characterized as taxonic or dimensional. Across the samples, the majority of analyses supported taxonic latent structure in pedophilic interest. Visual inspection of taxometric curves indicated trichotomous latent structure (i.e., three-ordered classes) may characterize pedophilic interest in these samples. In a second step of taxometric analysis, the results supported trichotomous latent structure, indicating the presence of a complement taxon and two pedophilic taxa. In comparison with the complement taxon, the men in the first pedophilic taxon were non-exclusively pedophilic and had similar rates of sexual recidivism and sexual compulsivity. The men in the second pedophilic taxon were exclusively pedophilic, had more child victims and total victims, sexually re-offended at a higher rate, and were more sexually compulsive. The finding of trichotomous latent structure in pedophilic interest is both consistent and inconsistent with previous taxometric studies and has implications for research, assessment, and treatment of pedophilic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian V McPhail
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A5, Canada.
| | - Mark E Olver
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A5, Canada
| | - Sébastien Brouillette-Alarie
- École de Criminologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- International Centre for Comparative Criminology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Institut Philippe-Pinel de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jan Looman
- Providence Care Mental Health Services, Kingston, ON, Canada
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76
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Walton MT, Bhullar N. Hypersexuality, Higher Rates of Intercourse, Masturbation, Sexual Fantasy, and Early Sexual Interest Relate to Higher Sexual Excitation/Arousal. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2018; 47:2177-2183. [PMID: 29992372 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-018-1230-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Walton
- School of Psychology and Behavioural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia.
| | - Navjot Bhullar
- School of Psychology and Behavioural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
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77
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Bőthe B, Bartók R, Tóth-Király I, Reid RC, Griffiths MD, Demetrovics Z, Orosz G. Hypersexuality, Gender, and Sexual Orientation: A Large-Scale Psychometric Survey Study. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2018; 47:2265-2276. [PMID: 29926261 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-018-1201-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Criteria for hypersexual disorder (HD) were proposed for consideration in the DSM-5 but ultimately excluded for a variety of reasons. Regardless, research continues to investigate hypersexual behavior (HB). The Hypersexual Behavior Inventory (HBI) is one of the most robust scales assessing HB, but further examination is needed to explore its psychometric properties among different groups. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the generalizability of the HBI in a large, diverse, non-clinical sample (N = 18,034 participants; females = 6132; 34.0%; Mage = 33.6 years, SDage = 11.1) across both gender and sexual orientation. Measurement invariance testing was carried out to ensure gender- and sexual orientation-based comparisons were meaningful. Results demonstrated when both gender and sexual orientation were considered (i.e., heterosexual males vs. LGBTQ males vs. heterosexual females vs. LGBTQ females), LGBTQ males had significantly higher latent means on the HBI factors. Results also demonstrated LGBTQ males had the highest scores on other possible indicators of hypersexuality (e.g., frequency of masturbation, number of sexual partners, or frequency of pornography viewing). These findings suggest LGBTQ males may be a group most at risk of engaging in hypersexual behavior, and LGBTQ females are at a higher risk of engaging in hypersexual activities due to coping problems. Given the large-scale nature of the study, the findings contribute to the currently growing body of the literature on hypersexuality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beáta Bőthe
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella utca 46., Budapest, 1064, Hungary.
| | - Réka Bartók
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella utca 46., Budapest, 1064, Hungary
| | - István Tóth-Király
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella utca 46., Budapest, 1064, Hungary
| | - Rory C Reid
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella utca 46., Budapest, 1064, Hungary
| | - Gábor Orosz
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella utca 46., Budapest, 1064, Hungary
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Hungarian Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
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Scanavino MD, Ventuneac A, Abdo CH, Tavares H, Amaral ML, Messina B, Reis SC, Martins JP, Parsons JT. Sexual compulsivity, anxiety, depression, and sexual risk behavior among treatment-seeking men in São Paulo, Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PSIQUIATRIA (SAO PAULO, BRAZIL : 1999) 2018; 40:424-431. [PMID: 29898197 PMCID: PMC6899385 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2017-2476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is a lack of studies on negative mood states and sexual risk behavior in men of all sexual orientations who seek treatment for excessive sexual behavior (ESB). We aim to examine sexual compulsivity (SC), anxiety, depression, and sexual risk behavior in a treatment-seeking sample of men and controls. METHODS We enrolled 88 (37 [42%] gay or bisexual and 51 [58%] heterosexual) ESB outpatients and 64 controls. Assessments included the Sexual Compulsivity Scale (SCS), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and sexual risk behaviors. RESULTS Compared to controls, ESB outpatients showed increased SC, anxiety, and depression, which were correlated. Regarding sex with casual partners, ESB outpatients reported more sexual intercourse, a greater number of partners, more anal intercourse, and unprotected anal intercourse. Anxiety, depression, and SC were associated with protected vaginal intercourse with a main partner, whereas they were associated with unprotected anal intercourse with a casual partner. Depression was associated with unprotected vaginal intercourse with a casual partner. Condomless anal intercourse was predicted by SC and was also reported by the heterosexual ESB outpatients (36%). CONCLUSION The data contribute to the field by providing information on men of all sexual orientations who are searching for mental healthcare. The connections among these psychopathological factors and sexual risk behavior have implications for public health, clinicians, and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco D.T. Scanavino
- Ambulatório de Impulso Sexual Excessivo e Prevenção de Desfechos Negativos Associados ao Comportamento Sexual (AISEP), Instituto de Psiquiatria (IPq), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Ventuneac
- Center for HIV Educational Studies & Training (CHEST), New York, NY, USA
| | - Carmita H.N. Abdo
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Hermano Tavares
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria L.S. Amaral
- Ambulatório de Impulso Sexual Excessivo e Prevenção de Desfechos Negativos Associados ao Comportamento Sexual (AISEP), Instituto de Psiquiatria (IPq), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Messina
- Ambulatório de Impulso Sexual Excessivo e Prevenção de Desfechos Negativos Associados ao Comportamento Sexual (AISEP), Instituto de Psiquiatria (IPq), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sirlene C. Reis
- Ambulatório de Impulso Sexual Excessivo e Prevenção de Desfechos Negativos Associados ao Comportamento Sexual (AISEP), Instituto de Psiquiatria (IPq), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - João P.L.B. Martins
- Ambulatório de Impulso Sexual Excessivo e Prevenção de Desfechos Negativos Associados ao Comportamento Sexual (AISEP), Instituto de Psiquiatria (IPq), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jeffrey T. Parsons
- Center for HIV Educational Studies & Training (CHEST), New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychology, Hunter College, City University of New York (CUNY), New York, NY, USA
- Health Psychology and Clinical Science Doctoral Program, The Graduate Center, CUNY, New York, NY, USA
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Schöttle D, Briken P, Tüscher O, Turner D. Sexuality in autism: hypersexual and paraphilic behavior in women and men with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder. DIALOGUES IN CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE 2018. [PMID: 29398933 PMCID: PMC5789215 DOI: 10.31887/dcns.2017.19.4/dschoettle] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Like nonaffected adults, individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) show the entire range of sexual behaviors. However, due to the core symptoms of the disorder spectrum, including deficits in social skills, sensory hypo- and hypersensitivities, and repetitive behaviors, some ASD individuals might develop quantitatively above-average or nonnormative sexual behaviors and interests. After reviewing the relevant literature on sexuality in high-functioning ASD individuals, we present novel findings on the frequency of normal sexual behaviors and those about the assessment of hypersexual and paraphilic fantasies and behaviors in ASD individuals from our own study. Individuals with ASD seem to have more hypersexual and paraphilic fantasies and behaviors than general-population studies suggest. However, this inconsistency is mainly driven by the observations for male participants with ASD. This could be due to the fact that women with ASD are usually more socially adapted and show less ASD symptomatology. The peculiarities in sexual behaviors in ASD patients should be considered both for sexual education and in therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Schöttle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peer Briken
- Institute for Sex Research and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Tüscher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniel Turner
- Institute for Sex Research and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany ; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Castellini G, Rellini AH, Appignanesi C, Pinucci I, Fattorini M, Grano E, Fisher AD, Cassioli E, Lelli L, Maggi M, Ricca V. Deviance or Normalcy? The Relationship Among Paraphilic Thoughts and Behaviors, Hypersexuality, and Psychopathology in a Sample of University Students. J Sex Med 2018; 15:1322-1335. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS There is an increasing use of the Internet for dating and sexual purpose. The aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of social anxiety and sensation seeking to ratings of sex addiction among those who use dating Internet sites. METHODS A total of 279 participants (128 males and 151 females), with overall mean age being 25 years (SD = 2.75) and age range of 18-38, answered questionnaires on the Internet. Questionnaires included demographic details, Leibowitz Social Anxiety Scale, Zuckerman Sensation Seeking Scale, and Sexual Addiction Screening Test (SAST). RESULTS The users of Internet-dating applications showed higher scores on the SAST than non-users. Second, participants who had low scores of sex addiction had lower social anxiety scores than the participants with high scores of sexual addiction. There was no difference in sensation-seeking scores between participants with low and high scores of sexual addiction. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that social anxiety rather than sensation seeking or gender is a major factor affecting the use of Internet-dating applications for obtaining sexual partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoni Zlot
- Department of Behavioral Science, Integrative Brain and Cognition Center, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Maya Goldstein
- Department of Behavioral Science, Integrative Brain and Cognition Center, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Koby Cohen
- Department of Behavioral Science, Integrative Brain and Cognition Center, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Aviv Weinstein
- Department of Behavioral Science, Integrative Brain and Cognition Center, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel,Corresponding author: Aviv Weinstein; Department of Behavioral Science, Integrative Brain and Cognition Center, Ariel University, Science Park, Ariel 40700, Israel; Phone: +972 3 9076555; Fax: +972 3 9066629; E-mails: ;
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Langevin S, Proulx J, Lacourse E. Sexual Aggressors Against Women's Sexual Lives: A Latent Class Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2018; 62:1430-1451. [PMID: 29237318 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x17694374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the day-to-day deviant and nondeviant sexuality of a sample of Canadian sexual aggressors against women ( N = 160). Using latent class analysis, three latent classes were identified: internalized deviant (ID), low sexual problem (LSP), and hypersexual deviant (HD). Following the latent class analysis, the developmental, physiological, cognitive, and criminological correlates of these lifestyles were analyzed. ID ( n = 31) aggressors were characterized by sexual dissatisfaction, sexual deviance, and a bland sexual life. LSP ( n = 116) aggressors were characterized by the absence of sexual deviance or hypersexuality. HD ( n = 13) aggressors were characterized by hypersexuality and sexual deviance. Our exploratory study suggests that the day-to-day nondeviant and deviant sexual life of sexual aggressors against women appear to affect their modus operandi. Furthermore, the adult sexual lifestyles of sexual aggressors against women appear to be extensions of their adolescent sexual lifestyles. The results of this study thus suggest avenues for research-notably, the specific influence of sexual behaviours and internalized psychosexual problems on modus operandi-that could improve the clinical management of sexual aggressors against women.
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Walton MT, Cantor JM, Bhullar N, Lykins AD. Hypersexuality: A Critical Review and Introduction to the "Sexhavior Cycle". ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2017; 46:2231-2251. [PMID: 28687897 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-017-0991-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
An empirical review of hypersexuality is timely as "compulsive sexual behavior" is being considered as an impulse control disorder for inclusion in the forthcoming International Classification of Diseases, 11th ed. Specifically, hypersexuality has been conceptualized in the literature as the inability to regulate one's sexual behavior that is a source of significant personal distress. Various theoretical models have been posited in an attempt to understand the occurrence of hypersexuality, although disagreement about these divergent conceptualizations of the condition has made assessment and treatment of hypersexual clients more challenging. Theories of sexual compulsivity, sexual impulsivity, dual control (sexual inhibition/excitation), and sex addiction are critically examined, as are the diagnostic criteria for clinically assessing hypersexuality as a sexual disorder. Our discussion of hypersexuality covers a diversity of research and clinical perspectives. We also address various challenges associated with reliably defining, psychometrically measuring, and diagnosing hypersexuality. Furthermore, literature is reviewed that expresses concerns regarding whether hypersexuality (conceptualized as a disorder) exists, whether it is simply normophilic behavior at the extreme end of sexual functioning, or alternatively is a presenting problem that requires treatment rather than a clinical diagnosis. Following our literature review, we developed the "sexhavior cycle of hypersexuality" to potentially explain the neuropsychology and maintenance cycle of hypersexuality. The sexhavior cycle suggests that, for some hypersexual persons, high sexual arousal may temporarily and adversely impact cognitive processing (cognitive abeyance) and explain a repeated pattern of psychological distress when interpreting one's sexual behavior (sexual incongruence). We also suggest that further research is required to validate whether hypersexuality is a behavioral disorder (such as gambling), although some presentations of the condition appear to be symptomatic of a heterogeneous psychological problem that requires treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Walton
- School of Behavioural, Cognitive and Social Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
| | - James M Cantor
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Navjot Bhullar
- School of Behavioural, Cognitive and Social Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
| | - Amy D Lykins
- School of Behavioural, Cognitive and Social Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia.
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85
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Kingston DA. Moving Forward on Hypersexuality. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2017; 46:2257-2259. [PMID: 28913564 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-017-1059-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Drew A Kingston
- Integrated Forensic Program, Royal Ottawa Health Care Group, Brockville, ON, K6V 5W7, Canada.
- School of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Hypersexual Disorder According to the Hypersexual Disorder Screening Inventory in Help-Seeking Swedish Men and Women With Self-Identified Hypersexual Behavior. Sex Med 2017; 5:e229-e236. [PMID: 28993093 PMCID: PMC5693399 DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Hypersexual Disorder Screening Inventory (HDSI) was developed by the American Psychiatric Association for clinical screening of hypersexual disorder (HD). Aims To examine the distribution of the proposed diagnostic entity HD according to the HDSI in a sample of men and women seeking help for problematic hypersexuality and evaluate some psychometric properties. Methods Data on sociodemographics, the HDSI, the Sexual Compulsivity Scale (SCS), and the Cognitive and Behavioral Outcomes of Sexual Behavior were collected online from 16 women and 64 men who self-identified as hypersexual. Respondents were recruited by advertisements offering psychological treatment for hypersexual behavior. Main Outcome Measures The HDSI, covering the proposed criteria for HD. Results Of the entire sample, 50% fulfilled the criteria for HD. Compared with men, women scored higher on the HDSI, engaged more often in risky sexual behavior, and worried more about physical injuries and pain. Men primarily used pornography, whereas women had sexual encounters. The HD group reported a larger number of sexual specifiers, higher scores on the SCS, more negative effects of sexual behavior, and more concerns about consequences compared with the non-HD group. Sociodemographics had no influence on HD. The HDSI’s core diagnostic criteria showed high internal reliability for men (α = 0.80) and women (α = 0.81). A moderate correlation between the HDSI and the SCS was found (0.51). The vast majority of the entire sample (76 of 80, 95%) fulfilled the criteria for sexual compulsivity according to the SCS. Conclusion The HDSI could be used as a screening tool for HD, although further explorations of the empirical implications regarding criteria are needed, as are refinements of cutoff scores and specific sexual behaviors. Hypersexual problematic behavior causes distress and impairment and, although not included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, HD should be endorsed as a diagnosis to develop evidence-based treatment and future studies on its etiology. Öberg KG, Hallberg J, Kaldo V, et al. Hypersexual Disorder According to the Hypersexual Disorder Screening Inventory in Help-Seeking Swedish Men and Women With Self-Identified Hypersexual Behavior. Sex Med 2017;5:e229–e236.
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88
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Poudat FX, Lagadec M. Cybersexualité addictive et thérapie comportementale et cognitive. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcc.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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89
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Bouchard KN, Dawson SJ, Lalumière ML. The effects of sex drive and paraphilic interests on paraphilic behaviours in a nonclinical sample of men and women. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN SEXUALITY 2017. [DOI: 10.3138/cjhs.262-a8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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90
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Vella-Zarb RA, Cohen JN, McCabe RE, Rowa K. Differentiating Sexual Thoughts in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder From Paraphilias and Nonparaphilic Sexual Disorders. COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL PRACTICE 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chatzittofis A, Savard J, Arver S, Öberg KG, Hallberg J, Nordström P, Jokinen J. Interpersonal violence, early life adversity, and suicidal behavior in hypersexual men. J Behav Addict 2017; 6:187-193. [PMID: 28467102 PMCID: PMC5520124 DOI: 10.1556/2006.6.2017.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims There are significant gaps in knowledge regarding the role of childhood adversity, interpersonal violence, and suicidal behavior in hypersexual disorder (HD). The aim of this study was to investigate interpersonal violence in hypersexual men compared with healthy volunteers and the experience of violence in relation to suicidal behavior. Methods This case-control study includes 67 male patients with HD and 40 healthy male volunteers. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire - Short Form (CTQ-SF) and the Karolinska Interpersonal Violence Scale (KIVS) were used for assessing early life adversity and interpersonal violence in childhood and in adult life. Suicidal behavior (attempts and ideation) was assessed with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (version 6.0) and the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale - Self-rating. Results Hypersexual men reported more exposure to violence in childhood and more violent behavior as adults compared with healthy volunteers. Suicide attempters (n = 8, 12%) reported higher KIVS total score, more used violence as a child, more exposure to violence as an adult as well as higher score on CTQ-SF subscale measuring sexual abuse (SA) compared with hypersexual men without suicide attempt. Discussion Hypersexuality was associated with interpersonal violence with higher total scores in patients with a history of suicide attempt. The KIVS subscale exposure to interpersonal violence as a child was validated using the CTQ-SF but can be complemented with questions focusing on SA for full assessment of early life adversity. Conclusion Childhood adversity is an important factor in HD and interpersonal violence might be related to suicidal behavior in hypersexual men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Chatzittofis
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience/Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden,Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus,Corresponding author: Andreas Chatzittofis; Department of Clinical Neuroscience/Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; Phone: +46 7 00289786; Fax: +46 8 303706; E-mail:
| | - Josephine Savard
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience/Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefan Arver
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katarina Görts Öberg
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Hallberg
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Nordström
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience/Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jussi Jokinen
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience/Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Clinical Sciences/Psychiatry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Montgomery-Graham S. Conceptualization and Assessment of Hypersexual Disorder: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Sex Med Rev 2017; 5:146-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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93
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Kingston DA, Graham FJ, Knight RA. Relations Between Self-Reported Adverse Events in Childhood and Hypersexuality in Adult Male Sexual Offenders. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2017; 46:707-720. [PMID: 27752854 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-016-0873-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypersexuality, or extreme normophilic sexual urges and behaviors, is a controversial construct that was recently considered as a candidate disorder for the DSM-5 and was rejected. It was also rejected for inclusion in Section III (Conditions for Further Study). Nonetheless, it has been found to be an important predictor of recidivism among sex offenders, and it continues to be discussed widely in the literature. In the present study, we investigated the developmental roots of this construct in a sample of 529 adult male sexual offenders, who were administered the Multidimensional Assessment of Sex and Aggression. Physical, psychological, and sexual abuse experiences were estimated using several scales of early development. Psychological abuse in childhood and adolescence, especially by a father, was found to be the most prominent predictor of subsequent hypersexual thoughts and behaviors. The accumulation of abuse types, however, was also associated with a monotonic increase in the latent trait of hypersexuality. The consequences of these results for conceptualizations of the construct are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew A Kingston
- Integrated Forensic Program, Institute of Mental Health Research, Brockville Mental Health Centre, Royal Ottawa Health Care Group, 1804 Highway 2 East, Brockville, ON, K6V 5W7, Canada.
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Walton MT, Cantor JM, Lykins AD. An Online Assessment of Personality, Psychological, and Sexuality Trait Variables Associated with Self-Reported Hypersexual Behavior. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2017; 46:721-733. [PMID: 26502283 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-015-0606-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
"Hypersexual" behavior represents a perceived inability to control one's sexual behavior. To investigate hypersexual behavior, an international sample of 510 self-identified heterosexual, bisexual, and homosexual men and women completed an anonymous online self-report questionnaire battery. In addition to age and sex (male), hypersexual behavior was related to higher scores on measures of sexual excitation, sexual inhibition due to the threat of performance failure, trait impulsivity, and both depressed mood and anxiety. In contrast, hypersexual behavior was related to lower scores on sexual inhibition due to the threat of performance consequences. Higher neuroticism and extraversion, as well as lower agreeableness and conscientiousness, also predicted hypersexual behavior. Interestingly, interactions among the variables assessed did not significantly predict hypersexual behavior, suggesting the possible existence of multiple and predominantly independent taxa for various persons reporting hypersexual behavior. Core personality features may also be present in persons with hypersexual behavior. Clinical implications and future research directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Walton
- Discipline of Psychology, School of Behavioral, Cognitive, and Social Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
| | - James M Cantor
- Law and Mental Health Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Amy D Lykins
- Discipline of Psychology, School of Behavioral, Cognitive, and Social Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia.
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95
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Joyal CC, Carpentier J. The Prevalence of Paraphilic Interests and Behaviors in the General Population: A Provincial Survey. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2017; 54:161-171. [PMID: 26941021 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2016.1139034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Paraphilic sexual interests are defined as unusual or anomalous, but their actual occurrence in nonclinical samples is still unknown. This study looked at desire for and experience of paraphilic behaviors in a sample of adult men and women in the general population. A secondary goal was to compare the results of two survey modes-traditional landline telephone versus online. A total of 1,040 persons classified according to age, gender, education, ethnic background, religious beliefs, area of residency, and corresponding to the norm for the province of Quebec were interviewed. Nearly half of this sample expressed interest in at least one paraphilic category, and approximately one-third had had experience with such a practice at least once. Voyeurism, fetishism, frotteurism, and masochism interested both male and female respondents at levels above what is usually considered to be statistically unusual (15.9%). Interestingly, levels of interest in fetishism and masochism were not significantly different for men and women. Masochism was significantly linked with higher satisfaction with one's own sexual life. As expected, the online mode generated more acknowledgment of paraphilic interest than the telephone mode. These results call into question the current definition of normal (normophilic) versus anomalous (paraphilic) sexual behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian C Joyal
- a University of Quebec at Trois-Rivieres and Philippe Pinel Institute of Montreal
| | - Julie Carpentier
- a University of Quebec at Trois-Rivieres and Philippe Pinel Institute of Montreal
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Sexual Dysfunctions in Parkinson's Disease: An Underrated Problem in a Much Discussed Disorder. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2017; 134:859-876. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2017.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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97
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Abstract
In developed countries, the traditional gender gap in youth smoking and drinking is closing. As tobacco and alcohol are more harmful to women than to men, this is an alarming trend. As men are generally more short-term oriented in their sexuality than women, and given that cigarette and alcohol use are still considered masculine behaviors, we explored if female smoking and drinking can function as a short-term mating strategy. By means of a between-subjects experiment ( N = 218), men’s perceptions of female smoking and drinking were studied. The experiment showed that young men perceive women who use cigarettes and alcohol as being more sexually unrestricted. Furthermore, tobacco and (especially) alcohol use brought some short-term attractiveness benefits to women. In short-term mating contexts, drinking enhanced women’s attractiveness, whereas occasional smoking was found equally desirable as not smoking. However, in long-term mating contexts, frequent drinking and all smoking behavior harmed women’s desirability. A follow-up study ( N = 202) confirmed men’s perceptions, showing that female users of tobacco and alcohol are indeed more short-term oriented in their sexuality. Overall, results indicate that female smoking and drinking can operate as a short-term mating strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveline Vincke
- Department of Communication Sciences, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
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98
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Grubbs JB, Hook JN. Religion, Spirituality, and Sexual Addiction: A Critical Evaluation of Converging Fields. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10720162.2016.1150925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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99
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Walton MT, Lykins AD, Bhullar N. Sexual Arousal and Sexual Activity Frequency: Implications for Understanding Hypersexuality. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2016; 45:777-782. [PMID: 26969320 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-016-0727-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Walton
- School of Behavioural Cognitive and Social Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
| | - Amy D Lykins
- School of Behavioural Cognitive and Social Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia.
| | - Navjot Bhullar
- School of Behavioural Cognitive and Social Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
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Boislard MA, van de Bongardt D, Blais M. Sexuality (and Lack Thereof) in Adolescence and Early Adulthood: A Review of the Literature. Behav Sci (Basel) 2016; 6:E8. [PMID: 26999225 PMCID: PMC4810042 DOI: 10.3390/bs6010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Youth sexuality has been primarily studied with a focus on its potential public health issues, such as sexually transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancies, and its comorbidity with other risky behaviors. More recently, it has been studied as a normative step in romantic partnerships, either pre- or post-marital, as well as outside the context of romantic involvement. In this paper, we review the extensive literature on sexuality in adolescence and early adulthood both within and outside romantic relationships (i.e., casual sexual relationships and experiences; CSREs). Furthermore, the recent recognition of youth sexuality as a developmental task has led to a renewed interest from scholars in youth who abstain from sexual encounters, whether deliberately or not. A brief overview of the literature on cultural differences in sexuality, and sexual-minority youth sexual development is also provided. This paper concludes by suggesting future directions to bring the field of youth sexuality and romantic relationships forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Aude Boislard
- Département de Sexologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Case postale 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada.
| | - Daphne van de Bongardt
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education (YIELD), University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 15776, Amsterdam 1001 NG, The Netherlands.
| | - Martin Blais
- Département de Sexologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Case postale 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada.
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