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Prabhu RH, Patravale VB, Joshi MD. Polymeric nanoparticles for targeted treatment in oncology: current insights. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:1001-18. [PMID: 25678788 PMCID: PMC4324541 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s56932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy, a major strategy for cancer treatment, lacks the specificity to localize the cancer therapeutics in the tumor site, thereby affecting normal healthy tissues and advocating toxic adverse effects. Nanotechnological intervention has greatly revolutionized the therapy of cancer by surmounting the current limitations in conventional chemotherapy, which include undesirable biodistribution, cancer cell drug resistance, and severe systemic side effects. Nanoparticles (NPs) achieve preferential accumulation in the tumor site by virtue of their passive and ligand-based targeting mechanisms. Polymer-based nanomedicine, an arena that entails the use of polymeric NPs, polymer micelles, dendrimers, polymersomes, polyplexes, polymer–lipid hybrid systems, and polymer–drug/protein conjugates for improvement in efficacy of cancer therapeutics, has been widely explored. The broad scope for chemically modifying the polymer into desired construct makes it a versatile delivery system. Several polymer-based therapeutic NPs have been approved for clinical use. This review provides an insight into the advances in polymer-based targeted nanocarriers with focus on therapeutic aspects in the field of oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi H Prabhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Vandana B Patravale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Medha D Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chicago College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
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52
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Talelli M, Barz M, Rijcken CJ, Kiessling F, Hennink WE, Lammers T. Core-Crosslinked Polymeric Micelles: Principles, Preparation, Biomedical Applications and Clinical Translation. NANO TODAY 2015; 10:93-117. [PMID: 25893004 PMCID: PMC4398985 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 340] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric micelles (PM) are extensively used to improve the delivery of hydrophobic drugs. Many different PM have been designed and evaluated over the years, and some of them have steadily progressed through clinical trials. Increasing evidence suggests, however, that for prolonged circulation times and for efficient EPR-mediated drug targeting to tumors and to sites of inflammation, PM need to be stabilized, to prevent premature disintegration. Core-crosslinking is among the most popular methods to improve the in vivo stability of PM, and a number of core-crosslinked polymeric micelles (CCPM) have demonstrated promising efficacy in animal models. The latter is particularly true for CCPM in which (pro-) drugs are covalently entrapped. This ensures proper drug retention in the micelles during systemic circulation, efficient drug delivery to pathological sites via EPR, and tailorable drug release kinetics at the target site. We here summarize recent advances in the CCPM field, addressing the chemistry involved in preparing them, their in vitro and in vivo performance, potential biomedical applications, and guidelines for efficient clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Talelli
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Immunology and Oncology and NanoBiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)/CSIC, Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Matthias Barz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Fabian Kiessling
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Clinic and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wim E. Hennink
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Twan Lammers
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Clinic and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Controlled Drug Delivery, University of Twente and MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Enschede, The Netherlands
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53
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Liu Q, Chen S, Chen J, Du J. An Asymmetrical Polymer Vesicle Strategy for Significantly Improving T1 MRI Sensitivity and Cancer-Targeted Drug Delivery. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/ma502255s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuming Liu
- School
of Materials Science
and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials
of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- School
of Materials Science
and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials
of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Jing Chen
- School
of Materials Science
and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials
of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Jianzhong Du
- School
of Materials Science
and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials
of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
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54
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Liu Y, Wang X, Sun CY, Wang J. Delivery of mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor for hepatocellular carcinoma stem cell therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:1012-1020. [PMID: 25522342 DOI: 10.1021/am508262j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant human tumors worldwide, but no effective therapeutic options are currently available. The cancer stem cell (CSC) has proven to play a central role in the development, metastasis, and recurrence of HCC. In this study, we report a dual functional mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor (U0126)-based therapy for treating both bulk HCC and HCC CSCs, using poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(d,l-lactide) (PEG-PLA) nanoparticles as the drug carrier. It is demonstrated that nanoparticle encapsulation enhanced the cell uptake of U0126 in HCC CSCs and that enhanced endocytosis lead to augmented cytotoxicity of U0126 in HCC CSCs. Moreover, the nanoparticle encapsulation increased the inhibition of self-renewal capability, prolonged the circulation time, and increased the tumor accumulation of U0126 when compared with the use of the free inhibitor. The systemic delivery of U0126 remarkably enhanced the suppression of tumor development with decreased CSCs in the HepG2 xenograft simultaneously with reduced systemic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science & Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
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55
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Villar-Alvarez E, Figueroa-Ochoa E, Barbosa S, Soltero JFA, Taboada P, Mosquera V. Reverse poly(butylene oxide)–poly(ethylene oxide)–poly(butylene oxide) block copolymers with lengthy hydrophilic blocks as efficient single and dual drug-loaded nanocarriers with synergistic toxic effects on cancer cells. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra07296d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reverse triblock copolymer micelles with lengthy polyethylene oxide blocks as efficient sustained dual drug-loaded nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Villar-Alvarez
- Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- 15782-Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
| | - E. Figueroa-Ochoa
- Laboratorio de Reología
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química
- CUECI, Universidad de Guadalajara
- 44430 Guadalajara
- Mexico
| | - S. Barbosa
- Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- 15782-Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
| | - J. F. A. Soltero
- Laboratorio de Reología
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química
- CUECI, Universidad de Guadalajara
- 44430 Guadalajara
- Mexico
| | - P. Taboada
- Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- 15782-Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
| | - V. Mosquera
- Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- 15782-Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
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56
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Wang Y, Santos A, Evdokiou A, Losic D. An overview of nanotoxicity and nanomedicine research: principles, progress and implications for cancer therapy. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:7153-7172. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00956a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The studies of nanomaterial-based drug delivery and nanotoxicity are closely interconnected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- The University of Adelaide
- 5005 Adelaide
- Australia
- School of Medicine
| | - Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering
- The University of Adelaide
- 5005 Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Andreas Evdokiou
- School of Medicine
- Discipline of Surgery
- The University of Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Dusan Losic
- School of Chemical Engineering
- The University of Adelaide
- 5005 Adelaide
- Australia
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57
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Voon SH, Kiew LV, Lee HB, Lim SH, Noordin MI, Kamkaew A, Burgess K, Chung LY. In vivo studies of nanostructure-based photosensitizers for photodynamic cancer therapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:4993-5013. [PMID: 25164105 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201401416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Animal models, particularly rodents, are major translational models for evaluating novel anticancer therapeutics. In this review, different types of nanostructure-based photosensitizers that have advanced into the in vivo evaluation stage for the photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer are described. This article focuses on the in vivo efficacies of the nanostructures as delivery agents and as energy transducers for photosensitizers in animal models. These materials are useful in overcoming solubility issues, lack of tumor specificity, and access to tumors deep in healthy tissue. At the end of this article, the opportunities made possible by these multiplexed nanostructure-based systems are summarized, as well as the considerable challenges associated with obtaining regulatory approval for such materials. The following questions are also addressed: (1) Is there a pressing demand for more nanoparticle materials? (2) What is the prognosis for regulatory approval of nanoparticles to be used in the clinic?
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Affiliation(s)
- Siew Hui Voon
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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58
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Freese C, Schreiner D, Anspach L, Bantz C, Maskos M, Unger RE, Kirkpatrick CJ. In vitro investigation of silica nanoparticle uptake into human endothelial cells under physiological cyclic stretch. Part Fibre Toxicol 2014; 11:68. [PMID: 25539809 PMCID: PMC4318365 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-014-0068-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In general the prediction of the toxicity and therapeutic efficacy of engineered nanoparticles in humans is initially determined using in vitro static cell culture assays. However, such test systems may not be sufficient for testing nanoparticles intended for intravenous application. Once injected, these nanoparticles are caught up in the blood stream in vivo and are therefore in continuous movement. Physical forces such as shear stress and cyclic stretch caused by the pulsatile blood flow are known to change the phenotype of endothelial cells which line the luminal side of the vasculature and thus may be able to affect cell-nanoparticle interactions. METHODS In this study we investigated the uptake of amorphous silica nanoparticles in primary endothelial cells (HUVEC) cultured under physiological cyclic stretch conditions (1 Hz, 5% stretch) and compared this to cells in a standard static cell culture system. The toxicity of varying concentrations was assessed using cell viability and cytotoxicity studies. Nanoparticles were also characterized for the induction of an inflammatory response. Changes to cell morphology was evaluated in cells by examining actin and PECAM staining patterns and the amounts of nanoparticles taken up under the different culture conditions by evaluation of intracellular fluorescence. The expression profile of 26 stress-related was determined by microarray analysis. RESULTS The results show that cytotoxicity to endothelial cells caused by silica nanoparticles is not significantly altered under stretch compared to static culture conditions. Nevertheless, cells cultured under stretch internalize fewer nanoparticles. The data indicate that the decrease of nanoparticle content in stretched cells was not due to the induction of cell stress, inflammation processes or an enhanced exocytosis but rather a result of decreased endocytosis. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this study shows that while the toxic impact of silica nanoparticles is not altered by stretch this dynamic model demonstrates altered cellular uptake of nanoparticles under physiologically relevant in vitro cell culture models. In particular for the development of nanoparticles for biomedical applications such improved in vitro cell culture models may play a pivotal role in the reduction of animal experiments and development costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Freese
- REPAIR-lab, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Daniel Schreiner
- REPAIR-lab, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Laura Anspach
- REPAIR-lab, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Mainz, Germany.
| | | | | | - Ronald E Unger
- REPAIR-lab, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Mainz, Germany.
| | - C James Kirkpatrick
- REPAIR-lab, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Mainz, Germany.
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59
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Anselmo AC, Modery-Pawlowski CL, Menegatti S, Kumar S, Vogus DR, Tian LL, Chen M, Squires TM, Sen Gupta A, Mitragotri S. Platelet-like nanoparticles: mimicking shape, flexibility, and surface biology of platelets to target vascular injuries. ACS NANO 2014; 8:11243-53. [PMID: 25318048 PMCID: PMC4246005 DOI: 10.1021/nn503732m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Targeted delivery of therapeutic and imaging agents in the vascular compartment represents a significant hurdle in using nanomedicine for treating hemorrhage, thrombosis, and atherosclerosis. While several types of nanoparticles have been developed to meet this goal, their utility is limited by poor circulation, limited margination, and minimal targeting. Platelets have an innate ability to marginate to the vascular wall and specifically interact with vascular injury sites. These platelet functions are mediated by their shape, flexibility, and complex surface interactions. Inspired by this, we report the design and evaluation of nanoparticles that exhibit platelet-like functions including vascular injury site-directed margination, site-specific adhesion, and amplification of injury site-specific aggregation. Our nanoparticles mimic four key attributes of platelets, (i) discoidal morphology, (ii) mechanical flexibility, (iii) biophysically and biochemically mediated aggregation, and (iv) heteromultivalent presentation of ligands that mediate adhesion to both von Willebrand Factor and collagen, as well as specific clustering to activated platelets. Platelet-like nanoparticles (PLNs) exhibit enhanced surface-binding compared to spherical and rigid discoidal counterparts and site-selective adhesive and platelet-aggregatory properties under physiological flow conditions in vitro. In vivo studies in a mouse model demonstrated that PLNs accumulate at the wound site and induce ∼65% reduction in bleeding time, effectively mimicking and improving the hemostatic functions of natural platelets. We show that both the biochemical and biophysical design parameters of PLNs are essential in mimicking platelets and their hemostatic functions. PLNs offer a nanoscale technology that integrates platelet-mimetic biophysical and biochemical properties for potential applications in injectable synthetic hemostats and vascularly targeted payload delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron C. Anselmo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Bioengineering University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | | | - Stefano Menegatti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Bioengineering University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Sunny Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Bioengineering University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Douglas R. Vogus
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Bioengineering University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Lewis L. Tian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Bioengineering University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Todd M. Squires
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Bioengineering University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Anirban Sen Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Samir Mitragotri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Bioengineering University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Address correspondence to
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60
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Li C, Xu W, Ding J, Zhang Y, Wang J, Zhuang X, Chen X. Micellization of antineoplastic agent to significantly upregulate efficacy and security. Macromol Biosci 2014; 15:328-41. [PMID: 25380513 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201400356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Revised: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The amphiphilic diblock copolymer composed of methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) and racemic oligoleucine was synthesized which formed into micelle with uniform size in aqueous environment. Doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded into micelle aided by noncovalent interactions with high drug loading efficiency. The DOX-loaded micelle (referred as M-DOX) demonstrated the sustained drug release in vitro and excellent antiproliferative capability toward both MG63 and Saos-2 cells. Furthermore, for both MG63 and Saos-2-xenografted BALB/c nude mouse models, M-DOX exhibited enhanced intratumoral distribution, improved antitumor efficacy, and reduced side effects compared with free DOX. Therefore, the polypeptide micelle showed a bright prospect for controlled delivery of antitumor drugs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, P. R. China
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61
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Rosemary Bastian A, Nangarlia A, Bailey LD, Holmes A, Kalyana Sundaram RV, Ang C, Moreira DRM, Freedman K, Duffy C, Contarino M, Abrams C, Root M, Chaiken I. Mechanism of multivalent nanoparticle encounter with HIV-1 for potency enhancement of peptide triazole virus inactivation. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:529-43. [PMID: 25371202 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.608315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Entry of HIV-1 into host cells remains a compelling yet elusive target for developing agents to prevent infection. A peptide triazole (PT) class of entry inhibitor has previously been shown to bind to HIV-1 gp120, suppress interactions of the Env protein at host cell receptor binding sites, inhibit cell infection, and cause envelope spike protein breakdown, including gp120 shedding and, for some variants, virus membrane lysis. We found that gold nanoparticle-conjugated forms of peptide triazoles (AuNP-PT) exhibit substantially more potent antiviral effects against HIV-1 than corresponding peptide triazoles alone. Here, we sought to reveal the mechanism of potency enhancement underlying nanoparticle conjugate function. We found that altering the physical properties of the nanoparticle conjugate, by increasing the AuNP diameter and/or the density of PT conjugated on the AuNP surface, enhanced potency of infection inhibition to impressive picomolar levels. Further, compared with unconjugated PT, AuNP-PT was less susceptible to reduction of antiviral potency when the density of PT-competent Env spikes on the virus was reduced by incorporating a peptide-resistant mutant gp120. We conclude that potency enhancement of virolytic activity and corresponding irreversible HIV-1 inactivation of PTs upon AuNP conjugation derives from multivalent contact between the nanoconjugates and metastable Env spikes on the HIV-1 virus. The findings reveal that multispike engagement can exploit the metastability built into virus the envelope to irreversibly inactivate HIV-1 and provide a conceptual platform to design nanoparticle-based antiviral agents for HIV-1 specifically and putatively for metastable enveloped viruses generally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arangassery Rosemary Bastian
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102, the School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Aakansha Nangarlia
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102, the School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Lauren D Bailey
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102
| | - Andrew Holmes
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102
| | - R Venkat Kalyana Sundaram
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102, the School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Charles Ang
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102, the School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Diogo R M Moreira
- the Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisas Goncalo Moniz, Salvador-BA 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Kevin Freedman
- the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, and
| | - Caitlin Duffy
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102
| | - Mark Contarino
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102
| | - Cameron Abrams
- the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, and
| | - Michael Root
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Irwin Chaiken
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102,
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Fortier C, Durocher Y, De Crescenzo G. Surface modification of nonviral nanocarriers for enhanced gene delivery. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2014; 9:135-51. [PMID: 24354815 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.13.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomedical nanotechnology has given a new lease of life to gene therapy with the ever-developing and ever-diversifying nonviral gene delivery nanocarriers. These are designed to pass a series of barriers in order to bring their nucleic acid cargo to the right subcellular location of particular cells. For a given application, each barrier has its dedicated strategy, which translates into a physicochemical, biological and temporal identity of the nanocarrier surface. Different strategies have thus been explored to implement adequate surface identities on nanocarriers over time for systemic delivery. In that context, this review will mainly focus on organic nanocarriers, for which these strategies will be described and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Fortier
- Life Sciences NRC Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, Building Montréal-Royalmount, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
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63
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Abstract
Nanomaterials are employed in extensive variety of commercial products such as electronic components, cosmetics, food, sports equipment, biomedical applications, and medicine. With the increasing utilization of engineered nanomaterials, the potential exposure of human to nanoparticles is rapidly increasing. Nowadays when new nanomaterials with new applications are introduced, mostly good and positive effects are mentioned whereas possible hazards arising from nanosize of the compounds are undermined. Toxicology studies of nanomaterials demonstrate some adverse effects in some human organs such as central nerve system, immune system, and lung. There is lack of complete information about human toxicity and environmental waste of nanomaterials. We aimed to highlight current toxicological concerns of potentially useful nanomaterials which are now used in pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences.
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64
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Baranello MP, Bauer L, Benoit DSW. Poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride)-based diblock copolymer micelles exhibit versatile hydrophobic drug loading, drug-dependent release, and internalization by multidrug resistant ovarian cancer cells. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:2629-41. [PMID: 24955779 DOI: 10.1021/bm500468d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic diblock copolymers of poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride)-b-poly(styrene) (PSMA-b-PS) and poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride)-b-poly(butyl acrylate) (PSMA-b-PBA) were synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerizations. Polymers were well-controlled with respect to molecular weight evolution and polydispersity indices (PDI < 1.2). Additionally, RAFT allowed for control of diblock compositions (i.e., ratio of hydrophilic PSMA blocks to hydrophobic PS/PBA blocks) and overall molecular weight, which resulted in reproducible self-assembly of diblocks into micelle nanoparticles with diameters of 20-100 nm. Parthenolide (PTL), a hydrophobic anticancer drug, was loaded and released from the micelles. The highest loading and prolonged release of PTL was observed from predominantly hydrophobic PSMA-b-PS micelles (e.g., PSMA100-b-PS258), which exhibited the most ordered hydrophobic environment for more favorable core-drug interactions. PSMA100-b-PS258 micelles were further loaded with doxorubicin (DOX), as well as two hydrophobic fluorescent probes, nile red and IR-780. While PTL released quantitatively within 24 h, DOX, IR-780, and nile red showed release over 1 week, suggesting stronger drug-core interactions and/or hindrance due to less favorable drug-solvent interactions. Finally, uptake and intracellular localization of PSMA100-b-PS258 micelles by multidrug resistant (MDR) ovarian cancer cells was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Additionally, in vitro analyses showed DOX-loaded PSMA-b-PS micelles exhibited greater cytotoxicity to NCI/ADR RES cells than equivalent free DOX doses (75% reduction in cell viability by DOX-loaded micelles compared to 40% reduction in viability by free DOX at 10 μM DOX), likely due to avoidance of MDR mechanisms that limit free hydrophobic drug accumulation. The ability of micelles to achieve intracellular delivery via avoidance of MDR mechanisms, along with the versatility of chemical constituents and drug loading and release rates, offer many advantages for a variety of drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Baranello
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627, United States
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65
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize the most recent preclinical and clinical advancements in therapeutic nano-oncology. RECENT FINDINGS First-generation nanotherapies are well tolerated in humans and evidence shows that they are efficacious, while at the same time reducing the burden of side-effects. Most of these therapies are not specifically targeted, but take advantage of enhanced passive accumulation within tumors to preferentially deliver chemotherapies that demonstrate off-target toxicities when administered as free drugs. Also, actively targeted nanotherapies are entering the clinical arena and preliminary data are encouraging. Finally, a number of exciting preclinical developments in nanotechnology provide clear evidence that nanotherapies will continue to enter the clinic and will have a significant impact in oncology. SUMMARY A number of intriguing nanoparticle therapies are being tested in preclinical and clinical trials. Nanoparticles with increasing molecular sophistication, specific targeting properties, and unique mechanisms of action will find their way to the clinic. Certainly, nanoparticle-based therapies will be increasingly represented in drug development pipelines, and will continue to provide efficacious and well tolerated drug options for patients with cancer.
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Finch G, Havel H, Analoui M, Barton RW, Diwan AR, Hennessy M, Reddy V, Sadrieh N, Tamarkin L, Wolfgang M, Yerxa B, Zolnik B, Liu M. Nanomedicine drug development: a scientific symposium entitled "Charting a roadmap to commercialization". AAPS JOURNAL 2014; 16:698-704. [PMID: 24821054 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-014-9608-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanotechnology in medicine holds great promise for revolutionizing a variety of therapies. The past decade witnessed dramatic advancements in scientific research in nanomedicines, although significant challenges still exist in nanomedicine design, characterization, development, and manufacturing. In March 2013, a two-day symposium "Nanomedicines: Charting a Roadmap to Commercialization," sponsored and organized by the Nanomedicines Alliance, was held to facilitate better understanding of the current science and investigative approaches and to identify and discuss challenges and knowledge gaps in nanomedicine development programs. The symposium provided a forum for constructive dialogue among key stakeholders in five distinct areas: nanomedicine design, preclinical pharmacology, toxicology, CMC (chemistry, manufacturing, and control), and clinical development. In this meeting synopsis, we highlight key points from plenary presentations and focus on discussions and recommendations from breakout sessions of the symposium.
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Cambón A, Figueroa-Ochoa E, Juárez J, Villar-Álvarez E, Pardo A, Barbosa S, Soltero JFA, Taboada P, Mosquera V. Complex Self-Assembly of Reverse Poly(butylene oxide)-Poly(ethylene oxide)-Poly(butylene oxide) Triblock Copolymers with Long Hydrophobic and Extremely Lengthy Hydrophilic Blocks. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:5258-69. [DOI: 10.1021/jp500426k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Cambón
- Departamento
de Física de la Materia Condensada, Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros, 15782-Santiago
de Compostela, Spain
| | - Edgar Figueroa-Ochoa
- Laboratorio de
Reología, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, Bolv. M. García Barragán 44430, Jalisco, México
| | - Josué Juárez
- Departamento
de Física, Universidad de Sonora, Rosales y Transversal, 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora, México
| | - Eva Villar-Álvarez
- Departamento
de Física de la Materia Condensada, Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros, 15782-Santiago
de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alberto Pardo
- Departamento
de Física de la Materia Condensada, Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros, 15782-Santiago
de Compostela, Spain
| | - Silvia Barbosa
- Departamento
de Física de la Materia Condensada, Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros, 15782-Santiago
de Compostela, Spain
| | - J. F. Armando Soltero
- Laboratorio de
Reología, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, Bolv. M. García Barragán 44430, Jalisco, México
| | - Pablo Taboada
- Departamento
de Física de la Materia Condensada, Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros, 15782-Santiago
de Compostela, Spain
| | - Víctor Mosquera
- Departamento
de Física de la Materia Condensada, Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros, 15782-Santiago
de Compostela, Spain
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68
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An overview of clinical and commercial impact of drug delivery systems. J Control Release 2014; 190:15-28. [PMID: 24747160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Drug delivery systems are widely researched and developed to improve the delivery of pharmaceutical compounds and molecules. The last few decades have seen a marked growth of the field fueled by increased number of researchers, research funding, venture capital and the number of start-ups. Collectively, the growth has led to novel systems that make use of micro/nano-particles, transdermal patches, inhalers, drug reservoir implants and antibody-drug conjugates. While the increased research activity is clearly an indication of proliferation of the field, clinical and commercial translation of early-stage research ideas is critically important for future growth and interest in the field. Here, we will highlight some of the examples of novel drug delivery systems that have undergone such translation. Specifically, we will discuss the developments, advantages, limitations and lessons learned from: (i) microparticle-based depot formulations, (ii) nanoparticle-based cancer drugs, (iii) transdermal systems, (iv) oral drug delivery systems, (v) pulmonary drug delivery, (vi) implants and (vii) antibody-drug conjugates. These systems have impacted treatment of many prevalent diseases including diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular diseases, among others. At the same time, these systems are integral and enabling components of products that collectively generate annual revenues exceeding US $100 billion. These examples provide strong evidence of the clinical and commercial impact of drug delivery systems.
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Abstract
Loading drugs into carriers such as liposomes can increase the therapeutic ratio by reducing drug concentrations in normal tissues and raising their concentrations in tumors. Although this strategy has proven advantageous in certain circumstances, many drugs are highly hydrophobic and nonionizable and cannot be loaded into liposomes through conventional means. We hypothesized that such drugs could be actively loaded into liposomes by encapsulating them into specially designed cyclodextrins. To test this hypothesis, two hydrophobic drugs that had failed phase II clinical trials because of excess toxicity at deliverable doses were evaluated. In both cases, the drugs could be remotely loaded into liposomes after their encapsulation (preloading) into cyclodextrins and administered to mice at higher doses and with greater efficacy than possible with the free drugs.
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70
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Topete A, Melgar D, Alatorre-Meda M, Iglesias P, Argibay B, Vidawati S, Barbosa S, Costoya JA, Taboada P, Mosquera V. NIR-light active hybrid nanoparticles for combined imaging and bimodal therapy of cancerous cells. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:6967-6977. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01273a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional hybrid polymeric-based nanoplatforms for simultaneous fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging and multimodal chemo- and phothermal therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Topete
- Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - D. Melgar
- Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M. Alatorre-Meda
- Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - P. Iglesias
- Grupo de Oncología Molecular
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS)
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - B. Argibay
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Neurociencias Clínicas
- Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela
- , Spain
| | - S. Vidawati
- Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - S. Barbosa
- Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J. A. Costoya
- Grupo de Oncología Molecular
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS)
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - P. Taboada
- Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - V. Mosquera
- Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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71
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Mejia-Ariza R, Huskens J. Formation of hybrid gold nanoparticle network aggregates by specific host–guest interactions in a turbulent flow reactor. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:210-216. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb21228a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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72
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Hu M, Zhu J, Qiu L. Polymer micelle-based combination therapy of paclitaxel and resveratrol with enhanced and selective antitumor activity. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra09761k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
mPEG-b-PLA polymer micelles for sequential delivery of resveratrol and paclitaxel to achieve enhanced and selective anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jinfang Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058, China
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Science
- Xinjiang Agricultural University
| | - Liyan Qiu
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy
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MATTIX BRANDON, MOORE THOMAS, UVAROV OLGA, POLLARD SAMUEL, O'DONNELL LAUREN, PARK KATELYN, HORNE DEVANTE, DHULEKAR JHILMIL, REESE LAURA, NGUYEN DUONG, KRAVEKA JACQUELINE, BURG KAREN, ALEXIS FRANK. EFFECTS OF POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLE SURFACE PROPERTIES ON INTERACTION WITH BRAIN TUMOR ENVIRONMENT. NANO LIFE 2013; 3:1343003. [PMID: 25110523 PMCID: PMC4126265 DOI: 10.1142/s1793984413430034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Current chemotherapy treatments are limited by poor drug solubility, rapid drug clearance and systemic side effects. Additionally, drug penetration into solid tumors is limited by physical diffusion barriers [e.g., extracellular matrix (ECM)]. Nanoparticle (NP) blood circulation half-life, biodistribution and ability to cross extracellular and cellular barriers will be dictated by NP composition, size, shape and surface functionality. Here, we investigated the effect of surface charge of poly(lactide)-poly(ethylene glycol) NPs on mediating cellular interaction. Polymeric NPs of equal sizes were used that had two different surface functionalities: negatively charged carboxyl (COOH) and neutral charged methoxy (OCH3). Cellular uptake studies showed significantly higher uptake in human brain cancer cells compared to noncancerous human brain cells, and negatively charged COOH NPs were uptaken more than neutral OCH3 NPs in 2D culture. NPs were also able to load and control the release of paclitaxel (PTX) over 19 days. Toxicity studies in U-87 glioblastoma cells showed that PTX-loaded NPs were effective drug delivery vehicles. Effect of surface charge on NP interaction with the ECM was investigated using collagen in a 3D cellular uptake model, as collagen content varies with the type of cancer and the stage of the disease compared to normal tissues. Results demonstrated that NPs can effectively diffuse across an ECM barrier and into cells, but NP mobility is dictated by surface charge. In vivo biodistribution of OCH3 NPs in intracranial tumor xenografts showed that NPs more easily accumulated in tumors with less collagen. These results indicate that a robust understanding of NP interaction with various tumor environments can lead to more effective patient-tailored therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- BRANDON MATTIX
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | - THOMAS MOORE
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | - OLGA UVAROV
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | - SAMUEL POLLARD
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | - LAUREN O'DONNELL
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | - KATELYN PARK
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | - DEVANTE HORNE
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | - JHILMIL DHULEKAR
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | - LAURA REESE
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | - DUONG NGUYEN
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
- Institute of Biological Interfaces of Engineering Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | - JACQUELINE KRAVEKA
- Department of Medicine Medical University of South Carolina Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - KAREN BURG
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
- Institute of Biological Interfaces of Engineering Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | - FRANK ALEXIS
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
- Institute of Biological Interfaces of Engineering Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631, USA
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74
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Angart P, Vocelle D, Chan C, Walton SP. Design of siRNA Therapeutics from the Molecular Scale. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2013; 6:440-68. [PMID: 23976875 PMCID: PMC3749788 DOI: 10.3390/ph6040440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While protein-based therapeutics is well-established in the market, development of nucleic acid therapeutics has lagged. Short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) represent an exciting new direction for the pharmaceutical industry. These small, chemically synthesized RNAs can knock down the expression of target genes through the use of a native eukaryotic pathway called RNA interference (RNAi). Though siRNAs are routinely used in research studies of eukaryotic biological processes, transitioning the technology to the clinic has proven challenging. Early efforts to design an siRNA therapeutic have demonstrated the difficulties in generating a highly-active siRNA with good specificity and a delivery vehicle that can protect the siRNA as it is transported to a specific tissue. In this review article, we discuss design considerations for siRNA therapeutics, identifying criteria for choosing therapeutic targets, producing highly-active siRNA sequences, and designing an optimized delivery vehicle. Taken together, these design considerations provide logical guidelines for generating novel siRNA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip Angart
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, 428 S. Shaw Lane, Room 2527, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (P.A.); (D.V.); (C.C.)
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75
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Papa S, Ferrari R, De Paola M, Rossi F, Mariani A, Caron I, Sammali E, Peviani M, Dell'Oro V, Colombo C, Morbidelli M, Forloni G, Perale G, Moscatelli D, Veglianese P. Polymeric nanoparticle system to target activated microglia/macrophages in spinal cord injury. J Control Release 2013; 174:15-26. [PMID: 24225226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The possibility to control the fate of the cells responsible for secondary mechanisms following spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most relevant challenges to reduce the post traumatic degeneration of the spinal cord. In particular, microglia/macrophages associated inflammation appears to be a self-propelling mechanism which leads to progressive neurodegeneration and development of persisting pain state. In this study we analyzed the interactions between poly(methyl methacrylate) nanoparticles (PMMA-NPs) and microglia/macrophages in vitro and in vivo, characterizing the features that influence their internalization and ability to deliver drugs. The uptake mechanisms of PMMA-NPs were in-depth investigated, together with their possible toxic effects on microglia/macrophages. In addition, the possibility to deliver a mimetic drug within microglia/macrophages was characterized in vitro and in vivo. Drug-loaded polymeric NPs resulted to be a promising tool for the selective administration of pharmacological compounds in activated microglia/macrophages and thus potentially able to counteract relevant secondary inflammatory events in SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Papa
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaele Ferrari
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "Giulio Natta", via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano De Paola
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Dipartimento di Ambiente e Salute, via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Rossi
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "Giulio Natta", via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mariani
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Dipartimento di Ambiente e Salute, via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Caron
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Eliana Sammali
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Peviani
- Università di Pavia, Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "L. Spallanzani", via Ferrata, 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Valentina Dell'Oro
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Colombo
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "Giulio Natta", via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Morbidelli
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Campus Hoenggerberg, HCI F125, Wolfgang Pauli Str. 10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gianluigi Forloni
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Perale
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "Giulio Natta", via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy; Department of Innovative Technologies, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, SUPSI, via Cantonale, CH-6928 Manno, Switzerland; Swiss Institute for Regenerative Medicine, CH-6807 Taverne, Switzerland
| | - Davide Moscatelli
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "Giulio Natta", via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Veglianese
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy.
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77
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Abstract
RNA molecules are highly modular components that can be used in a variety of contexts for building new metabolic, regulatory and genetic circuits in cells. The majority of synthetic RNA systems to date predominately rely on two-dimensional modularity. However, a better understanding and integration of three-dimensional RNA modularity at structural and functional levels is critical to the development of more complex, functional bio-systems and molecular machines for synthetic biology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wade Grabow
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Seattle Pacific University3307 Third Avenue West, Seattle, WA 98119USA
| | - Luc Jaeger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Bio-Molecular Science and Engineering Program, University of CaliforniaSanta Barbara, CA 93106-9510USA
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78
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Intracellular trafficking and cellular uptake mechanism of mPEG-PLGA-PLL and mPEG-PLGA-PLL-Gal nanoparticles for targeted delivery to hepatomas. Biomaterials 2013; 35:760-70. [PMID: 24148242 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The lysosomal escape of nanoparticles is crucial to enhancing their delivery and therapeutic efficiency. Here, we report the cellular uptake mechanism, lysosomal escape, and organelle morphology effect of monomethoxy (polyethylene glycol)-poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide)-poly (L-lysine) (mPEG-PLGA-PLL, PEAL) and 4-O-beta-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-gluconic acid (Gal)-modified PEAL (PEAL-Gal) for intracellular delivery to HepG2, Huh7, and PLC hepatoma cells. These results indicate that PEAL is taken up by clathrin-mediated endocytosis of HepG2, Huh7 and PLC cells. For PEAL-Gal, sialic acid receptor-mediated endocytosis and clathrin-mediated endocytosis are the primary uptake pathways in HepG2 cells, respectively, whereas PEAL-Gal is internalized by sag vesicle- and clathrin-mediated endocytosis in Huh7 cells. In the case of PLC cells, clathrin-mediated endocytosis and sialic acid receptor play a primary role in the uptake of PEAL-Gal. TEM results verify that PEAL and PEAL-Gal lead to a different influence on organelle morphology of HepG2, Huh7 and PLC cells. In addition, the results of intracellular distribution reveal that PEAL and PEAL-Gal are less entrapped in the lysosomes of HepG2 and Huh7 cells, demonstrating that they effectively escape from lysosomes and contribute to enhance the efficiency of intracellular delivery and tumor therapy. In vivo tumor targeting image results demonstrate that PEAL-Gal specifically delivers Rhodamine B (Rb) to the tumor tissue of mice with HepG2, Huh7, and PLC hepatomas and remains at a high concentration in tumor tissue until 48 h, properties that will greatly contribute to enhanced antitumor efficiency.
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79
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Sun TM, Wang YC, Wang F, Du JZ, Mao CQ, Sun CY, Tang RZ, Liu Y, Zhu J, Zhu YH, Yang XZ, Wang J. Cancer stem cell therapy using doxorubicin conjugated to gold nanoparticles via hydrazone bonds. Biomaterials 2013; 35:836-45. [PMID: 24144908 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-mediated delivery of chemotherapies has demonstrated enhanced anti-cancer efficacy, mainly through the mechanisms of both passive and active targeting. Herein, we report other than these well-elucidated mechanisms, rationally designed nanoparticles can efficiently deliver drugs to cancer stem cells (CSCs), which in turn contributes significantly to the improved anti-cancer efficacy. We demonstrate that doxorubicin-tethered gold nanoparticles via a poly(ethylene glycol) spacer and an acid-labile hydrazone bond mediate potent doxorubicin delivery to breast CSCs, which reduces their mammosphere formation capacity and their cancer initiation activity, eliciting marked enhancement in tumor growth inhibition in murine models. The drug delivery mediated by the nanoparticles also markedly attenuates tumor growth during off-therapy stage by reducing breast CSCs in tumors, while the therapy with doxorubicin alone conversely evokes an enrichment of breast CSCs. Our findings suggest that with well-designed drug delivery system, the conventional chemotherapeutic agents are promising for cancer stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Meng Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, PR China
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80
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Abstract
Significant progress has been made in nanoscale drugs and delivery systems employing diverse chemical formulations to facilitate the rate of drug delivery and to improve its pharmacokinetics. Biocompatible nanomaterials have been used as biological markers, contrast agents for imaging, healthcare products, pharmaceuticals, drug-delivery systems as well as in detection, diagnosis and treatment of various types of diseases. The classification of drug delivery nanosystems (DDnSs) is a crucial issue and fundamental efforts on this subject are missing from the literature. This article deals with the classification of DDnSs with a modulatory controlled release profile (MCR) denoted as modulatory controlled release nanosystems (MCRnSs). Conventional (c) and advanced (a) DDnSs are denoted by the acronyms cDDnSs and aDDnSs, and can be composed of a single or more than one biomaterials, respectively. The classification was based on their characteristics such as: surface functionality (f), the nature of biomaterials used and the kind of interactions between biomaterials. The aDDnSs can be classified as hybridic (Hy-) or chimeric (Chi-) based on the nature - same or different respectively - of biomaterials and inorganic materials used. The nature of the elements used for producing advanced biomaterials is of great importance and medicinal chemistry contributes effectively to the production of aDDnSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costas Demetzos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, University of Athens , Athens , Greece
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81
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Kelley EG, Albert JNL, Sullivan MO, Epps TH. Stimuli-responsive copolymer solution and surface assemblies for biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:7057-71. [PMID: 23403471 PMCID: PMC3703495 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs35512h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive polymeric materials is one of the fastest growing fields of the 21st century, with the annual number of papers published more than quadrupling in the last ten years. The responsiveness of polymer solution assemblies and surfaces to biological stimuli (e.g. pH, reduction-oxidation, enzymes, glucose) and externally applied triggers (e.g. temperature, light, solvent quality) shows particular promise for various biomedical applications including drug delivery, tissue engineering, medical diagnostics, and bioseparations. Furthermore, the integration of copolymer architectures into stimuli-responsive materials design enables exquisite control over the locations of responsive sites within self-assembled nanostructures. The combination of new synthesis techniques and well-defined copolymer self-assembly has facilitated substantial developments in stimuli-responsive materials in recent years. In this tutorial review, we discuss several methods that have been employed to synthesize self-assembling and stimuli-responsive copolymers for biomedical applications, and we identify common themes in the response mechanisms among the targeted stimuli. Additionally, we highlight parallels between the chemistries used for generating solution assemblies and those employed for creating copolymer surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth G. Kelley
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA. Tel: +1 302 831 0215; Fax: +1 302 831 1048
| | - Julie N. L. Albert
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Millicent O. Sullivan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA. Tel: +1 302 831 0215; Fax: +1 302 831 1048
| | - Thomas H. Epps
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA. Tel: +1 302 831 0215; Fax: +1 302 831 1048
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Rahmani S, Park TH, Dishman AF, Lahann J. Multimodal delivery of irinotecan from microparticles with two distinct compartments. J Control Release 2013; 172:239-245. [PMID: 23973814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the last several decades, research in the field of drug delivery has been challenged with the fabrication of carrier systems engineered to deliver therapeutics to the target site with sustained and controlled release kinetics. Herein, we report the fabrication of microparticles composed of two distinct compartments: i) one compartment containing a pH responsive polymer, acetal-modified dextran, and PLGA (polylactide-co-glycolide), and ii) one compartment composed entirely of PLGA. We demonstrate the complete release of dextran from the microparticles during a 10-hour period in an acidic pH environment and the complete degradation of one compartment in less than 24h. This is in congruence with the stability of the same microparticles in neutral pH over the 24-hour period. Such microparticles can be used as pH responsive carrier systems for drug delivery applications where their cargo will only be released when the optimum pH window is reached. The feasibility of the microparticle system for such an application was confirmed by encapsulating a cancer therapeutic, irinotecan, in the compartment containing the acetal-modified dextran polymer and the pH dependent release over a 5-day period was studied. It was found that upon pH change to an acidic environment, over 50% of the drug was first released at a rapid rate for 10h, similar to that observed for the dextran release, before continuing at a more controlled rate for 4 days. As such, these microparticles can play an important role in the fabrication of novel drug delivery systems due to the selective, controlled, and pH responsive release of their encapsulated therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Rahmani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109, USA
| | - Tae-Hong Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109, USA
| | - Acacia Frances Dishman
- Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109, USA
| | - Joerg Lahann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109, USA.
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83
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Targeted therapy of spontaneous murine pancreatic tumors by polymeric micelles prolongs survival and prevents peritoneal metastasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:11397-402. [PMID: 23801758 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1301348110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoscaled drug-loaded carriers are of particular interest for efficient tumor therapy as numerous studies have shown improved targeting and efficacy. Nevertheless, most of these studies have been performed against allograft and xenograft tumor models, which have altered microenvironment features affecting the accumulation and penetration of nanocarriers. Conversely, the evaluation of nanocarriers on genetically engineered mice, which can gradually develop clinically relevant tumors, permits the validation of their design under normal processes of immunity, angiogenesis, and inflammation. Therefore, considering the poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer, we used the elastase 1-promoted luciferase and Simian virus 40 T and t antigens transgenic mice, which develop spontaneous bioluminescent pancreatic carcinoma, and showed that long circulating micellar nanocarriers, incorporating the parent complex of oxaliplatin, inhibited the tumor growth as a result of their efficient accumulation and penetration in the tumors. The reduction of the photon flux from the endogenous tumor by the micelles correlated with the decrease of serum carbohydrate-associated antigen 19-9 marker. Micelles also reduced the incidence of metastasis and ascites, extending the survival of the transgenic mice.
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84
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Angayarkanny S, Baskar G, Mandal AB. Nanocarriers of solid lipid from micelles of amino acids surfactants coated with polymer nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:6805-6814. [PMID: 23718941 DOI: 10.1021/la400605v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Polymer nanoparticle coated micelle assemblies of lauryl ester of tyrosine (LET) act as potential nanocarriers for the model solid lipid stearyl alcohol. The coating is afforded by a simple methodology of heterophase polymerization reaction of styrene or the mixture of styrene and butyl acrylate at a mole ratio of 0.8:0.2 in the presence of 200 mM LET in water. On the contrary, the polymer nanoparticles produced under similar conditions in the presence of a structurally similar surfactant, lauryl ester of phenyl alanine (LEP), failed to act as nanocarrier. The micelle templates of LET and LEP favored polymerization under controlled conditions as observed from the near monodisperse distribution of molecular weight and size of the polymers. The particle size distribution of poly(styrene) (PS) and poly(styrene-co-butyl acryalte) (PS-co-PBA) nanoparticles from LET was smaller at 24 and 20 nm in comparison to those from LEP. The encapsulation efficiency of polymer nanoparticles from LET surfactant is explained on the basis of difference in the coating of micelle assemblies, which we believe must be arising due to difference in the solubilization site of the monomers in the surfactant micelles before polymerization reaction. The solubilization of the model monomer, benzene at different regions, varying between shell and core of LET and LEP micelles is established from (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. The evidence for the coating of micelle assemblies from surface tension measurements and the encapsulation of stearyl alcohol in the polymer nanoparticle dispersions from LET drawn from transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Angayarkanny
- Industrial Chemistry Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Leather Research Laboratory (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai, India
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85
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Wu Y, Ihme S, Feuring‐Buske M, Kuan SL, Eisele K, Lamla M, Wang Y, Buske C, Weil T. A core-shell albumin copolymer nanotransporter for high capacity loading and two-step release of doxorubicin with enhanced anti-leukemia activity. Adv Healthc Mater 2013; 2:884-94. [PMID: 23225538 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201200296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The native transportation protein serum albumin represents an attractive nano-sized transporter for drug delivery applications due to its beneficial safety profile. Existing albumin-based drug delivery systems are often limited by their low drug loading capacity as well as noticeable drug leakage into the blood circulation. Therefore, a unique albumin-derived core-shell doxorubicin (DOX) delivery system based on the protein denaturing-backfolding strategy was developed. 28 DOX molecules were covalently conjugated to the albumin polypeptide backbone via an acid sensitive hydrazone linker. Polycationic and pegylated human serum albumin formed two non-toxic and enzymatically degradable protection shells around the encapsulated DOX molecules. This core-shell delivery system possesses notable advantages, including a high drug loading capacity critical for low administration doses, a two-step drug release mechanism based on pH and the presence of proteases, an attractive biocompatibility and narrow size distribution inherited from the albumin backbone, as well as fast cellular uptake and masking of epitopes due to a high degree of pegylation. The IC50 of these nanoscopic onion-type micelles was found in the low nanomolar range for Hela cells as well as leukemia cell lines. In vivo data indicate its attractive potential as anti-leukemia treatment suggesting its promising profile as nanomedicine drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhou Wu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III, Macromolecular Chemistry, Albert‐Einstein‐Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Susann Ihme
- Institute of Experimental Cancer Research, CCCU, Albert‐Einstein‐Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Michaela Feuring‐Buske
- Institute of Experimental Cancer Research, CCCU, Albert‐Einstein‐Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Ulm, Albert‐Einstein‐Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Seah Ling Kuan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III, Macromolecular Chemistry, Albert‐Einstein‐Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Klaus Eisele
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III, Macromolecular Chemistry, Albert‐Einstein‐Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Markus Lamla
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III, Macromolecular Chemistry, Albert‐Einstein‐Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Yanran Wang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III, Macromolecular Chemistry, Albert‐Einstein‐Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian Buske
- Institute of Experimental Cancer Research, CCCU, Albert‐Einstein‐Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Tanja Weil
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III, Macromolecular Chemistry, Albert‐Einstein‐Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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86
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Halamoda Kenzaoui B, Angeloni S, Overstolz T, Niedermann P, Chapuis Bernasconi C, Liley M, Juillerat-Jeanneret L. Transfer of ultrasmall iron oxide nanoparticles from human brain-derived endothelial cells to human glioblastoma cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:3581-3586. [PMID: 23578059 DOI: 10.1021/am401310s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are being used or explored for the development of biomedical applications in diagnosis and therapy, including imaging and drug delivery. Therefore, reliable tools are needed to study the behavior of NPs in biological environment, in particular the transport of NPs across biological barriers, including the blood-brain tumor barrier (BBTB), a challenging question. Previous studies have addressed the translocation of NPs of various compositions across cell layers, mostly using only one type of cells. Using a coculture model of the human BBTB, consisting in human cerebral endothelial cells preloaded with ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (USPIO NPs) and unloaded human glioblastoma cells grown on each side of newly developed ultrathin permeable silicon nitride supports as a model of the human BBTB, we demonstrate for the first time the transfer of USPIO NPs from human brain-derived endothelial cells to glioblastoma cells. The reduced thickness of the permeable mechanical support compares better than commercially available polymeric supports to the thickness of the basement membrane of the cerebral vascular system. These results are the first report supporting the possibility that USPIO NPs could be directly transferred from endothelial cells to glioblastoma cells across a BBTB. Thus, the use of such ultrathin porous supports provides a new in vitro approach to study the delivery of nanotherapeutics to brain cancers. Our results also suggest a novel possibility for nanoparticles to deliver therapeutics to the brain using endothelial to neural cells transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanka Halamoda Kenzaoui
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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87
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Shenoi MM, Iltis I, Choi J, Koonce NA, Metzger GJ, Griffin RJ, Bischof JC. Nanoparticle delivered vascular disrupting agents (VDAs): use of TNF-alpha conjugated gold nanoparticles for multimodal cancer therapy. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:1683-94. [PMID: 23544801 DOI: 10.1021/mp300505w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Surgery, radiation and chemotherapy remain the mainstay of current cancer therapy. However, treatment failure persists due to the inability to achieve complete local control of the tumor and curtail metastatic spread. Vascular disrupting agents (VDAs) are a class of promising systemic agents that are known to synergistically enhance radiation, chemotherapy or thermal treatments of solid tumors. Unfortunately, there is still an unmet need for VDAs with more favorable safety profiles and fewer side effects. Recent work has demonstrated that conjugating VDAs to other molecules (polyethylene glycol, CNGRCG peptide) or nanoparticles (liposomes, gold) can reduce toxicity of one prominent VDA (tumor necrosis factor alpha, TNF-α). In this report, we show the potential of a gold conjugated TNF-α nanoparticle (NP-TNF) to improve multimodal cancer therapies with VDAs. In a dorsal skin fold and hindlimb murine xenograft model of prostate cancer, we found that NP-TNF disrupts endothelial barrier function and induces a significant increase in vascular permeability within the first 1-2 h followed by a dramatic 80% drop in perfusion 2-6 h after systemic administration. We also demonstrate that the tumor response to the nanoparticle can be verified using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a technique in clinical use. Additionally, multimodal treatment with thermal therapies at the perfusion nadir in the sub- and supraphysiological temperature regimes increases tumor volumetric destruction by over 60% and leads to significant tumor growth delays compared to thermal therapy alone. Lastly, NP-TNF was found to enhance thermal therapy in the absence of neutrophil recruitment, suggesting that immune/inflammatory regulation is not central to its power as part of a multimodal approach. Our data demonstrate the potential of nanoparticle-conjugated VDAs to significantly improve cancer therapy by preconditioning tumor vasculature to a secondary insult in a targeted manner. We anticipate our work to direct investigations into more potent tumor vasculature specific combinations of VDAs and nanoparticles with the goal of transitioning optimal regimens into clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithun M Shenoi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
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88
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Moore TL, Pitzer JE, Podila R, Wang X, Lewis RL, Grimes SW, Wilson JR, Skjervold E, Brown JM, Rao A, Alexis F. Multifunctional Polymer-Coated Carbon Nanotubes for Safe Drug Delivery. PARTICLE & PARTICLE SYSTEMS CHARACTERIZATION : MEASUREMENT AND DESCRIPTION OF PARTICLE PROPERTIES AND BEHAVIOR IN POWDERS AND OTHER DISPERSE SYSTEMS 2013; 30:365-373. [PMID: 27642231 PMCID: PMC5022564 DOI: 10.1002/ppsc.201200145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Though progress in the use carbon nanotubes in medicine has been most encouraging for therapeutic and diagnostic applications, any translational success must involve overcoming the toxicological and surface functionalization challenges inherent in the use of such nanotubes. Ideally, a carbon nanotube-based drug delivery system would exhibit low toxicity, sustained drug release, and persist in circulation without aggregation. We report a carbon nanotube (CNT) coated with a biocompatible block-co-polymer composed of poly(lactide)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLA-PEG) to reduce short-term and long-term toxicity, sustain drug release of paclitaxel (PTX), and prevent aggregation. The copolymer coating on the surface of CNTs significantly reduces in vitro toxicity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and U-87 glioblastoma cells. Moreover, coating reduces in vitro inflammatory response in rat lung epithelial cells. Compared to non-coated CNTs, in vivo studies show no long-term inflammatory response with CNT coated with PLA-PEG (CLP) and the surface coating significantly decreases acute toxicity by doubling the maximum tolerated dose in mice. Using polymer coatings, we can encapsulate PTX and release over one week to increase the therapeutic efficacy compared to free drugs. In vivo biodistribution and histology studies suggests a lower degree of aggregation in tissues in that CLP accumulate more in the brain and less in the spleen than the CNT-PLA (CL) formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L. Moore
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC,
29634, USA
| | - Joshua E. Pitzer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, East Carolina
University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | | | - Xiaojia Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, East Carolina
University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Robert L. Lewis
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC,
29634, USA
| | - Stuart W. Grimes
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC,
29634, USA
| | - James R. Wilson
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC,
29634, USA
| | - Even Skjervold
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC,
29634, USA
| | - Jared M. Brown
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, East Carolina
University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Apparao Rao
- Department of Physics, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634,
USA
| | - Frank Alexis
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC,
29634, USA
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89
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Poly(styrene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymers: From “classical” chemotherapeutic nanocarriers to active cell-response inducers. J Control Release 2013; 167:68-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Revised: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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90
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Schütz CA, Juillerat-Jeanneret L, Mueller H, Lynch I, Riediker M. Therapeutic nanoparticles in clinics and under clinical evaluation. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2013; 8:449-67. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.13.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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91
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92
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Cambón A, Rey-Rico A, Mistry D, Brea J, Loza MI, Attwood D, Barbosa S, Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Concheiro A, Taboada P, Mosquera V. Doxorubicin-loaded micelles of reverse poly(butylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(butylene oxide) block copolymers as efficient "active" chemotherapeutic agents. Int J Pharm 2013; 445:47-57. [PMID: 23380628 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Five reverse poly(butylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(butylene oxide) block copolymers, BOnEOmBOn, with BO ranging from 8 to 21 units and EO from 90 to 411 were synthesized and evaluated as efficient chemotherapeutic drug delivery nanocarriers and inhibitors of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump in a multidrug resistant (MDR) cell line. The copolymers were obtained by reverse polymerization of poly(butylene oxide), which avoids transfer reaction and widening of the EO block distribution, commonly found in commercial poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) block copolymers (poloxamers). BOnEOmBOn copolymers formed spherical micelles of 10-40 nm diameter at lower concentrations (one order of magnitude) than those of equivalent poloxamers. The influence of copolymer block lengths and BO/EO ratios on the solubilization capacity and protective environment for doxorubicin (DOXO) was investigated. Micelles showed drug loading capacity ranging from ca. 0.04% to 1.5%, more than 150 times the aqueous solubility of DOXO, and protected the cargo from hydrolysis for more than a month due to their greater colloidal stability in solution. Drug release profiles at various pHs, and the cytocompatibility and cytotoxicity of the DOXO-loaded micelles were assessed in vitro. DOXO loaded in the polymeric micelles accumulated more slowly inside the cells than free DOXO due to its sustained release. All copolymers were found to be cytocompatible, with viability extents larger than 95%. In addition, the cytotoxicity of DOXO-loaded micelles was higher than that observed for free drug solutions in a MDR ovarian NCI-ADR-RES cell line which overexpressed P-gp. The inhibition of the P-gp efflux pump by some BOnEOmBOn copolymers, similar to that measured for the common P-gp inhibitor verapamil, favored the retention of DOXO inside the cell increasing its cytotoxic activity. Therefore, poly(butylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymers offer interesting features as cell response modifiers to complement their role as efficient nanocarriers for cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cambón
- Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros, Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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93
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Kuan SL, Wu Y, Weil T. Precision Biopolymers from Protein Precursors for Biomedical Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2013; 34:380-92. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201200662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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94
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Tomasina J, Lheureux S, Gauduchon P, Rault S, Malzert-Fréon A. Nanocarriers for the targeted treatment of ovarian cancers. Biomaterials 2013; 34:1073-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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95
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Vácha R, Martinez-Veracoechea FJ, Frenkel D. Intracellular release of endocytosed nanoparticles upon a change of ligand-receptor interaction. ACS NANO 2012; 6:10598-605. [PMID: 23148579 DOI: 10.1021/nn303508c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
During passive endocytosis, nanosized particles are initially encapsulated by a membrane separating it from the cytosol. Yet, in many applications the nanoparticles need to be in direct contact with the cytosol in order to be active. We report a simulation study that elucidates the physical mechanisms by which such nanoparticles can shed their bilayer coating. We find that nanoparticle release can be readily achieved by a pH-induced lowering of the attraction between nanoparticle and membrane only if the nanoparticle is either very small or nonspherical. Interestingly, we find that in the case of large spherical nanoparticles, the reduction of attraction needs to be accompanied by exerting an additional tension on the membrane (e.g., via nanoparticle expansion) to achieve release. We expect these findings will contribute to the rational design of drug delivery strategies via nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Vácha
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science and CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno-Bohunice, Czech Republic.
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96
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Oliveira MF, Guimarães PPG, Gomes ADM, Suárez D, Sinisterra RD. Strategies to target tumors using nanodelivery systems based on biodegradable polymers, aspects of intellectual property, and market. J Chem Biol 2012; 6:7-23. [PMID: 24294318 DOI: 10.1007/s12154-012-0086-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michele F Oliveira
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Pres. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, CEP: 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
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97
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Zhou Y, Kopeček J. Biological rationale for the design of polymeric anti-cancer nanomedicines. J Drug Target 2012; 21:1-26. [PMID: 23009337 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2012.723213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the biological features of cancer is the basis for designing efficient anti-cancer nanomedicines. On one hand, important therapeutic targets for anti-cancer nanomedicines need to be identified based on cancer biology, to address the unmet medical needs. On the other hand, the unique pathophysiological properties of cancer affect the delivery and interactions of anti-cancer nanomedicines with their therapeutic targets. This review discusses several critical cancer biological properties that challenge the currently available anti-cancer treatments, including cancer heterogeneity and cancer stem cells, the complexcity of tumor microenvironment, and the inevitable cancer metastases. In addition, the biological bases of the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and tumor-specific active targeting, as well as the physiological barriers for passive and active targeting of anti-cancer nanomedicines are covered in this review. Correspondingly, possible nanomedicine strategies to target cancer heterogeneity, cancer stem cells and metastases, to overcome the challenges related to tumor passive targeting and tumor penetration, and to improve the interactions of therapeutic payloads with the therapeutic targets are discussed. The focus is mainly on the designs of polymeric anti-cancer nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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98
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Sotiriou GA. Biomedical applications of multifunctional plasmonic nanoparticles. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 5:19-30. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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99
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Delie F, Ribaux P, Petignat P, Cohen M. Anti-KDEL-coated nanoparticles: a promising tumor targeting approach for ovarian cancer? Biochimie 2012; 94:2391-7. [PMID: 22713763 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2012.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to target ovarian cancer cells by coupling paclitaxel (Tx)-loaded nanoparticles (NPs-Tx) to antibodies against KDEL sequence, able to recognize GRP94 and GRP78 that are located at cell surface in cancer cells whereas they are in the endoplasmic reticulum in healthy cells. Tx-loaded poly (DL-lactic acid) nanoparticles coated with anti-KDEL antibodies (NPs-Tx-KDEL) were successfully prepared and characterized. Interaction between tumor cells and NPs-Tx or NPs-Tx-KDEL was observed by microscopy with fluorescently labeled NPs and the efficacy of the different formulations was compared by a viability assay. Particles functionalized with monoclonal antibodies (mAb) showed a higher binding to the cells even though the internalization rate appeared limited. The effect of NPs-Tx-KDEL on cell viability (proliferation) was compared to Tx, NPs, NPs-Tx, anti-KDEL mAb or anti-KDEL mAb in combination with NPs-Tx in Bg-1 ovarian cell line. Our data indicate that NPs-Tx-KDEL significantly increase sensitivity of Bg-1 cells to Tx compared to other treatments. This study confirms the interest of anti-cancer therapy by targeting cell surface GRP78 and GRP94 on cancer cells, and demonstrates the efficiency of coupling KDEL antibodies to NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Delie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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100
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Tyrrell ZL, Shen Y, Radosz M. Multilayered Nanoparticles for Controlled Release of Paclitaxel Formed by Near-Critical Micellization of Triblock Copolymers. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma300271k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary L. Tyrrell
- Soft Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, United States
| | - Youqing Shen
- Center for Bionanoengineering
and the State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China 310027
| | - Maciej Radosz
- Soft Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, United States
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