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Milella RA, Basile T, Alba V, Gasparro M, Giannandrea MA, Debiase G, Genghi R, Antonacci D. Optimized ultrasonic-assisted extraction of phenolic antioxidants from grape ( Vitis vinifera L.) skin using response surface methodology. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2019; 56:4417-4428. [PMID: 31686673 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-03946-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the analysis of bioactive compounds is easily carried out by modern chromatographic and spectrometric techniques, but the success of the procedure still depends on the efficiency of the extraction methods. This work aimed at finding the optimal conditions for ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) of phenolic antioxidants from grape skin using single-factor experimentation combined with response-surface methodology. Our extraction parameters were ethanol concentration, time and temperature. Total phenolic content (TPC and TPC-280), 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) were dependent variables. A second-order polynomial model satisfactorily described the experimental data. Optimized extraction conditions for UAE from grape skin were: 59.5% ethanol, 113.6 min and 66.8 °C for TPC extraction; 61.1% ethanol, 99.4 min and 66.1 °C for TPC-280 extraction; 57.1% ethanol, 99.5 min and 66.8 °C for DPPH radical-scavenging activity; 60.2% ethanol, 82.4 min and 66.8 °C for ORAC value. Our work provides detailed and useful information to optimize the extraction of grape skin phenols, which are widely used as dietary supplements and nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Anna Milella
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, BA Italy
| | - Teodora Basile
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, BA Italy
| | - Vittorio Alba
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, BA Italy
| | - Marica Gasparro
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, BA Italy
| | - Maria Angela Giannandrea
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, BA Italy
| | - Giambattista Debiase
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, BA Italy
| | - Rosalinda Genghi
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, BA Italy
| | - Donato Antonacci
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, BA Italy
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Joshi R, Trinkl J, Haugeneder A, Härtl K, Franz-Oberdorf K, Giri A, Hoffmann T, Schwab W. Semirational design and engineering of grapevine glucosyltransferases for enhanced activity and modified product selectivity. Glycobiology 2019; 29:765-775. [PMID: 31361022 PMCID: PMC6835047 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwz056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Uridine diphosphate-dependent glycosyltransferases (UGTs) catalyze the transfer of a diversity of sugars to several acceptor molecules and often exhibit distinct substrate specificity. Modulation of glycosyltransferases for increased catalytic activity and altered substrate or product specificity are the key manipulations for the biotechnological use of glycosyltransferases in various biosynthetic processes. Here, we have engineered the binding pocket of three previously characterized Vitis vinifera glycosyltransferases, UGT88F12, UGT72B27 and UGT92G6, by structure-guided in silico mutagenesis to facilitate the interactions of active site residues with flavonol glucosides and thus modify substrate specificity and activity. Site-directed mutagenesis at selected sites, followed with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry based activity assays, exhibited that mutant UGTs were altered in product selectivity and activity as compared to the wild-type enzymes. Mutant UGTs produced larger amounts of flavonol di-monosaccharide glucosides, which imply that the mutations led to structural changes that increased the volume of the binding pocket to accommodate a larger substrate and to release larger products at ease. Mutants showed increased activity and modified product specificity. Thus, structure-based systematic mutations of the amino acid residues in the binding pocket can be explored for the generation of engineered UGTs for diverse biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Joshi
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology (IBB), Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Ganeshkhind Road, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India.,Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, Germany.,Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
| | - Johanna Trinkl
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, Germany
| | - Annika Haugeneder
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, Germany
| | - Katja Härtl
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, Germany
| | - Katrin Franz-Oberdorf
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, Germany
| | - Ashok Giri
- Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
| | - Thomas Hoffmann
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, Germany
| | - Wilfried Schwab
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, Germany
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53
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Grieco F, Carluccio MA, Giovinazzo G. Autochthonous Saccharomyces cerevisiae Starter Cultures Enhance Polyphenols Content, Antioxidant Activity, and Anti-Inflammatory Response of Apulian Red Wines. Foods 2019; 8:foods8100453. [PMID: 31590278 PMCID: PMC6836090 DOI: 10.3390/foods8100453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Several biotic and abiotic factors can influence the amount of polyphenols in grape tissues. During vinification, the temperature, presence of grape seeds and peel, and use of enzymes, can influence the extraction of polyphenols. However, little information is available on the effects of yeast strains used in the polyphenolic composition of wine. With this aim, two selected Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, ITEM 14093 and ITEM 14077 were used to produce wine from two Italian grape cultivars, Primitivo and Negroamaro. At the end of the alcoholic fermentation, the content of total polyphenols and of particular classes of polyphenols (stilbenes, phenolic acids, flavonols, and flavanols) and the antioxidant activity were evaluated and compared in the obtained wines. We also examined the effects of red wine extracts in a culture model of vascular inflammation. The results obtained comparing wine extracts obtained by utilizing commercial or autochthonous yeast showed that wines obtained with selected yeast significantly inhibited vascular inflammation. The results are positively directed towards the healthy properties of wine drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Grieco
- National Research Council-Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), via Prov. Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Maria Annunziata Carluccio
- National Research Council-Institute of Clinic Physiology (IFC), via Prov. Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Giovinazzo
- National Research Council-Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), via Prov. Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
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de Oliveira NG, Teixeira IT, Theodoro H, Branco CS. Dietary total antioxidant capacity as a preventive factor against depression in climacteric women. Dement Neuropsychol 2019; 13:305-311. [PMID: 31555403 PMCID: PMC6753913 DOI: 10.1590/1980-57642018dn13-030007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is characterized by physical or psychological distress and in many cases can lead to suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natiani Gonçalves de Oliveira
- Universidade de Caxias do Sul Área do Conhecimento de Ciências da Vida Caxias do SulRS Brasil Área do Conhecimento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brasil
| | - Iranice Taís Teixeira
- Universidade de Caxias do Sul Área do Conhecimento de Ciências da Vida Caxias do SulRS Brasil Área do Conhecimento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brasil
| | - Heloísa Theodoro
- Universidade de Caxias do Sul Área do Conhecimento de Ciências da Vida Caxias do SulRS Brasil Área do Conhecimento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brasil
| | - Catia Santos Branco
- Universidade de Caxias do Sul Área do Conhecimento de Ciências da Vida Caxias do SulRS Brasil Área do Conhecimento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brasil.,Universidade de Caxias do Sul Instituto de Biotecnologia Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo e Antioxidantes Caxias do SulRS Brasil Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo e Antioxidantes, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brasil
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Shafaei A, Croft K, Hodgson J, Boyce MC. Simultaneous quantitative analysis of polyphenolic compounds in human plasma by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:2909-2921. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Armaghan Shafaei
- Centre for Integrative Metabolomics and Computational BiologySchool of ScienceEdith Cowan University Western Australia Australia
| | - Kevin Croft
- School of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of Western AustraliaRoyal Perth Hospital Perth Australia
| | - Jonathan Hodgson
- School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan University Western Australia Australia
- Medical SchoolUniversity of Western AustraliaRoyal Perth Hospital Perth Australia
| | - Mary C. Boyce
- Centre for Integrative Metabolomics and Computational BiologySchool of ScienceEdith Cowan University Western Australia Australia
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Elrod SM, Langley C, Greenspan P, Hofmeister E. Relationship between Phenolic and Antioxidant Concentration of Humulus lupulus and Alpha Acid Content. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/03610470.2019.1587701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susan M. Elrod
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Athens, Georgia, U.S.A.
| | - Caroline Langley
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Athens, Georgia, U.S.A.
| | - Phillip Greenspan
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Athens, Georgia, U.S.A.
| | - Erik Hofmeister
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, Georgia, U.S.A
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HPLC Analysis of Phenols in Negroamaro and Primitivo Red Wines from Salento. Foods 2019; 8:foods8020045. [PMID: 30717077 PMCID: PMC6406546 DOI: 10.3390/foods8020045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Wine is probably the oldest and still most consumed alcoholic beverage in the world. Nevertheless, it contains several biomolecules with beneficial health effects. Phenols are among them and, in this article, we identified and quantified by HPLC catechin, gallic acid, hydroxytyrosol, quercetin, trans-resveratrol, and syringic acid in Primitivo and Negroamaro red wines from Salento, in Southeast Italy. The concentrations of the analyzed antioxidant molecules were quite high in all varieties. Gallic acid and catechin were the most abundant, but significant concentrations of quercetin, hydroxytyrosol, syringic acid, and trans-resveratrol were also found. Multivariate statistical analysis was also employed to discriminate between Negroamaro and Primitivo wines, suggesting the variables influencing their separation.
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da Silva Haas IC, Toaldo IM, Gomes TM, Luna AS, de Gois JS, Bordignon-Luiz MT. Polyphenolic profile, macro- and microelements in bioaccessible fractions of grape juice sediment using in vitro gastrointestinal simulation. FOOD BIOSCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Biochemical and Physiological Parameters in Rats Fed with High-Fat Diet: The Protective Effect of Chronic Treatment with Purple Grape Juice (Bordo Variety). BEVERAGES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/beverages4040100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
High-fat-diet (HFD) has been related to metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Consumption of grapes and their byproducts containing phenolic compounds has been reported due to the benefits they produce for human health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant and protective effect of chronic intake of purple grape juice on certain biochemical and physiological changes promoted by the consumption of HFD. Forty male rats were randomly divided into four groups to receive standard or HFD diet and/or conventional (CGJ) or organic grape juice (OGJ) for three months. Dietary intake, body weight gain, cardiometabolic parameters, and serum lipoperoxidation were investigated. Results showed that consumption of CGJ and OGJ changed the pattern of food and drink intake of the animals. There was a reduction in the body weight of animals that consumed grape juices and an increase in the weight gain in HFD and OGJ rats. HFD increased abdominal fat and the abdominal fat/weight ratio, and both grape juices prevented these modifications. HFD increased hepatic enzymes levels (aminotransferase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT)) and reduced urea. Purple grape juices prevented some of these changes. HFD enhanced lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)) in serum and CGJ and OGJ prevented this increase. The consumption of purple grape juice has the potential to prevent and ameliorate most of the alterations provoked by HFD, therefore regular intake of grape products could promote beneficial effects.
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Betta FD, Nehring P, Seraglio SKT, Schulz M, Valese AC, Daguer H, Gonzaga LV, Fett R, Costa ACO. Phenolic Compounds Determined by LC-MS/MS and In Vitro Antioxidant Capacity of Brazilian Fruits in Two Edible Ripening Stages. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 73:302-307. [PMID: 30218257 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-018-0690-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the free individual phenolics and the in vitro antioxidant capacity of blackberry, acerola, yellow guava, guabiju, jambolan and jabuticaba fruits in two edible stages. Of the thirty-three phenolics investigated by liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), twenty-five were quantified and the major ones were catechin, isoquercitrin, epicatechin and gallic acid. The highest values for the total phenolic content (in dry matter) were observed for acerola (83.6 to 97.7 mg gallic acid equivalents g-1 DM) and blackberry (18.9 to 28.3 mg gallic acid equivalents g-1 DM); however, acerola, jabuticaba, and blackberry showed the highest antioxidant capacities (134.6 to 1120.4 mg Trolox equivalents g-1 for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 43.6 to 501.8 μmol Trolox equivalents g-1 for ferric reducing antioxidant power). For most fruits, the antioxidant capacity decreased during the ripening, possibly due to a decrease in the concentration of most of the phenolics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Della Betta
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil
| | - Priscila Nehring
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil
| | | | - Mayara Schulz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil
| | - Andressa Camargo Valese
- National Agricultural Laboratory (SLAV/SC/LANAGRO-RS), Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply, São José, SC, 88102-600, Brazil
| | - Heitor Daguer
- National Agricultural Laboratory (SLAV/SC/LANAGRO-RS), Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply, São José, SC, 88102-600, Brazil
| | - Luciano Valdemiro Gonzaga
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil
| | - Roseane Fett
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Oliveira Costa
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil.
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Olivero-David R, Ruiz-Roso MB, Caporaso N, Perez-Olleros L, De Las Heras N, Lahera V, Ruiz-Roso B. In vivo bioavailability of polyphenols from grape by-product extracts, and effect on lipemia of normocholesterolemic Wistar rats. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:5581-5590. [PMID: 29687897 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The direct use of phenolic extracts from grape by-products can be useful when formulating functional food to improve consumer health. The use of phenolic extracts instead of pure polyphenols as an ingredient is relevant in this context. The present study investigated the bioavailability and absorption of polyphenols from grape by-product extracts and their health effect on cholesterolemia, by adding the extract (GE) to Wistar rats diet (50 g kg-1 ) in vivo. RESULTS GE caused the appearance of (+)-catechin, myricetin and quercetic acid in plasma and liver. (+)-Catechin was the most abundant compound (6 μg mL-1 in plasma and 0.7 μg mg-1 protein in liver), whereas no phenolic compounds were detected in plasma or liver in the control group. Similarly, 3,4-hydroxyphenylacetic, a major product of polyphenol digestion, was detected in the plasma, liver and urine of the GE-group only. GE-group had significantly lower cholesterol level and lower total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein ratio in plasma. Total bile acid content significantly increased in fecal matter after 24 h administration of the GE-enriched diet. CONCLUSION Grape extract polyphenols are partially bioavailable and showed improvement in lipid metabolism. Thus, the results suggest that GE is promising as a functional ingredient in the prevention of hypercholesterolemia. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Olivero-David
- Department of Nutrition and Bromatology I (Nutrition), Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María B Ruiz-Roso
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicola Caporaso
- Division of Food Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Lourdes Perez-Olleros
- Department of Nutrition and Bromatology I (Nutrition), Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia De Las Heras
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Lahera
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Baltasar Ruiz-Roso
- Department of Nutrition and Bromatology I (Nutrition), Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Guzmán L, Balada C, Flores G, Álvarez R, Knox M, Vinet R, Martínez JL. t-Resveratrol Protects against Acute High Glucose Damage in Endothelial Cells. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 73:235-240. [PMID: 30039194 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-018-0683-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Postprandial hyperglycemia in diabetic and nondiabetic subjects is associated with endothelial dysfunction. Evidence shows that high glucose generates oxidative stress and a pro-inflammatory state promoting the development of cardiovascular diseases. trans-Resveratrol (t-RV) has been shown to reduce cardiovascular risk. To determine whether t-RV acts as a protector against acute high glucose (AHG)-induced damage, two in vitro models, rat aortic rings (RAR) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were used. RAR pretreated with AHG (25 mM D-glucose) for 3 h dramatically decreased the endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) induced by acetylcholine in phenylephrine (PE)-precontracted vessels. However, coincubation with t-RV significantly mitigated the damage induced by AHG on EDR. Pretreatment with AHG did not affect the vasodilation induced by sodium nitroprusside. HUVEC treated with t-RV decreased cytotoxicity and reduced radical oxygen species production induced by AHG. Taken together, these results suggest that t-RV can mitigate the AHG-induced EDR damage through a mechanism involving ROS scavenging and probably an increase in the bioavailability of NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leda Guzmán
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, 2373223, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Cristóbal Balada
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, 2373223, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Guillermo Flores
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Valparaíso, 2360102, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Rocío Álvarez
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Valparaíso, 2360102, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro de Investigación Farmacopea Chilena (CIFAR), 2360134, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Marcela Knox
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Valparaíso, 2360102, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Raúl Vinet
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Valparaíso, 2360102, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro de Investigación Farmacopea Chilena (CIFAR), 2360134, Valparaíso, Chile
- Regional Center for the Study in Foods and Health (CREAS), 2362696, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - José L Martínez
- Vice Presidency of Research, Development and Innovation, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Estación Central, 9160000, Santiago, Chile.
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Đorđević NO, Todorović N, Novaković IT, Pezo LL, Pejin B, Maraš V, Tešević VV, Pajović SB. Antioxidant Activity of Selected Polyphenolics in Yeast Cells: The Case Study of Montenegrin Merlot Wine. Molecules 2018; 23:E1971. [PMID: 30087228 PMCID: PMC6222681 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Screens of antioxidant activity (AA) of various natural products have been a focus of the research community worldwide. This work aimed to differentiate selected samples of Merlot wines originated from Montenegro, with regard to phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity studied by survival rate, total sulfhydryl groups and activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase and catalase in H₂O₂⁻stressed Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. In this study, DPPH assay was also performed. Higher total phenolic content leads to an enhanced AA under both conditions. The same trend was observed for catechin and gallic acid, the most abundant phenolics in the examined wine samples. Finally, the findings of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model were in a good agreement (r² = 0.978) with the experimental data. All tested samples exhibited a protective effect in H₂O₂⁻stressed yeast cells. Pre-treatment with examined wines increased survival in H₂O₂⁻stressed cells and shifted antioxidative defense towards GPx⁻mediated defense. Finally, sensitivity analysis of obtained ANN model highlights the complexity of the impact that variations in the concentrations of specific phenolic components have on the antioxidant defense system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda O Đorđević
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinča, University of Belgrade, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Nevena Todorović
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinča, University of Belgrade, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Irena T Novaković
- Centre of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Lato L Pezo
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Boris Pejin
- Department of Life Science, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research-IMSI, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Vesna Maraš
- Sector for Development, 13. Jul Plantaže, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro.
| | - Vele V Tešević
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Snežana B Pajović
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinča, University of Belgrade, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia.
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El-Elimat T, Jarwan BA, Zayed A, Alhusban A, Syouf M. Biochemical evaluation of selected grape varieties ( Vitis vinifera L.) grown in Jordan and in vitro evaluation of grape seed extract on human prostate cancer cells. FOOD BIOSCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Sheng K, Shui S, Yan L, Liu C, Zheng L. Effect of postharvest UV-B or UV-C irradiation on phenolic compounds and their transcription of phenolic biosynthetic genes of table grapes. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2018; 55:3292-3302. [PMID: 30065441 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3264-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation has been related to the extension shelf-life and maintenance of postharvest quality in fruits. However, the comparison of UV-B and UV-C treatment on the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds of grape remain unclear. This study provides a comparison on the mechanism of phenolic secondary metabolism at the same dose of 3.6 kJ m-2 UV treatment. Total phenolic compounds, total flavonoid, total flavanol, and total anthocyanin content and antioxidant activities of grapes after UV-C treatments were higher than those of the control and UV-B treatment. Among the evaluated parameters of individual phenolic compounds, the content of trans-resveratrol showed the highest percentage increase after the UV application. The transcriptions of PAL, CHS, F3H, LAR, ANS and STS were higher in grapes treated by UV-C than in those treated by UV-B. The CHS, LAR, ANS and STS genes were more induced in UV-B treatment than in control group. The same applied dose of UV-B or UV-C irradiation have different impact on gene expression and phenolic metabolites synthesis. The UV-C irradiation stimulated a higher gene expression of the phenolic compounds biosynthesis and also induced a greater accumulation of these metabolites at the same applied dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangliang Sheng
- 1School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009 China
| | - ShanShan Shui
- 1School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009 China
| | - Ling Yan
- 1School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009 China
| | - Changhong Liu
- 1School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009 China
| | - Lei Zheng
- 1School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009 China.,Research Laboratory of Agricultural Environment and Food Safety, Anhui Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System, Hefei, 230009 China
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Haseeb S, Alexander B, Santi RL, Liprandi AS, Baranchuk A. What's in wine? A clinician's perspective<sup/>. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2018; 29:97-106. [PMID: 30104174 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic beverages, specifically wine, have been consumed for many years. Wine is postulated to play an important role in the improvement of cardiovascular risk factors. Most epidemiological studies have found sustained consumption at light-to-moderate amounts to increase HDL cholesterol, reduce platelet aggregation, and promote fibrinolysis. Wine consumption has been inversely associated with ischemic heart disease, and the alcohol-blood pressure association, in most studies, follows a J-shaped curve. These outcomes have been attributed to the molecular constituents of wine, namely ethanol and polyphenols. Due to the continued interest in wine as a biological beverage, we review the chemistry of wine as clinicians, including its chemical composition, viticulture and enological practices, and other chemical factors that influence the bioactive components of wine. We also outline the biological effects of wine components and directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohaib Haseeb
- Division of Cardiology, Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bryce Alexander
- Division of Cardiology, Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ricardo Lopez Santi
- Division of Cardiology, Hospital Italiano de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Adrian Baranchuk
- Division of Cardiology, Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
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Preparation and Antioxidant Activity of Ethyl-Linked Anthocyanin-Flavanol Pigments from Model Wine Solutions. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051066. [PMID: 29751487 PMCID: PMC6100035 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanin-flavanol pigments, formed during red wine fermentation and storage by condensation reactions between anthocyanins and flavanols (monomers, oligomers, and polymers), are one of the major groups of polyphenols in aged red wine. However, knowledge of their biological activities is lacking. This is probably due to the structural diversity and complexity of these molecules, which makes the large-scale separation and isolation of the individual compounds very difficult, thus restricting their further study. In this study, anthocyanins (i.e., malvidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-glucoside, and peonidin-3-glucoside) and (–)-epicatechin were first isolated at a preparative scale by high-speed counter-current chromatography. The condensation reaction between each of the isolated anthocyanins and (–)-epicatechin, mediated by acetaldehyde, was conducted in model wine solutions to obtain ethyl-linked anthocyanin-flavanol pigments. The effects of pH, molar ratio, and temperature on the reaction rate were investigated, and the reaction conditions of pH 1.7, molar ratio 1:6:10 (anthocyanin/(–)-epicatechin/acetaldehyde), and reaction temperature of 35 °C were identified as optimal for conversion of anthocyanins to ethyl-linked anthocyanin-flavanol pigments. Six ethyl-linked anthocyanin-flavanol pigments were isolated in larger quantities and collected under optimal reaction conditions, and their chemical structures were identified by HPLC-QTOF-MS and ECD analyses. Furthermore, DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays indicate that ethyl-linked anthocyanin-flavanol pigments show stronger antioxidant activities than their precursor anthocyanins.
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Rocha-Parra D, Chirife J, Zamora C, de Pascual-Teresa S. Chemical Characterization of an Encapsulated Red Wine Powder and Its Effects on Neuronal Cells. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040842. [PMID: 29642422 PMCID: PMC6017672 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Red wine polyphenols are known for their implications for human health protection, although they suffer from high instability. For this reason, a red wine powder was prepared by freeze-drying encapsulation in maltodextrin/arabic gum matrix, and its composition was determined by means of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS-QTOF). More than thirty polyphenols, including anthocyanins, flavanols, flavonols, phenolic acids and stilbenoids, were identified. Some of the main quantified polyphenols were: malvidin-3-O-glucoside, malvidin 3-O-(6″-acetyl-glucose), petunidin-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, syringenin-3-O-glucoside, epicatechin, gallic acid and syringic acid. The biological activity of this de-alcoholized and encapsulated red wine on human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells was studied. The results showed that the encapsulated red wine powder has active redox properties, as verified by performing reactive oxygen species (ROS) analysis utilizing a neuronal model. This could help explain its action against the neurotoxicity induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Rocha-Parra
- Faculty of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina, Buenos Aires C1107AAZ, Argentina.
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina.
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jorge Chirife
- Faculty of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina, Buenos Aires C1107AAZ, Argentina.
| | - Clara Zamora
- Faculty of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina, Buenos Aires C1107AAZ, Argentina.
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina.
| | - Sonia de Pascual-Teresa
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
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71
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Garbetta A, Nicassio L, D'Antuono I, Cardinali A, Linsalata V, Attolico G, Minervini F. Influence of in vitro digestion process on polyphenolic profile of skin grape (cv. Italia) and on antioxidant activity in basal or stressed conditions of human intestinal cell line (HT-29). Food Res Int 2018; 106:878-884. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Batool Z, Tabassum S, Siddiqui RA, Haider S. Dietary Supplementation of Almond Prevents Oxidative Stress by Advocating Antioxidants and Attenuates Impaired Aversive Memory in Male Rats. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 73:7-12. [PMID: 29429075 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-018-0655-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Scopolamine, an anti-muscarinic agent, has been shown to induce amnesia and oxidative stress similar to that observed in the older age. The present study was designed to determine the relationship between the oxidative status and memory improvement in scopolamine injected rats pre-administered with almonds. Rats (n = 8) in the almond group were administered orally with 400 mg/kg almond suspension for 28 days daily before the intraperitoneal injection of scopolamine (0.5 mg/kg). Passive avoidance task (PAT) was used to assess memory function at the end of treatment. The present study revealed that scopolamine injection significantly impaired the memory function in rats pre-treated with saline which was accompanied by increased oxidative stress as evident by increased brain malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and reduced activities of antioxidant enzymes as compared to healthy controls. Pre-treatment with almond significantly ameliorated scopolamine-induced oxidative stress and memory dysfunction. These findings suggest that dietary supplementation with almonds may have a beneficial effect in reducing the risk of oxidative stress-induced memory loss and delaying or preventing the onset of age-related memory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Batool
- Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Saiqa Tabassum
- Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry, Barrett Hodgson University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rafat Ali Siddiqui
- Food Chemistry and Nutrition Science Laboratory, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA, USA
| | - Saida Haider
- Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
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73
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Quatela A, Gilmore AM, Gall KES, Sandros M, Csatorday K, Siemiarczuk A, Yang B(B, Camenen L. A-TEEMTM, a new molecular fingerprinting technique: simultaneous absorbance-transmission and fluorescence excitation-emission matrix method. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2018; 6:027002. [DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/aaa818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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74
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Jezek M, Zörb C, Merkt N, Geilfus CM. Anthocyanin Management in Fruits by Fertilization. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:753-764. [PMID: 29297687 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are water-soluble vacuolar plant pigments that are mainly synthesized in epidermal layers and the flesh of fruits such as apples, cherries, grapes, and other berries. Because of their attractive red to purple coloration and their health-promoting potential, anthocyanins are significant determinants for the quality and market value of fruits and fruit-derived products. In crops, anthocyanin accumulation in leaves can be caused by nutrient deficiency which is usually ascribed to insufficient nitrogen or phosphorus fertilization. However, it is a little-known fact that the plant's nutrient status also impacts anthocyanin synthesis in fruits. Hence, strategic nutrient supply can be a powerful tool to modify the anthocyanin content and consequently the quality and market value of important agricultural commodities. Here we summarize the current knowledge of the influence of plant nutrients on anthocyanin synthesis in fruits of major global market value and discuss the underlying cellular processes that integrate nutrient signaling with fruit anthocyanin formation. It is highlighted that fertilization that is finely tuned in amount and timing has the potential to positively influence the fruit quality by regulating anthocyanin levels. We outline new approaches to enrich plant based foods with health-promoting anthocyanins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Jezek
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Glasgow , Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Zörb
- Institute of Crop Science, Quality of Plant Products, University of Hohenheim , Emil-Wolff-Straße 25, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Merkt
- Institute of Crop Science, Quality of Plant Products, University of Hohenheim , Emil-Wolff-Straße 25, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Christoph-Martin Geilfus
- Division of Controlled Environment Horticulture, Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt-University of Berlin , Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 1, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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75
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Effects of low sulfur dioxide concentrations on bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties of Aglianico red wine. Food Chem 2017; 245:1105-1112. [PMID: 29287328 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study analyzed the effect of low sulfur dioxide concentrations on the chromatic properties, phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of Aglianico red wines with respect to wines produced from conventional winemaking. We determined the phytochemical composition by spectrophotometric methods and HPLC-DAD analysis and the in vitro antioxidant activity of different wine samples by the ORAC assay. The main important classes of fluorophore molecules in red wine were identified by Front-Face fluorescence spectroscopy, and the emission intensity trend was investigated at various sulfur dioxide concentrations. Lastly, we tested the effects of both conventional and low sulfite wines on ex vivo human erythrocytes under oxidative stimulus by the cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) assay and the hemolysis test. The addition of sulfur dioxide, which has well-known side effects, increased the content of certain bioactive components but did not raise the erythrocyte antioxidant capacity.
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76
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Luo L, Cui Y, Zhang S, Li L, Suo H, Sun B. Detailed phenolic composition of Vidal grape pomace by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1068-1069:201-209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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77
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The impact of cultivar on polyphenol and biogenic amine profiles in Calabrian red grapes during winemaking. Food Res Int 2017; 102:303-312. [PMID: 29195952 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, during winemaking, was evaluated the influence of cultivar on bioactive compounds (organic acids, d-(+)-glucose, d-(-)-fructose, biogenic amines (BAs), anthocyanins, polyphenols and flavonoids) and antioxidant activity of Calabrian (Southern Italy) autochthonous grapes (Arvino, Gaglioppo, Greco Nero, Magliocco Canino, Magliocco Dolce and Nocera). Phenolic compounds increased from grapes to wine for all varieties. Arvino grapevine showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity, while a promising inhibition of the lipid peroxidation was observed with Greco Nero grapes. BAs were mostly formed during alcoholic fermentation and Arvino always showed the lowest BAs amounts, while Magliocco Canino generally exhibited the highest. Collectively, the results demonstrated that Calabrian autochthonous grapevines were rich in sugars, organic acids and phenolic compounds thus allowing the production of high quality wines.
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78
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Aiello A, Di Bona D, Candore G, Carru C, Zinellu A, Di Miceli G, Nicosia A, Gambino CM, Ruisi P, Caruso C, Vasto S, Accardi G. Targeting Aging with Functional Food: Pasta with Opuntia Single-Arm Pilot Study. Rejuvenation Res 2017; 21:249-256. [PMID: 28851251 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2017.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Interventions to extend life span represent the new perspective in aging investigation. Healthy dietary habits are important modifiable factors that can favor a healthy aging phenotype. Many studies have demonstrated benefits for metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus resulting from the traditional Mediterranean foods. Opuntia Ficus Indica (OFI), widespread in the Mediterranean basin, belongs to the Cactaceae family. It is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, products containing extracts from OFI fruits or cladodes have been used to control obesity and other metabolic parameters, such as glycemia and lipid profile. The aim of this study was to analyze the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of pasta with 3% of OFI cladode extracts added to show its beneficial effect in human health. We performed a single arm longitudinal intervention study in 42 healthy volunteers, administrating 500 g/week of this functional pasta for 30 days. Our pasta had antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties with putative effect on the aging process and related metabolic diseases. We also demonstrated a hypoglycemic effect. The results are preliminary, but it is possible to speculate that our pasta could be considered an effective food for the prevention of age-related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Aiello
- 1 Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo , Palermo, Italy
| | - Danilo Di Bona
- 2 Department of Emergency and Organ Transplants, University of Bari Aldo Moro , Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- 1 Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo , Palermo, Italy
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- 3 Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari , Sassari, Italy
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- 3 Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari , Sassari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Miceli
- 4 Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo , Palermo, Italy
| | - Aldo Nicosia
- 5 Laboratory of Molecular Ecology and Biotechnology, National Research Council-Institute for Marine and Coastal Environment (IAMC-CNR) , Detached Unit of Capo Granitola, Trapani, Italy
| | - Caterina Maria Gambino
- 1 Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo , Palermo, Italy
| | - Paolo Ruisi
- 4 Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo , Palermo, Italy
| | - Calogero Caruso
- 1 Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo , Palermo, Italy
| | - Sonya Vasto
- 6 Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo , Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Accardi
- 1 Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo , Palermo, Italy
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79
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Han F, Ju Y, Ruan X, Zhao X, Yue X, Zhuang X, Qin M, Fang Y. Color, anthocyanin, and antioxidant characteristics of young wines produced from spine grapes ( Vitis davidii Foex) in China. Food Nutr Res 2017; 61:1339552. [PMID: 28804435 PMCID: PMC5533146 DOI: 10.1080/16546628.2017.1339552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Spine grape has gained attention in the field of wine science due to its good growth characteristics. Spine grape wine has been made by local residents for a long time. However, the scientific evaluation of spine wine has not been systemically documented compared to Vitis vinifera grape wines Methods: We compared 11 spine wines from south China (W1–W11) with 7 high-quality international wines (W12–W18). The total phenolic content, the total anothcyanin content and the antioxidant activity of these wines were analyzed and compared. Meanwhile, anthocyanin profiles of these wines were also documented. Results: Compared with other wines most of the spine wines had a strong red intensity with a blue hue. Malvidin-3,5-O-diglucoside and malvidin-3-O-(6-O-coumaroyl)-glucoside-5-glucoside appeared to be the major anthocyanins in these wines. The scavenging capacity analyses of these wines using ABTS, DPPH, and CUPRAC assays indicated that spine wines possessed high antioxidant properties, especially spine wine W3, W4, W6 and W8. Their high antioxidant properties were mainly related to the high levels of the total phenolic content and anthocyanins. Conclusion: These results suggested that spine wine might be considered a good wine source for the Chinese wine industry and provided useful information on the knowledge of spine grape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuliang Han
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yanlun Ju
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xianrui Ruan
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xianfang Zhao
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yue
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xifu Zhuang
- Quality Supervision Department, Gentleman Valley Wild Fruits World Co. Ltd., Chongyi, Jiangxi, China
| | - Minyang Qin
- Quality Supervision Department, Gentleman Valley Wild Fruits World Co. Ltd., Chongyi, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yulin Fang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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80
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Biais B, Krisa S, Cluzet S, Da Costa G, Waffo-Teguo P, Mérillon JM, Richard T. Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Activities of Grapevine Stilbenes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:4952-4960. [PMID: 28551990 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b01254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine stem extracts are viticulture byproducts rich in stilbenes that are increasingly studied for their potential biological activities. This study aimed to investigate some biological activities of a grape byproduct with high stilbenoid content and to point out the molecules responsible of these beneficial activities. As a consequence, the extract was subjected to a bioguided fractionation and separation by centrifugal partition chromatography. The obtained fractions were characterized by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. Fractions were purified further by column chromatography and resulted in the purification of the main constituents. Thirteen stilbenes have been quantified. The most abundant compounds were ε-viniferin, resveratrol, and, in lesser amounts, isohopeaphenol and ampelopsin A. The extract, fractions, and major stilbenes were tested for their antioxidant activity by oxygen radical absorbance capacity and their cyprotective effects against β-amyloid on rat pheochromocytoma cells. Among them, fraction 5 showed significant antioxidant activity and fraction 2 had a significant cytoprotective effect against β-amyloid-induced toxicity. Two putative inhibitors of β-amyloid toxicity have been identified: ampelopsin A and piceatannol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Biais
- EA 4577, Unité de Recherche Oenologie, Université Bordeaux, ISVV , F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Unité de Recherche Oenologie, INRA, USC 1366, ISVV , F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Stéphanie Krisa
- EA 4577, Unité de Recherche Oenologie, Université Bordeaux, ISVV , F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Unité de Recherche Oenologie, INRA, USC 1366, ISVV , F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Stéphanie Cluzet
- EA 4577, Unité de Recherche Oenologie, Université Bordeaux, ISVV , F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Unité de Recherche Oenologie, INRA, USC 1366, ISVV , F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Grégory Da Costa
- EA 4577, Unité de Recherche Oenologie, Université Bordeaux, ISVV , F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Unité de Recherche Oenologie, INRA, USC 1366, ISVV , F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Pierre Waffo-Teguo
- EA 4577, Unité de Recherche Oenologie, Université Bordeaux, ISVV , F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Unité de Recherche Oenologie, INRA, USC 1366, ISVV , F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Jean-Michel Mérillon
- EA 4577, Unité de Recherche Oenologie, Université Bordeaux, ISVV , F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Unité de Recherche Oenologie, INRA, USC 1366, ISVV , F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Tristan Richard
- EA 4577, Unité de Recherche Oenologie, Université Bordeaux, ISVV , F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Unité de Recherche Oenologie, INRA, USC 1366, ISVV , F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
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81
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LC-MS as a Tool to Overcome the Limitations of Self-Reported Dietary Assessments in the Determination of Wine Intake. SEPARATIONS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/separations4020017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The nutritional assessment of individuals is usually performed using highly subjective data collecting tools such as food frequency questionnaires, dietary recalls and food records. However, people are not always capable of recalling all foods (and ingredients) consumed, and in some cases, the intake of specific foods is intentionally omitted. Even though wine is considered positive for cardiovascular status, and is an essential part of Mediterranean culture, individuals may not always report its consumption accurately due to the existence of social preconceptions about alcoholic beverages. In this study, the presence of free resveratrol has been determined in human plasma from 25 Spanish volunteers using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS). This phenolic compound proved to be useful as a dietary biomarker for wine intake in a known population, and the results were compared with those obtained by self-reported dietary assessments. However, certain limitations must also be taken into account such as inter-individual variations and the type of wine consumed. The LC-MS method was validated for trans-resveratrol determination in human plasma, with an LOD (limit of detection) of 50 ng·mL−1 and an LOQ (limit of quantification) of 150 ng·mL−1, respectively.
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A Comparative Study of Phenols in Apulian Italian Wines. Foods 2017; 6:foods6040024. [PMID: 28338616 PMCID: PMC5409312 DOI: 10.3390/foods6040024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutraceutics is a growing research field in which researchers study and attempt to improve the biological properties of metabolites in food. Wine is one of the most consumed products in the world and contains a plethora of molecules biologically relevant to human health. In this article, several polyphenols with potential antioxidant activity were measured in wines from Apulia, in Southeast Italy. Hydroxytyrosol, gallic and syringic acids, luteolin, quercetin, and trans-resveratrol were identified and quantified by HPLC. The amount of the analyzed metabolites in wines were largely dependent on their color, with red ones being the richest compared to white and rose wines. Gallic acid was the most abundant polyphenol, followed by syringic acid and luteolin. Nevertheless, significant amounts of hydroxytyrosol, quercetin, and trans-resveratrol were also found. The average concentration of polyphenols found in these wines could have potential health-promoting effects, especially if consumed in moderate quantities on a regular basis.
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83
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Landeka I, Jurčević, Dora M, Guberović I, Petras M, Rimac S, Brnčić, Đikić D. Polyphenols from Wine Lees as a Novel Functional Bioactive Compound in the Protection Against Oxidative Stress and Hyperlipidaemia. Food Technol Biotechnol 2017; 55:109-116. [PMID: 28559739 PMCID: PMC5434373 DOI: 10.17113/ftb.55.01.17.4894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The study examines the potential of wine industry by-product, the lees, as a rich mixture of natural polyphenols, and its physiological potential to reduce postprandial metabolic and oxidative stress caused by a cholesterol-rich diet in in vivo model. Chemical analysis of wine lees showed that their total solid content was 94.2%. Wine lees contained total phenols, total nonflavonoids and total flavonoids expressed in mg of gallic acid equivalents per 100 g of dry mass: 2316.6±37.9, 1332.5±51.1 and 984.1±28.2, respectively. The content of total anthocyanins expressed in mg of cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalents per 100 g of dry mass was 383.1±21.6. Antioxidant capacity of wine lees determined by the DPPH and FRAP methods and expressed in mM of Trolox equivalents per 100 g was 259.8±1.8 and 45.7±1.05, respectively. The experiment lasted 60 days using C57BL/6 mice divided in four groups: group 1 was fed normal diet and used as control, group 2 was fed normal diet with added wine lees, group 3 was fed high-cholesterol diet (HCD), i.e. normal diet with the addition of sunflower oil, and group 4 was fed HCD with wine lees. HCD increased serum total cholesterol (TC) by 2.3-fold, triacylglycerol (TAG) by 1.5-fold, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) by 3.5-fold and liver malondialdehyde (MDA) by 50%, and reduced liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) by 50%, catalase (CAT) by 30% and glutathione (GSH) by 17.5% compared to control. Conversely, treatment with HCD and wine lees reduced TC and LDL up to 1.4 times more than with HCD only, with depletion of lipid peroxidation (MDA) and restoration of SOD and CAT activities in liver, approximating values of the control. HDL levels were unaffected in any group. Serum transaminase activity showed no hepatotoxic properties in the treatment with lees alone. In the proposed model, wine lees as a rich polyphenol source could be a basis for functional food products without alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Landeka
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Pierottijeva 6,
HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jurčević
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Pierottijeva 6,
HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mirna Dora
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Pierottijeva 6,
HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Iva Guberović
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Pierottijeva 6,
HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Petras
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Pierottijeva 6,
HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Suzana Rimac
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Pierottijeva 6,
HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Brnčić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Pierottijeva 6,
HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Domagoj Đikić
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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84
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Peláez-Soto A, Fernández-Espinar MT, Roig P, Gil JV. Evaluation of the Ability of Polyphenol Extracts of Cocoa and Red Grape to Promote the Antioxidant Response in Yeast Using a Rapid Multiwell Assay. J Food Sci 2017; 82:324-332. [PMID: 28103406 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been used as a model organism to study the capacity of cocoa and red grape extracts to trigger an antioxidant response. A methodology adapted to microtiter plates has been developed to monitor yeast growth after culture preincubation with food ingredients and exposure to oxidative stress by hydrogen peroxide and menadione. This methodology proved effective in measuring the ability of cocoa and red grape extracts to promote an antioxidant response in yeast, and also the prospect of conducting dose-response studies. Additionally, the method has proven useful to perform studies with mutant strains lacking genes that may be related to the mechanism of action underlying the antioxidant properties. Thus, in a single assay, it is possible to elucidate the sensitivity of strains to oxidative stress, the ability of an ingredient to promote an antioxidant response, and the possible implication of certain genes. Results of assays using strain hst3Δ showed that the antioxidant protection provided by exposure to cocoa and red grape extracts was not present in the strain lacking gene HST3 when H2 O2 and menadione were used as oxidizing agents. This effect was previously reported for cocoa extract only, with H2 O2 as stressor. Moreover, the results showed that the mutant strain hst3Δ is more resistant to menadione and H2 O2 in the absence of preincubation with cocoa and red grape extract, hinting at the possible implication of sirtuin Hst3 in the antioxidant cellular response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Peláez-Soto
- Área de Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultat de Farmàcia, Univ. de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.,Depto. de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Insto. de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Av. Agustín Escardino, 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Teresa Fernández-Espinar
- Depto. de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Insto. de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Av. Agustín Escardino, 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Patricia Roig
- Área de Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultat de Farmàcia, Univ. de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.,Depto. de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Insto. de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Av. Agustín Escardino, 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Vicente Gil
- Área de Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultat de Farmàcia, Univ. de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.,Depto. de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Insto. de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Av. Agustín Escardino, 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
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85
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Haas ICDS, Toaldo IM, de Gois JS, Borges DLG, Petkowicz CLDO, Bordignon-Luiz MT. Phytochemicals, Monosaccharides and Elemental Composition of the Non-Pomace Constituent of Organic and Conventional Grape Juices (Vitis labrusca L.): Effect of Drying on the Bioactive Content. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 71:422-428. [PMID: 27738868 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-016-0579-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Grape and grape derivatives contain a variety of antioxidants that have gain increasing interest for functional foods applications. The chemical composition of grapes is mainly related to grape variety and cultivation factors, and each grape constituent exhib its unique characteristics regarding its bioactive properties. This study investigated the chemical composition and the effect of drying on the bioactive content of the non-pomace constituent obtained in the processing of organic and conventional grape juices from V. labrusca L. The non-pomace samples were analyzed for polyphenols, monosaccharides, antioxidant activity and elemental composition and the effect of drying on the bioactive composition was evaluated in samples subjected to lyophilization and drying with air circulation. The analyses revealed high concentrations of proanthocyanidins, flavanols and anthocyanins, and high antioxidant capacity of the organic and conventional samples. The drying processes reduced significantly (P < 0.05) the total phenolic content that ranged from 13.23 to 36.36 g/kg. Glucose, xylose, and mannose were the predominant monosaccharides, whereas K, Ca and Mg were the most abundant minerals. Variations in the chemical composition of organic and conventional samples were associated with cultivation factors. Nevertheless, this non-pomace constituent is a promising source of nutrients and polyphenols with bioactive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Cristina da Silva Haas
- Department of Food Science and Food Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Admar Gonzaga Rd., 1346, 88034-001, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Isabela Maia Toaldo
- Department of Food Science and Food Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Admar Gonzaga Rd., 1346, 88034-001, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Santos de Gois
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Rio de Janeiro State University, São Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, 20550-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Des., Vitor Lima Av., 476, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Daniel L G Borges
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Des., Vitor Lima Av., 476, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
- INCT de Energia e Ambiente do CNPq, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Marilde T Bordignon-Luiz
- Department of Food Science and Food Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Admar Gonzaga Rd., 1346, 88034-001, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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86
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Samoticha J, Wojdyło A, Chmielewska J, Oszmiański J. The effects of flash release conditions on the phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of Pinot noir red wine. Eur Food Res Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-016-2817-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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87
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Castangia I, Marongiu F, Manca ML, Pompei R, Angius F, Ardu A, Fadda AM, Manconi M, Ennas G. Combination of grape extract-silver nanoparticles and liposomes: A totally green approach. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 97:62-69. [PMID: 27825918 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, silver nanoparticles were prepared using a totally green procedure combining silver nitrate and an extract of grape pomace as a green source. Additionally, nanoparticles were stabilized using phospholipid and water and/or a mixture of water and propylene glycol (PG). To the best of our knowledge, grape-silver nanoparticle stabilized liposomes or PG-liposomes were formulated, for the first time, combining the residual products of wine-made industry, silver nitrate and phospholipids, avoiding the addition of hazardous substances to human health and the environment, in an easy, scalable and reproducible method. The structure and morphology of grape-silver nanoparticle stabilized vesicles were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-vis spectroscopy and photon correlation spectroscopy. Samples were designed as possible carrier for skin protection because of their double function: the grape extract acts as antioxidant and the colloidal silver as antimicrobial agent, which might be helpful in eliminating dangerous free radicals and many pathogenic microorganisms. Obtained nanoparticles were small in size and their combination with phospholipids did not hamper the vesicle formation, which were multilamellar and sized ~100nm. TEM images shows a heterogeneous distribution of nanoparticles, which were located both in the intervesicular medium and in the vesicular structure. Further, grape-silver nanoparticles, when stabilized by liposomes, were able to inhibit the proliferation of both Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and provided a great protection of keratinocytes and fibroblasts against oxidative stress avoiding their damage and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Castangia
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesca Marongiu
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Manca
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Raffaello Pompei
- Dipartimento Scienze Biomediche, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Angius
- Dipartimento Scienze Biomediche, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Ardu
- Dipartimento Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università di Cagliari e Unità di Ricerca INSTM di Cagliari - Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042, Monserrato, (CA), Italy; Consorzio AUSI, Palazzo Bellavista Monteponi, Iglesias, Carbonia-Iglesias, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Fadda
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Manconi
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Guido Ennas
- Dipartimento Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università di Cagliari e Unità di Ricerca INSTM di Cagliari - Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042, Monserrato, (CA), Italy
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88
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Calabriso N, Massaro M, Scoditti E, Pellegrino M, Ingrosso I, Giovinazzo G, Carluccio MA. Red Grape Skin Polyphenols Blunt Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and -9 Activity and Expression in Cell Models of Vascular Inflammation: Protective Role in Degenerative and Inflammatory Diseases. Molecules 2016; 21:E1147. [PMID: 27589705 PMCID: PMC6274050 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21091147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are endopeptidases responsible for the hydrolysis of various components of extracellular matrix. MMPs, namely gelatinases MMP-2 and MMP-9, contribute to the progression of chronic and degenerative diseases. Since gelatinases' activity and expression are regulated by oxidative stress, we sought to evaluate whether supplementation with polyphenol-rich red grape skin extracts modulated the matrix-degrading capacity in cell models of vascular inflammation. Human endothelial and monocytic cells were incubated with increasing concentrations (0.5-25 μg/mL) of Negroamaro and Primitivo red grape skin polyphenolic extracts (NSPE and PSPE, respectively) or their specific components (0.5-25 μmol/L), before stimulation with inflammatory challenge. NSPE and PSPE inhibited, in a concentration-dependent manner, endothelial invasion as well as the MMP-9 and MMP-2 release in stimulated endothelial cells, and MMP-9 production in inflamed monocytes, without affecting tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 and TIMP-2. The matrix degrading inhibitory capacity was the same for both NSPE and PSPE, despite their different polyphenolic profiles. Among the main polyphenols of grape skin extracts, trans-resveratrol, trans-piceid, kaempferol and quercetin exhibited the most significant inhibitory effects on matrix-degrading enzyme activities. Our findings appreciate the grape skins as rich source of polyphenols able to prevent the dysregulation of vascular remodelling affecting degenerative and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Calabriso
- National Research Council-Institute of Clinical Physiology (CNR-IFC), Laboratory of Nutrigenomic and Vascular Biology, Lecce 73100, Italy.
| | - Marika Massaro
- National Research Council-Institute of Clinical Physiology (CNR-IFC), Laboratory of Nutrigenomic and Vascular Biology, Lecce 73100, Italy.
| | - Egeria Scoditti
- National Research Council-Institute of Clinical Physiology (CNR-IFC), Laboratory of Nutrigenomic and Vascular Biology, Lecce 73100, Italy.
| | - Mariangela Pellegrino
- National Research Council-Institute of Clinical Physiology (CNR-IFC), Laboratory of Nutrigenomic and Vascular Biology, Lecce 73100, Italy.
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, Lecce 73100, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Ingrosso
- National Research Council-Institute of Science of Food Production, Lecce 73100, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Giovinazzo
- National Research Council-Institute of Science of Food Production, Lecce 73100, Italy.
| | - Maria Annunziata Carluccio
- National Research Council-Institute of Clinical Physiology (CNR-IFC), Laboratory of Nutrigenomic and Vascular Biology, Lecce 73100, Italy.
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89
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Caruana M, Cauchi R, Vassallo N. Putative Role of Red Wine Polyphenols against Brain Pathology in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease. Front Nutr 2016; 3:31. [PMID: 27570766 PMCID: PMC4981604 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2016.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most common age-related neurodegenerative disorders and hence pose remarkable socio-economical burdens to both families and state. Although AD and PD have different clinical and neuropathological features, they share common molecular mechanisms that appear to be triggered by multi-factorial events, such as protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress (OS), and neuroinflammation, ultimately leading to neuronal cell death. Currently, there are no established and validated disease-modifying strategies for either AD or PD. Among the various lifestyle factors that may prevent or slow age-related neurodegenerative diseases, epidemiological studies on moderate consumption of red wine, especially as part of a holistic Mediterranean diet, have attracted increasing interest. Red wine is particularly rich in specific polyphenolic compounds that appear to affect the biological processes of AD and PD, such as quercetin, myricetin, catechins, tannins, anthocyanidins, resveratrol, and ferulic acid. Indeed, there is now a consistent body of in vitro and in vivo data on the neuroprotective effects of red wine polyphenols (RWP) showing that they do not merely possess antioxidant properties, but may additionally act upon, in a multi-target manner, the underlying key mechanisms featuring in both AD and PD. Furthermore, it is important that bioavailability issues are addressed in order for neuroprotection to be relevant in a clinical study scenario. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the major classes of RWP and places into perspective their potential to be considered as nutraceuticals to target neuropathology in AD and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Caruana
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta , Msida , Malta
| | - Ruben Cauchi
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, Malta; Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Neville Vassallo
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, Malta; Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
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90
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Giordano ME, Ingrosso I, Schettino T, Caricato R, Giovinazzo G, Lionetto MG. Intracellular Antioxidant Activity of Grape Skin Polyphenolic Extracts in Rat Superficial Colonocytes: In situ Detection by Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy. Front Physiol 2016; 7:177. [PMID: 27303304 PMCID: PMC4882411 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon is exposed to a number of prooxidant conditions and several colon diseases are associated with increased levels of reactive species. Polyphenols are the most abundant antioxidants in the diet, but to date no information is available about their absorption and potential intracellular antioxidant activity on colon epithelial cells. The work was addressed to study the intracellular antioxidant activity of red grape polyphenolic extracts on rat colon epithelium experimentally exposed to prooxidant conditions. The experimental model chosen was represented by freshly isolated colon explants, which closely resemble the functional, and morphological characteristics of the epithelium in vivo. The study was carried out by in situ confocal microscopy observation on CM-H2DCFDA charged explants exposed to H2O2 (5, 10, and 15 min). The qualitative and quantitative polyphenolic composition of the extracts as well as their in vitro oxygen radical absorbing capacity (ORAC) was determined. The incubation of the explants with the polyphenolic extracts for 1 h produced a significant decrease of the H2O2 induced fluorescence. This effect was more pronounced following 15 min H2O2 exposure with respect to 5 min and it was also more evident for extracts obtained from mature grapes, which showed an increased ORAC value and qualitative peculiarities in the polyphenolic composition. The results demonstrated the ability of red grape polyphenols to cross the plasma membrane and exert a direct intracellular antioxidant activity in surface colonocytes, inducing a protection against pro-oxidant conditions. The changes in the polyphenol composition due to ripening process was reflected in a more effective antioxidant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Elena Giordano
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento Lecce, Italy
| | - Ilaria Ingrosso
- Institute of Science of Food Production, Unit of Lecce, National Research Council of Italy Lecce, Italy
| | - Trifone Schettino
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento Lecce, Italy
| | - Roberto Caricato
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento Lecce, Italy
| | - Giovanna Giovinazzo
- Institute of Science of Food Production, Unit of Lecce, National Research Council of Italy Lecce, Italy
| | - M Giulia Lionetto
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento Lecce, Italy
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91
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Effect of Winemaking on the Composition of Red Wine as a Source of Polyphenols for Anti-Infective Biomaterials. MATERIALS 2016; 9:ma9050316. [PMID: 28773444 PMCID: PMC5503068 DOI: 10.3390/ma9050316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials releasing bactericides have currently become tools for thwarting medical device-associated infections. The ideal anti-infective biomaterial must counteract infection while safeguarding eukaryotic cell integrity. Red wine is a widely consumed beverage to which many biological properties are ascribed, including protective effects against oral infections and related bone (osteoarthritis, osteomyelitis, periprosthetic joint infections) and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, fifteen red wine samples derived from grapes native to the Oltrepò Pavese region (Italy), obtained from the winemaking processes of “Bonarda dell’Oltrepò Pavese” red wine, were analyzed alongside three samples obtained from marc pressing. Total polyphenol and monomeric anthocyanin contents were determined and metabolite profiling was conducted by means of a chromatographic analysis. Antibacterial activity of wine samples was evaluated against Streptococcus mutans, responsible for dental caries, Streptococcus salivarius, and Streptococcus pyogenes, two oral bacterial pathogens. Results highlighted the winemaking stages in which samples exhibit the highest content of polyphenols and the greatest antibacterial activity. Considering the global need for new weapons against bacterial infections and alternatives to conventional antibiotics, as well as the favorable bioactivities of polyphenols, results point to red wine as a source of antibacterial substances for developing new anti-infective biomaterials and coatings for biomedical devices.
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92
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Zortea K, Franco VC, Guimarães P, Belmonte-de-Abreu PS. Resveratrol Supplementation Did Not Improve Cognition in Patients with Schizophrenia: Results from a Randomized Clinical Trial. Front Psychiatry 2016; 7:159. [PMID: 27695423 PMCID: PMC5025441 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia (SZ) is associated with psychotic experiences and cognitive deficits. Therefore, cognitive function is one of the most critical determinants of quality of life in this pathology. Resveratrol has been related to neuroprotective action, but there are no studies evaluating resveratrol in SZ. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of resveratrol supplementation on cognition in individuals with SZ. METHODS This is a 1-month randomized, double-blind, and controlled trial (NCT 02062190), in which 19 men with diagnosis of SZ, aged 18-65 years, were assigned to a resveratrol supplementation group (200 mg) or placebo group (200 mg), with a 1-month follow-up. Applying a series of cognitive tests assessed neuropsychology performance (Hopkins Verbal Learning Test, Stroop Color and Word Test, and Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale) and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale assessed psychopathology severity. RESULTS There were no significant improvement in neuropsychology performance (episodic memory, working memory, attention and concentration capacity, inhibitory control, interference measures, selective attention, and mental flexibility) and psychopathology severity after 1 month of resveratrol supplementation (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION In conclusion, we have shown that 1 month of a resveratrol supplementation (200 mg/day) did not improve episodic memory, working memory, attention and concentration capacity, inhibitory control, interference measures, selective attention, and mental flexibility as compared with placebo in patients with SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Zortea
- Schizophrenia Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Medicine, Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Viviane C Franco
- Schizophrenia Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Medicine, Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Paula Guimarães
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine, Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil
| | - Paulo S Belmonte-de-Abreu
- Schizophrenia Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Medicine, Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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