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Chen Z, Jiang J, Shu L, Li X, Huang J, Qian B, Wang X, Li X, Chen J, Xu H. Combined transcriptomic and metabolic analyses reveal potential mechanism for fruit development and quality control of Chinese raspberry (Rubus chingii Hu). Plant Cell Rep 2021; 40:1923-1946. [PMID: 34333679 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02758-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Combined transcriptomic and metabolic analyses reveal that fruit of Rubus chingii Hu launches biosynthesis of phenolic acids and flavonols at beginning of fruit set and then coordinately accumulated or converted to their derivatives. Rubus chingii Hu (Chinese raspberry) is an important dual functional food with nutraceutical and pharmaceutical values. Comprehensively understanding the mechanisms of fruit development and bioactive components synthesis and regulation could accelerate genetic analysis and molecular breeding for the unique species. Combined transcriptomic and metabolic analyses of R. chingii fruits from different developmental stages, including big green, green-to-yellow, yellow-to-orange, and red stages, were conducted. A total of 89,188 unigenes were generated and 57,545 unigenes (64.52%) were annotated. Differential expression genes (DEGs) and differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were mainly involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. The fruit launched the biosynthesis of phenolic acids and flavonols at the very beginning of fruit set and then coordinately accumulated or converted to their derivatives. This was tightly regulated by expressions of the related genes and MYB and bHLH transcription factors. The core genes products participated in the biosynthesis of ellagic acid (EA) and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (K-3-R), such as DAHPS, DQD/SDH, PAL, 4CL, CHS, CHI, F3H, F3'H, FLS, and UGT78D2, and their corresponding metabolites were elaborately characterized. Our research reveals the molecular and chemical mechanisms of the fruit development of R. chingii. The results provide a solid foundation for the genetic analysis, functional genes isolation, fruit quality improvement and modifiable breeding of R. chingii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, 1139 Civic Road, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingyong Jiang
- Institute of Horticulture, Taizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linhai, 317000, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangzuo Shu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, 1139 Civic Road, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobai Li
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, 1139 Civic Road, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoying Qian
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, 1139 Civic Road, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, 1139 Civic Road, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, 1139 Civic Road, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangxia Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, 1139 Civic Road, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Haidan Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, People's Republic of China
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Li X, Wang Y, Jin L, Chen Z, Jiang J, Jackson A. Development of fruit color in Rubus chingii Hu (Chinese raspberry): A story about novel offshoots of anthocyanin and carotenoid biosynthesis. Plant Sci 2021; 311:110996. [PMID: 34482908 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rubus chingii, is widely distributed in many Asian countries and well known for its medicinal and dietary properties. Diversity of fruit color in raspberry has been attributed to the presence of either anthocyanins or carotenoids. In this study, we investigated anthocyanins and carotenoids, and their biosynthesis by LC-MS/MS. Six anthocyanins mainly consisted of flavanol-anthocyanins while five carotenoids mainly consisted of β-citraurin esters. Flavanol-anthocyanins were produced from an offshoot of the anthocyanin biosynthesis, which started with biosynthesis of flavanols and anthocyanidin by leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR)/anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) and anthocyanidin synthase (ANS/LDOX) respectively. β-citraurin esters were produced from cleavage of zeaxanthin and esterification by organic acid, which was an offshoot of the carotenoid biosynthesis. The offshoot started with biosynthesis of zeaxanthin and β-citraurin by carotene β-hydroxylase (CHYB/LUT5) and carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase (CCD) respectively. During fruit ripening, biosynthesis of flavanols and anthocyanins was down-regulated by genes/proteins involved in phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis, while biosynthesis of β-citraurin esters was up-regulated by imbalanced expression of genes/proteins involved in β,β-ring and β, ε-ring hydroxylation. Thus, β-citraurin esters, instead of anthocyanins imparted reddish color to the ripe fruit. These pigments and their biosynthesis in R. chingii are totally different from what occurs in other raspberry species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobai Li
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| | - Yin Wang
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Liang Jin
- Zhejiang Institute of Landscape Plants and Flowers, Hangzhou, 311251, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Jingyong Jiang
- Taizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linhai, 317000, China
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Martin-Rivilla H, Garcia-Villaraco A, Ramos-Solano B, Gutierrez-Manero FJ, Lucas JA. Metabolic elicitors of Pseudomonas fluorescens N 21.4 elicit flavonoid metabolism in blackberry fruit. J Sci Food Agric 2021; 101:205-214. [PMID: 32623714 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The beneficial rhizobacterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens N 21.4, and its metabolic elicitors were inoculated in commercial cultivars of blackberry plants (Rubus cv. Loch Ness). Phenolic compounds present in red and black fruit and the expression of structural marker genes of the phenylpropanoid pathway during fruit ripening were studied. RESULTS An inverse relationship between gene expression and accumulation of metabolites was seen, except for the RuDFR gene, which had a direct correlation with cyanidin 3-O-glucoside synthesis, increasing its content 1.3 times when RuDFR was overexpressed in the red fruit of plants inoculated with the metabolic elicitors of P. fluorescens N 21.4, compared with red fruit of plants inoculated with N 21.4. The RuCHS gene also had a fundamental role in the accumulation of metabolites. Both rhizobacterium and metabolic elicitors triggered the flavonoid metabolism, enhancing the catechin and epicatechin content between 1.1 and 1.6 times in the case of red fruit and between 1.1 and 1.8 times in the case of black fruit. Both treatments also boosted the anthocyanin, quercetin, and kaempferol derivative content, highlighting the effects of metabolic elicitors in red fruit and the effects of live rhizobacterium in black fruit. CONCLUSION The metabolic elicitors' capacity to modulate gene expression and to increase secondary metabolites content was demonstrated. This work therefore suggests that they are effective, affordable, easily manageable, and ecofriendly plant inoculants that complement, or are alternatives to, beneficial rhizobacteria. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Martin-Rivilla
- Plant Physiology, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Ana Garcia-Villaraco
- Plant Physiology, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Beatriz Ramos-Solano
- Plant Physiology, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Francisco J Gutierrez-Manero
- Plant Physiology, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
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Thole V, Bassard JE, Ramírez-González R, Trick M, Ghasemi Afshar B, Breitel D, Hill L, Foito A, Shepherd L, Freitag S, Nunes dos Santos C, Menezes R, Bañados P, Naesby M, Wang L, Sorokin A, Tikhonova O, Shelenga T, Stewart D, Vain P, Martin C. RNA-seq, de novo transcriptome assembly and flavonoid gene analysis in 13 wild and cultivated berry fruit species with high content of phenolics. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:995. [PMID: 31856735 PMCID: PMC6924045 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6183-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavonoids are produced in all flowering plants in a wide range of tissues including in berry fruits. These compounds are of considerable interest for their biological activities, health benefits and potential pharmacological applications. However, transcriptomic and genomic resources for wild and cultivated berry fruit species are often limited, despite their value in underpinning the in-depth study of metabolic pathways, fruit ripening as well as in the identification of genotypes rich in bioactive compounds. RESULTS To access the genetic diversity of wild and cultivated berry fruit species that accumulate high levels of phenolic compounds in their fleshy berry(-like) fruits, we selected 13 species from Europe, South America and Asia representing eight genera, seven families and seven orders within three clades of the kingdom Plantae. RNA from either ripe fruits (ten species) or three ripening stages (two species) as well as leaf RNA (one species) were used to construct, assemble and analyse de novo transcriptomes. The transcriptome sequences are deposited in the BacHBerryGEN database (http://jicbio.nbi.ac.uk/berries) and were used, as a proof of concept, via its BLAST portal (http://jicbio.nbi.ac.uk/berries/blast.html) to identify candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid compounds. Genes encoding regulatory proteins of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway (MYB and basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors and WD40 repeat proteins) were isolated using the transcriptomic resources of wild blackberry (Rubus genevieri) and cultivated red raspberry (Rubus idaeus cv. Prestige) and were shown to activate anthocyanin synthesis in Nicotiana benthamiana. Expression patterns of candidate flavonoid gene transcripts were also studied across three fruit developmental stages via the BacHBerryEXP gene expression browser (http://www.bachberryexp.com) in R. genevieri and R. idaeus cv. Prestige. CONCLUSIONS We report a transcriptome resource that includes data for a wide range of berry(-like) fruit species that has been developed for gene identification and functional analysis to assist in berry fruit improvement. These resources will enable investigations of metabolic processes in berries beyond the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway analysed in this study. The RNA-seq data will be useful for studies of berry fruit development and to select wild plant species useful for plant breeding purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Thole
- Department of Metabolic Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH UK
| | - Jean-Etienne Bassard
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Present address: Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, 12 Rue General Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Martin Trick
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH UK
| | - Bijan Ghasemi Afshar
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH UK
| | - Dario Breitel
- Department of Metabolic Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH UK
- Present address: Tropic Biosciences UK LTD, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UG UK
| | - Lionel Hill
- Department of Metabolic Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH UK
| | | | | | - Sabine Freitag
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA UK
| | - Cláudia Nunes dos Santos
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Av. República, Qta. do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Rua Câmara Pestana 6, 1150-082 Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Regina Menezes
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Av. República, Qta. do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Rua Câmara Pestana 6, 1150-082 Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Pilar Bañados
- Facultad De Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna Ote, 4860 Macul, Chile
| | | | - Liangsheng Wang
- Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093 China
| | - Artem Sorokin
- Fruit Crops Genetic Resources Department, N. I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry, B. Morskaya Street 42-44, St. Petersburg, 190000 Russia
| | - Olga Tikhonova
- Fruit Crops Genetic Resources Department, N. I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry, B. Morskaya Street 42-44, St. Petersburg, 190000 Russia
| | - Tatiana Shelenga
- Fruit Crops Genetic Resources Department, N. I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry, B. Morskaya Street 42-44, St. Petersburg, 190000 Russia
| | - Derek Stewart
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA UK
- Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Philippe Vain
- Department of Metabolic Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH UK
| | - Cathie Martin
- Department of Metabolic Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH UK
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Wang Y, Liang J, Luan G, Zhang S, Zhuoma Y, Xie J, Zhou W. Quantitative Analyses of Nine Phenolic Compounds and Their Antioxidant Activities from Thirty-Seven Varieties of Raspberry Grown in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Region. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24213932. [PMID: 31683568 PMCID: PMC6864844 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, an efficient method for the rapid extraction and separation of antioxidant phenols was developed and optimized. The method was then applied to extract and separate nine phenols from 37 varieties of raspberry, in which their antioxidant activities were further investigated. First, the extraction was conducted using ultra-sonication, which was then further separated using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography/ultraviolet (RP-HPLC/UV) analysis. In this step, several key parameters (volume of the extraction reagent, time of extraction, and the temperature of extraction) affecting its efficiency were investigated and optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM) combined with the Box–Behnken design (BBD) so that the optimal conditions were obtained. According to the overall results of the optimization study, the optimal conditions were chosen as follows: volume of extraction reagent = 2.0 mL, time of extraction = 50.0 min, and temperature of extraction = 50 °C. The optimal conditions were then applied to extract nine phenols, including gallic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, cumaric acid, ferulic acid, rosemary acid, and quercetin from 37 raspberry varieties. The extracted phenols were characterized and their antioxidant activities, including DPPH− and ABTS− free radical scavenging and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity, using HepG2 cells as the model, were subsequently studied. The findings suggested that although their contents varied among most raspberry varieties, these phenols significantly contributed toward their antioxidant capacity and scavenging intracellular ROS activities. This study provides a scientific and theoretical basis for the selection of raspberry varieties and product development in Qinghai province.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
| | - Jian Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
| | - Guangxiang Luan
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810016, China.
| | - Shoude Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
| | - Yixi Zhuoma
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
| | - Jiuxiang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
| | - Wu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
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Yang J, Pak JH, Maki M, Kim SC. Multiple origins and the population genetic structure of Rubus takesimensis (Rosaceae) on Ulleung Island: Implications for the genetic consequences of anagenetic speciation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222707. [PMID: 31536553 PMCID: PMC6752786 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the origin and genetic consequences of anagenesis in Rubus takesimensis on Ulleung Island, Korea, we compared the genetic diversity and population structure of R. takesimensis with those of its continental progenitor R. crataegifolius. We broadly sampled a total of 315 accessions in 35 populations and sequenced five noncoding regions of chloroplast DNA. Rubus takesimensis emerged as nonmonophyletic and several geographically diverse continental populations were likely responsible for the origin of R. takesimensis; the majority of R. takesimensis accessions were sisters to the clade containing accessions of R. crataegifolius, primarily from the Korean peninsula, while rare accessions from three populations shared common ancestors with the ones from the southern part of the Korean peninsula, Jeju Island, and Japan. A few accessions from the Chusan population originated independently from the Korean peninsula. Of 129 haplotypes, 81 and 48 were found exclusively in R. crataegifolius and R. takesimensis, respectively. We found unusually high genetic diversity in two regions on Ulleung Island and no geographic population structure. For R. crataegifolius, two major haplotype groups were found; one for the northern mainland Korean peninsula, and the other for the southern Korean peninsula and the Japanese archipelago. Compared with populations of R. crataegifolius sampled from Japan, much higher haplotype diversity was found in populations from the Korean peninsula. The patterns of genetic consequences in R. takesimensis need to be verified for other endemic species based on chloroplast DNA and independent nuclear markers to synthesize emerging patterns of anagenetic speciation on Ulleung Island.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiYoung Yang
- Department of Biology, Research Institute for Dok-do and Ulleung-do Island, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Pak
- Department of Biology, Research Institute for Dok-do and Ulleung-do Island, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea
- * E-mail: (SCK); (JHP)
| | - Masayuki Maki
- Botanical Gardens, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Seung-Chul Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
- * E-mail: (SCK); (JHP)
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Klick J, Rodriguez-Saona CR, Cumplido JH, Holdcraft RJ, Urrutia WH, da Silva RO, Borges R, Mafra-Neto A, Seagraves MP. Testing a Novel Attract-and-Kill Strategy for Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Management. J Insect Sci 2019; 19:5280860. [PMID: 30624704 PMCID: PMC6324652 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iey132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The invasion of the spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, across the Americas and Europe has led to increased insecticide applications to protect fruit crops. This insecticide usage conflicts with integrated pest management programs, as well as harvest, export, and pollination services in the affected crops. A novel management tool was assessed against D. suzukii that may mitigate these conflicts. HOOK SWD, an attract-and-kill (A&K) formulation applied as a sprayable bait, was evaluated for three growing seasons in two berry crops in New Jersey and California. In blueberry crops treated with HOOK SWD, fruit infestations by D. suzukii were 2-8 times lower than in untreated crops. In trials in commercial raspberry fields, weekly or biweekly HOOK SWD applications combined with a single grower standard D. suzukii-targeted cover spray resulted in nearly 2-5 times fewer fruit infestations compared to the grower standard cover spray alone. Assays of the residual activity of HOOK SWD resulted in more than 78-93% adult D. suzukii mortality when exposed to raspberry leaves after the formulation had aged for 35 d in the field under plastic hoop houses. These results suggest that this A&K strategy can be integrated in D. suzukii management programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Klick
- Driscoll’s, Inc., Oxnard, CA
- Corresponding author, e-mail:
| | | | - Johnattan Hernández Cumplido
- P.E. Marucci Center, Rutgers University, Chatsworth
- Current affiliation: Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ave. Universidad, México City, Mexico
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Betta FD, Nehring P, Seraglio SKT, Schulz M, Valese AC, Daguer H, Gonzaga LV, Fett R, Costa ACO. Phenolic Compounds Determined by LC-MS/MS and In Vitro Antioxidant Capacity of Brazilian Fruits in Two Edible Ripening Stages. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2018; 73:302-307. [PMID: 30218257 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-018-0690-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the free individual phenolics and the in vitro antioxidant capacity of blackberry, acerola, yellow guava, guabiju, jambolan and jabuticaba fruits in two edible stages. Of the thirty-three phenolics investigated by liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), twenty-five were quantified and the major ones were catechin, isoquercitrin, epicatechin and gallic acid. The highest values for the total phenolic content (in dry matter) were observed for acerola (83.6 to 97.7 mg gallic acid equivalents g-1 DM) and blackberry (18.9 to 28.3 mg gallic acid equivalents g-1 DM); however, acerola, jabuticaba, and blackberry showed the highest antioxidant capacities (134.6 to 1120.4 mg Trolox equivalents g-1 for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 43.6 to 501.8 μmol Trolox equivalents g-1 for ferric reducing antioxidant power). For most fruits, the antioxidant capacity decreased during the ripening, possibly due to a decrease in the concentration of most of the phenolics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Della Betta
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil
| | - Priscila Nehring
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil
| | | | - Mayara Schulz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil
| | - Andressa Camargo Valese
- National Agricultural Laboratory (SLAV/SC/LANAGRO-RS), Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply, São José, SC, 88102-600, Brazil
| | - Heitor Daguer
- National Agricultural Laboratory (SLAV/SC/LANAGRO-RS), Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply, São José, SC, 88102-600, Brazil
| | - Luciano Valdemiro Gonzaga
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil
| | - Roseane Fett
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Oliveira Costa
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil.
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Pinto T, Vilela A, Pinto A, Nunes FM, Cosme F, Anjos R. Influence of cultivar and of conventional and organic agricultural practices on phenolic and sensory profile of blackberries (Rubus fruticosus). J Sci Food Agric 2018; 98:4616-4624. [PMID: 29508396 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumer demand for organic products is increasing because of their claimed health benefits. Blackberries are a rich source of polyphenols, with high antioxidant activity; nevertheless, the impact of organic versus conventional agricultural practices on its phytochemical composition is unknown. 'Loch Ness' and 'Chester Thornless' were selected as blackberry cultivars for this study because of their desired sensory and technological properties, which make them more suitable for export. RESULTS 'Loch Ness' variety presented a higher amounts of polyphenols and higher antioxidant activity when compared to the 'Chester Thornless' variety. The impact of agricultural practices on the phytochemical composition of the two varieties was contradictory. Under organic agricultural practices, levels of polyphenols increased for 'Loch Ness' and decreased for 'Chester Thornless', whereas the soluble solids content increased in both varieties. These changes in composition were correlated with changes observed in the blackberries' sensory profile. CONCLUSION The effect of agricultural practices on the blackberries' chemical and sensory profile was dependent on the variety and cannot be generalized. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Pinto
- Biology and Environment Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Alice Vilela
- CQ-VR, Chemistry Research Centre - Vila Real, Food and Wine Chemistry Lab, Biology and Environment Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Andreia Pinto
- Biology and Environment Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Fernando M Nunes
- CQ-VR, Chemistry Research Centre - Vila Real, Food and Wine Chemistry Lab, Chemistry Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Cosme
- CQ-VR, Chemistry Research Centre - Vila Real, Food and Wine Chemistry Lab, Biology and Environment Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Rosário Anjos
- Biology and Environment Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Vila Real, Portugal
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10
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Hackett CA, Milne L, Smith K, Hedley P, Morris J, Simpson CG, Preedy K, Graham J. Enhancement of Glen Moy x Latham raspberry linkage map using GbS to further understand control of developmental processes leading to fruit ripening. BMC Genet 2018; 19:59. [PMID: 30111279 PMCID: PMC6094467 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-018-0666-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The changing climate is altering timing of key fruit ripening processes and increasing the occurrence of fruit defects. To improve our understanding of the genetic control of raspberry fruit development an enhanced genetic linkage map was developed and used to examine ripening phenotypic data. RESULTS In this study we developed an enhanced genetic linkage map for the raspberry cvs. Glen Moy x Latham reference mapping population using genotyping by sequencing (GbS). Alignment to a newly sequenced draft reference genome of red raspberry, cultivar (cv.) Glen Moy, identified 8019 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). After stringent filtering to take account of read coverage over all the progeny individuals, association with a single chromosome, heterozygosity and marker regression mapping, 2348 high confidence SNPs were retained and integrated with an existing raspberry genetic map. The linkage map contained many more SNPs segregating in Latham than in Glen Moy. This caused difficulties in quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping with standard software and a novel analysis based on a hidden Markov model was used to improve the mapping. QTL mapping using the newly generated dense genetic map not only corroborated previously identified genetic locations but also provided additional genetic elements controlling fruit ripening in raspberry. CONCLUSION The high-density GbS map located the QTL peaks more precisely than in earlier studies, aligned the QTLs with Glen Moy genome scaffolds, narrowed the range of potential candidate genes to these regions that can be utilised in other populations or in gene expression studies to confirm their role and increased the repertoire of markers available to understand the genetic control of fruit ripening traits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda Milne
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD25DA Scotland
| | - Kay Smith
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD25DA Scotland
| | - Pete Hedley
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD25DA Scotland
| | - Jenny Morris
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD25DA Scotland
| | - Craig G. Simpson
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD25DA Scotland
| | - Katharine Preedy
- Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD25DA Scotland
| | - Julie Graham
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD25DA Scotland
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11
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Jaffe BD, Avanesyan A, Bal HK, Feng Y, Grant J, Grieshop MJ, Lee JC, Liburd OE, Rhodes E, Rodriguez-Saona C, Sial AA, Zhang A, Guédot C. Multistate Comparison of Attractants and the Impact of Fruit Development Stage on Trapping Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Raspberry and Blueberry. Environ Entomol 2018; 47:935-945. [PMID: 29668869 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvy052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is an invasive pest of soft-skinned fruits across the globe. Effective monitoring is necessary to manage this pest, but suitable attractants are still being identified. In this study, we combined lures with fermenting liquid baits to improve D. suzukii trapping specificity and attractiveness. We also measured the efficiency and specificity of baits/lures during different times of the season; the reproductive status of females among baits/lures; and the effects of locations and crop type on these response variables. We developed a metric that combined mating status and fat content to determine differences in types of females attracted. Lures utilizing yeast and sugar-based volatiles trapped the most D. suzukii. The addition of a commercial lure to yeast and sugar-based lures increased catches in most locations, but was also the least specific to D. suzukii. Apple juice-based chemical lures tended to be most specific to D. suzukii, while lures comprised of a singular attractant tended to trap more D. suzukii with a higher reproductive potential than combinations of attractants. Trap catch and lure specificity was lower during fruit development than fruit ripening. While catch amounts varied by geographic location and crop type, attractants performed similarly relative to each other in each location and crop. Based on the metrics in this study, the yeast and sugar-based attractants were the most effective lures. However, further work is needed to improve early season monitoring, elucidate the effects of physiological status on bait attraction, and understand how abiotic factors influence bait attraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D Jaffe
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, Linden Drive, Madison, WI
| | - Alina Avanesyan
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, Linden Drive, Madison, WI
| | - Harit K Bal
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, Center for Integrated Plant Systems, East Lansing, MI
| | - Yan Feng
- USDA, ARS, Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, BARC-West, Beltsville, MD
| | - Joshua Grant
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Matthew J Grieshop
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, Center for Integrated Plant Systems, East Lansing, MI
| | - Jana C Lee
- USDA-ARS, Horticultural Crops Research Unit, Corvallis, OR
| | - Oscar E Liburd
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL
| | - Elena Rhodes
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL
| | | | - Ashfaq A Sial
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Aijun Zhang
- USDA, ARS, Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, BARC-West, Beltsville, MD
| | - Christelle Guédot
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, Linden Drive, Madison, WI
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12
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Chaves VC, Boff L, Vizzotto M, Calvete E, Reginatto FH, Simões CM. Berries grown in Brazil: anthocyanin profiles and biological properties. J Sci Food Agric 2018; 98:4331-4338. [PMID: 29430645 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytochemical profiles of two Brazilian native fruits - pitanga (red and purple) and araçá (yellow and red) - as well as strawberry cultivars Albion, Aromas and Camarosa, blackberry cultivar Tupy and blueberry cultivar Bluegen cultivated in Brazil were characterized for total phenolic content and total anthocyanin content by liquid chromatography coupled to a photodiode array and a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Radical scavenging, antiherpes and cytotoxic activities of these berry extracts were also evaluated. RESULTS Blueberry presented the highest total anthocyanin content (1202 mg cyanidin-O-glucoside equivalents kg-1 fresh fruit), while strawberry cultivar Aromas presented the highest total phenolic content (13 550 mg gallic acid equivalents kg-1 fresh fruit). Liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis resulted in the identification of 21 anthocyanins. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of cyanidin-O-glucoside in yellow and red Araçá fruit and the first time eight anthocyanins have been reported in pitanga fruits. DPPH and ABTS assays showed that blueberry cultivar Bluegen, blackberry cultivar Tupy and pitanga (red and purple) showed the most promising antiradical activities, respectively. No relevant cytotoxicity against three cancer cell lines or antiherpes activity was detected under the experimental conditions tested. CONCLUSION Total anthocyanin content of all fruits had a strong positive correlation with their free radical scavenging activity, suggesting anthocyanins contribute to the antioxidant potential of these fruits. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor C Chaves
- Laboratório de Virologia Aplicada, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biociências, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Laurita Boff
- Laboratório de Virologia Aplicada, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biociências, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Márcia Vizzotto
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Clima Temperado (EMBRAPA), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Eunice Calvete
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Universidade de Passo Fundo, UPF, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Flávio H Reginatto
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Mo Simões
- Laboratório de Virologia Aplicada, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biociências, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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13
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Sáez A, Morales JM, Morales CL, Harder LD, Aizen MA. The costs and benefits of pollinator dependence: empirically based simulations predict raspberry fruit quality. Ecol Appl 2018; 28:1215-1222. [PMID: 29575300 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Globally, agriculture increasingly depends on pollinators to produce many seed and fruit crops. However, what constitutes optimal pollination service for pollinator-dependent crops remains unanswered. We developed a simulation model to identify the optimal pollination service that maximizes fruit quality in crops. The model depicts the pollination (i.e., autonomous self-fertilization, pollen deposition) and post-pollination (i.e., pollen germination, and time from germination to ovule fertilization) processes leading to fruit and seed set and allows for negative flower-pollinator interactions, specifically pistil damage. We parameterized and validated the model based on empirical observations of commercial raspberry in western Argentina. To assess the effects of pollination intensity for fruit production, we conducted simulations over a range of visit number per flower by the two primary managed pollinators worldwide, Apis mellifera and Bombus terrestris. Simulations identified that ~15-35 visits per flower by A. mellifera or ~10-20 visits by B. terrestris provide adequate pollination and maximize raspberry fruit quality (i.e., estimated as the proportion of ovules that develop into drupelets). Visits in excess of these optima reduce simulated fruit quality, and flowers receiving >670 honey bee visits or >470 bumble bee visits would produce fruits of poorer quality than those receiving no bee visits. The simulations generated consistent, unbiased predictions of fruit quality for 12 raspberry fields. This model could be adapted easily to other animal-pollinated crops and used to guide efficient pollinator management in any agro-ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustín Sáez
- Grupo de Ecología de la Polinización, INIBIOMA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue), San Carlos de Bariloche (CP8400), Rio Negro, Argentina
| | - Juan M Morales
- Grupo de Ecología Cuantitativa, INIBIOMA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue), San Carlos de Bariloche (CP8400), Rio Negro, Argentina
| | - Carolina L Morales
- Grupo de Ecología de la Polinización, INIBIOMA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue), San Carlos de Bariloche (CP8400), Rio Negro, Argentina
| | - Lawrence D Harder
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Marcelo A Aizen
- Grupo de Ecología de la Polinización, INIBIOMA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue), San Carlos de Bariloche (CP8400), Rio Negro, Argentina
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14
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Leach H, Isaacs R. Seasonal Occurrence of Key Arthropod Pests and Beneficial Insects in Michigan High Tunnel and Field Grown Raspberries. Environ Entomol 2018; 47:567-574. [PMID: 29566159 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvy030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Berry crops are increasingly produced in high tunnels, which provide growers with the opportunity to extend their production season. This is particularly beneficial for the northern region of the United States with short and unpredictable growing seasons and where rainfall limits fruit quality. However, little is known about the effect of high tunnels on the community of pests, natural enemies, or pollinators, especially in berry crops, and there are few reports of the insect community in raspberries in this region. We compared the abundance of these insects during two growing seasons in field-grown and tunnel-grown floricane and primocane producing raspberries through direct observation and trapping at five sites in southwestern and central Michigan. We found eight key pests, including spotted wing Drosophila, leafhoppers, and thrips, and seven key natural enemies including parasitoid wasps, spiders, and lacewings, that were common across all sites. Pest populations were up to 6.6 times higher in tunnels, and pests typical of greenhouse systems became more dominant in this environment. Natural enemies observed on plants under tunnels were also more abundant than in the field, but this trend was reversed for natural enemies trapped on yellow sticky cards. There was also a reduction of both honey bees and wild bees under the high tunnels, which was balanced by use of commercial bumble bees. These data not only provide much-needed information on the phenology of the insect community on raspberry plantings, they also highlight the entomological implications of protected raspberry culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Leach
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Rufus Isaacs
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
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15
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Wallingford AK, Cha DH, Loeb GM. Evaluating a push-pull strategy for management of Drosophila suzukii Matsumura in red raspberry. Pest Manag Sci 2018; 74:120-125. [PMID: 28714131 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drosophila suzukii Matsumura is a serious pest of small fruits that lays its eggs in growing fruit. Current management strategies rely on an unsustainable schedule of foliar applications of chemical insecticides. Alternative approaches to suppressing oviposition are under investigation, such as attract-and-kill and the use of oviposition deterrents. Here, we evaluated two behavioral control approaches in combination as a push-pull strategy using laboratory and field assays. RESULTS In laboratory caged assays, both an attractive mass trapping device (pull) and an oviposition deterrent (push: 1-octen-3-ol) reduced oviposition by D. suzukii, and the combination of the two (push-pull) resulted in significantly greater reduction than either treatment alone. In field experiments, oviposition reduction was observed in fruit from plots treated with oviposition deterrent (push) or a combination of mass trapping devices and deterrent (push-pull) compared with fruit from control plots. However, oviposition in plots with mass trapping devices (pull) was higher than observed in all other treatments. Additionally, the protection provided by the deterrent in push plots extended to the entire plot rather than just in fruit closest to deterrent dispensers. CONCLUSION Push-pull treatments negatively affected D. suzukii infestation in both laboratory and field experiments. The reduction in oviposition observed in laboratory experiments was based on the additive effect of push and pull components acting on a finite population, while the reduction observed in field experiments appeared to be mainly based on the effect of pull components. We discuss potential underlying reasons for the discrepancy results and suggest potential improvements. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Wallingford
- Cornell University, New York Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY, USA
| | - Dong H Cha
- USDA-ARS, US Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Hilo, HI, USA
| | - Gregory M Loeb
- Cornell University, New York Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY, USA
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16
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Swoboda-Bhattarai KA, McPhie DR, Burrack HJ. Reproductive Status of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Females Influences Attraction to Fermentation-Based Baits and Ripe Fruits. J Econ Entomol 2017; 110:1648-1652. [PMID: 28541540 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tox150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) is an invasive species that is a devastating pest of soft-skinned fruit crops. Although much effort has been directed toward developing traps and attractants to monitor for D. suzukii, current monitoring tools do not reliably predict fruit infestation. The objective of this study was to determine if D. suzukii females at different developmental stages are differentially attracted to monitoring traps with fermentation-based baits and ripe fruits. Females were collected on the surface of traps, within traps, and on ripe fruits during three experiments at field locations in North Carolina, USA, and were dissected to determine their reproductive status. In general, females collected on ripe fruits were more likely to have mature eggs present in their ovaries and had higher numbers of mature eggs than females collected on the surface of or within monitoring traps. The results of this study have implications for D. suzukii monitoring and the development of effective baits for use in integrated pest management programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine A Swoboda-Bhattarai
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7634, Raleigh, NC 27695-7634
| | - Douglas R McPhie
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7634, Raleigh, NC 27695-7634
- NSF Center for Integrated Pest Management, North Carolina State University, 1730 Varsity Dr., STE 110, Raleigh, NC 27606-5228
| | - Hannah J Burrack
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7634, Raleigh, NC 27695-7634
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17
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Wajs-Bonikowska A, Stobiecka A, Bonikowski R, Krajewska A, Sikora M, Kula J. A comparative study on composition and antioxidant activities of supercritical carbon dioxide, hexane and ethanol extracts from blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) growing in Poland. J Sci Food Agric 2017; 97:3576-3583. [PMID: 28098355 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large quantities of blackberry seeds are produced as a pomace during the processing of juice and jam production; this by-product is a very interesting raw material both for oil manufacturing and as a source of bioactive compounds. In this work the composition, yield and antioxidant activity of three types of Rubus fructicosus pomace extracts isolated by liquid extraction using solvents of different polarity, as well with supercritical CO2 fluid extraction have been compared. RESULTS The highest extract yield was reported for Soxhlet extraction using ethanol as a solvent (14.2%). Supercritical carbon dioxide and hexane extracts were characterised by the highest content of phytosterols (1445 and 1583 mg 100 g-1 of extract, respectively) among which β-sitosterol was the main one, while the concentration of tocopherols, with predominant γ-isomer, was the highest for both hexane and ethanol extracts, being 2364 and 2334 mg 100 g-1 , respectively. Using a GC-MS method 95 volatiles, in which non-saturated aldehydes were predominant, were identified in the essential oil of seed pomace and in the volatile oil isolated from supercritical extract. The ethanolic extract which is characterised by the highest phenolic content (9443 mg GAE 100 g-1 ) exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (according to the ABTS•+ and DPPH• assays). CONCLUSION All pomace extracts examined were of high quality, rich in essential omega fatty acids and with a very high content of bioactive compounds, such as phytosterols and tocopherols. The high nutritional value of extracts from berry seed pomace could justify the commercialisation of specific extracts not only as food additives but also as cosmetic components. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wajs-Bonikowska
- Institute of General Food Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego, Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Stobiecka
- Institute of General Food Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego, Lodz, Poland
| | - Radosław Bonikowski
- Institute of General Food Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego, Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Krajewska
- Institute of General Food Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego, Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Sikora
- Institute of General Food Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego, Lodz, Poland
| | - Józef Kula
- Institute of General Food Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego, Lodz, Poland
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18
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Dragišić Maksimović JJ, Poledica MM, Radivojević DD, Milivojević JM. Enzymatic Profile of 'Willamette' Raspberry Leaf and Fruit Affected by Prohexadione-Ca and Young Canes Removal Treatments. J Agric Food Chem 2017; 65:5034-5040. [PMID: 28581737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The influence of growth regulator prohexadione-Ca (ProCa) concurrently with young canes removal on the modification of photosynthetic pigments content and antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase, POD; catalase, CAT; polyphenol oxidase, PPO; superoxide dismutase, SOD) activities in leaves and fruits of raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) cultivar 'Willamette' was studied. ProCa increased while canes removal decreased chlorophylls and carotenoids content compared to control. POD, CAT, and PPO activities in leaves after removal of young canes were higher compared to control (2-4 times) which was visually confirmed for POD by isoelectrofocusing. Removal of young canes slithly increased, while ProCa significantly enhanced SOD activity in leaves compared to control (475.10 and 218.38 nkat mg-1 prot, respectively). Pattern of SOD activity in fruit was similar as in leaf with substantial increase compared to control (about 15 times). Combination of implemented measures increased activity of all enzymes in the leaves and fruits. Our study could provide a better knowledge of the ProCa and canes removal influences on the action of enzymes in order to regulate their activities in fruit products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Milena M Poledica
- University of Belgrade , Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Fruit Science, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragan D Radivojević
- University of Belgrade , Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Fruit Science, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jasminka M Milivojević
- University of Belgrade , Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Fruit Science, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
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19
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Frewin AJ, Renkema J, Fraser H, Hallett RH. Evaluation of Attractants for Monitoring Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae). J Econ Entomol 2017; 110:1156-1163. [PMID: 28444365 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tox081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii Matsumura is an economically important pest of soft and small fruit crops. Unlike other drosophilid flies, D. suzukii is capable of infesting ripe and partially ripe fruit, which poses a significant pest management challenge, as there is no tolerance for infested or damaged fruit in the marketplace. As a result, producers in many regions rely on calendar-scheduled insecticide applications for D. suzukii management. In order to develop an integrated pest management approach, better tools for monitoring adult fly populations are needed. Over two growing seasons in southern Ontario, we evaluated three commercial (Pherocon SWD dual-lure, Suzukii Trap, and Scentry Lure) and two homemade baits (apple cider vinegar and yeast + sugar water) for their ability to capture D. suzukii in raspberry and highbush blueberry fields. In general, commercial attractants captured D. suzukii earlier in the growing season and in greater numbers, with fewer nontarget captures, compared with homemade baits. Scentry Lure tended to perform better than other attractants, capturing D. suzukii earlier and in larger numbers during peak harvest. Pherocon SWD dual-lure was highly specific to D. suzukii. The combination of Scentry Lure with Suzukii Trap had possible synergistic effects, as numbers of D. suzukii captured to the combined treatment were more than additive. Using commercial attractants improves D. suzukii monitoring and will allow growers to improve the timing of insecticide applications with D. suzukii activity in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Frewin
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1 (; ; )
| | - Justin Renkema
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1 ( ; ; )
- Corresponding author, e-mail:
- Current address: Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Balm, FL 33598
| | - Hannah Fraser
- Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Rebecca H Hallett
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1 (; ; )
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20
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Zayova EG, Stancheva IV, Geneva MP, Petrova MI, Dimitrova LI. Comparison of antioxidant activity of the fruits derived from in vitro propagated and traditionally cultivated tayberry plants. J Sci Food Agric 2016; 96:3477-3483. [PMID: 26564552 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tayberry is a hybrid between Rubus fruticosus L. and Rubus idaeus L. These fruits contain valuable vitamins and antioxidants. An effective protocol for micropropagation of tayberry plants is here described. Different concentrations of cytokinins (6-benzylaminopurine, zeatin, and 6-(γ,γ-dimethylallylamino)purine) were added in Murashige and Skoog, 1962 (MS) medium to micropropagation using stem tip and nodal explants. RESULTS The highest propagation rate was recorded on MS medium containing 2 mg L(-1) zeatin, where the shoot formation resulted in 3.4 shoots per stem tip explant after 4 weeks of culture. It was found that half-strength MS medium with 0.1 mg L(-1) indole-3-butyric acid was the best for plant rooting. For ex vitro acclimatization of plants, the mixture of peat, soil, and perlite (1:1:1 v/v/v) was the most suitable planting substrate for hardening. The micropropagation protocol described in this study might be useful for the production of healthy plant materials. Tayberry fruits from in vitro propagated plants and adapted to the field conditions possessed higher antioxidant capacity in comparison to traditionally cultivated plants. CONCLUSION Fruit extracts of micropropagated tayberry plants and adapted to field conditions can be used as a rich source of natural antioxidants. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ely G Zayova
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Ira V Stancheva
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Maria P Geneva
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Maria I Petrova
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Ludmila I Dimitrova
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
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21
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Wallingford AK, Connelly HL, Dore Brind'Amour G, Boucher MT, Mafra-Neto A, Loeb GM. Field Evaluation of an Oviposition Deterrent for Management of Spotted-Wing Drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, and Potential Nontarget Effects. J Econ Entomol 2016; 109:1779-1784. [PMID: 27247303 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tow116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is a polyphagous, invasive pest of small fruits. Current management relies heavily on chemical insecticides, and an effective oviposition deterrent could contribute to alternative management approaches that reduce the need for these chemical insecticides. A novel deployment method for repelling Drosophila suzukii, thereby reducing D. suzukii oviposition in fall-bearing red raspberry, was evaluated in the field. Infestations occurring within 4 d after deployment were significantly lower in 2-m-long plots (Rubus idaeus 'Caroline') treated with the repellent (20% 1-octen-3-ol in specialized pheromone and lure application technology [SPLAT]) compared to control plots (blank SPLAT). Repellent-treated plots had roughly 28.8 and 49.5% fewer offspring reared per gram of fruit than control plots in two experiments, respectively. Nontarget effects were also evaluated in 2-m plot experiments as well as 5- by 5-m plot experiments. There were no differences in the number of parasitic hymenoptera trapped on yellow sticky cards hung in repellent compared to control plots. While there were no differences in the number of visits to raspberry flowers observed by honey bees in repellent versus control plots, the number of visits by bumble bees was greater in repellent plots compared to control plots. Challenges regarding evaporation rates and potential uses for repellents in an integrated pest management program for the control of D. suzukii are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Wallingford
- Cornell University, New York Agricultural Experiment Station, 630 W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456 (; ; ; ; )
| | - Heather L Connelly
- Cornell University, New York Agricultural Experiment Station, 630 W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456 (; ; ; ; )
| | - Gabrielle Dore Brind'Amour
- Cornell University, New York Agricultural Experiment Station, 630 W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456 (; ; ; ; )
| | - Matthew T Boucher
- Cornell University, New York Agricultural Experiment Station, 630 W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456 (; ; ; ; )
| | | | - Greg M Loeb
- Cornell University, New York Agricultural Experiment Station, 630 W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456 (; ; ; ; )
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22
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Garcia-Seco D, Zhang Y, Gutierrez-Mañero FJ, Martin C, Ramos-Solano B. Application of Pseudomonas fluorescens to Blackberry under Field Conditions Improves Fruit Quality by Modifying Flavonoid Metabolism. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142639. [PMID: 26559418 PMCID: PMC4641737 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Application of a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR), Pseudomonas fluorescens N21.4, to roots of blackberries (Rubus sp.) is part of an optimised cultivation practice to improve yields and quality of fruit throughout the year in this important fruit crop. Blackberries are especially rich in flavonoids and therefore offer potential benefits for human health in prevention or amelioration of chronic diseases. However, the phenylpropanoid pathway and its regulation during ripening have not been studied in detail, in this species. PGPR may trigger flavonoid biosynthesis as part of an induced systemic response (ISR) given the important role of this pathway in plant defence, to cause increased levels of flavonoids in the fruit. We have identified structural genes encoding enzymes of the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthetic pathways catalysing the conversion of phenylalanine to the final products including flavonols, anthocyanins and catechins from blackberry, and regulatory genes likely involved in controlling the activity of pathway branches. We have also measured the major flavonols, anthocyanins and catechins at three stages during ripening. Our results demonstrate the coordinated expression of flavonoid biosynthetic genes with the accumulation of anthocyanins, catechins, and flavonols in developing fruits of blackberry. Elicitation of blackberry plants by treatment of roots with P.fluorescens N21.4, caused increased expression of some flavonoid biosynthetic genes and an accompanying increase in the concentration of selected flavonoids in fruits. Our data demonstrate the physiological mechanisms involved in the improvement of fruit quality by PGPR under field conditions, and highlight some of the genetic targets of elicitation by beneficial bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Garcia-Seco
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU San Pablo, Ctra. Boadilla del Monte km 5.3, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yang Zhang
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | | | - Cathie Martin
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Beatriz Ramos-Solano
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU San Pablo, Ctra. Boadilla del Monte km 5.3, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
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23
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Masson S, Mesléard F, Dutoit T. Using Shrub Clearing, Draining, and Herbivory to Control Bramble Invasion in Mediterranean Dry Grasslands. Environ Manage 2015; 56:933-945. [PMID: 26013075 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-015-0541-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
For centuries, the dry grassland of the plain of La Crau (south-eastern France) has been subjected to numerous disturbances resulting in the destruction and the fragmentation of this emblematic rangeland ecosystem of the Mediterranean. Today, this ecosystem is facing a new threat from a proliferating native species, the bramble (Rubus ulmifolius Schott), which preferentially colonizes areas that were formerly cultivated and/or exposed to water infiltration. To identify a strategy for effective control of this colonization, in situ experiments testing disturbance regimes (shrub clearing and/or mixed grazing by sheep and goats) combined with the control of access to water resources (with or without drainage trenches) were undertaken between 2010 and 2013. Only clearing and grazing combined over 3 years led to significant changes in vegetation height and bramble cover as well as modifications in the floristic composition, diversity, similarity, and richness of the plant community. Neither a clearing operation carried out in 2010 alone, nor grazing alone, reduced bramble cover, and neither treatment increased the species richness of the plant community. Similarly, digging drainage trenches had no significant impact either on the plant community or on bramble cover. Our study suggests that only annual mechanical clearing coupled with sheep and goats grazing can significantly reduce bramble cover. This combined restoration treatment needs to be applied for at least 3 consecutive years to induce significant changes and enable this ecosystem to return to the dry grassland succession.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solène Masson
- Institut Mediterranéen de la Biodiversité et de l'Ecologie - UMR CNRS IRD, Univeristé d'Avignon, IUT, Site Agroparc, BP 1207, 84911, Avignon Cedex 9, France,
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24
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Burrack HJ, Asplen M, Bahder L, Collins J, Drummond FA, Guédot C, Isaacs R, Johnson D, Blanton A, Lee JC, Loeb G, Rodriguez-Saona C, van Timmeren S, Walsh D, McPhie DR. Multistate Comparison of Attractants for Monitoring Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Blueberries and Caneberries. Environ Entomol 2015; 44:704-712. [PMID: 26313977 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvv022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii Matsumara, also referred to as the spotted wing drosophila, has recently expanded its global range with significant consequences for its primary host crops: blueberries, blackberries, raspberries, cherries, and strawberries. D. suzukii populations can increase quickly, and their infestation is difficult to predict and prevent. The development of effective tools to detect D. suzukii presence in new areas, to time the beginning of activity within a crop, to track seasonal activity patterns, and to gauge the effectiveness of management efforts has been a key research goal. We compared the efficiency, selectivity, and relationship to fruit infestation of a range of commonly used homemade baits and a synthetic formulated lure across a wide range of environments in 10 locations throughout the United States. Several homemade baits were more efficient than apple cider vinegar, a commonly used standard, and a commercially formulated lure was, in some configurations and environments, comparable with the most effective homemade attractant as well as potentially more selective. All alternative attractants also captured flies between 1 and 2 wk earlier than apple cider vinegar, and detected the presence of D. suzukii prior to the development of fruit infestation. Over half the Drosophila spp. flies captured in traps baited with any of the attractants were not D. suzukii, which may complicate their adoption by nonexpert users. The alternative D. suzukii attractants tested are improvement on apple cider vinegar and may be useful in the development of future synthetic lures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J Burrack
- Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7634, Raleigh, NC 27695-7634.
| | - Mark Asplen
- Natural Sciences Department, College of Arts and Sciences, Metropolitan State University, 700 East Seventh St., Saint Paul, MN, 55106
| | - Luz Bahder
- Department of Entomology, Washington State University, 24106 N. Bunn Rd., Prosser, WA 99350
| | - Judith Collins
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, 305 Deering Hall, Orono, ME 04469
| | - Francis A Drummond
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, 305 Deering Hall, Orono, ME 04469
| | - Christelle Guédot
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, 1630 Linden Dr., Madison, WI 53706
| | - Rufus Isaacs
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 202 CIPS Bldg., East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Donn Johnson
- Department of Entomology, University of Arkansas, 319 Agriculture Bldg., Fayetteville, AR 72701
| | - Anna Blanton
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 1980 Folwell Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108
| | - Jana C Lee
- USDA-ARS, Horticultural Crops Research Unit, 3420 NW Orchard Ave., Corvallis, OR 97330
| | - Gregory Loeb
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Geneva Experiment Station, Geneva, NY 14456
| | - Cesar Rodriguez-Saona
- Department of Entomology, Rutgers University, 125 Lake Oswego Rd., Chatsworth, NJ 08019
| | - Steven van Timmeren
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 202 CIPS Bldg., East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Douglas Walsh
- Department of Entomology, Washington State University, 24106 N. Bunn Rd., Prosser, WA 99350
| | - Douglas R McPhie
- Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7634, Raleigh, NC 27695-7634
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25
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Fuentes L, Monsalve L, Morales-Quintana L, Valdenegro M, Martínez JP, Defilippi BG, González-Agüero M. Differential expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes in drupelets and receptacle of raspberry (Rubus idaeus). J Plant Physiol 2015; 179:100-105. [PMID: 25847526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Red Raspberry (Rubus idaeus) is traditionally classified as non-climacteric, and the role of ethylene in fruit ripening is not clear. The available information indicates that the receptacle, a modified stem that supports the drupelets, is involved in ethylene production of ripe fruits. In this study, we report receptacle-related ethylene biosynthesis during the ripening of fruits of cv. Heritage. In addition, the expression pattern of ethylene biosynthesis transcripts was evaluated during the ripening process. The major transcript levels of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (RiACS1) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (RiACO1) were concomitant with ethylene production, increased total soluble solids (TSS) and decreased titratable acidity (TA) and fruit firmness. Moreover, ethylene biosynthesis and transcript levels of RiACS1 and RiACO1 were higher in the receptacle, sustaining the receptacle's role as a source of ethylene in regulating the ripening of raspberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lida Fuentes
- Centro Regional de Estudios en Alimentos Saludables (CREAS), R12C1001, Avenida Universidad 330, Placilla, Valparaíso, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-La Cruz, Chorrillos 86, La Cruz, Chile.
| | - Liliam Monsalve
- Centro Regional de Estudios en Alimentos Saludables (CREAS), R12C1001, Avenida Universidad 330, Placilla, Valparaíso, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-La Cruz, Chorrillos 86, La Cruz, Chile
| | | | - Mónika Valdenegro
- Centro Regional de Estudios en Alimentos Saludables (CREAS), R12C1001, Avenida Universidad 330, Placilla, Valparaíso, Chile; Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Juan-Pablo Martínez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-La Cruz, Chorrillos 86, La Cruz, Chile; Centro Regional de Estudios en Alimentos Saludables (CREAS), R12C1001, Avenida Universidad 330, Placilla, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Bruno G Defilippi
- Unidad de post-cosecha, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-La Platina, Santa Rosa 11610, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio González-Agüero
- Unidad de post-cosecha, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-La Platina, Santa Rosa 11610, Santiago, Chile
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26
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Hamby KA, Bolda MP, Sheehan ME, Zalom FG. Seasonal monitoring for Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in California commercial raspberries. Environ Entomol 2014; 43:1008-1018. [PMID: 24865227 DOI: 10.1603/en13245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Native to Southeast Asia, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) prefer to oviposit on ripe fruit and have become an important pest of California raspberries (Rubus idaeus L.) since their detection in Santa Cruz County, CA, in 2008. Preliminary management guidelines included D. suzukii monitoring recommendations, though there was little available information on seasonal occurrence and potential lures for use in raspberries. To address this issue, we trapped adult D. suzukii weekly for 2 yr (including both spring and fall harvests) in multiple raspberry varieties using apple cider vinegar and a yeast-sugar-water mixture as liquid lures, and measured fruit infestation when commercially ripe fruit were available. D. suzukii pressure as measured by larval infestation and adult trap captures was higher during the fall raspberry harvest season. The yeast lure captured significantly more D. suzukii during the fall harvest than the apple cider vinegar, and while both lures tended to capture more females than males, this varied by month of the year and was more pronounced for the yeast lure. Trap captures from each lure correlated well to one another, and often exhibited significant correlation to larval infestation. However, during all seasons and under both conventional and organic management, worrisome outliers were present (high larval infestation with low trap captures) that call into question the reliability of using the systems presented here as a basis for management decisions at this time.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Hamby
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA
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