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Zhang Q, Ren J, Wang F, Pan M, Cui L, Li M, Qu F. Mitochondrial and glucose metabolic dysfunctions in granulosa cells induce impaired oocytes of polycystic ovary syndrome through Sirtuin 3. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 187:1-16. [PMID: 35594990 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial function and glucose metabolism play important roles in bidirectional signaling between granulosa cells (GCs) and oocytes. However, the factors associated with mitochondrial function and glucose metabolism of GCs in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are poorly understood, and their potential downstream effects on oocyte quality are still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there are alterations in mitochondrial-related functions and glucose metabolism in ovarian GCs of women with PCOS and the role of Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) in this process. Here, we demonstrated that women with PCOS undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer had significantly lower rates of metaphase II oocytes, two-pronuclear fertilization, cleavage, and day 3 good-quality embryos. Germinal vesicle- and metaphase I-stage oocytes from women with PCOS exhibited increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and downregulation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. GCs from women with PCOS presented significant alterations in mitochondrial morphology, amount, and localization, decreased membrane potential, reduced adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, increased mitochondrial ROS and oxidative stress, and insufficient oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) together with decreased glycolysis. SIRT3 expression was significantly decreased in GCs of PCOS patients, and knockdown of SIRT3 in KGN cells could mimic the alterations in mitochondrial functions and glucose metabolism in PCOS GCs. SIRT3 knockdown changed the acetylation status of NDUFS1, which might induce altered mitochondrial OXPHOS, the generation of mitochondrial ROS, and eventually defects in the cellular insulin signaling pathway. These findings suggest that SIRT3 deficiency in GCs of PCOS patients may contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction, elevated oxidative stress, and defects in glucose metabolism, which potentially induce impaired oocytes in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Manman Pan
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Long Cui
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Mingqian Li
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China
| | - Fan Qu
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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Kadoura S, Alhalabi M, Nattouf AH. Follicular fluid PlGF and IVF/ICSI outcomes among PCOS and normo-ovulatory women using different controlled hyperstimulation protocols: A prospective case-control study. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 79:104096. [PMID: 35860057 PMCID: PMC9289487 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues are used to prevent premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surge during In-Vitro Fertilization. However, the follicular fluid levels of the Placental growth factor (FF PlGF), the novel angiogenic factor, differ significantly between GnRH-agonist and GnRH-antagonist protocols. Thus, we compared the IVF/ICSI outcomes and their correlations with FF PlGF levels in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and normo-ovulatory women during different hyperstimulation protocols. Methods This case-control study is a re-analysis of two prospective trials that were conducted on women who were referred to Orient Hospital, Damascus, Syria, from December 2019 to August 2021. A total of 75 PCOS-women (PCOS-Agonist, n = 53; PCOS-Antagonist, n = 22) and 83 normo-ovulatory women (Control-Agonist, n = 50; Control-Antagonist, n = 33) were included. Follicular fluid samples were collected on retrieval day. Results Although PCOS-women were stimulated using lower gonadotropin doses, the Ovarian-sensitivity-indexes were higher in PCOS-groups (PCOS-Agonist vs Control-Agonist; P-value <0.001), (PCOS-Antagonist vs Control-Antagonist; P-value = 0.042). However, FF PlGF levels, maturation rate, fertilization rate, and oocytes morphology were comparable between PCOS and controls independently of the protocol used. Interestingly, FF PlGF levels were positively correlated with Ovarian-sensitivity-indexes in the PCOS-Antagonist, Control-Agonist, and Control-Anta groups, but not in the PCOS-Agonist group. Nevertheless, FF PlGF levels were comparable between pregnant and non-pregnant women in all studied groups. Conclusions Although PCOS exaggerates ovarian response to stimulation irrespective of the protocol used, it does not have a detrimental impact on oocytes morphology or competence. Moreover, FF PlGF levels could be a marker of the ovarian response other than a predictor of pregnancy achievement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Kadoura
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Marwan Alhalabi
- Department of Embryology and Reproductive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Orient Hospital, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Abdul Hakim Nattouf
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
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Wang L, Zhou C, Sun J, Zhang Q, Lai D. Glutamine and norepinephrine in follicular fluid synergistically enhance the antioxidant capacity of human granulosa cells and the outcome of IVF-ET. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9936. [PMID: 35705692 PMCID: PMC9200745 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14201-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies demonstrate that changes in neurotransmitters metabolic levels in follicular fluid are directly related to oocyte maturation, fertilization, the quality of embryo and pregnancy rates. However, the relationship between the intra-follicular neurotransmitters and the function of granulosa cells (GCs), and the outcome of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) is not clear. Human follicular fluid and cumulus GCs were harvested from large follicles obtained from patients undergoing IVF. Neurotransmitters and steroid hormones in follicular fluid were measured through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Based on the content of glutamine (Gln) in follicular fluid, the samples were divided into two groups: high Gln level group and low Gln level group. The expression of proliferation-, steroidogenesis- and antioxidant-related genes in GCs was detected by qRT-PCR. In vitro, KGN cells were used to further verify the effects of Gln and NE on GCs function. Primary and secondary outcomes were the number of mature and retrieved oocytes, and the ratio of high-quality embryos, respectively. Gln (46.75 ± 7.74 μg/mL) and norepinephrine (NE, 0.20 ± 0.07 μg/mL) were abundant neurotransmitters in follicular fluid, and exhibited a significantly positive correlation (R = 0.5869, P < 0.005). In high Gln level group, the expression of proliferation, steroidogenesis and antioxidant-related genes in GCs were higher than those in low Gln level group, and the contents of estriol and E2 in follicular fluid were more abundant. Moreover, the concentrations of Gln and NE in follicular fluid showed significantly positive correlation with IDH1 expression in GCs (R = 0.3822, R = 0.4009, P < 0.05). Importantly, a significantly positive correlation was observed between IDH1 expression in GCs and the ratio of higher-quality/cleaved embryos (R = 0.4480, P < 0.05). In vitro studies further demonstrated that Gln and NE played synergistically function in improving GCs proliferation and E2 production by upregulating IDH1 expression. These data demonstrate that Gln and NE in follicular fluid might play significant positive roles in GCs function, and may be potential predictors for selecting optimal quality oocytes and evaluating the quality of embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Wang
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145, Guang-Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Chengliang Zhou
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145, Guang-Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Junyan Sun
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145, Guang-Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Qiuwan Zhang
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145, Guang-Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Dongmei Lai
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145, Guang-Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China.
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Sabry R, Nguyen M, Younes S, Favetta LA. BPA and its analogs increase oxidative stress levels in in vitro cultured granulosa cells by altering anti-oxidant enzymes expression. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 545:111574. [PMID: 35065199 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A is a widespread endocrine disruptor with numerous effects on reproductive functions. Limitations on BPA in manufacturing has prompted the use of analogs, such as BPS and BPF, with limited research on their safety. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of BPA and its analogs on oxidative stress levels within bovine granulosa cells and to measure the expression of key antioxidant genes. Results indicate that BPA and BPF reduce cell viability and induce mitochondrial dysfunction and all three bisphenols increased production of reactive oxygen species as early as 12hrs post exposure. BPA increased the levels of antioxidants at 12hrs at the mRNA and protein levels, while these results were not significant at 48hrs. These results together suggest that BPA and its analogs can induce oxidative stress within bovine granulosa cells, although not necessarily through common mechanisms. Therefore, the use of BPA analogs may have to be re-considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sabry
- Reproductive Health and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - M Nguyen
- Reproductive Health and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - S Younes
- Reproductive Health and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - L A Favetta
- Reproductive Health and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
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Wang X, Luu T, Beal MA, Barton-Maclaren TS, Robaire B, Hales BF. The Effects of Organophosphate Esters Used as Flame Retardants and Plasticizers on Granulosa, Leydig, and Spermatogonial Cells Analyzed Using High-Content Imaging. Toxicol Sci 2022; 186:269-287. [PMID: 35135005 PMCID: PMC8963303 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The replacement of regulated brominated flame retardants and plasticizers with organophosphate esters (OPEs) has led to their pervasive presence in the environment and in biological matrices. Further, there is evidence that exposure to some of these chemicals is associated with reproductive toxicity. Using a high-content imaging approach, we assessed the effects of exposure to 9 OPEs on cells related to reproductive function: KGN human granulosa cells, MA-10 mouse Leydig cells, and C18-4 mouse spermatogonial cells. The effects of OPEs were compared with those of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), a legacy brominated flame retardant. Alterations in several important cell features, including cell survival, mitochondrial dynamics, oxidative stress, lysosomes, and lipid droplets, were analyzed. Most of the OPEs tested displayed higher cytotoxicity than BDE-47 in all 3 cell lines. Effects on phenotypic parameters were specific for each cell type. Several OPEs increased total mitochondria, decreased lysosomes, increased the total area of lipid droplets, and induced oxidative stress in KGN cells; these endpoints were differentially affected in MA-10 and C18-4 cells. Alterations in cell phenotypes were highly correlated in the 2 steroidogenic cell lines for a few triaryl OPEs. Potency ranking using 2 complementary approaches, Toxicological Prioritization Index analyses and the lowest benchmark concentration/administered equivalent dose method, revealed that while most of the OPEs tested were more potent than BDE-47, others showed little to no effect. We propose that these approaches serve as lines of evidence in a screening strategy to identify the potential for reproductive and endocrine effects of emerging chemicals and assist in regulatory decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Trang Luu
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Marc A Beal
- Existing Substances Risk Assessment Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Tara S Barton-Maclaren
- Existing Substances Risk Assessment Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Bernard Robaire
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Barbara F Hales
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Room 110, Montreal, QC H3G1Y6, Canada. E-mail:
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Ji R, Jia FY, Chen X, Wang ZH, Jin WY, Yang J. Salidroside alleviates oxidative stress and apoptosis via AMPK/Nrf2 pathway in DHT-induced human granulosa cell line KGN. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 715:109094. [PMID: 34813774 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.109094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the past few years, emerging evidence established persistent oxidative stress to be a key player in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Particularly, it damages the function of granulosa cells, and thus hinders the development of follicles. The present study aimed to explore and establish the protective effects of salidroside on dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-induced Granulosa-like tumor cell line (KGN), mediated via antioxidant mechanisms. The study assessed the positive effects of salidroside on DHT-induced apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, damage of antioxidant capacity, and mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization. Interestingly, salidroside partly reversed DHT mediated effects, via stimulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway and the downstream antioxidant proteins heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) and quinine oxidoreductase 1(NQO1). Additionally, the knockdown of Nrf2 partly moderated the antioxidant and anti-apoptosis effects of salidroside in DHT-treated KGN cells. Mechanistically, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was identified to be the upstream signaling involved in salidroside-induced Nrf2 activation, as silencing of AMPK partly prevented the upregulation of Nrf2 and the downstream proteins HO-1 and NQO1. Altogether, the present study is the first to effectively demonstrate the inhibitory effect of salidroside on DHT-stimulated oxidative stress and apoptosis in KGN cells, which was dependent on Nrf2 activation that involved AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ji
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang-Yuan Jia
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan, China; Department of Aortic Surgery, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Ze-Hao Wang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Yi Jin
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China.
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Curcumin in Combination with Aerobic Exercise Improves Follicular Dysfunction via Inhibition of the Hyperandrogen-Induced IRE1 α/XBP1 Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway in PCOS-Like Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2021:7382900. [PMID: 34987702 PMCID: PMC8720591 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7382900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Combining diet with exercise can improve health and performance. Exercise can reduce androgen excess and insulin resistance (IR) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. Curcumin is also presumed to improve the follicle development disorder. Here, we investigated the effects of a combination therapy of oral intake of curcumin and exercise on hyperandrogen-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and ovarian granulosa cell (GC) apoptosis in rats with PCOS. We generated a PCOS model via continuous dehydroepiandrosterone subcutaneous injection into the necks of Sprague Dawley rats for 35 days. PCOS-like rats then received curcumin treatment combined with aerobic (treadmill) exercise for 8 weeks. We found that compared to control rats, the ovarian tissue and ovarian GCs of hyperandrogen-induced PCOS rats showed increased levels of ER stress-related genes and proteins. Hyperandrogen-induced ovarian GC apoptosis, which was mediated by excessive ER stress and unfolded protein response (UPR) activation, could cause follicle development disorders. Both curcumin gavage and aerobic exercise improved ovarian function via inhibiting the hyperandrogen-activated ER stress IRE1α-XBP1 pathway. Dihydrotestosterone- (DHT-) induced ER stress was mitigated by curcumin/irisin or 4μ8C (an ER stress inhibitor) in primary GC culture. In this in vitro model, the strongly expressed follicular development-related genes Ar, Cyp11α1, and Cyp19α1 were also downregulated.
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Sadeghi HM, Adeli I, Calina D, Docea AO, Mousavi T, Daniali M, Nikfar S, Tsatsakis A, Abdollahi M. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review of Pathogenesis, Management, and Drug Repurposing. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020583. [PMID: 35054768 PMCID: PMC8775814 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine-gynecology disorder affecting many women of childbearing age. Although a part of the involved mechanism in PCOS occurrence is discovered, the exact etiology and pathophysiology are not comprehensively understood yet. We searched PubMed for PCOS pathogenesis and management in this article and ClinicalTrials.gov for information on repurposed medications. All responsible factors behind PCOS were thoroughly evaluated. Furthermore, the complete information on PCOS commonly prescribed and repurposed medications is summarized through tables. Epigenetics, environmental toxicants, stress, diet as external factors, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, inflammation, oxidative stress, and obesity as internal factors were investigated. Lifestyle modifications and complementary and alternative medicines are preferred first-line therapy in many cases. Medications, including 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-3-glutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, glucose-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, mucolytic agents, and some supplements have supporting data for being repurposed in PCOS. Since there are few completed clinical trials with a low population and mostly without results on PCOS repurposed medications, it would be helpful to do further research and run well-designed clinical trials on this subject. Moreover, understanding more about PCOS would be beneficial to find new medications implying the effect via the novel discovered routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosna Mohammad Sadeghi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran; (H.M.S.); (I.A.); (T.M.); (M.D.)
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran
| | - Ida Adeli
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran; (H.M.S.); (I.A.); (T.M.); (M.D.)
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (M.A.)
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Petru Rares, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Taraneh Mousavi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran; (H.M.S.); (I.A.); (T.M.); (M.D.)
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran
| | - Marzieh Daniali
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran; (H.M.S.); (I.A.); (T.M.); (M.D.)
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran
| | - Shekoufeh Nikfar
- Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran;
- Personalized Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran
- Evidence-Based Evaluation of Cost-Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Analytical and Forensic Medical Toxicology, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran; (H.M.S.); (I.A.); (T.M.); (M.D.)
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (M.A.)
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Theaflavin 3, 3'-Digallate Delays Ovarian Aging by Improving Oocyte Quality and Regulating Granulosa Cell Function. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:7064179. [PMID: 34925699 PMCID: PMC8674650 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7064179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian aging refers to the gradual decline of ovarian function with increasing physiological age, manifested as decreased ovarian reserve, elevated aging-related markers, and reduced oocyte quality. With a declining female fertility and a growing aging population, it is urgent to delay ovarian aging to maintain fertility and improve the life quality of women. Theaflavin 3, 3′-digallate (TF3) is a naturally bioactive polyphenol compound extracted from black tea, and its antioxidant properties play an important role in maintaining human health and delaying aging; however, the effects of TF3 on female reproduction and ovarian function are not yet clear. Here, we show that TF3 can preserve primordial follicle pool, partially restore the estrous cycle, and increase the offspring number of aged mice. Meanwhile, TF3 gavage increased the number of oocytes retrieved, decreased the level of reactive oxygen species, increased the level of glutathione, and decreased the abnormal rate of oocyte spindle after ovulation induction. Moreover, TF3 inhibited human granulosa cell apoptosis and improved their antioxidative stress ability. High-throughput sequencing and small-molecule-targeted pharmacological prediction show that TF3 affects multiple pathways and gene expression levels, mainly involved in reproductive and developmental processes. It may also affect cellular function by targeting mTOR to regulate the autophagic pathway, thereby delaying the process of ovarian aging. This study shows that TF3 can be used as a potential dietary supplement to protect ovary function from aging and thereby improving the life quality of advanced-age women.
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Hu M, Zhang Y, Ma S, Li J, Wang X, Liang M, Sferruzzi-Perri AN, Wu X, Ma H, Brännström M, Shao LR, Billig H. Suppression of uterine and placental ferroptosis by N-acetylcysteine in a rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome. Mol Hum Reprod 2021; 27:gaab067. [PMID: 34850077 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaab067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms that link hyperandrogenism and insulin (INS) resistance (HAIR) to the increased miscarriage rate in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remain elusive. Previous studies demonstrate that increased uterine and placental ferroptosis is associated with oxidative stress-induced fetal loss in a pre-clinical PCOS-like rat model. Here, we investigated the efficacy and molecular mechanism of action of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in reversing gravid uterine and placental ferroptosis in pregnant rats exposed to 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and INS. Molecular and histological analyses showed that NAC attenuated DHT and INS-induced uterine ferroptosis, including dose-dependent increases in anti-ferroptosis gene content. Changes in other molecular factors after NAC treatment were also observed in the placenta exposed to DHT and INS, such as increased glutathione peroxidase 4 protein level. Furthermore, increased apoptosis-inducing factor mitochondria-associated 2 mRNA expression was seen in the placenta but not in the uterus. Additionally, NAC was not sufficient to rescue DHT + INS-induced mitochondria-morphological abnormalities in the uterus, whereas the same treatment partially reversed such abnormalities in the placenta. Finally, we demonstrated that NAC selectively normalized uterine leukemia inhibitory factor, osteopontin/secreted phosphoprotein 1, progesterone receptor, homeobox A11 mRNA expression and placental estrogen-related receptor beta and trophoblast-specific protein alpha mRNA expression. Collectively, our data provide insight into how NAC exerts beneficial effects on differentially attenuating gravid uterine and placental ferroptosis in a PCOS-like rat model with fetal loss. These results indicate that exogenous administration of NAC represents a potential therapeutic strategy in the treatment of HAIR-induced uterine and placental dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Physiology and Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yuehui Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Shuting Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Juanli Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Mengmeng Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Amanda Nancy Sferruzzi-Perri
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xiaoke Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mats Brännström
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Linus R Shao
- Department of Physiology and Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Håkan Billig
- Department of Physiology and Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Esfandyari S, Aleyasin A, Noroozi Z, Taheri M, Khodarahmian M, Eslami M, Rashidi Z, Amidi F. The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane against Oxidative Stress through Activation of NRF2/ARE Pathway in Human Granulosa Cells. CELL JOURNAL 2021; 23:692-700. [PMID: 34939763 PMCID: PMC8665974 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2021.7393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective Sulforaphane (SFN) is a natural free radical scavenger that can reduce oxidative stress (OS) through
mediating nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NF-E2-related factor 2 or NRF2)/antioxidant response element
(ARE) signaling pathway and the downstream antioxidant enzymes. Here, we intended to study the role of SFN in OS-
induced human granulosa cells (GCs) by investigating the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), cell
death, and NRF2-ARE pathway.
Materials and Methods This experimental study was conducted on GCs of 12 healthy women who had normal menstrual
cycles with no history of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, menstrual disorders, hyperprolactinemia,
or hormonal therapy. After isolation of GCs, the MTT assay was performed to explore GCs viability after treatment with
SFN in the presence or absence of H2O2. Flow cytometry was utilized to determine the intracellular ROS production
and the apoptosis rate. Evaluation of the mRNA and protein expression levels of NRF2 and phase II enzymes including
superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) was performed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction
(PCR) and western blotting. Finally, the data were analyzed by SPSS software using One-way ANOVA and the suitable
post-hoc test. Significance level was considered as P<0.05.
Results Pretreatment of GCs with SFN attenuated intracellular ROS production and apoptosis rate in the H2O2-exposed
cells. Moreover, SFN treatment increased the mRNA expression level of NRF2, SOD, and CAT. Higher expression of
NRF2 and SOD was also observed at the protein level.
Conclusion Our study demonstrated that SFN protects human GCs against H2O2induced-OS by reducing
the intracellular ROS production and the following apoptosis through a mechanism by which NRF2 increases the
antioxidant enzymes such as SOD and CAT. This result may have a potential application in assisted reproduction cycles
by improving the quality of GCs and the embedded oocyte, especially in PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Esfandyari
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashraf Aleyasin
- Department of Infertility, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Noroozi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Taheri
- Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshad Khodarahmian
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of ART, Embryology Laboratory, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Eslami
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Rashidi
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fardin Amidi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran..,Department of Infertility, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Cheng SB, Li XQ, Wang JX, Wu Y, Li P, Pi JS. The effect of light on follicular development in laying hens. Anim Biosci 2021; 34:1766-1775. [PMID: 33848416 PMCID: PMC8563248 DOI: 10.5713/ab.20.0791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The oxidative stress status and changes of chicken ovary tissue after shading were studied, to determine the mechanism of the effect of shading on follicular development. METHODS Twenty healthy laying hens (40 weeks old) with uniform body weight and the same laying rate were randomly divided into two groups (the shading group and normal light group). In the shading group, the cage was covered to reduce the light intensity inside the cage to 0 without affecting ventilation or food intake. The normal lighting group received no additional treatment. After 7 days of shading, oxidative stress related indicators and gene expression were detected. RESULTS Analysis of paraffin and ultrathin sections showed that apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) increased significantly after light shading. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay results revealed that the levels of total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione, catalase (CAT), and other substances in the sera, livers, ovaries, and follicular GCs of laying hens increased significantly after shading for 7 days; and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the livers of laying hens also increased significantly. ROS in the serum, ovarian and GCs also increased. After shading for 7 days, the levels of 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine in the sera and ovarian tissues of laying hens increased significantly. Cell counting kit-8 detection showed that the proliferation activity of GCs in layer follicles decreased after shading for 7 days; the expression level of the anti-apoptotic gene B-cell lymphoma-2 in ovarian tissue and follicular GCs was significantly reduced, and the expression levels of pro-apoptotic caspase 3 (casp3), and SOD, glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPX2), and CAT were all significantly increased. CONCLUSION Oxidative stress induced by shading light has a serious inhibitory effect on follicular development during reproduction in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Bin Cheng
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434103,
China
- Ostrich Research Institute, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434103,
China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430064,
China
| | - Xian Qiang Li
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434103,
China
- Ostrich Research Institute, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434103,
China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430064,
China
| | - Jia Xiang Wang
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434103,
China
- Ostrich Research Institute, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434103,
China
| | - Yan Wu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430064,
China
| | - Peng Li
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434103,
China
- Ostrich Research Institute, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434103,
China
| | - Jin Song Pi
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430064,
China
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Ullah A, Wang MJ, Yang JP, Adu-Gyamfi EA, Czika A, Sah SK, Feng Q, Wang YX. Ovarian inflammatory mRNA profiles of a dehydroepiandrosterone plus high-fat diet-induced polycystic ovary syndrome mouse model. Reprod Biomed Online 2021; 44:791-802. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2021.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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The protective effect of sulforaphane against oxidative stress in granulosa cells of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) through activation of AMPK/AKT/NRF2 signaling pathway. Reprod Biol 2021; 21:100563. [PMID: 34678578 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2021.100563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in granulosa cells (GCs) causes oxidative stress (OS) and plays a role in pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Sulforaphane (SFN) has received a great deal of attention as potent antioxidant because of its ability to induce expression of antioxidant enzymes through nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) signaling pathway. Therefore, the present study was done to investigate the protective effect of SFN against OS in granulosa-lutein cells (GLCs) of patients with PCOS through activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/AKT/NRF2 signaling pathway. GLCs were isolated from patients with PCOS and healthy fertile women, as control group, during egg retrieval procedure. Level of intracellular ROS and apoptosis was determined in the isolated cells. For investigating the protective effect of SFN against ROS production and apoptosis in GLCs, the cells were cultured for 24 h in the presence or absence of SFN. Finally, expression of AMPK, AKT, and NRF2 proteins and genes was evaluated by western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), respectively. The results indicated the increased ROS and apoptosis levels in GLCs isolated from patients with PCOS compared to the control group. Addition of SFN to culture medium of GLCs of patients with PCOS reduced intracellular ROS and apoptosis levels, and increased expression of AMPK, AKT, and NRF2 proteins and genes. Our findings demonstrated the protective effect of SFN against OS by lowering level of ROS and apoptosis possibly through activation of AMPK, AKT, and NRF2 proteins and genes expression.
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Sandhu JK, Waqar A, Jain A, Joseph C, Srivastava K, Ochuba O, Alkayyali T, Ruo SW, Poudel S. Oxidative Stress in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and the Effect of Antioxidant N-Acetylcysteine on Ovulation and Pregnancy Rate. Cureus 2021; 13:e17887. [PMID: 34660086 PMCID: PMC8502752 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.17887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrinological condition that leads to infertility in many females. N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a novel antioxidant, is being used as an adjuvant to treat infertility in females suffering from PCOS. This review aims to evaluate oxidative stress in females suffering from PCOS and assess whether the anti-oxidizing properties of NAC are beneficial in enhancing the rate of ovulation and pregnancy in infertile PCOS females. A literature search was conducted manually on PubMed and Google Scholar databases using the following keywords: “N-Acetylcysteine,” “PCOS,” “Oxidative stress,” “Antioxidants,” and “infertility” alone and/or in combination for data collection. The studies were manually screened and, after applying inclusion-exclusion criteria, 32 studies consisting of 2466 females of the reproductive age group are included in this review. Our review revealed that females suffering from PCOS tend to show elevated levels of inflammatory markers and a decrease in antioxidant capacity. When used in combination with clomiphene citrate or letrozole, NAC increases ovulation and pregnancy rate in infertile females suffering from PCOS and positively affects the quality of oocytes and number of follicles ≥18mm. Moreover, its side effect profile is low. It also results in a mild increase in endometrial thickness in some females. Future studies on a large sample size using NAC alone are highly recommended to evaluate its role as a single-drug therapy for treating infertility in females suffering from PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine K Sandhu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Ahsan Waqar
- Family Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Ashish Jain
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Christine Joseph
- Urology/Obstetrics and Gynecology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Kosha Srivastava
- Neurology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Olive Ochuba
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Tasnim Alkayyali
- Internal Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, TUR.,Pathology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Sheila W Ruo
- General Surgery, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Sujan Poudel
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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Kumariya S, Ubba V, Jha RK, Gayen JR. Autophagy in ovary and polycystic ovary syndrome: role, dispute and future perspective. Autophagy 2021; 17:2706-2733. [PMID: 34161185 PMCID: PMC8526011 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1938914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a unification of endocrine and metabolic disorders and has become immensely prevalent among women of fertile age. The prime organ affected in PCOS is the ovary and its distressed functioning elicits disturbed reproductive outcomes. In the ovary, macroautophagy/autophagy performs a pivotal role in directing the chain of events starting from oocytes origin until its fertilization. Recent discoveries demonstrate a significant role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Defective autophagy in the follicular cells during different stages of follicles is observed in the PCOS ovary. Exploring different autophagy pathways provides a platform for predicting the possible cause of altered ovarian physiology in PCOS. In this review, we have emphasized autophagy's role in governing follicular development under normal circumstances and in PCOS, including significant abnormalities associated with PCOS such as anovulation, hyperandrogenemia, metabolic disturbances, and related abnormality. So far, few studies have linked autophagy and PCOS and propose its essential role in PCOS progression. However, detailed knowledge in this area is lacking. Here we have summarized the latest knowledge related to autophagy associated with PCOS. This review's main objective is to provide a background of autophagy in the ovary, its possible connection with PCOS and suggested a novel proposal for future studies to aid a better understanding of PCOS pathogenesis.Abbreviations: AE: androgen excess; AF: antral follicle; AKT/PKB: AKT serine/threonine kinase; AMH: anti-Mullerian hormone; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ATG: autophagy-related; BCL2: BCL2 apoptosis regulator; BECN1: beclin 1; BMP: bone morphogenetic protein; CASP3: caspase 3; CL: corpus luteum; CYP17A1/P450C17: cytochrome P450 family 17 subfamily A member 1; CYP19A1: cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1; DHEA: dehydroepiandrosterone; EH: endometrial hyperplasia; FF: follicular fluid; FOXO: forkhead box O; FSH: follicle stimulating hormone; GC: granulosa cell; GDF: growth differentiation factor; HA: hyperandrogenemia; HMGB1: high mobility group box 1; IGF1: insulin like growth factor 1; INS: insulin; IR: insulin resistance; LHCGR/LHR: luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MAPK/ERK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; MAPK8/JNK: mitogen-activated protein kinase 8; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; MTORC: mechanistic target of rapamycin complex; NAFLD: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; NFKB: nuclear factor kappa B; OLR1/LOX-1: oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1; oxLDL: oxidized low-density lipoproteins; PA: palmitic acid; PCOS: polycystic ovary syndrome; PF: primary follicle; PGC: primordial germ cell; PI3K: phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PMF: primordial follicle; ROS: reactive oxygen species; RP: resting pool; SIRT1: sirtuin 1; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus; TC: theca cell; TUG1: taurine up-regulated 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjana Kumariya
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Vaibhave Ubba
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Rajesh K. Jha
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Jiaur R. Gayen
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
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Chappell NR, Zhou B, Hosseinzadeh P, Schutt A, Gibbons WE, Blesson CS. Hyperandrogenemia alters mitochondrial structure and function in the oocytes of obese mouse with polycystic ovary syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 2:101-112. [PMID: 34458875 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfss.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Capsule Hyperandrogenemia in an obese PCOS mouse model results in altered glucose/insulin metabolism and mitochondrial structure and function in the oocytes, in part explaining adverse outcomes and inheritance patterns seen in PCOS. Objective To study the oocyte quality by means of mitochondrial structure and function in a well-established classic PCOS mouse model. Design Animal study using an obese PCOS mouse model compared with control. Setting Animal research facility in a tertiary care university hospital setting. Animals C57/B6J mice. Intervention Three week old mice had subdermal implants of DHT controlled release pellet or placebo for 90 days. Main Outcome Measures The mouse model was validated by performing glucose tolerance test, HbA1c levels, body weight and estrous cycle analyses. Oocytes were subsequently isolated and were used to investigate mitochondrial membrane potential, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, ATP production, mtDNA copy number, transcript abundance, histology and electron microscopy. Results Results showed glucose intolerance and hyperinsulinemia along with dysregulated estrus cycle. Analysis of the oocytes demonstrated impaired inner mitochondrial membrane function, increased ATP production and mtDNA copy number, altered RNA transcript abundance and aberrant ovarian histology. Electron microscopy of the oocytes showed severely impaired mitochondrial ultrastructure. Conclusion The obese PCOS mouse model shows a decreased oocyte quality related to impaired mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil R Chappell
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Family Fertility Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Beth Zhou
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Family Fertility Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Pardis Hosseinzadeh
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Family Fertility Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Amy Schutt
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Family Fertility Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - William E Gibbons
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Family Fertility Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Chellakkan S Blesson
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Family Fertility Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Zhou L, Han X, Li W, Wang N, Yao L, Zhao Y, Zhang L. N6-methyladenosine Demethylase FTO Induces the Dysfunctions of Ovarian Granulosa Cells by Upregulating Flotillin 2. Reprod Sci 2021; 29:1305-1315. [PMID: 34254281 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00664-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is often accompanied by overweight/obesity and insulin resistance. The dysfunctions of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) are closely linked with the pathogenesis of PCOS. Fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO), an N6-methyladenosine (m6A) demethylase, has been reported to be implicated in the risks and insulin resistance of PCOS. However, the roles of FTO in the development of GCs along with its m6A-related regulatory mechanisms are poorly defined. Cell proliferative ability was detected by MTT assay. Cell apoptotic rate was measured via flow cytometry. Insulin resistance was assessed by GLUT4 transport potential. The mRNA and protein levels of FTO and flotillin 2 (FLOT2) were determined by RT-qPCR and western blot assays, respectively. FLOT2 was screened out to be a potential FTO target through differential expression analysis for the GSE95728 dataset and target prediction analysis by POSTAR2 and STARBASE databases. The interaction between FTO and FLOT2 was analyzed by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. The effect of FTO upregulation on FLOT2 m6A level was measured by methylated RIP (meRIP) assay. FLOT2 mRNA stability was examined by actinomycin D assay. FTO overexpression facilitated cell proliferation, hindered cell apoptosis, and induced insulin resistance in GCs. FTO promoted FLOT2 expression by reducing m6A level on FLOT2 mRNA and increasing FLOT2 mRNA stability. FLOT2 loss weakened the effects of FTO overexpression on cell proliferation/apoptosis and insulin resistance in GCs. FTO induced the dysfunctions of GCs by upregulating FLOT2, suggesting that FTO/FLOT2 might play a role in the pathophysiology of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71, Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71, Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71, Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71, Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Lan Yao
- Department of Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71, Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yunhe Zhao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Xiangyang Central Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441000, China
| | - Liqun Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71, Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To provide an overview of mitochondrial functional alterations in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). RECENT FINDINGS Although numerous studies have focused on PCOS, the pathophysiological mechanisms that cause this common disease remain unclear. Mitochondria play a central role in energy production, and mitochondrial dysfunction may underlie several abnormalities observed in women with PCOS. Recent studies associated mtDNA mutations and low mtDNA copy number with PCOS, and set out to characterize the potential protective role of mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein responses (UPR and UPR). SUMMARY Mitochondrial dysfunction likely plays a role in the pathogenesis of PCOS by increasing reactive oxygen (ROS) and oxidative stress. This occurs in a metabolic milieu often affected by insulin resistance, which is a common finding in women with PCOS, especially in those who are overweight or obese. Mutations in mtDNA and low mtDNA copy number are found in these patients and may have potential as diagnostic modalities for specific PCOS phenotypes. More recently, UPR and UPR are being investigated as potential cellular rescue mechanisms in PCOS, the failure of which may lead to apoptosis, and contribute to decreased reproductive potential.
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Taqi MO, Saeed-Zidane M, Gebremedhn S, Salilew-Wondim D, Tholen E, Neuhoff C, Hoelker M, Schellander K, Tesfaye D. NRF2-mediated signaling is a master regulator of transcription factors in bovine granulosa cells under oxidative stress condition. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 385:769-783. [PMID: 34008050 PMCID: PMC8526460 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03445-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) are known to be involved in regulating the expression of several classes of genes during folliculogenesis. However, the regulatory role of TFs during oxidative stress (OS) is not fully understood. The current study was aimed to investigate the regulation of the TFs in bovine granulosa cells (bGCs) during exposure to OS induced by H2O2 in vitro. For this, bGCs derived from ovarian follicles were cultured in vitro till their confluency and then treated with H2O2 for 40 min. Twenty-four hours later, cells were subjected to various phenotypic and gene expression analyses for genes related to TFs, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, cell proliferation, and differentiation markers. The bGCs exhibited higher reactive oxygen species accumulation, DNA fragmentation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress accompanied by reduction of mitochondrial activity after exposure to OS. In addition, higher lipid accumulation and lower cell proliferation were noticed in H2O2-challenged cells. The mRNA level of TFs including NRF2, E2F1, KLF6, KLF9, FOS, SREBF1, SREBF2, and NOTCH1 was increased in H2O2-treated cells compared with non-treated controls. However, the expression level of KLF4 and its downstream gene, CCNB1, were downregulated in the H2O2-challenged group. Moreover, targeted inhibition of NRF2 using small interference RNA resulted in reduced expression of KLF9, FOS, SREBF2, and NOTCH1 genes, while the expression of KLF4 was upregulated. Taken together, bovine granulosa cells exposed to OS exhibited differential expression of various transcription factors, which are mediated by the NRF2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Omar Taqi
- Institute of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Husbandry Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Saeed-Zidane
- Institute of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Husbandry Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Animal Breeding and Genetics Group, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Samuel Gebremedhn
- Institute of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Husbandry Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory (ARBL), Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Dessie Salilew-Wondim
- Institute of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Husbandry Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ernst Tholen
- Institute of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Husbandry Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christiane Neuhoff
- Institute of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Husbandry Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Hoelker
- Institute of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Husbandry Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Teaching and Research Station Frankenforst, University of Bonn, Koenigswinter, Germany
| | - Karl Schellander
- Institute of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Husbandry Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dawit Tesfaye
- Institute of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Husbandry Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory (ARBL), Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
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Saha P, Kumar S, Datta K, Tyagi RK. Upsurge in autophagy, associated with mifepristone-treated polycystic ovarian condition, is reversed upon thymoquinone treatment. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 208:105823. [PMID: 33484844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a multi-factorial gynecological endocrine disorder. It affects fertility in women and also predisposes to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity etc. Earlier, significance of autophagy has been explored in PCOS-related metabolic disorders and during normal folliculogenesis. Increasing evidences reveal connection of autophagy with chronic inflammatory behaviour, an associated phenomena in polycystic ovaries. However, understanding of the association of autophagy with PCOS is still obscure. This study reveals that increased autophagy in mifepristone (RU486) treated KK-1 cells and in vivo PCO rat model is characterized by upregulated Androgen Receptor (AR) expression and downregulated PCO biomarker aromatase. The prevalence of autophagy has been observed to be concomitant with increased expression of two autophagic markers Beclin1 and MAP-LC3-II while the autophagy substrate p62/SQSTM1 was downregulated. Immunohistochemical staining revealed increased localization of MAP-LC3 in the compacted granulosa layers of the follicular cysts in the PCO model. The PCO rat models also demonstrated augmented levels of p65, the active subunit of NF-κB, which acts as a transcriptional regulator of several pro-inflammatory factors. NF-κB repressor and anti-inflammatory herbal drug thymoquinone, known to alleviate PCO condition, downregulated autophagy modules substantially. Pre-treatment with thymoquinone upregulated aromatase, reduced AR levels and decreased autophagic markers as well as p65 levels, simulating super-ovulated condition. In conclusion, the anti-inflammatory phytochemical thymoquinone alleviated PCO condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramita Saha
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India; Biochemistry and Toxicology Laboratory, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Kasturi Datta
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India; Biochemistry and Toxicology Laboratory, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rakesh K Tyagi
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Notch signaling pathway in cumulus cells reflecting zygote and embryo quality in polycystic ovary syndrome. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021; 304:1097-1105. [PMID: 33772329 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-021-06039-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed to explore the associations between the expression pattern of molecules in the Notch pathway in the cumulus cells of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients and the quality of zygotes and embryos. METHODS A total of 200 cumulus complexes surrounding mature oocytes were obtained from 40 patients with and without PCOS undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). The expressions of Notch-1, Notch-2, and Notch-3 genes were examined by Reverse Transcription Q-PCR assay. Moreover, immunocytochemistry was performed for the expressions of Jagged-1 and Jagged-2 proteins. The correlations between the Notch receptors and their ligand expressions and the qualities of the zygote and embryo were investigated. RESULTS The expression levels of Notch-2, Notch-3, Jagged-1, and Jagged-2 were significantly lower in patients with PCOS than in normal women (p < 0.05), while Notch-1 showed no meaningful difference between the groups. A positive correlation was found between Notch-1 and embryo quality. Furthermore, only Notch-2 and Jagged-2 marginally correlated with zygote quality. CONCLUSION The data of the present study indicated that evaluating the molecules in the Notch pathway in PCOS patients' cumulus cells provides a novel approach to predict the zygote and embryo quality. However, further studies on a larger population are needed to validate this finding.
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Liu Y, Yu Z, Zhao S, Cheng L, Man Y, Gao X, Zhao H. Oxidative stress markers in the follicular fluid of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome correlate with a decrease in embryo quality. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:471-477. [PMID: 33216309 PMCID: PMC7884504 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-02014-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Elevated oxidative stress has been proposed as an important factor in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)-related infertility. Our study was aimed at simultaneously exploring local and systemic oxidative stress in PCOS individuals and its relationship with embryo quality. METHODS We recruited 86 PCOS cases and 60 controls. Five representative oxidative stress markers, namely, total oxidant capacity (TOC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malonaldehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were measured in both follicular fluid (FF) and serum. RESULTS Women with PCOS compared to normal controls had higher levels of TOC in both FF (10.13 ± 2.68 vs.7.03 ± 2.45, P < 0.001) and serum (11.76 ± 2.92 vs. 8.82 ± 2.57, P < 0.001). The oxidative stress index (OSI, the ratio of TOC to TAC) was also higher in PCOS cases. They were still significant after BMI adjustment (Padj<0.01). In addition, the serum OSI level was much higher than the FF OSI level in both groups. Correlation analysis showed that the FF and serum TOC were negatively correlated with the high-quality embryo rate on day 3 and the later blastocyst formation rate in the PCOS group (P < 0.05). The correlation coefficient was higher in FF. Moreover, as the regression analysis data showed, the FF MDA level was significantly associated with embryo quality indicators (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS PCOS was accompanied by elevated oxidative stress in both serum and FF. Even though serum oxidative stress was severe, the study suggested that FF oxidative stress contributed more to embryo quality, to which we should give more attention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiheng Yu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shigang Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Man
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xueying Gao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- , Jinan, China.
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Zhou J, Jin X, Sheng Z, Zhang Z. miR-206 serves an important role in polycystic ovary syndrome through modulating ovarian granulosa cell proliferation and apoptosis. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:179. [PMID: 33500693 PMCID: PMC7818533 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have reported that microRNAs (miRNAs) have an important role in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Downregulation of miR-206 in patients with PCOS has been found, however, its specific role remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the roles of miR-206 in (PCOS) and to determine the underlying molecular mechanisms. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to analyze the expression levels of miR-206 in normal ovarian surface epithelial IOSE80 cells and human ovarian granulosa cell-like KGN cells. TargetScan was used to predict the target gene of miR-206, which was subsequently verified using a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. The mRNA expression levels of cyclin D2 (CCND2) and the transfection efficiencies of the miR-206 mimic and CCDN2 overexpression plasmid were determined using RT-qPCR analysis. The protein expression levels of CCND2, cleaved-caspase-3 and pro-caspase-3 were analyzed using western blotting, and an MTT assay and flow cytometric analysis were used to evaluate the cell viability and levels of apoptosis, respectively, in the cells following transfection. Finally, the activity of caspase-3 was analyzed using a caspase-3 activity assay kit. The results of the present study revealed that the expression levels of miR-206 were downregulated in KGN cells compared with IOSE80 cells. CCND2 was predicted and verified to be a direct target gene of miR-206, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of CCND2 were discovered to be upregulated in KGN cells compared with IOSE80 cells. The miR-206 mimic and CCND2 overexpression plasmid significantly upregulated the expression levels of miR-206 and CCND2, respectively, in KGN cells. The miR-206 mimic also downregulated the expression levels of CCND2 in KGN cells, while this effect was reversed following the transfection with the CCND2 overexpression plasmid. Compared with the mimic control group, the miR-206 mimic significantly decreased the cell viability, induced the levels of apoptosis, increased the activity of caspase-3, upregulated cleaved-caspase-3 protein expression levels and downregulated pro-caspase-3 protein expression levels in KGN cells following transfection; these effects were reversed following the overexpression of CCND2. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggested that miR-206 may serve an important role in PCOS through modulating ovarian granulosa cell viability and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Reproductive Endocrine Center, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008, P.R. China
| | - Xuejing Jin
- Reproductive Endocrine Center, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008, P.R. China
| | - Zhumei Sheng
- Reproductive Endocrine Center, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008, P.R. China
| | - Zhifen Zhang
- Reproductive Endocrine Center, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008, P.R. China
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Chen C, Zhang X, Huang H, Bao H, Li X, Cheng Y, Zhang J, Ding Y, Yang Y, Gu H, Xia D. Bi-enzymes treatments attenuate cognitive impairment associated with oxidative damage of heavy metals. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:201404. [PMID: 33614079 PMCID: PMC7890482 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.201404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment. Lead (Pb) is a common environmental toxicant and plays a vital role in oxidative stress activation. In this study, a superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) containing poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) meso-particles (PLGA@SOD-CAT) were prepared to attenuate cognitive impairment via inhibiting oxidative stress in rats. It was prepared using a double emulsion (water/oil/water phase) technique to minimize the hazardous effects of Pb burden on cognitive impairment. The meso-particles antagonized the Pb-induced cognitive impairments. Behaviour, serum biochemical parameters and biomarkers of oxidative stress in rats were evaluated after they were subjected to intravenous injection with lead nitrate and PLGA@SOD-CAT. Moreover, the potential protective mechanism of PLGA@SOD-CAT was determined. Notably, PLGA@SOD-CAT appreciably agented memory impairment caused by lead nitrate and it could significantly inhibit Pb-induced oxidative stress in the blood. Furthermore, a remarkable reversion effect of cognitive impairments, including escape latency, crossing platform times and time per cent during the platform quadrant, after PLGA@SOD-CAT administration were noted. Therefore, these results suggested that the bi-enzymes platform was a superior product in eliminating Pb-induced cognitive impairments through reducing expression of Pb-associated oxidative stress, and it could potentially be applied in detoxifying heavy metals in blood circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhang
- Boao Evergrande International Hospital, Qionghai, Hainan 571400, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Huang
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyi Bao
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Cheng
- Xinglin College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanguang Yang
- Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiying Gu
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Donglin Xia
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests a role for mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including type 2 diabetes, aging, and ovarian failure. Because of the central role of mitochondria in energy production, heme biosynthesis, calcium buffering, steroidogenesis, and apoptosis signaling within cells, understanding the molecular mechanisms behind mitochondrial dysregulation and its potential implications in disease is critical. This review will take a journey through the past and summarize what is known about mitochondrial dysfunction in various disorders, focusing on metabolic alterations and reproductive abnormalities. Evidence is presented from studies in different human populations, and rodents with genetic manipulations of pathways known to affect mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasi Das
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Consuelo Sauceda
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Nicholas J G Webster
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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Gong Y, Luo S, Fan P, Zhu H, Li Y, Huang W. Growth hormone activates PI3K/Akt signaling and inhibits ROS accumulation and apoptosis in granulosa cells of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2020; 18:121. [PMID: 33287836 PMCID: PMC7720521 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-020-00677-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is reported that growth hormone (GH) can alleviate oxidative stress (OS) induced apoptosis in some types of cells by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. This study investigated the role and underlying mechanism of GH in OS and apoptosis in granulosa cells (GCs) of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS Primary GCs were collected from patients with and without PCOS (controls, n = 32) during oocyte retrieval. The patients with PCOS were randomly assigned to take GH treatment (PCOS-GH, n = 30) or without GH treatment (PCOS-C, n = 31). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was determined by spectrophotometry and fluorescence microscopy. GC apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were detected by Annexin V-FITC/PI double-staining and JC-1 staining, respectively (flow cytometry). The expression of apoptosis-related genes and proteins involved in PI3K/Akt signaling was determined by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, while active caspase-9 and caspase-3 levels of GCs were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Our study found that in GCs of the PCOS-GH group, the ROS levels and apoptotic rates were significantly decreased, whereas MMP was significantly increased when compared to those in the PCOS-C group (P < 0.05). The mRNA levels of FOXO1, Bax, caspase-9, and caspase-3 were significantly decreased, whereas Bcl-2 was increased in GCs of the PCOS-GH group than those in the PCOS-C group (P < 0.05). The protein levels of FOXO1, Bax, cleaved caspase-9/caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3 were decreased, whereas p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt, p-FOXO1 and Bcl-2 were increased in GCs of the PCOS-GH group, compared with those in the PCOS-C group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION OS induced apoptosis and downregulated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in patients with PCOS. GH could alleviate apoptosis and activate the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. ChiCTR1800019437 . Prospectively registered on October 20, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial Women's and Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Women's and children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huili Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, #1416 Chenglong Road, JinJiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Liang Y, Kang L, Qi Z, Gao X, Quan H, Lin H. Salvia miltiorrhiza solution and its active compounds ameliorate human granulosa cell damage induced by H 2O 2. Exp Ther Med 2020; 21:64. [PMID: 33365064 PMCID: PMC7716637 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The dried roots or rhizomes of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge are commonly used in Chinese medicine to promote blood circulation and regulate menstruation. Salvianic acid A and salvianolic acid B are the main active water-soluble compounds in Salvia miltiorrhiza solution. The present study investigated the protective effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza solution and its active compounds in H2O2-induced cell damage of the human ovarian granulosa tumor cell line (KGN) in vitro, as well as its underlying mechanism. Cell viability was detected using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. In addition, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured. Western blotting was performed to detect the protein expression of cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-9. Furthermore, immunocytochemistry was used to detect the expression of TNF-α. It was demonstrated that Salvia miltiorrhiza solution, salvianic acid A and salvianolic acid B did not affect the viability of KGN cells. Additionally, salvianic acid A and salvianolic acid B significantly reduced the H2O2-induced increased MDA levels, and reversed the H2O2-induced suppression of SOD and GSH activities in KGN cells (P<0.05). Treatment with Salvia miltiorrhiza solution, salvianic acid A and salvianolic acid B significantly reduced the overexpression of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9 and TNF-α compared with the H2O2-treated group (P<0.05). Therefore, the present results indicated that Salvia miltiorrhiza solution and its main water-soluble compounds, salvianic acid A and salvianolic acid B, ameliorated KGN cell damage induced by H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- Reproductive Medicine Center and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Liying Kang
- Department of Science and Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Zihe Qi
- Department of Science and Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Xing Gao
- Reproductive Medicine Center and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Huili Quan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Huifang Lin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
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Growth hormone alleviates oxidative stress and improves oocyte quality in Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18769. [PMID: 33127971 PMCID: PMC7599233 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75107-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is associated with poor oocyte quality and in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) outcomes for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Growth hormone (GH) can function to reduce OS in some types of cells. Therefore, this prospective randomized study investigated whether GH can significantly improve OS and oocyte quality in women with PCOS. This study enrolled 109 and 50 patients with and without PCOS (controls), respectively. The patients with PCOS were randomly assigned to receive treatment with GH (PCOS-T) or not (PCOS-C). The primary outcome included markers of OS in serum and FF, and secondary outcomes were mitochondrial function in granulosa cells (GCs) and IVF-ET outcomes. The PCOS groups showed higher basal serum total oxidant status (TOS) and OS index (OSI) levels. The follicle fluid (FF) TOS and OSI and GC apoptosis rate were significantly higher, whereas the GC mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was significantly lower in the PCOS-C group than in the PCOS-T and non-PCOS control groups (P < 0.05). Significantly more oocytes were fertilised and cleavage stage embryos were produced in the PCOS-T group than in the PCOS-C group (P < 0.05). GH also improved the rates of implantation and clinical pregnancy, but not significantly (P > 0.05). This study showed that GH alleviated the TOS and OSI level in FF and improved GC mitochondrial dysfunction and oocyte quality in patients with PCOS. Clinical Trial Registration Number: This project was prospectively registered on the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry on October 20, 2018. (ChiCTR1800019437) (https://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=28663&htm=4).
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Chen M, Huang X, Liu Y, Lei S, Wu Y, Chen Z, Hong L, Teng X. Systematic oxidative stress is not associated with live birth rate in young non-obese patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome undergoing assisted reproduction cycles: A prospective cohort study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020; 253:154-161. [PMID: 32877771 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oxidative stress may be associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and poor outcomes after assisted reproduction treatment. It is unclear if systematic oxidative stress is correlated with live birth rate in patients with PCOS after controlled ovarian stimulation. This study aimed to investigate the serum oxidative stress markers on the day of trigger hCG and its relationship with live birth rate in young non-obese women with or without PCOS undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) treatment. STUDY DESIGN In this prospective cohort study, 50 patients with PCOS and 50 patients without PCOS aged less than 35 years and undergoing IVF/ICSI between February 2017 and January 2018 were studied. The body mass index (BMI) of all participants was less than 28 kg/m2. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels on the day of hCG were measured. Demographic and cycle characteristics, embryo laboratory data and pregnancy outcomes after fresh embryo transfer were analyzed. Univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze independent variables predicting the live birth rate. RESULTS After conventional ovarian stimulation, the patients with PCOS had higher serum MDA and GPx concentrations (P < 0.03) and lower serum SOD levels (P < 0.03) on the hCG trigger day than the controls. Further, the serum MDA and GPx levels on the trigger day were also positively correlated with the number of good quality embryos (R = 0.26, P = 0.01; R = 0.21, P = 0.04; respectively). However, cycle characteristics, IVF/ICSI outcomes and pregnancy outcomes were comparable between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the rate of good quality embryos (OR 1.04, 95 %CI 1.01-1.06, P = 0.005) and the duration of infertility (OR 0.74, 95 %CI 0.56-0.98, P = 0.04) were predictive factors of live birth rate. The ROC curve analysis showed the AUC for the model was 0.76 (95 %CI: 0.67-0.86, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The data suggest that moderate systemic oxidative stress on the hCG trigger day had no detrimental effects on live birth rate in young and non-obese patients with PCOS after IVF/ICSI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaoxin Chen
- Centre for Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Centre for Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yiping Liu
- Centre for Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China; Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Nanyang Municipal First People's Hospital of Henan Province, China
| | - Shating Lei
- Centre for Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Centre for Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China
| | - Zhiqin Chen
- Centre for Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China
| | - Ling Hong
- Centre for Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China
| | - Xiaoming Teng
- Centre for Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China.
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Placenta-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Restore the Ovary Function in an Ovariectomized Rat Model via an Antioxidant Effect. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9070591. [PMID: 32640638 PMCID: PMC7402146 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is one of the major etiologies of ovarian dysfunction, including premature ovarian failure (POF). Previous reports have demonstrated the therapeutic effects of human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PD-MSCs) in an ovariectomized rat model (OVX). However, their therapeutic mechanism in oxidative stress has not been reported. Therefore, we investigated to profile the exosome of serum and demonstrate the therapeutic effect of PD-MSCs transplantation for the ovary function. We established an OVX model by ovariectomy and PD-MSCs transplantation was conducted by intravenous injection. Additionally, various factors in the exosome were profiled by LC-MS analysis. As a result, the transplanted PD-MSCs were engrafted into the ovary and the existence of antioxidant factors in the exosome. A decreased expression of oxidative stress markers and increased expression of antioxidant markers were shown in the transplantation (Tx) in comparison to the non-transplantation group (NTx) (* p < 0.05). The apoptosis factors were decreased, and ovary function was improved in Tx in comparison to NTx (* p < 0.05). These results suggest that transplanted PD-MSCs restore the ovarian function in an OVX model via upregulated antioxidant factors. These findings offer new insights for further understanding of stem cell therapy for reproductive systems.
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Piersanti RL, Horlock AD, Block J, Santos JEP, Sheldon IM, Bromfield JJ. Persistent effects on bovine granulosa cell transcriptome after resolution of uterine disease. Reproduction 2020; 158:35-46. [PMID: 30933928 DOI: 10.1530/rep-19-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Metritis is associated with reduced fertility in dairy cows, but the mechanisms are unclear because the disease resolves several weeks before insemination. One hypothesis is that metritis causes persistent changes in granulosa cells during follicle development, which might be evident in the transcriptome of granulosa cells from dominant follicles weeks after parturition. To test this hypothesis, we collected the follicular fluid and granulosa cells from dominant follicles 63 days post partum from cows previously diagnosed with metritis, at least 6 weeks after resolution of the disease and from cows not diagnosed with metritis (control cows). Bacterial lipopolysaccharide was detected in follicular fluid, and concentrations were associated with follicular fluid IL-8 and glucose concentrations. Transcriptome analysis using RNAseq revealed 177 differentially expressed genes in granulosa cells collected from cows that had metritis compared with control cows. The most upregulated genes were ITLN1, NCF2, CLRN3, FSIP2 and ANKRD17, and the most downregulated genes were ACSM1, NR4A2, GHITM, CBARP and NR1I3. Pathway analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes were involved with immune function, cell-cell communication, cell cycle and cellular metabolism. Predicted upstream regulators of the differentially expressed genes included NFκB, IL-21 and lipopolysaccharide, which are associated with infection and immunity. Our data provide evidence for a persistent effect of metritis on the transcriptome of granulosa cells in ovarian follicles after the resolution of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Piersanti
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Anthony D Horlock
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Jeremy Block
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - José E P Santos
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - I Martin Sheldon
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - John J Bromfield
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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83
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Zeng X, Huang Q, Long SL, Zhong Q, Mo Z. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:1401-1409. [PMID: 32077751 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.5172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common female reproductive metabolisms. It is an endocrine disease that affects reproductive women and often exhibits with hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance (IR), low inflammation, and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular events such as hypertension and dyslipidemia in patients. However, the molecular mechanism of PCOS is still unclear. Recently, an increasing number of studies have shown that the oxidative stress induced by mitochondrial dysfunction has negative effects on IR, lipid metabolism, and follicular development, suggesting that mitochondrial dysfunction plays an essential role in the development of PCOS. Abnormal mitochondrial DNA copy number in patients with PCOS, and mitochondrial gene mutations, has been the focus of research in recent years, and functional mitochondrial diseases have been gradually accepted as a related factor in PCOS. This review is intended to summarize and discuss previous and recent studies and findings on the connections between mitochondrial dysfunction and PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zeng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Shuang Lian Long
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Qiaoqing Zhong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhongcheng Mo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guangxi, Guilin, China
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84
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Telomere Length and Telomerase Activity in Immature Oocytes and Cumulus Cells of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:1293-1303. [PMID: 32046456 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-019-00120-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Metaphase II oocytes (MII) from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) frequently have impaired oocyte competence. Since telomere maintenance is important for folliculogenesis, oocyte maturation, and early embryonic development, we sought to verify the implications of PCOS on telomere length and telomerase activity in immature oocytes and cumulus cells. 43 PCOS and 67 control women were included, and anthropometric, biochemical, and hormonal characteristics were evaluated. The telomere length in germinal vesicle stage (GV) and in metaphase I (MI) oocytes, as well as in the cumulus cells of immature (CCI) and mature oocytes (CCM), and in leukocytes was measured by qPCR. The telomerase activity in reproductive cells was evaluated by the TRAPeze® XL Kit. The body mass index (p = 0.001), LH (p = 0.015), estradiol (p = 0.004), insulin (p = 0.002), testosterone (p < 0.0001), androstenedione (p = 0.001), free androgen index (p < 0.0001), and c-reactive protein (p = 0.003) were greater, while the FSH (p = 0.0002) was lower in the PCOS group. The telomere length in the CCI (p = 0.649) and CCM (p = 0.378) did not differ between the PCOS and the control groups. On the other hand, telomerase activity in the CCI (p = 0.003) and CCM (p = 0.022) was higher in the PCOS group. In the leukocyte's cells, the telomere length was reduced in the PCOS group (p = 0.025). In the GV and MI oocytes, no differences were observed in telomere length and telomerase activity between the groups. We showed that telomere length is not altered in reproductive cells from PCOS. However, higher telomerase activity in the CCI and CCM may be required for telomere length maintenance.
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85
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Zhang J, Bao Y, Zhou X, Zheng L. Polycystic ovary syndrome and mitochondrial dysfunction. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2019; 17:67. [PMID: 31420039 PMCID: PMC6698037 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-019-0509-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent hormonal disorder of premenopausal women worldwide and is characterized by reproductive, endocrine, and metabolic abnormalities. The clinical manifestations of PCOS include oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea, hyperandrogenism, ovarian polycystic changes, and infertility. Women with PCOS are at an increased risk of suffering from type 2 diabetes; me\tabolic syndrome; cardiovascular events, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia; gynecological diseases, including infertility, endometrial dysplasia, endometrial cancer, and ovarian malignant tumors; pregnancy complications, such as premature birth, low birthweight, and eclampsia; and emotional and mental disorders in the future. Although numerous studies have focused on PCOS, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of this disease remain unclear. Mitochondria play a key role in energy production, and mitochondrial dysfunction at the cellular level can affect systemic metabolic balance. The recent wide acceptance of functional mitochondrial disorders as a correlated factor of numerous diseases has led to the presupposition that abnormal mitochondrial metabolic markers are associated with PCOS. Studies conducted in the past few years have confirmed that increased oxidative stress is associated with the progression and related complications of PCOS and have proven the relationship between other mitochondrial dysfunctions and PCOS. Thus, this review aims to summarize and discuss previous and recent findings concerning the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingshun Zhang
- grid.452829.0Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin China
| | - Yigang Bao
- grid.452829.0Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin China
| | - Xu Zhou
- 0000 0004 1760 5735grid.64924.3dCollege of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin China
| | - Lianwen Zheng
- grid.452829.0Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin China
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86
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Zhang Y, Zhao W, Xu H, Hu M, Guo X, Jia W, Liu G, Li J, Cui P, Lager S, Sferruzzi-Perri AN, Li W, Wu XK, Han Y, Brännström M, Shao LR, Billig H. Hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance-induced fetal loss: evidence for placental mitochondrial abnormalities and elevated reactive oxygen species production in pregnant rats that mimic the clinical features of polycystic ovary syndrome. J Physiol 2019; 597:3927-3950. [PMID: 31206177 DOI: 10.1113/jp277879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) commonly suffer from miscarriage, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Herein, pregnant rats chronically treated with 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and insulin exhibited hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance, as well as increased fetal loss, and these features are strikingly similar to those observed in pregnant PCOS patients. Fetal loss in our DHT+insulin-treated pregnant rats was associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, disturbed superoxide dismutase 1 and Keap1/Nrf2 antioxidant responses, over-production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and impaired formation of the placenta. Chronic treatment of pregnant rats with DHT or insulin alone indicated that DHT triggered many of the molecular pathways leading to placental abnormalities and fetal loss, whereas insulin often exerted distinct effects on placental gene expression compared to co-treatment with DHT and insulin. Treatment of DHT+insulin-treated pregnant rats with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine improved fetal survival but was deleterious in normal pregnant rats. Our results provide insight into the fetal loss associated with hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance in women and suggest that physiological levels of ROS are required for normal placental formation and fetal survival during pregnancy. ABSTRACT Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) commonly suffer from miscarriage, but the underlying mechanism of PCOS-induced fetal loss during pregnancy remains obscure and specific therapies are lacking. We used pregnant rats treated with 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and insulin to investigate the impact of hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance on fetal survival and to determine the molecular link between PCOS conditions and placental dysfunction during pregnancy. Our study shows that pregnant rats chronically treated with a combination of DHT and insulin exhibited endocrine aberrations such as hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance that are strikingly similar to those in pregnant PCOS patients. Of pathophysiological significance, DHT+insulin-treated pregnant rats had greater fetal loss and subsequently decreased litter sizes compared to normal pregnant rats. This negative effect was accompanied by impaired trophoblast differentiation, increased glycogen accumulation, and decreased angiogenesis in the placenta. Mechanistically, we report that over-production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the placenta, mitochondrial dysfunction, and disturbed superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and Keap1/Nrf2 antioxidant responses constitute important contributors to fetal loss in DHT+insulin-treated pregnant rats. Many of the molecular pathways leading to placental abnormalities and fetal loss in DHT+insulin treatment were also seen in pregnant rats treated with DHT alone, whereas pregnant rats treated with insulin alone often exerted distinct effects on placental gene expression compared to insulin treatment in combination with DHT. We also found that treatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) improved fetal survival in DHT+insulin-treated pregnant rats, an effect related to changes in Keap1/Nrf2 and nuclear factor-κB signalling. However, NAC administration resulted in fetal loss in normal pregnant rats, most likely due to PCOS-like endocrine abnormality induced by the treatment. Our results suggest that the deleterious effects of hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance on fetal survival are related to a constellation of mitochondria-ROS-SOD1/Nrf2 changes in the placenta. Our findings also suggest that physiological levels of ROS are required for normal placental formation and fetal survival during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 150040, Harbin, China.,Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Hongfei Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510120, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, 510120, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhu Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Wenyan Jia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Guoqi Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510120, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Cui
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Susanne Lager
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Amanda Nancy Sferruzzi-Perri
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Xiao-Ke Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Yanhua Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Mats Brännström
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 41345, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Linus R Shao
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Håkan Billig
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
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87
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Hu K, He C, Ren H, Wang H, Liu K, Li L, Liao Y, Liang M. LncRNA Gm2044 promotes 17β-estradiol synthesis in mpGCs by acting as miR-138-5p sponge. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:1023-1032. [PMID: 31179605 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to play vital roles in mammalian reproduction. Our previous research revealed that lncRNA Gm2044 is highly expressed in mouse spermatocytes and regulates male germ cell function. The gene annotation database BioGPS shows that Gm2044 is not only highly expressed in testicular tissue but also in ovarian tissue, which suggests that Gm2044 may be involved in female reproductive development. In this study, we confirmed that lncRNA Gm2044 promotes 17β-estradiol synthesis in mouse pre-antral follicular granulosa cells (mpGCs). Furthermore, bioinformatics methods, western blot, and the luciferase assay proved that Gm2044 functions as a miR-138-5p sponge to inhibit the direct target of miR-138-5p, Nr5a1, which enhances 17β-estradiol synthesis through cyp19a1 activation. Taken together, our results provide an insight into the mechanistic roles of lncRNA Gm2044 for 17β-estradiol synthesis by acting as competing-endogenous RNAs to modulate the function of mpGCs. Studying the potential lncRNAs, which regulate estradiol release, will be beneficial for the diagnosis and treatment of steroid hormone-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Hu
- Division of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaofan He
- Division of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanhuan Ren
- Division of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Division of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuan Liu
- Division of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Leina Li
- Division of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Liao
- Division of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Liang
- Division of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
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88
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Wei Z, Li P, Huang S, Lkhagvagarav P, Zhu M, Liang C, Jia C. Identification of key genes and molecular mechanisms associated with low egg production of broiler breeder hens in ad libitum. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:408. [PMID: 31117935 PMCID: PMC6532148 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5801-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Overfeeding reduces laying performance in broiler breeder hens, which is associated with obesity, hepatic steatosis and systemic inflammation. To unravel the underlying mechanisms governing the effect of feeding regimes on energy metabolism and egg production, a transcriptomics approach was carried out for screening differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ovary, liver and adipose tissues of broiler chickens under ad libitum and restricted feeding. Results It showed that 289, 388 and 204 DEGs were identified in the adipose, liver and ovary, respectively. These DEGs were significantly enriched in phagosome pathway, lipid transport, activity and nutrient reservoir activity in ovary; steroid hormone biosynthesis and metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 pathways in adipose tissue; and the metabolic pathways, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and Jak-STAT signaling pathway in liver. Estrogen receptor 1, identified as one of important hubs by constructing PPI network, was up-regulated in ad libitum group, which would make more apolipoproteins be transferred to ovary. Conclusions High expression of VTGs, APOB, CYBB and CTSS in ovary would induce excess lipid deposit, oxidative stress and potential damage to ovulation. Our results contribute to understanding effects of feeding regimes on metabolic regulation during egg production of broiler breeder hens and also provide new evidence of metabolic regulation from integrated multi-tissue processes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5801-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehui Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 22# Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 22# Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sijia Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 22# Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Purevsuren Lkhagvagarav
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 22# Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengqi Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 22# Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chuanyu Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 22# Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cunling Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 22# Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
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89
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Hu M, Zhang Y, Guo X, Jia W, Liu G, Zhang J, Li J, Cui P, Sferruzzi-Perri AN, Han Y, Wu X, Ma H, Brännström M, Shao LR, Billig H. Hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance induce gravid uterine defects in association with mitochondrial dysfunction and aberrant reactive oxygen species production. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 316:E794-E809. [PMID: 30860876 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00359.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at increased risk of miscarriage, which often accompanies the hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance seen in these patients. However, neither the combinatorial interaction between these two PCOS-related etiological factors nor the mechanisms of their actions in the uterus during pregnancy are well understood. We hypothesized that hyperandrogensim and insulin resistance exert a causative role in miscarriage by inducing defects in uterine function that are accompanied by mitochondrial-mediated oxidative stress, inflammation, and perturbed gene expression. Here, we tested this hypothesis by studying the metabolic, endocrine, and uterine abnormalities in pregnant rats after exposure to daily injection of 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT; 1.66 mg·kg body wt-1·day-1) and/or insulin (6.0 IU/day) from gestational day 7.5 to 13.5. We showed that whereas DHT-exposed and insulin-exposed pregnant rats presented impaired insulin sensitivity, DHT + insulin-exposed pregnant rats exhibited hyperandrogenism and peripheral insulin resistance, which mirrors pregnant PCOS patients. Compared with controls, hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance in the dam were associated with alterations in uterine morphology and aberrant expression of genes responsible for decidualization (Prl8a2, Fxyd2, and Mt1g), placentation (Fcgr3 and Tpbpa), angiogenesis (Flt1, Angpt1, Angpt2, Ho1, Ccl2, Ccl5, Cxcl9, and Cxcl10) and insulin signaling (Akt, Gsk3, and Gluts). Moreover, we observed changes in uterine mitochondrial function and homeostasis (i.e., mitochondrial DNA copy number and the expression of genes responsible for mitochondrial fusion, fission, biogenesis, and mitophagy) and suppression of both oxidative and antioxidative defenses (i.e., reactive oxygen species, Nrf2 signaling, and interactive networks of antioxidative stress responses) in response to the hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance. These findings demonstrate that hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance induce mitochondria-mediated damage and a resulting imbalance between oxidative and antioxidative stress responses in the gravid uterus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Yuehui Zhang
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine , Harbin , China
| | - Xiaozhu Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine , Harbin , China
| | - Wenyan Jia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine , Harbin , China
| | - Guoqi Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine , Harbin , China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Second Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine , Harbin , China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Peng Cui
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Amanda Nancy Sferruzzi-Perri
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge , Cambridge , United Kingdom
| | - Yanhua Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine , Harbin , China
| | - Xiaoke Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine , Harbin , China
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Mats Brännström
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Linus R Shao
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Håkan Billig
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
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90
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ROS-Induced GATA4 and GATA6 Downregulation Inhibits StAR Expression in LPS-Treated Porcine Granulosa-Lutein Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:5432792. [PMID: 31178965 PMCID: PMC6501234 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5432792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
LPS is a major endotoxin produced by gram-negative bacteria, and exposure to it commonly occurs in animal husbandry. Previous studies have shown that LPS infection disturbs steroidogenesis, including progesterone production, and subsequently decreases animal reproductive performance. However, little information about the underlying mechanisms is available thus far. In the present study, an in vitro-luteinized porcine granulosa cell model was used to study the underlying molecular mechanisms of LPS treatment. We found that LPS significantly inhibits progesterone production and downregulates the expressions of progesterone synthesis-associated genes (StAR, CYP11A1, and 3β-HSD). Furthermore, the levels of ROS were significantly increased in an LPS dose-dependent manner. Moreover, transcriptional factors GATA4 and GATA6, but not NR5A1, were significantly downregulated. Elimination of LPS-stimulated ROS by melatonin or vitamin C could restore the expressions of GATA4, GATA6, and StAR. In parallel, StAR expression was also inhibited by the knockdown of GATA4 and GATA6. Based on these data, we conclude that LPS impairs StAR expression via the ROS-induced downregulation of GATA4 and GATA6. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into the understanding of reproductive losses in animals suffering from bacterial infection and LPS exposure.
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91
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PGC-1α protects against oxidized low-density lipoprotein and luteinizing hormone-induced granulosa cells injury through ROS-p38 pathway. Hum Cell 2019; 32:285-296. [PMID: 30993568 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-019-00252-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) often suffer from ovulation failure, which may be driven by granulosa cells (GCs) injury caused by increased levels of circulating oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and luteinizing hormone (LH). PGC-1α may play an important role in this pathophysiological processes. However, the effect and the potential mechanism of PGC-1α on GCs injury evoked by obese PCOS is fully unclear. To investigate the protective effect and the potential mechanism of PGC-1α on GCs injury evoked by ox-LDL + LH stimulation. Patients with PCOS and women of normal reproductive age who undergoing egg retrievals and consenting for this research were collected. Those women were divided into normal-weight non-PCOS group, obese non-PCOS group, normal-weight PCOS group and obese PCOS group according to the body mass index (BMI) and PCOS diagnosis. Follicular fluid was collected and primary GCs were isolated. The levels of LH and ox-LDL in follicular fluid in the four groups were measured. And, the expressions of PGC-1α, cell apoptosis and ROS generation in primary GCs in the four groups were evaluated. After GCs from women of normal reproductive age at normal-weight pre-treated with adenovirus encoding PGC-1α (Ad-PGC-1α) prior to ox-LDL + LH treatment in vitro, the cell viability, apoptosis, apoptosis-related proteins expressions and ROS generation were evaluated by CCK-8 assay, AnnexinV/PI double staining, Western blot and H2DCF-DA staining, respectively. The expression of PGC-1α was significantly decreased, whereas the cell apoptosis and ROS generation were significantly increased in GCs of PCOS group, especially obese PCOS group. Our data also revealed that over-expression of PGC-1α in GCs from women of normal reproductive age at normal-weight markedly inhibited cell injury, ROS generation and p38 activation, accompanied by increased Bcl-2 expression, decreased Bax and cleaved caspase-3 expressions induced by ox-LDL + LH stimulation. Ox-LDL + LH-induced cell apoptosis was abrogated by attenuation of ROS generation or p38 activation. Attenuation of ROS generation reversed ox-LDL + LH-induced p38 activation, however, p38 inhibitors had an effect on ROS generation. Our findings suggested that PGC-1α protected against ox-LDL + LH-induced GCs injury through inhibiting cell apoptosis. And, the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of ROS-initiated p38 pathway. Our data indicated that PGC-1α may be a potential therapeutic target for obese PCOS.
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92
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Khadrawy O, Gebremedhn S, Salilew-Wondim D, Taqi MO, Neuhoff C, Tholen E, Hoelker M, Schellander K, Tesfaye D. Endogenous and Exogenous Modulation of Nrf2 Mediated Oxidative Stress Response in Bovine Granulosa Cells: Potential Implication for Ovarian Function. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1635. [PMID: 30986945 PMCID: PMC6480527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nrf2 is a redox sensitive transcription factor regulating the expression of antioxidant genes as defense mechanism against various stressors. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential role of noncoding miRNAs as endogenous and quercetin as exogenous regulators of Nrf2 pathway in bovine granulosa cells. For this cultured granulosa cells were used for modulation of miRNAs (miR-28, 153 and miR-708) targeting the bovine Nrf2 and supplementation of quercentin to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of the Nrf2 antioxidant system. Moreover, cultured cells were treated with hydrogen peroxide to induce oxidative stress in those cells. Our results showed that, oxidative stress activated the expression of Nrf2 as a defense mechanism, while suppressing the expression of those miRNAs. Overexpression of those miRNAs resulted in downregulation of Nrf2 expression resulted in higher ROS accumulation, reduced mitochondrial activity and cellular proliferation. Quercetin supplementation showed its protective role against oxidative stress induced by H₂O₂ by inducing the expression of antioxidant enzymes. In conclusion, this study highlighted the involvement of miR-153, miR-28 and miR-708 in regulatory network of Nrf2 mediated antioxidant system in bovine granulosa cells function. Furthermore, quercetin at a low dose played a protective role in bovine granulosa cells against oxidative stress damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Khadrawy
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, 53175 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Samuel Gebremedhn
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, 53175 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Dessie Salilew-Wondim
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, 53175 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Mohamed Omar Taqi
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, 53175 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Christiane Neuhoff
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, 53175 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Ernst Tholen
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, 53175 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Michael Hoelker
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, 53175 Bonn, Germany.
- Teaching and Research Station Frankenforst, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, 53639 Königswinter, Germany.
- Center of Integrated Dairy Research, University of Bonn, 53175 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Karl Schellander
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, 53175 Bonn, Germany.
- Center of Integrated Dairy Research, University of Bonn, 53175 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Dawit Tesfaye
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, 53175 Bonn, Germany.
- Center of Integrated Dairy Research, University of Bonn, 53175 Bonn, Germany.
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93
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Gilbert RO. Symposium review: Mechanisms of disruption of fertility by infectious diseases of the reproductive tract. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:3754-3765. [PMID: 30772031 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diseases of postpartum dairy cows impair reproductive processes, resulting in prolonged anestrus, reduced conception, and increased pregnancy attrition, regardless of whether the initial disease precedes insemination (even by many weeks), occurs close to insemination, or follows fertilization. Bacteria and their products activate pattern recognition receptors that respond to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP). These receptors include toll-like receptors (TLR), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors and others, and their activation culminates in upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor-α. These may have direct effects on the uterus and conceptus. Importantly, however, these inflammatory mediators, as well as the bacterial products, make their way to the ovary via the general circulation (even from distant sites) or possibly by using the countercurrent vascular mechanism that normally transports endometrial prostaglandin to the ipsilateral ovary. Endotoxin reaches concentrations in follicular fluid that exceed those found in the circulation or even in the infected uterus. Ovarian follicular cells also express TLR and can respond directly to bacterial products including endotoxin, impairing their function. Inflammation is accompanied by increased oxidative stress. The process of oocyte development from activation of primordial oocytes to potential ovulation spans 4 mo. Competence by an oocyte encompasses the ability to undergo not only fertilization but also a complex cytoplasmic maturation that lays the foundation for completion of meiosis at the appropriate time, the transition to mitosis in the zygote, and further development of the conceptus. Oocyte maturation relies on intimate association between cumulus cells and the oocyte, characterized by gap junctions through which molecules of various sizes pass. Signaling also occurs in the oocyte-to-cumulus cell direction. Because both granulosa and theca interna cells are capable of responding to inflammatory mediators, with observed alterations in some functions, it seems likely that disturbed ovarian follicular function may contribute to failure of oocytes to become fully competent, even if the insult occurs well before ovulation. Therefore, interruption of normal fertility by uterine infections may be mediated at the level of the uterine environment but the effect on the ovary and oocyte is likely to be even more important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert O Gilbert
- Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, PO Box 334, Basseterre, St. Kitts and Nevis, West Indies.
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94
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Wang T, Zhang J, Hu M, Zhang Y, Cui P, Li X, Li J, Vestin E, Brännström M, Shao LR, Billig H. Differential Expression Patterns of Glycolytic Enzymes and Mitochondria-Dependent Apoptosis in PCOS Patients with Endometrial Hyperplasia, an Early Hallmark of Endometrial Cancer, In Vivo and the Impact of Metformin In Vitro. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:714-725. [PMID: 30745857 PMCID: PMC6367580 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.31425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)-induced endometrial dysfunction are not fully understood, and although accumulating evidence shows that the use of metformin has beneficial effects in PCOS patients, the precise regulatory mechanisms of metformin on endometrial function under PCOS conditions have only been partially explored. To address these clinical challenges, this study aimed to assess the protein expression patterns of glycolytic enzymes, estrogen receptor (ER), and androgen receptor (AR) along with differences in mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in PCOS patients with and without endometrial hyperplasia in vivo and to investigate the effects of metformin in PCOS patients with endometrial hyperplasia in vitro. Here, we showed that compared to non-PCOS patients and PCOS patients without hyperplasia, the endometria from PCOS patients with hyperplasia had a distinct protein expression pattern of glycolytic enzymes, including pyruvate kinase isozyme M2 isoform (PKM2) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM). In PCOS patients with endometrial hyperplasia, increased glandular epithelial cell secretion and infiltrated stromal cells in the glands were associated with decreased PDH immunoreactivity in the epithelial cells. Using endometrial tissues from PCOS patients with hyperplasia, we found that in response to metformin treatment in vitro, hexokinase 2 (HK2) expression was decreased, whereas phosphofructokinase (PFK), PKM2, and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) expression was increased compared to controls. Although there was no change in PDH expression, metformin treatment increased the expression of TFAM and cleaved caspase-3. Moreover, our in vivo study showed that while endometrial ERβ expression was no different between non-PCOS and PCOS patients regardless of whether or not hyperplasia was present, ERα and AR protein expression was gradually increased in women with PCOS following the onset of endometrial hyperplasia. Our in vitro study showed that treatment with metformin inhibited ERα expression without affecting ERβ expression. Our findings suggest that decreased glycolysis and increased mitochondrial activity might contribute to the onset of ERα-dependent endometrial hyperplasia and that metformin might directly reverse impaired glycolysis and normalize mitochondrial function in PCOS patients with endometrial hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- The School of Basic Medical Science, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 150040 Harbin, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 150040 Harbin, China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Second Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 150040 Harbin, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510120 Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, 510120 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuehui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 150040 Harbin, China.,Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peng Cui
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 200011 Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, 200011 Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510120 Guangzhou, China
| | - Edvin Vestin
- The School of Basic Medical Science, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 150040 Harbin, China
| | - Mats Brännström
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Linus R Shao
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Håkan Billig
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
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95
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Mahajan N, Kaur J. Establishing an Anti-Müllerian Hormone Cutoff for Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Women of Reproductive Age-Bearing Indian Ethnicity Using the Automated Anti-Müllerian Hormone Assay. J Hum Reprod Sci 2019; 12:104-113. [PMID: 31293324 PMCID: PMC6594116 DOI: 10.4103/jhrs.jhrs_149_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosed by Rotterdam criteria, is the most common cause of anovulatory infertility. The criteria of polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) are subject to operator variability and technological advances. Serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level has been proposed as a more reliable alternative to antral follicle count. There is a paucity of data on use of AMH for diagnosis of PCOS in Indian women. Aim and Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine a cutoff level for AMH that could facilitate diagnosis of PCOS and its phenotypes in women of Indian origin using the automated (Roche) assay and to compare the competence of oocytes in PCOS and non-PCOS women undergoing in vitro fertilization-intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF-ICSI). Materials and Methodology: A total of 367 women undergoing treatment at our fertility center between February 2017 and August 2017 were prospectively enrolled in this study. Of these, 133 were diagnosed with PCOS, 69 had isolated PCOM, and 165 (controls) had normal ovaries on ultrasound examination. Serum AMH levels were assessed using the fully automated Roche Elecsys® immunoassay. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist protocol was used for IVF-ICSI in all patients. Statistical Analysis Used: Quantitative variables were compared using the Mann–Whitney test. Qualitative variables were correlated using the Chi-square test. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: Mean AMH concentrations in women with PCOS was higher (7.56 ± 4.36 ng/mL) in comparison to PCOM and controls. Serum AMH concentration >5.03 ng/mL could facilitate diagnosis of PCOS (area under the curve = 0.826); sensitivity –70.68%, specificity of 79.91%. There was no difference in the ratio of mature to total oocytes retrieved in the three groups (P > 0.05). Mean number of mature oocytes was lower in controls than PCOS and PCOM (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Serum AMH concentration >5.03 ng/mL could be used as cutoff value for the diagnosis of PCOS in women of Indian origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalini Mahajan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Mother and Child Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Jasneet Kaur
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Mother and Child Hospital, Delhi, India
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96
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Zhang H, Gao Z, Zhang Y, Wang H, Li Y. MiR-873-5p regulated LPS-induced oxidative stress via targeting heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in KGN cells. RSC Adv 2018; 8:39098-39105. [PMID: 35558291 PMCID: PMC9090657 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06697c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan Polytechnic University
- The Second People's Hospital of Jiaozuo
- Jiaozuo 454000
- China
| | - Zhengnan Gao
- Department of Endocrinology
- Dalian Municipal Centre Hospital
- Dalian 116033
- China
| | - Yanjie Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan Polytechnic University
- The Second People's Hospital of Jiaozuo
- Jiaozuo 454000
- China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Department of Endocrinology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan Polytechnic University
- The Second People's Hospital of Jiaozuo
- Jiaozuo 454000
- China
| | - Yongfeng Li
- Department of Endocrinology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan Polytechnic University
- The Second People's Hospital of Jiaozuo
- Jiaozuo 454000
- China
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97
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Regan SLP, Knight PG, Yovich JL, Leung Y, Arfuso F, Dharmarajan A. Granulosa Cell Apoptosis in the Ovarian Follicle-A Changing View. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:61. [PMID: 29551992 PMCID: PMC5840209 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies challenge the previous view that apoptosis within the granulosa cells of the maturing ovarian follicle is a reflection of aging and consequently a marker for poor quality of the contained oocyte. On the contrary, apoptosis within the granulosa cells is an integral part of normal development and has limited predictive capability regarding oocyte quality or the ensuing pregnancy rate in in vitro fertilization programs. This review article covers our revised understanding of the process of apoptosis within the ovarian follicle, its three phenotypes, the major signaling pathways underlying apoptosis as well as the associated mitochondrial pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheena L. P. Regan
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Sheena L. P. Regan,
| | - Phil G. Knight
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - John L. Yovich
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- PIVET Medical Centre, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Yee Leung
- Western Australian Gynaecologic Cancer Service, King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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