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Zarringam D, Bekkers JEJ, Saris DBF. Long-term Effect of Injection Treatment for Osteoarthritis in the Knee by Orthokin Autologous Conditioned Serum. Cartilage 2018; 9:140-145. [PMID: 29172669 PMCID: PMC5871127 DOI: 10.1177/1947603517743001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Orthokin is an intra-articular autologous conditioned serum (ACS). Its use might have a beneficial biological effect on pain and function of osteoarthritis in the knee. However, earlier studies lack any consensus on its clinical application and disease modifying effect. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term effect of Orthokin injection treatment on prevention of surgical treatment for end-stage knee osteoarthritis. Study Design Prospective cohort study. Methods Patients of the previously published Orthokin cohort were contacted to determine whether any intra-articular surgical intervention or osteotomy of the study knee had taken place during the past decade. A log-rank test was performed to evaluate the differences in the survival distribution for the 2 types of intervention: Orthokin versus placebo. Results The survival distributions for the 2 interventions were not statistically significantly different, χ2(1) = 2.069, P = 0.150. After 7.5 ± 3.9 years, 46.3% of the placebo and 40.3% of the Orthokin group had been treated surgically. Conclusion The use of Orthokin in knee osteoarthritis patients did not result in a delay regarding surgical treatment. Clinical Relevance The intra-articular use of Orthokin does not seem to prevent or delay surgical intervention at 10 years after treatment for end-stage knee osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danial Zarringam
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Daniel B. F. Saris
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands,Daniel B. F. Saris, Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Raman S, FitzGerald U, Murphy JM. Interplay of Inflammatory Mediators with Epigenetics and Cartilage Modifications in Osteoarthritis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:22. [PMID: 29594113 PMCID: PMC5861204 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative disease of diarthrodial joints, is influenced by mechanical and inflammatory factors with aging, obesity, chronic injuries, and secondary diseases thought to be major factors driving the process of articular cartilage degeneration. Chondrocytes, the cellular component of cartilage, reside in an avascular environment and normally have limited potential to replicate. However, extrinsic factors such as injury to the joint or intrinsic alterations to the chondrocytes themselves can lead to an altered phenotype and development of OA. Synovial inflammation is also a pivotal element of the osteoarthritic, degenerative process: influx of pro-inflammatory cytokines and production of matrix metalloproteinases accelerate advanced cellular processes such as synovitis and cartilage damage. As well as a genetic input, recent data have highlighted epigenetic factors as contributing to disease. Studies conducted over the last decade have focused on three key aspects in OA; inflammation and the immune response, genome-wide association studies that have identified important genes undergoing epigenetic modifications, and finally how chondrocytes transform in their function during development and disease. Data highlighted here have identified critical inflammatory genes involved in OA and how these factors impact chondrocyte hypertrophy in the disease. This review also addresses key inflammatory factors in synovial inflammation, epigenetics, and chondrocyte fate, and how agents that inhibit epigenetic mechanisms like DNA methylation and histone modifications could aid in development of long-term treatment strategies for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarna Raman
- Orthobiology, Regenerative Medicine Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Una FitzGerald
- School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - J Mary Murphy
- Orthobiology, Regenerative Medicine Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Choudhary D, Kothari P, Tripathi AK, Singh S, Adhikary S, Ahmad N, Kumar S, Dev K, Mishra VK, Shukla S, Maurya R, Mishra PR, Trivedi R. Spinacia oleracea extract attenuates disease progression and sub-chondral bone changes in monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis in rats. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:69. [PMID: 29463254 PMCID: PMC5819303 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2117-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background Spinacia oleracea is an important dietary vegetable in India and throughout the world and has many beneficial effects. It is cultivated globally. However, its effect on osteoarthritis that mainly targets the cartilage cells remains unknown. In this study we aimed to evaluate the anti-osteoarthritic and chondro-protective effects of SOE on chemically induced osteoarthritis (OA). Methods OA was induced by intra-patellar injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) at the knee joint in rats. SOE was then given orally at 250 and 500 mg.kg− 1 day− 1 doses for 28 days to these rats. Anti-osteoarthritic potential of SOE was evaluated by micro-CT, mRNA and protein expression of pro-inflammatory and chondrogenic genes, clinically relevant biomarker’s and behavioural experiments. Results In vitro cell free and cell based assays indicated that SOE acts as a strong anti-oxidant and an anti-inflammatory agent. Histological analysis of knee joints at the end of the experiment by safranin-o and toluidine blue staining established its protective effect. Radiological data corroborated the findings with improvement in the joint space and irregularity of the articular and atrophied femoral condyles and tibial plateau. Micro-CT analysis of sub-chondral bone indicated that SOE had the ability to mitigate OA effects by increasing bone volume to tissue volume (BV/TV) which resulted in decrease of trabecular pattern factor (Tb.Pf) by more than 200%. SOE stimulated chondrogenic marker gene expression with reduction in pro-inflammatory markers. Purified compounds isolated from SOE exhibited increased Sox-9 and Col-II protein expression in articular chondrocytes. Serum and urine analysis indicated that SOE had the potential to down-regulate glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, clinical markers of osteoarthritis like cartilage oligometric matrix protein (COMP) and CTX-II. Overall, this led to a significant improvement in locomotion and balancing activity in rats as assessed by Open-field and Rota rod test. Conclusion On the basis of in vitro and in vivo experiments performed with Spinacea oleracea extract we can deduce that SOE has the ability to alleviate the MIA induced deleterious effects. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-018-2117-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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54
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Yao W, Han Q, Wang L, Niu Z. Ropivacaine relieves pain and prevents chondrocyte degradation probably through Calcineurin/NFAT1 signaling pathway in osteoarthritis rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 818:518-524. [PMID: 29157984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Calcineurin/NFAT1 signaling pathway plays critical roles in maintaining the homeostasis of articular chondrocytes and in regulating the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). A few studies demonstrate therapeutic values of ropivacaine (Rop) in OA, but the underlying mechanisms have not been defined. Here, we determined whether Calcineurin/NFAT1 signaling pathway mediates the benefits of Rop to OA. OA rat models were established by a single intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate. The pathophysiology of OA was evaluated by measuring hyperalgesia behavior and the expression of NFAT1, calcineurin, catabolic enzymes in chondrocytes, and chondrogenic markers in affected articular cartilage and primary chondrocyte cultures treated with IL-1β. ROP was applied both in vivo and in vitro to examine its effects on the pathophysiology of OA. Hyperalgesia in OA rats was improved by intra-articular injection of Rop. Moreover, Rop suppressed the overexpression of NFAT1, calcineurin, TNF-α, IL-6, MMP1 and MMP3, and reversed the diminution of collagen II and aggrecan, in affected cartilage of OA rats. Similar effects of Rop were also observed in mouse chondrocyte cultures treated with IL-1β. In in vitro preparations, either activation (by increasing extracellular Ca2+) or inhibition (by cyclosporin A) of calcineurin blocked the effects of Rop. These results suggest that Rop may have therapeutic potential for OA in three aspects: analgesia, anti-inflammation, and anti-degradation of articular cartilage, probably via down-regulating calcineurin/NFAT1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No.16 Xinhua West Road, CangZhou City 061001, Hebei province, China.
| | - Qian Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No.16 Xinhua West Road, CangZhou City 061001, Hebei province, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No.16 Xinhua West Road, CangZhou City 061001, Hebei province, China
| | - Zhiqiang Niu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No.16 Xinhua West Road, CangZhou City 061001, Hebei province, China
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA), a chronic, debilitating and degenerative disease of the joints, is the most common form of arthritis. The seriousness of this prevalent and chronic disease is often overlooked. Disease modifying OA drug development is hindered by the lack of soluble biomarkers to detect OA early. The objective of OA biomarker research is to identify early OA prior to the appearance of radiographic signs and the development of pain. Areas covered: This review has focused on extracellular genomic material that could serve as biomarkers of OA. Recent studies have examined the expression of extracellular genomic material such as miRNA, lncRNA, snoRNA, mRNA and cell-free DNA, which are aberrantly expressed in the body fluids of OA patients. Changes in genomic content of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in OA could also function as biomarkers of OA. Expert commentary: There is an unmet need for soluble biomarkers for detecting and then monitoring OA disease progression. Extracellular genomic material research may also reveal more about the underlying pathophysiology of OA. Minimally-invasive liquid biopsies such as synovial fluid and blood sampling of genomic material may be more sensitive over radiography in the detection, diagnosis and monitoring of OA in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Budd
- a The D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery, School of Veterinary Medicine , University of Surrey , Guildford , UK.,b Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Surrey , Guildford , UK
| | - Giovanna Nalesso
- b Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Surrey , Guildford , UK
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- a The D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery, School of Veterinary Medicine , University of Surrey , Guildford , UK.,b Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Surrey , Guildford , UK.,c Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis , Queen's Medical Centre , Nottingham , UK
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Mathiessen A, Slatkowsky-Christensen B, Kvien TK, Haugen IK, Berner Hammer H. Ultrasound-detected osteophytes predict the development of radiographic and clinical features of hand osteoarthritis in the same finger joints 5 years later. RMD Open 2017; 3:e000505. [PMID: 28879056 PMCID: PMC5574448 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2017-000505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Structural pathology may be present in joints without radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis (OA). Ultrasound is a sensitive tool for early detection of osteophytes. Our aim was to explore whether ultrasound-detected osteophytes (in radiographically and clinically normal finger joints) predicted the development of radiographic and clinical hand OA 5 years later. Methods We included finger joints without radiographic OA (Kellgren-Lawrence grade (KLG)=0; n=301) or no clinical bony enlargements (n=717) at baseline and examined whether ultrasound-detected osteophytes predicted incident radiographic OA (KLG ≥1, osteophytes or joint space narrowing (JSN)) or incident clinical bony enlargement (dependent variables) in the same joints 5 years later. We applied logistic regression with generalised estimating equations adjusted for age, sex, body mass index and follow-up time. Results Ultrasound demonstrated osteophytes in 86/301 (28.6%) joints without radiographic OA and 392/717 (54.7%) joints without clinical bony enlargement. These osteophytes were confirmed in the majority of joints where MRI assessment was available. Significant associations were found between ultrasound-detected osteophytes and development of both radiographic OA (OR=4.1, 95% CI 2.0 to 8.1) and clinical bony enlargement (OR=3.5, 95% CI 2.4 to 5.1) and also incident radiographic osteophytes (OR=4.2, 95% CI 2.1 to 8.5) and JSN (OR=5.3, 95% CI 2.1 to 13.4). Conclusion Ultrasound-detected osteophytes predicted incident radiographic and clinical hand OA 5 years later. These results support the use of ultrasound for early detection of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Mathiessen
- Department of Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Tore K Kvien
- Department of Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ida K Haugen
- Department of Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Philp AM, Davis ET, Jones SW. Developing anti-inflammatory therapeutics for patients with osteoarthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2017; 56:869-881. [PMID: 27498352 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kew278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OA is the most common joint disorder in the world, but there are no approved therapeutics to prevent disease progression. Historically, OA has been considered a wear-and-tear joint disease, and efforts to identify and develop disease-modifying therapeutics have predominantly focused on direct inhibition of cartilage degeneration. However, there is now increasing evidence that inflammation is a key mediator of OA joint pathology, and also that the link between obesity and OA is not solely due to excessive load-bearing, suggesting therefore that targeting inflammation in OA could be a rewarding therapeutic strategy. In this review we therefore re-evaluate historical clinical trial data on anti-inflammatory therapeutics in OA patients, highlight some of the more promising emerging therapeutic targets and discuss the implications for future clinical trial design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh M Philp
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Medical School, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham
| | - Edward T Davis
- The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol Road South, Northfield, Birmingham
| | - Simon W Jones
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Medical School, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham
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58
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Jeong JW, Lee HH, Kim J, Choi EO, Hwang-Bo H, Kim HJ, Kim MY, Ahn KI, Kim GY, Lee KW, Kim KY, Kim SG, Hong SH, Park C, Cha HJ, Choi YH. Mori Folium water extract alleviates articular cartilage damages and inflammatory responses in monosodium iodoacetate‑induced osteoarthritis rats. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:3841-3848. [PMID: 29067461 PMCID: PMC5646961 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mori folium, the leaf of Morus alba L. (Moraceae), has been widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases. It has been recently reported that Mori folium possesses potential chondroprotective effects in interleukin (IL)-1β-stimulated human chondrocytes; however, its protective and therapeutic potential against osteoarthritis (OA) in an animal model remains unclear. In this study, as part of an ongoing screening program to evaluate the anti-osteoarthritic potential of Mori folium, the protective effects of a water extract of Mori folium (MF) on cartilage degradation and inflammatory responses in a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA rat model were evaluated. The results demonstrated that administration of MF had a tendency to attenuate the damage to articular cartilage induced by MIA, as determined by knee joint swelling and the histological grade of OA. The elevated levels of matrix metalloproteinases-13 and two bio-markers for the diagnosis and progression of OA, such as the cartilage oligomeric matrix protein and C-telopeptide of type II collagen, were markedly ameliorated by MF administration in MIA-induced OA rats. In addition, MF significantly suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α. MF also effectively inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, thus inhibiting the release of NO and prostaglandin E2. Although further work is required to fully understand the critical role and clinical usefulness, these findings indicate that MF may be a potential therapeutic option for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Woo Jeong
- Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease and Anti‑Aging Research Center, Dongeui University, Busan 614‑714, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Hyeon Lee
- Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease and Anti‑Aging Research Center, Dongeui University, Busan 614‑714, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsik Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 602‑702, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ok Choi
- Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease and Anti‑Aging Research Center, Dongeui University, Busan 614‑714, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Hwang-Bo
- Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease and Anti‑Aging Research Center, Dongeui University, Busan 614‑714, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Jae Kim
- Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease and Anti‑Aging Research Center, Dongeui University, Busan 614‑714, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Kim
- Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease and Anti‑Aging Research Center, Dongeui University, Busan 614‑714, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Im Ahn
- Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease and Anti‑Aging Research Center, Dongeui University, Busan 614‑714, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690‑756, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Won Lee
- Research Institute, Bio‑Port Korea, Inc., Marine Bio‑industry Development Center, Busan 619‑912, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Young Kim
- Research Institute, Bio‑Port Korea, Inc., Marine Bio‑industry Development Center, Busan 619‑912, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Goo Kim
- Research Institute, Bio‑Port Korea, Inc., Marine Bio‑industry Development Center, Busan 619‑912, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hyun Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 614‑052, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences and Human Ecology, Dongeui University, Busan 614‑714, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jae Cha
- Department of Parasitology and Genetics, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 602‑702, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease and Anti‑Aging Research Center, Dongeui University, Busan 614‑714, Republic of Korea
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Zhou JY, Luo L, Zhu LL, Yin HY, Wu Q, Peng JX, Zhang CS, Lv P, Tang Y, Yu SG. Moxibustion versus diclofenac sodium gel for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: a study protocol for a double-blinded, double-placebo, randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e012879. [PMID: 28404609 PMCID: PMC5719646 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Knee osteoarthritis is a common form of arthritis in elderly patients that is characterised by pain and functional limitation. Moxibustion has been employed to relieve chronic pain as an alternative therapy for knee osteoarthritis. However, the evidence of its efficacy is equivocal due to the low methodological quality in most clinical studies. Therefore, we are performing a double-blinded, double-placebo, randomised controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of moxibustion in participants with knee osteoarthritis. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a multicentre, double-blinded, double-placebo, randomised controlled clinical trial. 144 eligible participants with knee osteoarthritis will be randomly assigned to two different groups in a 1:1 ratio. Participants in the moxibustion group will undergo active moxibustion plus placebo gel, whereas participants in the control group will receive diclofenac sodium gel plus placebo moxibustion. Each participant will receive 12 sessions of active/placebo moxibustion at three acupoints (ST35, ST36 and EX-LE4) as well as 2 months of follow-up. Diclofenac sodium gel or placebo gel at a dose of 4 g per knee will be applied three times per day for 4 weeks. The primary outcome measure will be the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score change at the end of the intervention period from baseline. The secondary outcome measures include changes of other subscales (pain, stiffness and function) of WOMAC, visual analogue scale and patient globalassessment. The safety of moxibustion and diclofenac sodium gel will be assessed at every visit. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This trial has been approved by the Sichuan Regional Ethics Review Committee (permission number: 2015KL-014). The results of this study are expected to provide clinical evidence on the efficacy of moxibustion for pain relief and physical function improvement in patients with knee osteoarthritis. The findings will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed medical journals and presented at relevant academic conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02769572.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ying Zhou
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Luo
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin-Lin Zhu
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai-Yan Yin
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiaofeng Wu
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Xi Peng
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng-Shun Zhang
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Lv
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Tang
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu-Guang Yu
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Jeong JW, Kim J, Choi EO, Kwon DH, Kong GM, Choi IW, Kim BH, Kim GY, Lee KW, Kim KY, Kim SG, Choi YW, Hong SH, Park C, Choi YH. Schisandrae Fructus ethanol extract ameliorates inflammatory responses and articular cartilage damage in monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis in rats. EXCLI JOURNAL 2017; 16:265-277. [PMID: 28507472 PMCID: PMC5427464 DOI: 10.17179/excli2017-119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Schisandrae Fructus, the fruit of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill., is widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of a number of chronic diseases. Although, Schisandrae Fructus was recently reported to attenuate the interleukin (IL)-1β-induced inflammatory response in chondrocytes in vitro, its protective and therapeutic potential against osteoarthritis (OA) in an animal model remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effects of the ethanol extract of Schisandrae Fructus (SF) on inflammatory responses and cartilage degradation in a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA rat model. Our results demonstrated that administration with SF had a tendency to attenuate MIA-induced damage of articular cartilage as determined by a histological grade of OA. SF significantly suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α in MIA-induced OA rats. SF also effectively inhibited expression of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, thereby inhibiting the release of NO and prostaglandin E2. In addition, the elevated levels of matrix metalloproteinases-13 and two biomarkers for diagnosis and progression of OA, such as cartilage oligomeric matrix protein and C-telopeptide of type II collagen, were markedly ameliorated by SF administration. These findings indicate that SF could be a potential candidate for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Woo Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 614-052, Republic of Korea.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University, Busan 614-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsik Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 602-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ok Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 614-052, Republic of Korea.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University, Busan 614-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Hye Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 614-052, Republic of Korea.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University, Busan 614-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Min Kong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Whan Choi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum Hoi Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 614-052, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Won Lee
- Research Institute, Bio-Port Korea INC, MarineBio-industry Development Center, Busan 619-912, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Young Kim
- Research Institute, Bio-Port Korea INC, MarineBio-industry Development Center, Busan 619-912, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Goo Kim
- Research Institute, Bio-Port Korea INC, MarineBio-industry Development Center, Busan 619-912, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Whan Choi
- Department of Horticultural Bioscience, College of Natural Resource and Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hyun Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 614-052, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences and Human Ecology, Dongeui University, Busan 614-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 614-052, Republic of Korea.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University, Busan 614-714, Republic of Korea
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Mobasheri A, Bay-Jensen AC, van Spil WE, Larkin J, Levesque MC. Osteoarthritis Year in Review 2016: biomarkers (biochemical markers). Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2017; 25:199-208. [PMID: 28099838 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2016.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this "Year in Review" article is to summarize and discuss the implications of biochemical marker related articles published between the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) 2015 Congress in Seattle and the OARSI 2016 Congress in Amsterdam. METHODS The PubMed/MEDLINE bibliographic database was searched using the combined keywords: 'biomarker' and 'osteoarthritis'. The PubMed/MEDLINE literature search was conducted using the Advanced Search Builder function (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/advanced). RESULTS Over two hundred new biomarker-related papers were published during the literature search period. Some papers identified new biomarkers whereas others explored the biological properties and clinical utility of existing markers. There were specific references to several adipocytokines including leptin and adiponectin. ADAM Metallopeptidase with Thrombospondin Type 1 motif 4 (ADAMTS-4) and aggrecan ARGS neo-epitope fragment (ARGS) in synovial fluid (SF) and plasma chemokine (CeC motif) ligand 3 (CCL3) were reported as potential new knee biomarkers. New and refined proteomic technologies and novel assays including a fluoro-microbead guiding chip (FMGC) for measuring C-telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX-II) in serum and urine and a novel magnetic nanoparticle-based technology (termed magnetic capture) for collecting and concentrating CTX-II, were described this past year. CONCLUSION There has been steady progress in osteoarthritis (OA) biomarker research in 2016. Several novel biomarkers were identified and new technologies have been developed for measuring existing biomarkers. However, there has been no "quantum leap" this past year and identification of novel early OA biomarkers remains challenging. During the past year, OARSI published a set of recommendations for the use of soluble biomarkers in clinical trials, which is a major step forward in the clinical use of OA biomarkers and bodes well for future OA biomarker development.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mobasheri
- Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7AL, United Kingdom; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Duke of Kent Building, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, United Kingdom.
| | - A-C Bay-Jensen
- Rheumatology, Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - W E van Spil
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J Larkin
- C3 DPU, Immunoinflammation Therapeutic Area, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA, 19406, United States
| | - M C Levesque
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, MA, 01605, United States
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Fellows CR, Matta C, Zakany R, Khan IM, Mobasheri A. Adipose, Bone Marrow and Synovial Joint-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Cartilage Repair. Front Genet 2016; 7:213. [PMID: 28066501 PMCID: PMC5167763 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2016.00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Current cell-based repair strategies have proven unsuccessful for treating cartilage defects and osteoarthritic lesions, consequently advances in innovative therapeutics are required and mesenchymal stem cell-based (MSC) therapies are an expanding area of investigation. MSCs are capable of differentiating into multiple cell lineages and exerting paracrine effects. Due to their easy isolation, expansion, and low immunogenicity, MSCs are an attractive option for regenerative medicine for joint repair. Recent studies have identified several MSC tissue reservoirs including in adipose tissue, bone marrow, cartilage, periosteum, and muscle. MSCs isolated from these discrete tissue niches exhibit distinct biological activities, and have enhanced regenerative potentials for different tissue types. Each MSC type has advantages and disadvantages for cartilage repair and their use in a clinical setting is a balance between expediency and effectiveness. In this review we explore the challenges associated with cartilage repair and regeneration using MSC-based cell therapies and provide an overview of phenotype, biological activities, and functional properties for each MSC population. This paper also specifically explores the therapeutic potential of each type of MSC, particularly focusing on which cells are capable of producing stratified hyaline-like articular cartilage regeneration. Finally we highlight areas for future investigation. Given that patients present with a variety of problems it is unlikely that cartilage regeneration will be a simple "one size fits all," but more likely an array of solutions that need to be applied systematically to achieve regeneration of a biomechanically competent repair tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Csaba Matta
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of SurreyGuildford, UK
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecen, Hungary
| | - Roza Zakany
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecen, Hungary
| | - Ilyas M. Khan
- Centre for NanoHealth, Swansea University Medical SchoolSwansea, UK
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of SurreyGuildford, UK
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Queen's Medical CentreNottingham, UK
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King AbdulAziz UniversityJeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Sheik Salem Bin Mahfouz Scientific Chair for Treatment of Osteoarthritis with Stem Cells, King AbdulAziz UniversityJeddah, Saudi Arabia
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The genus Rosa and arthritis: Overview on pharmacological perspectives. Pharmacol Res 2016; 114:219-234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Changes in the osteochondral unit during osteoarthritis: structure, function and cartilage-bone crosstalk. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2016; 12:632-644. [PMID: 27652499 DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2016.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 501] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In diarthrodial joints, the articular cartilage, calcified cartilage, and subchondral cortical and trabecular bone form a biocomposite - referred to as the osteochondral unit - that is uniquely adapted to the transfer of load. During the evolution of the osteoarthritic process the compositions, functional properties, and structures of these tissues undergo marked alterations. Although pathological processes might selectively target a single joint tissue, ultimately all of the components of the osteochondral unit will be affected because of their intimate association, and thus the biological and physical crosstalk among them is of great importance. The development of targeted therapies against the osteoarthritic processes in cartilage or bone will, therefore, require an understanding of the state of these joint tissues at the time of the intervention. Importantly, these interventions will not be successful unless they are applied at the early stages of disease before considerable structural and functional alterations occur in the osteochondral unit. This Review describes the changes that occur in bone and cartilage during the osteoarthritic process, and highlights strategies for how this knowledge could be applied to develop new therapeutic interventions for osteoarthritis.
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Robinson WH, Lepus CM, Wang Q, Raghu H, Mao R, Lindstrom TM, Sokolove J. Low-grade inflammation as a key mediator of the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2016; 12:580-92. [PMID: 27539668 DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2016.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 819] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) has long been viewed as a degenerative disease of cartilage, but accumulating evidence indicates that inflammation has a critical role in its pathogenesis. Furthermore, we now appreciate that OA pathogenesis involves not only breakdown of cartilage, but also remodelling of the underlying bone, formation of ectopic bone, hypertrophy of the joint capsule, and inflammation of the synovial lining. That is, OA is a disorder of the joint as a whole, with inflammation driving many pathologic changes. The inflammation in OA is distinct from that in rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases: it is chronic, comparatively low-grade, and mediated primarily by the innate immune system. Current treatments for OA only control the symptoms, and none has been FDA-approved for the prevention or slowing of disease progression. However, increasing insight into the inflammatory underpinnings of OA holds promise for the development of new, disease-modifying therapies. Indeed, several anti-inflammatory therapies have shown promise in animal models of OA. Further work is needed to identify effective inhibitors of the low-grade inflammation in OA, and to determine whether therapies that target this inflammation can prevent or slow the development and progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H Robinson
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.,Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Center for Clinical Sciences Research (CCSR) 4135, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Christin M Lepus
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.,Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Center for Clinical Sciences Research (CCSR) 4135, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Qian Wang
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.,Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Center for Clinical Sciences Research (CCSR) 4135, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Harini Raghu
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.,Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Center for Clinical Sciences Research (CCSR) 4135, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Rong Mao
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.,Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Center for Clinical Sciences Research (CCSR) 4135, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Tamsin M Lindstrom
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.,Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Center for Clinical Sciences Research (CCSR) 4135, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Jeremy Sokolove
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.,Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Center for Clinical Sciences Research (CCSR) 4135, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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Deveza LA, Hunter DJ. Pain Relief for an Osteoarthritic Knee in the Elderly: A Practical Guide. Drugs Aging 2016; 33:11-20. [PMID: 26659733 DOI: 10.1007/s40266-015-0331-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In view of the increasing prevalence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) in the population worldwide, optimal management is critical to decrease the burden of this condition and minimize disability and personal suffering. Current care is based on a sequence of non-pharmacological, pharmacological, and surgical modalities, targeted to improving pain and function in the elderly population. The aim of this article is to provide a practical view of the efficacy of therapeutic options available along with clinically relevant considerations on the management of knee OA in this demographic group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia A Deveza
- Rheumatology Department, Royal North Shore Hospital and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Reserve Road, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - David J Hunter
- Rheumatology Department, Royal North Shore Hospital and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Reserve Road, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW, 2065, Australia.
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The Need for Predictive, Prognostic, Objective and Complementary Blood-Based Biomarkers in Osteoarthritis (OA). EBioMedicine 2016; 7:4-6. [PMID: 27322444 PMCID: PMC4909481 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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Strain-induced mechanotransduction through primary cilia, extracellular ATP, purinergic calcium signaling, and ERK1/2 transactivates CITED2 and downregulates MMP-1 and MMP-13 gene expression in chondrocytes. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2016; 24:892-901. [PMID: 26687824 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the strain-induced signaling pathways involved in regulating the transactivation of the transcription regulator Cbp/p300 Interacting Transactivator with ED-rich tail 2 (CITED2) and downstream targets in chondrocytes. METHODS Primary human chondrocytes or C28/I2 chondrocytic cells were subjected to various strain regimes. C57BL/6 mice were subjected to treadmill running. Loss-of-function was carried out using siRNA or inhibitors specific for targeted molecules. mRNA levels were assayed by RT-qPCR, and proteins by western blotting, immunofluorescence, and/or immunohistochemical staining. CITED2 promoter activity was assayed in chondrocytes using wild-type or mutant constructs. RESULTS Cyclic strain at 5%, 1 Hz induced CITED2 expression and suppressed expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and -13 at the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels in human chondrocytes. Abolishing primary cilia through knockdown of intraflagellar transport protein (IFT88) attenuated CITED2 gene expression and decreased protein levels. Similar effects were observed with inhibitors of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or P2 purinergic receptors, or antagonists of Ca(2+) signaling. Knockdown of IFT88 in articular chondrocytes in vivo diminished treadmill induced-CITED2 expression and upregulated MMPs. Knockdown of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)1α, specificity protein 1 (Sp1), or deletion of the shear stress response element (SSRE) in the CITED2 promoter limited cyclic strain-induced transactivation of CITED2. However, the strain induced-transactivation of CITED2 was abolished only on knockdown of HIF1α, Sp1, and SSRE or by loss-of-function of IFT88 or extracellular-signal-regulated kinases (ERK)1/2. CONCLUSIONS CITED2 transactivation is a critical event in signaling generated by strain and transduced by primary cilia, extracellular ATP, P2 purinergic receptors, and Ca(2+) signaling. Strain-induced CITED2 transactivation requires HIF1α, Sp1, and an intact SSRE and leads to the downregulation of MMPs such as MMP-1 and MMP-13.
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Matta C, Zhang X, Liddell S, Smith JR, Mobasheri A. Label-free proteomic analysis of the hydrophobic membrane protein complement in articular chondrocytes: a technique for identification of membrane biomarkers. Biomarkers 2016; 20:572-89. [PMID: 26864288 PMCID: PMC4819840 DOI: 10.3109/1354750x.2015.1130191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT There is insufficient knowledge about the chondrocyte membranome and its molecular composition. OBJECTIVE To develop a Triton X-114 based separation technique using nanoLC-MS/MS combined with shotgun proteomics to identify chondrocyte membrane proteins. MATERIALS AND METHODS Articular chondrocytes from equine metacarpophalangeal joints were separated into hydrophobic and hydrophilic fractions; trypsin-digested proteins were analysed by nanoLC-MS/MS. RESULTS A total of 315 proteins were identified. The phase extraction method yielded a high proportion of membrane proteins (56%) including CD276, S100-A6 and three VDAC isoforms. DISCUSSION Defining the chondrocyte membranome is likely to reveal new biomarker targets for conventional and biological drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Matta
- a Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences , School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey , Guildford , Surrey , UK .,b Department of Anatomy , Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- c Proteomics Laboratory, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham , Sutton Bonington , UK
| | - Susan Liddell
- c Proteomics Laboratory, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham , Sutton Bonington , UK
| | | | - Ali Mobasheri
- a Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences , School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey , Guildford , Surrey , UK .,e Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, Medical Research Council and Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre , Nottingham , UK , and.,f Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King Fahd Medical Research Centre (KFMRC), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King AbdulAziz University , Jeddah , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
Chondrocytes, the single cell type in adult articular cartilage, have conventionally been considered to be non-excitable cells. However, recent evidence suggests that their resting membrane potential (RMP) is less negative than that of excitable cells, and they are fully equipped with channels that control ion, water and osmolyte movement across the chondrocyte membrane. Amongst calcium-specific ion channels, members of the voltage-dependent calcium channel (VDCC) family are expressed in chondrocytes where they are functionally active. L-type VDCC inhibitors such as nifedipine and verapamil have contributed to our understanding of the roles of these ion channels in chondrogenesis, chondrocyte signalling and mechanotransduction. In this narrative review, we discuss published data indicating that VDCC function is vital for chondrocyte health, especially in regulating proliferation and maturation. We also highlight the fact that activation of VDCC function appears to accompany various inflammatory aspects of osteoarthritis (OA) and, based on in vitro data, the application of nifedipine and/or verapamil may be a promising approach for ameliorating OA severity. However, very few studies on clinical outcomes are available regarding the influence of calcium antagonists, which are used primarily for treating cardiovascular conditions in OA patients. This review is intended to stimulate further research on the chondrocyte 'channelome', contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies and facilitate the retargeting and repositioning of existing pharmacological agents currently used for other comorbidities for the treatment of OA.
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Kim C, Jeon OH, Kim DH, Chae JJ, Shores L, Bernstein N, Bhattacharya R, Coburn JM, Yarema KJ, Elisseeff JH. Local delivery of a carbohydrate analog for reducing arthritic inflammation and rebuilding cartilage. Biomaterials 2015; 83:93-101. [PMID: 26773662 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by articular cartilage degradation. Because OA has a multifactorial nature and complex interrelationship of the individual elements of a whole joint, there is a need for comprehensive therapeutic approaches for cartilage tissue engineering, which simultaneously address multiple aspects of disease etiology. In this work, we investigated a multifunctional carbohydrate-based drug candidate, tri-butanoylated N-acetyl-D-galactosamine analog (3,4,6-O-Bu3GalNAc) that induced cartilage tissue production by human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and human OA chondrocytes by modulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling activity. The dual effects promoted chondrogenesis of human MSC and reduced inflammation of human OA chondrocytes in in vitro cultures. Translating these findings in vivo, we evaluated therapeutic effect of 3,4,6-O-Bu3GalNAc on the rat model of posttraumatic OA when delivered via local intra-articular sustained-release delivery using microparticles and found this method to be efficacious in preventing OA progression. These results show that 3,4,6-O-Bu3GalNAc, a disease modifying OA drug candidate, has promising therapeutic potential for articular cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaekyu Kim
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Ok Hee Jeon
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Do Hun Kim
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - J Jeremy Chae
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Lucas Shores
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Nicholas Bernstein
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Rahul Bhattacharya
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Jeannine M Coburn
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Kevin J Yarema
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Jennifer H Elisseeff
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevailing form of joint disease, with symptoms affecting 10 - 12% of the adult population with a projection of a 50% increase in prevalence in the next two decades. The disease characteristics are defined by articular cartilage damage, low-grade synovial inflammation and hypertrophic bone changes, leading to pain and functional deterioration. To date, available pain treatments are limited in their efficacy and have associated toxicities. No structural disease modification agents have been approved by regulatory agencies for this indication. AREAS COVERED We reviewed drugs in Phase II - III for OA pain and joint structure modification. Different aspects of structure modification are divided into targets of inflammatory pathway, cartilage catabolism and anabolism, and subchondral bone remodeling. EXPERT OPINION Further insight into the pathophysiology of the disease will allow for development of novel target classes focusing on the link between symptomatology and structural changes. Given the complexity of OA, one single therapy is unlikely to be universally and uniformly effective. Promising therapies are under development, but there are obstacles in the translation of treatment from preclinical models and trial designs need to be cognizant of the complex reasons for previous trial failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Pei-Chun Yu
- a 1 Royal North Shore Hospital, Department of Rheumatology , St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Sydney, Australia
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Tsolis KC, Bei ES, Papathanasiou I, Kostopoulou F, Gkretsi V, Kalantzaki K, Malizos K, Zervakis M, Tsezou A, Economou A. Comparative proteomic analysis of hypertrophic chondrocytes in osteoarthritis. Clin Proteomics 2015; 12:12. [PMID: 25945082 PMCID: PMC4415313 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-015-9085-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multi-factorial disease leading progressively to loss of articular cartilage and subsequently to loss of joint function. While hypertrophy of chondrocytes is a physiological process implicated in the longitudinal growth of long bones, hypertrophy-like alterations in chondrocytes play a major role in OA. We performed a quantitative proteomic analysis in osteoarthritic and normal chondrocytes followed by functional analyses to investigate proteome changes and molecular pathways involved in OA pathogenesis. Methods Chondrocytes were isolated from articular cartilage of ten patients with primary OA undergoing knee replacement surgery and six normal donors undergoing fracture repair surgery without history of joint disease and no OA clinical manifestations. We analyzed the proteome of chondrocytes using high resolution mass spectrometry and quantified it by label-free quantification and western blot analysis. We also used WebGestalt, a web-based enrichment tool for the functional annotation and pathway analysis of the differentially synthesized proteins, using the Wikipathways database. ClueGO, a Cytoscape plug-in, is also used to compare groups of proteins and to visualize the functionally organized Gene Ontology (GO) terms and pathways in the form of dynamical network structures. Results The proteomic analysis led to the identification of a total of ~2400 proteins. 269 of them showed differential synthesis levels between the two groups. Using functional annotation, we found that proteins belonging to pathways associated with regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, EGF/EGFR, TGF-β, MAPK signaling, integrin-mediated cell adhesion, and lipid metabolism were significantly enriched in the OA samples (p ≤10−5). We also observed that the proteins GSTP1, PLS3, MYOF, HSD17B12, PRDX2, APCS, PLA2G2A SERPINH1/HSP47 and MVP, show distinct synthesis levels, characteristic for OA or control chondrocytes. Conclusion In this study we compared the quantitative changes in proteins synthesized in osteoarthritic compared to normal chondrocytes. We identified several pathways and proteins to be associated with OA chondrocytes. This study provides evidence for further testing on the molecular mechanism of the disease and also propose proteins as candidate markers of OA chondrocyte phenotype. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12014-015-9085-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos C Tsolis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology - FoRTH, Iraklio, Greece ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ekaterini S Bei
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Technical Univ. of Crete, Chania, Greece
| | - Ioanna Papathanasiou
- Department of Biology, University of Thessaly, Faculty of Medicine, Larissa, Greece ; Institute for Research & Technology-Thessaly/Centre for Research & Technology-Hellas (CE.R.T.H), Larissa, Greece
| | - Fotini Kostopoulou
- Department of Biology, University of Thessaly, Faculty of Medicine, Larissa, Greece ; Institute for Research & Technology-Thessaly/Centre for Research & Technology-Hellas (CE.R.T.H), Larissa, Greece
| | - Vassiliki Gkretsi
- Institute for Research & Technology-Thessaly/Centre for Research & Technology-Hellas (CE.R.T.H), Larissa, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Kalantzaki
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Technical Univ. of Crete, Chania, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Malizos
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Thessaly, Faculty of Medicine, Larissa, Greece
| | - Michalis Zervakis
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Technical Univ. of Crete, Chania, Greece
| | - Aspasia Tsezou
- Department of Biology, University of Thessaly, Faculty of Medicine, Larissa, Greece ; Institute for Research & Technology-Thessaly/Centre for Research & Technology-Hellas (CE.R.T.H), Larissa, Greece
| | - Anastassios Economou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology - FoRTH, Iraklio, Greece ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Emerging targets in osteoarthritis therapy. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2015; 22:51-63. [PMID: 25863583 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a destructive joint disease in which the initiation may be attributed to direct injury and mechanical disruption of joint tissues, but the progressive changes are dependent on active cell-mediated processes that can be observed or inferred during the generally long time-course of the disease. Based on clinical observations and experimental studies, it is now recognized a that it is possible for individual patients to exhibit common sets of symptoms and structural abnormalities due to distinct pathophysiological pathways that act independently or in combination. Recent research that has focused on the underlying mechanisms involving biochemical cross talk among the cartilage, synovium, bone, and other joint tissues within a background of poorly characterized genetic factors will be addressed in this review.
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Abstract
Arthritic diseases are a major cause of disability and morbidity, and cause an enormous burden for health and social care systems globally. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis. The key risk factors for the development of OA are age, obesity, joint trauma or instability. Metabolic and endocrine diseases can also contribute to the pathogenesis of OA. There is accumulating evidence to suggest that OA is a whole-organ disease that is influenced by systemic mediators, inflammaging, innate immunity and the low-grade inflammation induced by metabolic syndrome. Although all joint tissues are implicated in disease progression in OA, articular cartilage has received the most attention in the context of aging, injury and disease. There is increasing emphasis on the early detection of OA as it has the capacity to target and treat the disease more effectively. Indeed it has been suggested that this is the era of "personalized prevention" for OA. However, the development of strategies for the prevention of OA require new and sensitive biomarker tools that can detect the disease in its molecular and pre-radiographic stage, before structural and functional alterations in cartilage integrity have occurred. There is also evidence to support a role for biomarkers in OA drug discovery, specifically the development of disease modifying osteoarthritis drugs. This Special Issue of Biomarkers is dedicated to recent progress in the field of OA biomarkers. The papers in this Special Issue review the current state-of-the-art and discuss the utility of OA biomarkers as diagnostic and prognostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mobasheri
- Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey,
Guildford,
UK
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Duke of Kent Building, University of Surrey,
Guildford, Surrey,
UK
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, Medical Research Council and Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Queen’s Medical Centre,
Nottingham,
UK
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King Fahd Medical Research Center (KFMRC), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University,
Jeddah,
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yves Henrotin
- Bone and Cartilage Research Unit, Arthropole Liege, Department of Motricity Sciences, Institute of Pathology, University of Liege,
Liege,
Belgium
- Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Department, Princess Paola Hospital,
Marche-en-Famenne,
Belgium
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77
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Abstract
Biological therapy is a thriving area of research and development, and is well established for chronic forms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). However, there is no clinically validated biological therapy for osteoarthritis (OA). Chronic forms of OA are increasingly viewed as an inflammatory disease. OA was largely regarded as a “wear and tear disease”. However, the disease is now believed to involve “low grade” inflammation and the growth of blood vessels and nerves from the subchondral bone into articular cartilage. This realization has focused research effort on the development and evaluation of biological therapy that targets proinflammatory mediators, angiogenic factors and cytokines in articular cartilage, subchondral bone and synovium in chronic forms of OA. This review article provides an overview of emerging biological therapy for OA, and discusses recent molecular targets implicated in angiogenesis and neurogenesis and progress with antibody-based therapy, calcitonin, and kartogenin, the small molecule stimulator of chondrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mobasheri
- D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK,
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78
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Mobasheri A, Kalamegam G, Musumeci G, Batt ME. Chondrocyte and mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies for cartilage repair in osteoarthritis and related orthopaedic conditions. Maturitas 2014; 78:188-98. [PMID: 24855933 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2014.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) represents a final and common pathway for all major traumatic insults to synovial joints. OA is the most common form of degenerative joint disease and a major cause of pain and disability. Despite the global increase in the incidence of OA, there are no effective pharmacotherapies capable of restoring the original structure and function of damaged articular cartilage. Consequently cell-based and biological therapies for osteoarthritis (OA) and related orthopaedic disorders have become thriving areas of research and development. Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) has been used for treatment of osteoarticular lesions for over two decades. Although chondrocyte-based therapy has the capacity to slow down the progression of OA and delay partial or total joint replacement surgery, currently used procedures are associated with the risk of serious adverse events. Complications of ACI include hypertrophy, disturbed fusion, delamination, and graft failure. Therefore there is significant interest in improving the success rate of ACI by improving surgical techniques and preserving the phenotype of the primary chondrocytes used in the procedure. Future tissue-engineering approaches for cartilage repair will also benefit from advances in chondrocyte-based repair strategies. This review article focuses on the structure and function of articular cartilage and the pathogenesis of OA in the context of the rising global burden of musculoskeletal disease. We explore the challenges associated with cartilage repair and regeneration using cell-based therapies that use chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). This paper also explores common misconceptions associated with cell-based therapy and highlights a few areas for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mobasheri
- The D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Duke of Kent Building, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, United Kingdom(1); Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom; Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, The University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council and Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, The University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom; Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King Fahd Medical Research Center (KFMRC), King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Gauthaman Kalamegam
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King Fahd Medical Research Center (KFMRC), King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Bio-medical Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, Catania 95125, Italy
| | - Mark E Batt
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom; Centre for Sports Medicine, West Block C Floor, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
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79
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Sun R, Zhang B, Chen L, Sun J. Role of nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Exp Ther Med 2013; 7:195-198. [PMID: 24348789 PMCID: PMC3861032 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2013.1390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of joint disease in middle-aged individuals and the elderly. Previous studies have shown that the overexpression of matrix-degrading proteinases and proinflammatory cytokines is associated with the degradation of osteoarthritic cartilage. However, the transcription factors involved remain unclear. The present study aimed to determine the expression levels of nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFAT1), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in patients with OA, and to validate the role of NFAT1 in the pathogenesis of OA. The expression levels of NFAT1, IL-1β and TNF-α in chondrocytes in the cartilage of patients with OA and healthy individuals were evaluated using western blot analysis. A luciferase reporter assay was performed to determine the activity of NFAT1 in primary human chondrocytes that were transfected with pNFAT1-luc plasmid and stimulated by IL-1β. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to detect the levels of TNF-α, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, MMP-3 and MMP-9 in the supernatant of cultured chondrocytes in which the NFAT1 was silenced. The expression levels of NFAT1, IL-1β and TNF-α in the cartilage of patients with OA were higher than those of the controls. IL-1β induced the expression of NFAT1 in primary chondrocytes. The expression levels of TNF-α, MMP-1, -3 and -9 promoted by IL-1β were decreased in NFAT1-silenced chondrocytes. In conclusion, NFAT1 may be important in the pathogenesis of OA and calcineurin-NFAT inhibitors may be potential effective agents for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongbin Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China ; Department of Orthopedics, The Second People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Junying Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
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