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Wang D, Wang Y, Tian W, Pan J. Advances of tooth-derived stem cells in neural diseases treatments and nerve tissue regeneration. Cell Prolif 2019; 52:e12572. [PMID: 30714230 PMCID: PMC6536383 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nerous system diseases, both central and peripheral, bring an incredible burden onto patients and enormously reduce their quality of life. Currently, there are still no effective treatments to repair nerve lesions that do not have side effects. Stem cell-based therapies, especially those using dental stem cells, bring new hope to neural diseases. Dental stem cells, derived from the neural crest, have many characteristics that are similar to neural cells, indicating that they can be an ideal source of cells for neural regeneration and repair. This review summarizes the neural traits of all the dental cell types, including DPSCs, PDLCs, DFCs, APSCs and their potential applications in nervous system diseases. We have summed up the advantages of dental stem cells in neural repair, such as their neurotrophic and neuroprotective traits, easy harvest and low rejective reaction rate, among others. Taken together, dental stem cells are an ideal cell source for neural tissue regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianri Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yuhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
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Li Y, Nan X, Zhong TY, Li T, Li A. Treatment of Periodontal Bone Defects with Stem Cells from Inflammatory Dental Pulp Tissues in Miniature Swine. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 16:191-200. [PMID: 30989045 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-018-00175-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Containing a certain proportion of mesenchymal stem cells, inflammatory dental tissue showed great tissue regeneration potential in recent years. However, whether it is applicable to promote tissue regeneration in vivo remains to be elucidated. Therefore, we evaluated the feasibility of stem cells from inflammatory dental pulp tissues (DPSCs-IPs) to reconstruct periodontal defects in miniature pigs. Methods The autologous pig DPSCs-IPs were first cultured, appraised and loaded onto β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). The compounds were then engrafted into an artificially-created periodontal defect. Three months later, the extent of periodontal regeneration was evaluated. Clinical examination, radiological examination and immunohistochemical staining were used to assess periodontal regeneration. Results The data collectively showed that DPSCs-IPs from miniature pigs expressed moderate to high levels of STRO-1 and CD146 as well as low levels of CD34 and CD45. DPSCs-IPs have osteogentic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation abilities. DPSCs-IPs were engrafted onto β-TCP and regenerated bone to repair periodontal defects by 3 months' post-surgical reconstruction. Conclusion Autologous DPSCs-IPs may be a feasible means of periodontal regeneration in miniature pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Li
- 1Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi China.,2Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi Wu Road No. 98, Xi'an, 710004 Shaanxi China
| | - Xi Nan
- 2Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi Wu Road No. 98, Xi'an, 710004 Shaanxi China
| | - Tian-Yu Zhong
- 3Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi Wu Road No. 98, Xi'an, 710004 Shaanxi China
| | - Tong Li
- 1Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi China.,3Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi Wu Road No. 98, Xi'an, 710004 Shaanxi China
| | - Ang Li
- 1Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi China.,2Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi Wu Road No. 98, Xi'an, 710004 Shaanxi China
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Murgia D, Mauceri R, Campisi G, De Caro V. Advance on Resveratrol Application in Bone Regeneration: Progress and Perspectives for Use in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E94. [PMID: 30857241 PMCID: PMC6468380 DOI: 10.3390/biom9030094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural polyphenol Resveratrol (RSV) claims numerous positive effects on health due to the well documented biological effects demonstrating its potential as a disease-preventing agent and as adjuvant for treatment of a wide variety of chronic diseases. Since several studies, both in vitro and in vivo, have highlighted the protective bone aptitude of RSV both as promoter of osteoblasts' proliferation and antagonist of osteoclasts' differentiation, they could be interesting in view of applications in the field of dentistry and maxillofacial surgery. This review has brought together experimental findings on the use of RSV in the regeneration of bone tissue comprising also its application associated with scaffolds and non-transfusional hemocomponents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Murgia
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Rodolfo Mauceri
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Campisi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Viviana De Caro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
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Tao R, Li YX, Liu YK, Liu F, Zhou ZY. Profiling lncRNA alterations during TNF‑α induced osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:2831-2836. [PMID: 30720070 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The multipotent and easily accessible characteristics of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) make them a promising target for bone tissue engineering. Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have an important role in the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Nevertheless, whether lncRNAs are involved in the osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs remains unclear. The present study examined the expression alterations of lncRNAs in tumor necrosis factor‑α induced osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs. Following identification of differentially expressed lncRNAs at different time points by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction, profiling analysis was performed and a profile was further validated, in which lncRNA expression levels demonstrated significant upregulation. The next generation sequencing analysis identified 77 (58 upregulated and 19 downregulated) and 133 differentially expressed lncRNAs (73 upregulated and 60 downregulated) at 7 and 14 days post‑treatment, respectively. In addition, 34 lncRNAs were predicted to be strongly associated with 336 mRNA transcripts that underwent significant alterations during osteogenic differentiation. The present data demonstrated that one lncRNA, X inactive specific transcript, is essential for efficient osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs by alkaline phosphatase staining. In summary, the present findings provide insight for the understanding of how non‑coding RNAs are involved in regulating the osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs, which may further advance the translational studies of bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Tao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Xi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Ke Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Fan Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Yu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
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Aydin S, Şahin F. Stem Cells Derived from Dental Tissues. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1144:123-132. [DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Abstract
Adult stem cells are excellent cell resource for cell therapy and regenerative medicine. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have been discovered and well known in various application. Here, we reviewed the history of dental pulp stem cell study and the detail experimental method including isolation, culture, cryopreservation, and the differentiation strategy to different cell lineage. Moreover, we discussed the future potential application of the combination of tissue engineering and of DPSC differentiation. This review will help the new learner to quickly get into the DPSC filed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianrui Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062 Hubei China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, 610072 China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062 Hubei China
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Marrelli M, Codispoti B, Shelton RM, Scheven BA, Cooper PR, Tatullo M, Paduano F. Dental Pulp Stem Cell Mechanoresponsiveness: Effects of Mechanical Stimuli on Dental Pulp Stem Cell Behavior. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1685. [PMID: 30534086 PMCID: PMC6275199 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp is known to be an accessible and important source of multipotent mesenchymal progenitor cells termed dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). DPSCs can differentiate into odontoblast-like cells and maintain pulp homeostasis by the formation of new dentin which protects the underlying pulp. DPSCs similar to other mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reside in a niche, a complex microenvironment consisting of an extracellular matrix, other local cell types and biochemical stimuli that influence the decision between stem cell (SC) self-renewal and differentiation. In addition to biochemical factors, mechanical factors are increasingly recognized as key regulators in DPSC behavior and function. Thus, microenvironments can significantly influence the role and differentiation of DPSCs through a combination of factors which are biochemical, biomechanical and biophysical in nature. Under in vitro conditions, it has been shown that DPSCs are sensitive to different types of force, such as uniaxial mechanical stretch, cyclic tensile strain, pulsating fluid flow, low-intensity pulsed ultrasound as well as being responsive to biomechanical cues presented in the form of micro- and nano-scale surface topographies. To understand how DPSCs sense and respond to the mechanics of their microenvironments, it is essential to determine how these cells convert mechanical and physical stimuli into function, including lineage specification. This review therefore covers some aspects of DPSC mechanoresponsivity with an emphasis on the factors that influence their behavior. An in-depth understanding of the physical environment that influence DPSC fate is necessary to improve the outcome of their therapeutic application for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Marrelli
- Stem Cells Unit, Biomedical Section, Tecnologica Research Institute and Marrelli Health, Crotone, Italy
| | - Bruna Codispoti
- Stem Cells Unit, Biomedical Section, Tecnologica Research Institute and Marrelli Health, Crotone, Italy
| | - Richard M. Shelton
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ben A. Scheven
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Paul R. Cooper
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Tatullo
- Stem Cells Unit, Biomedical Section, Tecnologica Research Institute and Marrelli Health, Crotone, Italy
| | - Francesco Paduano
- Stem Cells Unit, Biomedical Section, Tecnologica Research Institute and Marrelli Health, Crotone, Italy
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Scaffolds Fabricated from Natural Polymers/Composites by Electrospinning for Bone Tissue Regeneration. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1078:49-78. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-0950-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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59
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Jiménez NT, Carlos Munévar J, González JM, Infante C, Lara SJP. In vitro response of dental pulp stem cells in 3D scaffolds: A regenerative bone material. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00775. [PMID: 30263971 PMCID: PMC6156910 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional-porous scaffolds of bone graft substitutes play a critical role in both cell targeting and transplantation strategies. These scaffolds provide surfaces that facilitate the response of stem cells related to attachment, survival, migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro behavior of human dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells cultured on scaffolds of polylactic/polyglycolic acid with and without hydroxyapatite. Method We performed an in vitro experimental study using dental pulp stem cells obtained from samples of premolars, molars. The cells were cultured on scaffolds with osteogenic differentiation medium. Cell proliferation, adhesion and cell differentiation to an osteoblastic linage in the biomaterial were evaluated at three different time points: 7, 15 and 30 days. Each experiment was performed in triplicate. Analysis of the data was performed with the Split Plot block and MANOVA model. Results The differentiation capability of hDPSCs towards the osteoblast lineage was better in the scaffold of PLGA/HA at 7, 15 and 30 days, as indicated by the high expression of osteogenic markers RUNX2, ALP, OPN and COL-I, compared with differentiation in the PLGA scaffold. No statistically significant differences were found in cell adhesion between the two types of scaffolds. Conclusion The PLGA/HA scaffold provided better physical and chemical signals, as judged by the ability of dental pulp stem cells to adhere, proliferate and differentiate toward the osteogenic lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nury Tatiana Jiménez
- Master in Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan Carlos Munévar
- Unit of Oral Basic Investigation, School of Dentistry, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - José Manuel González
- Master in Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Clementina Infante
- Master in Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
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Fu Q, Ren H, Zheng C, Zhuang C, Wu T, Qin J, Wang Z, Chen Y, Qi N. Improved osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells in a layer-by-layer-modified gelatin scaffold. J Biomater Appl 2018; 33:477-487. [PMID: 30217134 DOI: 10.1177/0885328218799162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cell is a new type of mesenchymal stem cell that has a potential for tissue regeneration. Gelatin sponges are often used for hemostasis in dental surgery. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the dental pulp stem cells' proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in different layer-by-layer-modified gelatin sponge scaffolds including the G, G + P (gelatin sponge+ poly-l-lysine modification), G + M (gelatin sponge + mineralization modification), and G + M + P (gelatin sponge + mineralization modification + poly-l-lysine modification) groups in vitro and assessed them in vivo. The results showed that dental pulp stem cells had a great potential for osteogenic differentiation. In vitro, the G + M + P group not only enhanced the adhesion and proliferation of dental pulp stem cells but also facilitated their osteogenic differentiation. However, alkaline phosphatase activity was prohibited after modification. In vivo, both dental pulp stem cells and cells from nude mice grew well on the scaffold, and G + M and G + M + P groups could promote the mineralization deposit formation and the expression of osteocalcin in osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells. In conclusion, the combination of dental pulp stem cells and G + M + P scaffold has a great potential for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fu
- 1 Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaijuan Ren
- 2 China Stem Cell Therapy Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Zheng
- 3 Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Chao Zhuang
- 1 Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Wu
- 3 Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Jinyan Qin
- 2 China Stem Cell Therapy Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Nianmin Qi
- 3 Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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Dehghani Nazhvani A, Ahzan S, Hosseini SM, Attar A, Monabati A, Tavangar MS. Purification of Stem Cells from Oral Pyogenic Granuloma Tissue. Open Dent J 2018; 12:560-566. [PMID: 30197695 PMCID: PMC6118039 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601812010560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The isolation of stem cells from pathologically damaged dental tissues has been examined only by a few studies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possibility of isolation of stem cells from pyogenic granuloma. Methods: Pyogenic granuloma tissues were enzymatically digested and the resulting single cells were cultured. Then, the cultured cells differentiated into adipocytes and osteoblasts cells. Flow cytometry analyses were performed on markers such as CD 90, CD 73, CD105, CD 45 and CD14. Other features were also analyzed including the effect of colony formation and potentials of differentiation into adipocytes and osteoblasts. Results: The cells derived from pyogenic granuloma tissue formed higher colonies similar to typical spindle-shaped fibroblasts. The cells were positive for mesenchymal markers such as CD 44, CD 271, CD 90, and CD 73, and negative for surface molecules such as CD 14, CD 34 and CD 45. Moreover, they successfully differentiated into adipocytes and osteoblasts. Conclusion: The cells isolated from pyogenic granuloma could form CFU fibroblastic units expressing an appropriate marker panel of the cell surface antigen and adequate differentiation potential, all of which met the Cell Therapy International Association criteria for the definition of mesenchymal stromal cells. Pyogenic granuloma contains cells with stem cell properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Dehghani Nazhvani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Biomaterials Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shamsedin Ahzan
- Students' Research Committee, Cellular and Molecular Research Club, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed-Mojtaba Hosseini
- Students' Research Committee, Cellular and Molecular Research Club, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Club, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Armin Attar
- Cellular and Molecular Research Club, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Monabati
- Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Molecular Pathology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Sadat Tavangar
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Yuan M, Zhan Y, Hu W, Li Y, Xie X, Miao N, Jin H, Zhang B. Aspirin promotes osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:1967-1976. [PMID: 30085338 PMCID: PMC6108875 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) possess self‑renewal and osteogenic differentiation properties, and have been used for orofacial bone regeneration and periodontal treatment. Aspirin has been demonstrated to enhance the regeneration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs); however, the impact of aspirin on the osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs remains unknown. In the present study, hDPSCs were characterized by flow cytometry, while their clonogenic potential and multipotency were assessed using alizarin red, Oil red O and alcian blue staining. The effect of aspirin on hDPSC viability was assessed using Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay. Osteogenic capacity was examined by alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin red staining, reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Furthermore, in vivo cranial defects were established in Sprague‑Dawley rats to evaluate the effect of aspirin on hDPSC‑based bone regeneration. Anorganic bovine bone was used as a bone replacement material and as the carrier for hDPSCs. New bone formation was observed through radiographic and histological analysis. The study demonstrated that hDPSCs expressed MSC markers and possessed multipotency in vitro. Aspirin was non‑toxic to hDPSCs at a concentration of ≤100 µg/ml and enhanced the osteogenesis of hDPSCs in vitro. Aspirin significantly increased hDPSC‑based bone formation in the rat cranial defect model at 8 or 12 weeks post‑implantation (P<0.05). The data suggested that aspirin promotes the osteogenic potential of hDPSCs in vitro and in vivo. Overall, the present study indicated that aspirin improves the bone regeneration capacity of hDPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengtong Yuan
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Yuanbo Zhan
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Weiping Hu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Xie
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Nan Miao
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Han Jin
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
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Dual-functionalized calcium nanocomplexes for transfection of cancerous and stem cells: Low molecular weight polycation-mediated colloidal stability and ATP-mediated endosomal release. J IND ENG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2018.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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64
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Perez JR, Kouroupis D, Li DJ, Best TM, Kaplan L, Correa D. Tissue Engineering and Cell-Based Therapies for Fractures and Bone Defects. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:105. [PMID: 30109228 PMCID: PMC6079270 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone fractures and segmental bone defects are a significant source of patient morbidity and place a staggering economic burden on the healthcare system. The annual cost of treating bone defects in the US has been estimated to be $5 billion, while enormous costs are spent on bone grafts for bone injuries, tumors, and other pathologies associated with defective fracture healing. Autologous bone grafts represent the gold standard for the treatment of bone defects. However, they are associated with variable clinical outcomes, postsurgical morbidity, especially at the donor site, and increased surgical costs. In an effort to circumvent these limitations, tissue engineering and cell-based therapies have been proposed as alternatives to induce and promote bone repair. This review focuses on the recent advances in bone tissue engineering (BTE), specifically looking at its role in treating delayed fracture healing (non-unions) and the resulting segmental bone defects. Herein we discuss: (1) the processes of endochondral and intramembranous bone formation; (2) the role of stem cells, looking specifically at mesenchymal (MSC), embryonic (ESC), and induced pluripotent (iPSC) stem cells as viable building blocks to engineer bone implants; (3) the biomaterials used to direct tissue growth, with a focus on ceramic, biodegradable polymers, and composite materials; (4) the growth factors and molecular signals used to induce differentiation of stem cells into the osteoblastic lineage, which ultimately leads to active bone formation; and (5) the mechanical stimulation protocols used to maintain the integrity of the bone repair and their role in successful cell engraftment. Finally, a couple clinical scenarios are presented (non-unions and avascular necrosis—AVN), to illustrate how novel cell-based therapy approaches can be used. A thorough understanding of tissue engineering and cell-based therapies may allow for better incorporation of these potential therapeutic approaches in bone defects allowing for proper bone repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose R Perez
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Dimitrios Kouroupis
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.,Diabetes Research Institute & Cell Transplant Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Deborah J Li
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Thomas M Best
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Lee Kaplan
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Diego Correa
- Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.,Diabetes Research Institute & Cell Transplant Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
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Barbier L, Ramos E, Mendiola J, Rodriguez O, Santamaria G, Santamaria J, Arteagoitia I. Autologous dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells for inferior third molar post-extraction socket healing: A split-mouth randomised clinical trial. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2018; 23:e469-e477. [PMID: 29924768 PMCID: PMC6051678 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.22466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Since the discovery of adult mesenchymal stem cells extensive research has been conducted to determine their mechanisms of differentiation and effectiveness in cell therapy and regenerative medicine. Material and Methods To assess the efficacy of autologous dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells delivered in a collagen matrix for post-extraction socket healing, a single-centre, double-blind, randomised, split-mouth, controlled clinical trial was performed. Both impacted mandibular third molars were extracted from 32 patients. Dental pulp was collected and dissociated; the resulting cell suspension, obtained by centrifugation, was incorporated into a resorbable collagen matrix and implanted in 32 experimental post-extraction sockets. Collagen matrices alone were implanted in 32 contralateral, control post-extraction sockets. Two neuroradiologists independently assessed the extent of bone repair at 6 months after the extractions. Computed tomography (CT, Philips Brilliance) and an advanced display platform (IntelliSpace Portal) was used to record extraction socket density, expressed as Hounsfield units (HU) and height (mm) of the distal interdental bone septum of the second molar. Measurements at 6 months post-extraction were compared with measurements obtained immediately after extraction. Data were analysed with the statistical program STATA 14. Results Two patients dropped out of the study. The final sample consisted of 22 women and 8 men (mean age, 23 years; range: 18–30 years). Clinical, radiological, and surgical characteristics of impacted third molars of the control and experimental groups were homogeneous. Measurements obtained by the two neuroradiologists showed agreement. No significant differences were found in the extent of bone repair during analyses of density (p=0.4203 neuroradiologist 1; p=0.2525 neuroradiologist 2) or interdental septum height (p=0.2280 neuroradiologist 1; p=0.4784 neuroradiologist 2). Conclusions In our clinical trial, we were unable to demonstrate that autologous dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells reduce socket bone resorption after inferior third molar extraction. Key words:Clinical trial, autologous, pulpal stem cells, extraction socket healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Barbier
- University of Basque Country, Departamento de Estomatologia, c/ Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia,
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Di Benedetto A, Posa F, De Maria S, Ravagnan G, Ballini A, Porro C, Trotta T, Grano M, Muzio LL, Mori G. Polydatin, Natural Precursor of Resveratrol, Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:944-952. [PMID: 30008608 PMCID: PMC6036093 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.24111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone loss and fractures are consequences of aging, diseases or traumas. Furthermore the increased number of aged people, due to the rise of life expectancy, needs more strategies to limit the bone loss and regenerate the lost tissue, ameliorating the life quality of patients. A great interest for non-pharmacological therapies based on natural compounds is emerging and focusing on the oligostilbene Polydatin, present in many kinds of fruits and vegetables, when resveratrol particularly in red wines. These molecules have been extensively studied due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, showing more recently Resveratrol the ability to enhance osteogenic differentiation and bone formation. However, the clinical applications of Resveratrol are limited due to its low bioavailability and rapid metabolism, while its natural glycosilated precursor Polydatin shows better metabolic stability and major abundance in fresh fruits and vegetables. Nevertheless the role of Polydatin on osteogenic differentiation is still unexplored. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from dental tissues, such as dental bud stem cells (DBSCs), are able to differentiate toward osteogenic lineage: thus we investigated how Resveratrol and Polydatin influence the differentiation of DBSCs, eventually affecting bone formation. Our results showed that Polydatin increases MSCs osteogenic differentiation sharing similar properties with Resveratrol. These results encourage to deepen the effects of this molecule on bone health and its associated mechanisms of action, wishing for the future a successful use in bone loss prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Di Benedetto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesca Posa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
- Max Planck Institute for Medical Research and Institute of Physical Chemistry, Department of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Salvatore De Maria
- Glures srl. Unità Operativa di Napoli, spin off accademico dell'Università di Venezia Cà Foscari, Italy
| | - Giampietro Ravagnan
- Glures srl. Unità Operativa di Napoli, spin off accademico dell'Università di Venezia Cà Foscari, Italy
| | - Andrea Ballini
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Organs of Senses, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara Porro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Teresa Trotta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Grano
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lo Muzio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mori
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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67
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Guazzo R, Gardin C, Bellin G, Sbricoli L, Ferroni L, Ludovichetti FS, Piattelli A, Antoniac I, Bressan E, Zavan B. Graphene-Based Nanomaterials for Tissue Engineering in the Dental Field. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E349. [PMID: 29783786 PMCID: PMC5977363 DOI: 10.3390/nano8050349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The world of dentistry is approaching graphene-based nanomaterials as substitutes for tissue engineering. Apart from its exceptional mechanical strength, electrical conductivity and thermal stability, graphene and its derivatives can be functionalized with several bioactive molecules. They can also be incorporated into different scaffolds used in regenerative dentistry, generating nanocomposites with improved characteristics. This review presents the state of the art of graphene-based nanomaterial applications in the dental field. We first discuss the interactions between cells and graphene, summarizing the available in vitro and in vivo studies concerning graphene biocompatibility and cytotoxicity. We then highlight the role of graphene-based nanomaterials in stem cell control, in terms of adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. Particular attention will be given to stem cells of dental origin, such as those isolated from dental pulp, periodontal ligament or dental follicle. The review then discusses the interactions between graphene-based nanomaterials with cells of the immune system; we also focus on the antibacterial activity of graphene nanomaterials. In the last section, we offer our perspectives on the various opportunities facing the use of graphene and its derivatives in associations with titanium dental implants, membranes for bone regeneration, resins, cements and adhesives as well as for tooth-whitening procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Guazzo
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy.
| | - Chiara Gardin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
- Maria Pia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 10132 Torino, Italy.
| | - Gloria Bellin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
- Maria Pia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 10132 Torino, Italy.
| | - Luca Sbricoli
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy.
| | - Letizia Ferroni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
- Maria Pia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 10132 Torino, Italy.
| | | | - Adriano Piattelli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Iulian Antoniac
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060032 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Eriberto Bressan
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy.
| | - Barbara Zavan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48033 Ravenna, Italy.
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68
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Dental Pulp Stem Cells - Exploration in a Novel Animal Model: the Tasmanian Devil (Sarcophilus harrisii). Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 14:500-509. [PMID: 29737458 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9814-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) are a heterogeneous population of highly proliferative stem cells located in the soft inner pulp tissue of the tooth. Demonstrated to have an affinity for neural differentiation, DPSC have been reported to generate functional Schwann cells (SC) through in vitro differentiation. Both DPSC and SC have neural crest origins, recently a significant population of DPSC have been reported to derive from peripheral nerve-associated glia. The predisposition DPSC have towards the SC lineage is not only a very useful tool for neural regenerative therapies in the medical field, it also holds great promise in the veterinary field. Devil Facial Tumour (DFT) is a clonally transmissible cancer of SC origin responsible for devastating wild populations of the Tasmanian devil. Very few studies have investigated the healthy Tasmanian devil SC (tdSC) for comparative studies between tdSC and DFT cells, and the development and isolation of a tdSC population is yet to be undertaken. A Tasmanian devil DPSC model offers a promising new outlook for DFT research, and the link between SC and DPSC may provide a potential explanation as to how a cancerous SC initially arose in a single Tasmanian devil to then go on to infect others as a parasitic clonal cell line. In this review we explore the current role of DPSC in human regenerative medicine, provide an overview of the Tasmanian devil and the devastating effect of DFT, and highlight the promising potential DPSC techniques pose for DFT research and our current understanding of DFT.
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69
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Marei MK, El Backly RM. Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Translational Regenerative Dentistry: From Artificial to Biological Replacement. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:49. [PMID: 29770323 PMCID: PMC5941981 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dentistry is a continuously changing field that has witnessed much advancement in the past century. Prosthodontics is that branch of dentistry that deals with replacing missing teeth using either fixed or removable appliances in an attempt to simulate natural tooth function. Although such "replacement therapies" appear to be easy and economic they fall short of ever coming close to their natural counterparts. Complications that arise often lead to failures and frequent repairs of such devices which seldom allow true physiological function of dental and oral-maxillofacial tissues. Such factors can critically affect the quality of life of an individual. The market for dental implants is continuously growing with huge economic revenues. Unfortunately, such treatments are again associated with frequent problems such as peri-implantitis resulting in an eventual loss or replacement of implants. This is particularly influential for patients having co-morbid diseases such as diabetes or osteoporosis and in association with smoking and other conditions that undoubtedly affect the final treatment outcome. The advent of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine therapies along with the enormous strides taken in their associated interdisciplinary fields such as stem cell therapy, biomaterial development, and others may open arenas to enhancing tissue regeneration via designing and construction of patient-specific biological and/or biomimetic substitutes. This review will overview current strategies in regenerative dentistry while overviewing key roles of dental mesenchymal stem cells particularly those of the dental pulp, until paving the way to precision/translational regenerative medicine therapies for future clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona K Marei
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.,Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rania M El Backly
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.,Endodontics, Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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70
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Moradi SL, Golchin A, Hajishafieeha Z, Khani M, Ardeshirylajimi A. Bone tissue engineering: Adult stem cells in combination with electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6509-6522. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh L. Moradi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Ali Golchin
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Zahra Hajishafieeha
- Department of Microbiology Qazvin University of Medical Sciences Qazvin Iran
| | - Mohammad‐Mehdi Khani
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Abdolreza Ardeshirylajimi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Saint Louis University School of Medicine Saint Louis MO
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71
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Meshram M, Anchlia S, Shah H, Vyas S, Dhuvad J, Sagarka L. Buccal Fat Pad-Derived Stem Cells for Repair of Maxillofacial Bony Defects. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2018; 18:112-123. [PMID: 30728702 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-018-1106-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of buccal fat pad-derived stem cells (BFPSCs) as a source for full thickness bone defect repair secondary to pathology in maxilla or mandible. Methods Fat-derived stem cells were isolated from buccal fat pad, differentiated into osteocytes in osteogenic medium, and seeded onto human bone defects. Autologous buccal fat pad was harvested and BFPSCs cultured within 4-6 weeks. Bone defects secondary to enucleation of pathologic cyst or tumors were reconstructed with osteogenically differentiated fat-derived stem cells. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining for osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase and genotypic and phenotypic marker analysis, and histomorphometric measurements of new bone were performed. Results Maxillofacial bone defects were successfully reconstructed by BFPSCs, which after implantation at an in vivo site yielded faster osseous regeneration. BFPSCs were associated with superior bone density formation, better blending of margins with enhanced bone trabecular formation, well-organized and well-vascularized lamellar bone with Haversian channels and osteocytes resulting in superior functional and cosmetic results with better quality of life and with significant decrease in secondary complications. Conclusion Buccal fat pad is an ideal tool in the hands of an oral and maxillofacial surgeon for tissue engineering and clinical use requiring bone tissue growth and repair, secondary to large osseous defects. This study demonstrates the feasibility of reconstructing bony defects with fat-derived stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsu Meshram
- 117, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government of Dental College and Hospital, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad-16, India
| | - Sonal Anchlia
- 117, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government of Dental College and Hospital, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad-16, India
| | - Harsh Shah
- 117, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government of Dental College and Hospital, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad-16, India
| | - Siddharth Vyas
- 117, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government of Dental College and Hospital, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad-16, India
| | - Jigar Dhuvad
- 117, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government of Dental College and Hospital, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad-16, India
| | - Lalit Sagarka
- 117, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government of Dental College and Hospital, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad-16, India
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72
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Anitua E, Troya M, Zalduendo M. Progress in the use of dental pulp stem cells in regenerative medicine. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:479-498. [PMID: 29449086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The field of tissue engineering is emerging as a multidisciplinary area with promising potential for regenerating new tissues and organs. This approach requires the involvement of three essential components: stem cells, scaffolds and growth factors. To date, dental pulp stem cells have received special attention because they represent a readily accessible source of stem cells. Their high plasticity and multipotential capacity to differentiate into a large array of tissues can be explained by its neural crest origin, which supports applications beyond the scope of oral tissues. Many isolation, culture and cryopreservation protocols have been proposed that are known to affect cell phenotype, proliferation rate and differentiation capacity. The clinical applications of therapies based on dental pulp stem cells demand the development of new biomaterials suitable for regenerative purposes that can act as scaffolds to handle, carry and implant stem cells into patients. Currently, the development of xeno-free culture media is emerging as a means of standardization to improve safe and reproducibility. The present review aims to describe the current knowledge of dental pulp stem cells, considering in depth the key aspects related to the characterization, establishment, maintenance and cryopreservation of primary cultures and their involvement in the multilineage differentiation potential. The main clinical applications for these stem cells and their combination with several biomaterials is also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Anitua
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology UIRMI, UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua, Vitoria, Spain.
| | - María Troya
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology UIRMI, UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Mar Zalduendo
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology UIRMI, UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua, Vitoria, Spain
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73
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Leyendecker Junior A, Gomes Pinheiro CC, Lazzaretti Fernandes T, Franco Bueno D. The use of human dental pulp stem cells for in vivo bone tissue engineering: A systematic review. J Tissue Eng 2018; 9:2041731417752766. [PMID: 29375756 PMCID: PMC5777558 DOI: 10.1177/2041731417752766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp represents a promising and easily accessible source of mesenchymal stem cells for clinical applications. Many studies have investigated the use of human dental pulp stem cells and stem cells isolated from the dental pulp of human exfoliated deciduous teeth for bone tissue engineering in vivo. However, the type of scaffold used to support the proliferation and differentiation of dental stem cells, the animal model, the type of bone defect created, and the methods for evaluation of results were extremely heterogeneous among these studies conducted. With this issue in mind, the main objective of this study is to present and summarize, through a systematic review of the literature, in vivo studies in which the efficacy of human dental pulp stem cells and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) for bone regeneration was evaluated. The article search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science databases. Original research articles assessing potential of human dental pulp stem cells and SHED for in vivo bone tissue engineering, published from 1984 to November 2017, were selected and evaluated in this review according to the following eligibility criteria: published in English, assessing dental stem cells of human origin and evaluating in vivo bone tissue formation in animal models or in humans. From the initial 1576 potentially relevant articles identified, 128 were excluded due to the fact that they were duplicates and 1392 were considered ineligible as they did not meet the inclusion criteria. As a result, 56 articles remained and were fully analyzed in this systematic review. The results obtained in this systematic review open new avenues to perform bone tissue engineering for patients with bone defects and emphasize the importance of using human dental pulp stem cells and SHED to repair actual bone defects in an appropriate animal model.
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74
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Xia Y, Chen H, Zhang F, Bao C, Weir MD, Reynolds MA, Ma J, Gu N, Xu HHK. Gold nanoparticles in injectable calcium phosphate cement enhance osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2018; 14:35-45. [PMID: 28887211 PMCID: PMC5803751 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel calcium phosphate cement containing gold nanoparticles (GNP-CPC) was developed. Its osteogenic induction ability on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) was investigated for the first time. The incorporation of GNPs improved hDPSCs behavior on CPC, including better cell adhesion (about 2-fold increase in cell spreading) and proliferation, and enhanced osteogenic differentiation (about 2-3-fold increase at 14 days). GNPs endow CPC with micro-nano-structure, thus improving surface properties for cell adhesion and subsequent behaviors. In addition, GNPs released from GNP-CPC were internalized by hDPSCs, as verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thus enhancing cell functions. The culture media containing GNPs enhanced the cellular activities of hDPSCs. This result was consistent with and supported the osteogenic induction results of GNP-CPC. In conclusion, GNP-CPC significantly enhanced the osteogenic functions of hDPSCs. GNPs are promising to modify CPC with nanotopography and work as bioactive additives thus enhance bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Huimin Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feimin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chongyun Bao
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mark A Reynolds
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Junqing Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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75
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Botelho J, Cavacas MA, Machado V, Mendes JJ. Dental stem cells: recent progresses in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Ann Med 2017. [PMID: 28649865 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2017.1347705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the disclosure of adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), there have been an intense investigation on the characteristics of these cells and their potentialities. Dental stem cells (DSCs) are MSC-like populations with self-renewal capacity and multidifferentiation potential. Currently, there are five main DSCs, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and dental follicle precursor cells (DFPCs). These cells are extremely accessible, prevail during all life and own an amazing multipotency. In the past decade, DPSCs and SHED have been thoroughly studied in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering as autologous stem cells therapies and have shown amazing therapeutic abilities in oro-facial, neurologic, corneal, cardiovascular, hepatic, diabetic, renal, muscular dystrophy and auto-immune conditions, in both animal and human models, and most recently some of them in human clinical trials. In this review, we focus the characteristics, the multiple roles of DSCs and its potential translation to clinical settings. These new insights of the apparently regenerative aptitude of these DSCs seems quite promising to investigate these cells abilities in a wide variety of pathologies. Key messages Dental stem cells (DSCs) have a remarkable self-renewal capacity and multidifferentiation potential; DSCs are extremely accessible and prevail during all life; DSCs, as stem cells therapies, have shown amazing therapeutic abilities in oro-facial, neurologic, corneal, cardiovascular, hepatic, diabetic, renal, muscular dystrophy and autoimmune conditions; DSCs are becoming extremely relevant in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Botelho
- a Egas Moniz Cooperativa de Ensino Superior CRL , Caparica , Portugal
| | | | - Vanessa Machado
- a Egas Moniz Cooperativa de Ensino Superior CRL , Caparica , Portugal
| | - José João Mendes
- a Egas Moniz Cooperativa de Ensino Superior CRL , Caparica , Portugal
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76
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Choi JY, Chun SY, Ha YS, Kim DH, Kim J, Song PH, Kim HT, Yoo ES, Kim BS, Kwon TG. Potency of Human Urine-Derived Stem Cells for Renal Lineage Differentiation. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 14:775-785. [PMID: 30603527 PMCID: PMC6171660 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-017-0081-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney is one of the most difficult organs for regeneration. Several attempts have been performed to regenerate renal tissue using stem cells, the results were not satisfactory. Urine is major product of kidney and contains cells from renal components. Moreover, urine-derived stem cells (USCs) can be easily obtained without any health risks throughout a patient's entire life. Here, we evaluated the utility of USCs for renal tissue regeneration. In this study, the ability of USCs to differentiate into renal lineage cells was compared with that of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (AFSCs), with respect to surface antigen expression, morphology, immunocytochemistry, renal lineage gene expression, secreted factors, immunomodulatory marker expression, in vivo safety, and renal differentiation potency. Undifferentiated USCs were positive for CD44 and CD73, negative for CD34 and CD45, and formed aggregates after 3 weeks of renal differentiation. Undifferentiated USCs showed high SSEA4 expression, while renal-differentiated cells expressed PAX2, WT1, and CADHERIN 6. In the stem/renal lineage-associated gene analysis, OCT4, SSEA4, and CD117 were significantly downregulated over time, while PAX2, LIM1, PDGFRA, E-CADHERIN, CD24, ACTB, AQP1, OCLN, and NPHS1 were gradually upregulated. In the in vivo safety evaluation, renal-differentiated USCs did not show abnormal histology. These findings demonstrated that USCs have a similar MSC potency, renal lineage-differentiation ability, immunomodulatory effects, and in vivo safety as ADSCs and AFSCs, and showed higher levels of growth factor secretion for paracrine effects. Therefore, urine and USCs can be one of good cell sources for kidney regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Young Choi
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-ro, Nam-gu, Daegu, 42415 Korea
| | - So Young Chun
- Biomedical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944 Korea
| | - Yun-Sok Ha
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944 Korea
| | - Dae Hwan Kim
- Department of Laboratory Animal Research Support Team, Yeungnam University Medical Center, 170 Hyunchung-ro, Nam-gu, Daegu, 42415 Korea
| | - Jeongshik Kim
- Department of Pathology, Central Hospital, 480 Munsu-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan, 44667 Korea
| | - Phil Hyun Song
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-ro, Nam-gu, Daegu, 42415 Korea
| | - Hyun Tae Kim
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944 Korea
| | - Eun Sang Yoo
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944 Korea
| | - Bum Soo Kim
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944 Korea
| | - Tae Gyun Kwon
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944 Korea
- Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, 807 Hogukro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41404 Korea
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77
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Zhang M, Jiang F, Zhang X, Wang S, Jin Y, Zhang W, Jiang X. The Effects of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB on Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Mediated Dentin-Pulp Complex Regeneration. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6:2126-2134. [PMID: 29064632 PMCID: PMC5702518 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dentin‐pulp complex regeneration is a promising alternative treatment for the irreversible pulpitis caused by tooth trauma or dental caries. This process mainly relies on the recruitment of endogenous or the transplanted dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) to guide dentin‐pulp tissue formation. Platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF), a well‐known potent mitogenic, angiogenic, and chemoattractive agent, has been widely used in tissue regeneration. However, the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of PDGF on dentin‐pulp complex regeneration are still unclear. In this study, we tested the effect of PDGF‐BB on dentin‐pulp tissue regeneration by establishing PDGF‐BB gene‐modified human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) using a lentivirus. Our results showed that PDGF‐BB can significantly enhance hDPSC proliferation and odontoblastic differentiation. Furthermore, PDGF‐BB and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secreted by hDPSCs enhanced angiogenesis. The chemoattractive effect of PDGF‐BB on hDPSCs was also confirmed using a Transwell chemotactic migration model. We further determined that PDGF‐BB facilitates hDPSCs migration via the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway. In vivo, CM‐DiI‐labeled hDPSCs were injected subcutaneously into mice, and our results showed that more labeled cells were recruited to the sites implanted with calcium phosphate cement scaffolds containing PDGF‐BB gene‐modified hDPSCs. Finally, the tissue‐engineered complexes were implanted subcutaneously in mice for 12 weeks, the Lenti‐PDGF group generated more dentin‐like mineralized tissue which showed positive staining for the DSPP protein, similar to tooth dentin tissue, and was surrounded by highly vascularized dental pulp‐like connective tissue. Taken together, our data demonstrated that the PDGF‐BB possesses a powerful function in prompting stem cell‐based dentin‐pulp tissue regeneration. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2017;6:2126–2134
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolin Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Polyclinic, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochen Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoyi Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqin Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinquan Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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78
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In Vitro and In Vivo Dentinogenic Efficacy of Human Dental Pulp-Derived Cells Induced by Demineralized Dentin Matrix and HA-TCP. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:2416254. [PMID: 28761445 PMCID: PMC5518496 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2416254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Human dental pulp cells have been known to have the stem cell features such as self-renewal and multipotency. These cells are differentiated into hard tissue by addition of proper cytokines and biomaterials. Hydroxyapatite-tricalcium phosphates (HA-TCPs) are essential components of hard tissue and generally used as a biocompatible material in tissue engineering of bone. Demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) has been reported to increase efficiency of bone induction. We compared the efficiencies of osteogenic differentiation and in vivo bone formation of HA-TCP and DDM on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). DDM contains inorganic components as with HA-TCP, and organic components such as collagen type-1. Due to these components, osteoinduction potential of DDM on hDPSCs was remarkably higher than that of HA-TCP. However, the efficiencies of in vivo bone formation are similar in HA-TCP and DDM. Although osteogenic gene expression and bone formation in immunocompromised nude mice were similar levels in both cases, dentinogenic gene expression level was slightly higher in DDM transplantation than in HA-TCP. All these results suggested that in vivo osteogenic potentials in hDPSCs are induced with both HA-TCP and DDM by osteoconduction and osteoinduction, respectively. In addition, transplantation of hDPSCs/DDM might be more effective for differentiation into dentin.
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79
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Gurel Pekozer G, Ramazanoglu M, Schlegel KA, Kok FN, Torun Kose G. Role of STRO-1 sorting of porcine dental germ stem cells in dental stem cell-mediated bone tissue engineering. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 46:607-618. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1332637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gorke Gurel Pekozer
- Molecular Biology-Genetics and Biotechnology Program, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Genetics and Bioengineering Department, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, BIOMATEN, METU, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ramazanoglu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Karl Andreas Schlegel
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen-Nuremberg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Fatma Nese Kok
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gamze Torun Kose
- Genetics and Bioengineering Department, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, BIOMATEN, METU, Ankara, Turkey
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80
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Mitsiadis TA, Catón J, Pagella P, Orsini G, Jimenez-Rojo L. Monitoring Notch Signaling-Associated Activation of Stem Cell Niches within Injured Dental Pulp. Front Physiol 2017; 8:372. [PMID: 28611689 PMCID: PMC5447770 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem/progenitor cells guarantee tooth homeostasis, repair and regeneration throughout life. The decision between renewal and differentiation of these cells is influenced by physical and molecular interactions with stromal cells and extracellular matrix molecules forming the specialized microenvironment of dental pulp stem cell niches. Here we study the activation of putative pulp niches after tooth injury through the upregulation of Notch signaling pathway. Notch1, Notch2, and Notch3 molecules were used as markers of dental pulp stem/progenitor cells. Upon dental injury, Notch1 and Notch3 are detected in cells related to vascular structures suggesting a role of these proteins in the activation of specific pulpal perivascular niches. In contrast, a population of Notch2-positive cells that are actively proliferative is observed in the apical part of the pulp. Kinetics of these cells is followed up with a lipophilic DiI labeling, showing that apical pulp cells migrate toward the injury site where dynamic regenerative/repair events occur. The knowledge of the activation and regulation of dental pulp stem/progenitor cells within their niches in pathologic conditions may be helpful for the realization of innovative dental treatments in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thimios A Mitsiadis
- Orofacial Development and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Oral Biology, ZZM, University of ZurichZurich, Switzerland
| | - Javier Catón
- Department of Medical Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University CEU-San PabloMadrid, Spain
| | - Pierfrancesco Pagella
- Orofacial Development and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Oral Biology, ZZM, University of ZurichZurich, Switzerland
| | - Giovanna Orsini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Polytechnic University of MarcheAncona, Italy
| | - Lucia Jimenez-Rojo
- Orofacial Development and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Oral Biology, ZZM, University of ZurichZurich, Switzerland
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81
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Alkharobi H, Beattie J, Meade J, Devine D, El-Gendy R. Dental Pulp Cells Isolated from Teeth with Superficial Caries Retain an Inflammatory Phenotype and Display an Enhanced Matrix Mineralization Potential. Front Physiol 2017; 8:244. [PMID: 28503150 PMCID: PMC5408163 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We have isolated dental pulp cells (DPCs) from three healthy (hDPCs) and three carious (cDPCs) donors and shown that compared to hDPCs cells isolated from superficial carious lesions show higher clonogenic potential; show an equivalent proportion of cells with putative stem cell surface markers; show enhanced matrix mineralization capability; have enhanced angiogenic marker expression and retain the inflammatory phenotype in vitro characteristic of superficial caries lesions in vivo. Our findings suggest that cDPCs may be used for further investigation of the cross talk between inflammatory, angiogenic and mineralization pathways in repair of carious pulp. In addition cells derived from carious pulps (almost always discarded) may have potential for future applications in mineralized tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Alkharobi
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, St. James University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, UK.,Department Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, King AbdulAziz UniversityJeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - James Beattie
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, St. James University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, UK
| | - Josie Meade
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, St. James University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, UK
| | - Deirdre Devine
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, St. James University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, UK
| | - Reem El-Gendy
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, St. James University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, UK.,Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal UniversityIsmailia, Egypt
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82
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Gazarian KG, Ramírez-García LR. Human Deciduous Teeth Stem Cells (SHED) Display Neural Crest Signature Characters. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170321. [PMID: 28125654 PMCID: PMC5268458 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Human dental tissues are sources of neural crest origin multipotent stem cells whose regenerative potential is a focus of extensive studies. Rational programming of clinical applications requires a more detailed knowledge of the characters inherited from neural crest. Investigation of neural crest cells generated from human pluripotent stem cells provided opportunity for their comparison with the postnatal dental cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the culture conditions in the expression by dental cells of neural crest characters. The results of the study demonstrate that specific neural crest cells requirements, serum-free, active WNT signaling and inactive SMAD 2/3, are needed for the activity of the neural crest characters in dental cells. Specifically, the decreasing concentration of fetal bovine serum (FBS) from regularly used for dental cells 10% to 2% and below, or using serum-free medium, led to emergence of a subset of epithelial-like cells expressing the two key neural crest markers, p75 and HNK-1. Further, the serum-free medium supplemented with neural crest signaling requirements (WNT inducer BIO and TGF-β inhibitor REPSOX), induced epithelial-like phenotype, upregulated the p75, Sox10 and E-Cadherin and downregulated the mesenchymal genes (SNAIL1, ZEB1, TWIST). An expansion medium containing 2% FBS allowed to obtain an epithelial/mesenchymal SHED population showing high proliferation, clonogenic, multi-lineage differentiation capacities. Future experiments will be required to determine the effects of these features on regenerative potential of this novel SHED population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlen G. Gazarian
- Department of Medicine Genomics and Environmental Toxicity, Institute of Biomedical Research, Mexican National Autonomous University, Mexico City, University Campus, Mexico
- * E-mail:
| | - Luis R. Ramírez-García
- Department of Medicine Genomics and Environmental Toxicity, Institute of Biomedical Research, Mexican National Autonomous University, Mexico City, University Campus, Mexico
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83
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Chalisserry EP, Nam SY, Park SH, Anil S. Therapeutic potential of dental stem cells. J Tissue Eng 2017; 8:2041731417702531. [PMID: 28616151 PMCID: PMC5461911 DOI: 10.1177/2041731417702531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell biology has become an important field in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering therapy since the discovery and characterization of mesenchymal stem cells. Stem cell populations have also been isolated from human dental tissues, including dental pulp stem cells, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, stem cells from apical papilla, dental follicle progenitor cells, and periodontal ligament stem cells. Dental stem cells are relatively easily obtainable and exhibit high plasticity and multipotential capabilities. The dental stem cells represent a gold standard for neural-crest-derived bone reconstruction in humans and can be used for the repair of body defects in low-risk autologous therapeutic strategies. The bioengineering technologies developed for tooth regeneration will make substantial contributions to understand the developmental process and will encourage future organ replacement by regenerative therapies in a wide variety of organs such as the liver, kidney, and heart. The concept of developing tooth banking and preservation of dental stem cells is promising. Further research in the area has the potential to herald a new dawn in effective treatment of notoriously difficult diseases which could prove highly beneficial to mankind in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elna Paul Chalisserry
- Interdisciplinary Program of Marine-Bio, Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Seung Yun Nam
- Interdisciplinary Program of Marine-Bio, Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Sang Hyug Park
- Interdisciplinary Program of Marine-Bio, Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Sukumaran Anil
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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84
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Reconstruction of Alar Nasal Cartilage Defects Using a Tissue Engineering Technique Based on a Combined Use of Autologous Chondrocyte Micrografts and Platelet-rich Plasma: Preliminary Clinical and Instrumental Evaluation. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2016; 4:e1027. [PMID: 27826462 PMCID: PMC5096517 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000001027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: Developing cartilage constructs with injectability, appropriate matrix composition, and persistent cartilaginous phenotype remains an enduring challenge in cartilage repair. The combined use of autologous chondrocyte micrografts and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an alternative that opens a new era in this field. Methods: At the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy, 11 patients underwent nasal alar reconstruction with chondrocyte micrografts gently poured onto PRP in solid form. A computed tomographic scan control was performed after 12 months. Pearson’s Chi-square test was used to investigate difference in cartilage density between native and newly formed cartilages. Results: The constructs of chondrocyte micrografts–PRP that were subcutaneously injected resulted in a persistent cartilage tissue with appropriate morphology, adequate central nutritional perfusion without central necrosis or ossification, and further augmented nasal dorsum without obvious contraction and deformation. Conclusion: This report demonstrated that chondrocyte micrografts derived from nasal septum poured onto PRP in solid form are useful for cartilage regeneration in patients with external nasal valve collapse.
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85
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Histologic tissue response to furcation perforation repair using mineral trioxide aggregate or dental pulp stem cells loaded onto treated dentin matrix or tricalcium phosphate. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:1579-1588. [PMID: 27761672 PMCID: PMC5442265 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1967-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study is to compare the effect of treated dentine matrix (TDM) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) scaffolds on odontogenic differentiation and mineralization of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in furcation perforations created in the pulp chamber floor of premolar teeth in dogs. Material and methods DPSCs were isolated and cultured from the dental pulp of the maxillary left second and third premolars of dogs. The DPSCs were loaded on TCP (SC+TCP) and TDM (SC+TDM) scaffolds and inserted into intentionally perforated pulp chamber floors of premolars in dogs; six teeth were used for each group. Three more groups of six specimens were created, and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), TDM, and TCP were inserted into the perforations to act as controls. An intact premolar and no treatment in the perforation site were used as positive and negative controls respectively. After 3 months, the animals were sacrificed and the type of inflammation, presence of dentine, continuation and type of cementum, type of connective tissue, and presence of foreign body reaction were evaluated, and significant differences were between groups determined using the Fisher’s exact test. The evaluation of the amount of inflammation and the percentage of new bone formation was evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results The negative control group was associated with severe inflammation and granulation tissue formation. In the positive control group, intact periodontal tissues and no inflammation were observed. Dentine bridge formation was not seen in specimens of any group. The specimens in the SC+TDM group were associated with significantly more bone formation than other groups (P < 0.001). The amount of inflammation was less than 10 % in specimens of all groups with the exception of three specimens in the TCP group that were categorized as 10–30 %. Chronic inflammation without foreign body reactions was the major pattern of inflammation in groups. Formation of cementum with a cellular and continuous appearance was seen in all specimens. Conclusions SC+TDM was associated with significantly more bone formation when used to repair uninfected furcation perforations in the premolar teeth of dogs. Clinical relevance Application of TDM as a biological scaffold in combination with DPSCs may offer an advantage during the repair of root perforation defects.
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86
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Hyaluronan induces odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells via CD44. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:135. [PMID: 27651223 PMCID: PMC5029108 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0399-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dental pulp tissue contains many undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, which retain the ability to differentiate into mature cells. Induced pluripotent stem cells have been developed from various cell sources, including dental pulp-derived stem cells, and evaluated for potential application to regenerative therapy. Dental pulp tissues overexpress CD44, a cell-adhesion factor involved in the induction of mineralization. In this study, we investigated the effects of hyaluronan—a known CD44 ligand—on dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Methods DPSC CD44 expression was analyzed using immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry, and western blotting. Cell proliferation was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Effects of hyaluronan on the cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry. Alkaline phosphatase activity was employed as marker of mineralization and measured by fluorometric quantification and western blotting. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, BMP-4, dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), and dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1 (DMP-1) levels were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Odontoblastic differentiation and the close cell signaling examination of DPSC differentiation were determined using western blotting. Results Hyaluronan induced expression of the odontoblastic differentiation markers DMP-1 and DSPP. Moreover, the odontoblastic differentiation induced by hyaluronan was mediated by CD44—but not by Akt, Smad1 or MAPK signaling. Conclusions Our results indicate that hyaluronan induces odontoblastic differentiation of DPSCs via CD44. This suggests that hyaluronan plays a crucial role in the induction of odontoblastic differentiation from DPSCs. Our findings may aid the development of new, inexpensive, and effective conservative treatments for dental pulp repair. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-016-0399-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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87
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Chen Y, Zhang F, Fu Q, Liu Y, Wang Z, Qi N. In vitro proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells in injectable thermo-sensitive chitosan/β-glycerophosphate/hydroxyapatite hydrogel. J Biomater Appl 2016; 31:317-27. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328216661566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogels have a potential application in bone tissue engineering for their sensitivities and minimal invasive properties. Human dental pulp stem cells have been considered a promising tool for tissue reconstruction. The objective of this study was to investigate the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells in injectable thermo-sensitive chitosan/β-glycerophosphate/hydroxyapatite hydrogel in vitro. The chitosan /β-glycerophosphate hydrogel and chitosan/β-glycerophosphate/hydroxyapatite hydrogel were prepared using the sol-gel method. The injectability of chitosan /β-glycerophosphate hydrogel and chitosan/β-glycerophosphate/hydroxyapatite hydrogel was measured using a commercial disposable syringe. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the inner structure of hydrogels. Then dental pulp stem cells were seeded in chitosan /β-glycerophosphate hydrogel and chitosan/β-glycerophosphate/hydroxyapatite hydrogel, respectively. The growth of dental pulp stem cells was periodically observed under an inverted microscope. The proliferation of dental pulp stem cells was detected by using an Alamar Blue kit, while cell apoptosis was determined by using a Live/Dead Viability/Cytotoxicity kit. The osteogenic differentiations of dental pulp stem cells in chitosan /β-glycerophosphate hydrogel and chitosan/β-glycerophosphate/hydroxyapatite hydrogel were evaluated by alkaline phosphatase activity assay and mRNA expression of osteogenesis gene for 21 days in osteogenic medium. The results indicated that there was no significant difference between chitosan /β-glycerophosphate hydrogel and chitosan/β-glycerophosphate/hydroxyapatite hydrogel in injectability. Cells within the chitosan/β-glycerophosphate/hydroxyapatite hydrogel displayed a typical adherent cell morphology and rapid proliferation with high cellular viability after 14 days of culture. Dental pulp stem cells seeded in chitosan/β-glycerophosphate/hydroxyapatite hydrogels had a higher alkaline phosphatase activity and better up-regulation of gene expression levels of Runx-2, Collagen I, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin than in chitosan /β-glycerophosphate hydrogels after osteogenic differentiation. These results demonstrated that the chitosan/β-glycerophosphate/hydroxyapatite hydrogel had excellent cellular compatibility and the superiority in promoting dental pulp stem cells osteogenic differentiation in vitro, showing that the combination of dental pulp stem cells and chitosan/β-glycerophosphate/hydroxyapatite hydrogel has the potential to be used for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantian Chen
- Cell Culture and Bioprocess Engineering Lab, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Fengli Zhang
- Cell Culture and Bioprocess Engineering Lab, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Cell Culture and Bioprocess Engineering Lab, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Cell Culture and Bioprocess Engineering Lab, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Zejian Wang
- Cell Culture and Bioprocess Engineering Lab, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Nianmin Qi
- Cell Culture and Bioprocess Engineering Lab, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
- Asia Stem Cell BK, Limited, China
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88
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Isolation and characterization of human gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells using limiting dilution method. J Dent Sci 2016; 11:304-314. [PMID: 30894989 PMCID: PMC6395297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) are attractive alternative MSC sources because of their relative abundance of sources and ease of accessibility. However, the isolation method for harboring GMSCs remains under discussion. The aim of the study was to isolate and explore in vitro characterization of human GMSCs, and compare stem cell properties with bulk-cultured gingival fibroblasts (GFs). Materials and methods GMSCs were isolated with limiting dilution method. Tissue-matched bulk-cultured GFs and GMSCs were evaluated in terms of their colony-forming abilities, population doubling capacities, cell surface epitopes, and multilineage differentiation potentials. Results GMSCs showed a significantly higher number of colony-forming units-fibroblast (P < 0.001) than bulk-cultured GFs, while the population doubling capacity of GMSCs reduced. Both types of cells were uniformly positive for MSC-associated makers CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105, and CD166, and were negative for hematopoietic markers CD14, CD34, and CD45. The only distinct marker was STRO-1, which was more highly expressed in GMSCs (13.4%) than in bulk-cultured GFs (0.02%). Upon induction, GMSCs displayed the capacity to undergo osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation. Real-time polymerase chain reaction showed related gene levels were significantly upregulated (P < 0.001). By contrast, bulk-cultured GFs lacked the capacity to undergo multilineage differentiation, and related gene levels showed no significant difference when compared with control groups. Conclusion The data validate the effectiveness of limiting dilution method for GMSCs isolation. GMSCs, in contrast to bulk-cultured GFs, harbor stem cell characteristics and can act as alternative cell sources for tissue engineering.
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Jensen J, Tvedesøe C, Rölfing JHD, Foldager CB, Lysdahl H, Kraft DCE, Chen M, Baas J, Le DQS, Bünger CE. Dental pulp-derived stromal cells exhibit a higher osteogenic potency than bone marrow-derived stromal cells in vitro and in a porcine critical-size bone defect model. SICOT J 2016; 2:16. [PMID: 27163105 PMCID: PMC4849237 DOI: 10.1051/sicotj/2016004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) was compared with that of dental pulp-derived stromal cells (DPSCs) in vitro and in a pig calvaria critical-size bone defect model. Methods: BMSCs and DPSCs were extracted from the tibia bone marrow and the molar teeth of each pig, respectively. BMSCs and DPSCs were cultured in monolayer and on a three-dimensional (3D) polycaprolactone (PCL) – hyaluronic acid – tricalcium phosphate (HT-PCL) scaffold. Population doubling (PD), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and calcium deposition were measured in monolayer. In the 3D culture ALP activity, DNA content, and calcium deposition were evaluated. Six non-penetrating critical-size defects were made in each calvarium of 14 pigs. Three paired sub-studies were conducted: (1) empty defects vs. HT-PCL scaffolds; (2) PCL scaffolds vs. HT-PCL scaffolds; and (3) autologous BMSCs on HT-PCL scaffolds vs. autologous DPSCs on HT-PCL scaffolds. The observation time was five weeks. Bone volume fractions (BV/TV) were assessed with micro-computed tomography (μCT) and histomorphometry. Results and discussion: The results from the in vitro study revealed a higher ALP activity and calcium deposition of the DPSC cultures compared with BMSC cultures. Significantly more bone was present in the HT-PCL group than in both the pure PCL scaffold group and the empty defect group in vivo. DPSCs generated more bone than BMSCs when seeded on HT-PCL. In conclusion, DPSCs exhibited a higher osteogenic potential compared with BMSCs both in vitro and in vivo, making it a potential cell source for future bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Jensen
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital Noerrebrogade 44 8000 Aarhus C Denmark ; Department of Radiology, Aarhus University Hospital Noerrebrogade 44 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Claus Tvedesøe
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital Noerrebrogade 44 8000 Aarhus C Denmark ; Department of Radiology, Aarhus University Hospital Noerrebrogade 44 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Jan Hendrik Duedal Rölfing
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital Noerrebrogade 44 8000 Aarhus C Denmark ; Department of Orthopaedics, Aarhus University Hospital Noerrebrogade 44 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Casper Bindzus Foldager
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital Noerrebrogade 44 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Helle Lysdahl
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital Noerrebrogade 44 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - David Christian Evar Kraft
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aarhus University Vennelyst Boulevard 9 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Muwan Chen
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital Noerrebrogade 44 8000 Aarhus C Denmark ; Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 14 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Jorgen Baas
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital Noerrebrogade 44 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Dang Quang Svend Le
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital Noerrebrogade 44 8000 Aarhus C Denmark ; Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 14 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Cody Eric Bünger
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital Noerrebrogade 44 8000 Aarhus C Denmark ; Department of Orthopaedics, Aarhus University Hospital Noerrebrogade 44 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
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90
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Biomedical Application of Dental Tissue-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:9762465. [PMID: 26989423 PMCID: PMC4773578 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9762465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The academic researches and clinical applications in recent years found interest in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs-) based regenerative medicine due to their pluripotency able to differentiate into any cell types in the body without using embryo. However, it is limited in generating iPSCs from adult somatic cells and use of these cells due to the low stem cell potency and donor site morbidity. In biomedical applications, particularly, dental tissue-derived iPSCs have been getting attention as a type of alternative sources for regenerating damaged tissues due to high potential of stem cell characteristics, easy accessibility and attainment, and their ectomesenchymal origin, which allow them to have potential for nerve, vessel, and dental tissue regeneration. This paper will cover the overview of dental tissue-derived iPSCs and their application with their advantages and drawbacks.
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91
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Cryopreservation and Banking of Dental Stem Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 951:199-235. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-45457-3_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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92
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AYDIN S, YALVAÇ ME, ÖZCAN F, ŞAHİN F. Pluronic PF68 increases transfection efficiency in electroporationof mesenchymal stem cells. Turk J Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.3906/biy-1503-55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Regenerative Applications Using Tooth Derived Stem Cells in Other Than Tooth Regeneration: A Literature Review. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:9305986. [PMID: 26798366 PMCID: PMC4699044 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9305986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tooth derived stem cells or dental stem cells are categorized according to the location from which they are isolated and represent a promising source of cells for regenerative medicine. Originally, as one kind of mesenchymal stem cells, they are considered an alternative of bone marrow stromal cells. They share many commonalties but maintain differences. Considering their original function in development and the homeostasis of tooth structures, many applications of these cells in dentistry have aimed at tooth structure regeneration; however, the application in other than tooth structures has been attempted extensively. The availability from discarded or removed teeth can be an innate benefit as a source of autologous cells. Their origin from the neural crest results in exploitation of neurological and numerous other applications. This review briefly highlights current and future perspectives of the regenerative applications of tooth derived stem cells in areas beyond tooth regeneration.
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Maxim MA, Soritau O, Baciut M, Bran S, Baciut G. The role of dental stem cells in regeneration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 88:479-82. [PMID: 26733745 PMCID: PMC4689240 DOI: 10.15386/cjmed-475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that have the capacity of rising multiple cell types. A rich source of mesenchymal stem cells is represented by the dental tissues: the periodontal ligament, the dental pulp, the apical papilla, the dental follicle and the deciduous teeth. The aim of this review is to characterize the main dental- derived mesenchymal stem cell population, and to show their important role in tissue regeneration based on their properties : the multi-potency, the high proliferation rate, the differentiation in multiple cell lineages, the high cell viability and the positive expression for mesenchymal cell markers. Tissue regeneration or de novo’ formation of craniofacial structures is the future of regenerative medicine, offering a solution for congenital malformations, traumas and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga Soritau
- Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Baciut
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Emergencies, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simion Bran
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Emergencies, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Grigore Baciut
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Emergencies, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Hattori Y, Kim H, Tsuboi N, Yamamoto A, Akiyama S, Shi Y, Katsuno T, Kosugi T, Ueda M, Matsuo S, Maruyama S. Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth in Models of Acute Kidney Injury. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140121. [PMID: 26509261 PMCID: PMC4625005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a critical condition associated with high mortality. However, the available treatments for AKI are limited. Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) have recently gained attention as a novel source of stem cells. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether SHED have a therapeutic effect on AKI induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods The left renal artery and vein of the mice were clamped for 20 min to induce ischemia. SHED, bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC) or phosphate-buffered saline (control) were administered into the subrenal capsule. To confirm the potency of SHED in vitro, H2O2 stimulation assays and scratch assays were performed. Results The serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels of the SHED group were significantly lower than those of the control group, while BMMSC showed no therapeutic effect. Infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils in the kidney was significantly attenuated in mice treated with SHED. Cytokine levels (MIP-2, IL-1β, and MCP-1) in mice kidneys were significantly reduced in the SHED group. In in vitro experiments, SHED significantly decreased MCP-1 secretion in tubular epithelial cells (TEC) stimulated with H2O2. In addition, SHED promoted wound healing in the scratch assays, which was blunted by anti-HGF antibodies. Discussion SHED attenuated the levels of inflammatory cytokines and improved kidney function in AKI induced by IRI. SHED secreted factors reduced MCP-1 and increased HGF expression, which promoted wound healing. These results suggest that SHED might provide a novel stem cell resource, which can be applied for the treatment of ischemic kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Hattori
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hangsoo Kim
- Department of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naotake Tsuboi
- Department of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akihito Yamamoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shinichi Akiyama
- Department of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yiqin Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takayuki Katsuno
- Department of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kosugi
- Department of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Minoru Ueda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Seiichi Matsuo
- Department of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shoichi Maruyama
- Department of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Hexosamine-Induced TGF-β Signaling and Osteogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells Are Dependent on N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:924397. [PMID: 26583147 PMCID: PMC4637074 DOI: 10.1155/2015/924397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glycans of cell surface glycoproteins are involved in the regulation of cell migration, growth, and differentiation. N-acetyl-glucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V) transfers N-acetyl-d-glucosamine to form β1,6-branched N-glycans, thus playing a crucial role in the biosynthesis of glycoproteins. This study reveals the distinct expression of GnT-V in STRO-1 and CD-146 double-positive dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Furthermore, we investigated three types of hexosamines and their N-acetyl derivatives for possible effects on the osteogenic differentiation potential of DPSCs. Our results showed that exogenous d-glucosamine (GlcN), N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc), d-mannosamine (ManN), and acetyl-d-mannosamine (ManNAc) promoted DPSCs' early osteogenic differentiation in the absence of osteogenic supplements, but d-galactosamine (GalN) or N-acetyl-galactosamine (GalNAc) did not. Effects include the increased level of TGF-β receptor type I, activation of TGF-β signaling, and increased mRNA expression of osteogenic differentiation marker genes. The hexosamine-treated DPSCs showed an increased mineralized matrix deposition in the presence of osteogenic supplements. Moreover, the level of TGF-β receptor type I and early osteogenic differentiation were abolished in the DPSCs transfected with siRNA for GnT-V knockdown. These results suggest that GnT-V plays a critical role in the hexosamine-induced activation of TGF-β signaling and subsequent osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs.
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Aurrekoetxea M, Garcia-Gallastegui P, Irastorza I, Luzuriaga J, Uribe-Etxebarria V, Unda F, Ibarretxe G. Dental pulp stem cells as a multifaceted tool for bioengineering and the regeneration of craniomaxillofacial tissues. Front Physiol 2015; 6:289. [PMID: 26528190 PMCID: PMC4607862 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells, or DPSC, are neural crest-derived cells with an outstanding capacity to differentiate along multiple cell lineages of interest for cell therapy. In particular, highly efficient osteo/dentinogenic differentiation of DPSC can be achieved using simple in vitro protocols, making these cells a very attractive and promising tool for the future treatment of dental and periodontal diseases. Among craniomaxillofacial organs, the tooth and salivary gland are two such cases in which complete regeneration by tissue engineering using DPSC appears to be possible, as research over the last decade has made substantial progress in experimental models of partial or total regeneration of both organs, by cell recombination technology. Moreover, DPSC seem to be a particularly good choice for the regeneration of nerve tissues, including injured or transected cranial nerves. In this context, the oral cavity appears to be an excellent testing ground for new regenerative therapies using DPSC. However, many issues and challenges need yet to be addressed before these cells can be employed in clinical therapy. In this review, we point out some important aspects on the biology of DPSC with regard to their use for the reconstruction of different craniomaxillofacial tissues and organs, with special emphasis on cranial bones, nerves, teeth, and salivary glands. We suggest new ideas and strategies to fully exploit the capacities of DPSC for bioengineering of the aforementioned tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maitane Aurrekoetxea
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of the Basque Country Leioa, Spain
| | - Patricia Garcia-Gallastegui
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of the Basque Country Leioa, Spain
| | - Igor Irastorza
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of the Basque Country Leioa, Spain
| | - Jon Luzuriaga
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of the Basque Country Leioa, Spain
| | - Verónica Uribe-Etxebarria
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of the Basque Country Leioa, Spain
| | - Fernando Unda
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of the Basque Country Leioa, Spain
| | - Gaskon Ibarretxe
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of the Basque Country Leioa, Spain
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Musa M, Mohd Ali K, Kannan TP, Azlina A, Omar NS, Chatterji A, Mokhtar KI. Effects of Perivitelline Fluid Obtained from Horseshoe Crab on The Proliferation and Genotoxicity of Dental Pulp Stem Cells. CELL JOURNAL 2015. [PMID: 26199904 PMCID: PMC4503839 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2016.3726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objective Perivitelline fluid (PVF) of the horseshoe crab embryo has been reported to
possess an important role during embryogenesis by promoting cell proliferation. This
study aims to evaluate the effect of PVF on the proliferation, chromosome aberration (CA)
and mutagenicity of the dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs).
Materials and Methods This is an in vitro experimental study. PVF samples were
collected from horseshoe crabs from beaches in Malaysia and the crude extract was
prepared. DPSCs were treated with different concentrations of PVF crude extract in
an 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay (cytotoxicity test). We choose two inhibitory concentrations (IC50 and IC25) and two PVF
concentrations which produced more cell viability compared to a negative control
(100%) for further tests. Quantitative analysis of the proliferation activity of PVF was
studied using the AlamarBlue®assay for 10 days. Population doubling times (PDTs)
of the treatment groups were calculated from this assay. Genotoxicity was evaluated
based on the CA and Ames tests. Statistical analysis was carried out using independent t test to calculate significant differences in the PDT and mitotic indices in the CA
test between the treatment and negative control groups. Significant differences in the
data were P<0.05.
Results A total of four PVF concentrations retrieved from the MTT assay were
26.887 mg/ml (IC50), 14.093 mg/ml (IC25), 0.278 mg/ml (102% cell viability) and 0.019
mg/ml (102.5% cell viability). According to the AlamarBlue®assay, these PVF groups
produced comparable proliferation activities compared to the negative (untreated)
control. PDTs between PVF groups and the negative control were insignificantly different (P>0.05). No significant aberrations in chromosomes were observed in the
PVF groups and the Ames test on the PVF showed the absence of significant positive
results.
Conclusion PVF from horseshoe crabs produced insignificant proliferative activity on
treated DPSCs. The PVF was non-genotoxic based on the CA and Ames tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marahaini Musa
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Khadijah Mohd Ali
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Thirumulu Ponnuraj Kannan
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia ; Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Azlina
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nor Shamsuria Omar
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia ; Institute of Tropical Aquaculture (AQUATROP), University Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Anil Chatterji
- National Institute of Oceanography (NIO), Dona Paula, India
| | - Khairani Idah Mokhtar
- Kulliyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University of Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Pahang, Malaysia
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Aziz J, Abu Kassim NL, Abu Kasim NH, Haque N, Rahman MT. Carica papaya induces in vitro thrombopoietic cytokines secretion by mesenchymal stem cells and haematopoietic cells. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 15:215. [PMID: 26152209 PMCID: PMC4495848 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0749-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Background Use of Carica papaya leaf extracts, reported to improve thrombocyte counts in dengue patients, demands further analysis on the underlying mechanism of its thrombopoietic cytokines induction Methods In vitro cultures of peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) were treated with unripe papaya pulp juice (UPJ) to evaluate its potential to induce thrombopoietic cytokines (IL-6 and SCF) Results In vitro scratch gap closure was significantly faster (p < .05) in SHED culture treated with UPJ. IL-6 concentration was significantly increased (p < .05) in SHED and PBL culture supernatant when treated with UPJ. SCF synthesis in SHED culture was also significantly increased (p < .05) when treated with UPJ Conclusion In vitro upregulated synthesis of IL −6 and SCF both in PBL and SHED reveals the potential mechanism of unripe papaya to induce thrombopoietic cytokines synthesis in cells of hematopoietic and mesenchymal origin. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-015-0749-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Bhatnagar D, Bherwani AK, Simon M, Rafailovich MH. Biomineralization on enzymatically cross-linked gelatin hydrogels in the absence of dexamethasone. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:5210-5219. [PMID: 32262596 DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00482a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A mechanical stimulus and chemical induction by dexamethasone have been important factors in dental pulp stem cell (DPSC) differentiation and biomineralization. We have demonstrated that the enzymatically crosslinked gelatin hydrogels are extremely effective substrates for DPSC differentiation towards odontoblasts. DPSCs were seeded on the crosslinked hard (∼8 kPa) and soft (∼0.15 kPa) gelatin hydrogels for 35 days with and without dexamethasone. Odontogenic differentiation markers such as OCN, ALP and DSPP were upregulated after 35 days of culture on crosslinked hydrogels with and without dexamethasone. SEM and Alizarin red staining of the crosslinked hydrogels showed a biomineralized sheet of hydroxyapatite deposits laid by the DPSCs on the top surface and inside the hydrogel. We found that the DPSC differentiation and biomineralization were independent of the hydrogel stiffness and dexamethasone. We hypothesize that this biomineralization was indeed triggered by the surface chemistry of the crosslinked gelatin hydrogels since we did not observe any biomineralization on the uncrosslinked gelatin or mTG. We also showed that the DPSCs, when removed from hard hydrogel surfaces and re-seeded on a TCPS, retained their odontogenic lineage and showed a permanent mineralization effect. Our results show the potential of enzymatically crosslinked gelatin hydrogels as scaffolds for dentin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Bhatnagar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11790, USA.
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