51
|
Miners JO, Chau N, Rowland A, Burns K, McKinnon RA, Mackenzie PI, Tucker GT, Knights KM, Kichenadasse G. Inhibition of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes by lapatinib, pazopanib, regorafenib and sorafenib: Implications for hyperbilirubinemia. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 129:85-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
52
|
Ge S, Wei Y, Yin T, Xu B, Gao S, Hu M. Transport–Glucuronidation Classification System and PBPK Modeling: New Approach To Predict the Impact of Transporters on Disposition of Glucuronides. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:2884-2898. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shufan Ge
- Department
of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Houston, 1441 Moursund Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Yingjie Wei
- Key
Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Street, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Taijun Yin
- Department
of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Houston, 1441 Moursund Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Beibei Xu
- Department
of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Houston, 1441 Moursund Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Song Gao
- Department
of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Houston, 1441 Moursund Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Ming Hu
- Department
of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Houston, 1441 Moursund Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Ge S, Tu Y, Hu M. Challenges and Opportunities with Predicting in Vivo Phase II Metabolism via Glucuronidation from in Vitro Data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 2:326-338. [PMID: 28966903 DOI: 10.1007/s40495-016-0076-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Glucuronidation is the most important phase II metabolic pathway which is responsible for the clearance of many endogenous and exogenous compounds. To better understand the elimination process for compounds undergoing glucuronidation and identify compounds with desirable in vivo pharmacokinetic properties, many efforts have been made to predict in vivo glucuronidation using in vitro data. In this article, we reviewed typical approaches used in previous predictions. The problems and challenges in prediction of glucuronidation were discussed. Besides that different incubation conditions can affect the prediction accuracy, other factors including efflux / uptake transporters, enterohepatic recycling, and deglucuronidation reactions also contribute to the disposition of glucuronides and make the prediction more difficult. PBPK modeling, which can describe more complicated process in vivo, is a promising prediction strategy which may greatly improve the prediction of glucuronidation and potential DDIs involving glucuronidation. Based on previous studies, we proposed a transport-glucuronidation classification system, which was built based on the kinetics of both glucuronidation and transport of the glucuronide. This system could be a very useful tool to achieve better in vivo predictions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shufan Ge
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Houston, 1441 Moursund Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yifan Tu
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Houston, 1441 Moursund Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Houston, 1441 Moursund Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Knights KM, Stresser DM, Miners JO, Crespi CL. In Vitro Drug Metabolism Using Liver Microsomes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 74:7.8.1-7.8.24. [DOI: 10.1002/cpph.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M. Knights
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Flinders University Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - David M. Stresser
- Corning Gentest Contract Research, Corning Incorporated Life Sciences Woburn Massachusetts
| | - John O. Miners
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, School of Medicine, Flinders University Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
55
|
Kong LL, Shen GL, Wang ZY, Zhuang XM, Xiao WB, Yuan M, Gong ZH, Li H. Inhibition of P-Glycoprotein and Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2 Regulates the Hepatobiliary Excretion and Plasma Exposure of Thienorphine and Its Glucuronide Conjugate. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:242. [PMID: 27555820 PMCID: PMC4977286 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thienorphine (TNP) is a novel partial opioid agonist that has completed phase II clinical evaluation as a promising drug candidate for the treatment of opioid dependence. Previous studies have shown that TNP and its glucuronide conjugate (TNP-G) undergo significant bile excretion. The purpose of this study was to investigate the roles of efflux transporters in regulating biliary excretion and plasma exposure of TNP and TNP-G. An ATPase assay suggested that TNP and TNP-G were substrates of P-gp and MRP2, respectively. The in vitro data from rat hepatocytes showed that bile excretion of TNP and TNP-G was regulated by the P-gp and MRP2 modulators. The accumulation of TNP and TNP-G in HepG2 cells significantly increased by the treatment of mdr1a or MRP2 siRNA for P-gp or MRP2 modulation. In intact rats, the bile excretion, and pharmacokinetic profiles of TNP and TNP-G were remarkably changed with tariquidar and probenecid pretreatment, respectively. Tariquidar increased the Cmax and AUC0-t and decreased MRT and T1/2 of TNP, whereas probenecid decreased the plasma exposure of TNP-G and increased its T1/2. Knockdown P-gp and MRP2 function using siRNA significantly increased the plasma exposure of TNP and TNP-G and reduced their mean retention time in mice. These results indicated the important roles of P-gp and MRP2 in hepatobiliary excretion and plasma exposure of TNP and TNP-G. Inhibition of the efflux transporters may affect the pharmacokinetics of TNP and result in a drug-drug interaction between TNP and the concomitant transporter inhibitor or inducer in clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Lei Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Centre for Pharmaceutical Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing, China
| | - Guo-Lin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijing, China; Research Center for Import-Export Chemicals Safety of General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China, Chinese Academy of Inspection and QuarantineBeijing, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Bin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing, China
| | - Mei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing, China
| | - Ze-Hui Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing, China
| | - Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Krempl C, Sporer T, Reichelt M, Ahn SJ, Heidel-Fischer H, Vogel H, Heckel DG, Joußen N. Potential detoxification of gossypol by UDP-glycosyltransferases in the two Heliothine moth species Helicoverpa armigera and Heliothis virescens. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 71:49-57. [PMID: 26873292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera and the tobacco budworm Heliothis virescens are closely related generalist insect herbivores and serious pest species on a number of economically important crop plants including cotton. Even though cotton is well defended by its major defensive compound gossypol, a toxic sesquiterpene dimer, larvae of both species are capable of developing on cotton plants. In spite of severe damage larvae cause on cotton plants, little is known about gossypol detoxification mechanisms in cotton-feeding insects. Here, we detected three monoglycosylated and up to five diglycosylated gossypol isomers in the feces of H. armigera and H. virescens larvae fed on gossypol-supplemented diet. Candidate UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) genes of H. armigera were selected by microarray studies and in silico analyses and were functionally expressed in insect cells. In enzymatic assays, we show that UGT41B3 and UGT40D1 are capable of glycosylating gossypol mainly to the diglycosylated gossypol isomer 5 that is characteristic for H. armigera and is absent in H. virescens feces. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that gossypol is partially metabolized by UGTs via glycosylation, which might be a crucial step in gossypol detoxification in generalist herbivores utilizing cotton as host plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Krempl
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Theresa Sporer
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Michael Reichelt
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Seung-Joon Ahn
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Hanna Heidel-Fischer
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Heiko Vogel
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - David G Heckel
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Nicole Joußen
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Pattanawongsa A, Nair PC, Rowland A, Miners JO. Human UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 2B10: Validation of Cotinine as a Selective Probe Substrate, Inhibition by UGT Enzyme-Selective Inhibitors and Antidepressant and Antipsychotic Drugs, and Structural Determinants of Enzyme Inhibition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 44:378-88. [PMID: 26669329 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115.068213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Although there is evidence for an important role of UGT2B10 in the N-glucuronidation of drugs and other xenobiotics, the inhibitor selectivity of this enzyme is poorly understood. This study sought primarily to characterize the inhibition selectivity of UGT2B10 by UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzyme-selective inhibitors used for reaction phenotyping, and 34 antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs that contain an amine functional group. Initial studies demonstrated that cotinine is a highly selective substrate of human liver microsomal UGT2B10. The kinetics of cotinine N-glucuronidation by recombinant UGT and human liver microsomes (± bovine serum albumin) were consistent with the involvement of a single enzyme. Of the UGT enzyme-selective inhibitors employed for reaction phenotyping, only the UGT2B4/7 inhibitor fluconazole reduced recombinant UGT2B10 activity to an appreciable extent. The majority of antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs screened for effects on UGT2B10 inhibited enzyme activity with IC50 values <100 µM. The most potent inhibition was observed with the tricyclic antidepressants amitriptyline and doxepin and the tetracyclic antidepressant mianserin, and the structurally related compounds desloratadine and loratadine. Molecular modeling using a ligand-based approach indicated that hydrophobic and charge interactions are involved in inhibitor binding, whereas spatial features influence the potency of UGT2B10 inhibition. Respective mean Ki,u (± S.D.) values for amitriptyline, doxepin, and mianserin inhibition of human liver microsomal UGT2B10 were 0.61 ± 0.05, 0.95 ± 0.18, and 0.43 ± 0.01 µM. In vitro-in vivo extrapolation indicates that these drugs may perpetrate inhibitory drug-drug interactions when coadministered with compounds that are cleared predominantly by UGT2B10.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Attarat Pattanawongsa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology (A.P., P.C.N., A.R., J.O.M.) and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer (A.R., P.C.N., J.O.M.), Flinders University School of Medicine, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Pramod C Nair
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology (A.P., P.C.N., A.R., J.O.M.) and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer (A.R., P.C.N., J.O.M.), Flinders University School of Medicine, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Andrew Rowland
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology (A.P., P.C.N., A.R., J.O.M.) and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer (A.R., P.C.N., J.O.M.), Flinders University School of Medicine, Adelaide, Australia
| | - John O Miners
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology (A.P., P.C.N., A.R., J.O.M.) and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer (A.R., P.C.N., J.O.M.), Flinders University School of Medicine, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Jones R, Marschmann M, Keller M, Qiu NH, Fowler S, Singer T, Schuler F, Funk C, Schadt S. Shedding light on minipig drug metabolism - elevated amide hydrolysis in vitro. Xenobiotica 2015; 46:483-94. [PMID: 26405846 DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1089452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
1. In recent years, the minipig is increasingly used as a test species in non-clinical assessment of drug candidates. While there is good scientific evidence available concerning cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism in minipig, the knowledge of other metabolic pathways is more limited. 2. The aim of this study was to provide an understanding of when, why, and how drug metabolism in minipig differs from other species commonly used in non-clinical studies. In-house cross-species metabolite profile comparisons in hepatocytes and microsomes of 38 Roche development compounds were retrospectively analyzed to compare the metabolism among minipig, human, rat, dog, monkey, rabbit and mouse. 3. A significant contributor to the elevated metabolism observed for certain compounds in minipig was identified as amide hydrolysis. The hepatic amide hydrolysis activity in minipig was further investigated in subcellular liver fractions and a structure-activity relationship was established. When structural motifs according to the established SAR are excluded, coverage of major human metabolic pathways was shown to be higher in minipig than in dog, and only slightly lower than in cynomolgus monkey. 4. A strategy is presented for early identification of drug compounds which might not be suited to further investigation in minipig due to excessive hydrolytic metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Russell Jones
- a Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd , Basel , Switzerland and
| | - Michaela Marschmann
- a Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd , Basel , Switzerland and
| | - Michael Keller
- b Institut fuer Pharmazeutische Wissenschaften, Albert-Ludwigs-Universitaet Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
| | - Na Hong Qiu
- a Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd , Basel , Switzerland and
| | - Stephen Fowler
- a Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd , Basel , Switzerland and
| | - Thomas Singer
- a Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd , Basel , Switzerland and
| | - Franz Schuler
- a Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd , Basel , Switzerland and
| | - Christoph Funk
- a Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd , Basel , Switzerland and
| | - Simone Schadt
- a Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd , Basel , Switzerland and
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Korprasertthaworn P, Polasek TM, Sorich MJ, McLachlan AJ, Miners JO, Tucker GT, Rowland A. In Vitro Characterization of the Human Liver Microsomal Kinetics and Reaction Phenotyping of Olanzapine Metabolism. Drug Metab Dispos 2015; 43:1806-14. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115.064790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
|
60
|
Tripathi SP, Prajapati R, Verma N, Sangamwar AT. Predicting substrate selectivity between UGT1A9 and UGT1A10 using molecular modelling and molecular dynamics approach. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2015.1044451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
61
|
Xiao Y, Yao Y, Jiang H, Lu C, Zeng S, Yu L. Regulation of uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase 1A3 activity by protein phosphorylation. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2015; 36:520-8. [PMID: 26094731 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.1963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation is a vital post-translational modification. This study investigated the effect of phosphorylation on human uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucuronosyltransferase 1A3 (UGT1A3) activity. Curcumin and calphostin C suppressed the activity and phosphorylation of recombinant UGT1A3 expressed in Sf9 cells. These results indicate that UGT1A3 undergoes phosphorylation, which is required for its catalytic activity. Calphostin C is a highly specific protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, so three predicted PKC phosphorylation sites in UGT1A3 were examined. Site-directed mutation analysis at residues 28, 43 and 436 (from serine to glycine) was conducted. Compared with the wild-type, the S43G-mutant showed significantly decreased UGT1A3 catalytic activity. Furthermore, the UGT1A3 activity of wild-type and S43G-mutant was down-regulated by calphostin C, whereas the calphostin C inhibitory effect was much weaker on the S43G-mutant than the wild-type. In conclusion, phosphorylation plays an important role in UGT1A3 activity, and the serine at site 43 in UGT1A3 is most likely a phosphorylation site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Xiao
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yan Yao
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Huidi Jiang
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chuan Lu
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Su Zeng
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lushan Yu
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Differential expression of the UGT1A family of genes in stomach cancer tissues. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:5831-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3253-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
|
63
|
Meech R, Mubarokah N, Shivasami A, Rogers A, Nair PC, Hu DG, McKinnon RA, Mackenzie PI. A novel function for UDP glycosyltransferase 8: galactosidation of bile acids. Mol Pharmacol 2014; 87:442-50. [PMID: 25519837 DOI: 10.1124/mol.114.093823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The human UDP glycosyltransferase (UGT) superfamily comprises four families of enzymes that catalyze the addition of sugar residues to small lipophilic chemicals. The UGT1 and UGT2 enzymes use UDP-glucuronic acid, and UGT3 enzymes use UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, UDP-glucose, and UDP-xylose to conjugate xenobiotics, including drugs and endobiotics such as metabolic byproducts, hormones, and signaling molecules. This metabolism renders the substrate more polar and more readily excreted from the body and/or functionally inactive. The fourth UGT family, called UGT8, contains only one member that, unlike other UGTs, is considered biosynthetic. UGT8 uses UDP galactose to galactosidate ceramide, a key step in the synthesis of brain sphingolipids. To date other substrates for this UGT have not been identified and there has been no suggestion that UGT8 is involved in metabolism of endo- or xenobiotics. We re-examined the functions of UGT8 and discovered that it efficiently galactosidates bile acids and drug-like bile acid analogs. UGT8 conjugates bile acids ∼60-fold more efficiently than ceramide based on in vitro assays with substrate preference deoxycholic acid > chenodeoxycholic acid > cholic acid > hyodeoxycholic acid > ursodeoxycholic acid. Activities of human and mouse UGT8 are qualitatively similar. UGT8 is expressed at significant levels in kidney and gastrointestinal tract (intestine, colon) where conjugation of bile acids is likely to be metabolically significant. We also investigate the structural determinants of UDP-galactose selectivity. Our novel findings suggest a new role for UGT8 as a modulator of bile acid homeostasis and signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robyn Meech
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology (R.M., N.M., A.S., A.R., P.C.N., D.G.H., R.A.M., P.I.M.) and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer Flinders University School of Medicine (R.A.M.), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Nurul Mubarokah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology (R.M., N.M., A.S., A.R., P.C.N., D.G.H., R.A.M., P.I.M.) and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer Flinders University School of Medicine (R.A.M.), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Aravind Shivasami
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology (R.M., N.M., A.S., A.R., P.C.N., D.G.H., R.A.M., P.I.M.) and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer Flinders University School of Medicine (R.A.M.), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Anne Rogers
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology (R.M., N.M., A.S., A.R., P.C.N., D.G.H., R.A.M., P.I.M.) and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer Flinders University School of Medicine (R.A.M.), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Pramod C Nair
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology (R.M., N.M., A.S., A.R., P.C.N., D.G.H., R.A.M., P.I.M.) and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer Flinders University School of Medicine (R.A.M.), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Dong Gui Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology (R.M., N.M., A.S., A.R., P.C.N., D.G.H., R.A.M., P.I.M.) and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer Flinders University School of Medicine (R.A.M.), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Ross A McKinnon
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology (R.M., N.M., A.S., A.R., P.C.N., D.G.H., R.A.M., P.I.M.) and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer Flinders University School of Medicine (R.A.M.), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Peter I Mackenzie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology (R.M., N.M., A.S., A.R., P.C.N., D.G.H., R.A.M., P.I.M.) and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer Flinders University School of Medicine (R.A.M.), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Rowland A, Mackenzie PI, Miners JO. Transporter-mediated uptake of UDP-glucuronic acid by human liver microsomes: assay conditions, kinetics, and inhibition. Drug Metab Dispos 2014; 43:147-53. [PMID: 25380805 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.114.060509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study characterized the kinetics, variability, and factors that affect UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP-GlcUA) uptake by human liver microsomes (HLM). Biphasic kinetics were observed for UDP-GlcUA uptake by HLM. Uptake affinities (assessed as Kd) of the high- and low-affinity components differed by more than an order of magnitude (13 ± 6 vs. 374 ± 175 µM), but were comparable in terms of the maximal rate of uptake, with mean Vmax values differing less than 2.3-fold (56 ± 26 vs. 131 ± 35 pmol/min per mg). Variability in total intrinsic transporter activity (Uint) for microsomal UDP-GlcUA uptake across 12 livers was less than 4-fold. Experiments performed to optimize the conditions for microsomal UDP-GlcUA uptake demonstrated that both components were trans-stimulated by preloading (luminal addition) with an alternate UDP-sugar, and essentially abolished by the thiol-alkylating agent N-ethylmaleimide. Furthermore, interaction studies undertaken with a panel of drugs, alternate UDP-sugars, and glucuronide conjugates, at low (2.5 μM) and high (1000 μM) UDP-GlcUA concentrations, demonstrated that both components were inhibited to varying extents. Notably, the nucleoside analogs zidovudine, stavudine, lamivudine, and acyclovir inhibited both the high- and low- affinity components of microsomal UDP-GlcUA uptake by >45% at an inhibitor concentration of 100 μM. Taken together, these data demonstrate that human liver microsomal UDP-GlcUA uptake involves multiple protein-mediated components, and raises the possibility of impaired in vivo glucuronidation activity resulting from inhibition of UDP-GlcUA uptake into the endoplasmic reticulum membrane by drugs and other compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Rowland
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Peter I Mackenzie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - John O Miners
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Ruiz ML, Mottino AD, Catania VA, Vore M. Hormonal regulation of hepatic drug biotransformation and transport systems. Compr Physiol 2014; 3:1721-40. [PMID: 24265243 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c130018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The human body is constantly exposed to many xenobiotics including environmental pollutants, food additives, therapeutic drugs, etc. The liver is considered the primary site for drug metabolism and elimination pathways, consisting in uptake, phase I and II reactions, and efflux processes, usually acting in this same order. Modulation of biotransformation and disposition of drugs of clinical application has important therapeutic and toxicological implications. We here provide a compilation and analysis of relevant, more recent literature reporting hormonal regulation of hepatic drug biotransformation and transport systems. We provide additional information on the effect of hormones that tentatively explain differences between sexes. A brief discussion on discrepancies between experimental models and species, as well as a link between gender-related differences and the hormonal mechanism explaining such differences, is also presented. Finally, we include a comment on the pathophysiological, toxicological, and pharmacological relevance of these regulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María L Ruiz
- Institute of Experimental Physiology, National University of Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
66
|
|
67
|
Abstract
Glucuronidation, catalyzed by uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), is an important process for the metabolism and clearance of many lipophilic chemicals, including drugs, environmental chemicals, and endogenous compounds. Glucuronidation is a bi-substrate reaction that requires the aglycone and a cofactor, UDPGA. Accumulating evidence suggests that the bi-substrate reaction follows a compulsory-order ternary mechanism. To simplify the kinetic modelling of glucuronidation reactions in vitro, UDPGA is usually added to incubations in large excess. Many factors have been shown to influence UGT activity and kinetics in vitro, and these must be accounted for in experimental design and data interpretation. Assessing drug-drug interactions (DDIs) involving UGT inhibition remains challenging. However, the increasing availability of UGT enzyme-specific substrate and inhibitor "probes" provides the prospect for more reliable reaction phenotyping and assessment of DDI potential. Although extrapolation of the in vitro intrinsic clearance of a glucuronidated drug often under-predicts in vivo clearance, careful selection of in vitro experimental conditions and inclusion of extrahepatic glucuronidation may improve the predictivity of in vitro-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE).
Collapse
|
68
|
In vitro glucuronidation of five rhubarb anthraquinones by intestinal and liver microsomes from humans and rats. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 219:18-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
69
|
Abstract
Human hepatic UGT2B15 developmental expression changes may alter the metabolism of important drugs and toxicants such as bisphenol A (BPA). Previously, UGT2B15 ontogeny knowledge consisted of transcript data, a dubious surrogate for protein expression. Herein, UGT2B15 protein content was determined in human hepatic microsomes (n = 236, 8 weeks gestation to 18 years). The impact of a common, functional single nucleotide polymorphism (g.253G>T), present in UGT2B15*2 and *5 alleles, was also tested. UGT2B15 expression began during late fetal life, at about 18% of mature values (medians = 48, 267 pmoles/mg of microsomal protein, respectively; p < 0.001). UGT2B15 neonatal (n = 39) and late fetal (≥28 weeks, n = 10) content was similar, but lower than that of infants between 3 and 15 weeks age (n = 46; medians = 38, 48, 404 pmoles/mg microsomal protein, respectively; p < 0.001). Values for the latter group were higher compared with the remaining age group (15 weeks to 18 years; n = 82, p < 0.001). UGT2B15 expression varied 31-fold across the entire sample, and within groups, ranged from 4- to 27-fold. Among postnatal samples, age group, the presence of g.253T and male gender were each significantly associated with greater UGT2B15 expression (p < 0.001, <0.01, and <0.05, respectively; stepwise linear regression). In summary, hepatic UGT2B15 protein onset begins in late gestation; however, the greatest rate of change occurs during the first few weeks after birth. We speculate that the fetus and neonate may have lower clearance of some UGT2B15 substrates, such as BPA, compared with older individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karthika Divakaran
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Ronald N Hines
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - D Gail McCarver
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Age-related changes in mRNA levels of hepatic transporters, cytochrome P450 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase in female rats. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2014; 40:239-44. [PMID: 24899460 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-014-0208-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic transporters and metabolic enzymes affect drug pharmacokinetics. Limited information exists on the alteration in mRNA levels of hepatic transporters and metabolic enzymes with aging. We examined the effects of aging on the mRNA levels of representative hepatic drug transporters and metabolic enzymes by analyzing their levels in 10-, 30- and 50-week-old male and female rats. Levels of mRNA of drug transporters including multidrug resistance protein (Mdr)1a, multidrug resistance-associated protein (Mrp)2, breast cancer resistance protein (Bcrp) and organic anion-transporting polypeptide (Oatp)1a1, and the metabolic enzymes cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A1, CYP3A2 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT)1A1 were analyzed using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The mRNA levels of transporters in male rats did not decrease with age, while the mRNA levels of Bcrp and Oatp1a1 in female rats decreased with age. The mRNA levels of CYP3A1 and CYP3A2 in male rats were higher than those in female rats. The mRNA levels of metabolic enzymes decreased with age in female but not male rats. In particular, the mRNA levels of UGT1A1 in 10-week-old female rats were higher than those in male rats. mRNA expression of hepatic transporters and metabolic enzymes are more susceptible to aging in female than male rats. The age-related decreases in the mRNA levels of Bcrp, Oatp1a1, CYP3A1 and CYP3A2 in female rats may affect the metabolism and transport of substrates. This study showed that aging affected the mRNA expression of hepatic transporters and metabolic enzymes in rats.
Collapse
|
71
|
Metabolic drug-drug interaction potential of macrolactin A and 7-O-succinyl macrolactin A assessed by evaluating cytochrome P450 inhibition and induction and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase inhibition in vitro. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2014; 58:5036-46. [PMID: 24890600 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00018-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrolactin A (MA) and 7-O-succinyl macrolactin A (SMA), polyene macrolides containing a 24-membered lactone ring, show antibiotic effects superior to those of teicoplanin against vancomycin-resistant enterococci and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. MA and SMA are currently being evaluated as antitumor agents in preclinical studies in Korea. We evaluated the potential of MA and SMA for the inhibition or induction of human liver cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) in vitro to assess their safety as new molecular entities. We demonstrated that MA and SMA are potent competitive inhibitors of CYP2C9, with Ki values of 4.06 μM and 10.6 μM, respectively. MA and SMA also weakly inhibited UGT1A1 activity, with Ki values of 40.1 μM and 65.3 μM, respectively. However, these macrolactins showed no time-dependent inactivation of the nine CYPs studied. In addition, MA and SMA did not induce CYP1A2, CYP2B6, or CYP3A4/5. On the basis of an in vitro-in vivo extrapolation, our data strongly suggested that MA and SMA are unlikely to cause clinically significant drug-drug interactions mediated via inhibition or induction of most of the CYPs involved in drug metabolism in vivo, except for the inhibition of CYP2C9 by MA. Similarly, MA and SMA are unlikely to inhibit the activity of UGT1A1, UGT1A4, UGT1A6, UGT1A9, and UGT2B7 enzymes in vivo. Although further investigations will be required to clarify the in vivo interactions of MA with CYP2C9-targeted drugs, our findings offer a clearer understanding and prediction of drug-drug interactions for the safe use of MA and SMA in clinical practice.
Collapse
|
72
|
Evaluation of the in vitro/in vivo drug interaction potential of BST204, a purified dry extract of ginseng, and its four bioactive ginsenosides through cytochrome P450 inhibition/induction and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase inhibition. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 68:117-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
73
|
Knights KM, Rowland A, Miners JO. Renal drug metabolism in humans: the potential for drug-endobiotic interactions involving cytochrome P450 (CYP) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT). Br J Clin Pharmacol 2014; 76:587-602. [PMID: 23362865 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.12086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although knowledge of human renal cytochrome P450 (CYP) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes and their role in xenobiotic and endobiotic metabolism is limited compared with hepatic drug and chemical metabolism, accumulating evidence indicates that human kidney has significant metabolic capacity. Of the drug metabolizing P450s in families 1 to 3, there is definitive evidence for only CYP 2B6 and 3A5 expression in human kidney. CYP 1A1, 1A2, 1B1, 2A6, 2C19, 2D6 and 2E1 are not expressed in human kidney, while data for CYP 2C8, 2C9 and 3A4 expression are equivocal. It is further known that several P450 enzymes involved in the metabolism of arachidonic acid and eicosanoids are expressed in human kidney, CYP 4A11, 4F2, 4F8, 4F11 and 4F12. With the current limited evidence of drug substrates for human renal P450s drug-endobiotic interactions arising from inhibition of renal P450s, particularly effects on arachidonic acid metabolism, appear unlikely. With respect to the UGTs, 1A5, 1A6, 1A7, 1A9, 2B4, 2B7 and 2B17 are expressed in human kidney, whereas UGT 1A1, 1A3, 1A4, 1A8, 1A10, 2B10, 2B11 and 2B15 are not. The most abundantly expressed renal UGTs are 1A9 and 2B7, which play a significant role in the glucuronidation of drugs, arachidonic acid, prostaglandins, leukotrienes and P450 derived arachidonic acid metabolites. Modulation by drug substrates (e.g. NSAIDs) of the intrarenal activity of UGT1A9 and UGT2B7 has the potential to perturb the metabolism of renal mediators including aldosterone, prostaglandins and 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, thus disrupting renal homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Knights
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
74
|
Maekawa M, Shimada M, Iida T, Goto J, Mano N. Tandem mass spectrometric characterization of bile acids and steroid conjugates based on low-energy collision-induced dissociation. Steroids 2014; 80:80-91. [PMID: 24296272 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2013.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We examined the characteristics of several bile acids and some steroid conjugates under low-energy-collision-induced dissociation conditions using a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer. According to conjugation types, we observed characteristic product ions and/or neutral losses in the product ion spectra. Amino acid conjugates afforded specific product ions. For example, glycine-conjugated metabolites routinely produced a product ion at m/z 74, and taurine-conjugated metabolites produced product ions at m/z 124, 107, and 80. When a strong peak appeared at m/z 97, the molecule contained a sulfate group. In contrast to amino acid conjugates, carbohydrate conjugates required a combination of product ions and neutral losses for identification. We could discriminate a glucoside from an acyl galactoside according to the presence or absence of a product ion at m/z 161 and a neutral loss of 180 Da. Discrimination among esters, aliphatic ethers, and phenolic ether types of glucuronides was based upon differences in the intensities of a product ion at m/z 175 and a neutral loss of 176 Da. Furthermore, N-acetylglucosamine conjugates showed a characteristic product ion at m/z 202 and a neutral loss of 203 Da, and the appearance of a product ion at m/z 202 revealed the existence of N-acetylglucosamine conjugated to an aliphatic hydroxyl group without a double bond in the immediate vicinity. Together, the data presented here will help to enable the identification of unknown conjugated cholesterol metabolites by using low-energy collision-induced dissociation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masamitsu Maekawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Miki Shimada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Takashi Iida
- Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University, Sakurajousui, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8550, Japan
| | - Junichi Goto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Nariyasu Mano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Polepally AR, Pennell PB, Brundage RC, Stowe ZN, Newport DJ, Viguera AC, Ritchie JC, Birnbaum AK. MODEL-BASED LAMOTRIGINE CLEARANCE CHANGES DURING PREGNANCY: CLINICAL IMPLICATION. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2014; 1:99-106. [PMID: 24883336 PMCID: PMC4038031 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of the study was to characterize changes in the oral clearance (CL/F) of lamotrigine (LTG) over the course of pregnancy and the postpartum period through a model-based approach incorporating clinical characteristics that may influence CL/F, in support of developing clinical management guidelines. Methods Women receiving LTG therapy who were pregnant or planning pregnancy were enrolled. Maternal blood samples were collected at each visit. A pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using a population-based, nonlinear, mixed-effects model. Results A total of 600 LTG concentrations from 60 women (64 pregnancies) were included. The baseline LTG CL/F was 2.16 L/h with a between-subject variability of 40.6%. The influence of pregnancy on CL/F was described by gestational week. Two subpopulations of women emerged based on the rate of increase in LTG CL/F during pregnancy. The gestational age-associated increase in CL/F displayed a 10-fold higher rate in 77% of the women (0.118 L/h per week) compared to 23% (0.0115 L/h per week). The between-subject variability in these slopes was 43.0%. The increased CL/F at delivery declined to baseline values with a half-life of 0.55 weeks. Interpretation The majority of women had a substantial increase in CL/F from 2.16 to 6.88 L/h by the end of pregnancy, whereas 23% of women had a minimal increase. An increase in CL/F may correspond to decreases in LTG blood concentrations necessitating the need for more frequent dosage adjustments and closer monitoring in some pregnant women with epilepsy. Postpartum doses should be tapered to preconception dose ranges within 3 weeks of delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akshanth R Polepally
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Page B Pennell
- Department of Neurology and Division of Women's Health at Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Richard C Brundage
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Zachary N Stowe
- Department of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - D Jeffrey Newport
- Departments of Psychiatry and Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio ; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - James C Ritchie
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia ; Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine
| | - Angela K Birnbaum
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Peng J, Lu J, Shen Q, Zheng M, Luo X, Zhu W, Jiang H, Chen K. In silico site of metabolism prediction for human UGT-catalyzed reactions. Bioinformatics 2013; 30:398-405. [DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btt681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
|
77
|
Wegner I, Wilhelm AJ, Sander JW, Lindhout D. The impact of age on lamotrigine and oxcarbazepine kinetics: a historical cohort study. Epilepsy Behav 2013; 29:217-21. [PMID: 23995050 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Age as well as estrogen levels may have an impact on the pharmacokinetics of lamotrigine (LTG) and monohydroxycarbazepine (MHD), the active metabolite of oxcarbazepine (OXC). To assess the effects of age and menopause, we evaluated retrospectively a therapeutic drug-monitoring database. Samples from 507 women and 302 men taking LTG and 464 women and 319 men taking OXC were used to develop a population pharmacokinetic model. Data were analyzed using NONMEM software and were compared with a population pharmacokinetic model based on samples of 1705 women and 1771 men taking carbamazepine (CBZ). Age was a significant factor contributing to pharmacokinetic variability in individuals using LTG, OXC, and CBZ with increasing clearance as a function of bioavailability (Cl/F) over age 18, a maximum Cl/F at 33years (CBZ) and 36 years (LTG and OXC), and a gradual decrease of Cl/F towards older age. We found no effect of perimenopausal age range on LTG and MHD clearance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilse Wegner
- SEIN - Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland, Zwolle, Netherlands; Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
78
|
Wagenstaller M, Buettner A. Quantitative determination of common urinary odorants and their glucuronide conjugates in human urine. Metabolites 2013; 3:637-57. [PMID: 24958143 PMCID: PMC3901281 DOI: 10.3390/metabo3030637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study on the identification of common odorants and their conjugates in human urine demonstrated that this substance fraction is a little-understood but nonetheless a promising medium for analysis and diagnostics in this easily accessible physiological medium. Smell as an indicator for diseases, or volatile excretion in the course of dietary processes bares high potential for a series of physiological insights. Still, little is known today about the quantitative composition of odorous or volatile targets, as well as their non-volatile conjugates, both with regard to their common occurrence in urine of healthy subjects, as well as in that of individuals suffering from diseases or other physiological misbalancing. Accordingly, the aim of our study was to develop a highly sensitive and selective approach to determine the common quantitative composition of selected odorant markers in healthy human subjects, as well as their corresponding glucuronide conjugates. We used one- and two-dimensional high resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in combination with stable isotope dilution assays to quantify commonly occurring and potent odorants in human urine. The studies were carried out on both native urine and on urine that had been treated by glucuronidase assays, with analysis of the liberated odor-active compounds using the same techniques. Analytical data are discussed with regard to their potential translation as future diagnostic tool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Wagenstaller
- Department for Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Emil Fischer Center, Schuhstr. 19, Erlangen 91052, Germany.
| | - Andrea Buettner
- Department for Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Emil Fischer Center, Schuhstr. 19, Erlangen 91052, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
van Beusekom CD, Fink-Gremmels J, Schrickx JA. Comparing the glucuronidation capacity of the feline liver with substrate-specific glucuronidation in dogs. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2013; 37:18-24. [DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. D. van Beusekom
- Veterinary Pharmacology; Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences; Utrecht University; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - J. Fink-Gremmels
- Veterinary Pharmacology; Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences; Utrecht University; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - J. A. Schrickx
- Veterinary Pharmacology; Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences; Utrecht University; Utrecht The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Evaluation and Optimisation of Current Milrinone Prescribing for the Treatment and Prevention of Low Cardiac Output Syndrome in Paediatric Patients After Open Heart Surgery Using a Physiology-Based Pharmacokinetic Drug–Disease Model. Clin Pharmacokinet 2013; 53:51-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s40262-013-0096-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
81
|
The UDP-glucuronosyltransferases: Their role in drug metabolism and detoxification. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2013; 45:1121-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 449] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Revised: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
82
|
Choong E, Loryan I, Lindqvist M, Nordling Å, el Bouazzaoui S, van Schaik RH, Johansson I, Jakobsson J, Ingelman-Sundberg M. Sex Difference in Formation of Propofol Metabolites: A Replication Study. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2013; 113:126-31. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Choong
- Section of Pharmacogenetics; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm; Sweden
| | - Irena Loryan
- Section of Pharmacogenetics; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm; Sweden
| | - Marja Lindqvist
- Section of Pharmacogenetics; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm; Sweden
| | - Åsa Nordling
- Section of Pharmacogenetics; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm; Sweden
| | - Samira el Bouazzaoui
- Department of Clinical Chemistry; Erasmus MC Rotterdam; Rotterdam; The Netherlands
| | - Ron H. van Schaik
- Department of Clinical Chemistry; Erasmus MC Rotterdam; Rotterdam; The Netherlands
| | - Inger Johansson
- Section of Pharmacogenetics; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm; Sweden
| | - Jan Jakobsson
- Section of Pharmacogenetics; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm; Sweden
| | - Magnus Ingelman-Sundberg
- Section of Pharmacogenetics; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm; Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Uchaipichat V, Suthisisang C, Miners JO. The Glucuronidation of R- and S-Lorazepam: Human Liver Microsomal Kinetics, UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Enzyme Selectivity, and Inhibition by Drugs. Drug Metab Dispos 2013; 41:1273-84. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.113.051656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
84
|
Tripathi SP, Bhadauriya A, Patil A, Sangamwar AT. Substrate selectivity of human intestinal UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs): in silico and in vitro insights. Drug Metab Rev 2013; 45:231-52. [PMID: 23461702 DOI: 10.3109/03602532.2013.767345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The current drug development process aims to produce safe, effective drugs within a reasonable time and at a reasonable cost. Phase II metabolism (glucuronidation) can affect drug action and pharmacokinetics to a considerable extent and so its studies and prediction at initial stages of drug development are very imperative. Extensive glucuronidation is an obstacle to oral bioavailability because the first-pass glucuronidation [or premature clearance by UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs)] of orally administered agents frequently results in poor oral bioavailability and lack of efficacy. Modeling of new chemical entities/drugs for UGTs and their kinetic data can be useful in understanding the binding patterns to be used in the design of better molecules. This review concentrates on first-pass glucuronidation by intestinal UGTs, including their topology, expression profile, and pharmacogenomics. In addition, recent advances are discussed with respect to substrate selectivity at the binding pocket, structural requirements, and mechanism of enzyme actions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satya Prakash Tripathi
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Punjab, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
85
|
Song JH, Fang ZZ, Zhu LL, Cao YF, Hu CM, Ge GB, Zhao DW. Glucuronidation of the broad-spectrum antiviral drug arbidol by UGT isoforms. J Pharm Pharmacol 2012; 65:521-7. [PMID: 23488780 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this work was to identify the uridine glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoforms involved in the metabolism of the broad-spectrum antiviral drug arbidol. METHODS A human liver microsome (HLM) incubation system was employed to catalyse the formation of arbidol glucuronide. The glucuronidation activity of commercially recombinant UGT isoforms towards arbidol was screened. A combination of kinetic analysis and chemical inhibition study was used to determine the UGT isoforms involved in arbidol's glucuronidation. KEY FINDINGS The arbidol glucuronide was detected when arbidol was incubated with HLMs in the presence of UDP-glucuronic acid. The Eadie-Hofstee plot showed that glucuronidation of arbidol was best fit to the Michaelis-Menten kinetic model, and K(m) and apparent V(max) were calculated to be 8.0 ± 0.7 μm and 2.03 ± 0.05 nmol/min/mg protein, respectively. Assessment of a panel of recombinant UGT isoforms revealed that UGT1A1, UGT1A3 and UGT1A9 could catalyse the glucuronidation of arbidol. Kinetic analysis and chemical inhibition study demonstrated that UGT1A9 was the predominant UGT isoform involved in arbidol glucuronidation in HLMs. CONCLUSIONS The major contribution of UGT1A9 towards arbidol glucuronidation was demonstrated in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hui Song
- Orthopedics Department, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
86
|
Korprasertthaworn P, Rowland A, Lewis BC, Mackenzie PI, Yoovathaworn K, Miners JO. Effects of amino acid substitutions at positions 33 and 37 on UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9 (UGT1A9) activity and substrate selectivity. Biochem Pharmacol 2012; 84:1511-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2012.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Revised: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
87
|
Phenotyping drug disposition in oncology. Cancer Treat Rev 2012; 38:715-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2011.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2011] [Revised: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
88
|
Strong inhibition of celastrol towards UDP-glucuronosyl transferase (UGT) 1A6 and 2B7 indicating potential risk of UGT-based herb-drug interaction. Molecules 2012; 17:6832-9. [PMID: 22669039 PMCID: PMC6268241 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17066832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Revised: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Celastrol, a quinone methide triterpene isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F., has various biochemical and pharmacological activities, and is now being developed as a promising anti-tumor agent. Inhibitory activity of compounds towards UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) is an important cause of clinical drug-drug interactions and herb-drug interactions. The aim of the present study is to investigate the inhibition of celastrol towards two important UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoforms UGT1A6 and UGT2B7. Recombinant UGT isoforms and non-specific substrate 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) were used. The results showed that celastrol strongly inhibited the UGT1A6 and 2B7-mediated 4-MU glucuronidation reaction, with 0.9 ± 0.1% and 1.8 ± 0.2% residual 4-MU glucuronidation activity at 100 μM of celastrol, respectively. Furthermore, inhibition kinetic study (Dixon plot and Lineweaver-Burk plot) demonstrated that celastrol noncompetitively inhibited the UGT1A1-mediated 4-MU glucuronidation, and competitively inhibited UGT2B7-catalyzed 4-MU glucuronidation. The inhibition kinetic parameters (Ki) were calculated to be 0.49 μM and 0.045 μM for UGT1A6 and UGT2B7, respectively. At the therapeutic concentration of celastrol for anti-tumor utilization, the possibility of celastrol-drug interaction and celastrol-containing herbs-drug interaction were strongly indicated. However, given the complicated nature of herbs, these results should be viewed with more caution.
Collapse
|
89
|
Meech R, Rogers A, Zhuang L, Lewis BC, Miners JO, Mackenzie PI. Identification of residues that confer sugar selectivity to UDP-glycosyltransferase 3A (UGT3A) enzymes. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:24122-30. [PMID: 22621930 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.343608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies in this laboratory characterized the UGT3A family enzymes, UGT3A1 and UGT3A2, and showed that neither uses the traditional UDP-glycosyltransferase UGT co-substrate UDP-glucuronic acid. Rather, UGT3A1 uses GlcNAc as preferred sugar donor and UGT3A2 uses UDP-Glc. The enzymatic characterization of UGT3A mutants, structural modeling, and multispecies gene analysis have now been employed to identify a residue within the active site of these enzymes that confers their unique sugar preferences. An asparagine (Asn-391) in the UGT signature sequence of UGT3A1 is necessary for utilization of UDP-GlcNAc. Conversely, a phenylalanine (Phe-391) in UGT3A2 favors UDP-Glc use. Mutation of Asn-391 to Phe in UGT3A1 enhances its ability to utilize UDP-Glc and completely inhibits its ability to use UDP-GlcNAc. An analysis of homology models docked with UDP-sugar donors indicates that Asn-391 in UGT3A1 is able to accommodate the N-acetyl group on C2 of UDP-GlcNAc so that the anomeric carbon atom (C1) is optimally situated for catalysis involving His-35. Replacement of Asn with Phe at position 391 disrupts this catalytically productive orientation of UDP-GlcNAc but allows a more optimal alignment of UDP-Glc for sugar donation. Multispecies sequence analysis reveals that only primates possess UGT3A sequences containing Asn-391, suggesting that other mammals may not have the capacity to N-acetylglucosaminidate small molecules. In support of this hypothesis, Asn-391-containing UGT3A forms from two non-human primates were found to use UDP-GlcNAc, whereas UGT3A isoforms from non-primates could not use this sugar donor. This work gives new insight into the residues that confer sugar specificity to UGT family members and suggests a primate-specific innovation in glycosidation of small molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robyn Meech
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders University School of Medicine and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
90
|
Meech R, Miners JO, Lewis BC, Mackenzie PI. The glycosidation of xenobiotics and endogenous compounds: Versatility and redundancy in the UDP glycosyltransferase superfamily. Pharmacol Ther 2012; 134:200-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
91
|
Sadeque AJM, Usmani KA, Palamar S, Cerny MA, Chen WG. Identification of Human UDP-Glucuronosyltransferases Involved in N-Carbamoyl Glucuronidation of Lorcaserin. Drug Metab Dispos 2012; 40:772-8. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.111.043448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
92
|
Nagaoka K, Hanioka N, Ikushiro S, Yamano S, Narimatsu S. The Effects of N-Glycosylation on the Glucuronidation of Zidovudine and Morphine by UGT2B7 Expressed in HEK293 Cells. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2012; 27:388-97. [DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.dmpk-11-rg-135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
93
|
Gessner DK, Ringseis R, Möller C, Eder K. Increased plasma thyroid hormone concentrations in LDL receptor deficient mice may be explained by inhibition of aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent expression of hepatic UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2011; 1820:495-502. [PMID: 22185956 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2011.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 12/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overexpression of SREBP-1 causes a repression of hepatic genes involved in phase II metabolism. In LDL receptor deficient (LDLR(-/-)) mice, active levels of SREBP-1 in the liver are increased. We investigated the hypothesis that LDLR(-/-) mice have increased concentrations of thyroid hormones in plasma due to a reduced hepatic glucuronidation. METHODS Female LDLR(-/-) and wild-type mice were used to study the effect of the LDLR(-/-) genotype on thyroid hormone metabolism. RESULTS LDLR(-/-) mice had a higher concentration of nuclear SREBP-1, higher concentrations of thyroxine and triiodothyronine in plasma, a lower expression of relevant UGT1A isoforms, reduced activities of pNP-UGT, T(3)-UGT and T(4)-UGT and a lower mRNA and protein concentration of AhR in the liver than wild-type mice (P<0.05). Plasma concentration of TSH, mRNA concentrations of various genes involved in thyroid hormone synthesis in the thyroid, activity of deiodinase and mRNA concentrations of two thyroid hormone responsive genes, CYP7A1 and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, in the liver did not differ between both genotypes. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that LDLR(-/-) mice have increased concentrations of thyroid hormones in plasma. This effect is probably due to an inhibition of thyroid hormone glucuronidation, which might be caused by down-regulation of UGT genes due to a reduced expression of AhR. However, with respect to plasma TSH concentration and expression of thyroid hormone responsive genes no overt hyperthyroidism was detected. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE LDL receptor deficiency leads to a reduced glucuronidation of thyroid hormones in the liver which causes a moderate increase of plasma thyroid hormone concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denise K Gessner
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
94
|
Lewis BC, Mackenzie PI, Miners JO. Homodimerization of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 (UGT2B7) and identification of a putative dimerization domain by protein homology modeling. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 82:2016-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Revised: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
95
|
Jacobs H, Koek GH, Peters R, Moalin M, Tack J, van der Vijgh WJ, Bast A, Haenen GR. Differences in Pharmacological Activities of the Antioxidant Flavonoid MonoHER in Humans and Mice Are Caused by Variations in Its Metabolic Profile. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2011; 90:852-9. [DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2011.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
96
|
Kundu R, Dasgupta S, Biswas A, Bhattacharya S, Pal BC, Bhattacharya S, Rao P, Barua N, Bordoloi M, Bhattacharya S. Carlinoside reduces hepatic bilirubin accumulation by stimulating bilirubin-UGT activity through Nrf2 gene expression. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 82:1186-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Revised: 06/12/2011] [Accepted: 07/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
97
|
Shiraga T, Yajima K, Suzuki K, Suzuki K, Hashimoto T, Iwatsubo T, Miyashita A, Usui T. Identification of UDP-Glucuronosyltransferases Responsible for the Glucuronidation of Darexaban, an Oral Factor Xa Inhibitor, in Human Liver and Intestine. Drug Metab Dispos 2011; 40:276-82. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.111.042614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
|
98
|
Influence of sex on propofol metabolism, a pilot study: implications for propofol anesthesia. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2011; 68:397-406. [DOI: 10.1007/s00228-011-1132-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
99
|
Hanioka N, Iwabu H, Hanafusa H, Nakada S, Narimatsu S. Expression and Inducibility of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1As in MCF-7 Human Breast Carcinoma Cells. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2011; 110:253-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2011.00790.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
100
|
Mimura Y, Maruo Y, Ohta Y, Sato H, Takeuchi Y. Effect of Common Exon Variant (p.P364L) on Drug Glucuronidation by the Human UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase 1 Family. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2011; 109:486-93. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2011.00754.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|