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Johnson CC, Aldea MA. Ethical Considerations for Telepsychotherapy and the Management of High-Risk Patients During Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19): Challenges and Practice Considerations. ETHICS & BEHAVIOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2020.1870979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Candice C. Johnson
- Department of Veterans Affairs, C. W. Bill Young Veterans Affairs Healthcare System
| | - Mirela A. Aldea
- Department of Veterans Affairs, C. W. Bill Young Veterans Affairs Healthcare System
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De Sousa A, Mohandas E, Javed A. Critical issues in treating COVID-19-positive psychiatric patients in low- and middle-income countries. BJPsych Int 2021. [PMCID: PMC7371843 DOI: 10.1192/bji.2020.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper considers certain specific issues that will be faced by low- and middle-income countries when treating psychiatric patients who test positive for COVID-19. The need for both medical and psychiatric units to do the same and challenges in the treatment and management of positive-testing patients are discussed.
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53
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Mutyambizi-Mafunda V, Myers B, Sorsdahl K, Chanakira E, Lund C, Cleary S. Economic evaluations of psychological treatments for common mental disorders in low- and middle-income countries: protocol for a systematic review. Glob Health Action 2021; 14:1972561. [PMID: 34514969 PMCID: PMC8439217 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2021.1972561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common mental disorders (CMDs) are highly prevalent conditions that constitute a major public health and economic burden on society in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Despite the increased demand for economic evidence to support resource allocation for scaled-up implementation of mental health services in these contexts, economic evaluations of psychological treatments for CMDs remain scarce. OBJECTIVE The proposed systematic review aims to synthesize findings on methods and outcomes of economic evaluations of psychological treatments for CMDs in LMICs and appraise quality. METHODS We will identify, select, and extract data from published economic evaluations of psychological interventions for CMDs conducted in LMICs. We will search bibliographic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, EconLit, PsycINFO, Africa-Wide Information, Cochrane library, Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD), Cost Effectiveness Analysis (CEA) Registry), and the African Journals Online (AJOL) and Google Scholar platforms. Only full economic evaluations (Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA), Cost-Utility Analysis (CUA), Cost-Consequence Analysis (CCA), or Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA)) of psychological treatments for CMDs (defined as depressive, anxiety, and substance use disorders) conducted in LMICs will be included. There will be no restrictions based on date of publication, perspective, follow-up duration or sample size. Data extraction will be guided by the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) checklist. RESULTS The results presented will be examined using a narrative synthesis approach. The quality of included studies will be assessed using the Drummond & Jefferson checklist. CONCLUSION The fledgling evidence base in this area provides an opportunity to promote improved economic evaluation methods in line with repeated calls for economic evidence alongside effectiveness evidence in these settings. A rigorously developed economic evaluation evidence base will support resource allocation decisions for scaled up implementation of psychological interventions in LMIC settings. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42020185277.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vimbayi Mutyambizi-Mafunda
- Health Economics Unit, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Bronwyn Myers
- Curtin enAble Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drug Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Addiction Psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Katherine Sorsdahl
- Alan J Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Esther Chanakira
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Crick Lund
- Alan J Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Susan Cleary
- Health Economics Unit, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Escolà-Gascón Á, Marín FX, Rusiñol J, Gallifa J. Evidence of the psychological effects of pseudoscientific information about COVID-19 on rural and urban populations. Psychiatry Res 2021; 295:113628. [PMID: 33340799 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This research aims to analyze the effects of pseudoscientific information (PI) about COVID-19 on the mental well-being of the general population. A total of 782 participants were classified according to the type of municipality in which they lived (rural municipalities and urban municipalities). The participants answered psychometric questionnaires that assessed psychological well-being, pseudoscientific beliefs and the ability to discriminate between scientific and pseudoscientific information about COVID-19. The results indicated the following: the greater the ability to discriminate between false information and true information, the greater the levels of psychological well-being perceived by the participant. The ability to discriminate predicts up to 32% of psychological well-being only for subjects living in rural municipalities. Residents in urban municipalities showed lower levels of well-being than residents in rural municipalities. It is concluded that new social resources are needed to help the general population of urban municipalities discriminate between pseudoscientific and scientific information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álex Escolà-Gascón
- Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE Blanquerna), Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Francesc-Xavier Marín
- Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE Blanquerna), Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Rusiñol
- Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE Blanquerna), Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Gallifa
- Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE Blanquerna), Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
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55
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Ramirez S, Aldunate MP, Arriagada C, Bueno M, Cuevas F, González X, Araya R, Gaete J. Brief Research Report: The Association Between Educational Experiences and Covid-19 Pandemic-Related Variables, and Mental Health Among Children and Adolescents. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:647456. [PMID: 33995147 PMCID: PMC8116561 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.647456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Mental health problems among children and adolescents are frequent. Today, the world is facing a pandemic with a novel coronavirus, which is related to the higher rates of mental problems reported worldwide. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of the Covid-19 related experiences, educational experiences, and family functioning on mental health and wellbeing among children and adolescents in Chile during the Pandemic and lockdown health measures. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis of the first wave of an ongoing longitudinal study among girls and boys of Pre-Kindergarten to 12th grade (4-18 years old) in Santiago, Chile. The sample consisted of 979 students from eight different schools. The method of data collection was online surveys administered to parents and adolescents. The dependent variables were mental health problems and wellbeing. Several independent variables were assessed (sociodemographic variables, Covid-19 related experiences, related educational experiences, and family functioning). A descriptive analysis and univariable and multivariable regression models were performed to study the association between variables. Results: Positive educational experiences, primarily academic self-concept, reduced the probability of mental health problems and increased wellbeing. Among covid-19 related variables, practicing meditation or praying reduced emotional problems, while having family or health problems increased emotional problems among adolescents. No clear association between Covid-19 related experiences variables among children was found. Conclusions: Our findings may help educational and public health authorities to plan future school preventive interventions to improve mental health and wellbeing in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saray Ramirez
- Departamento de Epidemiología y Estudios en Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Paz Aldunate
- Office of Children and Adolescents, Municipality of Lo Barnechea, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Arriagada
- Office of Children and Adolescents, Municipality of Lo Barnechea, Santiago, Chile
| | - Massiel Bueno
- Office of Children and Adolescents, Municipality of Lo Barnechea, Santiago, Chile
| | - Florencia Cuevas
- Office of Children and Adolescents, Municipality of Lo Barnechea, Santiago, Chile
| | - Xaviera González
- Office of Children and Adolescents, Municipality of Lo Barnechea, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo Araya
- Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jorge Gaete
- Faculty of Education, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,ANID, Millennium Science Initiative Program, Millennium Nucleus Imhay, Santiago, Chile
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56
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Cénat JM, Dalexis RD, Guerrier M, Noorishad PG, Derivois D, Bukaka J, Birangui JP, Adansikou K, Clorméus LA, Kokou-Kpolou CK, Ndengeyingoma A, Sezibera V, Auguste RE, Rousseau C. Frequency and correlates of anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in low- and middle-income countries: A multinational study. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 132:13-17. [PMID: 33035760 PMCID: PMC7527178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies have documented the significant direct and indirect psychological, social, and economic consequences of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in many countries but little is known on its impact in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) already facing difficult living conditions and having vulnerable health systems that create anxiety among the affected populations. Using a multinational convenience sample from four LMICs (DR Congo, Haiti, Rwanda, and Togo), this study aims to explore the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and associated risk and protective factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A total of 1267 individuals (40.8% of women) completed a questionnaire assessing exposure and stigmatization related to COVID-19, anxiety, and resilience. Analyses were performed to examine the prevalence and predictors of anxiety. RESULTS Findings showed a pooled prevalence of 24.3% (9.4%, 29.2%, 28.5%, and 16.5% respectively for Togo, Haiti, RDC, and Rwanda, x2 = 32.6, p < .0001). For the pooled data, exposure to COVID-19 (β = 0.06, p = .005), stigmatization related to COVID-19 (β = 0.03, p < .001), and resilience (β = -0.06, p < .001) contributed to the prediction of anxiety scores. Stigmatization related to COVID-19 was significantly associated to anxiety symptoms in all countries (β = 0.02, p < .00; β = 0.05, p = .013; β = 0.03, p = .021; β = 0.04, p < .001, respectively for the RDC, Rwanda, Haiti, and Togo). CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight the need for health education programs in LMICs to decrease stigmatization and the related fears and anxieties, and increase observance of health instructions. Strength-based mental health programs based on cultural and contextual factors need to be developed to reinforce both individual and community resilience and to address the complexities of local eco-systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jude Mary Cénat
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Rose Darly Dalexis
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Canada
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Saniotis A, Mohammadi K. Comment on psychological interventions during COVID-19: Challenges for Iraqi Kurdistan. Asian J Psychiatr 2020; 54:102284. [PMID: 32679531 PMCID: PMC7352100 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Saniotis
- Department of Anthropology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla St. 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland; Biological Anthropology and Comparative Anatomy Research Unit, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Kazhaleh Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Knowledge University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
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58
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Toros K, Falch-Eriksen A. A child's right to protection during the COVID-19 crisis: An exploratory study of the child protective services of Estonia. CHILDREN AND YOUTH SERVICES REVIEW 2020; 119:105568. [PMID: 33071404 PMCID: PMC7550890 DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In 2019 the novel Coronavirus COVID-19 was discovered, and the following year the World Health Organization declared a pandemic. This pandemic is unprecedented in human history and affects all aspects of life. In this article, we explore the pandemic's impact on child protective services in Estonia and survey a representative sample of child protection workers (n = 81), asking three open-ended questions designed to explore child protection practice. These questions concern the impact on organisational design, the workers' ability to conduct a diagnosis of a child's care context, and what knowledge they could draw upon, as well as the decision itself. The overall findings indicate that the organisational design left practice unprepared; there was a general lack of ability to act upon referrals and also to conduct investigations to evaluate care contexts. Furthermore, there is a general lack of knowledge of how to deal with protective practices and conduct decision-making during crisis situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karmen Toros
- Tallinn University, Narva mnt 25, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia
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59
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Hashmi N, Ullah I, El Hayek S, Shakoor N. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and service delivery during pregnancy: Role of telepsychiatry. Asian J Psychiatr 2020; 54:102461. [PMID: 33271738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nida Hashmi
- Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Kabir Medical College, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Samer El Hayek
- Department of Psychiatry, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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60
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Lal A, Sanaullah A, M Saleem MK, Ahmed N, Maqsood A, Ahmed N. Psychological Distress among Adults in Home Confinement in the Midst of COVID-19 Outbreak. Eur J Dent 2020; 14:S27-S33. [PMID: 33242914 PMCID: PMC7840433 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1718644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate psychological distress caused by the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic among the adult population residing in Pakistan.
Materials and Methods
This cross-sectional survey-based study comprised 1,000 adults residing in Pakistan. A questionnaire was formulated and circulated among adult population of Pakistan, the depression and anxiety symptoms using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scales were assessed.
Statistical Analysis
Independent
t
-test, cross tabulation, and regression analysis were used to identify variables having impact on PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores. A
p
-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
Among 1,000 participants, 573 were males and 427 were females who completed the survey. Majority were restricted to home for more than 40 days. Considerable number of participants reported depressive (540, 54%) and anxiety (480, 48%) symptoms. Gender, age, earnings, and occupation have significant relation with psychological distress, although similar was not found with education levels.
Conclusion
Psychological distress, a concerning yet addressable issue was found among adults arising amid COVID-19 outbreak. Currently, physical health effects of COVID-19 are being looked, while mental health effects being under-addressed. This issue should be addressed to avoid any psychological impact in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Lal
- Department of Dental Surgery, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Anas Sanaullah
- Department of Dental Surgery, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Naseer Ahmed
- Department of Prosthodontics, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan.,Prosthodontics Unit, School of Dental Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Afsheen Maqsood
- Department of Oral Pathology, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Naseer Ahmed
- Department of Community Dentistry, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan
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61
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Escolà-Gascón Á, Marín FX, Rusiñol J, Gallifa J. Measuring Psychosocial Reactions to COVID-19: The COVID Reaction Scales (COVID-RS) as a New Assessment Tool. Front Psychol 2020; 11:607064. [PMID: 33329283 PMCID: PMC7718022 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.607064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowing and measuring the psychosocial reactions of people to the coronavirus crisis could be useful for predicting citizen responsibility and psychological well-being in the general population. In this research, we present the COVID Reaction Scales (COVID-RS), a new tool that can measure and quantify the psychopathological reactions of the population to the COVID-19 crisis. The sample consisted of 667 subjects. Explorative and confirmative factor analyses were applied to examine the validity and reliability of the COVID-RS. Five dimensions were extracted that predicted 35.08% of the variance of the psychopathological reactions: (1) disorganized behaviors, (2) avoidant behaviors, (3) maladaptive information consumption, (4) herd behaviors and (5) loneliness. The results indicated that social quarantine induces and increases psychopathological reactions. However, emotional loneliness is reduced for each person with whom the respective subject lives during the quarantine. Finally, we can conclude that the COVID-RS has satisfactory validity and reliability. Measuring dysfunctional reactions to COVID-19 can enable the prediction of citizen responsibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álex Escolà-Gascón
- School of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE Blanquerna), Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc-Xavier Marín
- School of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE Blanquerna), Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Rusiñol
- School of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE Blanquerna), Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Gallifa
- School of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE Blanquerna), Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
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Hamadani JD, Hasan MI, Baldi AJ, Hossain SJ, Shiraji S, Bhuiyan MSA, Mehrin SF, Fisher J, Tofail F, Tipu SMMU, Grantham-McGregor S, Biggs BA, Braat S, Pasricha SR. Immediate impact of stay-at-home orders to control COVID-19 transmission on socioeconomic conditions, food insecurity, mental health, and intimate partner violence in Bangladeshi women and their families: an interrupted time series. Lancet Glob Health 2020; 8:e1380-e1389. [PMID: 32857955 PMCID: PMC7447230 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30366-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stay-at-home orders (lockdowns) have been deployed globally to control COVID-19 transmission, and might impair economic conditions and mental health, and exacerbate risk of food insecurity and intimate partner violence. The effect of lockdowns in low-income and middle-income countries must be understood to ensure safe deployment of these interventions in less affluent settings. We aimed to determine the immediate impact of COVID-19 lockdown orders on women and their families in rural Bangladesh. METHODS An interrupted time series was used to compare data collected from families in Rupganj upazila, rural Bangladesh (randomly selected from participants in a randomised controlled trial), on income, food security, and mental health a median of 1 year and 2 years before the COVID-19 pandemic to data collected during the lockdown. We also assessed women's experiences of intimate partner violence during the pandemic. RESULTS Between May 19 and June 18, 2020, we randomly selected and invited the mothers of 3016 children to participate in the study, 2424 of whom provided consent. 2414 (99·9%, 95% CI 99·6-99·9) of 2417 mothers were aware of, and adhering to, the stay-at-home advice. 2321 (96·0%, 95·2-96·7) of 2417 mothers reported a reduction in paid work for the family. Median monthly family income fell from US$212 at baseline to $59 during lockdown, and the proportion of families earning less than $1·90 per day rose from five (0·2%, 0·0-0·5) of 2422 to 992 (47·3%, 45·2-49·5) of 2096 (p<0·0001 comparing baseline with lockdown period). Before the pandemic, 136 (5·6%, 4·7-6·6) of 2420 and 65 (2·7%, 2·1-3·4) of 2420 families experienced moderate and severe food insecurity, respectively. This increased to 881 (36·5%, 34·5-38·4) of 2417 and 371 (15·3%, 13·9-16·8) of 2417 during the lockdown; the number of families experiencing any level of food insecurity increased by 51·7% (48·1-55·4; p<0·0001). Mothers' depression and anxiety symptoms increased during the lockdown. Among women experiencing emotional or moderate physical violence, over half reported it had increased since the lockdown. INTERPRETATION COVID-19 lockdowns present significant economic, psychosocial, and physical risks to the wellbeing of women and their families across economic strata in rural Bangladesh. Beyond supporting only the most socioeconomically deprived, support is needed for all affected families. FUNDING National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrew J Baldi
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Shamima Shiraji
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Jane Fisher
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Fahmida Tofail
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Beverley-Ann Biggs
- Department of Medicine, Peter Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sabine Braat
- Department of Medicine, Peter Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sant-Rayn Pasricha
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Diagnostic Haematology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Clinical Haematology at the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC Australia.
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63
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Kar SK, Menon V, Yasir Arafat SM, Kabir R. Research in Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Quality versus quantity. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2020; 20:e406-e407. [PMID: 33414953 PMCID: PMC7757926 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.2020.20.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sujita K. Kar
- Department of Psychiatry, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow India
| | - Vikas Menon
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - S. M. Yasir Arafat
- Department of Psychiatry, Enam Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Russell Kabir
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine, and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, United Kingdom
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Zhang Y, Wang S, Ding W, Meng Y, Hu H, Liu Z, Zeng X, Guan Y, Wang M. Status and influential factors of anxiety depression and insomnia symptoms in the work resumption period of COVID-19 epidemic: A multicenter cross-sectional study. J Psychosom Res 2020; 138:110253. [PMID: 32979696 PMCID: PMC7500335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, the authors analyzed the status of anxiety depression and insomnia symptoms and influential factors in the work resumption period of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS A multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted from March 2, 2020 to March 8, 2020 in Shandong Province, China, using quota sampling combined with snowball sampling. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) were used to assess the anxiety, depression, and insomnia symptoms. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influential factors. RESULTS A total of 4000 invitations were sent from three centers, 3237 valid questionnaires were received. Based on GAD-7, PHQ-9, and ISI scales, 19.5%-21.7% of the participants had anxiety, depression, or insomnia symptoms; 2.9%-5.6% had severe symptoms. Besides, 2.4%, 4.8%, and 4.5% of the participants had anxiety-depression, anxiety-insomnia, or depression-insomnia combined symptoms. The scores of anxiety and insomnia symptoms, along with scores of depression and insomnia symptoms were positively correlated in these samples. Aged 50-64 years and outside activities once in ≥30 days were risk factors of anxiety, depression, and insomnia symptoms in common. During the epidemic, 17.4% of the participants had received psychological interventions, and only 5.2% had received individual interventions. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of psychological distress increased during the outbreak of COVID-19 in the work resumption period than the normal period. Current psychological interventions were insufficient; target psychological interventions should be conducted in time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China,Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dalian Municipal Women and Children's Medical Center, Dalian, Liaoning 116037, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, SanBo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Yao Meng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Huiting Hu
- Department of Neurology, Heze Mudan People's Hospital, Heze, Shandong 274000, China
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- Sleep Medicine Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Xianwei Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yuguang Guan
- Department of Neurosurgery, SanBo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100093, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Epilepsy, Beijing 100093, China,Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Minzhong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
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Windarwati HD, Oktaviana W, Mukarromah I, Ati NAL, Rizzal AF, Sulaksono AD. In the middle of the COVID-19 outbreak: Early practical guidelines for psychosocial aspects of COVID-19 in East Java, Indonesia. Psychiatry Res 2020; 293:113395. [PMID: 32866795 PMCID: PMC7431361 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
It is generally recognized that psychosocial interventions are an essential component in dealing with the COVID-19 outbreak. Research focusing on the handling of psychosocial conditions in the COVID-19 outbreak seems sparse. After reviewing several scholarly articles, we recommend several things that can be used as a basis for developing practical guidelines for handling psychosocial problems, especially in East Java Province, Indonesia. Development of practical guidelines for first-hand response and early treatment of psychosocial aspects of COVID-19 in East Java Province, Indonesia, based on the recommendations of 14 articles related to COVID-19 psychosocial handling was carried out. Some evidence strongly supports the need for knowledge about the stages of COVID-19, understanding of psychosocial responses, understanding of psychosocial interventions, and availability of hotline services in psychosocial interventions at each stage of the COVID-19 outbreak. It is important to provide practical guidance for the early management of psychosocial aspects of the innovative COVID-19 in providing more comprehensive care. There is strong evidence of the need for practical guidance on initial handling of the psychosocial aspects of COVID-19 for the community, especially in Indonesia's East Java Province.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wita Oktaviana
- Technical Team for Handling Mental Health Problems in the Health Office of East Java Province
| | - Indah Mukarromah
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Pesantren Tinggi Darul'Ulum.
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Yassa M, Yassa A, Yirmibeş C, Birol P, Ünlü UG, Tekin AB, Sandal K, Mutlu MA, Çavuşoğlu G, Tug N. Anxiety levels and obsessive compulsion symptoms of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Turk J Obstet Gynecol 2020; 17:155-160. [PMID: 33072418 PMCID: PMC7538825 DOI: 10.4274/tjod.galenos.2020.91455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Reliable data regarding maternal mental well-being during the Severe Acute Respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic are scarce. This study aimed to assess the state/trait anxiety and obsessive-compulsive symptoms of pregnant women and compare those with the non-pregnant population using patient-reported validated outcome measures. Materials and Methods This prospective case-control study was conducted at a tertiary 'Coronavirus Pandemic Hospital' in İstanbul, Turkey in April, 2020. Pregnant and non-pregnant women were consecutively allocated to two groups regardless of gestational age. The primary outcome was to identify the anxiety levels and obsessive-compulsive symptoms of pregnant women during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic using the State-Trait Anxiety inventory (STAI) and Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive inventory (MOCI), respectively. Results Two hundred three pregnant women and 101 non-pregnant women were included. The mean STAI-S questionnaire score of pregnant and nonpregnant women was 41.96±9.15 and 46.62±12, respectively (p=0.001). The overall incidence of STAI >40 in pregnant and non-pregnant women was 62.6% and 73.3%, respectively. The mean total score of MOCI was 17.9±6.7 and 15±6.6 in pregnant and non-pregnant women, respectively. The overall incidence of 30-item-MOCI ≥13.1 in pregnant and non-pregnant women was 61.6% (125/203) and 30.7% (31/103), respectively (p<0.001). Conclusion State anxiety and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in pregnant women were found increased during the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Pregnant women showed more favourable anxiety levels compared with non-pregnant women. These findings can be used to improve the coping skills of pregnant women during the pandemic, to prepare for the post-pandemic period, and to deal with the long-term mental health impact of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Yassa
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Şehit Prof. Dr. İlhan Varank Sancaktepe Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Yassa
- Tuzla State Hospital, Clinic of Psychiatry, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Cihangir Yirmibeş
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Şehit Prof. Dr. İlhan Varank Sancaktepe Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Pınar Birol
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Şehit Prof. Dr. İlhan Varank Sancaktepe Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Umur Göktuğ Ünlü
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Şehit Prof. Dr. İlhan Varank Sancaktepe Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Arzu Bilge Tekin
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Şehit Prof. Dr. İlhan Varank Sancaktepe Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Kemal Sandal
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Şehit Prof. Dr. İlhan Varank Sancaktepe Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Memiş Ali Mutlu
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Şehit Prof. Dr. İlhan Varank Sancaktepe Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gül Çavuşoğlu
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Şehit Prof. Dr. İlhan Varank Sancaktepe Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Niyazi Tug
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Şehit Prof. Dr. İlhan Varank Sancaktepe Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, İstanbul, Turkey
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Seyed Hashemi SG, Hosseinnezhad S, Dini S, Griffiths MD, Lin CY, Pakpour AH. The mediating effect of the cyberchondria and anxiety sensitivity in the association between problematic internet use, metacognition beliefs, and fear of COVID-19 among Iranian online population. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05135. [PMID: 33072911 PMCID: PMC7547399 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rapid growth of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), individuals may try to find related medical information using the internet to overcome their fears. Under such circumstances, individuals with the features of cyberchondria, anxiety sensitivity, and metacognitive beliefs in negative thoughts may suffer more fears than those without these features. Therefore, the present study proposed a model to understand the associations between problematic internet use (PIU), cyberchondria, anxiety sensitivity, metacognition beliefs, and fear of COVID-19. Utilizing a cross-sectional online survey, 651 Iranians completed the following psychometric scales: Metacognition Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30), Anxiety Sensitivity Questionnaire (ASI), Cyberchondria Severity Scale-Short Form (CSS-12), Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), and Generalized Problematic Internet Use Scale (GPIUS). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to assess the proposed model via several fit indices. The indices include Tucker-Lewis index (TLI), comparative fit index (CFI), standardized root mean square residual (SRMR), and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA). The fit indices (CFI = 0.948, TLI = 0.938, RMSEA = 0.053, and SRMR = 0.001) indicated the good fit between the data and the proposed model. Moreover, fear of COVID-19 was significantly and directly predicted by cyberchondria (β = 0.479, p < .001) and anxiety sensitivity (β = 0.286, p < .001). The relationship between PIU and cyberchondria with fear of COVID-19 was mediated significantly by anxiety sensitivity and metacognitive beliefs. Because fear of COVID-19 was found to be significantly associated with cyberchondria and anxiety sensitivity, healthcare providers may want to provide additional support for those with cyberchondria and anxiety sensitivity tendencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ghasem Seyed Hashemi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Solmaz Dini
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Bonab Branch, Payame Noor University, Bonab, Iran
| | - Mark D. Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Amir H. Pakpour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
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68
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Ramalho R, Adiukwu F, Gashi Bytyçi D, El Hayek S, Gonzalez-Diaz JM, Larnaout A, Grandinetti P, Kundadak GK, Nofal M, Pereira-Sanchez V, Pinto da Costa M, Ransing R, Schuh Teixeira AL, Shalbafan M, Soler-Vidal J, Syarif Z, Orsolini L. Telepsychiatry and healthcare access inequities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Asian J Psychiatr 2020; 53:102234. [PMID: 32585636 PMCID: PMC7296313 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Ramalho
- Department of Social and Community Health, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Frances Adiukwu
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Drita Gashi Bytyçi
- Hospital and University Clinical Service of Kosovo, Community Based Mental Health Center and House for Integration, Prizren, Kosovo
| | - Samer El Hayek
- Department of Psychiatry, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jairo M Gonzalez-Diaz
- CERSAME School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario - Clínica Nuestra Señora de la Paz, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Amine Larnaout
- Razi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Paolo Grandinetti
- Addictions Service, Department of Territorial Services, Italian National Health System, ASL Teramo, Italy
| | | | | | - Victor Pereira-Sanchez
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mariana Pinto da Costa
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Hospital de Magalhães Lemos, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ramdas Ransing
- Department of Psychiatry, BKL Walalwalkar Rural Medical College, Maharashtra, India
| | - Andre Luiz Schuh Teixeira
- Department of Childhood and Adolescent Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Joan Soler-Vidal
- Fidmag Research Foundation, Hermanas Hospitalarias, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital Benito Menni CASM, Hermanas Hospitalarias, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain; University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zulvia Syarif
- Department of Psychiatry, Tarakan General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Laura Orsolini
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences/DIMSC, School of Medicine, Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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69
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Dal Santo F, Rodríguez-Revuelta J, García-Portilla MP, Bobes J. Psychiatry residency during the COVID-19 pandemic: Navigating uncharted waters. Asian J Psychiatr 2020; 53:102214. [PMID: 32599439 PMCID: PMC7297154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Dal Santo
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Julia Rodríguez-Revuelta
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), Oviedo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - María Paz García-Portilla
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), Oviedo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Julio Bobes
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), Oviedo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
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70
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Affiliation(s)
- Afzal Javed
- WPA President-Elect and Chair of WPA Planning Committee 2017-2020
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71
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Niederkrotenthaler T, Gunnell D, Arensman E, Pirkis J, Appleby L, Hawton K, John A, Kapur N, Khan M, O'Connor RC, Platt S. Suicide Research, Prevention, and COVID-19. CRISIS 2020; 41:321-330. [PMID: 32716205 PMCID: PMC8729451 DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Niederkrotenthaler
- Unit Suicide Research and Mental Health
Promotion, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Centre for Public
Health, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - David Gunnell
- National Institute of Health Research
Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust
and the University of Bristol, UK
| | - Ella Arensman
- School of Public Health and National
Suicide Research Foundation, College of Medicine and Health, University College
Cork, Republic of Ireland
| | - Jane Pirkis
- Melbourne School of Population and Global
Health, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Louis Appleby
- Centre for Mental Health & Safety, The
University of Manchester, UK
| | - Keith Hawton
- Centre for Suicide Research, Department of
Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Ann John
- Population Psychiatry, Suicide and
Informatics, Medical School, Swansea University, UK
| | - Nav Kapur
- Centre for Mental Health and Safety &
Greater Manchester NIHR Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, University
of Manchester and Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust,
Manchester, UK
| | - Murad Khan
- Department of Psychiatry, Aga Khan
University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rory C. O'Connor
- Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory,
Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Steve Platt
- Usher Institute, College of Medicine and
Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - The International COVID-19 Suicide Prevention Research Collaboration
- Pablo Analuisa, Louis Appleby,
Ella Arensman, Jose Luis Ayuso-Mateos, Jason Bantjes, Jose Bertolote,
Eric Caine, Lai Fong Chan, Shu-Sen Chang, Ying-Yeh Chen,
Helen Christensen, Rakhi Dandona, Diego De Leo, Michael Eddleston,
Annette Erlangsen, David Gunnell, Jill Harkavy-Friedman,
Keith Hawton, Ann John, Fabrice Jollant, Nav Kapur, Murad
Khan, Olivia J. Kirtley, Duleeka Knipe, Kairi Kolves, Flemming
Konradsen, Shiwei Liu, Sally McManus, Lars Mehlum, Matt
Miller, Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz, Paul Moran, Jacqui
Morrissey, Christine Moutier, Thomas Niederkrotenthaler,
Emma Nielsen, Merete Nordentoft, Rory O’Connor, Siobhan
O’Neill, Maria Oquendo, Joseph Osafo, Andrew Page, Michael
R. Phillips, Jane Pirkis, Steve Platt, Boris Polozhy, Maurizio
Pompili, Ping Qin, Thilini Rajapakse, Mohsen Rezaeian,
Barbara Schneider, Morton M. Silverman, Mark Sinyor, Steven
Stack, Ellen Townsend, Gustavo Turecki, Michiko Ueda,
Lakshmi Vijayakumar, Paul Yip, Gil Zalsman
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72
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Arafat SY, Alradie-Mohamed A, Kar SK, Sharma P, Kabir R. COVID-19 online surveys need to follow standards and guidelines: Comment on "does COVID-19 pandemic affect sexual behavior? A cross-sectional, cross-national online survey" and "binge watching behavior during COVID 19 pandemic: A cross-sectional, cross-national online survey"- authors' reply. Psychiatry Res 2020; 291:113211. [PMID: 32535513 PMCID: PMC7278639 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S.M. Yasir Arafat
- Department of Psychiatry, Enam Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka 1340, Bangladesh,Corresponding author
| | - Angi Alradie-Mohamed
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine, and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, UK
| | - Sujita Kumar Kar
- Department of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, U.P., India
| | - Pawan Sharma
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Russell Kabir
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine, and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, UK
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Shah K, Mann S, Singh R, Bangar R, Kulkarni R. Impact of COVID-19 on the Mental Health of Children and Adolescents. Cureus 2020; 12:e10051. [PMID: 32999774 PMCID: PMC7520396 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.10051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak was first reported in Wuhan, China, and was later reported to have spread throughout the world to create a global pandemic. As of August 18th, 2020, the coronavirus had spread to more than 216 countries with at least 21,756,357 confirmed cases, resulting in 771,635 deaths globally. Several countries declared this pandemic as a national emergency, forcing millions of people to go into lockdown. This unexpected imposed social isolation has caused enormous disruption of daily routines for the global community, especially children. Among the measures intended to reduce the spread of the virus, most schools closed, canceled classes, and moved it to home-based or online learning to encourage and adhere to social distancing guidelines. Education and learnings of 67.6% of students are impacted globally due to coronavirus in 143 countries. The transition away from physical classes has significantly disrupted the lives of students and their families, posing a potential risk to the mental well-being of children. An abrupt change in the learning environment and limited social interactions and activities posed an unusual situation for children's developing brains. It is essential and obligatory for the scientific community and healthcare workers to assess and analyze the psychological impact caused by the coronavirus pandemic on children and adolescents, as several mental health disorders begin during childhood. Countries across the globe, including the United States, are in the dilemma of determining appropriate strategies for children to minimize the psychological impact of coronavirus. The design of this review is to investigate and identify the risk factors to mental health and propose possible solutions to avoid the detrimental consequence of this crisis on the psychology of our future adult generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushal Shah
- Psychiatry, Griffin Memorial Hospital, Norman, USA
| | - Shivraj Mann
- Research, All Saints University School of Medicine, Roseau, DMA
| | - Romil Singh
- Internal Medicine, Metropolitan Hospital, Jaipur, IND
| | - Rahul Bangar
- Internal Medicine, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda, IND
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Trivedy C. Is 2020 the year when primatologists should cancel fieldwork? A reply. Am J Primatol 2020; 82:e23173. [PMID: 32662075 PMCID: PMC7404521 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this article is to explore the impact of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on primate-related conservation work. The withdrawal of primatologists and conservation staff from field research can lead to a number of detrimental effects not just on conservation but also on local communities in low- and middle-income countries. Inequalities in access to health and financial insecurities may be drivers for the illegal wildlife trade and the lack of tourism and research activity may allow poachers to work with greater ease. The paper also looks at how conservation organizations and research bodies should modify their field protocols by developing robust occupational health policies that will not only make field work safer but also support local staff as they are likely to face the greatest threats to their physical health, psychological health, and economic loss from COVID-19. By adopting a One Health approach that considers the complex interactions between human and primate health, researchers will be able to find new ways of working not only to protect primates but understand how they adapt to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chet Trivedy
- Department of Neuroscience and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
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75
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Escolà-Gascón Á, Marín FX, Rusiñol J, Gallifa J. Pseudoscientific beliefs and psychopathological risks increase after COVID-19 social quarantine. Global Health 2020; 16:72. [PMID: 32731864 PMCID: PMC7391050 DOI: 10.1186/s12992-020-00603-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The health crisis caused by COVID-19 has led many countries to opt for social quarantine of the population. During this quarantine, communication systems have been characterized by disintermediation, the acceleration of digitization and an infodemic (excess and saturation of information). The following debate arises: Do the levels related to the psychotic phenotype and pseudoscientific beliefs related to the interpretation of information vary before and after social quarantine? OBJECTIVES This research aims to examine the psychological effects of social quarantine on the psychotic phenotype and pseudoscientific beliefs-experiences of the general nonclinical population. The following hypothesis was posed: social quarantine alters the levels of magical thinking, pseudoscientific beliefs and anomalous perceptions due to quarantine. METHODS A pre- and posttest analysis design was applied based on the difference in means, and complementary Bayesian estimation was performed. A total of 174 Spanish subjects responded to different questionnaires that evaluated psychopathological risks based on psychotic phenotypes, pseudoscientific beliefs and experiences before and after quarantine. RESULTS Significant differences were obtained for the variables positive psychotic symptoms, depressive symptoms, and certain perceptual alterations (e.g., cenesthetic perceptions), and a significant increase in pseudoscientific beliefs was also observed. The perceptual disturbances that increased the most after quarantine were those related to derealization and depersonalization. However, paranoid perceptions showed the highest increase, doubling the initial standard deviation. These high increases could be related to the delimitation of physical space during social quarantine and distrust towards information communicated by the government to the population. Is it possible that social alarmism generated by the excess of information and pseudoscientific information has increased paranoid perceptual alterations? CONCLUSIONS Measures taken after quarantine indicate that perceptual disturbances, subclinical psychotic symptoms and beliefs in the pseudoscience have increased. We discuss which elements of quarantine coincide with the social marginality theory and its clinical repercussions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álex Escolà-Gascón
- Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE Blanquerna), Ramon Llull University, 34 Císter St., 08022, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Francesc-Xavier Marín
- Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE Blanquerna), Ramon Llull University, 34 Císter St., 08022, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Rusiñol
- Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE Blanquerna), Ramon Llull University, 34 Císter St., 08022, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Gallifa
- Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE Blanquerna), Ramon Llull University, 34 Císter St., 08022, Barcelona, Spain
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76
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Javed A, Mohandas E, Sousa AD. The interface of psychiatry and COVID-19: Challenges for management of psychiatric patients. Pak J Med Sci 2020; 36:1133-1136. [PMID: 32704300 PMCID: PMC7372677 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.36.5.3073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is a viral infection that has multisystemic physical and psychological complications. The following paper looks at the various challenges seen while treating psychiatric patients during the COVID pandemic. There is a need for physician to be aware of the drug interactions between psychiatric medications and the medications used routinely in the management of COVID. There is also the concern of psychiatric side effects of medications used to manage COVID and medical complications caused by some side effects of psychiatric drugs. The telepsychiatry and telemedicine paradigm has made it mandatory for physicians to be vigilant of the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afzal Javed
- Afzal Javed Immediate Past President - Asian Federation of Psychiatric Associations & President Elect-World Psychiatric Association & Consultant Psychiatrist & Chairman, Pakistan Psychiatric Research Centre, Fountain House, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - E Mohandas
- E. Mohandas Member, Pharmaco-Psychiatry Section, World Psychiatric Association and Past President - Indian Psychiatric Society and Consultant Psychiatrist, Sun Medical and Research Centre, Trichur, Kerala, India
| | - Avinash De Sousa
- Avinash De Sousa Consultant Psychiatrist and Research Associate, Department of Psychiatry, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Mumbai, India
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Imran N, Aamer I, Sharif MI, Bodla ZH, Naveed S. Psychological burden of quarantine in children and adolescents: A rapid systematic review and proposed solutions. Pak J Med Sci 2020; 36:1106-1116. [PMID: 32704298 PMCID: PMC7372688 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.36.5.3088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
As COVID-19 grips the world, many people are quarantined or isolated resulting in adverse consequences for the mental health of youth. This rapid review takes into account the impact of quarantine on mental health of children and adolescents, and proposes measures to improve psychological outcomes of isolation. Three electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science were searched. Two independent reviewers performed title and abstract screening followed by full-text screening. This review article included 10 studies. The seven studies before onset of COVID 19 about psychological impact of quarantine in children have reported isolation, social exclusion stigma and fear among the children. The most common diagnoses were acute stress disorder, adjustment disorder, grief, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Three studies during the COVID-19 pandemic reported restlessness, irritability, anxiety, clinginess and inattention with increased screen time in children during quarantine. These adverse consequences can be tackled through carefully formulated multilevel interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazish Imran
- Nazish Imran, MBBS; FRCPsych (London); MRCPsych (London); MHPE. Associate Professor, Department of Child and Family Psychiatry, King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Irum Aamer
- Irum Aamer, MBBS; FCPS. Senior Registrar, Academic Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran Sharif
- Muhammad Imran Sharif, MBBS; FCPS. Senior Registrar, Department of Child and Family Psychiatry, King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zubair Hassan Bodla
- Zubair Hassan Bodla, MBBS. Medical Officer, Department of Child and Family Psychiatry, King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sadiq Naveed
- Sadiq Naveed, MD; MPH. Assistant Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas, USA
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Agarwal V, Sharma S, Gupta L, Misra D, Davalbhakta S, Agarwal V, Goel A, Aggarwal S. COVID-19 and Psychological Disaster Preparedness - An Unmet Need. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2020; 14:387-390. [PMID: 32580799 PMCID: PMC7385318 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2020.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is a disaster of unprecedented proportions with global repercussions. Psychological preparedness, the primed cognitive awareness and anticipation of dealing with emotional responses in an adverse situation, has assumed a compelling relevance during a health disaster of this magnitude. METHODS An anonymized eSurvey was conducted in India to assess psychological preparedness toward the ongoing pandemic with a focus on knowledge, management of own and others' emotional response, and anticipatory coping mechanisms among the survey population. An adapted version of the qualitative Psychological Preparedness for Natural Disaster Scale validated by the World Health Organization was widely circulated over the Internet and various social media platforms for assessment. Results are expressed as median ± standard deviation. Descriptive statistics were used and figures downloaded from surveymonkey.com. RESULTS Of the 1120 respondents (M:F 1.7:1, age 35 years ±14.1), most expressed a high level of perceived knowledge and confidence of managing COVID-19, such as awareness of the symptoms of the illness (95.1%), actions needed (94.4%), hospital to report to (88.9%), and emergency contact number (89.1%). A majority (95%) monitored regularly the news bulletins and scientific journals regarding COVID-19. However, nearly one-third (29.2%) could not assess their likelihood of developing COVID-19, and 17.5% were unaware of the difference between a mild and severe infection. Twenty-three percent (23.3%) were unfamiliar with the materials needed in an acute illness situation. CONCLUSION Psychological disaster preparedness is reasonable, although lacking in specific domains. Timely but focused interventions can be a cost-efficient administrative exercise, which federal agencies may prioritize working on.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Supriya Sharma
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Latika Gupta
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Durga Misra
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Samira Davalbhakta
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College and Sassoon General Hospitals, Pune, India
| | - Vikas Agarwal
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Ashish Goel
- University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Tandon
- Department of Psychiatry, WMU Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States.
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