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Valladares-Diestra KK, Porto de Souza Vandenberghe L, Soccol CR. Integrated xylooligosaccharides production from imidazole-treated sugarcane bagasse with application of in house produced enzymes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 362:127800. [PMID: 36007765 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The application of biorefinery concepts to produce different value-added biomolecules such as xylooligosaccharides (XOs) generates economical competitive, sustainable and environmentally friendly processes. The objective of this work was to develop an efficient imidazole-pretreatment process of sugarcane bagasse (SB) and the use of the obtained hemicellulose fraction in the production of XOs with the application of in house produced xylanolytic enzymes using SB as substrate, under a biorefinery approach. SB imidazole pretreatment allowed the recovery of a hemicellulose rich fraction (34%) with 91.2% of delignification. Xylanase production by Aspergillus niger reached 53.1 U·mL-1 at 120 h. The application of produced xylanases in the enzymatic hydrolysis of extracted xylan, allowed the production of 6.06 g·L-1 of XOs, where xylotriose represented >70%. Great perspectives are viewed for the implementation of mixed processes in a sustainable closed cycle to produce biomolecules with concomitant valorization of subproducts from SB chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Kley Valladares-Diestra
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Luciana Porto de Souza Vandenberghe
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-980, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Ricardo Soccol
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-980, Brazil
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52
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Watanabe K, Nishijima M, Mayuzumi S, Aki T. Utilization of Sugarcane Bagasse as a Substrate for Lipid Production by Aurantiochytrium sp. J Oleo Sci 2022; 71:1493-1500. [PMID: 36089403 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess22206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thraustochytrid, Aurantiochytrium sp., produces various lipids such as polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids, carotenoids, and other hydrocarbons, which are useful in the fields of health foods, cosmetics, fine chemicals, and biofuels. Lignocellulosic biomass, which is abundant and cheap, is a promising feedstock for producing cheaper bulk and high-value-added products using Aurantiochytrium sp. However, the steam explosion of lignocellulosic biomass for efficient enzymatic saccharification generates substances that inhibit the growth of microorganisms. In this study, the inhibitory activities of these by-products on the growth and lipid production of Aurantiochytrium sp. were investigated. Aurantiochytrium sp. was found to be highly sensitive to furfural and vanillin and moderately sensitive to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and syringaldehyde. Washing steam-exploded bagasse with water, followed by activated charcoal treatment, significantly reduced furfural, which was a major inhibitory component in the saccharified solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenshi Watanabe
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University
| | - Miho Nishijima
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University
| | - Shinzo Mayuzumi
- Advanced Technology Research Laboratories, Idemitsu Kosan, Co., Ltd
| | - Tsunehiro Aki
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University
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53
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Recent Advances in the Bioconversion of Waste Straw Biomass with Steam Explosion Technique: A Comprehensive Review. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10101959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Waste straw biomass is an abundant renewable bioresource raw material on Earth. Its stubborn wooden cellulose structure limits straw lignocellulose bioconversion into value-added products (e.g., biofuel, chemicals, and agricultural products). Compared to physicochemical and other preprocessing techniques, the steam explosion method, as a kind of hydrothermal method, was considered as a practical, eco-friendly, and cost-effective method to overcome the above-mentioned barriers during straw lignocellulose bioconversion. Steam explosion pretreatment of straw lignocellulose can effectively improve the conversion efficiency of producing biofuels and value-added chemicals and is expected to replace fossil fuels and partially replace traditional chemical fertilizers. Although the principles of steam explosion destruction of lignocellulosic structures for bioconversion to liquid fuels and producing solid biofuel were well known, applications of steam explosion in productions of value-added chemicals, organic fertilizers, biogas, etc. were less identified. Therefore, this review provides insights into advanced methods of utilizing steam explosion for straw biomass conversion as well as their corresponding processes and mechanisms. Finally, the current limitations and prospects of straw biomass conversion with steam explosion technology were elucidated.
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54
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Zhai R, Hu J, Jin M. Towards efficient enzymatic saccharification of pretreated lignocellulose: Enzyme inhibition by lignin-derived phenolics and recent trends in mitigation strategies. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 61:108044. [PMID: 36152893 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biorefinery based on its sugar-platform has been considered as an efficient strategy to replace fossil fuel-based refinery. In the bioconversion process, pretreatment is an essential step to firstly open up lignocellulose cell wall structure and enhance the accessibility of carbohydrates to hydrolytic enzymes. However, various lignin and/or carbohydrates degradation products (e.g. phenolics, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, furfural) also generated during pretreatment, which severely inhibit the following enzymatic hydrolysis and the downstream fermentation process. Among them, the lignin derived phenolics have been considered as the most inhibitory compounds and their inhibitory effects are highly dependent on the source of biomass and the type of pretreatment strategy. Although liquid-solid separation and subsequent washing can remove the lignin derived phenolics and other inhibitors, this is undesirable in the realistic industrial application where the whole slurry of pretreated biomass need to be directly used in the hydrolysis process. This review summarizes the phenolics formation mechanism for various commonly applied pretreatment methods and discusses the key factors that affect the inhibitory effect of phenolics on cellulose hydrolysis. In addition, the recent achievements on the rational design of inhibition mitigation strategies to boost cellulose hydrolysis for sugar-platform biorefinery are also introduced. This review also provides guidance for rational design detoxification strategies to facilitate whole slurry hydrolysis which helps to realize the industrialization of lignocellulose biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhai
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jianguang Hu
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Mingjie Jin
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China.
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55
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Deng B, Hou Y, Wang F, Bao Y, Zeng F, Qin C, Liang C, Huang C, Ma J, Yao S. Highly selective separation of eucalyptus hemicellulose by salicylic acid treatment with both aromatic and hydroxy acids. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 355:127304. [PMID: 35562023 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic and hydroxyl acid treatments demonstrate their respective characteristics for the separation of lignocellulosic biomass. In this study, the effect of salicylic acid (SA-A) treatment on the separation of eucalyptus components with both aromatic and hydroxyl acid properties was analyzed. The optimal conditions were SA-A concentration 9.0%, reaction temperature 140 °C and time 75 min. The separation yield of xylose was 85.93%. The separation of cellulose and lignin was inhibited by SA-A treatment in contrast to the separation by glycolic acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid treatment. Moreover, SA-A treatment resulted in a larger fiber crystallinity index and higher thermal stability. The SA-A-treated samples contained lignin that was rich in β-O-4 and hydroxyl groups. The degradation and condensation of lignin was inhibited. The selectivity of aromatic acids for separating hemicellulose and protecting the lignin structure using hydroxy acids was demonstrated. Thus, new and efficient organic acid treatments can be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojuan Deng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Yajun Hou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Fei Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Yuqi Bao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Fanyan Zeng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Chengrong Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Chen Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Caoxing Huang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Jiliang Ma
- College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Shuangquan Yao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China.
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Kulikova Y, Sukhikh S, Babich O, Yuliya M, Krasnovskikh M, Noskova S. Feasibility of Old Bark and Wood Waste Recycling. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1549. [PMID: 35736700 PMCID: PMC9230676 DOI: 10.3390/plants11121549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The pulp and paper industry leads to the formation of significant amounts of bark and wood waste (BWW), which is mostly dumped, causing negative climate and environmental impacts. This article presents an overview of methods for recycling BWW, as well as the results of assessing the resource potential of old bark waste based on physicochemical and thermal analysis. It was found that using BWW as a plant-growing substrate is challenging because it was observed that bark waste is phytotoxic. The C:N waste ratio is far from optimum; moreover, it has a low biodegradation rate (less than 0.15% per year). The calorific value content of BWW ranged from 7.7 to 18.9 MJ/kg on d.m., the ash content was from 4% to 22%, and the initial moisture content was from 60.8% to 74.9%, which allowed us to draw conclusions about the feasibility of using hydrothermal methods for their processing to obtain biofuel and for the unreasonableness of using traditional thermal methods (combustion, pyrolysis, gasification).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya Kulikova
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant BFU, 236016 Kaliningrad, Russia; (S.S.); (O.B.); (S.N.)
| | - Stanislav Sukhikh
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant BFU, 236016 Kaliningrad, Russia; (S.S.); (O.B.); (S.N.)
| | - Olga Babich
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant BFU, 236016 Kaliningrad, Russia; (S.S.); (O.B.); (S.N.)
| | - Margina Yuliya
- Environmental Protection Department, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, 614000 Perm, Russia;
| | - Marina Krasnovskikh
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Chemical Technology and Technosphere Safety, Perm State National Research University, St. Bukireva, 15, 614990 Perm, Russia;
| | - Svetlana Noskova
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant BFU, 236016 Kaliningrad, Russia; (S.S.); (O.B.); (S.N.)
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57
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A Combination Method of Liquid Hot Water and Phosphotungstic Acid Pretreatment for Improving the Enzymatic Saccharification Efficiency of Rice Straw. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15103636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Chemical pretreatment can significantly improve the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of lignocellulosic biomass, thereby improving the yield of sugar materials for the production of cellulosic ethanol, but commonly used acid–base catalysts are difficult to recover and reuse. In this work, a combination method of liquid hot water (LHW) and phosphotungstic acid (PTA) pretreatment was performed to improve the saccharification efficiency of rice straw, and we attempted to evaluate the reuse effect of PTA catalysts. The rice straw was first treated with LHW at 180 °C for 90 min, and then treated with 20 mM PTA at 130 °C for 60 min. After pretreatment, the cellulose hydrolysis efficiency and glucose recovery of the rice straw increased by 201.85% and 164.25%, respectively. Glucose accounted for 96.8% of the total reducing sugar in the final enzymatic hydrolysate. After each PTA pretreatment, approximately 70.8–73.2% of the PTA catalyst could be recycled. Moreover, the catalytic activity of the PTA catalyst that had been used five times did not decrease. The improved enzymatic saccharification efficiency was attributed to the removal of 89.24% hemicellulose and 21.33% lignin from the lignocellulosic substrate. The two-step LHW-PTA pretreatment could pretreat biomass in the field of cellulosic ethanol production.
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58
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Lee KH, Lee SK, Lee J, Kim S, Kim SW, Park C, Yoo HY. Energy-efficient glucose recovery from chestnut shell by optimization of NaOH pretreatment at room temperature and application to bioethanol production. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 208:112710. [PMID: 35026183 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biofuel policies are currently being implemented globally to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The recent European regulation, Renewable Energy Directive (RED) II, states that renewable resources should be used as raw materials. In this study, chestnut shell (CNS), a food processing residue, was utilized as a feedstock for bioethanol production. Statistical optimization was performed to improve biomass-to-glucose conversion (BtG) from the CNS. In order to design an energy-efficient process, the pretreatment was fixed at room temperature in the numerical optimization. The optimal conditions derived from the predicted model are as follows: temperature of 25 °C, reaction time of 2.8 h, and NaOH concentration of 1.9% (w/w). Under optimal conditions, both predicted and experimental BtG were 31.0%, while BtG was approximately 3.3-fold improved compared to the control group (without pretreatment). The recovered glucose was utilized for bioethanol fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae K35 and the ethanol yield was achieved to be 98%. Finally, according to the mass balance based on 1000 g CNS, glucose of 310 g can be recovered by the pretreatment; the bioethanol production was approximately 155 g. This strategy suggests a direction to utilize CNS as a potential feedstock for biorefinery through the design of an economical and energy-efficient pretreatment process by lowering the reaction temperature to room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Hyun Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, 20 Hongjimun 2-Gil, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soo Kweon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-Ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeongho Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, 20 Hongjimun 2-Gil, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seunghee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, 20 Hongjimun 2-Gil, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung Wook Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-Ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chulhwan Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hah Young Yoo
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, 20 Hongjimun 2-Gil, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea.
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59
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Madubuike H, Ferry N. Characterisation of a Novel Acetyl Xylan Esterase (BaAXE) Screened from the Gut Microbiota of the Common Black Slug ( Arion ater). Molecules 2022; 27:2999. [PMID: 35566348 PMCID: PMC9104356 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetyl xylan esterases (AXEs) are enzymes capable of hydrolysing the acetyl bonds in acetylated xylan, allowing for enhanced activity of backbone-depolymerizing enzymes. Bioprospecting novel AXE is essential in designing enzyme cocktails with desired characteristics targeting the complete breakdown of lignocellulose. In this article, we report the characterisation of a novel AXE identified as Gene_id_40363 in the metagenomic library analysed from the gut microbiota of the common black slug. The conserved domain description was identified with an NCBI BLASTp search using the translated nucleotide sequence as a query. The activity of the recombinant enzyme was tested on various synthetic substrates and acetylated substrates. The protein sequence matched the conserved domain described as putative hydrolase and aligned closely to an uncharacterized esterase from Buttiauxella agrestis, hence the designation as BaAXE. BaAXE showed low sequence similarity among characterized CE family proteins with an available 3D structure. BaAXE was active on 4-nitrophenyl acetate, reporting a specific activity of 78.12 U/mg and a Km value of 0.43 mM. The enzyme showed optimal activity at 40 °C and pH 8 and showed high thermal stability, retaining over 40% activity after 2 h of incubation from 40 °C to 100 °C. BaAXE hydrolysed acetyl bonds, releasing acetic acid from acetylated xylan and β-D-glucose pentaacetate. BaAXE has great potential for biotechnological applications harnessing its unique characteristics. In addition, this proves the possibility of bioprospecting novel enzymes from understudied environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Madubuike
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, UK
| | - Natalie Ferry
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, UK
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61
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Seid N, Griesheimer P, Neumann A. Investigating the Processing Potential of Ethiopian Agricultural Residue Enset/Ensete ventricosum for Biobutanol Production. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9040133. [PMID: 35447693 PMCID: PMC9025969 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9040133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The Enset plant is a potential food source for about 20 million Ethiopians. A massive amount of residual byproduct is discarded from traditional Ethiopian Enset food processing. This study shows a compositional analysis of Enset biomass and its use for biobutanol production. The Enset biomass was pretreated with 2% (w/v) NaOH or 2% (v/v) H2SO4 and subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis. The enzymatic hydrolysates were then fermented anaerobically by C. saccharoperbutylacetonicum DSM 14923. The majority of Enset biomass waste samples contained 36–67% cellulose, 16–20% hemicelluloses, and less than 6.8% lignin. In all alkali-pretreated Enset biomass samples, the enzyme converted 80–90% of the biomass to glucose within 24 h, while it took 60 h to convert 48–80% of the acid-pretreated Enset biomass. In addition, the alkali pretreatment method released more glucose than the acid pretreatment in all Enset biomass samples. After 72 h of ABE fermentation, 2.8 g/L acetone, 9.9 g/L butanol, and 1.6 g/L ethanol were produced from mixed Enset waste hydrolysate pretreated with alkali, achieving an ABE yield of 0.32 g/g and productivity of 0.2 g × L−1 × h−1, showing the first value of butanol produced from Enset biomass in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebyat Seid
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Science 2, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany;
| | - Pia Griesheimer
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany;
| | - Anke Neumann
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Science 2, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany;
- Correspondence:
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Yang J, Gao C, Yang X, Su Y, Shi S, Han L. Effect of combined wet alkaline mechanical pretreatment on enzymatic hydrolysis of corn stover and its mechanism. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022; 15:31. [PMID: 35300735 PMCID: PMC8932242 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02130-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To further optimize the mechanochemical pretreatment process, a combined wet alkaline mechanical pretreatment of corn stover was proposed with a short time and less chemical consumption at room temperature. RESULTS The combined alkaline mechanical pretreatment significantly enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis resulting a highest glucose yield (YG) of 91.9% with 3% NaOH and ball milling (BM) for 10 min. At this optimal condition, 44.4% lignin was removed and major portion of cellulose was retained (86.6%). The prehydrolysate contained by-products such as monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, acetic acid, and lignin but no furfural and 5-HMF. The alkaline concentration showed a significant impact on glucose yield, while the BM time was less important. Quantitative correlation analysis showed that YG (%) = 0.68 × BM time (min) + 19.27 × NaOH concentration (%) + 13.71 (R2 = 0.85), YG = 6.35 × glucan content - 231.84 (R2 = 0.84), and YG = - 14.22 × lignin content + 282.70 (R2 = 0.87). CONCLUSION The combined wet alkaline mechanical pretreatment at room temperature had a boosting effect on the yield of enzymatic hydrolysis with short treatment time and less chemical consumption. The impact of the physical and chemical properties of corn stover pretreated with different BM times and/or different NaOH concentrations on the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis was investigated, which would be beneficial to illustrate the effective mechanism of the mechanochemical pretreatment method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Engineering Laboratory for Agro Biomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Box 191, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chongfeng Gao
- Engineering Laboratory for Agro Biomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Box 191, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xueqi Yang
- Engineering Laboratory for Agro Biomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Box 191, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yanfu Su
- Engineering Laboratory for Agro Biomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Box 191, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Suan Shi
- Engineering Laboratory for Agro Biomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Box 191, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Lujia Han
- Engineering Laboratory for Agro Biomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Box 191, Beijing, 100083, China
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Feng C, Zhu J, Hou Y, Qin C, Chen W, Nong Y, Liao Z, Liang C, Bian H, Yao S. Effect of temperature on simultaneous separation and extraction of hemicellulose using p-toluenesulfonic acid treatment at atmospheric pressure. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 348:126793. [PMID: 35121097 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hemicelluloses were effectively separated using p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TsOH) treatment at high temperature. High temperature and pressure promoted hydrolysis of hemicellulose, which limited its value upon recovery. In this study, bagasse hemicellulose was separated and extracted by p-TsOH treatment at atmospheric pressure. The effects of temperature, p-TsOH concentration, and time on hemicellulose separation and extraction were investigated. The optimal conditions were 80 °C, 3.0% p-TsOH, and 120 min. The separation and extraction yield of hemicellulose was 73.23% and 36.02%, respectively. Extraction hemicellulose with 95.60% purity was obtained. In addition, the dissolution mechanism of hemicellulose was analyzed. Degradation of β-glycosidic bonds was inhibited. Benzyl ether bond between carbohydrates and lignin was selectively cleaved. The skeleton structure of xylan in hemicellulose was protected while the functional groups of branch chain were severely damaged. It provides a valuable theoretical basis for the efficient separation and extraction of hemicellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengqi Feng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Jiatian Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Yajun Hou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Chengrong Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Wangqian Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Yuhao Nong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Zhangpeng Liao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Chen Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Huiyang Bian
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Shuangquan Yao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China.
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64
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Structural characteristics and thermal properties of regenerated cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin after being dissolved in ionic liquids. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Wang Z, Xu Z, Chen S, Chen X, Yuan X, Shen G, Jiang X, Liu S, Jin M. Effects of storage temperature and time on enzymatic digestibility and fermentability of Densifying lignocellulosic biomass with chemicals pretreated corn stover. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 347:126359. [PMID: 34798258 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel pretreatment, Densifying Lignocellulosic biomass with acidic/alkali Chemicals (DLC), was recently invented and owns unique advantages for biomass logistics and fermentation. The pretreatment was largely completed during biomass storage, which renders the storage conditions critical. In this study, the effects of storage temperature (-80 °C to 60 °C) and storage time (up to half a year) on the enzymatic digestibility and fermentability of DLC corn stover (CS) were investigated. DLC-CS containing calcium hydroxide(ch) showed increased enzymatic digestibility with increased storage temperature and time. High glucan conversions (>90%) and ethanol titers (e.g. 73.1 g/L) were achieved after regular steam autoclave of DLC(ch)-CS, without washing or detoxification. DLC-CS containing sulfuric acid(sa) was sensitive to storage conditions, and autoclaved DLC(sa)-CS reached the highest ethanol titer (66.6 g/L) when DLC(sa)-CS was stored at room temperature for 14 days. Results indicated that different ambient temperatures in different regions and seasons have a far-reaching impact on DLC-CS for bioconversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wang
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Zhaoxian Xu
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Sitong Chen
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xiangxue Chen
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xinchuan Yuan
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Guannan Shen
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Jiang
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Shuangmei Liu
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Mingjie Jin
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China.
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66
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Show BK, Banerjee S, Banerjee A, GhoshThakur R, Hazra AK, Mandal NC, Ross AB, Balachandran S, Chaudhury S. Insect gut bacteria: a promising tool for enhanced biogas production. REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND BIO/TECHNOLOGY 2022; 21:1-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s11157-021-09607-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
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67
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Zhang J, Zou D, Zhai S, Yan Y, Yang H, He C, Ke Y, Singh S, Cheng G. Enhancing the interaction between cellulose and dilute aqueous ionic liquid solutions and its implication to ionic liquid recycling and reuse. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 277:118848. [PMID: 34893258 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose-dissolving ionic liquids (ILs) have been used in biomass pretreatment for over a decade. Cellulose solubility in the ILs is strongly inhibited by water, which has negative impacts on IL pretreatment and reuse of the recycled ILs. Here, a distillation and aeration apparatus was used as the reactor for biomass pretreatment in dilute aqueous IL solutions and in recycled IL liquor without drying or purification. Four biomass types, switchgrass, miscanthus, sorghum and pine, were studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to measure the interaction between biomass and the IL. Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) was applied to monitor the changes of the pore structure in wet biomass samples. Satisfactory enzymatic hydrolysis results were obtained among all the pretreated samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites and College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, North 3(rd) Ring East, # 15, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Dongzhe Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites and College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, North 3(rd) Ring East, # 15, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Siyu Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites and College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, North 3(rd) Ring East, # 15, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites and College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, North 3(rd) Ring East, # 15, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Hua Yang
- Dongguan Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China; Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Chunyong He
- Dongguan Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China; Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yubin Ke
- Dongguan Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China; Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Seema Singh
- Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute (JBEI), 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA; Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
| | - Gang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites and College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, North 3(rd) Ring East, # 15, Beijing 100029, China.
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68
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Prado CA, Antunes FAF, Rocha TM, Sánchez-Muñoz S, Barbosa FG, Terán-Hilares R, Cruz-Santos MM, Arruda GL, da Silva SS, Santos JC. A review on recent developments in hydrodynamic cavitation and advanced oxidative processes for pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126458. [PMID: 34863850 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Environmental problems due to utilization of fossil-derived materials for energy and chemical generation has prompted the use of renewable alternative sources, such as lignocellulose biomass (LB). Indeed, the production of biomolecules and biofuels from LB is among the most important current research topics aiming to development a sustainable bioeconomy. Yet, the industrial use of LB is limited by the recalcitrance of biomass, which impairs the hydrolysis of the carbohydrate fractions. Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) and Advanced Oxidative Processes (AOPs) has been proposed as innovative pretreatment strategies aiming to reduce process time and chemical inputs. Therefore, the underlying mechanisms, procedural strategies, influence on biomass structure, and research gaps were critically discussed in this review. The performed discussion can contribute to future developments, giving a wide overview of the main involved aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Prado
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, postal code 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil
| | - F A F Antunes
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, postal code 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil
| | - T M Rocha
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, postal code 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil
| | - S Sánchez-Muñoz
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, postal code 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil
| | - F G Barbosa
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, postal code 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil
| | - R Terán-Hilares
- Laboratorio de Materiales, Universidad Católica de Santa María - UCSM, Urb. San José, San Jose S/n, Yanahuara, Arequipa, Perú
| | - M M Cruz-Santos
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, postal code 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil
| | - G L Arruda
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, postal code 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil
| | - S S da Silva
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, postal code 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil
| | - J C Santos
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, postal code 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil.
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69
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Zhou Y, Zhan P, Tong D, Zhang W, Qing Y, Huang Y, Zhang L, Chen J. Deconstruction of Poplar Wood using Peracetic Acid and FeCl
3
in Hot Water. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202104019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongcai Zhou
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
| | - Peng Zhan
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
| | - Denghui Tong
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
| | - Yan Qing
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
| | - Yilei Huang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
| | - Jienan Chen
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
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70
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Structural characterizations of lignins extracted under same severity using different acids. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 194:204-212. [PMID: 34863836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As the vital renewable feedstock originated from carbon-neutral resources, due to prominent aromaticity lignin owns the potential to produce high value-added products. Multi-functional lignin valorization demands efficient lignin extraction at milder conditions to keep its structure intact to substitute petroleum-based reactants. Lignin extraction severity (LES) is considered as the primary factor affecting the structure of extracted lignin and ultimately determines its applications. Except for the LES, the selection of suitable reagents for lignin extraction concerned with specific applications is crucially important. To explore the influence of different reagents, this study focused on lignin extraction employing the commonly used strong acids at the same LES. Four lignin preparations were extracted using 80% aqueous dioxane with the addition of H2O (L1), HCl, H2SO4 and HNO3 (pH = 1.30 ± 0.01 L2, L3 and L4, respectively). Analytical high-sensitive NMR (31P and 2D-HSQC) together with other characterizations (FTIR and GPC) were successfully employed and quantified while unveiling the structural heterogeneity among extracted lignin preparations. At the same LES, different reagents yielded lignin with varying structural characteristics and were potentially suitable for different applications.
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71
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Solano-González S, Solano-Campos F. Production of mannosylerythritol lipids: biosynthesis, multi-omics approaches, and commercial exploitation. Mol Omics 2022; 18:699-715. [DOI: 10.1039/d2mo00150k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Compilation of resources regarding MEL biosynthesis, key production parameters; available omics resources and current commercial applications, for smut fungi known to produce MELs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefany Solano-González
- Universidad Nacional, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Bioinformática Aplicada, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Frank Solano-Campos
- Universidad Nacional, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Biotecnología de Plantas, Heredia, Costa Rica
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72
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Kawaguchi H, Takada K, Elkasaby T, Pangestu R, Toyoshima M, Kahar P, Ogino C, Kaneko T, Kondo A. Recent advances in lignocellulosic biomass white biotechnology for bioplastics. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126165. [PMID: 34695585 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass has great potential as an inedible feedstock for bioplastic synthesis, although its use is still limited compared to current edible feedstocks of glucose and starch. This review focuses on recent advances in the production of biopolymers and biomonomers from lignocellulosic feedstocks with downstream processing and chemical polymer syntheses. In microbial production, four routes composed of existing poly (lactic acid) and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and the emerging biomonomers of itaconic acid and aromatic compounds were presented to review present challenges and future perspectives, focusing on the use of lignocellulosic feedstocks. Recently, advances in purification technologies decreased the number of processes and their environmental burden. Additionally, the unique structures and high-performance of emerging lignocellulose-based bioplastics have expanded the possibilities for the use of bioplastics. The sequence of processes provides insight into the emerging technologies that are needed for the practical use of bioplastics made from lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Kawaguchi
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Kenji Takada
- Energy and Environmental Area, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Taghreed Elkasaby
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 60 Elgomhoria st, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Radityo Pangestu
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan; Research Center for Biotechnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Cibinong, West Java 16911, Indonesia
| | - Masakazu Toyoshima
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Prihardi Kahar
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Chiaki Ogino
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kaneko
- Energy and Environmental Area, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan; Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan; Biomass Engineering Research Division, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Turumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
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73
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Porto de Souza Vandenberghe L, Kley Valladares-Diestra K, Amaro Bittencourt G, Fátima Murawski de Mello A, Sarmiento Vásquez Z, Zwiercheczewski de Oliveira P, Vinícius de Melo Pereira G, Ricardo Soccol C. Added-value biomolecules' production from cocoa pod husks: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126252. [PMID: 34728361 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cocoa beans are produced through on-farm processing where residual biomass is discarded, including cocoa pod husks (CPH), cocoa bean shells and cocoa sweatings. CPH represents about 80% of these residues that are generated during the initial cocoa bean processing steps and their disposal occupies large areas, causing social and environmental concerns. In the last decades, the lignocellulosic composition of CPH has attracted the attention of the scientific and productive sector. Recently, some studies have reported the use of CPH in the production of medium to high value-added molecules, with potential applications in food and feed, agriculture, bioenergy, and other segments. This review presents biotechnological approaches and processes for the exploitation of CPH, including pre-treatment methods for the production of different biomolecules. Great perspectives and innovations were found concerning CPH exploitation and valorisation, but still more efforts are needed to valorise this potential feedstock and give support to producers in-development countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Porto de Souza Vandenberghe
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, 81531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Kim Kley Valladares-Diestra
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, 81531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Amaro Bittencourt
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, 81531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ariane Fátima Murawski de Mello
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, 81531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Zulma Sarmiento Vásquez
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, 81531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Gilberto Vinícius de Melo Pereira
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, 81531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ricardo Soccol
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, 81531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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74
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Wu D, Wei Z, Mohamed TA, Zheng G, Qu F, Wang F, Zhao Y, Song C. Lignocellulose biomass bioconversion during composting: Mechanism of action of lignocellulase, pretreatment methods and future perspectives. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131635. [PMID: 34346339 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Composting is a biodegradation and transformation process that converts lignocellulosic biomass into value-added products, such as humic substances (HSs). However, the recalcitrant nature of lignocellulose hinders the utilization of cellulose and hemicellulose, decreasing the bioconversion efficiency of lignocellulose. Pretreatment is an essential step to disrupt the structure of lignocellulosic biomass. Many pretreatment methods for composting may cause microbial inactivation and death. Thus, the pretreatment methods suitable for composting can promote the degradation and transformation of lignocellulosic biomass. Therefore, this review summarizes the pretreatment methods suitable for composting. Microbial consortium pretreatment, Fenton pretreatment and surfactant-assisted pretreatment for composting may improve the bioconversion process. Microbial consortium pretreatment is a cost-effective pretreatment method to enhance HSs yields during composting. On the other hand, the efficiency of enzyme production during composting is very important for the degradation of lignocellulose, whose action mechanism is unknown. Therefore, this review describes the mechanism of action of lignocellulase, the predominant microbes producing lignocellulase and their related genes. Finally, optimizing pretreatment conditions and increasing enzymatic hydrolysis to improve the quality of composts by controlling suitable microenvironmental factors and core target microbial activities as a research focus in the bioconversion of lignocellulose during composting in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zimin Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Taha Ahmed Mohamed
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Guangren Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Fengting Qu
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Feng Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Caihong Song
- College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
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75
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Ashokkumar V, Venkatkarthick R, Jayashree S, Chuetor S, Dharmaraj S, Kumar G, Chen WH, Ngamcharussrivichai C. Recent advances in lignocellulosic biomass for biofuels and value-added bioproducts - A critical review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126195. [PMID: 34710596 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is a highly renewable, economical, and carbon-neutral feedstock containing sugar-rich moieties that can be processed to produce second-generation biofuels and bio-sourced compounds. However, due to their heterogeneous multi-scale structure, the lignocellulosic materials have major limitations to valorization and exhibit recalcitrance to saccharification or hydrolysis by enzymes. In this context, this review focuses on the latest methods available and state-of-the-art technologies in the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass, which aids the disintegration of the complex materials into monomeric units. In addition, this review deals with the genetic engineering techniques to develop advanced strategies for fermentation processes or microbial cell factories to generate desired products in native or modified hosts. Further, it also intends to bridge the gap in developing various economically feasible lignocellulosic products and chemicals using biorefining technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veeramuthu Ashokkumar
- Center of Excellence in Catalysis for Bioenergy and Renewable Chemicals (CBRC), Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathum Wan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | | | - Shanmugam Jayashree
- Department of Biotechnology, Stella Maris College (Autonomous), Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600086, India
| | - Santi Chuetor
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Selvakumar Dharmaraj
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Academy of Maritime Education and Training [AMET] (Deemed to be University), Chennai 603112, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Box 8600 Forus, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Wei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 411, Taiwan
| | - Chawalit Ngamcharussrivichai
- Center of Excellence in Catalysis for Bioenergy and Renewable Chemicals (CBRC), Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathum Wan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology (PETROMAT), Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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76
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Zhao L, Sun ZF, Zhang CC, Nan J, Ren NQ, Lee DJ, Chen C. Advances in pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for bioenergy production: Challenges and perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 343:126123. [PMID: 34653621 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As a clean and renewable energy, bioenergy is one of the most promising alternatives to fossil fuels. Lignocellulose possesses great potential for bioenergy production, but the recalcitrant and heterogeneous structure limits its application. Pretreatment technology offers an effective solution to fractionate the main components of the lignocellulose and uncover the available cellulose. The obtained feedstock can be applied to bioconversion into energy, e.g., bioethanol, biogas, biohydrogen, etc. Here, the current state of lignocellulose pretreatment technologies was comprehensively reviewed, the advances in bioenergy production from pretreated lignocellulose was described, with particular attention to key challenges involved. Several new strategies for overcoming pretreatment barriers to realize highly efficient lignocellulose bioconversion were highlighted. The insights given in this review will facilitate further development on lignocellulosic bioenergy production, towards addressing the global energy crisis and climate change related to the use of fossil fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zhong-Fang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jun Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Nan-Qi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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77
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Sheng Y, Xu Y. Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of ascorbic acid assisted lignocellulose decomposition in dilute acid pretreatment and its stimulation on enzymatic hydrolysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 343:126147. [PMID: 34673187 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The effect of ascorbic acid addition on lignin decomposition in the dilute acid pretreatment and the corresponding cellulose conversion of pretreated biomass have been studied. This enhancement by ascorbic acid addition was dose dependent. Decomposed and residual bulk lignins from pretreated poplar were analyzed by 2D HSQC and 31P NMR spectra. The promotional effect on lignocellulose decomposition with the assistance of ascorbic acid addition was supported by the NMR analysis. The analysis showed that the addition of ascorbic acid has a more significant stimulation on decomposed lignins compared to residual bulk lignins. The stimulatory effect of ascorbic acid in lignocellulose decomposition benefits the cellulose conversion of the corresponding pretreated materials. Poplar pretreatment assisted with ascorbic acid (2-8% w/w) increased the final hydrolysis yield by 7.5%-32.2%. This promotional effect of ascorbic acid on enzyme digestibility was more obvious with higher enzyme loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yequan Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology, Nanjing Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology, Nanjing Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, China.
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78
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Enhanced Saccharification of Purple Alfalfa via Sequential Pretreatment with Acidified Ethylene Glycol and Urea/NaOH. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purple Alfalfa is an inexpensive, abundant, readily available lignocellulosic material. This work was attempted to develop an efficient combination pretreatment by sequential HClO4–ethyl glycol–H2O (1.2:88.8:10, w/w/w) extraction at 130 °C in 0.5 h and urea/NaOH (urea 12 wt%, NaOH 7 wt%) soaking at −20 °C for 0.5 h for the pretreatment of purple alfalfa. The porosity, morphology, and crystallinity of pretreated purple alfalfa were characterized with SEM, FM, XRD, and FTIR. This combination pretreatment had a significant influence on hemicellulose removal and delignification. The above changes could enhance cellulose accessibility to enzymes and improve the enzymatic digestibility of cellulose. High yields of reducing sugars from pretreated purple alfalfa were obtained at 93.4%. In summary, this combination pretreatment has high potential application in the future.
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79
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Zhang N, Shang Y, Wang F, Wang D, Hong J. Influence of prefoldin subunit 4 on the tolerance of Kluyveromyces marxianus to lignocellulosic biomass-derived inhibitors. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:224. [PMID: 34906148 PMCID: PMC8672639 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01715-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kluyveromyces marxianus is a potentially excellent host for microbial cell factories using lignocellulosic biomass, due to its thermotolerance, high growth rate, and wide substrate spectrum. However, its tolerance to inhibitors derived from lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment needs to be improved. The prefoldin complex assists the folding of cytoskeleton which relates to the stress tolerance, moreover, several subunits of prefoldin have been verified to be involved in gene expression regulation. With the presence of inhibitors, the expression of a gene coding the subunit 4 of prefoldin (KmPFD4), a possible transcription factor, was significantly changed. Therefore, KmPFD4 was selected to evaluate its functions in inhibitors tolerance. RESULTS In this study, the disruption of the prefoldin subunit 4 gene (KmPFD4) led to increased concentration of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and disturbed the assembly of actin and tubulin in the presence of inhibitors, resulting in reduced inhibitor tolerance. Nuclear localization of KmPFD4 indicated that it could regulate gene expression. Transcriptomic analysis showed that upregulated gene expression related to ROS elimination, ATP production, and NAD+ synthesis, which is a response to the presence of inhibitors, disappeared in KmPFD4-disrupted cells. Thus, KmPFD4 impacts inhibitor tolerance by maintaining integration of the cytoskeleton and directly or indirectly affecting the expression of genes in response to inhibitors. Finally, overexpression of KmPFD4 enhanced ethanol fermentation with a 46.27% improvement in productivity in presence of the inhibitors. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that KmPFD4 plays a positive role in the inhibitor tolerance and can be applied for the development of inhibitor-tolerant platform strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nini Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Shang
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Feier Wang
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
- Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
| | - Jiong Hong
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, People's Republic of China.
- Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
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80
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Draszewski CP, Bragato CA, Lachos-Perez D, Celante D, Frizzo CP, Castilhos F, Tres MV, Zabot GL, Abaide ER, Mayer FD. Subcritical water hydrolysis of rice husks pretreated with deep eutectic solvent for enhance fermentable sugars production. J Supercrit Fluids 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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81
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Sarker TR, Pattnaik F, Nanda S, Dalai AK, Meda V, Naik S. Hydrothermal pretreatment technologies for lignocellulosic biomass: A review of steam explosion and subcritical water hydrolysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 284:131372. [PMID: 34323806 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass enhances the conversion efficiency to produce biofuels and value-added chemicals, which have the potential to replace fossil fuels. Compared to physicochemical and other pretreatment techniques, the hydrothermal methods are considered eco-friendly and cost-effective. This paper reviews the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of steam explosion and subcritical water hydrolysis as the two promising hydrothermal technologies for the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. Although the principle of the steam explosion in depolymerizing the lignin and exposing the cellulose fibers for bioconversion to liquid fuels is well known, its underlying mechanism for solid biofuel production is less identified. Therefore, this review provides an insight into different operating conditions of steam explosion and subcritical water hydrolysis for a wide variety of feedstocks. The mechanisms of subcritical water hydrolysis including dehydration, decarboxylation and carbonization of waste biomass are comprehensively described. Finally, the role of microwave heating in the hydrothermal pretreatment of biomass is elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tumpa R Sarker
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Falguni Pattnaik
- Center for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Sonil Nanda
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Ajay K Dalai
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
| | - Venkatesh Meda
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Satyanarayan Naik
- Center for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
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82
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Progress in the Production of Biogas from Maize Silage after Acid-Heat Pretreatment. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14238018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
One of the most effective technologies involving the use of lignocellulosic biomass is the production of biofuels, including methane-rich biogas. In order to increase the amount of gas produced, it is necessary to optimize the fermentation process, for example, by substrate pretreatment. The present study aimed to analyze the coupled effects of microwave radiation and the following acids: phosphoric(V) acid (H3PO4), hydrochloric acid (HCl), and sulfuric(VI) acid (H2SO4), on the destruction of a lignocellulosic complex of maize silage biomass and its susceptibility to anaerobic degradation in the methane fermentation process. The study compared the effects of plant biomass (maize silage) disintegration using microwave and conventional heating; the criterion differentiating experimental variants was the dose of acid used, i.e., 10% H3PO4, 10% HCl, and 10% H2SO4 in doses of 0.02, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, and 0.40 g/gTS. Microwave heating caused a higher biogas production in the case of all acids tested (HCl, H2SO4, H3PO4). The highest biogas volume, exceeding 1800 L/kgVS, was produced in the variant with HCl used at a dose of 0.4 g/gTS.
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83
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Amaro Bittencourt G, Porto de Souza Vandenberghe L, Valladares-Diestra K, Wedderhoff Herrmann L, Fátima Murawski de Mello A, Sarmiento Vásquez Z, Grace Karp S, Ricardo Soccol C. Soybean hulls as carbohydrate feedstock for medium to high-value biomolecule production in biorefineries: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 339:125594. [PMID: 34311407 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Soybean is one of the major world crops, with an annual production of 359 million tons. Each ton of processed soybean generates 50-80 kg of soybean hulls (SHs), representing 5-8% of the whole seed. Due to environmental concerns and great economic potential, the search of SHs re-use solutions are deeply discussed. The lignocellulosic composition of SHs has attracted the attention of the scientific and productive sector. Recently, some studies have reported the use of SHs in the production of medium to high value-added molecules, with potential applications in food and feed, agriculture, bioenergy, and other segments. This review presents biotechnological approaches and processes for the management and exploitation of SHs, including pre-treatment methods and fermentation techniques, for the production of different biomolecules. Great potentialities and innovations were found concerning SH exploration and valorisation of the soybean chain under a biorefinery and circular bioeconomy optic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Amaro Bittencourt
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Luciana Porto de Souza Vandenberghe
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Kim Valladares-Diestra
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Wedderhoff Herrmann
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ariane Fátima Murawski de Mello
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Zulma Sarmiento Vásquez
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Susan Grace Karp
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ricardo Soccol
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Centro Politécnico, 81531-980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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84
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Hoang AT, Nizetic S, Ong HC, Chong CT, Atabani AE, Pham VV. Acid-based lignocellulosic biomass biorefinery for bioenergy production: Advantages, application constraints, and perspectives. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 296:113194. [PMID: 34243094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The production of chemicals and fuels from renewable biomass with the primary aim of reducing carbon footprints has recently become one of the central points of interest. The use of lignocellulosic biomass for energy production is believed to meet the main criteria of maximizing the available global energy source and minimizing pollutant emissions. However, before usage in bioenergy production, lignocellulosic biomass needs to undergo several processes, among which biomass pretreatment plays an important role in the yield, productivity, and quality of the products. Acid-based pretreatment, one of the existing methods applied for lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment, has several advantages, such as short operating time and high efficiency. A thorough analysis of the characteristics of acid-based biomass pretreatment is presented in this review. The environmental concerns and future challenges involved in using acid pretreatment methods are discussed in detail to achieve clean and sustainable bioenergy production. The application of acid to biomass pretreatment is considered an effective process for biorefineries that aim to optimize the production of desired products while minimizing the by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Tuan Hoang
- Institute of Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH), Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Sandro Nizetic
- University of Split, FESB, Rudjera Boskovica 32, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Hwai Chyuan Ong
- Centre for Green Technology, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Cheng Tung Chong
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Lingang, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - A E Atabani
- Alternative Fuels Research Laboratroy (AFRL), Energy Division, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Van Viet Pham
- Institute of Maritime, Ho Chi Minh City University of Transport, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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85
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Naik GP, Poonia AK, Chaudhari PK. Pretreatment of lignocellulosic agricultural waste for delignification, rapid hydrolysis, and enhanced biogas production: A review. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2021.100147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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86
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Haris NIN, Sobri S, Yusof YA, Kassim NK. Innovative Method for Longer Effective Corrosion Inhibition Time: Controlled Release Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Hemicellulose Inhibitor Tablet. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:5657. [PMID: 34640054 PMCID: PMC8510072 DOI: 10.3390/ma14195657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to develop a controlled release oil palm empty fruit bunch hemicellulose (EFB-H) inhibitor tablet for mild steel in 1 M HCl. As plant extracts tend to deteriorate at longer immersion time, limiting its industrial applicability, we attempted to lengthen the inhibition time by forming a controlled release inhibitor tablet. Electrochemical methods (potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)) were employed to investigate the efficiency and mechanism of the inhibition. An optimum dosage and immersion time was determined via Response Surface Methodology (RSM). EFB-H tablet was formulated using D-optimal mixture design, and its anticorrosion action at extended immersion time was compared with EFB-H powder. PDP measurement revealed that EFB-H is a mixed type inhibitor. RSM optimization unveiled that the optimum point for a maximum inhibition efficiency (87.11%) was at 0.33 g of EFB-H and 120 h of immersion time. Tablet T3 with EFB-H to gum Arabic to hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ratio of 66:0:34 portrayed the best tensile strength (0.243 MPa), disintegration time (152 min) and dissolution behavior. EFB-H tablet exhibited a longer-lasting inhibition effect than powder, which was 360 h as compared to 120 h for powder. Overall, EFB-H tablet has been successfully developed, and its enhanced effective inhibition time has been experimentally proven.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shafreeza Sobri
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia;
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Yus Aniza Yusof
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Nur Kartinee Kassim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia;
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87
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da Silva FL, Dos Santos DA, de Oliveira Campos A, Magalhães ERB, Dos Santos ES. Evaluation of Blend Production of Cellulases and Xylanases Using Pretreated and Recycled Carnauba Straw. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 194:901-913. [PMID: 34559392 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03677-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Carnauba (Copernicia prunifera) is a Brazilian palm tree used for wax production, which usually generates a large amount of waste. This work evaluated the carnauba waste for cellulase and xylanase production using Trichoderma reesei CCT2768 through a solid-state fermentation (SSF). Carnauba waste was used in its crude form (C-IN), pretreated (C-P) with alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP), and also recycled after the SSF process (C-PR). C-IN, C-P, and C-PR were characterized by XRD, FTIR, and SEM. Cellulase and xylanase production was performed by SSF for 72 h, and the enzymatic extracts obtained were mixed each other in different concentrations. FPase, CMCase, and xylanase activities were determined. Trichoderma reesei CCT-2768 has shown high performance to produce cellulases and xylanases. Total cellulase, CMCase, and β-glycosidase presented a highest activity when C-PPR1 (25% of C-PR and 75% of C-P) was used as a carbon source, with yield of 2.85 U/g, 41.21 U/g, and 2.80 U/g, respectively. The highest xylanase production was achieved when only the pretreated carnauba waste (C-P) was used, with an enzyme activity of 224.93 U/g. Carnauba has shown a promising carbon source capacity to induce the production of cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes by using T. reesei CCT2768, promoting the circular and ecofriendly economy, as well as a cost reduction, of the production process of these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francinaldo Leite da Silva
- Chemical Engineering Department, Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.,Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Paraiba (IFPB) - Campus Picui, Picui, PB, Brazil
| | - Davi Alves Dos Santos
- Chemical Engineering Department, Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Alan de Oliveira Campos
- Chemical Engineering Department, Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Emilianny Rafaely Batista Magalhães
- Chemical Engineering Department, Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.,Northeast Strategic Technologies Center (CETENE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Everaldo Silvino Dos Santos
- Chemical Engineering Department, Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
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88
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Zhao X, Meng X, Ragauskas AJ, Lai C, Ling Z, Huang C, Yong Q. Unlocking the secret of lignin-enzyme interactions: Recent advances in developing state-of-the-art analytical techniques. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 54:107830. [PMID: 34480987 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bioconversion of renewable lignocellulosics to produce liquid fuels and chemicals is one of the most effective ways to solve the problem of fossil resource shortage, energy security, and environmental challenges. Among the many biorefinery pathways, hydrolysis of lignocellulosics to fermentable monosaccharides by cellulase is arguably the most critical step of lignocellulose bioconversion. In the process of enzymatic hydrolysis, the direct physical contact between enzymes and cellulose is an essential prerequisite for the hydrolysis to occur. However, lignin is considered one of the most recalcitrant factors hindering the accessibility of cellulose by binding to cellulase unproductively, which reduces the saccharification rate and yield of sugars. This results in high costs for the saccharification of carbohydrates. The various interactions between enzymes and lignin have been explored from different perspectives in literature, and a basic lignin inhibition mechanism has been proposed. However, the exact interaction between lignin and enzyme as well as the recently reported promotion of some types of lignin on enzymatic hydrolysis is still unclear at the molecular level. Multiple analytical techniques have been developed, and fully unlocking the secret of lignin-enzyme interactions would require a continuous improvement of the currently available analytical techniques. This review summarizes the current commonly used advanced research analytical techniques for investigating the interaction between lignin and enzyme, including quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy (FLS), and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Interdisciplinary integration of these analytical methods is pursued to provide new insight into the interactions between lignin and enzymes. This review will serve as a resource for future research seeking to develop new methodologies for a better understanding of the basic mechanism of lignin-enzyme binding during the critical hydrolysis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Zhao
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Department of Bioengineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xianzhi Meng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Arthur J Ragauskas
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Center for Renewable Carbon, Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Chenhuan Lai
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Department of Bioengineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhe Ling
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Department of Bioengineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Caoxing Huang
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Department of Bioengineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Qiang Yong
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Department of Bioengineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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89
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Lau KS, Chin SX, Jaafar SNS, Chia CH. Conversion of glucose into levulinic acid in continuous segmented turbulent flow with enhanced chemical reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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90
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Lee S, Akeprathumchai S, Bundidamorn D, Salaipeth L, Poomputsa K, Ratanakhanokchai K, Chang KL, Phitsuwan P. Interplays of enzyme, substrate, and surfactant on hydrolysis of native lignocellulosic biomass. Bioengineered 2021; 12:5110-5124. [PMID: 34369275 PMCID: PMC8806531 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1961662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tracking enzyme, substrate, and surfactant interactions to reach maximum reducing sugar production during enzymatic hydrolysis of plant biomass may provide a better understanding of factors that limit the lignocellulosic material degradation in native rice straw. In this study, enzymes (Cellic Ctec2 cellulase and Cellic Htec2 xylanase) and Triton X-100 (surfactant) were used as biocatalysts for cellulose and xylan degradation and as a lignin blocking agent, respectively. The response surface model (R2 = 0.99 and R2-adj = 0.97) indicated that Cellic Ctec2 cellulase (p < 0.0001) had significant impacts on reducing sugar production, whereas Cellic Htec2 xylanase and Triton X-100 had insignificant impacts on sugar yield. Although FTIR analysis suggested binding of Triton X-100 to lignin surfaces, the morphological observation by SEM revealed similar surface features (i.e., smooth surfaces with some pores) of rice straw irrespective of Triton X-100. The reducing sugar yields from substrate hydrolysis with or without the surfactant were comparable, suggesting similar exposure of polysaccharides accessible to the enzymes. The model analysis and chemical and structural evidence suggest that there would be no positive effects on enzymatic hydrolysis by blocking lignins with Triton X-100 if high lignin coverage exists in the substrate due to the limited availability of hydrolyzable polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sengthong Lee
- Division of Biochemical Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkuntien, Bangkok Thailand.,LigniTech-Lignin Technology Research Group, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkuntien, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Saengchai Akeprathumchai
- Division of Biotechnology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkuntien, Bangkok Thailand
| | - Damkerng Bundidamorn
- LigniTech-Lignin Technology Research Group, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkuntien, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Lakha Salaipeth
- Natural Resource Management Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkuntien, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanokwan Poomputsa
- Division of Biotechnology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkuntien, Bangkok Thailand
| | - Khanok Ratanakhanokchai
- Division of Biochemical Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkuntien, Bangkok Thailand
| | - Ken-Lin Chang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Paripok Phitsuwan
- Division of Biochemical Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkuntien, Bangkok Thailand.,LigniTech-Lignin Technology Research Group, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkuntien, Bangkok, Thailand
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91
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Mankar AR, Pandey A, Modak A, Pant KK. Pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass: A review on recent advances. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 334:125235. [PMID: 33957458 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Depleting fossil reserves and growing energy needs have raised the demand for an alternative and clean energy source. The use of ubiquitously available lignocellulosic biomass for developing economic and eco-friendly large scale biorefinery applications has provided the much-needed impetus in this regard. The pretreatment process is a vital step for biomass transformation into added value products such as sugars, biofuels, etc. Different pretreatment approaches are employed to overcome the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass and expedite its disintegration into individual components- cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. The conventional pretreatment methods lack sustainability and practicability for industrial scale up. The review encompasses the recent advances in selective physical and chemical pretreatment approaches such as milling, extrusion, microwave, ammonia fibre explosion, eutectic solvents etc. The study will allow a deeper understanding of these pretreatment processes and increase their scope as sustainable technologies for developing modern biorefineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay R Mankar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Ashish Pandey
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Arindam Modak
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - K K Pant
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
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92
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Tan J, Li Y, Tan X, Wu H, Li H, Yang S. Advances in Pretreatment of Straw Biomass for Sugar Production. Front Chem 2021; 9:696030. [PMID: 34164381 PMCID: PMC8215366 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.696030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Straw biomass is an inexpensive, sustainable, and abundant renewable feedstock for the production of valuable chemicals and biofuels, which can surmount the main drawbacks such as greenhouse gas emission and environmental pollution, aroused from the consumption of fossil fuels. It is rich in organic content but is not sufficient for extensive applications because of its natural recalcitrance. Therefore, suitable pretreatment is a prerequisite for the efficient production of fermentable sugars by enzymatic hydrolysis. Here, we provide an overview of various pretreatment methods to effectively separate the major components such as hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin and enhance the accessibility and susceptibility of every single component. This review outlines the diverse approaches (e.g., chemical, physical, biological, and combined treatments) for the excellent conversion of straw biomass to fermentable sugars, summarizes the benefits and drawbacks of each pretreatment method, and proposes some investigation prospects for the future pretreatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Tan
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.,Institute of Crops Germplasm Resources, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiang Tan
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hongguo Wu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hu Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Song Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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93
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Cai J, Li H, Jing Q, Li D, Zhang Y. Embedding ruthenium nanoparticles in the shell layer of titanium zirconium oxide hollow spheres to catalyze the degradation of alkali lignin under mild condition. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 411:125161. [PMID: 33485234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To catalyze the degradation of lignin in refractory wastewater efficiently, a new nanocomposite with Ru nanoparticles embedded on the surface of TiZrO4 hollow spheres was fabricated with three method a "sol-gel + calcination + vacuum-impregnation" template method, and the unique binary composition of TiZrO4/Ru prevented the aggregation of Ru and keep its high activity. During 3-h catalytic-oxidation at 160 °C and 2.0 MPa O2, 98% alkali lignin was degraded and 70% organic carbon was mineralized with the catalysis of TiZrO4/Ru, while the values were only 50% and 25% without analysts. The catalyst increased the catalytic-oxidation rate constant k1 (h-1) of alkali lignin from 0.282 h-1 to 1.175 h-1 because of high-efficiency hydroxyl radical production, as determined by EPR. LC-OCD showed that the catalyst decomposed alkali lignin with molecular weight 1-2 kDa to small molecules. Butyl acetate was the main intermediate product, which should be derived from the auto synthesis of butanol and acetic acid. In addition to high conversion efficiency, the catalyst had good stability with 95% capability after five cycles. In real biogas slurry treatment, an increase of biochemical to COD ratio from 0.28 to 0.51, with obvious decoloration, indicated TiZrO4/Ru enhanced the biodegradability of the refractory wastewater significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabai Cai
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Huan Li
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Qi Jing
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Debin Li
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
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94
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Kao MR, Yu SM, Ho THUD. Improvements of the productivity and saccharification efficiency of the cellulolytic β-glucosidase D2-BGL in Pichia pastoris via directed evolution. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:126. [PMID: 34059121 PMCID: PMC8166090 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-01973-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND β-Glucosidases are essential for cellulose hydrolysis by catalyzing the final cellulolytic degradation of cello-oligomers and cellobiose to glucose. D2-BGL is a fungal glycoside hydrolase family 3 (GH3) β-glucosidase isolated from Chaetomella raphigera with high substrate affinity, and is an efficient β-glucosidase supplement to Trichoderma reesei cellulase mixtures for the saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass. RESULTS We have carried out error-prone PCR to further increase catalytic efficiency of wild-type (WT) D2-BGL. Three mutants, each with substitution of two amino acids on D2-BGL, exhibited increased activity in a preliminary mutant screening in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Effects of single amino acid replacements on catalysis efficiency and enzyme production have been investigated by subsequent expression in Pichia pastoris. Substitution F256M resulted in enhancing the tolerance to substrate inhibition and specific activity, and substitution D224G resulted in increasing the production of recombinant enzyme. The best D2-BGL mutant generated, Mut M, was constructed by combining beneficial mutations D224G, F256M and Y260D. Expression of Mut M in Pichia pastoris resulted in 2.7-fold higher production of recombinant protein, higher Vmax and greater substrate inhibition tolerance towards cellobiose relative to wild-type enzyme. Surprisingly, Mut M overexpression induced the ER unfolded protein response to a level lower than that with WT D2 overexpression in P. pastoris. When combined with the T. reesei cellulase preparation Celluclast 1.5L, Mut M hydrolyzed acid-pretreated sugarcane bagasse more efficiently than WT D2. CONCLUSIONS D2-BGL mutant Mut M was generated successfully by following directed evolution approach. Mut M carries three mutations that are not reported in other directed evolution studies of GH3 β-glucosidases, and this mutant exhibited greater tolerance to substrate inhibition and higher Vmax than wild-type enzyme. Besides the enhanced specific activity, Mut M also exhibited a higher protein titer than WT D2 when it was overexpressed in P. pastoris. Our study demonstrates that both catalytic efficiency and productivity of a cellulolytic enzyme can be enhanced via protein engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Rong Kao
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 115 Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115 Taiwan
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115 Taiwan
| | - Su-May Yu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115 Taiwan
- Department of Plant Pathology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402 Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402 Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402 Taiwan
| | - Tuan-H ua David Ho
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115 Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402 Taiwan
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95
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Sinitsyn AP, Sinitsyna OA. Bioconversion of Renewable Plant Biomass. Second-Generation Biofuels: Raw Materials, Biomass Pretreatment, Enzymes, Processes, and Cost Analysis. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2021; 86:S166-S195. [PMID: 33827407 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921140121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The review discusses various aspects of renewable plant biomass conversion and production of the second-generation biofuels, including the types of plant biomass, its composition and reaction ability in the enzymatic hydrolysis, and various pretreatment methods for increasing the biomass reactivity. Conversion of plant biomass into sugars requires the use of a complex of enzymes, the composition of which should be adapted to the biomass type and the pretreatment method. The efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis can be increased by optimizing the composition of the enzymatic complex and by increasing the catalytic activity and operational stability of its constituent enzymes. The availability of active enzyme producers also plays an important role. Examples of practical implementation and scaling of processes for the production of second-generation biofuels are presented together with the cost analysis of bioethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadij P Sinitsyn
- Bakh Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia. .,Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Olga A Sinitsyna
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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96
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Haile A, Gelebo GG, Tesfaye T, Mengie W, Mebrate MA, Abuhay A, Limeneh DY. Pulp and paper mill wastes: utilizations and prospects for high value-added biomaterials. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:35. [PMID: 38650230 PMCID: PMC10991416 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00385-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A wide variety of biomass is available all around the world. Most of the biomass exists as a by-product from manufacturing industries. Pulp and paper mills contribute to a higher amount of these biomasses mostly discarded in the landfills creating an environmental burden. Biomasses from other sources have been used to produce different kinds and grades of biomaterials such as those used in industrial and medical applications. The present review aims to investigate the availability of biomass from pulp and paper mills and show sustainable routes for the production of high value-added biomaterials. The study reveals that using conventional and integrated biorefinery technology the ample variety and quantity of waste generated from pulp and paper mills can be converted into wealth. As per the findings of the current review, it is shown that high-performance carbon fiber and bioplastic can be manufactured from black liquor of pulping waste; the cellulosic waste from sawdust and sludge can be utilized for the synthesis of CNC and regenerated fibers such as viscose rayon and acetate; the mineral-based pulping wastes and fly ash can be used for manufacturing of different kinds of biocomposites. The different biomaterials obtained from the pulp and paper mill biomass can be used for versatile applications including conventional, high performance, and smart materials. Through customization and optimization of the conversion techniques and product manufacturing schemes, a variety of engineering materials can be obtained from pulp and paper mill wastes realizing the current global waste to wealth developmental approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adane Haile
- Biorefinery Research Centre, Ethiopian Institute of Textile and Fashion Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
| | - Gemeda Gebino Gelebo
- Biorefinery Research Centre, Ethiopian Institute of Textile and Fashion Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Tamrat Tesfaye
- Biorefinery Research Centre, Ethiopian Institute of Textile and Fashion Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Wassie Mengie
- Biorefinery Research Centre, Ethiopian Institute of Textile and Fashion Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Million Ayele Mebrate
- Biorefinery Research Centre, Ethiopian Institute of Textile and Fashion Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Amare Abuhay
- Biorefinery Research Centre, Ethiopian Institute of Textile and Fashion Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Derseh Yilie Limeneh
- Biorefinery Research Centre, Ethiopian Institute of Textile and Fashion Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
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97
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Weed Management Practices to Improve Establishment of Selected Lignocellulosic Crops. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14092478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the dominant renewable energy resources suited for the production of sustainable biofuels and other energy purposes. This study was focused on weed management strategies that can improve the establishment of six lignocellulosic crops. The studied crops included: giant miscanthus, switchgrass, giant reed, cardoon, sweet sorghum, and kenaf. Delayed planting, increased planting densities, and mulching techniques can suppress weeds in giant miscanthus. Weed competition is detrimental for switchgrass establishment. Seedbed preparation and cultivar selection can determine its ability to compete with weeds. Giant reed is unlikely to get outcompeted by weeds, and any weed control operation is required only for the first growing season. Competitive cultivars and increased seeding rates maximize the competitiveness of cardoon against weeds. Several cultural practices can be used for non-chemical weed management in sweet sorghum and kenaf. For all crops, pre-emergence herbicides can be applied. The available safe post-emergence herbicides are limited. Mechanical weed control during crucial growth stages can provide solutions for sweet sorghum, kenaf, and perennial grasses. Further research is required to develop effective weed management strategies, with emphasis on cultural practices, that can improve the establishment of these prominent lignocellulosic crops.
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98
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Cai X, Hu CH, Wang J, Zeng XH, Luo JX, Li M, Liu ZQ, Zheng YG. Efficient high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis of corncobs by an acidic pretreatment and a fed-batch feeding mode. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 326:124768. [PMID: 33529982 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Corncob is an abundant and renewable resource that could be enzymatically hydrolyzed to fermentable sugar. A major impediment in corncob utilization is the low hydrolysis efficiency at high-solids content. This study attempted different pretreatment methods and fed-batch modes to achieve a 25% solids content hydrolysis with high yields. Natural corncobs were compared with acid-treated and acid-alkali-treated corncobs in terms of kinetics parameters, conversion rate and glucose titer. By feeding in batches, a "low amount and high frequency" mode (10%-3%-3%-3%-3%-3%, every 5 h) was confirmed to be optimal for a 25% high-solids hydrolysis system with a cellulase loading of 12 mg/g (7.3 FPU/g), resulted with an 84.4% glucose yield at 96 h. Our results demonstrated that combination of both optimized pretreatment method and fed-batch mode were a favored process model for high-solids hydrolysis of lignocellulose, boosting cellulose hydrolysis efficiency and sugar yields on an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Cai
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Huakang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 18 Huagong Road, Huabu Town, Kaihua County, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324302, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Hui Hu
- Zhejiang Huakang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 18 Huagong Road, Huabu Town, Kaihua County, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324302, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Zhejiang Huakang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 18 Huagong Road, Huabu Town, Kaihua County, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324302, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Hao Zeng
- Zhejiang Huakang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 18 Huagong Road, Huabu Town, Kaihua County, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324302, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Xing Luo
- Zhejiang Huakang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 18 Huagong Road, Huabu Town, Kaihua County, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324302, People's Republic of China
| | - Mian Li
- Zhejiang Huakang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 18 Huagong Road, Huabu Town, Kaihua County, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324302, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Guo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
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99
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Sheng Y, Lam SS, Wu Y, Ge S, Wu J, Cai L, Huang Z, Le QV, Sonne C, Xia C. Enzymatic conversion of pretreated lignocellulosic biomass: A review on influence of structural changes of lignin. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 324:124631. [PMID: 33454445 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The demands of energy sustainability drive efforts to bio-chemical conversion of biomass into biofuels through pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, and microbial fermentation. Pretreatment leads to significant structural changes of the complex lignin polymer that affect yield and productivity of the enzymatic conversion of lignocellulosic biomass. Structural changes of lignin after pretreatment include functional groups, inter unit linkages and compositions. These changes influence non-productive adsorption of enzyme on lignin through hydrophobic interaction and electrostatic interaction as well as hydrogen bonding. This paper reviews the relationships between structural changes of lignin and enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated lignocellulosic biomass. The formation of pseudo-lignin during dilute acid pretreatment is revealed, and their negative effect on enzymatic hydrolysis is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yequan Sheng
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forestry Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forestry Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Yingji Wu
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forestry Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Shengbo Ge
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forestry Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Jinglei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Cai
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forestry Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76207, USA
| | - Zhenhua Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76207, USA
| | - Quyet Van Le
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam
| | - Christian Sonne
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forestry Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Changlei Xia
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forestry Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
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100
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Alvarez-Barreto JF, Larrea F, Pinos C MC, Benalcázar J, Oña D, Viteri DA, Leon M, Almeida-Streitwieser D D. Chemical Pretreatments on Residual Cocoa Pod Shell Biomass for Bioethanol Production. BIONATURA 2021. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2020.06.01.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cocoa pod shell is an essential agricultural residue in Ecuador, and this study addressed its potential valorization for bioethanol production. For this, three types of pretreatments, acid, alkaline, and autohydrolysis, were applied to pod shells from two different cocoa types, national and CCN-51. to remove the lignin. Untreated and treated biomasses were characterized by composition, thermal stability, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FITR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The treated biomass was then enzymatically hydrolyzed with cellulase. Reducing sugars were quantified after pretreatments and enzymatic hydrolysis, and the pretreatment liquors and the enzymatic hydrolysates were subjected to alcoholic fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
There were substantial differences in composition between both biomasses, particularly in lignin content, with national cocoa having the lowest values. All pretreatment conditions had significant effects on biomass composition, structure, and thermal properties. After alkaline pretreatment, the biomass presented the highest cellulose and lowest lignin contents, resulting in the highest reducing sugar concentration in the pretreatment liquor. The highest lignin content was found after the acid pretreatment, which resulted in low, reducing sugar concentrations. Autohydrolysis produced similar results as the acid pretreatment; however, it resulted in the highest sugar concentration after enzymatic hydrolysis, while the acid-treated sample had negligible levels. After fermentation, there were no differences in productivity among the pretreatment liquors, but autohydrolysis had the largest ethanol yield. In the hydrolysates, it was also autohydrolysis that resulted in higher productivity and yield. Thus, there is an indication of the formation of inhibitors, both enzymatic activity and ethanol production, in the acid and alkaline pretreatments, and this should be tackled in future research. Nonetheless, given the crucial changes observed in biomass, we believe that cocoa pod shell pretreatment has potential for the generation of reducing sugars that could be further used in different bioprocesses, nor only bioethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose F. Alvarez-Barreto
- Institute for the Development of Alternative Energies and Materials, IDEMA. Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Ecuador
| | - Fernando Larrea
- Institute for the Development of Alternative Energies and Materials, IDEMA. Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Ecuador
| | - Maria C. Pinos C
- Institute for the Development of Alternative Energies and Materials, IDEMA. Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jose Benalcázar
- Institute for the Development of Alternative Energies and Materials, IDEMA. Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Ecuador
| | - Daniela Oña
- Institute for the Development of Alternative Energies and Materials, IDEMA. Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Ecuador
| | - Daniela A. Viteri
- Institute for the Development of Alternative Energies and Materials, IDEMA. Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Ecuador
| | - Marco Leon
- Institute for Materials Research and Applications, IIMA. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Ecuador
| | - Daniela Almeida-Streitwieser D
- Institute for the Development of Alternative Energies and Materials, IDEMA. Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Ecuador
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