51
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Urra FA, Fuentes-Retamal S, Palominos C, Rodríguez-Lucart YA, López-Torres C, Araya-Maturana R. Extracellular Matrix Signals as Drivers of Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Metabolic Plasticity of Cancer Cells During Metastasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:751301. [PMID: 34733852 PMCID: PMC8558415 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.751301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of metabolism in tumor growth and chemoresistance has received considerable attention, however, the contribution of mitochondrial bioenergetics in migration, invasion, and metastasis is recently being understood. Migrating cancer cells adapt their energy needs to fluctuating changes in the microenvironment, exhibiting high metabolic plasticity. This occurs due to dynamic changes in the contributions of metabolic pathways to promote localized ATP production in lamellipodia and control signaling mediated by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Recent evidence has shown that metabolic shifts toward a mitochondrial metabolism based on the reductive carboxylation, glutaminolysis, and phosphocreatine-creatine kinase pathways promote resistance to anoikis, migration, and invasion in cancer cells. The PGC1a-driven metabolic adaptations with increased electron transport chain activity and superoxide levels are essential for metastasis in several cancer models. Notably, these metabolic changes can be determined by the composition and density of the extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM stiffness, integrins, and small Rho GTPases promote mitochondrial fragmentation, mitochondrial localization in focal adhesion complexes, and metabolic plasticity, supporting enhanced migration and metastasis. Here, we discuss the role of ECM in regulating mitochondrial metabolism during migration and metastasis, highlighting the therapeutic potential of compounds affecting mitochondrial function and selectively block cancer cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix A Urra
- Laboratorio de Plasticidad Metabólica y Bioenergética, Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastián Fuentes-Retamal
- Laboratorio de Plasticidad Metabólica y Bioenergética, Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile
| | - Charlotte Palominos
- Laboratorio de Plasticidad Metabólica y Bioenergética, Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yarcely A Rodríguez-Lucart
- Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Camila López-Torres
- Laboratorio de Plasticidad Metabólica y Bioenergética, Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ramiro Araya-Maturana
- Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
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CEMIP, a novel adaptor protein of OGT, promotes colorectal cancer metastasis through glutamine metabolic reprogramming via reciprocal regulation of β-catenin. Oncogene 2021; 40:6443-6455. [PMID: 34608265 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02023-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of colorectal cancer (CRC)-induced death. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of CRC metastasis are poorly understood. Metabolic reprogramming is an intrinsic feature of cancer, which have complicated effects on cancer metastasis. Here, we find that a novel metastasis-related protein, cell migration-inducing and hyaluronan-binding protein (CEMIP), can act as a novel adaptor protein of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) to promote CRC metastasis through glutamine metabolic reprogramming. Mechanistically, CEMIP interacts with OGT and β-catenin, which leads to elevated O-GlcNAcylation of β-catenin and enhanced β-catenin nuclear translocation from cytomembrane. Furthermore, accumulated β-catenin in nucleus enhances the transcription of CEMIP to reciprocally regulate β-catenin and contributes to over-expression of glutaminase 1 and glutamine transporters (SLC1A5 and SLC38A2). Combinational inhibition of CEMIP and glutamine metabolism could dramatically attenuate the metastasis of CRC in vivo. Collectively, this study reveals the importance of glutamine metabolic reprogramming in CEMIP-induced CRC metastasis, indicating the great potential of CEMIP and glutamine metabolism for CRC metastasis prevention.
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53
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Castelli S, De Falco P, Ciccarone F, Desideri E, Ciriolo MR. Lipid Catabolism and ROS in Cancer: A Bidirectional Liaison. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215484. [PMID: 34771647 PMCID: PMC8583096 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cancer cell metabolism was mainly considered to rely on glycolysis, with the concomitant impairment of mitochondrial metabolism, it has recently been demonstrated that several tumor types are sustained by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). In this context, endogenous fatty acids (FAs) deriving from lipolysis or lipophagy are oxidised into the mitochondrion, and are used as a source of energy through OXPHOS. Because the electron transport chain is the main source of ROS, cancer cells relying on fatty acid oxidation (FAO) need to be equipped with antioxidant systems that maintain the ROS levels under the death threshold. In those conditions, ROS can act as second messengers, favouring proliferation and survival. Herein, we highlight the different responses that tumor cells adopt when lipid catabolism is augmented, taking into account the different ROS fates. Many papers have demonstrated that the pro- or anti-tumoral roles of endogenous FA usage are hugely dependent on the tumor type, and on the capacity of cancer cells to maintain redox homeostasis. In light of this, clinical studies have taken advantage of the boosting of lipid catabolism to increase the efficacy of tumor therapy, whereas, in other contexts, antioxidant compounds are useful to reduce the pro-survival effects of ROS deriving from FAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Castelli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (P.D.F.); (E.D.)
| | - Pamela De Falco
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (P.D.F.); (E.D.)
| | - Fabio Ciccarone
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy;
| | - Enrico Desideri
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (P.D.F.); (E.D.)
| | - Maria Rosa Ciriolo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (P.D.F.); (E.D.)
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via Della Pisana 235, 00163 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
Metastases represent a major cause of cancer-associated deaths. Despite extensive research, targeting metastasis remains the main obstacle in cancer therapy. Therefore, it is of tremendous importance to elucidate the mechanisms that impinge on the different steps of the metastatic cascade. Metabolic plasticity is a cornerstone of the tumorigenic process that not only enables cancer cells to rapidly proliferate but also thrive and retain vitality. Plasticity of the metabolic networks that wire cancer cells is of utmost importance during the metastatic cascade when cancer cells are at their most vulnerable and have to survive in a panoply of inhospitable environments as they make their journey to form metastatic lesions. Here, we highlight which metabolic processes are known to power metastasis formation and lay the foundation for additional work aimed at discovering regulatory nodes of metabolic plasticity that can be used to target metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Drapela
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ana P Gomes
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
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55
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Greco L, Rubbino F, Morelli A, Gaiani F, Grizzi F, de’Angelis GL, Malesci A, Laghi L. Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition: A Challenging Playground for Translational Research. Current Models and Focus on TWIST1 Relevance and Gastrointestinal Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111469. [PMID: 34768901 PMCID: PMC8584071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Resembling the development of cancer by multistep carcinogenesis, the evolution towards metastasis involves several passages, from local invasion and intravasation, encompassing surviving anoikis into the circulation, landing at distant sites and therein establishing colonization, possibly followed by the outgrowth of macroscopic lesions. Within this cascade, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) works as a pleiotropic program enabling cancer cells to overcome local, systemic, and distant barriers against diffusion by replacing traits and functions of the epithelial signature with mesenchymal-like ones. Along the transition, a full-blown mesenchymal phenotype may not be accomplished. Rather, the plasticity of the program and its dependency on heterotopic signals implies a pendulum with oscillations towards its reversal, that is mesenchymal to epithelial transition. Cells in intermixed E⇔M states can also display stemness, enabling their replication together with the epithelial reversion next to successful distant colonization. If we aim to include the EMT among the hallmarks of cancer that could modify clinical practice, the gap between the results pursued in basic research by animal models and those achieved in translational research by surrogate biomarkers needs to be filled. We review the knowledge on EMT, derived from models and mechanistic studies as well as from translational studies, with an emphasis on gastrointestinal cancers (GI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Greco
- Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (L.G.); (F.R.); (A.M.)
| | - Federica Rubbino
- Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (L.G.); (F.R.); (A.M.)
| | - Alessandra Morelli
- Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (L.G.); (F.R.); (A.M.)
| | - Federica Gaiani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (F.G.); (G.L.d.)
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, University-Hospital of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Fabio Grizzi
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy;
| | - Gian Luigi de’Angelis
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (F.G.); (G.L.d.)
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, University-Hospital of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Alberto Malesci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy;
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Luigi Laghi
- Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (L.G.); (F.R.); (A.M.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (F.G.); (G.L.d.)
- Correspondence:
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56
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Bisht VS, Giri K, Kumar D, Ambatipudi K. Oxygen and metabolic reprogramming in the tumor microenvironment influences metastasis homing. Cancer Biol Ther 2021; 22:493-512. [PMID: 34696706 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2021.1992233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is the leading cause of cancer mortality, often characterized by abnormal cell growth and invasion to distant organs. The cancer invasion due to epithelial to mesenchymal transition is affected by metabolic and oxygen availability in the tumor-associated micro-environment. A precise alteration in oxygen and metabolic signaling between healthy and metastatic cells is a substantial probe for understanding tumor progression and metastasis. Molecular heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment help to sustain the metastatic cell growth during their survival shift from low to high metabolic-oxygen-rich sites and reinforces the metastatic events. This review highlighted the crucial role of oxygen and metabolites in metastatic progression and exemplified the role of metabolic rewiring and oxygen availability in cancer cell adaptation. Furthermore, we have also addressed potential applications of altered oxygen and metabolic networking with tumor type that could be a signature pattern to assess tumor growth and chemotherapeutics efficacy in managing cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod S Bisht
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - Kuldeep Giri
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Cancer Biology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Kiran Ambatipudi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
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57
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Liu Y, Wang Y, Song S, Zhang H. Cancer therapeutic strategies based on metal ions. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12234-12247. [PMID: 34603654 PMCID: PMC8480331 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03516a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As a necessary substance to maintain the body's normal life activities, metal ions are ubiquitous in organisms and play a major role in various complex physiological and biochemical processes, such as material transportation, energy conversion, information transmission, metabolic regulation, etc. Their abnormal distribution/accumulation in cells can interfere with these processes, causing irreversible physical damage to cells or activating biochemical reactions to induce cell death. Therefore, metal ions can be exploited against a wide spectrum of cancers with high efficiency and without drug resistance, which can effectively inhibit the growth of cancer cells by triggering biocatalysis, breaking the osmotic balance, affecting metabolism, interfering with signal transduction, damaging DNA, etc. This perspective systematically summarizes the latest research progress of metal ion-based anti-tumor therapy, and emphasizes the challenges and development directions of this type of therapeutic strategy, hoping to provide a general implication for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Yinghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
| | - Shuyan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
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58
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Neinavaie F, Ibrahim-Hashim A, Kramer AM, Brown JS, Richards CL. The Genomic Processes of Biological Invasions: From Invasive Species to Cancer Metastases and Back Again. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.681100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of invasion is useful across a broad range of contexts, spanning from the fine scale landscape of cancer tumors up to the broader landscape of ecosystems. Invasion biology provides extraordinary opportunities for studying the mechanistic basis of contemporary evolution at the molecular level. Although the field of invasion genetics was established in ecology and evolution more than 50 years ago, there is still a limited understanding of how genomic level processes translate into invasive phenotypes across different taxa in response to complex environmental conditions. This is largely because the study of most invasive species is limited by information about complex genome level processes. We lack good reference genomes for most species. Rigorous studies to examine genomic processes are generally too costly. On the contrary, cancer studies are fortified with extensive resources for studying genome level dynamics and the interactions among genetic and non-genetic mechanisms. Extensive analysis of primary tumors and metastatic samples have revealed the importance of several genomic mechanisms including higher mutation rates, specific types of mutations, aneuploidy or whole genome doubling and non-genetic effects. Metastatic sites can be directly compared to primary tumor cell counterparts. At the same time, clonal dynamics shape the genomics and evolution of metastatic cancers. Clonal diversity varies by cancer type, and the tumors’ donor and recipient tissues. Still, the cancer research community has been unable to identify any common events that provide a universal predictor of “metastatic potential” which parallels findings in evolutionary ecology. Instead, invasion in cancer studies depends strongly on context, including order of events and clonal composition. The detailed studies of the behavior of a variety of human cancers promises to inform our understanding of genome level dynamics in the diversity of invasive species and provide novel insights for management.
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59
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Peng Y, Yang H, Li S. The role of glycometabolic plasticity in cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 226:153595. [PMID: 34481210 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated glycometabolism represented by the Warburg effect is well recognized as a hallmark of cancer that can be driven by oncogenes (e.g., c-Myc, K-ras, and BRAF) and contribute to cellular malignant transformation. The Warburg effect reveals the different glycometabolic patterns of cancer cells, but this unique glycometabolic pattern has the characteristic of plasticity rather than changeless which can vary with different internal or external stimuli during evolution. Glycometabolic plasticity enables cancer cells to modulate glycometabolism to support progression, metastasis, treatment resistance and recurrence. In this review, we report the characteristics of glycometabolic plasticity during different stages of cancer evolution, providing insight into the molecular mechanisms of glycometabolic plasticity in cancer. In addition, we discussed the challenges and future research directions of glycometabolism research in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Peng
- Multidisciplinary Center for Pituitary Adenomas of Chongqing, Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Multidisciplinary Center for Pituitary Adenomas of Chongqing, Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Song Li
- Multidisciplinary Center for Pituitary Adenomas of Chongqing, Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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60
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Li Y, Tang J, Jiang J, Chen Z. Metabolic checkpoints and novel approaches for immunotherapy against cancer. Int J Cancer 2021; 150:195-207. [PMID: 34460110 PMCID: PMC9298207 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
While immunotherapy has achieved unprecedented success in conquering cancer, the majority of patients develop primary or acquired resistance to immunotherapy, largely in part due to the complicated metabolic networks in the tumor microenvironment. The microenvironmental metabolic networks are woven by a set of metabolic checkpoints, and accumulating evidence indicates that these metabolic checkpoints orchestrate antitumor immunity and immunotherapy. Metabolic checkpoints can regulate T cell development, differentiation and function, orchestrate metabolic competition between tumor cells and infiltrating T cells, and respond to the metabolic stress imposed on the infiltrating T cells. Furthermore, metabolic checkpoints and pathways can modulate the expression profiles of immune checkpoint receptors and ligands and vice versa. Therefore, repurposing interventions targeting metabolic checkpoints might synergize with immunotherapy, and promising approaches to reprogram the metabolic environment are much more warranted. In this review, we summarize recent researches on the metabolic checkpoints and discuss how these metabolic checkpoints regulate antitumor immunity and the promising approaches to modulate these metabolic checkpoints in the combination therapy. A comprehensive and objective understanding of the metabolic checkpoints might help the research and development of novel approaches to antitumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Li
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juan Tang
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianli Jiang
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhinan Chen
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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61
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Ren B, Yang J, Wang C, Yang G, Wang H, Chen Y, Xu R, Fan X, You L, Zhang T, Zhao Y. High-resolution Hi-C maps highlight multiscale 3D epigenome reprogramming during pancreatic cancer metastasis. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:120. [PMID: 34348759 PMCID: PMC8336101 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01131-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer’s poor prognosis is caused by distal metastasis, which is associated with epigenetic changes. However, the role of the 3D epigenome in pancreatic cancer biology, especially its metastasis, remains unclear. Methods Here, we developed high-resolution 3D epigenomic maps of cells derived from normal pancreatic epithelium, primary and metastatic pancreatic cancer by in situ Hi-C, ChIP-seq, ATAC-seq, and RNA-seq to identify key genes involved in pancreatic cancer metastasis Results We found that A/B compartments, contact domains, and chromatin loops changed significantly in metastatic pancreatic cancer cells, which are associated with epigenetic state alterations. Moreover, we found that upregulated genes, which were located in switched compartments, changed contact domains, and metastasis-specific enhancer-promoter loops, were related to cancer metastasis and poor prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer. We also found that transcription factors in specific enhancer-promoter loop formation were also associated with metastasis. Finally we demonstrated that LIPC, looped to metastasis-specific enhancers, could promote pancreatic cancer metastasis. Conclusions These results highlight the multiscale 3D epigenome reprogramming during pancreatic cancer metastasis and expand our knowledge of mechanisms of gene regulation during pancreatic cancer metastasis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13045-021-01131-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ren
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinshou Yang
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanyu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiyuan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuning Fan
- Annoroad Gene Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100176, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei You
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Taiping Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China.
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62
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Lin S, Li Y, Wang D, Huang C, Marino D, Bollt O, Wu C, Taylor MD, Li W, DeNicola GM, Hao J, Singh PK, Yang S. Fascin promotes lung cancer growth and metastasis by enhancing glycolysis and PFKFB3 expression. Cancer Lett 2021; 518:230-242. [PMID: 34303764 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Fascin is a pro-metastatic actin-bundling protein that is upregulated in all metastatic carcinomas. Fascin promotes cancer cell migration and invasion by facilitating membrane protrusions, such as filopodia and invadopodia. Aerobic glycolysis is a key feature of cancer metabolism and provides critical intermediate metabolites for tumor growth. Here, we report that fascin increases glycolysis in lung cancer to promote tumor growth and metastasis. Fascin promotes glycolytic flux by increasing the expression and activities of phosphofructose-kinases 1 and 2 (PFK1 and 2). Fascin mediates glycolytic functions via activation of yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) through its canonical actin-bundling activity by promoting the binding of YAP1 to a TEAD1/4 binding motif located 30 bp upstream of the PFKFB3 transcription start site to activate its transcription. Examination of the TCGA database suggests that the fascin-YAP1-PFKFB3 axis is likely conserved across different types of cancers. Importantly, pharmacological inhibitors of fascin suppressed YAP1-PFKFB3 signaling and glycolysis in cancer cell lines, organoid cultures, and xenograft metastasis models. Taken together, our data reveal that the glycolytic function of fascin is essential for the promotion of lung cancer growth and metabolism, and suggest that pharmacological inhibitors of fascin may be used to reprogram cancer metabolism in lung and potentially other cancers with fascin upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchen Lin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Yunzhan Li
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Dezhen Wang
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Chongbiao Huang
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - David Marino
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Oana Bollt
- Department of Surgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Chaodong Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Matthew D Taylor
- Department of Surgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Gina M DeNicola
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jihui Hao
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
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Herroon MK, Mecca S, Haimbaugh A, Garmo LC, Rajagurubandara E, Todi SV, Baker TR, Podgorski I. Adipocyte-driven unfolded protein response is a shared transcriptomic signature of metastatic prostate carcinoma cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:119101. [PMID: 34280426 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A critical unknown in the field of skeletal metastases is how cancer cells find a way to thrive under harsh conditions, as exemplified by metastatic colonization of adipocyte-rich bone marrow by prostate carcinoma cells. To begin understanding molecular processes that enable tumor cells to survive and progress in difficult microenvironments such as bone, we performed unbiased examination of the transcriptome of two different prostate cancer cell lines in the absence or presence of bone marrow adipocytes. Our RNAseq analyses and subsequent quantitative PCR and protein-based assays reveal that upregulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR) genes is a shared signature between metastatic prostate carcinoma cell lines of different origin. Pathway analyses and pharmacological examinations highlight the ER chaperone BIP as an upstream coordinator of this transcriptomic signature. Additional patient-based data support our overall conclusion that ER stress and UPR induction are shared, important factors in the response and adaptation of metastatic tumor cells to their micro-environment. Our studies pave the way for additional mechanistic investigations and offer new clues towards effective therapeutic interventions in metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie K Herroon
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Shane Mecca
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Alex Haimbaugh
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States of America; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Laimar C Garmo
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Erandi Rajagurubandara
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Sokol V Todi
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States of America; Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Tracie R Baker
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States of America; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Izabela Podgorski
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States of America; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, United States of America.
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64
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Shaik B, Zafar T, Balasubramanian K, Gupta SP. An Overview of Ovarian Cancer: Molecular Processes Involved and Development of Target-based Chemotherapeutics. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:329-346. [PMID: 33183204 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620999201111155426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the leading gynecologic diseases with a high mortality rate worldwide. Current statistical studies on cancer reveal that over the past two decades, the fifth most common cause of death related to cancer in females of the western world is ovarian cancer. In spite of significant strides made in genomics, proteomics and radiomics, there has been little progress in transitioning these research advances into effective clinical administration of ovarian cancer. Consequently, researchers have diverted their attention to finding various molecular processes involved in the development of this cancer and how these processes can be exploited to develop potential chemotherapeutics to treat this cancer. The present review gives an overview of these studies which may update the researchers on where we stand and where to go further. The unfortunate situation with ovarian cancer that still exists is that most patients with it do not show any symptoms until the disease has moved to an advanced stage. Undoubtedly, several targets-based drugs have been developed to treat it, but drug-resistance and the recurrence of this disease are still a problem. For the development of potential chemotherapeutics for ovarian cancer, however, some theoretical approaches have also been applied. A description of such methods and their success in this direction is also covered in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basheerulla Shaik
- Department of Applied Sciences, National Institute of Technical Teachers' Training & Research, Shamla Hills, Shanti Marg, Bhopal-462002, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Tabassum Zafar
- Department of Biosciences, Barkatullah University, Bhopal-462026, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | | | - Satya P Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Meerut-250002, India
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65
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Zanotelli MR, Zhang J, Reinhart-King CA. Mechanoresponsive metabolism in cancer cell migration and metastasis. Cell Metab 2021; 33:1307-1321. [PMID: 33915111 PMCID: PMC9015673 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Altered tissue mechanics and metabolism are defining characteristics of cancer that impact not only proliferation but also migration. While migrating through a mechanically and spatially heterogeneous microenvironment, changes in metabolism allow cells to dynamically tune energy generation and bioenergetics in response to fluctuating energy needs. Physical cues from the extracellular matrix influence mechanosignaling pathways, cell mechanics, and cytoskeletal architecture to alter presentation and function of metabolic enzymes. In cancer, altered mechanosensing and metabolic reprogramming supports metabolic plasticity and high energy production while cells migrate and metastasize. Here, we discuss the role of mechanoresponsive metabolism in regulating cell migration and supporting metastasis as well as the potential of therapeutically targeting cancer metabolism to block motility and potentially metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Zanotelli
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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66
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Sha L, Lv Z, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Sui X, Wang T, Zhang H. Shikonin inhibits the Warburg effect, cell proliferation, invasion and migration by downregulating PFKFB2 expression in lung cancer. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:560. [PMID: 34109434 PMCID: PMC8201656 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most lethal diseases and therefore poses a significant threat to human health. The Warburg effect, which is the observation that cancer cells predominately produce energy through glycolysis, even under aerobic conditions, is a hallmark of cancer. 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 2 (PFKFB) is an important regulator of glycolysis. Shikonin is a Traditional Chinese herbal medicine, which has been reported to exert antitumor effects. The present study aimed to investigate the anticancer activity of shikonin in lung cancer. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assays were used to analyze proliferation in A549 and H446 cells. Wound healing and Transwell assays were used to measure migration and invasion in A549 and H446 cells. Cell apoptosis was analyzed using flow cytometry. Lactate levels, glucose uptake and cellular ATP levels were measured using their corresponding commercial kits. Western blotting was performed to analyze the protein expression levels of key enzymes involved in aerobic glucose metabolism. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used to analyze the mRNA expression levels of PFKFB2. The results of the present study revealed that PFKFB2 expression levels were significantly upregulated in NSCLC tissues. Shikonin treatment decreased the proliferation, migration, invasion, glucose uptake, lactate levels, ATP levels and PFKFB2 expression levels and increased apoptosis in lung cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. The overexpression of PFKFB2 increased the proliferation, migration, glucose uptake, lactate levels and ATP levels in lung cancer cells, while the knockdown of PFKFB2 expression exerted the opposite effects. Moreover, there were no significant differences in lung cancer cell migration, apoptosis, glucose uptake, lactate levels and ATP levels between cells with knocked down PFKFB2 expression or treated with shikonin and the knockdown of PFKFB2 in cells treated with shikonin. In conclusion, the results of the present study revealed that shikonin inhibited the Warburg effect and exerted antitumor activity in lung cancer cells, which was associated with the downregulation of PFKFB2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Sha
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Yujun Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Business, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Xin Sui
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Teng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
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67
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Hipólito A, Martins F, Mendes C, Lopes-Coelho F, Serpa J. Molecular and Metabolic Reprogramming: Pulling the Strings Toward Tumor Metastasis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:656851. [PMID: 34150624 PMCID: PMC8209414 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.656851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a major hurdle to the efficient treatment of cancer, accounting for the great majority of cancer-related deaths. Although several studies have disclosed the detailed mechanisms underlying primary tumor formation, the emergence of metastatic disease remains poorly understood. This multistep process encompasses the dissemination of cancer cells to distant organs, followed by their adaptation to foreign microenvironments and establishment in secondary tumors. During the last decades, it was discovered that these events may be favored by particular metabolic patterns, which are dependent on reprogrammed signaling pathways in cancer cells while they acquire metastatic traits. In this review, we present current knowledge of molecular mechanisms that coordinate the crosstalk between metastatic signaling and cellular metabolism. The recent findings involving the contribution of crucial metabolic pathways involved in the bioenergetics and biosynthesis control in metastatic cells are summarized. Finally, we highlight new promising metabolism-based therapeutic strategies as a putative way of impairing metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Hipólito
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filipa Martins
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cindy Mendes
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filipa Lopes-Coelho
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jacinta Serpa
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
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68
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Peng L, Zhang Y, Wang Z. Immune Responses against Disseminated Tumor Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2515. [PMID: 34063848 PMCID: PMC8196619 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Most cancer-related deaths are a consequence of metastases, a series of linear events, notably the invasion-metastasis cascade. The current understanding of cancer immune surveillance derives from studies in primary tumors, but disseminated cancer cells acquire mutations and, in some cases, appear to progress independently after spreading from primary sites. An early step in this process is micrometastatic dissemination. As such, the equilibrium between the immune system and disseminated cancer cells controls the fate of the cancer. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) exhibit significant clinical activity in patients, but the efficacy of ICIs depends on both the tumor and its microenvironment. Data often suggest that disseminated cancer cells are not adequately targeted by the immune system. In this review, we summarize the main basic findings of immune responses against disseminated tumor cells and their organ-specific characteristics. Such studies may provide new directions for cancer immune therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Peng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yongchang Zhang
- Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Changsha 410013, China;
| | - Zibing Wang
- Department of Immunotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
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69
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Identification of SRGAP2 as a potential oncogene and a prognostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma. Life Sci 2021; 277:119592. [PMID: 33984363 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the common malignancies worldwide. Slit-Robo GTPase-activating proteins (SRGAPs) have been shown to regulate the occurrence and development of various tumors. However, their specific roles in HCC remain elusive. METHODS The expression pattern, genetic alteration and prognostic value of SRGAPs in HCC are analyzed by bioinformatics tools. The biological functions of SRGAP2 in HCC cells are demonstrated by in vitro experiments. The high-throughput RNA sequencing is conducted to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms of SRGAP2 in HCC cells. RESULTS The expression levels of SRGAP1 and SRGAP2 are significantly elevated in HCC tissues compared to the normal both in Oncomine and TCGA datasets, and SRGAP2 are dramatically upregulated both in mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, higher SRGAP2 is significantly related to the clinical stages of HCC. Meanwhile, SRGAP2 might be an independent prognostic indicator, as it correlates negatively with the clinical outcomes of HCC patients. Further SRGAP2-silencing experiments imply that SRGAP2 might remarkably promote the migration and invasion of HCC cells in an EMT-independent pattern. Based on the high-throughput RNA sequencing of SRGAP2-knockdown HCC cells, enrichment and network analyses demonstrate that SRGAP2 is closely associated with cellular metabolic signaling. CONCLUSIONS Our study firstly illustrates the crucial role of SRGAP2 in the metastasis of HCC and explores its underlying molecular mechanisms. We identify SRGAP2 as a promising prognostic biomarker and a novel therapeutic target for HCC patients.
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70
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Fares J, Ulasov I, Timashev P, Lesniak MS. Emerging principles of brain immunology and immune checkpoint blockade in brain metastases. Brain 2021; 144:1046-1066. [PMID: 33893488 PMCID: PMC8105040 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases are the most common type of brain tumours, harbouring an immune microenvironment that can in principle be targeted via immunotherapy. Elucidating some of the immunological intricacies of brain metastases has opened a therapeutic window to explore the potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors in this globally lethal disease. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that tumour cells hijack the immune regulatory mechanisms in the brain for the benefit of their own survival and progression. Nonetheless, the role of the immune checkpoint in the complex interplays between cancers cells and T cells and in conferring resistance to therapy remains under investigation. Meanwhile, early phase trials with immune checkpoint inhibitors have reported clinical benefit in patients with brain metastases from melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer. In this review, we explore the workings of the immune system in the brain, the immunology of brain metastases, and the current status of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of brain metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawad Fares
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ilya Ulasov
- Group of Experimental Biotherapy and Diagnostics, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Peter Timashev
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Maciej S Lesniak
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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71
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Grace VMB, Saranya S, Wilson DD. Protective role of All Trans Retinoic Acid on B16F10 melanoma cell line metastasis in C57BL/6 mice by enhancing RAR- β protein and homeostasis maintenance. J Histotechnol 2021; 44:127-138. [PMID: 33947313 DOI: 10.1080/01478885.2021.1896291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cancer according to the World Health Organization (WHO), resulting in highest death rate worldwide due to the high level of metastasis. Hence, the drugs that protect from metastasis either as an adjuvant or a primary therapeutic agent may help to reduce the death rate. In this study, All Trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA) was tested for its action against metastatic lodging of B16F10 melanoma cells in the lung and liver of the C57BL/6 mouse model. Serum, lung and liver were evaluated biochemically for the cancer associated changes. Metastatic cancer development was confirmed by tumor nodule formation and histopathological analysis. RAR-β protein expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and histopathology. ATRA treated mice showed a percentage of inhibition on metastatic tumor growth in lung and liver and a corresponding protection against pathological changes in these organs. Cholesterol and γ-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) levels found in cancer induced mice were reduced in the ATRA treated group. As compared to the normal group, lung tissue from cell line induced cancer control group had less RAR-β protein expression while the ATRA treated group showed enhanced RAR-β protein expression. This indicates that the anti-metastasis effects of ATRA might have shown the induction of RAR-β expression and subsequent molecular signaling pathways to regulate the homeostasis of biochemical changes. This study demonstrated the capability of ATRA to prevent the establishment of metastasis by the melanoma cell line into the lung and liver of experimental mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Berlin Grace
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India
| | - S Saranya
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India
| | - D David Wilson
- School of Arts and Sciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India
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72
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Wang C, Luo D. The metabolic adaptation mechanism of metastatic organotropism. Exp Hematol Oncol 2021; 10:30. [PMID: 33926551 PMCID: PMC8082854 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-021-00223-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a complex multistep cascade of cancer cell extravasation and invasion, in which metabolism plays an important role. Recently, a metabolic adaptation mechanism of cancer metastasis has been proposed as an emerging model of the interaction between cancer cells and the host microenvironment, revealing a deep and extensive relationship between cancer metabolism and cancer metastasis. However, research on how the host microenvironment affects cancer metabolism is mostly limited to the impact of the local tumour microenvironment at the primary site. There are few studies on how differences between the primary and secondary microenvironments promote metabolic changes during cancer progression or how secondary microenvironments affect cancer cell metastasis preference. Hence, we discuss how cancer cells adapt to and colonize in the metabolic microenvironments of different metastatic sites to establish a metastatic organotropism phenotype. The mechanism is expected to accelerate the research of cancer metabolism in the secondary microenvironment, and provides theoretical support for the generation of innovative therapeutic targets for clinical metastatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Daya Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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Drew J, Machesky LM. The liver metastatic niche: modelling the extracellular matrix in metastasis. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:dmm048801. [PMID: 33973625 PMCID: PMC8077555 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.048801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Dissemination of malignant cells from primary tumours to metastatic sites is a key step in cancer progression. Disseminated tumour cells preferentially settle in specific target organs, and the success of such metastases depends on dynamic interactions between cancer cells and the microenvironments they encounter at secondary sites. Two emerging concepts concerning the biology of metastasis are that organ-specific microenvironments influence the fate of disseminated cancer cells, and that cancer cell-extracellular matrix interactions have important roles at all stages of the metastatic cascade. The extracellular matrix is the complex and dynamic non-cellular component of tissues that provides a physical scaffold and conveys essential adhesive and paracrine signals for a tissue's function. Here, we focus on how extracellular matrix dynamics contribute to liver metastases - a common and deadly event. We discuss how matrix components of the healthy and premetastatic liver support early seeding of disseminated cancer cells, and how the matrix derived from both cancer and liver contributes to the changes in niche composition as metastasis progresses. We also highlight the technical developments that are providing new insights into the stochastic, dynamic and multifaceted roles of the liver extracellular matrix in permitting and sustaining metastasis. An understanding of the contribution of the extracellular matrix to different stages of metastasis may well pave the way to targeted and effective therapies against metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Drew
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Laura M. Machesky
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
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74
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Sellner F, Thalhammer S, Klimpfinger M. Tumour Evolution and Seed and Soil Mechanism in Pancreatic Metastases of Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1342. [PMID: 33809634 PMCID: PMC8002056 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In metastatic renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic metastases can appear in two clinical manifestations: (a) very rarely as isolated pancreatic metastases and (b) in the context with multi-organ metastatic disease. Both courses are characterised by rare, unusual clinical features. For isolated pancreatic metastases, the literature shows no effect on survival in all 11 publications that examined the effect of singular versus multiple pancreatic metastases; a lack of effect on survival time was also present in all 8 studies on pancreatic metastases size, in 7 of 8 studies on the influence of disease-free interval (DFI), and in 6 of 7 studies on the influence of synchronous versus metachronous metastases. In multi-organ site metastases observations, on the other hand, all five available references showed significantly better results in patients with concurrent pancreatic metastases compared to those without pancreatic metastases, although the total number of affected organs in the pancreatic metastases cohort was larger. Tumour volume-dependent risk factors thus remain surprisingly ineffective in both groups, which contradicts the usual behaviour of solid tumours. The reasons for this unusual behaviour and possible relations to tumour evolution and the hypothesis of an influence of a seed and soil mechanism in the occurrence of pancreatic metastases in metastatic renal cell carcinoma are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Sellner
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Thalhammer
- Department of General-, Visceral- and Vascular Surgery, Clinic Favoriten—Kaiser Franz Josef Hospital, 1100 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Martin Klimpfinger
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
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75
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Cui L, Gouw AM, LaGory EL, Guo S, Attarwala N, Tang Y, Qi J, Chen YS, Gao Z, Casey KM, Bazhin AA, Chen M, Hu L, Xie J, Fang M, Zhang C, Zhu Q, Wang Z, Giaccia AJ, Gambhir SS, Zhu W, Felsher DW, Pegram MD, Goun EA, Le A, Rao J. Mitochondrial copper depletion suppresses triple-negative breast cancer in mice. Nat Biotechnol 2021; 39:357-367. [PMID: 33077961 PMCID: PMC7956242 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-020-0707-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Depletion of mitochondrial copper, which shifts metabolism from respiration to glycolysis and reduces energy production, is known to be effective against cancer types that depend on oxidative phosphorylation. However, existing copper chelators are too toxic or ineffective for cancer treatment. Here we develop a safe, mitochondria-targeted, copper-depleting nanoparticle (CDN) and test it against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We show that CDNs decrease oxygen consumption and oxidative phosphorylation, cause a metabolic switch to glycolysis and reduce ATP production in TNBC cells. This energy deficiency, together with compromised mitochondrial membrane potential and elevated oxidative stress, results in apoptosis. CDNs should be less toxic than existing copper chelators because they favorably deprive copper in the mitochondria in cancer cells instead of systemic depletion. Indeed, we demonstrate low toxicity of CDNs in healthy mice. In three mouse models of TNBC, CDN administration inhibits tumor growth and substantially improves survival. The efficacy and safety of CDNs suggest the potential clinical relevance of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Cui
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Arvin M Gouw
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Edward L LaGory
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shenghao Guo
- Departments of Pathology and Oncology, and ChemBE, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nabeel Attarwala
- Departments of Pathology and Oncology, and ChemBE, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ji Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Sheng Chen
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Zhou Gao
- Genetics Bioinformatics Service Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kerriann M Casey
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Arkadiy A Bazhin
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Leeann Hu
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jinghang Xie
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mingxi Fang
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Cissy Zhang
- Departments of Pathology and Oncology, and ChemBE, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Qihua Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Amato J Giaccia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sanjiv Sam Gambhir
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Weiping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Dean W Felsher
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mark D Pegram
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Elena A Goun
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne Le
- Departments of Pathology and Oncology, and ChemBE, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jianghong Rao
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Hua L, Lei T, Qian H, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Lei P. 3D-printed porous tantalum: recent application in various drug delivery systems to repair hard tissue defects. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2021; 18:625-634. [PMID: 33270470 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1860015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The treatment of hard tissue defects, especially those of bone and cartilage, induced by infections or tumors remains challenging. Traditional methods, including debridement with systematic chemotherapy, have shortcomings owing to their inability to eliminate infections and high systematic toxicity. AREA COVERED This review comprehensively summarizes and discusses the current applications of 3D-printed porous tantalum (3D-P-p-Ta), a novel drug delivery strategy, in drug delivery systems to repair hard tissue defects, as well as the limitations of existing data and potential future research directions. EXPERT OPINION Drug delivery systems have advanced medical treatments, with the advantages of high local drug concentration, long drug-release period, and minimal systematic toxicity. Due to its excellent biocompatibility, ideal mechanical property, and anti-corrosion ability, porous tantalum is one of the most preferable loading scaffolds. 3D printing allows for freedom of design and facilitates the production of regular porous implants with high repeatability. There are several reports on the application of 3D-P-p-Ta in drug delivery systems for the management of infection- or tumor-associated bone defects, yet, to the best of our knowledge, no reviews have summarized the current research progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Hua
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha Hunan, China.,Department of Orthopedics, No.6 Affiliated Hospital Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi Xinjiang, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha Hunan, China
| | - Hu Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha Hunan, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha Hunan, China
| | - Yihe Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha Hunan, China
| | - Pengfei Lei
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha Hunan, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Changsha, Hunan, China
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77
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Beck L, Harel M, Yu S, Markovits E, Boursi B, Markel G, Geiger T. Clinical Proteomics of Metastatic Melanoma Reveals Profiles of Organ Specificity and Treatment Resistance. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:2074-2086. [PMID: 33446566 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-3752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Treatment of metastatic melanoma has dramatically improved in recent years, thanks to the development of immunotherapy and BRAF-MEK-targeted therapies. However, these developments revealed marked heterogeneity in patient response, which is yet to be fully understood. In this work, we aimed to associate the proteomic profiles of metastatic melanoma with the patient clinical information, to identify protein correlates with metastatic location and prior treatments. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We performed mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis of 185 metastatic melanoma samples and followed with bioinformatics analysis to examine the association of metastatic location, BRAF status, survival, and immunotherapy response with the tumor molecular profiles. RESULTS Bioinformatics analysis showed a high degree of functional heterogeneity associated with the site of metastasis. Lung metastases presented higher immune-related proteins, and higher mitochondrial-related processes, which were shown previously to be associated with better immunotherapy response. In agreement, epidemiological analysis of data from the National Cancer Database showed improved response to anti-programmed death 1, mainly in patients with lung metastasis. Focus on lung metastases revealed prognostic and molecular heterogeneity and highlighted potential tissue-specific biomarkers. Analysis of the BRAF mutation status and prior treatments with MAPK inhibitors proposed the molecular basis of the effect on immunotherapy response and suggested coordinated combination of immunotherapy and targeted therapy may increase treatment efficacy. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, the proteomic data provided novel molecular determinants of critical clinical features, including the effects of sequential treatments and metastatic locations. These results can be the basis for development of site-specific treatments toward treatment personalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lir Beck
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Harel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shun Yu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ettai Markovits
- Ella Lemelbaum Institute of Immuno-Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ben Boursi
- Department of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gal Markel
- Ella Lemelbaum Institute of Immuno-Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Tamar Geiger
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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78
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Tandon M, Othman AH, Winogradzki M, Pratap J. Bone metastatic breast cancer cells display downregulation of PKC-ζ with enhanced glutamine metabolism. Gene 2021; 775:145419. [PMID: 33444686 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women and its metastases results in poor survival rates in patients. The ability to alter metabolism is a key attribute cancer cells use to survive within different metastatic microenvironments and cause organ failure. We hypothesized that evaluation of metabolic alterations within tumor cells could provide a better understanding of cancer metastasis. Therefore, to investigate underlying metabolic alterations during metastases, we utilized human MDA-MB-231 and mouse 4T1 models that closely mimic human breast cancer metastasis. METHODS The glycolysis and glutamine pathway-related changes were examined in bone metastatic cells by XF-24 extracellular flux analyzer and western blotting. The expression levels of genes related to metabolism were examined by PCR arrays. RESULTS The MDA-MB-231 cells isolated after bone metastases showed reduced glucose uptake and glycolysis compared to parental cells, suggesting that these cells could alter metabolic requirements for survival. To understand these metabolic changes, we investigated glutamine, a common and naturally occurring non-essential amino acid. Interestingly, in reduced glucose conditions both cell lines showed dependence on glutamine for cell survival, and with glutamine withdrawal significantly increasing apoptotic cell death. Glutamine was also critical for normal cell proliferation even in the presence of high glucose concentrations. To further understand this metabolic switch in metastatic cells, we examined the genes related to metabolism and identified a more than seven-fold downregulation of protein kinase C zeta (PKC-ζ) expression levels in bone-derived MDA-MB-231 cells compared to the parental population. The PKC-ζ levels were also significantly reduced in metastatic 4T1 cells compared to non-metastatic MT1A2 cells. Since PKC-ζ deficiency promotes glutamine utilization via the serine biosynthesis pathway, we examined glutamine metabolism. The ectopic expression of PKC-ζ inhibited glutamine conversion to glutamate, while mutant PKC-ζ reversed this effect. Furthermore, the gene expression levels of enzymes involved in serine biosynthesis, phosphoserine phosphatase (PSPH), phosphoserine aminotransferase (PSAT1), and phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) showed upregulation following glucose deprivation with PKC-ζ deficiency. The PHGDH upregulation was inhibited by ectopically expressing wild type but not mutated PKC-ζ in glucose-deprived conditions. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the upregulation of serine biosynthesis pathway genes and downregulation of PKC-ζ as potential metabolic alterations for bone metastatic breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Tandon
- Suite 507, Armour Academic Building, Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Ahmad H Othman
- Suite 507, Armour Academic Building, Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Marcus Winogradzki
- Suite 507, Armour Academic Building, Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Jitesh Pratap
- Suite 507, Armour Academic Building, Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
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79
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Ohshima K, Morii E. Metabolic Reprogramming of Cancer Cells during Tumor Progression and Metastasis. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11010028. [PMID: 33401771 PMCID: PMC7824065 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells face various metabolic challenges during tumor progression, including growth in the nutrient-altered and oxygen-deficient microenvironment of the primary site, intravasation into vessels where anchorage-independent growth is required, and colonization of distant organs where the environment is distinct from that of the primary site. Thus, cancer cells must reprogram their metabolic state in every step of cancer progression. Metabolic reprogramming is now recognized as a hallmark of cancer cells and supports cancer growth. Elucidating the underlying mechanisms of metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells may help identifying cancer targets and treatment strategies. This review summarizes our current understanding of metabolic reprogramming during cancer progression and metastasis, including cancer cell adaptation to the tumor microenvironment, defense against oxidative stress during anchorage-independent growth in vessels, and metabolic reprogramming during metastasis.
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80
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Nimmakayala RK, Leon F, Rachagani S, Rauth S, Nallasamy P, Marimuthu S, Shailendra GK, Chhonker YS, Chugh S, Chirravuri R, Gupta R, Mallya K, Prajapati DR, Lele SM, C Caffrey T, L Grem J, Grandgenett PM, Hollingsworth MA, Murry DJ, Batra SK, Ponnusamy MP. Metabolic programming of distinct cancer stem cells promotes metastasis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oncogene 2021; 40:215-231. [PMID: 33110235 PMCID: PMC10041665 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01518-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) metastasizes to distant organs, which is the primary cause of mortality; however, specific features mediating organ-specific metastasis remain unexplored. Emerging evidence demonstrates that cancer stem cells (CSCs) and cellular metabolism play a pivotal role in metastasis. Here we investigated the role of distinct subtypes of pancreatic CSCs and their metabolomic signatures in organ-specific metastatic colonization. We found that PDAC consists of ALDH+/CD133+ and drug-resistant (MDR1+) subtypes of CSCs with specific metabolic and stemness signatures. Human PDAC tissues with gemcitabine treatment, autochthonous mouse tumors from KrasG12D; Pdx1-Cre (KC) and KrasG12D; Trp53R172H; Pdx-1 Cre (KPC) mice, and KPC- Liver/Lung metastatic cells were used to evaluate the CSC, EMT (epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition), and metabolic profiles. A strong association was observed between distinct CSC subtypes and organ-specific colonization. The liver metastasis showed drug-resistant CSC- and EMT-like phenotype with aerobic glycolysis and fatty acid β-oxidation-mediated oxidative (glyco-oxidative) metabolism. On the contrary, lung metastasis displayed ALDH+/CD133+ and MET-like phenotype with oxidative metabolism. These results were obtained by evaluating FACS-based side population (SP), autofluorescence (AF+) and Alde-red assays for CSCs, and Seahorse-based oxygen consumption rate (OCR), extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), and fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO)-mediated OCR assays for metabolic features along with specific gene signatures. Further, we developed in vitro human liver and lung PDAC metastasis models by using a combination of liver or lung decellularized scaffolds, a co-culture, and a sphere culture methods. PDAC cells grown in the liver-mimicking model showed the enrichment of MDR1+ and CPT1A+ populations, whereas the PDAC cells grown in the lung-mimicking environment showed the enrichment of ALDH+/CD133+ populations. In addition, we observed significantly elevated expression of ALDH1 in lung metastasis and MDR1/LDH-A expression in liver metastasis compared to human primary PDAC tumors. Our studies elucidate that distinct CSCs adapt unique metabolic signatures for organotropic metastasis, which will pave the way for the development of targeted therapy for PDAC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Krishna Nimmakayala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Frank Leon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Sanchita Rauth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Palanisamy Nallasamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Saravanakumar Marimuthu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Gautam K Shailendra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Yashpal S Chhonker
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986145 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6145, USA
| | - Seema Chugh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Ramakanth Chirravuri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Rohitesh Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Kavita Mallya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Dipakkumar R Prajapati
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Subodh M Lele
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Thomas C Caffrey
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jean L Grem
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Paul M Grandgenett
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Michael A Hollingsworth
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Daryl J Murry
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986145 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6145, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA. .,Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Moorthy P Ponnusamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA. .,Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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81
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Elia I, Haigis MC. Metabolites and the tumour microenvironment: from cellular mechanisms to systemic metabolism. Nat Metab 2021; 3:21-32. [PMID: 33398194 PMCID: PMC8097259 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-00317-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic transformation is a hallmark of cancer and a critical target for cancer therapy. Cancer metabolism and behaviour are regulated by cell-intrinsic factors as well as metabolite availability in the tumour microenvironment (TME). This metabolic niche within the TME is shaped by four tiers of regulation: (1) intrinsic tumour cell metabolism, (2) interactions between cancer cells and non-cancerous cells, (3) tumour location and heterogeneity and (4) whole-body metabolic homeostasis. Here, we define these modes of metabolic regulation and review how distinct cell types contribute to the metabolite composition of the TME. Finally, we connect these insights to understand how each of these tiers offers unique therapeutic potential to modulate the metabolic profile and function of all cells inhabiting the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Elia
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ludwig Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marcia C Haigis
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Ludwig Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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82
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Clézardin P, Coleman R, Puppo M, Ottewell P, Bonnelye E, Paycha F, Confavreux CB, Holen I. Bone metastasis: mechanisms, therapies, and biomarkers. Physiol Rev 2020; 101:797-855. [PMID: 33356915 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00012.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal metastases are frequent complications of many cancers, causing bone complications (fractures, bone pain, disability) that negatively affect the patient's quality of life. Here, we first discuss the burden of skeletal complications in cancer bone metastasis. We then describe the pathophysiology of bone metastasis. Bone metastasis is a multistage process: long before the development of clinically detectable metastases, circulating tumor cells settle and enter a dormant state in normal vascular and endosteal niches present in the bone marrow, which provide immediate attachment and shelter, and only become active years later as they proliferate and alter the functions of bone-resorbing (osteoclasts) and bone-forming (osteoblasts) cells, promoting skeletal destruction. The molecular mechanisms involved in mediating each of these steps are described, and we also explain how tumor cells interact with a myriad of interconnected cell populations in the bone marrow, including a rich vascular network, immune cells, adipocytes, and nerves. We discuss metabolic programs that tumor cells could engage with to specifically grow in bone. We also describe the progress and future directions of existing bone-targeted agents and report emerging therapies that have arisen from recent advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of bone metastases. Finally, we discuss the value of bone turnover biomarkers in detection and monitoring of progression and therapeutic effects in patients with bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Clézardin
- INSERM, Research Unit UMR_S1033, LyOS, Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Est, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Rob Coleman
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Margherita Puppo
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Penelope Ottewell
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Edith Bonnelye
- INSERM, Research Unit UMR_S1033, LyOS, Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Est, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Frédéric Paycha
- Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Cyrille B Confavreux
- INSERM, Research Unit UMR_S1033, LyOS, Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Est, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Service de Rhumatologie Sud, CEMOS-Centre Expert des Métastases Osseuses, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Ingunn Holen
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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83
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Rinaldi G, Pranzini E, Van Elsen J, Broekaert D, Funk CM, Planque M, Doglioni G, Altea-Manzano P, Rossi M, Geldhof V, Teoh ST, Ross C, Hunter KW, Lunt SY, Grünewald TGP, Fendt SM. In Vivo Evidence for Serine Biosynthesis-Defined Sensitivity of Lung Metastasis, but Not of Primary Breast Tumors, to mTORC1 Inhibition. Mol Cell 2020; 81:386-397.e7. [PMID: 33340488 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In tumors, nutrient availability and metabolism are known to be important modulators of growth signaling. However, it remains elusive whether cancer cells that are growing out in the metastatic niche rely on the same nutrients and metabolic pathways to activate growth signaling as cancer cells within the primary tumor. We discovered that breast-cancer-derived lung metastases, but not the corresponding primary breast tumors, use the serine biosynthesis pathway to support mTORC1 growth signaling. Mechanistically, pyruvate uptake through Mct2 supported mTORC1 signaling by fueling serine biosynthesis-derived α-ketoglutarate production in breast-cancer-derived lung metastases. Consequently, expression of the serine biosynthesis enzyme PHGDH was required for sensitivity to the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin in breast-cancer-derived lung tumors, but not in primary breast tumors. In summary, we provide in vivo evidence that the metabolic and nutrient requirements to activate growth signaling differ between the lung metastatic niche and the primary breast cancer site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianmarco Rinaldi
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erica Pranzini
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Joke Van Elsen
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dorien Broekaert
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cornelius M Funk
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Thalkirchner Strasse 36, 80337 Munich, Germany; Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Translational Pediatric Sarcoma Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mélanie Planque
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ginevra Doglioni
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patricia Altea-Manzano
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matteo Rossi
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vincent Geldhof
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Shao Thing Teoh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Christina Ross
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kent W Hunter
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sophia Y Lunt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Thomas G P Grünewald
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Thalkirchner Strasse 36, 80337 Munich, Germany; Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Translational Pediatric Sarcoma Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sarah-Maria Fendt
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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84
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Lipid Regulatory Proteins as Potential Therapeutic Targets for Ovarian Cancer in Obese Women. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113469. [PMID: 33233362 PMCID: PMC7700662 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become a recognized global epidemic that is associated with numerous comorbidities including type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and cancer incidence and progression. Ovarian cancer (OvCa) has a unique mechanism of intra-peritoneal metastasis, already present in 80% of women at the time of diagnosis, making it the fifth leading cause of death from gynecological malignancy. Meta-analyses showed that obesity increases the risk of OvCa progression, leads to enhanced overall and organ-specific tumor burden, and adversely effects survival of women with OvCa. Recent data discovered that tumors grown in mice fed on a western diet (40% fat) have elevated lipid levels and a highly increased expression level of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1). SREBP1 is a master transcription factor that regulates de novo lipogenesis and lipid homeostasis, and induces lipogenic reprogramming of tumor cells. Elevated SREBP1 levels are linked to cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. This review will summarize recent findings to provide a current understanding of lipid regulatory proteins in the ovarian tumor microenvironment with emphasis on SREBP1 expression in the obese host, the role of SREBP1 in cancer progression and metastasis, and potential therapeutic targeting of SREBPs and SREBP-pathway genes in treating cancers, particularly in the context of host obesity.
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85
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Chavez-Dominguez R, Perez-Medina M, Lopez-Gonzalez JS, Galicia-Velasco M, Aguilar-Cazares D. The Double-Edge Sword of Autophagy in Cancer: From Tumor Suppression to Pro-tumor Activity. Front Oncol 2020; 10:578418. [PMID: 33117715 PMCID: PMC7575731 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.578418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
During tumorigenesis, cancer cells are exposed to a wide variety of intrinsic and extrinsic stresses that challenge homeostasis and growth. Cancer cells display activation of distinct mechanisms for adaptation and growth even in the presence of stress. Autophagy is a catabolic mechanism that aides in the degradation of damaged intracellular material and metabolite recycling. This activity helps meet metabolic needs during nutrient deprivation, genotoxic stress, growth factor withdrawal and hypoxia. However, autophagy plays a paradoxical role in tumorigenesis, depending on the stage of tumor development. Early in tumorigenesis, autophagy is a tumor suppressor via degradation of potentially oncogenic molecules. However, in advanced stages, autophagy promotes the survival of tumor cells by ameliorating stress in the microenvironment. These roles of autophagy are intricate due to their interconnection with other distinct cellular pathways. In this review, we present a broad view of the participation of autophagy in distinct phases of tumor development. Moreover, autophagy participation in important cellular processes such as cell death, metabolic reprogramming, metastasis, immune evasion and treatment resistance that all contribute to tumor development, is reviewed. Finally, the contribution of the hypoxic and nutrient deficient tumor microenvironment in regulation of autophagy and these hallmarks for the development of more aggressive tumors is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Chavez-Dominguez
- Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.,Posgrado en Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mario Perez-Medina
- Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Quimioterapia Experimental, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jose S Lopez-Gonzalez
- Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miriam Galicia-Velasco
- Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dolores Aguilar-Cazares
- Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
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86
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Wang H, Zhang W, Bado I, Zhang XHF. Bone Tropism in Cancer Metastases. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2020; 10:cshperspect.a036848. [PMID: 31615871 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a036848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Bone is a frequent site of metastases in many cancers. Both bone properties and the tumor-intrinsic traits are associated with the metastatic propensity to bone (i.e., the bone tropism). Whereas an increasing body of mechanistic studies expanded our understanding on bone tropism, they also revealed complexity across the bone lesions originated from different cancer types. In this review, we will discuss the physical, chemical, and biological properties of bone microenvironment, identify potential players in every stage of bone metastases, and introduce some of the known mechanisms regulating the bone colonization. Our objectives are to integrate the knowledge established in different biological contexts and highlight the determinants of bone tropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Wang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Igor Bado
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Xiang H-F Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,McNair Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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87
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Lung mesenchymal cells elicit lipid storage in neutrophils that fuel breast cancer lung metastasis. Nat Immunol 2020; 21:1444-1455. [PMID: 32958928 PMCID: PMC7584447 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-0783-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Acquisition of a lipid-laden phenotype by immune cells has been defined in infectious diseases and atherosclerosis, but remains largely uncharacterized in cancer. Here, in breast cancer models we found that neutrophils are induced to accumulate neutral lipids upon interaction with resident mesenchymal cells (MCs) in the pre-metastatic lung. Lung MCs elicit this process through repressing the adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) activity in neutrophils in prostaglandin E2-dependent and -independent manners. In vivo, neutrophil-specific deletion of genes encoding ATGL or ATGL inhibitory factors altered neutrophil lipid profiles and breast tumor lung metastasis in mice. Mechanistically, lipids stored in lung neutrophils are transported to metastatic tumor cells through a macropinocytosis-lysosome pathway, endowing the tumor cells with augmented survival and proliferative capacities. Pharmacological inhibition of macropinocytosis significantly reduced metastatic colonization by breast tumor cells in vivo. Collectively, our work reveals that neutrophils serve as an energy reservoir to fuel breast cancer lung metastasis.
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88
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Benzarti M, Delbrouck C, Neises L, Kiweler N, Meiser J. Metabolic Potential of Cancer Cells in Context of the Metastatic Cascade. Cells 2020; 9:E2035. [PMID: 32899554 PMCID: PMC7563895 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The metastatic cascade is a highly plastic and dynamic process dominated by cellular heterogeneity and varying metabolic requirements. During this cascade, the three major metabolic pillars, namely biosynthesis, RedOx balance, and bioenergetics, have variable importance. Biosynthesis has superior significance during the proliferation-dominated steps of primary tumour growth and secondary macrometastasis formation and only minor relevance during the growth-independent processes of invasion and dissemination. Consequently, RedOx homeostasis and bioenergetics emerge as conceivable metabolic key determinants in cancer cells that disseminate from the primary tumour. Within this review, we summarise our current understanding on how cancer cells adjust their metabolism in the context of different microenvironments along the metastatic cascade. With the example of one-carbon metabolism, we establish a conceptual view on how the same metabolic pathway can be exploited in different ways depending on the current cellular needs during metastatic progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohaned Benzarti
- Cancer Metabolism Group, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg; (M.B.); (C.D.); (L.N.); (N.K.)
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 2 Avenue de l’Université, L-4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Catherine Delbrouck
- Cancer Metabolism Group, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg; (M.B.); (C.D.); (L.N.); (N.K.)
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 2 Avenue de l’Université, L-4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Laura Neises
- Cancer Metabolism Group, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg; (M.B.); (C.D.); (L.N.); (N.K.)
| | - Nicole Kiweler
- Cancer Metabolism Group, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg; (M.B.); (C.D.); (L.N.); (N.K.)
| | - Johannes Meiser
- Cancer Metabolism Group, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg; (M.B.); (C.D.); (L.N.); (N.K.)
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89
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Ngo B, Kim E, Osorio-Vasquez V, Doll S, Bustraan S, Liang RJ, Luengo A, Davidson SM, Ali A, Ferraro GB, Fischer GM, Eskandari R, Kang DS, Ni J, Plasger A, Rajasekhar VK, Kastenhuber ER, Bacha S, Sriram RK, Stein BD, Bakhoum SF, Snuderl M, Cotzia P, Healey JH, Mainolfi N, Suri V, Friedman A, Manfredi M, Sabatini DM, Jones DR, Yu M, Zhao JJ, Jain RK, Keshari KR, Davies MA, Vander Heiden MG, Hernando E, Mann M, Cantley LC, Pacold ME. Limited Environmental Serine and Glycine Confer Brain Metastasis Sensitivity to PHGDH Inhibition. Cancer Discov 2020; 10:1352-1373. [PMID: 32571778 PMCID: PMC7483776 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-19-1228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A hallmark of metastasis is the adaptation of tumor cells to new environments. Metabolic constraints imposed by the serine and glycine-limited brain environment restrict metastatic tumor growth. How brain metastases overcome these growth-prohibitive conditions is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), which catalyzes the rate-limiting step of glucose-derived serine synthesis, is a major determinant of brain metastasis in multiple human cancer types and preclinical models. Enhanced serine synthesis proved important for nucleotide production and cell proliferation in highly aggressive brain metastatic cells. In vivo, genetic suppression and pharmacologic inhibition of PHGDH attenuated brain metastasis, but not extracranial tumor growth, and improved overall survival in mice. These results reveal that extracellular amino acid availability determines serine synthesis pathway dependence, and suggest that PHGDH inhibitors may be useful in the treatment of brain metastasis. SIGNIFICANCE: Using proteomics, metabolomics, and multiple brain metastasis models, we demonstrate that the nutrient-limited environment of the brain potentiates brain metastasis susceptibility to serine synthesis inhibition. These findings underscore the importance of studying cancer metabolism in physiologically relevant contexts, and provide a rationale for using PHGDH inhibitors to treat brain metastasis.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1241.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Ngo
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Eugenie Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perlmutter Cancer Center and NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Victoria Osorio-Vasquez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perlmutter Cancer Center and NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Sophia Doll
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sophia Bustraan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perlmutter Cancer Center and NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Roger J Liang
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Alba Luengo
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Shawn M Davidson
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Ahmed Ali
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Gino B Ferraro
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Grant M Fischer
- Departments of Translational Molecular Pathology, Melanoma Medical Oncology, Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Roozbeh Eskandari
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Diane S Kang
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jing Ni
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ariana Plasger
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Edward R Kastenhuber
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Sarah Bacha
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Roshan K Sriram
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Benjamin D Stein
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Samuel F Bakhoum
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Matija Snuderl
- Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Paolo Cotzia
- Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - John H Healey
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Vipin Suri
- Raze Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - David M Sabatini
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Drew R Jones
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perlmutter Cancer Center and NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
- Metabolomics Core Resource Laboratory, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Min Yu
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jean J Zhao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Rakesh K Jain
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kayvan R Keshari
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael A Davies
- Departments of Translational Molecular Pathology, Melanoma Medical Oncology, Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Eva Hernando
- Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, NNF Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.
| | - Michael E Pacold
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perlmutter Cancer Center and NYU Langone Health, New York, New York.
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90
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Wei Q, Qian Y, Yu J, Wong CC. Metabolic rewiring in the promotion of cancer metastasis: mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Oncogene 2020; 39:6139-6156. [PMID: 32839493 PMCID: PMC7515827 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01432-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is the major cause of mortality from cancer. Metabolic rewiring and the metastatic cascade are highly intertwined, co-operating to promote multiple steps of cancer metastasis. Metabolites generated by cancer cells influence the metastatic cascade, encompassing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), survival of cancer cells in circulation, and metastatic colonization at distant sites. A variety of molecular mechanisms underlie the prometastatic effect of tumor-derived metabolites, such as epigenetic deregulation, induction of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), promotion of cancer stemness, and alleviation of oxidative stress. Conversely, metastatic signaling regulates expression and activity of rate-limiting metabolic enzymes to generate prometastatic metabolites thereby reinforcing the metastasis cascade. Understanding the complex interplay between metabolism and metastasis could unravel novel molecular targets, whose intervention could lead to improvements in the treatment of cancer. In this review, we summarized the recent discoveries involving metabolism and tumor metastasis, and emphasized the promising molecular targets, with an update on the development of small molecule or biologic inhibitors against these aberrant situations in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyao Wei
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yun Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Chun Wong
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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91
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Lin S, Taylor MD, Singh PK, Yang S. How does fascin promote cancer metastasis? FEBS J 2020; 288:1434-1446. [PMID: 32657526 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fascin is an F-actin-bundling protein that cross-links individual actin filaments into straight and stiff bundles. Fascin overexpression in cancer is strongly associated with poor prognosis and metastatic progression across different cancer types. It is well established that fascin plays a causative role in promoting metastatic progression. We will review the recent progress in our understanding of mechanisms underlying fascin-mediated cancer metastasis. This review will cover the biochemical basis for fascin-bundling activity, the mechanisms by which cancer cells upregulate fascin expression and the mechanism underlying fascin-mediated cancer cell migration, invasion, and metastatic colonization. We propose that fascin has broad roles in both metastatic dissemination and metastatic colonization. Understanding these mechanisms will be crucial to the development of anti-metastasis therapeutics targeting fascin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchen Lin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Matthew D Taylor
- Department of Surgery, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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92
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Li F, Simon MC. Cancer Cells Don't Live Alone: Metabolic Communication within Tumor Microenvironments. Dev Cell 2020; 54:183-195. [PMID: 32640203 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Solid tumors reside in harsh tumor microenvironments (TMEs) together with various stromal cell types. During tumor progression and metastasis, both tumor and stromal cells undergo rapid metabolic adaptations. Tumor cells metabolically coordinate or compete with their "neighbors" to maintain biosynthetic and bioenergetic demands while escaping immunosurveillance or therapeutic interventions. Here, we provide an update on metabolic communication between tumor cells and heterogeneous stromal components in primary and metastatic TMEs and discuss emerging strategies to target metabolic communications for improved cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuming Li
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - M Celeste Simon
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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93
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus D Goncalves
- Division of Endocrinology, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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94
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Zhang Z, Cheng X, Zhao Y, Yang Y. Lighting Up Live-Cell and In Vivo Central Carbon Metabolism with Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Sensors. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2020; 13:293-314. [PMID: 32119572 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-091619-091306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As the core component of cell metabolism, central carbon metabolism, consisting of glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle converts nutrients into metabolic precursors for biomass and energy to sustain the life of virtually all extant species. The metabolite levels or distributions in central carbon metabolism often change dynamically with cell fates, development, and disease progression. However, traditional biochemical methods require cell lysis, making it challenging to obtain spatiotemporal information about metabolites in living cells and in vivo. Genetically encoded fluorescent sensors allow the rapid, sensitive, specific, and real-time readout of metabolite dynamics in living organisms, thereby offering the potential to fill the gap in current techniques. In this review, we introduce recent progress made in the development of genetically encoded fluorescent sensors for central carbon metabolism and discuss their advantages, disadvantages, and applications. Moreover, several future directions of metabolite sensors are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Zhang
- Optogenetics and Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, Research Unit of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; ,
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiawei Cheng
- Optogenetics and Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, Research Unit of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; ,
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yuzheng Zhao
- Optogenetics and Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, Research Unit of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; ,
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Optogenetics and Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, Research Unit of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; ,
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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95
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Yamaguchi H, Taouk GM. A Potential Role of YAP/TAZ in the Interplay Between Metastasis and Metabolic Alterations. Front Oncol 2020; 10:928. [PMID: 32596154 PMCID: PMC7300268 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) and Transcriptional Co-activator with PDZ-binding Motif (TAZ) are the downstream effectors of the Hippo signaling pathway that play a crucial role in various aspects of cancer progression including metastasis. Metastasis is the multistep process of disseminating cancer cells in a body and responsible for the majority of cancer-related death. Emerging evidence has shown that cancer cells reprogram their metabolism to gain proliferation, invasion, migration, and anti-apoptotic abilities and adapt to various environment during metastasis. Moreover, it has increasingly been recognized that YAP/TAZ regulates cellular metabolism that is associated with the phenotypic changes, and recent studies suggest that the YAP/TAZ-mediated metabolic alterations contribute to metastasis. In this review, we will introduce the latest knowledge of YAP/TAZ regulation and function in cancer metastasis and metabolism, and discuss possible links between the YAP/TAZ-mediated metabolic reprogramming and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohito Yamaguchi
- Cancer Research Center, College of Health and Life Sciences, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
| | - Ghina M Taouk
- Cancer Research Center, College of Health and Life Sciences, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
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96
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Muñoz-Galván S, Carnero A. Targeting Cancer Stem Cells to Overcome Therapy Resistance in Ovarian Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061402. [PMID: 32512891 PMCID: PMC7349391 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy due to its late detection and high recurrence rate. Resistance to conventional platinum-based therapies and metastasis are attributed to a population of cells within tumors called cancer stem cells, which possess stem-like features and are able to recapitulate new tumors. Recent studies have deepened the understanding of the biology of ovarian cancer stem cells and their special properties and have identified multiple markers and signaling pathways responsible for their self-renewal abilities. Targeting cancer stem cells represents the most promising strategy for overcoming therapy resistance and reducing mortality in ovarian cancer, but further efforts must be made to improve our understanding of the mechanisms involved in therapy resistance. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge about ovarian cancer stem cells, their involvement in metastasis and their interactions with the tumor microenvironment; we also discuss the therapeutic approaches that are being developed to target them to prevent tumor relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Muñoz-Galván
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.M.-G.); (A.C.); Tel.: +34-955-923-115 (S.M.-G); +34-955-923-110 (A.C.)
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.M.-G.); (A.C.); Tel.: +34-955-923-115 (S.M.-G); +34-955-923-110 (A.C.)
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97
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Li Z, Sun X. Non-Coding RNAs Operate in the Crosstalk Between Cancer Metabolic Reprogramming and Metastasis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:810. [PMID: 32547948 PMCID: PMC7273922 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis, the spread of cancer cells from a primary tumor to a secondary site, represents one of the hallmarks of malignancies and the leading cause of cancer-related death. The process of metastasis is a result of the interaction of genetic heterogeneity, abnormal metabolism, and tumor microenvironments. On the other hand, metabolic reprogramming, another malignancy hallmark, refers to the ability of cancer cells to alter metabolic and nutrient acquisition modes in order to support the energy demands for accomplishing the rapid growth, dissemination, and colonization. Cancer cells remodel metabolic patterns to supplement nutrients for their metastasis and also undergo metabolic adjustments at different stages of metastasis. Genes and signaling pathways involved in tumor metabolic reprogramming crosstalk with those participating in metastasis. Non-coding RNAs are a group of RNA molecules that do not code proteins but have pivotal biological functions. Some of microRNAs and lncRNAs, which are the two most extensively studied non-coding RNAs, have been identified to participate in regulating metabolic remodeling of glucose, lipid, glutamine, oxidative phosphorylation, and mitochondrial respiration, as well as the process of metastasis involving cell motility, transit in the circulation and growth at a new site. This article reviews recent progress on non-coding RNAs operating in the crosstalk between tumor metabolic reprogramming and metastasis, particularly those influencing metastasis through regulating metabolism, and the underlying mechanisms of how they exert their regulatory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Li
- The Hepatosplenic Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xueying Sun
- The Hepatosplenic Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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98
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Low V, Blenis J, Gomes AP. Targeting the premetastatic niche: epigenetic therapies in the spotlight. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:68. [PMID: 32390001 PMCID: PMC7211564 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0165-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vivien Low
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - John Blenis
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ana P Gomes
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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99
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Kaigorodova EV, Fedulova NV, Ochirov MO, Dyakov DA, Molchanov SV, Chasovskikh NY. Dissimilar tumor cell populations in ascitic fluid of ovarian cancer patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.20538/1682-0363-2020-1-50-58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. V. Kaigorodova
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center (NRMC) of the Russian Academy of Sciences;
Siberian State Medical University (SSMU)
| | | | - M. O. Ochirov
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center (NRMC) of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | | | - S. V. Molchanov
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center (NRMC) of the Russian Academy of Sciences
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100
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Li T, Li Z, Wan H, Tang X, Wang H, Chai F, Zhang M, Wang B. Recurrence-Associated Long Non-coding RNA LNAPPCC Facilitates Colon Cancer Progression via Forming a Positive Feedback Loop with PCDH7. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 20:545-557. [PMID: 32330872 PMCID: PMC7178008 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) gradually show critical regulatory roles in many malignancies. However, the lncRNAs implicated in colon cancer recurrence are largely unknown. In this study, we searched the lncRNAs associated with metastasis and recurrence of colon cancer using GEO datasets. We focused on a novel lncRNA long non-coding RNA associated with poor prognosis of colon cancer (LNAPPCC), which is highly expressed in colon cancer. Increased expression of LNAPPCC is positively associated with metastasis, recurrence, and poor survival of colon cancer patients. LNAPPCC promotes colon cancer cell proliferation, migration, and in vivo xenograft growth and liver metastasis. Mechanistic investigations revealed that LNAPPCC binds EZH2, represses the binding of EZH2 to PCDH7 promoter, downregulates histone H3K27me3 level in PCDH7 promoter, and activates PCDH7 expression. Intriguingly, we also found that PCDH7 activates ERK/c-FOS signaling, increases the binding of c-FOS to LNAPPCC promoter, and activates LNAPPCC expression. Therefore, LNAPPCC and PCDH7 form a positive regulatory loop via EZH2 and ERK/c-FOS. The positive correlations between the expression of LNAPPCC, PCDH7, phosphorylated ERK, and phosphorylated c-FOS are detected in colon cancer tissues. Furthermore, depletion of PCDH7 or the adding of ERK inhibitor abolished the oncogenic roles of LNAPPCC in colon cancer. In summary, this study identified a novel lncRNA LNAPPCC that is highly expressed in colon cancer and associated with poor prognosis of colon cancer patients. LNAPPCC exerts oncogenic roles in colon cancer via forming a positive feedback loop with PCDH7. Targeting LNAPPCC/EZH2/PCDH7/ERK/c-FOS signaling axis represents a potential therapeutic strategy for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanya People's Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sanya People's Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Hongxing Wan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sanya People's Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Xifeng Tang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sanya People's Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Pathology, Sanya People's Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Fang Chai
- Department of Pharmacy, Sanya People's Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Sanya People's Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Baochun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital to Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China.
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