51
|
Asfaha TY, Gunaratne GS, Johns ME, Marchant JS, Walseth TF, Slama JT. The synthesis and characterization of a clickable-photoactive NAADP analog active in human cells. Cell Calcium 2019; 83:102060. [PMID: 31442840 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2019.102060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) is a potent Ca2+ mobilizing second messenger which triggers Ca2+ release in both sea urchin egg homogenates and in mammalian cells. The NAADP binding protein has not been identified and the regulation of NAADP mediated Ca2+ release remains controversial. To address this issue, we have synthesized an NAADP analog in which 3-azido-5-azidomethylbenzoic acid is attached to the amino group of 5-(3-aminopropyl)-NAADP to produce an NAADP analog which is both a photoaffinity label and clickable. This 'all-in-one-clickable' NAADP (AIOC-NAADP) elicited Ca2+ release when microinjected into cultured human SKBR3 cells at low concentrations. In contrast, it displayed little activity in sea urchin egg homogenates where very high concentrations were required to elicit Ca2+ release. In mammalian cell homogenates, incubation with low concentrations of [32P]AIOC-NAADP followed by irradiation with UV light resulted in labeling 23 kDa protein(s). Competition between [32P]AIOC-NAADP and increasing concentrations of NAADP demonstrated that the labeling was selective. We show that this label recognizes and selectively photodervatizes the 23 kDa NAADP binding protein(s) in cultured human cells identified in previous studies using [32P]5-N3-NAADP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timnit Yosef Asfaha
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH, 43614, United States
| | - Gihan S Gunaratne
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 312 Church St., Minneapolis, MN, 55455-0217, United States
| | - Malcolm E Johns
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 312 Church St., Minneapolis, MN, 55455-0217, United States
| | - Jonathan S Marchant
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology & Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226-0509, United States
| | - Timothy F Walseth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 312 Church St., Minneapolis, MN, 55455-0217, United States.
| | - James T Slama
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH, 43614, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Arachidonic Acid Evokes an Increase in Intracellular Ca 2+ Concentration and Nitric Oxide Production in Endothelial Cells from Human Brain Microcirculation. Cells 2019; 8:cells8070689. [PMID: 31323976 PMCID: PMC6678502 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It has long been known that the conditionally essential polyunsaturated arachidonic acid (AA) regulates cerebral blood flow (CBF) through its metabolites prostaglandin E2 and epoxyeicosatrienoic acid, which act on vascular smooth muscle cells and pericytes to vasorelax cerebral microvessels. However, AA may also elicit endothelial nitric oxide (NO) release through an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). Herein, we adopted Ca2+ and NO imaging, combined with immunoblotting, to assess whether AA induces intracellular Ca2+ signals and NO release in the human brain microvascular endothelial cell line hCMEC/D3. AA caused a dose-dependent increase in [Ca2+]i that was mimicked by the not-metabolizable analogue, eicosatetraynoic acid. The Ca2+ response to AA was patterned by endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release through type 3 inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors, lysosomal Ca2+ mobilization through two-pore channels 1 and 2 (TPC1-2), and extracellular Ca2+ influx through transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4). In addition, AA-evoked Ca2+ signals resulted in robust NO release, but this signal was considerably delayed as compared to the accompanying Ca2+ wave and was essentially mediated by TPC1-2 and TRPV4. Overall, these data provide the first evidence that AA elicits Ca2+-dependent NO release from a human cerebrovascular endothelial cell line, but they seemingly rule out the possibility that this NO signal could acutely modulate neurovascular coupling.
Collapse
|
53
|
Di Mattia T, Tomasetto C, Alpy F. Faraway, so close! Functions of Endoplasmic reticulum-Endosome contacts. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1865:158490. [PMID: 31252175 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells are partitioned into functionally distinct organelles. Long considered as independent units in the cytosol, organelles are actually in constant and direct interaction with each other, mostly through the establishment of physical connections named membrane contact sites. Membrane contact sites constitute specific active regions involved in organelle dynamics, inter-organelle exchanges and communications. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which spreads throughout the cytosol, forms an extensive network that has many connections with the other organelles of the cell. Ample connections between the ER and endocytic organelles are observed in many cell types, highlighting their prominent physiological roles. Even though morphologically similar - a contact is a contact -, the identity of ER-Endosome contacts is defined by their specific molecular composition, which in turn determines the function of the contact. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms of ER-Endosome contact site formation and their associated cellular functions. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Endoplasmic reticulum platforms for lipid dynamics edited by Shamshad Cockcroft and Christopher Stefan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Di Mattia
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1258, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7104, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Catherine Tomasetto
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1258, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7104, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.
| | - Fabien Alpy
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1258, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7104, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Padamsey Z, Foster WJ, Emptage NJ. Intracellular Ca 2+ Release and Synaptic Plasticity: A Tale of Many Stores. Neuroscientist 2019; 25:208-226. [PMID: 30014771 DOI: 10.1177/1073858418785334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ is an essential trigger for most forms of synaptic plasticity. Ca2+ signaling occurs not only by Ca2+ entry via plasma membrane channels but also via Ca2+ signals generated by intracellular organelles. These organelles, by dynamically regulating the spatial and temporal extent of Ca2+ elevations within neurons, play a pivotal role in determining the downstream consequences of neural signaling on synaptic function. Here, we review the role of three major intracellular stores: the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and acidic Ca2+ stores, such as lysosomes, in neuronal Ca2+ signaling and plasticity. We provide a comprehensive account of how Ca2+ release from these stores regulates short- and long-term plasticity at the pre- and postsynaptic terminals of central synapses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Padamsey
- 1 Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Hugh Robson Building, University of Edinburgh, 15 George Square, Edinburgh, UK
| | - William J Foster
- 2 Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Nigel J Emptage
- 2 Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Faris P, Pellavio G, Ferulli F, Di Nezza F, Shekha M, Lim D, Maestri M, Guerra G, Ambrosone L, Pedrazzoli P, Laforenza U, Montagna D, Moccia F. Nicotinic Acid Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NAADP) Induces Intracellular Ca 2+ Release through the Two-Pore Channel TPC1 in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040542. [PMID: 30991693 PMCID: PMC6521149 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) gates two-pore channels 1 and 2 (TPC1 and TPC2) to elicit endo-lysosomal (EL) Ca2+ release. NAADP-induced EL Ca2+ signals may be amplified by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) through the Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release mechanism (CICR). Herein, we aimed at assessing for the first time the role of EL Ca2+ signaling in primary cultures of human metastatic colorectal carcinoma (mCRC) by exploiting Ca2+ imaging and molecular biology techniques. The lysosomotropic agent, Gly-Phe β-naphthylamide (GPN), and nigericin, which dissipates the ΔpH which drives Ca2+ refilling of acidic organelles, caused massive Ca2+ release in the presence of a functional inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3)-sensitive ER Ca2+ store. Liposomal delivery of NAADP induced a transient Ca2+ release that was reduced by GPN and NED-19, a selective TPC antagonist. Pharmacological and genetic manipulations revealed that the Ca2+ response to NAADP was triggered by TPC1, the most expressed TPC isoform in mCRC cells, and required ER-embedded InsP3 receptors. Finally, NED-19 and genetic silencing of TPC1 reduced fetal calf serum-induced Ca2+ signals, proliferation, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase and Akt phoshorylation in mCRC cells. These data demonstrate that NAADP-gated TPC1 could be regarded as a novel target for alternative therapies to treat mCRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Faris
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
- Research Centre, Salahaddin University-Erbil, 44001 Erbil, Kurdistan-Region of Iraq, Iraq.
| | - Giorgia Pellavio
- Human Physiology Unit, via Forlanini 6, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Federica Ferulli
- Laboratory of Immunology Transplantation, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Francesca Di Nezza
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Mudhir Shekha
- Research Centre, Salahaddin University-Erbil, 44001 Erbil, Kurdistan-Region of Iraq, Iraq.
- Department of Pathological Analysis, College of Science, Knowledge University, 074016 Erbil, Kurdistan-Region of Iraq, Iraq.
| | - Dmitry Lim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy.
| | - Marcello Maestri
- Unit of General Surgery, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
- Department of Sciences Clinic-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Luigi Ambrosone
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Paolo Pedrazzoli
- Medical Oncology, oundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Umberto Laforenza
- Human Physiology Unit, via Forlanini 6, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Daniela Montagna
- Laboratory of Immunology Transplantation, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
- Department of Sciences Clinic-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Yuan Y, Gunaratne GS, Marchant JS, Patel S. Probing Ca 2+ release mechanisms using sea urchin egg homogenates. Methods Cell Biol 2019; 151:445-458. [PMID: 30948025 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sea urchin eggs have been extensively used to study Ca2+ release through intracellular Ca2+-permeable channels. Their amenability to homogenization yields a robust, cell-free preparation that was central to establishing the Ca2+ mobilizing actions of cyclic ADP-ribose and NAADP. Egg homogenates have continued to provide insight into the basic properties and pharmacology of intracellular Ca2+ release channels. In this chapter, we describe methods for the preparation of egg homogenates and monitoring Ca2+ release using fluorimetry and radiotracer flux.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yuan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gihan S Gunaratne
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Jonathan S Marchant
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Sandip Patel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Recent advances in the mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and its inhibitors. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:128. [PMID: 30755589 PMCID: PMC6372664 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1413-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 765] [Impact Index Per Article: 153.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multimeric protein complex that initiates an inflammatory form of cell death and triggers the release of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. The NLRP3 inflammasome has been implicated in a wide range of diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Prion diseases, type 2 diabetes, and some infectious diseases. It has been found that a variety of stimuli including danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs, such as silica and uric acid crystals) and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) can activate NLRP3 inflammasome, but the specific regulatory mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation remain unclear. Understanding the mechanisms of NLRP3 activation will enable the development of its specific inhibitors to treat NLRP3-related diseases. In this review, we summarize current understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation as well as inhibitors that specifically and directly target NLRP3.
Collapse
|
58
|
Keeping the balance in NAD metabolism. Biochem Soc Trans 2019; 47:119-130. [PMID: 30626706 DOI: 10.1042/bst20180417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Research over the last few decades has extended our understanding of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) from a vital redox carrier to an important signalling molecule that is involved in the regulation of a multitude of fundamental cellular processes. This includes DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, gene expression and calcium signalling, in which NAD is a substrate for several families of regulatory proteins, such as sirtuins and ADP-ribosyltransferases. At the molecular level, NAD-dependent signalling events differ from hydride transfer by cleavage of the dinucleotide into an ADP-ribosyl moiety and nicotinamide. Therefore, non-redox functions of NAD require continuous biosynthesis of the dinucleotide. Maintenance of cellular NAD levels is mainly achieved by nicotinamide salvage, yet a variety of other precursors can be used to sustain cellular NAD levels via different biosynthetic routes. Biosynthesis and consumption of NAD are compartmentalised at the subcellular level, and currently little is known about the generation and role of some of these subcellular NAD pools. Impaired biosynthesis or increased NAD consumption is deleterious and associated with ageing and several pathologies. Insults to neurons lead to depletion of axonal NAD and rapid degeneration, partial rescue can be achieved pharmacologically by administration of specific NAD precursors. Restoring NAD levels by stimulating biosynthesis or through supplementation with precursors also produces beneficial therapeutic effects in several disease models. In this review, we will briefly discuss the most recent achievements and the challenges ahead in this diverse research field.
Collapse
|
59
|
Roux-Osovitz MM, Foltz KR, Oulhen N, Wessel G. Trapping, tagging and tracking: Tools for the study of proteins during early development of the sea urchin. Methods Cell Biol 2019; 151:283-304. [PMID: 30948012 PMCID: PMC7549693 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2024]
Abstract
The exquisite synchronicity of sea urchin development provides a reliable model for studying maternal proteins in the haploid egg as well as those involved in egg activation, fertilization and early development. Sea urchin eggs are released by the millions, enabling the quantitative evaluation of maternally stored and newly synthesized proteins over a range of time (seconds to hours post fertilization). During this window of development exist many hallmark and unique biochemical interactions that can be investigated for the purpose of characterizing profiles of kinases and other signaling proteins, manipulated using pharmacology to test sufficiency and necessity, for identification of post translational modifications, and for capturing protein-protein interactions. Coupled with the fact that sea urchin eggs and embryos are transparent, this synchronicity also results in large populations of cells that can be evaluated for newly synthesized protein localization and identification through use of the Click-iT technology. We provide basic protocols for these approaches and direct readers to the appropriate literature for variations and examples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathy R Foltz
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology and Marine Science Institute, UC Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | - Nathalie Oulhen
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Gary Wessel
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Endolysosomal Ca 2+ Signalling and Cancer Hallmarks: Two-Pore Channels on the Move, TRPML1 Lags Behind! Cancers (Basel) 2018; 11:cancers11010027. [PMID: 30591696 PMCID: PMC6356888 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The acidic vesicles of the endolysosomal (EL) system are emerging as an intracellular Ca2+ store implicated in the regulation of multiple cellular functions. The EL Ca2+ store releases Ca2+ through a variety of Ca2+-permeable channels, including Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) Mucolipin 1-3 (TRPML1-3) and two-pore channels 1-2 (TPC1-2), whereas EL Ca2+ refilling is sustained by the proton gradient across the EL membrane and/or by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). EL Ca2+ signals may be either spatially restricted to control vesicle trafficking, autophagy and membrane repair or may be amplified into a global Ca2+ signal through the Ca2+-dependent recruitment of ER-embedded channels. Emerging evidence suggested that nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP)-gated TPCs sustain multiple cancer hallmarks, such as migration, invasiveness and angiogenesis. Herein, we first survey the EL Ca2+ refilling and release mechanisms and then focus on the oncogenic role of EL Ca2+ signaling. While the evidence in favor of TRPML1 involvement in neoplastic transformation is yet to be clearly provided, TPCs are emerging as an alternative target for anticancer therapies.
Collapse
|
61
|
Patel S, Brailoiu E. Thinking through acidic Ca 2+ stores. Sci Signal 2018; 11:11/558/eaau3342. [PMID: 30482848 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aau3342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate signaling regulates neuronal activity and synaptic plasticity, which underlies learning and memory. In this issue of Science Signaling, Foster et al found that metabotropic glutamate receptors mediate long-term potentiation in hippocampal neurons by mobilizing acidic endolysosomal Ca2+ stores through the intracellular messenger NAADP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Patel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Eugen Brailoiu
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Zuccolo E, Kheder DA, Lim D, Perna A, Nezza FD, Botta L, Scarpellino G, Negri S, Martinotti S, Soda T, Forcaia G, Riboni L, Ranzato E, Sancini G, Ambrosone L, D'Angelo E, Guerra G, Moccia F. Glutamate triggers intracellular Ca 2+ oscillations and nitric oxide release by inducing NAADP- and InsP 3 -dependent Ca 2+ release in mouse brain endothelial cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:3538-3554. [PMID: 30451297 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The neurotransmitter glutamate increases cerebral blood flow by activating postsynaptic neurons and presynaptic glial cells within the neurovascular unit. Glutamate does so by causing an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+ ]i ) in the target cells, which activates the Ca2+ /Calmodulin-dependent nitric oxide (NO) synthase to release NO. It is unclear whether brain endothelial cells also sense glutamate through an elevation in [Ca2+ ]i and NO production. The current study assessed whether and how glutamate drives Ca2+ -dependent NO release in bEND5 cells, an established model of brain endothelial cells. We found that glutamate induced a dose-dependent oscillatory increase in [Ca2+ ]i , which was maximally activated at 200 μM and inhibited by α-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine, a selective blocker of Group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors. Glutamate-induced intracellular Ca2+ oscillations were triggered by rhythmic endogenous Ca2+ mobilization and maintained over time by extracellular Ca2+ entry. Pharmacological manipulation revealed that glutamate-induced endogenous Ca2+ release was mediated by InsP3 -sensitive receptors and nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) gated two-pore channel 1. Constitutive store-operated Ca2+ entry mediated Ca2+ entry during ongoing Ca2+ oscillations. Finally, glutamate evoked a robust, although delayed increase in NO levels, which was blocked by pharmacologically inhibition of the accompanying intracellular Ca2+ signals. Of note, glutamate induced Ca2+ -dependent NO release also in hCMEC/D3 cells, an established model of human brain microvascular endothelial cells. This investigation demonstrates for the first time that metabotropic glutamate-induced intracellular Ca2+ oscillations and NO release have the potential to impact on neurovascular coupling in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Estella Zuccolo
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani," University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Dlzar A Kheder
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani," University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Zakho, Duhok, Kurdistan-Region of Iraq
| | - Dmitry Lim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont "Amedeo Avogadro,", Novara, Italy
| | - Angelica Perna
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio,", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Nezza
- Department of Bioscience and Territory (DIBT), University of Molise, Contrada Lappone Pesche, Isernia, Italy
| | - Laura Botta
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani," University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgia Scarpellino
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani," University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sharon Negri
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani," University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Simona Martinotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DiSIT), University of Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Teresa Soda
- Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Rome, Italy.,Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Greta Forcaia
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Laura Riboni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, LITA-Segrate, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Elia Ranzato
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DiSIT), University of Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Giulio Sancini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Luigi Ambrosone
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio,", Centre of Nanomedicine, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Egidio D'Angelo
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Brain Connectivity Center, C. Mondino National Neurological Institute, Pavia, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio,", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani," University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Kelu JJ, Webb SE, Galione A, Miller AL. Characterization of ADP-ribosyl cyclase 1-like (ARC1-like) activity and NAADP signaling during slow muscle cell development in zebrafish embryos. Dev Biol 2018; 445:211-225. [PMID: 30447180 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We recently demonstrated the requirement of two-pore channel type 2 (TPC2)-mediated Ca2+ release during slow muscle cell differentiation and motor circuit maturation in intact zebrafish embryos. However, the upstream trigger(s) of TPC2/Ca2+ signaling during these developmental processes remains unclear. Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) is a potent Ca2+ mobilizing messenger, which is suggested to target TPC2 in mediating the release of Ca2+ from acidic vesicles. Here, we report the molecular cloning of the zebrafish ADP ribosyl cyclase (ARC) homolog (i.e., ARC1-like), which is a putative enzyme for generating NAADP. We characterized the expression of the arc1-like transcript and the NAADP levels between ~ 16 h post-fertilization (hpf) and ~ 48 hpf in whole zebrafish embryos. We showed that if ARC1-like (when fused with either EGFP or tdTomato) was overexpressed it localized in the plasma membrane, and associated with intracellular organelles, such as the acidic vesicles, Golgi complex and sarcoplasmic reticulum, in primary muscle cell cultures. Morpholino (MO)-mediated knockdown of arc1-like or pharmacological inhibition of ARC1-like (via treatment with nicotinamide), led to an attenuation of Ca2+ signaling and disruption of slow muscle cell development. In addition, the injection of arc1-like mRNA into ARC1-like morphants partially rescued the Ca2+ signals and slow muscle cell development. Together, our data might suggest a link between ARC1-like, NAADP, TPC2 and Ca2+ signaling during zebrafish myogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Kelu
- Division of Life Science&State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, HKUST, Hong Kong
| | - Sarah E Webb
- Division of Life Science&State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, HKUST, Hong Kong
| | - Antony Galione
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew L Miller
- Division of Life Science&State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, HKUST, Hong Kong.
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Gunaratne GS, Johns ME, Hintz HM, Walseth TF, Marchant JS. A screening campaign in sea urchin egg homogenate as a platform for discovering modulators of NAADP-dependent Ca 2+ signaling in human cells. Cell Calcium 2018; 75:42-52. [PMID: 30145428 PMCID: PMC6286156 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The Ca2+ mobilizing second messenger nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) regulates intracellular trafficking events, including translocation of certain enveloped viruses through the endolysosomal system. Targeting NAADP-evoked Ca2+ signaling may therefore be an effective strategy for discovering novel antivirals as well as therapeutics for other disorders. To aid discovery of novel scaffolds that modulate NAADP-evoked Ca2+ signaling in human cells, we have investigated the potential of using the sea urchin egg homogenate system for a screening campaign. Known pharmacological inhibitors of NAADP-evoked Ca2+ release (but not cADPR- or IP3-evoked Ca2+ release) in this invertebrate system strongly correlated with inhibition of MERS-pseudovirus infectivity in a human cell line. A primary screen of 1534 compounds yielded eighteen 'hits' exhibiting >80% inhibition of NAADP-evoked Ca2+ release. A validation pipeline for these candidates yielded seven drugs that inhibited NAADP-evoked Ca2+ release without depleting acidic Ca2+ stores in a human cell line. These candidates displayed a similar penetrance of inhibition in both the sea urchin system and the human cell line, and the extent of inhibition of NAADP-evoked Ca2+ signals correlated well with observed inhibition of infectivity of a Middle East Respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) pseudovirus. These experiments support the potential of this simple, homogenate system for screening campaigns to discover modulators of NAADP, cADPR and IP3-dependent Ca2+ signaling with potential therapeutic value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gihan S Gunaratne
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, MN 55455, USA
| | - Malcolm E Johns
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, MN 55455, USA
| | - Hallie M Hintz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, MN 55455, USA
| | - Timothy F Walseth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jonathan S Marchant
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI 53226, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Zuccolo E, Laforenza U, Negri S, Botta L, Berra-Romani R, Faris P, Scarpellino G, Forcaia G, Pellavio G, Sancini G, Moccia F. Muscarinic M5 receptors trigger acetylcholine-induced Ca 2+ signals and nitric oxide release in human brain microvascular endothelial cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:4540-4562. [PMID: 30191989 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Basal forebrain neurons control cerebral blood flow (CBF) by releasing acetylcholine (Ach), which binds to endothelial muscarinic receptors to induce nitric (NO) release and vasodilation in intraparenchymal arterioles. Nevertheless, the mechanism whereby Ach stimulates human brain microvascular endothelial cells to produce NO is still unknown. Herein, we sought to assess whether Ach stimulates NO production in a Ca2+ -dependent manner in hCMEC/D3 cells, a widespread model of human brain microvascular endothelial cells. Ach induced a dose-dependent increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+ ]i ) that was prevented by the genetic blockade of M5 muscarinic receptors (M5-mAchRs), which was the only mAchR isoform coupled to phospholipase Cβ (PLCβ) present in hCMEC/D3 cells. A comprehensive real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed the expression of the transcripts encoding for type 3 inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (InsP3 R3), two-pore channels 1 and 2 (TPC1-2), Stim2, Orai1-3. Pharmacological manipulation showed that the Ca2+ response to Ach was mediated by InsP3 R3, TPC1-2, and store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). Ach-induced NO release, in turn, was inhibited in cells deficient of M5-mAchRs. Likewise, Ach failed to increase NO levels in the presence of l-NAME, a selective NOS inhibitor, or BAPTA, a membrane-permeant intracellular Ca2+ buffer. Moreover, the pharmacological blockade of the Ca2+ response to Ach also inhibited the accompanying NO production. These data demonstrate for the first time that synaptically released Ach may trigger NO release in human brain microvascular endothelial cells by stimulating a Ca2+ signal via M5-mAchRs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Estella Zuccolo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani," Laboratory of General Physiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Umberto Laforenza
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Human Physiology Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sharon Negri
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani," Laboratory of General Physiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Botta
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani," Laboratory of General Physiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberto Berra-Romani
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Pawan Faris
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani," Laboratory of General Physiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Giorgia Scarpellino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani," Laboratory of General Physiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Greta Forcaia
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Giorgia Pellavio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Human Physiology Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulio Sancini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani," Laboratory of General Physiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Roest G, La Rovere RM, Bultynck G, Parys JB. IP 3 Receptor Properties and Function at Membrane Contact Sites. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 981:149-178. [PMID: 29594861 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55858-5_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor (IP3R) is a ubiquitously expressed Ca2+-release channel localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The intracellular Ca2+ signals originating from the activation of the IP3R regulate multiple cellular processes including the control of cell death versus cell survival via their action on apoptosis and autophagy. The exact role of the IP3Rs in these two processes does not only depend on their activity, which is modulated by the cytosolic composition (Ca2+, ATP, redox status, …) and by various types of regulatory proteins, including kinases and phosphatases as well as by a number of oncogenes and tumor suppressors, but also on their intracellular localization, especially at the ER-mitochondrial and ER-lysosomal interfaces. At these interfaces, Ca2+ microdomains are formed, in which the Ca2+ concentration is finely regulated by the different ER, mitochondrial and lysosomal Ca2+-transport systems and also depends on the functional and structural interactions existing between them. In this review, we therefore discuss the most recent insights in the role of Ca2+ signaling in general, and of the IP3R in particular, in the control of basal mitochondrial bioenergetics, apoptosis, and autophagy at the level of inter-organellar contact sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Roest
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rita M La Rovere
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Bultynck
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Jan B Parys
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Hamilton A, Zhang Q, Salehi A, Willems M, Knudsen JG, Ringgaard AK, Chapman CE, Gonzalez-Alvarez A, Surdo NC, Zaccolo M, Basco D, Johnson PRV, Ramracheya R, Rutter GA, Galione A, Rorsman P, Tarasov AI. Adrenaline Stimulates Glucagon Secretion by Tpc2-Dependent Ca 2+ Mobilization From Acidic Stores in Pancreatic α-Cells. Diabetes 2018; 67:1128-1139. [PMID: 29563152 PMCID: PMC6258900 DOI: 10.2337/db17-1102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Adrenaline is a powerful stimulus of glucagon secretion. It acts by activation of β-adrenergic receptors, but the downstream mechanisms have only been partially elucidated. Here, we have examined the effects of adrenaline in mouse and human α-cells by a combination of electrophysiology, imaging of Ca2+ and PKA activity, and hormone release measurements. We found that stimulation of glucagon secretion correlated with a PKA- and EPAC2-dependent (inhibited by PKI and ESI-05, respectively) elevation of [Ca2+]i in α-cells, which occurred without stimulation of electrical activity and persisted in the absence of extracellular Ca2+ but was sensitive to ryanodine, bafilomycin, and thapsigargin. Adrenaline also increased [Ca2+]i in α-cells in human islets. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of the Tpc2 channel (that mediates Ca2+ release from acidic intracellular stores) abolished the stimulatory effect of adrenaline on glucagon secretion and reduced the elevation of [Ca2+]i Furthermore, in Tpc2-deficient islets, ryanodine exerted no additive inhibitory effect. These data suggest that β-adrenergic stimulation of glucagon secretion is controlled by a hierarchy of [Ca2+]i signaling in the α-cell that is initiated by cAMP-induced Tpc2-dependent Ca2+ release from the acidic stores and further amplified by Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release from the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hamilton
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Headington, U.K
| | - Quan Zhang
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Headington, U.K
| | - Albert Salehi
- Institute of Neuroscience of Physiology, Department of Physiology, Metabolic Research Unit, University of Göteborg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Mara Willems
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Headington, U.K
| | - Jakob G Knudsen
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Headington, U.K
| | - Anna K Ringgaard
- Diabetes Research, Department of Stem Cell Biology, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Caroline E Chapman
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Headington, U.K
| | - Alejandro Gonzalez-Alvarez
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Headington, U.K
| | - Nicoletta C Surdo
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Manuela Zaccolo
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Davide Basco
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paul R V Johnson
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Headington, U.K
- Oxford National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, U.K
| | - Reshma Ramracheya
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Headington, U.K
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, U.K
| | - Antony Galione
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Patrik Rorsman
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Headington, U.K.
- Institute of Neuroscience of Physiology, Department of Physiology, Metabolic Research Unit, University of Göteborg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Oxford National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, U.K
| | - Andrei I Tarasov
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Headington, U.K.
- Oxford National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Fang C, Li T, Li Y, Xu GJ, Deng QW, Chen YJ, Hou YN, Lee HC, Zhao YJ. CD38 produces nicotinic acid adenosine dinucleotide phosphate in the lysosome. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:8151-8160. [PMID: 29632067 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.002113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinic acid adenosine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) is a Ca2+-mobilizing second messenger that regulates a wide range of biological activities. However, the mechanism of its biogenesis remains controversial. CD38 is the only enzyme known to catalyze NAADP synthesis from NADP and nicotinic acid. CD38-mediated catalysis requires an acidic pH, suggesting that NAADP may be produced in acidic endolysosomes, but this hypothesis is untested. In this study, using human cell lines, we specifically directed CD38 to the endolysosomal system and assessed cellular NAADP production. First, we found that nanobodies targeting various epitopes on the C-terminal domain of CD38 could bind to cell surface-localized CD38 and induce its endocytosis. We also found that CD38 internalization occurred via a clathrin-dependent pathway, delivered CD38 to the endolysosome, and elevated intracellular NAADP levels. We also created a CD38 variant for lysosome-specific expression, which not only withstood the degradative environment in the lysosome, but was also much more active than WT CD38 in elevating cellular NAADP levels. Supplementing CD38-expressing cells with nicotinic acid substantially increased cellular NAADP levels. These results demonstrate that endolysosomal CD38 can produce NAADP in human cells. They further suggest that CD38's compartmentalization to the lysosome may allow for its regulation via substrate access, rather than enzyme activation, thereby providing a reliable mechanism for regulating cellular NAADP production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Fang
- Laboratory of Cytophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ting Li
- Laboratory of Cytophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ying Li
- Laboratory of Cytophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guan Jie Xu
- Laboratory of Cytophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qi Wen Deng
- Laboratory of Cytophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ya Jie Chen
- Laboratory of Cytophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yun Nan Hou
- Laboratory of Cytophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hon Cheung Lee
- Laboratory of Cytophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Yong Juan Zhao
- Laboratory of Cytophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Calcium Dynamics as a Machine for Decoding Signals. Trends Cell Biol 2018; 28:258-273. [PMID: 29409699 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is considered one of the most-important biological cations, because it is implicated in cell physiopathology and cell fate through a finely tuned signaling system. In support of this notion, Ca2+ is the primary driver of cell proliferation and cell growth; however, it is also intimately linked to cell death. Functional abnormalities or mutations in proteins that mediate Ca2+ homeostasis usually lead to a plethora of diseases and pathogenic states, including cancer, heart failure, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disease. In this review, we examine recent discoveries in the highly localized nature of Ca2+-dependent signal transduction and its roles in cell fate, inflammasome activation, and synaptic transmission.
Collapse
|
70
|
Endothelial Ca 2+ Signaling and the Resistance to Anticancer Treatments: Partners in Crime. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010217. [PMID: 29324706 PMCID: PMC5796166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ signaling drives angiogenesis and vasculogenesis by stimulating proliferation, migration, and tube formation in both vascular endothelial cells and endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs), which represent the only endothelial precursor truly belonging to the endothelial phenotype. In addition, local Ca2+ signals at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondria interface regulate endothelial cell fate by stimulating survival or apoptosis depending on the extent of the mitochondrial Ca2+ increase. The present article aims at describing how remodeling of the endothelial Ca2+ toolkit contributes to establish intrinsic or acquired resistance to standard anti-cancer therapies. The endothelial Ca2+ toolkit undergoes a major alteration in tumor endothelial cells and tumor-associated ECFCs. These include changes in TRPV4 expression and increase in the expression of P2X7 receptors, Piezo2, Stim1, Orai1, TRPC1, TRPC5, Connexin 40 and dysregulation of the ER Ca2+ handling machinery. Additionally, remodeling of the endothelial Ca2+ toolkit could involve nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, gasotransmitters-gated channels, two-pore channels and Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger. Targeting the endothelial Ca2+ toolkit could represent an alternative adjuvant therapy to circumvent patients' resistance to current anti-cancer treatments.
Collapse
|
71
|
Patel S. Ins and outs of Ca 2+ transport by acidic organelles and cell migration. Commun Integr Biol 2018. [PMCID: PMC5824967 DOI: 10.1080/19420889.2017.1331800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Much contemporary evidence underscores the pathophysiological importance of Ca2+ handling by acidic organelles such as lysosomes. Whereas our knowledge of how Ca2+ is released from these acidic Ca2+ stores (the ‘outs’) is advancing, we know relatively little about how Ca2+ uptake is effected (the ‘ins’). Here I highlight new work identifying animal Ca2+/H+ (CAX) exchangers that localize to acidic organelles, mediate Ca2+ uptake and regulate cell migration in vivo. Continued molecular definition of the acidic Ca2+ store toolkit provides new insight into Ca2+-dependent function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Patel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Kilpatrick BS, Eden ER, Hockey LN, Yates E, Futter CE, Patel S. An Endosomal NAADP-Sensitive Two-Pore Ca 2+ Channel Regulates ER-Endosome Membrane Contact Sites to Control Growth Factor Signaling. Cell Rep 2017; 18:1636-1645. [PMID: 28199837 PMCID: PMC5318655 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane contact sites are regions of close apposition between organelles that facilitate information transfer. Here, we reveal an essential role for Ca2+ derived from the endo-lysosomal system in maintaining contact between endosomes and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Antagonizing action of the Ca2+-mobilizing messenger NAADP, inhibiting its target endo-lysosomal ion channel, TPC1, and buffering local Ca2+ fluxes all clustered and enlarged late endosomes/lysosomes. We show that TPC1 localizes to ER-endosome contact sites and is required for their formation. Reducing NAADP-dependent contacts delayed EGF receptor de-phosphorylation consistent with close apposition of endocytosed receptors with the ER-localized phosphatase PTP1B. In accord, downstream MAP kinase activation and mobilization of ER Ca2+ stores by EGF were exaggerated upon NAADP blockade. Membrane contact sites between endosomes and the ER thus emerge as Ca2+-dependent hubs for signaling. NAADP/TPC1 signaling maintains endo-lysosomal morphology TPC1 localizes to contacts between late endosomes and the endoplasmic reticulum NAADP/TPC1 signaling regulates contact site formation NAADP tempers EGF receptor-mediated signaling
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bethan S Kilpatrick
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Emily R Eden
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Leanne N Hockey
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Elizabeth Yates
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Clare E Futter
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK.
| | - Sandip Patel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Padamsey Z, McGuinness L, Emptage NJ. Inhibition of lysosomal Ca 2+ signalling disrupts dendritic spine structure and impairs wound healing in neurons. Commun Integr Biol 2017; 10:e1344802. [PMID: 29259727 PMCID: PMC5731510 DOI: 10.1080/19420889.2017.1344802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that lysosomes, which have traditionally been regarded as degradative organelles, can function as Ca2+ stores, regulated by the second messenger nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP). We previously demonstrated that in hippocampal pyramidal neurons, activity-dependent Ca2+ release from these stores triggers fusion of the lysosome with the plasma membrane. We found that the physiological role of this Ca2+-dependent fusion was to maintain the long-term structural enlargement of dendritic spines induced by synaptic activity. Here, we examined the pathophysiological consequences of lysosomal dysfunction in hippocampal pyramidal neurons by chronically inhibiting lysosomal Ca2+ signalling using the NAADP antagonist, NED-19. We found that within just 20 hours, inhibition of lysosomal function led to a profound intracellular accumulation of lysosomal membrane. This was accompanied by a significant change in dendritic spine structure, which included a lengthening of dendritic spines, an increase in the number of filipodia, and an overall decrease in spine number. Inhibition of lysosomal function also inhibited wound healing in neurons by preventing lysosomal fusion with the plasma membrane. Neurons were therefore more susceptible to injury. Our findings suggest that dysfunction in lysosomal Ca2+ signalling and lysosomal fusion with the plasma membrane may contribute to the loss of dendritic spines and neurons seen in neurological disorders, such as Niemann-Pick disease type C1, in which lysosomal function is impaired.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Padamsey
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Nigel J Emptage
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Plattner H, Verkhratsky A. Inseparable tandem: evolution chooses ATP and Ca2+ to control life, death and cellular signalling. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2017; 371:rstb.2015.0419. [PMID: 27377729 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
From the very dawn of biological evolution, ATP was selected as a multipurpose energy-storing molecule. Metabolism of ATP required intracellular free Ca(2+) to be set at exceedingly low concentrations, which in turn provided the background for the role of Ca(2+) as a universal signalling molecule. The early-eukaryote life forms also evolved functional compartmentalization and vesicle trafficking, which used Ca(2+) as a universal signalling ion; similarly, Ca(2+) is needed for regulation of ciliary and flagellar beat, amoeboid movement, intracellular transport, as well as of numerous metabolic processes. Thus, during evolution, exploitation of atmospheric oxygen and increasingly efficient ATP production via oxidative phosphorylation by bacterial endosymbionts were a first step for the emergence of complex eukaryotic cells. Simultaneously, Ca(2+) started to be exploited for short-range signalling, despite restrictions by the preset phosphate-based energy metabolism, when both phosphates and Ca(2+) interfere with each other because of the low solubility of calcium phosphates. The need to keep cytosolic Ca(2+) low forced cells to restrict Ca(2+) signals in space and time and to develop energetically favourable Ca(2+) signalling and Ca(2+) microdomains. These steps in tandem dominated further evolution. The ATP molecule (often released by Ca(2+)-regulated exocytosis) rapidly grew to be the universal chemical messenger for intercellular communication; ATP effects are mediated by an extended family of purinoceptors often linked to Ca(2+) signalling. Similar to atmospheric oxygen, Ca(2+) must have been reverted from a deleterious agent to a most useful (intra- and extracellular) signalling molecule. Invention of intracellular trafficking further increased the role for Ca(2+) homeostasis that became critical for regulation of cell survival and cell death. Several mutually interdependent effects of Ca(2+) and ATP have been exploited in evolution, thus turning an originally unholy alliance into a fascinating success story.This article is part of the themed issue 'Evolution brings Ca(2+) and ATP together to control life and death'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Plattner
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Alexei Verkhratsky
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK Achucarro Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU and CIBERNED, Leioa, Spain University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod 603022, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Patel S, Churamani D, Brailoiu E. NAADP-evoked Ca 2+ signals through two-pore channel-1 require arginine residues in the first S4-S5 linker. Cell Calcium 2017; 68:1-4. [PMID: 29129203 PMCID: PMC5700777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The S4–S5 linker of TPCs harbours conserved basic residues. Arginine residues in the S4–S5 linker are required for activation of TPC1 by NAADP. The S4–S5 linker emerges as a potential common determinant for TPC activation.
Two-pore channels (TPCs) are two-domain members of the voltage-gated ion channel superfamily that localize to acidic organelles. Their mechanism of activation (ligands such as NAADP/PI(3,5)P2 versus voltage) and ion selectivity (Ca2+ versus Na+) is debated. Here we report that a cluster of arginine residues in the first domain required for selective voltage-gating of TPC1 map not to the voltage-sensing fourth transmembrane region (S4) but to a cytosolic downstream region (S4-S5 linker). These residues are conserved between TPC isoforms suggesting a generic role in TPC activation. Accordingly, mutation of residues in TPC1 but not the analogous region in the second domain prevents Ca2+ release by NAADP in intact cells. Our data affirm the role of TPCs in NAADP-mediated Ca2+ signalling and unite differing models of channel activation through identification of common domain-specific residues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Patel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Dev Churamani
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Eugen Brailoiu
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Bootman MD, Chehab T, Bultynck G, Parys JB, Rietdorf K. The regulation of autophagy by calcium signals: Do we have a consensus? Cell Calcium 2017; 70:32-46. [PMID: 28847414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Macroautophagy (hereafter called 'autophagy') is a cellular process for degrading and recycling cellular constituents, and for maintenance of cell function. Autophagy initiates via vesicular engulfment of cellular materials and culminates in their degradation via lysosomal hydrolases, with the whole process often being termed 'autophagic flux'. Autophagy is a multi-step pathway requiring the interplay of numerous scaffolding and signalling molecules. In particular, orthologs of the family of ∼30 autophagy-regulating (Atg) proteins that were first characterised in yeast play essential roles in the initiation and processing of autophagic vesicles in mammalian cells. The serine/threonine kinase mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) is a master regulator of the canonical autophagic response of cells to nutrient starvation. In addition, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which is a key sensor of cellular energy status, can trigger autophagy by inhibiting mTOR, or by phosphorylating other downstream targets. Calcium (Ca2+) has been implicated in autophagic signalling pathways encompassing both mTOR and AMPK, as well as in autophagy seemingly not involving these kinases. Numerous studies have shown that cytosolic Ca2+ signals can trigger autophagy. Moreover, introduction of an exogenous chelator to prevent cytosolic Ca2+ signals inhibits autophagy in response to many different stimuli, with suggestions that buffering Ca2+ affects not only the triggering of autophagy, but also proximal and distal steps during autophagic flux. Observations such as these indicate that Ca2+ plays an essential role as a pro-autophagic signal. However, cellular Ca2+ signals can exert anti-autophagic actions too. For example, Ca2+ channel blockers induce autophagy due to the loss of autophagy-suppressing Ca2+ signals. In addition, the sequestration of Ca2+ by mitochondria during physiological signalling appears necessary to maintain cellular bio-energetics, thereby suppressing AMPK-dependent autophagy. This article attempts to provide an integrated overview of the evidence for the proposed roles of various Ca2+ signals, Ca2+ channels and Ca2+ sources in controlling autophagic flux.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin D Bootman
- School of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, MK7 6AA, UK.
| | - Tala Chehab
- School of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, MK7 6AA, UK
| | - Geert Bultynck
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Instituut (LKI), B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan B Parys
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Instituut (LKI), B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katja Rietdorf
- School of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, MK7 6AA, UK
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Lin WK, Bolton EL, Cortopassi WA, Wang Y, O'Brien F, Maciejewska M, Jacobson MP, Garnham C, Ruas M, Parrington J, Lei M, Sitsapesan R, Galione A, Terrar DA. Synthesis of the Ca 2+-mobilizing messengers NAADP and cADPR by intracellular CD38 enzyme in the mouse heart: Role in β-adrenoceptor signaling. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:13243-13257. [PMID: 28539361 PMCID: PMC5555186 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.789347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) and cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) are Ca2+-mobilizing messengers important for modulating cardiac excitation-contraction coupling and pathophysiology. CD38, which belongs to the ADP-ribosyl cyclase family, catalyzes synthesis of both NAADP and cADPR in vitro However, it remains unclear whether this is the main enzyme for their production under physiological conditions. Here we show that membrane fractions from WT but not CD38-/- mouse hearts supported NAADP and cADPR synthesis. Membrane permeabilization of cardiac myocytes with saponin and/or Triton X-100 increased NAADP synthesis, indicating that intracellular CD38 contributes to NAADP production. The permeabilization also permitted immunostaining of CD38, with a striated pattern in WT myocytes, whereas CD38-/- myocytes and nonpermeabilized WT myocytes showed little or no staining, without striation. A component of β-adrenoreceptor signaling in the heart involves NAADP and lysosomes. Accordingly, in the presence of isoproterenol, Ca2+ transients and contraction amplitudes were smaller in CD38-/- myocytes than in the WT. In addition, suppressing lysosomal function with bafilomycin A1 reduced the isoproterenol-induced increase in Ca2+ transients in cardiac myocytes from WT but not CD38-/- mice. Whole hearts isolated from CD38-/- mice and exposed to isoproterenol showed reduced arrhythmias. SAN4825, an ADP-ribosyl cyclase inhibitor that reduces cADPR and NAADP synthesis in mouse membrane fractions, was shown to bind to CD38 in docking simulations and reduced the isoproterenol-induced arrhythmias in WT hearts. These observations support generation of NAADP and cADPR by intracellular CD38, which contributes to effects of β-adrenoreceptor stimulation to increase both Ca2+ transients and the tendency to disturb heart rhythm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wee K Lin
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Emma L Bolton
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Wilian A Cortopassi
- the Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
- the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, and
| | - Yanwen Wang
- the Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona O'Brien
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Matylda Maciejewska
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew P Jacobson
- the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, and
| | - Clive Garnham
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Margarida Ruas
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - John Parrington
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Ming Lei
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Sitsapesan
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Antony Galione
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Derek A Terrar
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom,
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Kintzer AF, Stroud RM. On the structure and mechanism of two-pore channels. FEBS J 2017; 285:233-243. [PMID: 28656706 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In eukaryotes, two-pore channels (TPC1-3) comprise a family of ion channels that regulate the conductance of Na+ and Ca2+ ions across cellular membranes. TPC1-3 form endolysosomal channels, but TPC3 can also function in the plasma membrane. TPC1/3 are voltage-gated channels, but TPC2 opens in response to binding endolysosome-specific lipid phosphatidylinositol-3,5-diphosphate (PI(3,5)P2 ). Filoviruses, such as Ebola, exploit TPC-mediated ion release as a means of escape from the endolysosome during infection. Antagonists that block TPC1/2 channel conductance abrogate filoviral infections. TPC1/2 form complexes with the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) at the endolysosomal surface that couple cellular metabolic state and cytosolic nutrient concentrations to the control of membrane potential and pH. We determined the X-ray structure of TPC1 from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtTPC1) to 2.87Å resolution-one of the two first reports of a TPC channel structure. Here, we summarize these findings and the implications that the structure may have for understanding endolysosomal control mechanisms and their role in human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander F Kintzer
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Robert M Stroud
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Methods for monitoring Ca 2+ and ion channels in the lysosome. Cell Calcium 2017; 64:20-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
80
|
Di Nezza F, Zuccolo E, Poletto V, Rosti V, De Luca A, Moccia F, Guerra G, Ambrosone L. Liposomes as a Putative Tool to Investigate NAADP Signaling in Vasculogenesis. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:3722-3729. [PMID: 28374913 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) is the newest discovered intracellular second messengers, which is able to release Ca2+ stored within endolysosomal (EL) vesicles. NAADP-induced Ca2+ signals mediate a growing number of cellular functions, ranging from proliferation to muscle contraction and differentiation. Recently, NAADP has recently been shown to regulate angiogenesis by promoting endothelial cell growth. It is, however, still unknown whether NAADP stimulates proliferation also in endothelial progenitor cells, which are mobilized in circulation after an ischemic insult to induce tissue revascularization. Herein, we described a novel approach to prepare NAADP-containing liposomes, which are highly cell membrane permeable and are therefore amenable for stimulating cell activity. Accordingly, NAADP-containing liposomes evoked an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration, which was inhibited by NED-19, a selective inhibitor of NAADP-induced Ca2+ release. Furthermore, NAADP-containing liposomes promoted EPC proliferation, a process which was inhibited by NED-19 and BAPTA, a membrane permeable intracellular Ca2+ buffer. Therefore, NAADP-containing liposomes stand out as a promising tool to promote revascularization of hypoxic/ischemic tissues by favoring EPC proliferation. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 3722-3729, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Di Nezza
- Department of Bioscience and Territory (DIBT), University of Molise, Contrada Lappone Pesche, Isernia 86090, Italy
| | - Estella Zuccolo
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Valentina Poletto
- Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Center for the Study of Myelofibrosis, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Vittorio Rosti
- Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Center for the Study of Myelofibrosis, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, Università degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", Centre of Nanomedicine, University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy
| | - Luigi Ambrosone
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", Centre of Nanomedicine, University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Cao Q, Yang Y, Zhong XZ, Dong XP. The lysosomal Ca 2+ release channel TRPML1 regulates lysosome size by activating calmodulin. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:8424-8435. [PMID: 28360104 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.772160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular lysosomal membrane trafficking, including fusion and fission, is crucial for cellular homeostasis and normal cell function. Both fusion and fission of lysosomal membrane are accompanied by lysosomal Ca2+ release. We recently have demonstrated that the lysosomal Ca2+ release channel P2X4 regulates lysosome fusion through a calmodulin (CaM)-dependent mechanism. However, the molecular mechanism underlying lysosome fission remains uncertain. In this study, we report that enlarged lysosomes/vacuoles induced by either vacuolin-1 or P2X4 activation are suppressed by up-regulating the lysosomal Ca2+ release channel transient receptor potential mucolipin 1 (TRPML1) but not the lysosomal Na+ release channel two-pore channel 2 (TPC2). Activation of TRPML1 facilitated the recovery of enlarged lysosomes/vacuoles. Moreover, the effects of TRPML1 on lysosome/vacuole size regulation were eliminated by Ca2+ chelation, suggesting a requirement for TRPML1-mediated Ca2+ release. We further demonstrate that the prototypical Ca2+ sensor CaM is required for the regulation of lysosome/vacuole size by TRPML1, suggesting that TRPML1 may promote lysosome fission by activating CaM. Given that lysosome fission is implicated in both lysosome biogenesis and reformation, our findings suggest that TRPML1 may function as a key lysosomal Ca2+ channel controlling both lysosome biogenesis and reformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Cao
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Yiming Yang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Xi Zoë Zhong
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Xian-Ping Dong
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Padamsey Z, McGuinness L, Bardo SJ, Reinhart M, Tong R, Hedegaard A, Hart ML, Emptage NJ. Activity-Dependent Exocytosis of Lysosomes Regulates the Structural Plasticity of Dendritic Spines. Neuron 2016; 93:132-146. [PMID: 27989455 PMCID: PMC5222721 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomes have traditionally been viewed as degradative organelles, although a growing body of evidence suggests that they can function as Ca2+ stores. Here we examined the function of these stores in hippocampal pyramidal neurons. We found that back-propagating action potentials (bpAPs) could elicit Ca2+ release from lysosomes in the dendrites. This Ca2+ release triggered the fusion of lysosomes with the plasma membrane, resulting in the release of Cathepsin B. Cathepsin B increased the activity of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), an enzyme involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling and synaptic plasticity. Inhibition of either lysosomal Ca2+ signaling or Cathepsin B release prevented the maintenance of dendritic spine growth induced by Hebbian activity. This impairment could be rescued by exogenous application of active MMP-9. Our findings suggest that activity-dependent exocytosis of Cathepsin B from lysosomes regulates the long-term structural plasticity of dendritic spines by triggering MMP-9 activation and ECM remodelling. Back-propagating action potentials induce Ca2+ release from lysosomes in neurons Lysosomal Ca2+ release triggers exocytosis of the lysosomal protease Cathepsin B Cathepsin B maintains activity-dependent dendritic spine growth by activating MMP-9
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Padamsey
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Lindsay McGuinness
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Scott J Bardo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Marcia Reinhart
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Rudi Tong
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Anne Hedegaard
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Michael L Hart
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Nigel J Emptage
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Raffaello A, Mammucari C, Gherardi G, Rizzuto R. Calcium at the Center of Cell Signaling: Interplay between Endoplasmic Reticulum, Mitochondria, and Lysosomes. Trends Biochem Sci 2016; 41:1035-1049. [PMID: 27692849 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 337] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, rapid discoveries have been made relating to Ca2+ handling at specific organelles that have important implications for whole-cell Ca2+ homeostasis. In particular, the structures of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ channels revealed by electron cryomicroscopy (cryo-EM), continuous updates on the structure, regulation, and role of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) complex, and the analysis of lysosomal Ca2+ signaling are milestones on the route towards a deeper comprehension of the complexity of global Ca2+ signaling. In this review we summarize recent discoveries on the regulation of interorganellar Ca2+ homeostasis and its role in pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Raffaello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy.
| | - Cristina Mammucari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy.
| | - Gaia Gherardi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Rosario Rizzuto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council, 35131 Padua, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Kilpatrick BS, Yates E, Grimm C, Schapira AH, Patel S. Endo-lysosomal TRP mucolipin-1 channels trigger global ER Ca2+ release and Ca2+ influx. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:3859-3867. [PMID: 27577094 PMCID: PMC5087663 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.190322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) mucolipins (TRPMLs), encoded by the MCOLN genes, are patho-physiologically relevant endo-lysosomal ion channels crucial for membrane trafficking. Several lines of evidence suggest that TRPMLs mediate localised Ca2+ release but their role in Ca2+ signalling is not clear. Here, we show that activation of endogenous and recombinant TRPMLs with synthetic agonists evoked global Ca2+ signals in human cells. These signals were blocked by a dominant-negative TRPML1 construct and a TRPML antagonist. We further show that, despite a predominant lysosomal localisation, TRPML1 supports both Ca2+ release and Ca2+ entry. Ca2+ release required lysosomal and ER Ca2+ stores suggesting that TRPMLs, like other endo-lysosomal Ca2+ channels, are capable of ‘chatter’ with ER Ca2+ channels. Our data identify new modalities for TRPML1 action. Summary: The endolysosomal ion channel TRP mucolipin 1 was thought to mediate local Ca2+ signals. However, as reported here, it can also mediate global elevations in Ca2+.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bethan S Kilpatrick
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Elizabeth Yates
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Christian Grimm
- Center for Integrated Protein Science CIPSM and Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München 81377, Germany
| | - Anthony H Schapira
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Sandip Patel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Astroglial calcium signalling in Alzheimer's disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 483:1005-1012. [PMID: 27545605 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.08.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neuroglial contribution to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is pathologically relevant and highly heterogeneous. Reactive astrogliosis and activation of microglia contribute to neuroinflammation, whereas astroglial and oligodendroglial atrophy affect synaptic transmission and underlie the overall disruption of the central nervous system (CNS) connectome. Astroglial function is tightly integrated with the intracellular ionic signalling mediated by complex dynamics of cytosolic concentrations of free Ca2+ and Na+. Astroglial ionic signalling is mediated by plasmalemmal ion channels, mainly associated with ionotropic receptors, pumps and solute carrier transporters, and by intracellular organelles comprised of the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. The relative contribution of these molecular cascades/organelles can be plastically remodelled in development and under environmental stress. In AD astroglial Ca2+ signalling undergoes substantial reorganisation due to an abnormal regulation of expression of Ca2+ handling molecular cascades.
Collapse
|
86
|
Ivanova EA, Elmonem MA, Bongaerts I, Luyten T, Missiaen L, van den Heuvel LP, Levtchenko EN, Bultynck G. Ca(2+) signalling in human proximal tubular epithelial cells deficient for cystinosin. Cell Calcium 2016; 60:282-7. [PMID: 27451386 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nephropathic cystinosis is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in the CTNS gene coding for the lysosomal cystine transporter, cystinosin. Recent studies have demonstrated that, apart from cystine accumulation in the lysosomes, cystinosin-deficient cells, especially renal proximal tubular epithelial cells are characterized by abnormal vesicle trafficking and endocytosis, possible lysosomal dysfunction and perturbed intracellular signalling cascades. It is therefore possible that Ca(2+) signalling is disturbed in cystinosis, as it has been demonstrated for other disorders associated with lysosomal dysfunction, such as Gaucher, Niemann-Pick type C and Alzheimer's diseases. In this study we investigated ATP-induced, IP3-induced and lysosomal Ca(2+) release in human proximal tubular epithelial cells derived from control and cystinotic patients. No major dysregulation of intracellular Ca(2+) dynamics was found, although ATP-induced Ca(2+) release appeared slightly sensitized in cystinotic cells compared to control cells. Hence, these subtle changes in Ca(2+) signals elicited by agonists may contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A Ivanova
- KU Leuven and UZ Leuven, Department of Pediatric Nephrology & Growth and Regeneration, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mohamed A Elmonem
- KU Leuven and UZ Leuven, Department of Pediatric Nephrology & Growth and Regeneration, Leuven, Belgium; Cairo University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Inge Bongaerts
- KU Leuven and UZ Leuven, Department of Pediatric Nephrology & Growth and Regeneration, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tomas Luyten
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signalling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ludwig Missiaen
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signalling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lambertus P van den Heuvel
- KU Leuven and UZ Leuven, Department of Pediatric Nephrology & Growth and Regeneration, Leuven, Belgium; Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Elena N Levtchenko
- KU Leuven and UZ Leuven, Department of Pediatric Nephrology & Growth and Regeneration, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Bultynck
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signalling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Rivero-Ríos P, Fernández B, Madero-Pérez J, Lozano MR, Hilfiker S. Two-Pore Channels and Parkinson's Disease: Where's the Link? MESSENGER (LOS ANGELES, CALIF. : PRINT) 2016; 5:67-75. [PMID: 28529828 PMCID: PMC5436604 DOI: 10.1166/msr.2016.1051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Two-pore channels are endolysosomal Ca2+ release channels involved in proper trafficking to and from those organelles. They are the likely targets for the Ca2+-mobilizing messenger NAADP, and are further regulated by a variety of mechanisms including phosphoinositide levels and Rab proteins. As discussed here, recent studies highlight a role for these channels in the pathomechanism(s) underlying Parkinson's disease, with important implications for possible alternative treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Rivero-Ríos
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine “López-Neyra,” Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Belén Fernández
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine “López-Neyra,” Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Jesús Madero-Pérez
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine “López-Neyra,” Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - María Romo Lozano
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine “López-Neyra,” Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Sabine Hilfiker
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine “López-Neyra,” Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
La Rovere RML, Roest G, Bultynck G, Parys JB. Intracellular Ca(2+) signaling and Ca(2+) microdomains in the control of cell survival, apoptosis and autophagy. Cell Calcium 2016; 60:74-87. [PMID: 27157108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER), mitochondria and lysosomes are physically and/or functionally linked, establishing close contact sites between these organelles. As a consequence, Ca(2+) release events from the ER, the major intracellular Ca(2+)-storage organelle, have an immediate effect on the physiological function of mitochondria and lysosomes. Also, the lysosomes can act as a Ca(2+) source for Ca(2+) release into the cytosol, thereby influencing ER-based Ca(2+) signaling. Given the important role for mitochondria and lysosomes in cell survival, cell death and cell adaptation processes, it has become increasingly clear that Ca(2+) signals from or towards these organelles impact these processes. In this review, we discuss the most recent insights in the emerging role of Ca(2+) signaling in cellular survival by controlling basal mitochondrial bioenergetics and by regulating apoptosis, a mitochondrial process, and autophagy, a lysosomal process, in response to cell damage and cell stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita M L La Rovere
- KU Leuven, Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-1 B-802, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gemma Roest
- KU Leuven, Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-1 B-802, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Bultynck
- KU Leuven, Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-1 B-802, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Jan B Parys
- KU Leuven, Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-1 B-802, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Shin DM, Son A, Park S, Kim MS, Ahuja M, Muallem S. The TRPCs, Orais and STIMs in ER/PM Junctions. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 898:47-66. [PMID: 27161224 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-26974-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The Ca(2+) second messenger is initiated at ER/PM junctions and propagates into the cell interior to convey the receptor information. The signal is maintained by Ca(2+) influx across the plasma membrane through the Orai and TRPC channels. These Ca(2+) influx channels form complexes at ER/PM junctions with the ER Ca(2+) sensor STIM1, which activates the channels. The function of STIM1 is modulated by other STIM isoforms like STIM1L, STIM2 and STIM2.1/STIM2β and by SARAF, which mediates the Ca(2+)-dependent inhibition of Orai channels. The ER/PM junctions are formed at membrane contact sites by tethering proteins that generate several types of ER/PM junctions, such as PI(4,5)P2-poor and PI(4,5)P2-rich domains. This chapter discusses several properties of the TRPC channels, the Orai channels and the STIMs, their key interacting proteins and how interaction of the STIMs with the channels gates their activity. The chapter closes by highlighting open questions and potential future directions in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Min Shin
- Department of Oral Biology, BK 21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea.
| | - Aran Son
- Epithelial Signaling and Transport Section, Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Seonghee Park
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, EwhaWomans University, 911-1 Mok-6-dong, Yang Chun-gu, Seoul, 158-710, South Korea
| | - Min Seuk Kim
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan City, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Malini Ahuja
- Epithelial Signaling and Transport Section, Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Shmuel Muallem
- Epithelial Signaling and Transport Section, Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Capel RA, Bolton EL, Lin WK, Aston D, Wang Y, Liu W, Wang X, Burton RAB, Bloor-Young D, Shade KT, Ruas M, Parrington J, Churchill GC, Lei M, Galione A, Terrar DA. Two-pore Channels (TPC2s) and Nicotinic Acid Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NAADP) at Lysosomal-Sarcoplasmic Reticular Junctions Contribute to Acute and Chronic β-Adrenoceptor Signaling in the Heart. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:30087-98. [PMID: 26438825 PMCID: PMC4705968 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.684076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+-permeable type 2 two-pore channels (TPC2) are lysosomal proteins required for nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP)-evoked Ca2+ release in many diverse cell types. Here, we investigate the importance of TPC2 proteins for the physiology and pathophysiology of the heart. NAADP-AM failed to enhance Ca2+ responses in cardiac myocytes from Tpcn2−/− mice, unlike myocytes from wild-type (WT) mice. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II inhibitors suppressed actions of NAADP in myocytes. Ca2+ transients and contractions accompanying action potentials were increased by isoproterenol in myocytes from WT mice, but these effects of β-adrenoreceptor stimulation were reduced in myocytes from Tpcn2−/− mice. Increases in amplitude of L-type Ca2+ currents evoked by isoproterenol remained unchanged in myocytes from Tpcn2−/− mice showing no loss of β-adrenoceptors or coupling mechanisms. Whole hearts from Tpcn2−/− mice also showed reduced inotropic effects of isoproterenol and a reduced tendency for arrhythmias following acute β-adrenoreceptor stimulation. Hearts from Tpcn2−/− mice chronically exposed to isoproterenol showed less cardiac hypertrophy and increased threshold for arrhythmogenesis compared with WT controls. Electron microscopy showed that lysosomes form close contacts with the sarcoplasmic reticulum (separation ∼25 nm). We propose that Ca2+-signaling nanodomains between lysosomes and sarcoplasmic reticulum dependent on NAADP and TPC2 comprise an important element in β-adrenoreceptor signal transduction in cardiac myocytes. In summary, our observations define a role for NAADP and TPC2 at lysosomal/sarcoplasmic reticulum junctions as unexpected but major contributors in the acute actions of β-adrenergic signaling in the heart and also in stress pathways linking chronic stimulation of β-adrenoceptors to hypertrophy and associated arrhythmias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Capel
- From the Department of Pharmacology, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT
| | - Emma L Bolton
- From the Department of Pharmacology, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT
| | - Wee K Lin
- From the Department of Pharmacology, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT
| | - Daniel Aston
- From the Department of Pharmacology, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT
| | - Yanwen Wang
- From the Department of Pharmacology, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT
| | - Wei Liu
- the Faculty of Life Science, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, and
| | - Xin Wang
- the Faculty of Life Science, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, and
| | - Rebecca-Ann B Burton
- the Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Sherrington Building, University of Oxford, Sherrington Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan Bloor-Young
- From the Department of Pharmacology, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT
| | - Kai-Ting Shade
- From the Department of Pharmacology, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT
| | - Margarida Ruas
- From the Department of Pharmacology, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT
| | - John Parrington
- From the Department of Pharmacology, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT
| | - Grant C Churchill
- From the Department of Pharmacology, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT
| | - Ming Lei
- From the Department of Pharmacology, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT
| | - Antony Galione
- From the Department of Pharmacology, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT
| | - Derek A Terrar
- From the Department of Pharmacology, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT,
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Ca2+ signalling in the endoplasmic reticulum/secretory granule microdomain. Cell Calcium 2015; 58:397-404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
92
|
Arredouani A, Ruas M, Collins SC, Parkesh R, Clough F, Pillinger T, Coltart G, Rietdorf K, Royle A, Johnson P, Braun M, Zhang Q, Sones W, Shimomura K, Morgan AJ, Lewis AM, Chuang KT, Tunn R, Gadea J, Teboul L, Heister PM, Tynan PW, Bellomo EA, Rutter GA, Rorsman P, Churchill GC, Parrington J, Galione A. Nicotinic Acid Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NAADP) and Endolysosomal Two-pore Channels Modulate Membrane Excitability and Stimulus-Secretion Coupling in Mouse Pancreatic β Cells. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:21376-92. [PMID: 26152717 PMCID: PMC4571866 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.671248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β cells are electrically excitable and respond to elevated glucose concentrations with bursts of Ca2+ action potentials due to the activation of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (VDCCs), which leads to the exocytosis of insulin granules. We have examined the possible role of nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP)-mediated Ca2+ release from intracellular stores during stimulus-secretion coupling in primary mouse pancreatic β cells. NAADP-regulated Ca2+ release channels, likely two-pore channels (TPCs), have recently been shown to be a major mechanism for mobilizing Ca2+ from the endolysosomal system, resulting in localized Ca2+ signals. We show here that NAADP-mediated Ca2+ release from endolysosomal Ca2+ stores activates inward membrane currents and depolarizes the β cell to the threshold for VDCC activation and thereby contributes to glucose-evoked depolarization of the membrane potential during stimulus-response coupling. Selective pharmacological inhibition of NAADP-evoked Ca2+ release or genetic ablation of endolysosomal TPC1 or TPC2 channels attenuates glucose- and sulfonylurea-induced membrane currents, depolarization, cytoplasmic Ca2+ signals, and insulin secretion. Our findings implicate NAADP-evoked Ca2+ release from acidic Ca2+ storage organelles in stimulus-secretion coupling in β cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelilah Arredouani
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom,
| | - Margarida Ruas
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Stephan C Collins
- the Centre des Sciences du Gout et de l'Alimentation, Equipe 5, 9E Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Raman Parkesh
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Frederick Clough
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Toby Pillinger
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - George Coltart
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Katja Rietdorf
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Royle
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Johnson
- the Nuffield Department of Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Braun
- the The Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, United Kingdom
| | - Quan Zhang
- the The Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, United Kingdom
| | - William Sones
- the The Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, United Kingdom
| | - Kenju Shimomura
- the Henry Wellcome Centre for Gene Function, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony J Morgan
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander M Lewis
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Kai-Ting Chuang
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth Tunn
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Joaquin Gadea
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Lydia Teboul
- The Mary Lyon Centre, Medical Research Council Harwell, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, United Kingdom
| | - Paula M Heister
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia W Tynan
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Elisa A Bellomo
- the Centre des Sciences du Gout et de l'Alimentation, Equipe 5, 9E Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Guy A Rutter
- the Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom, and
| | - Patrik Rorsman
- the The Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, United Kingdom
| | - Grant C Churchill
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - John Parrington
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom,
| | - Antony Galione
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom,
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Abstract
Two-pore channels (TPCs) are evolutionarily important members of the voltage-gated ion channel superfamily. TPCs localize to acidic Ca(2+) stores within the endolysosomal system. Most evidence indicate that TPCs mediate Ca(2+) signals through the Ca(2+)-mobilizing messenger nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) to control a range of Ca(2+)-dependent events. Recent studies clarify the mechanism of TPC activation and identify roles for TPCs in disease, highlighting the regulation of endolysosomal membrane traffic by local Ca(2+) fluxes. Chemical targeting of TPCs to maintain endolysosomal "well-being" may be beneficial in disorders as diverse as Parkinson's disease, fatty liver disease, and Ebola virus infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Patel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Gerasimenko JV, Charlesworth RM, Sherwood MW, Ferdek PE, Mikoshiba K, Parrington J, Petersen OH, Gerasimenko OV. Both RyRs and TPCs are required for NAADP-induced intracellular Ca²⁺ release. Cell Calcium 2015; 58:237-45. [PMID: 26100948 PMCID: PMC4539342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Antibody against RyR1 reduced NAADP-evoked Ca2+ release by 81%. Combined inhibition of RyR1 and RyR3 (or RyR3-KO) reduced responses to NAADP by >90%. Knockout of TPC2 (or antibody against TPC2) reduced responses to NAADP by 64%. Combined inhibition of TPC2 and TPC1 reduced responses by 86%. In acidic stores inhibition of either pair of RyR1/3 or TPC1/2 abolished responses.
Intracellular Ca2+ release is mostly mediated by inositol trisphosphate, but intracellular cyclic-ADP-ribose (cADPR) and nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) are important messengers in many systems. Whereas cADPR generally activates type 2 ryanodine receptors (RyR2s), the NAADP-activated Ca2+ release mechanism is less clear. Using knockouts and antibodies against RyRs and Two-Pore Channels (TPCs), we have compared their relative importance for NAADP-induced Ca2+ release from two-photon permeabilized pancreatic acinar cells. In these cells, cholecystokinin-elicited Ca2+ release is mediated by NAADP. TPC2-KO reduced NAADP-induced Ca2+ release by 64%, but the combination of TPC2-KO and an antibody against TPC1, significantly reduced Ca2+ release by 86% (64% vs. 86%, p < 0.0002). In RyR3-KO, NAADP-evoked Ca2+ release reduced by ∼50% but, when combined with antibodies against RyR1, responses were 90% inhibited. Antibodies against RyR2 had practically no effect on NAADP-evoked Ca2+ release, but reduced release in response to cADPR by 55%. Antibodies to RyR1 inhibited NAADP-induced Ca2+ liberation by 81%, but only reduced cADPR responses by 30%. We conclude that full NAADP-mediated Ca2+ release requires both TPCs and RyRs. The sequence of relative importance for NAADP-elicited Ca2+ release from the all stores is RyR1 > TPC2 > RyR3 > TPC1 >> RyR2. However, when assessing NAADP-induced Ca2+ release solely from the acidic stores (granules/endosomes/lysosomes), antibodies against TPC2 and TPC1 virtually abolished the Ca2+ liberation as did antibodies against RyR1 and RyR3. Our results indicate that the primary, but very small, NAADP-elicited Ca2+ release via TPCs from endosomes/lysosomes triggers the detectable Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release via RyR1 and RyR3 occurring from the granules and the ER.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia V Gerasimenko
- Medical Research Council Group, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Richard M Charlesworth
- Medical Research Council Group, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Mark W Sherwood
- Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, Riken Brain Science Institute, Wako City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Pawel E Ferdek
- Medical Research Council Group, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Katsuhiko Mikoshiba
- Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, Riken Brain Science Institute, Wako City, Saitama, Japan; Ca(2+) Oscillation Project, ICORP-SORST, JST, Wako City, Saitama, Japan
| | - John Parrington
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Ole H Petersen
- Medical Research Council Group, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Oleg V Gerasimenko
- Medical Research Council Group, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Abstract
Two-pore channels are members of the voltage-gated ion channel superfamily. They localise to the endolysosomal system and are likely targets for the Ca2+ mobilising messenger NAADP. In this brief review, we relate mutagenesis of the TPC pore to a recently published homology model and discuss how pore mutants are informing us of TPC function. Molecular physiology of these ubiquitous proteins is thus emerging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Penny
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT
| | - Sandip Patel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Ruas M, Davis LC, Chen CC, Morgan AJ, Chuang KT, Walseth TF, Grimm C, Garnham C, Powell T, Platt N, Platt FM, Biel M, Wahl-Schott C, Parrington J, Galione A. Expression of Ca²⁺-permeable two-pore channels rescues NAADP signalling in TPC-deficient cells. EMBO J 2015; 34:1743-58. [PMID: 25872774 PMCID: PMC4516428 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201490009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The second messenger NAADP triggers Ca2+ release from endo-lysosomes. Although two-pore channels (TPCs) have been proposed to be regulated by NAADP, recent studies have challenged this. By generating the first mouse line with demonstrable absence of both Tpcn1 and Tpcn2 expression (Tpcn1/2−/−), we show that the loss of endogenous TPCs abolished NAADP-dependent Ca2+ responses as assessed by single-cell Ca2+ imaging or patch-clamp of single endo-lysosomes. In contrast, currents stimulated by PI(3,5)P2 were only partially dependent on TPCs. In Tpcn1/2−/− cells, NAADP sensitivity was restored by re-expressing wild-type TPCs, but not by mutant versions with impaired Ca2+-permeability, nor by TRPML1. Another mouse line formerly reported as TPC-null likely expresses truncated TPCs, but we now show that these truncated proteins still support NAADP-induced Ca2+ release. High-affinity [32P]NAADP binding still occurs in Tpcn1/2−/− tissue, suggesting that NAADP regulation is conferred by an accessory protein. Altogether, our data establish TPCs as Ca2+-permeable channels indispensable for NAADP signalling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Ruas
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lianne C Davis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Cheng-Chang Chen
- Center for Integrated Protein Science CIPS-M and Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | | | - Kai-Ting Chuang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Timothy F Walseth
- Pharmacology Department, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Christian Grimm
- Center for Integrated Protein Science CIPS-M and Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Clive Garnham
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Trevor Powell
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nick Platt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Frances M Platt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Martin Biel
- Center for Integrated Protein Science CIPS-M and Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Christian Wahl-Schott
- Center for Integrated Protein Science CIPS-M and Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - John Parrington
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Antony Galione
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Nikiforov A, Kulikova V, Ziegler M. The human NAD metabolome: Functions, metabolism and compartmentalization. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 50:284-97. [PMID: 25837229 PMCID: PMC4673589 DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2015.1028612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The metabolism of NAD has emerged as a key regulator of cellular and organismal homeostasis. Being a major component of both bioenergetic and signaling pathways, the molecule is ideally suited to regulate metabolism and major cellular events. In humans, NAD is synthesized from vitamin B3 precursors, most prominently from nicotinamide, which is the degradation product of all NAD-dependent signaling reactions. The scope of NAD-mediated regulatory processes is wide including enzyme regulation, control of gene expression and health span, DNA repair, cell cycle regulation and calcium signaling. In these processes, nicotinamide is cleaved from NAD+ and the remaining ADP-ribosyl moiety used to modify proteins (deacetylation by sirtuins or ADP-ribosylation) or to generate calcium-mobilizing agents such as cyclic ADP-ribose. This review will also emphasize the role of the intermediates in the NAD metabolome, their intra- and extra-cellular conversions and potential contributions to subcellular compartmentalization of NAD pools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Nikiforov
- a Institute of Nanobiotechnologies, St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University , St. Petersburg , Russia .,b Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences , St. Petersburg , Russia , and
| | - Veronika Kulikova
- a Institute of Nanobiotechnologies, St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University , St. Petersburg , Russia
| | - Mathias Ziegler
- c Department of Molecular Biology , University of Bergen , Bergen , Norway
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Xu H, Martinoia E, Szabo I. Organellar channels and transporters. Cell Calcium 2015; 58:1-10. [PMID: 25795199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Decades of intensive research have led to the discovery of most plasma membrane ion channels and transporters and the characterization of their physiological functions. In contrast, although over 80% of transport processes occur inside the cells, the ion flux mechanisms across intracellular membranes (the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, endosomes, lysosomes, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and vacuoles) are difficult to investigate and remain poorly understood. Recent technical advances in super-resolution microscopy, organellar electrophysiology, organelle-targeted fluorescence imaging, and organelle proteomics have pushed a large step forward in the research of intracellular ion transport. Many new organellar channels are molecularly identified and electrophysiologically characterized. Additionally, molecular identification of many of these ion channels/transporters has made it possible to study their physiological functions by genetic and pharmacological means. For example, organellar channels have been shown to regulate important cellular processes such as programmed cell death and photosynthesis, and are involved in many different pathologies. This special issue (SI) on organellar channels and transporters aims to provide a forum to discuss the recent advances and to define the standard and open questions in this exciting and rapidly developing field. Along this line, a new Gordon Research Conference dedicated to the multidisciplinary study of intracellular membrane transport proteins will be launched this coming summer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoxing Xu
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, 3089 Natural Science Building (Kraus), 830 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1048, USA.
| | - Enrico Martinoia
- Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zürich, Zollikerstr. 107, CH-8008 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Ildiko Szabo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy; CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|