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Velez-Saboyá CS, Oropeza-Guzman E, Sierra-Valdez FJ, Ruiz-Suárez JC. Ca 2+-mediated enhancement of anesthetic diffusion across phospholipid multilamellar systems. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1863:183509. [PMID: 33189718 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although sharing common properties with other divalent cations, calcium ions induce fine-tuned electrostatic effects essential in many biological processes. Not only related with protein structure or ion channels, calcium is also determinant for other biomolecules such as lipids or even drugs. Cellular membranes are the first interaction barriers for drugs. Depending on their hydrophilic, hydrophobic or amphipathic properties, they have to overcome such barriers to permeate and diffuse through inner lipid bilayers, cells or even tissues. In this context, the role of calcium in the permeation of cationic amphiphilic drugs (CADs) through lipid membranes is not well understood. We combine differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to investigate the effect of Ca2+ on the interlamellar diffusion kinetics of the local anesthetic tetracaine (TTC) in multilamellar artificial membrane systems. Our DSC results show the interesting phenomenon that TTC diffusion can be modified in two different ways in the presence of Ca2+. Furthermore, TTC diffusion exhibits a thermal-dependent membrane interaction in the presence of Ca2+. The FTIR results suggest the presence of ion-dipole interactions between Ca2+ and the carbonyl group of TTC, leading us to hypothesize that Ca2+ destabilizes the hydration shell of TTC, which in turn diffuses deeper into the multilamellar lipid structures. Our results demonstrate the relevance of the Ca2+ ion in the drug permeation and diffusion through lipid bilayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol S Velez-Saboyá
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV) Unidad Monterrey, Apodaca, Nuevo León 66600, Mexico
| | - Eric Oropeza-Guzman
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV) Unidad Monterrey, Apodaca, Nuevo León 66600, Mexico
| | - Francisco J Sierra-Valdez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L. 64849, Mexico
| | - Jesús C Ruiz-Suárez
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV) Unidad Monterrey, Apodaca, Nuevo León 66600, Mexico.
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52
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Yang L, Liang J, Lam SM, Yavuz A, Shui G, Ding M, Huang X. Neuronal lipolysis participates in PUFA-mediated neural function and neurodegeneration. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e50214. [PMID: 33034119 PMCID: PMC7645260 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202050214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are dynamic cytoplasmic organelles present in most eukaryotic cells. The appearance of LDs in neurons is not usually observed under physiological conditions, but is associated with neural diseases. It remains unclear how LD dynamics is regulated in neurons and how the appearance of LDs affects neuronal functions. We discovered that mutations of two key lipolysis genes atgl-1 and lid-1 lead to LD appearance in neurons of Caenorhabditis elegans. This neuronal lipid accumulation protects neurons from hyperactivation-triggered neurodegeneration, with a mild decrease in touch sensation. We also discovered that reduced biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) causes similar effects and synergizes with decreased lipolysis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that these changes in lipolysis and PUFA biosynthesis increase PUFA partitioning toward triacylglycerol, and reduced incorporation of PUFAs into phospholipids increases neuronal protection. Together, these results suggest the crucial role of neuronal lipolysis in cell-autonomous regulation of neural functions and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental BiologyInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina,Present address:
Vector CoreChinese Institute for Brain ResearchBeijingChina
| | - Jingjing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental BiologyInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Sin Man Lam
- LipidAll Technologies Co., Ltd.ChangzhouChina
| | - Ahmet Yavuz
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsHuffington Center on AgingHoward Hughes Medical InstituteBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Guanghou Shui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental BiologyInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Mei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental BiologyInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental BiologyInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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53
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Buyan A, Cox CD, Barnoud J, Li J, Chan HSM, Martinac B, Marrink SJ, Corry B. Piezo1 Forms Specific, Functionally Important Interactions with Phosphoinositides and Cholesterol. Biophys J 2020; 119:1683-1697. [PMID: 32949489 PMCID: PMC7642233 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Touch, hearing, and blood pressure regulation require mechanically gated ion channels that convert mechanical stimuli into electrical currents. One such channel is Piezo1, which plays a key role in the transduction of mechanical stimuli in humans and is implicated in diseases, such as xerocytosis and lymphatic dysplasia. There is building evidence that suggests Piezo1 can be regulated by the membrane environment, with the activity of the channel determined by the local concentration of lipids, such as cholesterol and phosphoinositides. To better understand the interaction of Piezo1 with its environment, we conduct simulations of the protein in a complex mammalian bilayer containing more than 60 different lipid types together with electrophysiology and mutagenesis experiments. We find that the protein alters its local membrane composition, enriching specific lipids and forming essential binding sites for phosphoinositides and cholesterol that are functionally relevant and often related to Piezo1-mediated pathologies. We also identify a number of key structural connections between the propeller and pore domains located close to lipid-binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Buyan
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, Australia
| | - Charles D Cox
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, New South Wales, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Jonathan Barnoud
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jinyuan Li
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hannah S M Chan
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, Australia
| | - Boris Martinac
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, New South Wales, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Siewert J Marrink
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ben Corry
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, Australia.
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54
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Chamoli M, Goyala A, Tabrez SS, Siddiqui AA, Singh A, Antebi A, Lithgow GJ, Watts JL, Mukhopadhyay A. Polyunsaturated fatty acids and p38-MAPK link metabolic reprogramming to cytoprotective gene expression during dietary restriction. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4865. [PMID: 32978396 PMCID: PMC7519657 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18690-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic state of an organism instructs gene expression modalities, leading to changes in complex life history traits, such as longevity. Dietary restriction (DR), which positively affects health and life span across species, leads to metabolic reprogramming that enhances utilisation of fatty acids for energy generation. One direct consequence of this metabolic shift is the upregulation of cytoprotective (CyTP) genes categorized in the Gene Ontology (GO) term of "Xenobiotic Detoxification Program" (XDP). How an organism senses metabolic changes during nutritional stress to alter gene expression programs is less known. Here, using a genetic model of DR, we show that the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially linoleic acid (LA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), are increased following DR and these PUFAs are able to activate the CyTP genes. This activation of CyTP genes is mediated by the conserved p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK) pathway. Consequently, genes of the PUFA biosynthesis and p38-MAPK pathway are required for multiple paradigms of DR-mediated longevity, suggesting conservation of mechanism. Thus, our study shows that PUFAs and p38-MAPK pathway function downstream of DR to help communicate the metabolic state of an organism to regulate expression of CyTP genes, ensuring extended life span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Chamoli
- Molecular Aging Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd., Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Anita Goyala
- Molecular Aging Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Syed Shamsh Tabrez
- Molecular Aging Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
- Department of Molecular Genetics of Ageing, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Atif Ahmed Siddiqui
- Molecular Aging Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Anupama Singh
- Molecular Aging Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Adam Antebi
- Department of Molecular Genetics of Ageing, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, 50931, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Gordon J Lithgow
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd., Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Jennifer L Watts
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-7520, USA
| | - Arnab Mukhopadhyay
- Molecular Aging Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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55
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Solari E, Marcozzi C, Bistoletti M, Baj A, Giaroni C, Negrini D, Moriondo A. TRPV4 channels' dominant role in the temperature modulation of intrinsic contractility and lymph flow of rat diaphragmatic lymphatics. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 319:H507-H518. [PMID: 32706268 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00175.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The lymphatic system drains and propels lymph by extrinsic and intrinsic mechanisms. Intrinsic propulsion depends upon spontaneous rhythmic contractions of lymphatic muscles in the vessel walls and is critically affected by changes in the surrounding tissue like osmolarity and temperature. Lymphatics of the diaphragm display a steep change in contraction frequency in response to changes in temperature, and this, in turn, affects lymph flow. In the present work, we demonstrated in an ex vivo diaphragmatic tissue rat model that diaphragmatic lymphatics express transient receptor potential channels of the vanilloid 4 subfamily (TRPV4) and that their blockade by both the nonselective antagonist Ruthenium Red and the selective antagonist HC-067047 abolished the response of lymphatics to temperature changes. Moreover, the selective activation of TRPV4 channels by means of GSK1016790A mirrored the behavior of vessels exposed to increasing temperatures, pointing out the critical role played by these channels in sensing the temperature of the lymphatic vessels' environment and thus inducing a change in contraction frequency and lymph flow.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The present work addresses the putative receptor system that enables diaphragmatic lymphatics to change intrinsic contraction frequency and thus lymph flow according to the changes in temperature of the surrounding environment, showing that this role can be sustained by TRPV4 channels alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Solari
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Cristiana Marcozzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Michela Bistoletti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Andreina Baj
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Cristina Giaroni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Daniela Negrini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Andrea Moriondo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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56
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Functional expression of Δ12 fatty acid desaturase modulates thermoregulatory behaviour in Drosophila. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11798. [PMID: 32678126 PMCID: PMC7366712 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68601-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play crucial roles in adaptation to cold environments in a wide variety of animals and plants. However, the mechanisms by which PUFAs affect thermoregulatory behaviour remain elusive. Thus, we investigated the roles of PUFAs in thermoregulatory behaviour of Drosophila melanogaster. To this end, we generated transgenic flies expressing Caenorhabditis elegans Δ12 fatty acid desaturase (FAT-2), which converts mono-unsaturated fatty acids to PUFAs such as linoleic acid [C18:2 (n-6)] and linolenic acid [C18:3 (n-3)]. Neuron-specific expression of FAT-2 using the GAL4/UAS expression system led to increased contents of C18:2 (n-6)-containing phospholipids in central nerve system (CNS) and caused significant decreases in preferred temperature of third instar larvae. In genetic screening and calcium imaging analyses of thermoreceptor-expressing neurons, we demonstrated that ectopic expression of FAT-2 in TRPA1-expressing neurons led to decreases in preferred temperature by modulating neuronal activity. We conclude that functional expression of FAT-2 in a subset of neurons changes the thermoregulatory behaviour of D. melanogaster, likely by modulating quantities of PUFA-containing phospholipids in neuronal cell membranes.
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57
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Romero LO, Caires R, Nickolls AR, Chesler AT, Cordero-Morales JF, Vásquez V. A dietary fatty acid counteracts neuronal mechanical sensitization. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2997. [PMID: 32561714 PMCID: PMC7305179 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16816-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PIEZO2 is the essential transduction channel for touch discrimination, vibration, and proprioception. Mice and humans lacking Piezo2 experience severe mechanosensory and proprioceptive deficits and fail to develop tactile allodynia. Bradykinin, a proalgesic agent released during inflammation, potentiates PIEZO2 activity. Molecules that decrease PIEZO2 function could reduce heightened touch responses during inflammation. Here, we find that the dietary fatty acid margaric acid (MA) decreases PIEZO2 function in a dose-dependent manner. Chimera analyses demonstrate that the PIEZO2 beam is a key region tuning MA-mediated channel inhibition. MA reduces neuronal action potential firing elicited by mechanical stimuli in mice and rat neurons and counteracts PIEZO2 sensitization by bradykinin. Finally, we demonstrate that this saturated fatty acid decreases PIEZO2 currents in touch neurons derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Our findings report on a natural product that inhibits PIEZO2 function and counteracts neuronal mechanical sensitization and reveal a key region for channel inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis O Romero
- 71S. Manassas St. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38103, USA
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Graduate Health Sciences, Memphis, TN, 38103, USA
| | - Rebeca Caires
- 71S. Manassas St. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38103, USA
| | - Alec R Nickolls
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Alexander T Chesler
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Julio F Cordero-Morales
- 71S. Manassas St. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38103, USA.
| | - Valeria Vásquez
- 71S. Manassas St. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38103, USA.
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58
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Harayama T, Shimizu T. Roles of polyunsaturated fatty acids, from mediators to membranes. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:1150-1160. [PMID: 32487545 PMCID: PMC7397749 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r120000800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PUFAs, such as AA and DHA, are recognized as important biomolecules, but understanding their precise roles and modes of action remains challenging. PUFAs are precursors for a plethora of signaling lipids, for which knowledge about synthetic pathways and receptors has accumulated. However, due to their extreme diversity and the ambiguity concerning the identity of their cognate receptors, the roles of PUFA-derived signaling lipids require more investigation. In addition, PUFA functions cannot be explained just as lipid mediator precursors because they are also critical for the regulation of membrane biophysical properties. The presence of PUFAs in membrane lipids also affects the functions of transmembrane proteins and peripheral membrane proteins. Although the roles of PUFAs as membrane lipid building blocks were difficult to analyze, the discovery of lysophospholipid acyltransferases (LPLATs), which are critical for their incorporation, advanced our understanding. Recent studies unveiled how LPLATs affect PUFA levels in membrane lipids, and their genetic manipulation became an excellent strategy to study the roles of PUFA-containing lipids. In this review, we will provide an overview of metabolic pathways regulating PUFAs as lipid mediator precursors and membrane components and update recent progress about their functions. Some issues to be solved for future research will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Harayama
- Department of Biochemistry and National Centre of Competence in Research in Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Takao Shimizu
- Department of Lipid Signaling, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan and Department of Lipidomics, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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59
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Rosenbaum T, Benítez-Angeles M, Sánchez-Hernández R, Morales-Lázaro SL, Hiriart M, Morales-Buenrostro LE, Torres-Quiroz F. TRPV4: A Physio and Pathophysiologically Significant Ion Channel. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113837. [PMID: 32481620 PMCID: PMC7312103 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels are a family of ion channels whose members are distributed among all kinds of animals, from invertebrates to vertebrates. The importance of these molecules is exemplified by the variety of physiological roles they play. Perhaps, the most extensively studied member of this family is the TRPV1 ion channel; nonetheless, the activity of TRPV4 has been associated to several physio and pathophysiological processes, and its dysfunction can lead to severe consequences. Several lines of evidence derived from animal models and even clinical trials in humans highlight TRPV4 as a therapeutic target and as a protein that will receive even more attention in the near future, as will be reviewed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Rosenbaum
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.B.-A.); (R.S.-H.); (S.L.M.-L.); (M.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-555-622-56-24; Fax: +52-555-622-56-07
| | - Miguel Benítez-Angeles
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.B.-A.); (R.S.-H.); (S.L.M.-L.); (M.H.)
| | - Raúl Sánchez-Hernández
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.B.-A.); (R.S.-H.); (S.L.M.-L.); (M.H.)
| | - Sara Luz Morales-Lázaro
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.B.-A.); (R.S.-H.); (S.L.M.-L.); (M.H.)
| | - Marcia Hiriart
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.B.-A.); (R.S.-H.); (S.L.M.-L.); (M.H.)
| | - Luis Eduardo Morales-Buenrostro
- Departamento de Nefrología y Metabolismo Mineral, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Francisco Torres-Quiroz
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Estructural, División Investigación Básica, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
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60
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Loehfelm A, Elder MK, Boucsein A, Jones PP, Williams JM, Tups A. Docosahexaenoic acid prevents palmitate-induced insulin-dependent impairments of neuronal health. FASEB J 2020; 34:4635-4652. [PMID: 32030816 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902517r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The importance of fatty acids (FAs) for healthy brain development and function has become more evident in the past decades. However, most studies focus on the hypothalamus as an important FA-sensing brain region involved in energy homeostasis. Less work has been done to evaluate the effects of FAs on brain regions such as the hippocampus or cortex, two important centres of learning, memory formation, and cognition. Furthermore, the mechanisms of how FAs modulate the neuronal development and function are incompletely understood. Therefore, this study examined the effects of the saturated FA palmitic acid (PA) and the polyunsaturated FA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on primary hippocampal and cortical cultures isolated from P0/P1 Sprague Dawley rat pups. Exposure to PA, but not DHA, resulted in severe morphological changes in primary neurons such as cell body swelling, axonal and dendritic blebbing, and a reduction in synaptic innervation, compromising healthy cell function and excitability. Pharmacological assessment revealed that the PA-mediated alterations were caused by overactivation of neuronal insulin signaling, demonstrated by insulin stimulation and phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibition. Remarkably, co-exposure to DHA prevented all PA-induced morphological changes. This work provides new insights into how FAs can affect the cytoskeletal rearrangements and neuronal function via modulation of insulin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Loehfelm
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Megan K Elder
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Alisa Boucsein
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Peter P Jones
- Department of Physiology and HeartOtago, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Joanna M Williams
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Alexander Tups
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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61
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Vásquez V. Using C. elegans to Study the Effects of Toxins in Sensory Ion Channels In Vivo. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2068:225-238. [PMID: 31576531 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9845-6_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans is a powerful animal model in which transgenesis, behavior, and physiology can be merged to study in vivo the effect of natural and synthetic agonists in sensory ion channels. Worms have polymodal sensory neurons (like the ASH pair) that couple ion channel activation with a robust and easily scorable aversive-like behavior. We expressed the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel from rat (r) in worms' ASH neurons and determined its sensitivity to the tarantula double-knot toxin (DkTx) and the active component of chili peppers (capsaicin). This chapter describes protocols for generating and maintaining transgenic rTRPV1 worms to determine dose-dependent behavior. The goal is to provide an efficient tool to characterize the function of sensory channels (wild type and mutants) in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Vásquez
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
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62
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Chen YL, Sonkusare SK. Endothelial TRPV4 channels and vasodilator reactivity. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2020; 85:89-117. [PMID: 32402646 PMCID: PMC9748413 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) ion channels on the endothelial cell membrane are widely regarded as a crucial Ca2+ influx pathway that promotes endothelium-dependent vasodilation. The downstream vasodilatory targets of endothelial TRPV4 channels vary among different vascular beds, potentially contributing to endothelial cell heterogeneity. Although numerous studies have examined the role of endothelial TRPV4 channels using specific pharmacological tools over the past decade, their physiological significance remains unclear, mainly due to a lack of endothelium-specific knockouts. Moreover, the loss of endothelium-dependent vasodilation is a significant contributor to vascular dysfunction in cardiovascular disease. The activity of endothelial TRPV4 channels is impaired in cardiovascular disease; therefore, strategies targeting the mechanisms that reduce endothelial TRPV4 channel activity may restore vascular function and provide therapeutic benefit. In this chapter, we discuss endothelial TRPV4 channel-dependent signaling mechanisms, the heterogeneity in endogenous activators and targets of endothelial TRPV4 channels, and the role of endothelial TRPV4 channels in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. We also discuss potentially interesting future research directions that may provide novel insights into the physiological and pathological roles of endothelial TRPV4 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Lin Chen
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia-School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Swapnil K. Sonkusare
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia-School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia-School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States,Corresponding author:
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63
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Nikolaev YA, Cox CD, Ridone P, Rohde PR, Cordero-Morales JF, Vásquez V, Laver DR, Martinac B. Mammalian TRP ion channels are insensitive to membrane stretch. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs238360. [PMID: 31722978 PMCID: PMC6918743 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.238360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
TRP channels of the transient receptor potential ion channel superfamily are involved in a wide variety of mechanosensory processes, including touch sensation, pain, blood pressure regulation, bone loading and detection of cerebrospinal fluid flow. However, in many instances it is unclear whether TRP channels are the primary transducers of mechanical force in these processes. In this study, we tested stretch activation of eleven TRP channels from six mammalian subfamilies. We found that these TRP channels were insensitive to short membrane stretches in cellular systems. Furthermore, we purified TRPC6 and demonstrated its insensitivity to stretch in liposomes, an artificial bilayer system free from cellular components. Additionally, we demonstrated that, when expressed in C. elegans neurons, mouse TRPC6 restores the mechanoresponse of a touch insensitive mutant but requires diacylglycerol for activation. These results strongly suggest that the mammalian members of the TRP ion channel family are insensitive to tension induced by cell membrane stretching and, thus, are more likely to be activated by cytoplasmic tethers or downstream components and to act as amplifiers of cellular mechanosensory signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury A Nikolaev
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney 2010, Australia
- Human Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle 2308, Australia
| | - Charles D Cox
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney 2010, Australia
| | - Pietro Ridone
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney 2010, Australia
| | - Paul R Rohde
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney 2010, Australia
| | - Julio F Cordero-Morales
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis 38163, USA
| | - Valeria Vásquez
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis 38163, USA
| | - Derek R Laver
- Human Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle 2308, Australia
| | - Boris Martinac
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney 2010, Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
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64
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Fiorin G, Marinelli F, Faraldo-Gómez JD. Direct Derivation of Free Energies of Membrane Deformation and Other Solvent Density Variations From Enhanced Sampling Molecular Dynamics. J Comput Chem 2019; 41:449-459. [PMID: 31602694 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We report a methodology to calculate the free energy of a shape transformation in a lipid membrane directly from a molecular dynamics simulation. The bilayer need not be homogeneous or symmetric and can be atomically detailed or coarse grained. The method is based on a collective variable that quantifies the similarity between the membrane and a set of predefined density distributions. Enhanced sampling of this "Multi-Map" variable re-shapes the bilayer and permits the derivation of the corresponding potential of mean force. Calculated energies thus reflect the dynamic interplay of atoms and molecules, rather than postulated effects. Evaluation of deformations of different shape, amplitude, and range demonstrates that the macroscopic bending modulus assumed by the Helfrich-Canham model is increasingly unsuitable below the 100-Å scale. In this range of major biological significance, direct free-energy calculations reveal a much greater plasticity. We also quantify the stiffening effect of cholesterol on bilayers of different composition and compare with experiments. Lastly, we illustrate how this approach facilitates analysis of other solvent reorganization processes, such as hydrophobic hydration. Published 2019. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Fiorin
- Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland, 20814
| | - Fabrizio Marinelli
- Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland, 20814
| | - José D Faraldo-Gómez
- Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland, 20814
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65
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TRPV4 expresses in bone cell lineages and TRPV4-R616Q mutant causing Brachyolmia in human reveals “loss-of-interaction” with cholesterol. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 517:566-574. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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66
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Dietary Strategies for Weight Loss Maintenance. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081916. [PMID: 31443231 PMCID: PMC6722715 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Weight regain after a successful weight loss intervention is very common. Most studies show that, on average, the weight loss attained during a weight loss intervention period is not or is not fully maintained during follow-up. We review what is currently known about dietary strategies for weight loss maintenance, focusing on nutrient composition by means of a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies and discuss other potential strategies that have not been studied so far. Twenty-one studies with 2875 participants who were overweight or obese are included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Studies investigate increased protein intake (12 studies), lower dietary glycemic index (four studies), green tea (three studies), conjugated linoleic acid (three studies), higher fibre intake (three studies), and other miscellaneous interventions (six studies). The meta-analysis shows a significant beneficial effect of higher protein intake on the prevention of weight regain (SMD (standardized mean difference) -0.17 (95% CI -0.29, -0.05), z = 2.80, p = 0.005), without evidence for heterogeneity among the included studies. No significant effect of the other strategies is detected. Diets that combine higher protein intake with different other potentially beneficial strategies, such as anti-inflammatory or anti-insulinemic diets, may have more robust effects, but these have not been tested in randomized clinical trials yet.
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67
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Zhang ZM, Wu XL, Zhang GY, Ma X, He DX. Functional food development: Insights from TRP channels. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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68
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Abstract
One of the biggest challenges in the management of obesity is the prevention of weight regain after successful weight loss. Weight regain after weight loss has large interindividual variation. Although many factors probably contribute to this variation, we hypothesize that variability in biological responses associated with weight loss-induced shrinking of subcutaneous adipocytes has an important role. In this Review, we show that weight loss-induced variations in cellular stress, extracellular matrix remodelling, inflammatory responses, adipokine secretion and lipolysis seem to be associated with the amount of weight that is regained after successful weight loss. Weight regain could therefore, at least in part, depend on a combination of these factors. Further research on the causality of these associations could aid the development of effective strategies to prevent weight regain after successful weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marleen A van Baak
- NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
| | - Edwin C M Mariman
- NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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69
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Romero LO, Massey AE, Mata-Daboin AD, Sierra-Valdez FJ, Chauhan SC, Cordero-Morales JF, Vásquez V. Dietary fatty acids fine-tune Piezo1 mechanical response. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1200. [PMID: 30867417 PMCID: PMC6416271 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09055-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanosensitive ion channels rely on membrane composition to transduce physical stimuli into electrical signals. The Piezo1 channel mediates mechanoelectrical transduction and regulates crucial physiological processes, including vascular architecture and remodeling, cell migration, and erythrocyte volume. The identity of the membrane components that modulate Piezo1 function remain largely unknown. Using lipid profiling analyses, we here identify dietary fatty acids that tune Piezo1 mechanical response. We find that margaric acid, a saturated fatty acid present in dairy products and fish, inhibits Piezo1 activation and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), present in fish oils, modulate channel inactivation. Force measurements reveal that margaric acid increases membrane bending stiffness, whereas PUFAs decrease it. We use fatty acid supplementation to abrogate the phenotype of gain-of-function Piezo1 mutations causing human dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis. Beyond Piezo1, our findings demonstrate that cell-intrinsic lipid profile and changes in the fatty acid metabolism can dictate the cell's response to mechanical cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis O Romero
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 71S. Manassas St., Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Andrew E Massey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Institute of Biomarker and Molecular Therapeutics (IBMT), College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Ave., Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Alejandro D Mata-Daboin
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 71S. Manassas St., Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Francisco J Sierra-Valdez
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 71S. Manassas St., Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Zambrano Hellion, TecSalud, Ave. Batallon de San Patricio 112, 66278, San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León, Mexico
- Tecnólogico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, 64849, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Institute of Biomarker and Molecular Therapeutics (IBMT), College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Ave., Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Julio F Cordero-Morales
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 71S. Manassas St., Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Valeria Vásquez
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 71S. Manassas St., Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
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70
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Ishihara T, Yoshida M, Arita M. Omega-3 fatty acid-derived mediators that control inflammation and tissue homeostasis. Int Immunol 2019; 31:559-567. [DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxz001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractOmega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, display a wide range of beneficial effects in humans and animals. Many of the biological functions of PUFAs are mediated via bioactive metabolites produced by fatty acid oxygenases such as cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry-based mediator lipidomics revealed a series of novel bioactive lipid mediators derived from omega-3 PUFAs. Here, we describe recent advances on omega-3 PUFA-derived mediators, mainly focusing on their enzymatic oxygenation pathway, and their biological functions in controlling inflammation and tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Ishihara
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mio Yoshida
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Arita
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Cellular and Molecular Epigenetics Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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71
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Harasymowicz NS, Dicks A, Wu CL, Guilak F. Physiologic and pathologic effects of dietary free fatty acids on cells of the joint. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1440:36-53. [PMID: 30648276 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) are potent organic compounds that not only can be used as an energy source during nutrient deprivation but are also involved in several essential signaling cascades in cells. Therefore, a balanced intake of different dietary FAs is critical for the maintenance of cellular functions and tissue homeostasis. A diet with an imbalanced fat composition creates a risk for developing metabolic syndrome and various musculoskeletal diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA). In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge and mechanistic insights regarding the role of dietary FAs, such as saturated FAs, omega-6 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs), and omega-3 PUFAs on joint inflammation and OA pathogeneses. In particular, we review how different types of dietary FAs and their derivatives distinctly affect a variety of cells within the joint, including chondrocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and synoviocytes. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of FAs on metabolic behavior, anabolic, and catabolic processes, as well as the inflammatory response of joint cells, may help identify therapeutic targets for the prevention of metabolic joint diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia S Harasymowicz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri.,Shriners Hospitals for Children-St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Amanda Dicks
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri.,Shriners Hospitals for Children-St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Chia-Lung Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri.,Shriners Hospitals for Children-St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri.,Shriners Hospitals for Children-St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
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72
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Ruiz M, Bodhicharla R, Svensk E, Devkota R, Busayavalasa K, Palmgren H, Ståhlman M, Boren J, Pilon M. Membrane fluidity is regulated by the C. elegans transmembrane protein FLD-1 and its human homologs TLCD1/2. eLife 2018; 7:e40686. [PMID: 30509349 PMCID: PMC6279351 DOI: 10.7554/elife.40686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary fatty acids are the main building blocks for cell membranes in animals, and mechanisms must therefore exist that compensate for dietary variations. We isolated C. elegans mutants that improved tolerance to dietary saturated fat in a sensitized genetic background, including eight alleles of the novel gene fld-1 that encodes a homolog of the human TLCD1 and TLCD2 transmembrane proteins. FLD-1 is localized on plasma membranes and acts by limiting the levels of highly membrane-fluidizing long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing phospholipids. Human TLCD1/2 also regulate membrane fluidity by limiting the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing membrane phospholipids. FLD-1 and TLCD1/2 do not regulate the synthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids but rather limit their incorporation into phospholipids. We conclude that inhibition of FLD-1 or TLCD1/2 prevents lipotoxicity by allowing increased levels of membrane phospholipids that contain fluidizing long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Editorial note This article has been through an editorial process in which the authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that all the issues have been addressed (see decision letter).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Ruiz
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Rakesh Bodhicharla
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Emma Svensk
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Ranjan Devkota
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Kiran Busayavalasa
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Henrik Palmgren
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Diabetes Bioscience, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech UnitAstraZenecaGothenburgSweden
| | - Marcus Ståhlman
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of MedicineUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Jan Boren
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of MedicineUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Marc Pilon
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
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73
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Theodorou K, Boon RA. Endothelial Cell Metabolism in Atherosclerosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2018; 6:82. [PMID: 30131957 PMCID: PMC6090045 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis and its sequelae, such as myocardial infarction and stroke, are the leading cause of death worldwide. Vascular endothelial cells (EC) play a critical role in vascular homeostasis and disease. Atherosclerosis as well as its independent risk factors including diabetes, obesity, and aging, are hallmarked by endothelial activation and dysfunction. Metabolic pathways have emerged as key regulators of many EC functions, including angiogenesis, inflammation, and barrier function, processes which are deregulated during atherogenesis. In this review, we highlight the role of glucose, fatty acid, and amino acid metabolism in EC functions during physiological and pathological states, specifically atherosclerosis, diabetes, obesity and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosta Theodorou
- Centre of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Reinier A Boon
- Centre of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Partner Site Rhine-Main, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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74
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Cordero-Morales JF, Vásquez V. How lipids contribute to ion channel function, a fat perspective on direct and indirect interactions. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2018; 51:92-98. [PMID: 29602157 PMCID: PMC6162190 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Membrane lipid composition and remodeling influence the function of ion channels. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their derivatives modulate ion channel function; whether this effect occurs directly by binding to the protein or indirectly through alteration of membranes' mechanical properties has been difficult to distinguish. There are a large number of studies addressing the effect of fatty acids; recent structural and functional analyses have identified binding sites and provided further evidence for the role of the plasma membrane in ion channel function. Here, we review cation channels that do not share a common topology or lipid-binding signature sequence, but for which there are recent compelling data that support both direct and indirect modulation by PUFAs or their derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio F Cordero-Morales
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Valeria Vásquez
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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75
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Okyere A, Bishoff D, Oyaro MO, Ajami NJ, Darkoh C. Analysis of Fish Commonly Sold in Local Supermarkets Reveals the Presence of Pathogenic and Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Communities. Microbiol Insights 2018; 11:1178636118786925. [PMID: 30038503 PMCID: PMC6052494 DOI: 10.1177/1178636118786925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish has been an important source of proteins, essential vitamins, and low saturated fats for centuries. However, improperly handled fish can expose consumers to infectious bacteria, including difficult to treat multidrug-resistant pathogens. With the goal to investigate the existence of disease-causing and antibiotic-resistant bacteria, we examined bacterial communities present on various types of fish purchased from supermarkets in Houston, Texas, USA. The bacterial communities were characterized by selective phenotypic culture methods, 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, and antibiotic susceptibility testing. The results revealed the presence of different bacterial communities on the fish samples examined. The bacterial communities were not significantly different between the supermarkets sampled. The following presumptive human pathogens were isolated on the fish samples: Escherichia coli (67%), enterohemorrhagic E. coli (31%), Shigella and Salmonella species (28%), Listeria species (29%), and Staphylococcus aureus (28%). Drug sensitivity assays showed resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and vancomycin. Out of a total of 99 E. coli samples tested, 41.4% were resistant to ciprofloxacin, whereas 33.3% were resistant to gentamicin. Of the total of 31 S. aureus isolates tested, 87% were resistant to ciprofloxacin, whereas 61.3% were resistant to vancomycin. Moreover, some of the E. coli strains were resistant to both ciprofloxacin and gentamicin (28%), whereas 49% of the S. aureus isolates were resistant to both ciprofloxacin and vancomycin. These results highlight the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant foodborne pathogens on fish purchased from the supermarkets and underscore the risk associated with improper handling of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ama Okyere
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dayna Bishoff
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Micah O Oyaro
- School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Nadim J Ajami
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Charles Darkoh
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Program, MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
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76
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Walewska A, Kulawiak B, Szewczyk A, Koprowski P. Mechanosensitivity of mitochondrial large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2018; 1859:797-805. [PMID: 29775559 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Potassium channels have been discovered in the inner mitochondrial membrane of various cells. These channels can regulate the mitochondrial membrane potential, the matrix volume, respiration and reactive species generation. Therefore, it is believed that their activation is cytoprotective in various tissues. In our study, the single-channel activity of a large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (mitoBKCa) was measured by the patch-clamp technique on mitoplasts derived from mitochondria isolated from human glioma U-87 MG cells. Here, we show for the first time that mechanical stimulation of mitoBKCa channels results in an increased probability of channel opening. However, the mechanosensitivity of mitoBKCa channels was variable with some channels exhibiting no mechanosensitivity. We detected the expression of mechanosensitive BKCa-STREX exon in U-87 MG cells and hypotesize, based on previous studies demonstrating the presence of multiple BKCa splice variants that variable mechanosensitivity of mitoBKCa could be the result of the presence of diverse BKCa isoforms in mitochondria of U-87 MG cells. Our findings indicate the possible involvement of the mitoBKCa channel in mitochondria activities in which changes in membrane tension and shape play a crucial role, such as fusion/fission and cristae remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Walewska
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bogusz Kulawiak
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Szewczyk
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Koprowski
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
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77
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Servin-Vences MR, Richardson J, Lewin GR, Poole K. Mechanoelectrical transduction in chondrocytes. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2018; 45:481-488. [PMID: 29359488 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cartilage tissue lines the joints of mammals, helping to lubricate joint movement and distribute mechanical loads. This tissue is comprised of isolated cells known as chondrocytes which are embedded in an extracellular matrix. Chondrocytes produce and maintain the cartilage by sensing and responding to changing mechanical loads. Mechanosensitive ion channels have been implicated in chondrocyte mechanotransduction and recent studies have shown that both PIEZO1 and TRPV4 can be activated by mechanical stimuli in these cells. The 2 channels mediate separate but overlapping mechanoelectrical transduction pathways, PIEZO1 in response to stretch and substrate deflections and TRPV4 in response to substrate deflections alone. These distinct pathways of mechanoelectrical transduction suggest a mechanism by which chondrocytes can distinguish between different stimuli that arise in their complex mechanical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica Richardson
- School of Medical Sciences, EMBL Australia node for Single Molecule Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gary R Lewin
- Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Department Neuroscience, Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Kate Poole
- School of Medical Sciences, EMBL Australia node for Single Molecule Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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78
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