51
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Robinson M, Fraser I, McKee E, Scheck K, Chang L, Willerth SM. Transdifferentiating Astrocytes Into Neurons Using ASCL1 Functionalized With a Novel Intracellular Protein Delivery Technology. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:173. [PMID: 30525033 PMCID: PMC6258721 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular transdifferentiation changes mature cells from one phenotype into another by altering their gene expression patterns. Manipulating expression of transcription factors, proteins that bind to DNA promoter regions, regulates the levels of key developmental genes. Viral delivery of transcription factors can efficiently reprogram somatic cells, but this method possesses undesirable side effects, including mutations leading to oncogenesis. Using protein transduction domains (PTDs) fused to transcription factors to deliver exogenous transcription factors serves as an alternative strategy that avoids the issues associated with DNA integration into the host genome. However, lysosomal degradation and inefficient nuclear localization pose significant barriers when performing PTD-mediated reprogramming. Here, we investigate a novel PTD by placing a secretion signal sequence next to a cleavage inhibition sequence at the end of the target transcription factor–achaete scute homolog 1 (ASCL1), a powerful regulator of neurogenesis, resulting in superior stability and nuclear localization. A fusion protein consisting of the amino acid sequence of ASCL1 transcription factor with this novel PTD added can transdifferentiate cerebral cortex astrocytes into neurons. Additionally, we show that the synergistic action of certain small molecules improves the efficiency of the transdifferentiation process. This study serves as the first step toward developing a clinically relevant in vivo transdifferentiation strategy for converting astrocytes into neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Robinson
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Ian Fraser
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.,Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Emily McKee
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Kali Scheck
- Biology Program, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Lillian Chang
- Biochemistry Program, Bates College, Lewiston, ME, United States
| | - Stephanie M Willerth
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.,Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.,Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.,Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.,International Collaboration for Repair Discovery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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52
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Papadopoulou LC, Ingendoh-Tsakmakidis A, Mpoutoureli CN, Tzikalou LD, Spyridou ED, Gavriilidis GI, Kaiafas GC, Ntaska AT, Vlachaki E, Panayotou G, Samiotaki M, Tsiftsoglou AS. Production and Transduction of a Human Recombinant β-Globin Chain into Proerythroid K-562 Cells To Replace Missing Endogenous β-Globin. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:5665-5677. [PMID: 30375878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Protein replacement therapy (PRT) has been applied to treat severe monogenetic/metabolic disorders characterized by a protein deficiency. In disorders where an intracellular protein is missing, PRT is not easily feasible due to the inability of proteins to cross the cell membrane. Instead, gene therapy has been applied, although still with limited success. β-Thalassemias are severe congenital hemoglobinopathies, characterized by deficiency or reduced production of the adult β-globin chain. The resulting imbalance of α-/β-globin chains of adult hemoglobin (α2β2) leads to precipitation of unpaired α-globin chains and, eventually, to defective erythropoiesis. Since protein transduction domain (PTD) technology has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach, we produced a human recombinant β-globin chain in fusion with the TAT peptide and successfully transduced it into human proerythroid K-562 cells, deficient in mature β-globin chain. Notably, the produced human recombinant β-globin chain without the TAT peptide, used as internal negative control, failed to be transduced into K-562 cells under similar conditions. In silico studies complemented by SDS-PAGE, Western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation and LC-MS/MS analysis indicated that the transduced recombinant fusion TAT-β-globin protein interacts with the endogenous native α-like globins to form hemoglobin α2β2-like tetramers to a limited extent. Our findings provide evidence that recombinant TAT-β-globin is transmissible into proerythroid K-562 cells and can be potentially considered as an alternative protein therapeutic approach for β-thalassemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lefkothea C Papadopoulou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki 54124 , Macedonia , Greece
| | - Alexandra Ingendoh-Tsakmakidis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki 54124 , Macedonia , Greece
| | - Christina N Mpoutoureli
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki 54124 , Macedonia , Greece
| | - Lamprini D Tzikalou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki 54124 , Macedonia , Greece
| | - Efthymia D Spyridou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki 54124 , Macedonia , Greece
| | - George I Gavriilidis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki 54124 , Macedonia , Greece
| | - Georgios C Kaiafas
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki 54124 , Macedonia , Greece
| | - Agoritsa T Ntaska
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki 54124 , Macedonia , Greece
| | - Efthymia Vlachaki
- Adult Thalassemia Unit , Hippokrateion General Hospital , Thessaloniki 54642 , Greece
| | | | | | - Asterios S Tsiftsoglou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki 54124 , Macedonia , Greece
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53
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Singh T, Murthy ASN, Yang HJ, Im J. Versatility of cell-penetrating peptides for intracellular delivery of siRNA. Drug Deliv 2018; 25:1996-2006. [PMID: 30799658 PMCID: PMC6319457 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1543366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasma membrane is a large barrier to systemic drug delivery into cells, and it limits the efficacy of drug cargo. This issue has been overcome using cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). CPPs are short peptides (6-30 amino acid residues) that are potentially capable of intracellular penetration to deliver drug molecules. CPPs broadened biomedical applications and provide a means to deliver a range of biologically active molecules, such as small molecules, proteins, imaging agents, and pharmaceutical nanocarriers, across the plasma membrane with high efficacy and low toxicity. This review is focused on the versatility of CPPs and advanced approaches for siRNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejinder Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Akula S. N. Murthy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungkyun Im
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
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54
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Yeo H, Yeo EJ, Shin MJ, Choi YJ, Lee CH, Kwon HY, Kim DW, Eum WS, Choi SY. Protective effects of Tat-DJ-1 protein against streptozotocin-induced diabetes in a mice model. BMB Rep 2018; 51:362-367. [PMID: 29936932 PMCID: PMC6089872 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2018.51.7.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A major feature of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is hyperglycemia and dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells. In a previous study, we have shown that Tat-DJ-1 protein inhibits pancreatic RINm5F β-cell death caused by oxidative stress. In this study, we examined effects of Tat-DJ-1 protein on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Wild type (WT) Tat-DJ-1 protein transduced into pancreas where it markedly inhibited pancreatic β-cell destruction and regulated levels of serum parameters including insulin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and free fatty acid (FFA) secretion. In addition, transduced WT Tat-DJ-1 protein significantly inhibited the activation of NF-κB and MAPK (ERK and p38) expression as well as expression of COX-2 and iNOS in STZ exposed pancreas. In contrast, treatment with C106A mutant Tat-DJ-1 protein showed no protective effects. Collectively, our results indicate that WT Tat-DJ-1 protein can significantly ameliorate pancreatic tissues in STZ-induced diabetes in mice. [BMB Reports 2018; 51(7): 362-367].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Eun Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Min Jea Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Yeon Joo Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Chi Hern Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Hyeok Yil Kwon
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Korea
| | - Won Sik Eum
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
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55
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Jeon BN, Kim HR, Chung YS, Na BR, Park H, Hong C, Fatima Y, Oh H, Kim CH, Jun CD. Actin stabilizer TAGLN2 potentiates adoptive T cell therapy by boosting the inside-out costimulation via lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1500674. [PMID: 30524895 PMCID: PMC6279342 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1500674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Correct temporal and spatial control of actin dynamics is essential for the cytotoxic T cell effector function against tumor cells. However, little is known whether actin engineering in tumor-targeted T cells can enhance their antitumor responses, thereby potentiating the adoptive T cell therapy. Here, we report that TAGLN2, a 22-KDa actin-stabilizing protein which is physically associated with lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), potentiates the OTI TCR CD8+ T cells to kill the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)-positive/OVA-presenting E0771 cells, but not ICAM-1-negative OVA-B16F10 cells, suggesting an 'inside-out' activation of LFA-1, which causes more efficient immunological synapse formation between T cells and tumor cells. Notably, recombinant TAGLN2 fused with the protein transduction domain (TG2P) overcame the disadvantages of viral gene delivery, leading to a significant reduction in tumor growth in mice. TG2P also potentiated the CD19-targeted, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells to kill Raji B-lymphoma cells. Our findings indicate that activating the TAGLN2-actin-LFA-1 axis is an effective strategy to potentiate the adoptive T-cell immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bu-Nam Jeon
- School of Life Sciences, GIST, Gwangju, Korea.,Immune Synapse and Cell Therapy Research Center, GIST, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hye-Ran Kim
- School of Life Sciences, GIST, Gwangju, Korea.,Immune Synapse and Cell Therapy Research Center, GIST, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yun Shin Chung
- School of Life Sciences, GIST, Gwangju, Korea.,Immune Synapse and Cell Therapy Research Center, GIST, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Bo-Ra Na
- School of Life Sciences, GIST, Gwangju, Korea.,Immune Synapse and Cell Therapy Research Center, GIST, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyunkyung Park
- School of Life Sciences, GIST, Gwangju, Korea.,Immune Synapse and Cell Therapy Research Center, GIST, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Chorong Hong
- School of Life Sciences, GIST, Gwangju, Korea.,Immune Synapse and Cell Therapy Research Center, GIST, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yasmin Fatima
- School of Life Sciences, GIST, Gwangju, Korea.,Immune Synapse and Cell Therapy Research Center, GIST, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyeonju Oh
- School of Life Sciences, GIST, Gwangju, Korea.,Immune Synapse and Cell Therapy Research Center, GIST, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Chang-Hyun Kim
- School of Life Sciences, GIST, Gwangju, Korea.,Immune Synapse and Cell Therapy Research Center, GIST, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Chang-Duk Jun
- School of Life Sciences, GIST, Gwangju, Korea.,Immune Synapse and Cell Therapy Research Center, GIST, Gwangju, Korea
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56
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A platform for discovery of functional cell-penetrating peptides for efficient multi-cargo intracellular delivery. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12538. [PMID: 30135446 PMCID: PMC6105642 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30790-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) offer great potential to deliver therapeutic molecules to previously inaccessible intracellular targets. However, many CPPs are inefficient and often leave their attached cargo stranded in the cell’s endosome. We report a versatile platform for the isolation of peptides delivering a wide range of cargos into the cytoplasm of cells. We used this screening platform to identify multiple “Phylomer” CPPs, derived from bacterial and viral genomes. These peptides are amenable to conventional sequence optimization and engineering approaches for cell targeting and half-life extension. We demonstrate potent, functional delivery of protein, peptide, and nucleic acid analog cargos into cells using Phylomer CPPs. We validate in vivo activity in the cytoplasm, through successful transport of an oligonucleotide therapeutic fused to a Phylomer CPP in a disease model for Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy. This report thus establishes a discovery platform for identifying novel, functional CPPs to expand the delivery landscape of druggable intracellular targets for biological therapeutics.
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57
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Lee YY, Lee SY, Park SY, Choi HJ, Kim EG, Han JS. Therapeutic potential of a phospholipase D1 inhibitory peptide fused with a cell-penetrating peptide as a novel anti-asthmatic drug in a Der f 2-induced airway inflammation model. Exp Mol Med 2018; 50:1-11. [PMID: 29717122 PMCID: PMC5938051 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-018-0083-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic lung disease that causes airflow obstruction due to airway inflammation. However, its therapeutics remain inadequate. We previously reported that phospholipase D1 (PLD1) is a key enzyme involved in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in airway inflammation induced by the house dust mite allergen Dermatophagoides farinae 2 (Der f 2). We also revealed that PLD1 is specifically inactivated by AP180 (assembly protein, 180 kDa) and identified the PLD1-specific binding motif (TVTSP) of AP180. Therefore, the aims of this study were to develop a novel anti-asthmatic agent that could suppress airway inflammation by inhibiting PLD1 and examine its acute and chronic toxicity. We designed TAT-TVTSP, a PLD1-inhibitory peptide fused with a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) delivery system. TAT-TVTSP was efficiently delivered to bronchial epithelial cells and significantly reduced Der f 2-induced PLD activation and Interleukin 13 (IL-13) production. Intranasally administered TAT-TVTSP was also efficiently transferred to airway tissues and ameliorated airway inflammation in a Der f 2-induced allergic asthma mouse model. Moreover, we investigated the safety of TAT-TVTSP as a therapeutic agent through single- and repeated-dose toxicity studies in a mouse model. Taken together, these results indicated that a PLD1-inhibitory peptide fused with a cell-penetrating peptide may be useful for treating allergic inflammatory asthma induced by house dust mites (HDMs). A drug that targets a key enzyme involved in airway tissue inflammation shows promise in the treatment of allergic asthma. The enzyme phospholipase D1 (PLD1) triggers airway inflammation in allergic asthma brought on by house dust mites. Joong-Soo Han at Hanyang University in Seoul, Eung-Gook Kim at Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea, and co-workers have developed a treatment aimed at suppressing PLD1 and trialed the drug on mouse models of dust-mite allergy. The team designed a carrier system capable of accurately delivering a PLD1-inhibitory peptide to airway tissues and cells. They found that airway inflammation was significantly reduced in the treated mice. The drug appeared to be relatively safe when used in repeated doses, although further investigations are needed to verify this. The team hope their treatment will improve therapies for allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Young Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Young Park
- Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Choi
- Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Eung-Gook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Signaling Disorder Research Center, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joong-Soo Han
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea. .,Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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58
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Hyun S, Choi Y, Lee HN, Lee C, Oh D, Lee DK, Lee C, Lee Y, Yu J. Construction of histidine-containing hydrocarbon stapled cell penetrating peptides for in vitro and in vivo delivery of siRNAs. Chem Sci 2018; 9:3820-3827. [PMID: 29780514 PMCID: PMC5939838 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc00074c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A hydrocarbon stapled peptide based strategy was used to develop an optimized cell penetrating peptide for siRNA delivery. Various stapled peptides, having amphipathic Leu- and Lys-rich regions, were prepared and their cell penetrating potentials were evaluated. One peptide, stEK, was found to have high cell penetration and siRNA delivery abilities at low nanomolar concentrations. In order to improve its ability to promote gene silencing, stEK was modified by replacing several Lys residues with His moieties. The modified peptide, LKH-stEK, was found to facilitate endosomal escape and to display >90% knock-down with 50 nM of a siRNA targeting cyclophilin B in HeLa cells. The results of an in vivo animal wound healing model study demonstrate that LKH-stEK promotes delivery of an siRNA, which targets the connective tissue growth factor, and that this process leads to efficient gene silencing by the siRNA at a nanomolar level in mouse skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soonsil Hyun
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Korea
| | - Yoonhwa Choi
- Department of Chemistry & Education , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Korea .
| | | | | | | | - Dong-Ki Lee
- Department of Chemistry , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , Korea
| | | | - Yan Lee
- Department of Chemistry , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Korea .
| | - Jaehoon Yu
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Korea
- Department of Chemistry & Education , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Korea .
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59
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Allegra A, Innao V, Gerace D, Vaddinelli D, Allegra AG, Musolino C. Nanobodies and Cancer: Current Status and New Perspectives. Cancer Invest 2018; 36:221-237. [DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2018.1458858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età evolutiva, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Vanessa Innao
- Division of Hematology, Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età evolutiva, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Demetrio Gerace
- Division of Hematology, Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età evolutiva, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Doriana Vaddinelli
- Division of Hematology, Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età evolutiva, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Andrea Gaetano Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età evolutiva, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Caterina Musolino
- Division of Hematology, Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età evolutiva, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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60
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Yang Y, Kong B, Jung Y, Park JB, Oh JM, Hwang J, Cho JY, Kweon DH. Soluble N-Ethylmaleimide-Sensitive Factor Attachment Protein Receptor-Derived Peptides for Regulation of Mast Cell Degranulation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:725. [PMID: 29696021 PMCID: PMC5904360 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Vesicle-associated V-soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins and target membrane-associated T-SNAREs (syntaxin 4 and SNAP-23) assemble into a core trans-SNARE complex that mediates membrane fusion during mast cell degranulation. This complex plays pivotal roles at various stages of exocytosis from the initial priming step to fusion pore opening and expansion, finally resulting in the release of the vesicle contents. In this study, peptides with the sequences of various SNARE motifs were investigated for their potential inhibitory effects against SNARE complex formation and mast cell degranulation. The peptides with the sequences of the N-terminal regions of vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP2) and VAMP8 were found to reduce mast cell degranulation by inhibiting SNARE complex formation. The fusion of protein transduction domains to the N-terminal of each peptide enabled the internalization of the fusion peptides into the cells equally as efficiently as cell permeabilization by streptolysin-O without any loss of their inhibitory activities. Distinct subsets of mast cell granules could be selectively regulated by the N-terminal-mimicking peptides derived from VAMP2 and VAMP8, and they effectively decreased the symptoms of atopic dermatitis in mouse models. These results suggest that the cell membrane fusion machinery may represent a therapeutic target for atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoosoo Yang
- Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea.,Division for Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Byoungjae Kong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.,Biomedical Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Younghoon Jung
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.,Biomedical Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Joon-Bum Park
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.,Biomedical Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jung-Mi Oh
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jaesung Hwang
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.,Biomedical Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Dae-Hyuk Kweon
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.,Biomedical Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
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61
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Gu R, Ding X, Tang W, Lei B, Jiang C, Xu G. A Synthesized Glucocorticoid- Induced Leucine Zipper Peptide Inhibits Retinal Müller Cell Gliosis. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:331. [PMID: 29681857 PMCID: PMC5897418 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The anti-inflammatory activities of protein glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) have been demonstrated in vivo and in vitro. Here, we examined the potential effect of a synthetic peptide derived from the leucine zipper motif and proline-rich region of GILZ on suppressing inflammatory responses in primary cultured rat Müller cells. Methods: Peptides were selected from amino acids 98–134 of the GILZ protein (GILZ-p). Solid-phase peptide synthesis was used to generate the cell-penetrating peptide TAT, which was bound to the amino terminus of GILZ-p. Primary cultured retinal Müller cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) alone or in combination with different concentrations of GILZ-p, and the interaction of GILZ-p with nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 in Müller cells was investigated by western blotting, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence. The expression of the Müller cell gliosis marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), functional protein aquaporin (AQP)-4, and the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 was measured by Western Blotting. The concentration of those cytokines in culture medium was measured by using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Results: The synthesized GILZ-p, which was water-soluble, entered cells and bound with NF-κB p65, inhibiting p65 nuclear translocation. GILZ-p inhibited the LPS-induced expression of GFAP, IL-1β, TNFα, ICAM-1, and MCP-1 in Müller cells and prevented the LPS-induced downregulation of AQP4. Conclusions: These results indicate that GILZ-p interacted with NF-κB p65 and suppressed p65 nuclear translocation, thereby inhibiting inflammatory cytokine release and Müller cell gliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiping Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyi Ding
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyi Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Boya Lei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gezhi Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia of State Health Ministry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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62
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He Y, Li F, Huang Y. Smart Cell-Penetrating Peptide-Based Techniques for Intracellular Delivery of Therapeutic Macromolecules. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2018; 112:183-220. [PMID: 29680237 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Many therapeutic macromolecules must enter cells to take their action. However, their treatment outcomes are often hampered by their poor transportation into target cells. Therefore, efficient intracellular delivery of these macromolecules is critical for improving their therapeutic efficacy. Cell-penetrating peptide (CPP)-based approaches are one of the most efficient methods for intracellular delivery of macromolecular therapeutics. Nevertheless, poor specificity is a significant concern for systemic administrated CPP-based delivery systems. This chapter will review recent advances in CPP-mediated macromolecule delivery with a focus on various smart strategies which not only enhance the intracellular delivery but also improve the targeting specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang He
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Li
- Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United states.
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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63
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Borrelli A, Tornesello AL, Tornesello ML, Buonaguro FM. Cell Penetrating Peptides as Molecular Carriers for Anti-Cancer Agents. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020295. [PMID: 29385037 PMCID: PMC6017757 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell membranes with their selective permeability play important functions in the tight control of molecular exchanges between the cytosol and the extracellular environment as the intracellular membranes do within the internal compartments. For this reason the plasma membranes often represent a challenging obstacle to the intracellular delivery of many anti-cancer molecules. The active transport of drugs through such barrier often requires specific carriers able to cross the lipid bilayer. Cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) are generally 5–30 amino acids long which, for their ability to cross cell membranes, are widely used to deliver proteins, plasmid DNA, RNA, oligonucleotides, liposomes and anti-cancer drugs inside the cells. In this review, we describe the several types of CPPs, the chemical modifications to improve their cellular uptake, the different mechanisms to cross cell membranes and their biological properties upon conjugation with specific molecules. Special emphasis has been given to those with promising application in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Borrelli
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Anna Lucia Tornesello
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Maria Lina Tornesello
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Franco M Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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64
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Ramaswamy K, Forbes L, Minuesa G, Gindin T, Brown F, Kharas MG, Krivtsov AV, Armstrong SA, Still E, de Stanchina E, Knoechel B, Koche R, Kentsis A. Peptidomimetic blockade of MYB in acute myeloid leukemia. Nat Commun 2018; 9:110. [PMID: 29317678 PMCID: PMC5760651 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02618-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant gene expression is a hallmark of acute leukemias. MYB-driven transcriptional coactivation with CREB-binding protein (CBP)/P300 is required for acute lymphoblastic and myeloid leukemias, including refractory MLL-rearranged leukemias. Using structure-guided molecular design, we developed a peptidomimetic inhibitor MYBMIM that interferes with the assembly of the molecular MYB:CBP/P300 complex and rapidly accumulates in the nuclei of AML cells. Treatment of AML cells with MYBMIM led to the dissociation of the MYB:CBP/P300 complex in cells, its displacement from oncogenic enhancers enriched for MYB binding sites, and downregulation of MYB-dependent gene expression, including of MYC and BCL2 oncogenes. AML cells underwent mitochondrial apoptosis in response to MYBMIM, which was partially rescued by ectopic expression of BCL2. MYBMIM impeded leukemia growth and extended survival of immunodeficient mice engrafted with primary patient-derived MLL-rearranged leukemia cells. These findings elucidate the dependence of human AML on aberrant transcriptional coactivation, and establish a pharmacologic approach for its therapeutic blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha Ramaswamy
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, 10065, NY, USA
| | - Lauren Forbes
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pharmacology, and Physiology & Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Gerard Minuesa
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Tatyana Gindin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Fiona Brown
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Michael G Kharas
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Andrei V Krivtsov
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Scott A Armstrong
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, 10065, NY, USA
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Eric Still
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Birgit Knoechel
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Richard Koche
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Alex Kentsis
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, 10065, NY, USA.
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pharmacology, and Physiology & Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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65
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Cates CC, Arias AD, Nakayama Wong LS, Lamé MW, Sidorov M, Cayanan G, Rowland DJ, Fung J, Karpel-Massler G, Siegelin MD, Greene LA, Angelastro JM. Regression/eradication of gliomas in mice by a systemically-deliverable ATF5 dominant-negative peptide. Oncotarget 2017; 7:12718-30. [PMID: 26863637 PMCID: PMC4914317 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant gliomas have poor prognosis and urgently require new therapies. Activating Transcription Factor 5 (ATF5) is highly expressed in gliomas, and interference with its expression/function precipitates targeted glioma cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. We designed a novel deliverable truncated-dominant-negative (d/n) form of ATF5 fused to a cell-penetrating domain (Pen-d/n-ATF5-RP) that can be intraperitoneally/subcutaneously administered to mice harboring malignant gliomas generated; (1) by PDGF-B/sh-p53 retroviral transformation of endogenous neural progenitor cells; and (2) by human U87-MG xenografts. In vitro Pen-d/n-ATF5-RP entered into glioma cells and triggered massive apoptosis. In vivo, subcutaneously-administered Pen-d/n-ATF5-RP passed the blood brain barrier, entered normal brain and tumor cells, and then caused rapid selective tumor cell death. MRI verified elimination of retrovirus-induced gliomas within 8-21 days. Histopathology revealed growth-suppression of intracerebral human U87-MG cells xenografts. For endogenous PDGF-B gliomas, there was no recurrence or mortality at 6-12 months versus 66% mortality in controls at 6 months. Necropsy and liver-kidney blood enzyme analysis revealed no adverse effects on brain or other tissues. Our findings thus identify Pen-d/n-ATF5-RP as a potential therapy for malignant gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles C Cates
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA.,Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Angelo D Arias
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA.,Moores-UCSD Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lynn S Nakayama Wong
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Michael W Lamé
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Maxim Sidorov
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Geraldine Cayanan
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Jennifer Fung
- Center for Molecular Genomic Imaging, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Georg Karpel-Massler
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Markus D Siegelin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lloyd A Greene
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - James M Angelastro
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
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66
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Cytoprotective Effects of Cell-Permeable Bifunctional Antioxidant Enzyme, GST-TAT-SOD, against Cisplatin-Induced Cell Damage. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:9530791. [PMID: 29333214 PMCID: PMC5733192 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9530791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
GST-TAT-SOD, a cell-permeable bifunctional antioxidant enzyme, is a potential selective radioprotector. This study aimed to investigate the cytoprotective activity of GST-TAT-SOD against cisplatin-induced damage. The current study showed that cisplatin induced the formation of reactive oxygen species in normal L-02 cells. GST-TAT-SOD (2000 U/mL) executed its antioxidant role by directly scavenging excess intracellular free radicals and augmenting cellular antioxidant defense such as reducing MDA level, enhancing the SOD activity, GST activity, and T-AOC. Thus, it suppressed the growth inhibition and apoptosis of cisplatin-treated normal cells. Meanwhile, the growth inhibition of tumor cells (SMMC-7721) caused by cisplatin was unaffected by GST-TAT-SOD pretreatment. GST-SOD, as a comparison, seemed to be powerless for related indicators as it could not enter into cells without cell-permeating peptide. These results suggest that GST-TAT-SOD might be a potential cytoprotective agent for cisplatin-induced side effects.
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67
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Cell-Penetrating Peptides: Design Strategies beyond Primary Structure and Amphipathicity. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22111929. [PMID: 29117144 PMCID: PMC6150340 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient intracellular drug delivery and target specificity are often hampered by the presence of biological barriers. Thus, compounds that efficiently cross cell membranes are the key to improving the therapeutic value and on-target specificity of non-permeable drugs. The discovery of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) and the early design approaches through mimicking the natural penetration domains used by viruses have led to greater efficiency of intracellular delivery. Following these nature-inspired examples, a number of rationally designed CPPs has been developed. In this review, a variety of CPP designs will be described, including linear and flexible, positively charged and often amphipathic CPPs, and more rigid versions comprising cyclic, stapled, or dimeric and/or multivalent, self-assembled peptides or peptido-mimetics. The application of distinct design strategies to known physico-chemical properties of CPPs offers the opportunity to improve their penetration efficiency and/or internalization kinetics. This led to increased design complexity of new CPPs that does not always result in greater CPP activity. Therefore, the transition of CPPs to a clinical setting remains a challenge also due to the concomitant involvement of various internalization routes and heterogeneity of cells used in the in vitro studies.
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68
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Collado Camps E, Brock R. An opportunistic route to success: Towards a change of paradigm to fully exploit the potential of cell-penetrating peptides. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 26:2780-2787. [PMID: 29157727 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
About 25years ago it was demonstrated that certain peptides possess the ability to cross the plasma membrane. This led to the development of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) as vectors to mediate the cellular entry of (macro-)molecules that do not show cell entry by themselves. Nonetheless, in spite of an early bloom of promising pre-clinical studies, not a single CPP-based drug has been approved, yet. It is a paradigm in CPP research that the peptides are taken up by virtually all cells. In exploratory research and early preclinical development, this assumption guides the choice of the therapeutic target. However, while this indiscriminatory uptake may be the case for tissue culture experiments, in an organism this is clearly not the case. Biodistribution analyses demonstrate that CPPs only target a very limited number of cells and many tissues are hardly reached at all. Here, we review biodistribution analyses of CPPs and CPP-based drug delivery systems. Based on this analysis we propose a paradigm change towards a more opportunistic approach in CPP research. The application of CPPs should focus on those pathophysiologies for which the relevant target cells have been shown to be reached in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estel Collado Camps
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roland Brock
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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69
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Balaban CL, Banchio C, Ceccarelli EA. TAT-mediated transduction of bacterial redox proteins generates a cytoprotective effect on neuronal cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184617. [PMID: 28886198 PMCID: PMC5591030 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell penetrating peptides, also known as protein transduction domains, have the capacity to ubiquitously cross cellular membranes carrying many different cargos with negligible cytotoxicity. As a result, they have emerged as a powerful tool for macromolecular delivery-based therapies. In this study, catalytically active bacterial Ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase (LepFNR) and Heme oxygenase (LepHO) fused to the HIV TAT-derived protein transduction peptide (TAT) were efficiently transduced to neuroblastoma SHSY-5Y cells. Proteins entered the cells through an endocytic pathway showing a time/concentration dependent mechanism that was clearly modulated by the nature of the cargo protein. Since ferredoxin-NADP+ reductases and heme oxygenases have been implicated in mechanisms of oxidative stress defense, neuroblastoma cells simultaneously transduced with TAT-LepFNR and TAT-LepHO were challenged by H2O2 incubations to judge the cytoprotective power of these bacterial enzymes. Accumulation of reactive oxygen species was significantly reduced in these transduced neuronal cells. Moreover, measurements of metabolic viability, membrane integrity, and cell survival indicated that these cells showed a better tolerance to oxidative stress. Our results open the possibility for the application of transducible active redox proteins to overcome the damage elicited by oxidative stress in cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia L. Balaban
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Claudia Banchio
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Eduardo A. Ceccarelli
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario, Argentina
- * E-mail:
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70
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Sano KI, Iijima K, Nakayama N, Ijiro K, Osada Y. Efficient Cellular Protein Transduction Using a Coiled-coil Protein Carrier. CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.170060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichi Sano
- Department of Innovative Systems Engineering, Nippon Institute of Technology, Miyashiro, Saitama 345-8501
- Graduate School of Environmental Symbiotic System Major, Nippon Institute of Technology, Miyashiro, Saitama 345-8501
| | - Kanako Iijima
- Department of Innovative Systems Engineering, Nippon Institute of Technology, Miyashiro, Saitama 345-8501
| | - Norihisa Nakayama
- Graduate School of Environmental Symbiotic System Major, Nippon Institute of Technology, Miyashiro, Saitama 345-8501
| | - Kuniharu Ijiro
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021
| | - Yoshihito Osada
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
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71
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Guidotti G, Brambilla L, Rossi D. Cell-Penetrating Peptides: From Basic Research to Clinics. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2017; 38:406-424. [PMID: 28209404 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 721] [Impact Index Per Article: 103.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The presence of cell and tissue barriers together with the low biomembrane permeability of various therapeutics often hampers systemic drug distribution; thus, most of the available molecules are of limited therapeutic value. Opportunities to increase medicament concentrations in areas that are difficult to access now exist with the advent of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), which can transport into the cell a wide variety of biologically active conjugates (cargoes). Numerous preclinical evaluations with CPP-derived therapeutics have provided promising results in various disease models that, in some cases, prompted clinical trials. The outcome of these investigations has thus opened new perspectives for CPP application in the development of unprecedented human therapies that are well tolerated and directed to intracellular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Guidotti
- Laboratory for Research on Neurodegenerative Disorders, IRCCS Maugeri Clinical and Scientific Institutes SpA SB, Via Maugeri 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Liliana Brambilla
- Laboratory for Research on Neurodegenerative Disorders, IRCCS Maugeri Clinical and Scientific Institutes SpA SB, Via Maugeri 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Rossi
- Laboratory for Research on Neurodegenerative Disorders, IRCCS Maugeri Clinical and Scientific Institutes SpA SB, Via Maugeri 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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72
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Ruoslahti E. Tumor penetrating peptides for improved drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 110-111:3-12. [PMID: 27040947 PMCID: PMC5045823 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In vivo screening of phage libraries in tumor-bearing mice has been used to identify peptides that direct phage homing to a tumor. The power of in vivo phage screening is illustrated by the recent discovery of peptides with unique tumor-penetrating properties. These peptides activate an endocytic transport pathway related to but distinct from macropinocytosis. They do so through a complex process that involves binding to a primary, tumor-specific receptor, followed by a proteolytic cleavage, and binding to a second receptor. The second receptor, neuropilin-1 (or neuropilin-2) activates the transport pathway. This trans-tissue pathway, dubbed the C-end Rule (CendR) pathway, mediates the extravasation transport through extravascular tumor tissue of payloads ranging from small molecule drugs to nanoparticles. The CendR technology provides a solution to a major problem in tumor therapy, poor penetration of drugs into tumors. Targeted delivery with tumor-penetrating peptides has been shown to specifically increase the accumulation of drugs, antibodies and nanotherapeutics in experimental tumors in vivo, and in human tumors ex vivo. Remarkably the payload does not have to be coupled to the peptide; the peptide activates a bulk transport system that sweeps along a drug present in the blood. Treatment studies in mice have shown improved anti-tumor efficacy and less damage to normal tissues with drugs ranging from traditional chemotherapeutics to antibodies, and to nanoparticle drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkki Ruoslahti
- Cancer Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
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73
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Jo HS, Yeo HJ, Cha HJ, Kim SJ, Cho SB, Park JH, Lee CH, Yeo EJ, Choi YJ, Eum WS, Choi SY. Transduced Tat-DJ-1 protein inhibits cytokines-induced pancreatic RINm5F cell death. BMB Rep 2017; 49:297-302. [PMID: 26996344 PMCID: PMC5070711 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2016.49.5.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of pancreatic β-cells by oxidative stress or cytokines is associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). DJ-1 is known to as a multifunctional protein, which plays an important role in cell survival. We prepared cell permeable wild type (WT) and mutant type (M26I) Tat-DJ-1 proteins to investigate the effects of DJ-1 against combined cytokines (IL-1β, IFN-γ and TNF-α)-induced RINm5F cell death. Both Tat-DJ-1 proteins were transduced into RINm5F cells. WT Tat-DJ-1 proteins significantly protected against cell death from cytokines by reducing intracellular toxicities. Also, WT Tat-DJ-1 proteins markedly regulated cytokines-induced pro- and anti-apoptosis proteins. However, M26I Tat-DJ-1 protein showed relatively low protective effects, as compared to WT Tat-DJ-1 protein. Our experiments demonstrated that WT Tat-DJ-1 protein protects against cytokine-induced RINm5F cell death by suppressing intracellular toxicities and regulating apoptosisrelated protein expression. Thus, WT Tat-DJ-1 protein could potentially serve as a therapeutic agent for DM and cytokine related diseases. [BMB Reports 2016; 49(5): 297-302]
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Sang Jo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 24252, Korea
| | - Hyeon Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 24252, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Cha
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 24252, Korea
| | - Sang Jin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 24252, Korea
| | - Su Bin Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 24252, Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 24252, Korea
| | - Chi Hern Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 24252, Korea
| | - Eun Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 24252, Korea
| | - Yeon Joo Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 24252, Korea
| | - Won Sik Eum
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 24252, Korea
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 24252, Korea
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74
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Tat-DJ-1 enhances cell survival by inhibition of oxidative stress, NF-κB and MAPK activation in HepG2 cells. Biotechnol Lett 2017; 39:511-521. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-017-2286-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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75
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Jo HS, Kim DW, Shin MJ, Cho SB, Park JH, Lee CH, Yeo EJ, Choi YJ, Yeo HJ, Sohn EJ, Son O, Cho SW, Kim DS, Yu YH, Lee KW, Park J, Eum WS, Choi SY. Tat-HSP22 inhibits oxidative stress-induced hippocampal neuronal cell death by regulation of the mitochondrial pathway. Mol Brain 2017; 10:1. [PMID: 28052764 PMCID: PMC5210279 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-016-0281-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the progression of various neuronal diseases including ischemia. Heat shock protein 22 (HSP22) is known to protect cells against oxidative stress. However, the protective effects and mechanisms of HSP22 in hippocampal neuronal cells under oxidative stress remain unknown. In this study, we determined whether HSP22 protects against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in HT-22 using Tat-HSP22 fusion protein. We found that Tat-HSP22 transduced into HT-22 cells and that H2O2-induced cell death, oxidative stress, and DNA damage were significantly reduced by Tat-HSP22. In addition, Tat-HSP22 markedly inhibited H2O2-induced mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome c release, cleaved caspase-3, and Bax expression levels, while Bcl-2 expression levels were increased in HT-22 cells. Further, we showed that Tat-HSP22 transduced into animal brain and inhibited cleaved-caspase-3 expression levels as well as significantly inhibited hippocampal neuronal cell death in the CA1 region of animals in the ischemic animal model. In the present study, we demonstrated that transduced Tat-HSP22 attenuates oxidative stress-induced hippocampal neuronal cell death through the mitochondrial signaling pathway and plays a crucial role in inhibiting neuronal cell death, suggesting that Tat-HSP22 protein may be used to prevent oxidative stress-related brain diseases including ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Sang Jo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, Korea
| | - Min Jea Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea
| | - Su Bin Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea
| | - Chi Hern Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea
| | - Eun Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea
| | - Yeon Joo Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea
| | - Hyeon Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Sohn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea
| | - Ora Son
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Duk-Soo Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-Si, 31538, Korea
| | - Yeon Hee Yu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-Si, 31538, Korea
| | - Keun Wook Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea
| | - Jinseu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea
| | - Won Sik Eum
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea.
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea.
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76
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Louzao I, García-Fandiño R, Montenegro J. Hydrazone-modulated peptides for efficient gene transfection. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:4426-4434. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb00179g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The synthetic potential of dynamic bond formation is introduced for the delivery of plasmid DNA by modulated amphiphilic peptides. The synthetic advantage of these dynamic bonds allowed the identification of improved reagents (better efficiency and lower toxicity) for plasmid transfection assays in human HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iria Louzao
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS)
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
- 15782 Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
| | - Rebeca García-Fandiño
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS)
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
- 15782 Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
| | - Javier Montenegro
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS)
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
- 15782 Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
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77
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The Telomerase-Derived Anticancer Peptide Vaccine GV1001 as an Extracellular Heat Shock Protein-Mediated Cell-Penetrating Peptide. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122054. [PMID: 27941629 PMCID: PMC5187854 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), which can facilitate the transport of molecular cargo across the plasma membrane, have become important tools in promoting the cellular delivery of macromolecules. GV1001, a peptide derived from a reverse-transcriptase subunit of telomerase (hTERT) and developed as a vaccine against various cancers, reportedly has unexpected CPP properties. Unlike typical CPPs, such as the HIV-1 TAT peptide, GV1001 enabled the cytosolic delivery of macromolecules such as proteins, DNA and siRNA via extracellular heat shock protein 90 (eHSP90) and 70 (eHSP70) complexes. The eHSP-GV1001 interaction may have biological effects in addition to its cytosolic delivery function. GV1001 was originally designed as a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-binding cancer epitope, but its CPP properties may contribute to its strong anti-cancer immune response relative to other telomerase peptide-based vaccines. Cell signaling via eHSP-GV1001 binding may lead to unexpected biological effects, such as direct anticancer or antiviral effects. In this review, we focus on the CPP effects of GV1001 bound to eHSP90 and eHSP70.
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78
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Robert MA, Lytvyn V, Deforet F, Gilbert R, Gaillet B. Virus-Like Particles Derived from HIV-1 for Delivery of Nuclear Proteins: Improvement of Production and Activity by Protein Engineering. Mol Biotechnol 2016; 59:9-23. [PMID: 27830536 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-016-9987-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) derived from retroviruses and lentiviruses can be used to deliver recombinant proteins without the fear of causing insertional mutagenesis to the host cell genome. In this study we evaluate the potential of an inducible lentiviral vector packaging cell line for VLP production. The Gag gene from HIV-1 was fused to a gene encoding a selected protein and it was transfected into the packaging cells. Three proteins served as model: the green fluorescent protein and two transcription factors-the cumate transactivator (cTA) of the inducible CR5 promoter and the human Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4). The sizes of the VLPs were 120-150 nm in diameter and they were resistant to freeze/thaw cycles. Protein delivery by the VLPs reached up to 100% efficacy in human cells and was well tolerated. Gag-cTA triggered up to 1100-fold gene activation of the reporter gene in comparison to the negative control. Protein engineering was required to detect Gag-KLF4 activity. Thus, insertion of the VP16 transactivation domain increased the activity of the VLPs by eightfold. An additional 2.4-fold enhancement was obtained by inserting nuclear export signal. In conclusion, our platform produced VLPs capable of efficient protein transfer, and it was shown that protein engineering can be used to improve the activity of the delivered proteins as well as VLP production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc-André Robert
- Département de génie chimique, Université Laval, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.,National Research Council Canada, 6100 Avenue Royalmount, Montréal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada.,Regroupement québécois de recherche sur la fonction, l'ingénierie et les applications des protéines, PROTEO, Québec, QC, Canada.,Réseau de thérapie cellulaire et tissulaire du FRQS, ThéCell, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Viktoria Lytvyn
- National Research Council Canada, 6100 Avenue Royalmount, Montréal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Francis Deforet
- National Research Council Canada, 6100 Avenue Royalmount, Montréal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Rénald Gilbert
- National Research Council Canada, 6100 Avenue Royalmount, Montréal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada.,Réseau de thérapie cellulaire et tissulaire du FRQS, ThéCell, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Bruno Gaillet
- Département de génie chimique, Université Laval, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada. .,Regroupement québécois de recherche sur la fonction, l'ingénierie et les applications des protéines, PROTEO, Québec, QC, Canada. .,Réseau de thérapie cellulaire et tissulaire du FRQS, ThéCell, Québec, QC, Canada.
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79
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Jezowska M, Honcharenko D, Ghidini A, Strömberg R, Honcharenko M. Enabling Multiple Conjugation to Oligonucleotides Using "Click Cycles". Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:2620-2628. [PMID: 27756130 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
An efficient method for the synthesis of multiply functionalized oligonucleotides (ONs) utilizing a novel H-phosphonate alkyne-based linker for multiple functionalization (LMF) is developed. The strategy allows for the conjugation of various active entities to oligonucleotide through the postsynthetic attachment of LMF at the 5'-terminus of ONs using H-phosphonate chemistry followed by conjugation of various entities via [3 + 2] copper(I) catalyzed cycloaddition in a stepwise manner. Each cycle is composed of attachment of the LMF followed by a click reaction with azido-containing units. Sequential solid-phase synthesis of oligonucleotide conjugates containing three attached entities was performed using an acetylated form of MIF peptide conjugated to azido linker, achieving high conversions at each unit addition. In addition, to show the versatility of the method, oligonucleotide conjugates with several different classes of compounds were synthesized. Each conjugate containing three different entities, whose structure and function varied (e.g., sugars, peptides, fluorescent labels, and m3G-Caps).
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Jezowska
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Novum , SE-14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Dmytro Honcharenko
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Novum , SE-14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Alice Ghidini
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Novum , SE-14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Roger Strömberg
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Novum , SE-14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Malgorzata Honcharenko
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Novum , SE-14183 Huddinge, Sweden
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80
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Bidwell GL, Mahdi F, Shao Q, Logue OC, Waller JP, Reese C, Chade AR. A kidney-selective biopolymer for targeted drug delivery. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 312:F54-F64. [PMID: 27784692 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00143.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving drug delivery to the kidney using renal-targeted therapeutics is a promising but underdeveloped area. We aimed to develop a kidney-targeting construct for renal-specific drug delivery. Elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) are nonimmunogenic protein-based carriers that can stabilize attached small-molecule and peptide therapeutics. We modified ELP at its NH2-terminus with a cyclic, seven-amino acid kidney-targeting peptide (KTP) and at its COOH-terminus with a cysteine residue for tracer conjugation. Comparative in vivo pharmacokinetics and biodistribution in rat and swine models and in vitro cell binding studies using human renal cells were performed. KTP-ELP had a longer plasma half-life than ELP in both animal models and was similarly accumulated in kidneys at levels fivefold higher than untargeted ELP, showing renal levels 15- to over 150-fold higher than in other major organs. Renal fluorescence histology demonstrated high accumulation of KTP-ELP in proximal tubules and vascular endothelium. Furthermore, a 14-day infusion of a high dose of ELP or KTP-ELP did not affect body weight, glomerular filtration rate, or albuminuria, or induce renal tissue damage compared with saline-treated controls. In vitro experiments showed higher binding of KTP-ELP to human podocytes, proximal tubule epithelial, and glomerular microvascular endothelial cells than untargeted ELP. These results show the high renal selectivity of KTP-ELP, support the notion that the construct is not species specific, and demonstrate that it does not induce acute renal toxicity. The plasticity of ELP for attachment of any class of therapeutics unlocks the possibility of applying ELP technology for targeted treatment of renal disease in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gene L Bidwell
- Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; .,Department of Biochemistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Fakhri Mahdi
- Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Qingmei Shao
- Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Omar C Logue
- Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Jamarius P Waller
- Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Caleb Reese
- Belhaven University, Jackson, Mississippi; and
| | - Alejandro R Chade
- Departments of Physiology and Biophysics, Medicine, and Radiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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81
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Wang N, Zhan Y, Wang A, Zhang L, Khayat R, Yang Y. In silico analysis of surface structure variation of PCV2 capsid resulting from loop mutations of its capsid protein (Cap). J Gen Virol 2016; 97:3331-3344. [PMID: 27902320 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Outbreaks of porcine circovirus (PCV) type 2 (PCV2)-associated diseases have caused substantial economic losses worldwide in the last 20 years. The PCV capsid protein (Cap) is the sole structural protein and main antigenic determinant of this virus. In this study, not only were phylogenetic trees reconstructed, but variations of surface structure of the PCV capsid were analysed in the course of evolution. Unique surface patterns of the icosahedral fivefold axes of the PCV2 capsid were identified and characterized, all of which were absent in PCV type 1 (PCV1). Icosahedral fivefold axes, decorated with Loops BC, HI and DE, were distinctly different between PCV2 and PCV1. Loops BC, determining the outermost surface around the fivefold axes of PCV capsids, had limited homology between Caps of PCV1 and PCV2. A conserved tyrosine phosphorylation motif in Loop HI that might be recognized by non-receptor tyrosine kinase(s) in vivo was present only in PCV2. Particularly, the concurrent presence of 60 pairs of the conserved tyrosine and a canonical PXXP motif on the PCV2 capsid surface could be a mechanism for PXXP motif binding to and activation of an SH3-domain-containing tyrosine kinase in host cells. Additionally, a conserved cysteine in Loop DE of the PCV2 Cap was substituted by an arginine in PCV1, indicating potentially distinct assembly mechanisms of the capsid in vitro between PCV1 and PCV2. Therefore, these unique patterns on the PCV2 capsid surface, absent in PCV1 isolates, might be related to cell entry, virus function and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naidong Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Proteomics (LFP) and Research Center of Reverse Vaccinology (RCRV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yang Zhan
- Laboratory of Functional Proteomics (LFP) and Research Center of Reverse Vaccinology (RCRV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Aibing Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Proteomics (LFP) and Research Center of Reverse Vaccinology (RCRV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | | | - Reza Khayat
- Department of Chemistry, City College of New York, NY, USA
- PhD Programs in Biochemistry and Chemistry, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, NY, USA
| | - Yi Yang
- Laboratory of Functional Proteomics (LFP) and Research Center of Reverse Vaccinology (RCRV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
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82
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Garcia-Salcedo JA, Unciti-Broceta JD, Valverde-Pozo J, Soriano M. New Approaches to Overcome Transport Related Drug Resistance in Trypanosomatid Parasites. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:351. [PMID: 27733833 PMCID: PMC5039210 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmania and Trypanosoma are members of the Trypanosomatidae family that cause severe human infections such as leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, and sleeping sickness affecting millions of people worldwide. Despite efforts to eradicate them, migrations are expanding these infections to developing countries. There are no vaccines available and current treatments depend only on chemotherapy. Drug resistance is a major obstacle for the treatment of these diseases given that existing drugs are old and limited, with some having severe side effects. Most resistance mechanisms developed by these parasites are related with a decreased uptake or increased efflux of the drug due to mutations or altered expression of membrane transporters. Different new approaches have been elaborated that can overcome these mechanisms of resistance including the use of inhibitors of efflux pumps and drug carriers for both active and passive targeting. Here we review new formulations that have been successfully applied to circumvent resistance related to drug transporters, opening alternative ways to solve drug resistance in protozoan parasitic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose A Garcia-Salcedo
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada - Universidad de Granada, GranadaSpain; Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica - Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía, GranadaSpain
| | - Juan D Unciti-Broceta
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada - Universidad de Granada, Granada Spain
| | - Javier Valverde-Pozo
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada - Universidad de Granada, GranadaSpain; Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica - Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía, GranadaSpain
| | - Miguel Soriano
- Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica - Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía, GranadaSpain; Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad de Almería, AlmeríaSpain
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83
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Infection-specific phosphorylation of glutamyl-prolyl tRNA synthetase induces antiviral immunity. Nat Immunol 2016; 17:1252-1262. [PMID: 27595231 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian cytoplasmic multi-tRNA synthetase complex (MSC) is a depot system that regulates non-translational cellular functions. Here we found that the MSC component glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase (EPRS) switched its function following viral infection and exhibited potent antiviral activity. Infection-specific phosphorylation of EPRS at Ser990 induced its dissociation from the MSC, after which it was guided to the antiviral signaling pathway, where it interacted with PCBP2, a negative regulator of mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) that is critical for antiviral immunity. This interaction blocked PCBP2-mediated ubiquitination of MAVS and ultimately suppressed viral replication. EPRS-haploid (Eprs+/-) mice showed enhanced viremia and inflammation and delayed viral clearance. This stimulus-inducible activation of MAVS by EPRS suggests an unexpected role for the MSC as a regulator of immune responses to viral infection.
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84
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Abstract
RNA interference mediated gene silencing has tremendous applicability in fields ranging from basic biological research to clinical therapy. However, delivery of siRNA across the cell membrane into the cytoplasm, where the RNA silencing machinery is located, is a significant hurdle in most primary cells. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), peptides that possess an intrinsic ability to translocate across cell membranes, have been explored as a means to achieve cellular delivery of siRNA. Approaches using CPPs by themselves or through incorporation into other siRNA delivery platforms have been investigated with the intent of improving cytoplasmic delivery. Here, we review the utilization of CPPs for siRNA delivery with a focus on strategies developed to enhance cellular uptake, endosomal escape and cytoplasmic localization of CPP/siRNA complexes.
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85
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Jo HS, Cha HJ, Kim SJ, Yeo HJ, Cho SB, Park JH, Lee CH, Yeo EJ, Choi YJ, Eum WS, Choi SY. Tat-DJ-1 inhibits oxidative stress-mediated RINm5F cell death through suppression of NF-κB and MAPK activation. Med Chem Res 2016; 25:2589-2598. [PMID: 27818604 PMCID: PMC5075024 DOI: 10.1007/s00044-016-1698-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is highly involved in the development of diabetes mellitus by destruction of pancreatic β-cells. DJ-1 is an antioxidant protein and DJ-1 expression levels are known to be reduced in diabetes mellitus. Thus, we examined the effects of DJ-1 protein against oxidative stress-induced pancreatic β-cell (RINm5F) death using cell permeable wild-type and mutant-type (C106A) Tat-DJ-1 proteins, which both efficiently transduced into RINm5F cells. Intracellular stability of wild-type Tat-DJ-1 persisted two times longer than C106A Tat-DJ-1. Wild-type Tat-DJ-1 protein markedly protected cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced toxicities such as cell death, reactive oxygen species generation, and DNA fragmentation. Further, wild-type Tat-DJ-1 protein significantly inhibited hydrogen peroxide-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and NF-κB signaling. On the other hand, C106A Tat-DJ-1 protein did not show the same protective effects. These results indicate that wild-type Tat-DJ-1 inhibits oxidative stress-induced cellular toxicity and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and NF-κB signals in RINm5F cells. These results suggest that wild-type Tat-DJ-1 protein may be a potential therapeutic agent against diabetes mellitus or toward the prevention of pancreatic β-cell destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Sang Jo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252 Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Cha
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252 Korea
| | - Sang Jin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252 Korea
| | - Hyeon Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252 Korea
| | - Su Bin Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252 Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252 Korea
| | - Chi Hern Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252 Korea
| | - Eun Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252 Korea
| | - Yeon Joo Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252 Korea
| | - Won Sik Eum
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252 Korea
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252 Korea
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86
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Yim N, Ryu SW, Choi K, Lee KR, Lee S, Choi H, Kim J, Shaker MR, Sun W, Park JH, Kim D, Heo WD, Choi C. Exosome engineering for efficient intracellular delivery of soluble proteins using optically reversible protein-protein interaction module. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12277. [PMID: 27447450 PMCID: PMC4961865 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 383] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle-mediated delivery of functional macromolecules is a promising method for treating a variety of human diseases. Among nanoparticles, cell-derived exosomes have recently been highlighted as a new therapeutic strategy for the in vivo delivery of nucleotides and chemical drugs. Here we describe a new tool for intracellular delivery of target proteins, named 'exosomes for protein loading via optically reversible protein-protein interactions' (EXPLORs). By integrating a reversible protein-protein interaction module controlled by blue light with the endogenous process of exosome biogenesis, we are able to successfully load cargo proteins into newly generated exosomes. Treatment with protein-loaded EXPLORs is shown to significantly increase intracellular levels of cargo proteins and their function in recipient cells in vitro and in vivo. These results clearly indicate the potential of EXPLORs as a mechanism for the efficient intracellular transfer of protein-based therapeutics into recipient cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nambin Yim
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | | | - Kyungsun Choi
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
| | | | - Seunghee Lee
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Hojun Choi
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Jeongjin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Mohammed R Shaker
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Korea 21 Program, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Woong Sun
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Korea 21 Program, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Ji-Ho Park
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Daesoo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Won Do Heo
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.,Cancer Metastasis Control Center, KAIST Institute for the Biocentury, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.,Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34047, Korea
| | - Chulhee Choi
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea. .,Cellex Life Sciences Inc., Daejeon, 34141, Korea. .,Cancer Metastasis Control Center, KAIST Institute for the Biocentury, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
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87
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Effects of protein transduction domain (PTD) selection and position for improved intracellular delivery of PTD-Hsp27 fusion protein formulations. Arch Pharm Res 2016; 39:1266-74. [PMID: 27381220 PMCID: PMC5037156 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-016-0786-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Protein drugs have attracted considerable attention as therapeutic agents due to their diversity and biocompatibility. However, hydrophilic proteins possess difficulty in penetrating lipophilic cell membrane. Although protein transduction domains (PTDs) have shown effectiveness in protein delivery, the importance of selection and position of PTDs in recombinant protein vector constructs has not been investigated. This study intends to investigate the significance of PTD selection and position for therapeutic protein delivery. Heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) would be a therapeutic protein for the treatment of ischemic heart diseases, but itself is insufficient to prevent systemic degradation and overcoming biochemical barriers during cellular transport. Among all PTD-Hsp27 fusion proteins we cloned, Tat-Hsp27 fusion protein showed the highest efficacy. Nona-arginine (9R) conjugation to the N-terminal of Hsp27 (Hsp27-T) showed higher efficacy than C-terminal. To test the synergistic effect of two PTDs, Tat was inserted to the N-terminal of Hsp27-9R. Tat-Hsp27-9R exhibited enhanced transduction efficiency and significant improvement against oxidative stress and apoptosis. PTD-Hsp27 fusion proteins have strong potential to be developed as therapeutic proteins for the treatment of ischemic heart diseases and selection and position of PTDs for improved efficacy of PTD-fusion proteins need to be optimized considering protein’s nature, transduction efficiency and stability.
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88
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Ahn EH, Kim DW, Shin MJ, Ryu EJ, Yong JI, Chung SY, Cha HJ, Kim SJ, Choi YJ, Kim DS, Cho SW, Lee K, Cho YS, Kwon HY, Park J, Eum WS, Choi SY. Tat-ATOX1 inhibits streptozotocin-induced cell death in pancreatic RINm5F cells and attenuates diabetes in a mouse model. Int J Mol Med 2016; 38:217-24. [PMID: 27222268 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant 1 (ATOX1) functions as an antioxidant against hydrogen peroxide and superoxide, and therefore may play a significant role in many human diseases, including diabetes mellitus (DM). In the present study, we examined the protective effects of Tat-ATOX1 protein on streptozotocin (STZ)-exposed pancreatic insulinoma cells (RINm5F) and in a mouse model of STZ-induced diabetes using western blot analysis, immunofluorescence staining and MTT assay, as well as histological and biochemical analysis. Purified Tat-ATOX1 protein was efficiently transduced into RINm5F cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Additionally, Tat-ATOX1 protein markedly inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, DNA damage and the activation of Akt and mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in STZ-exposed RINm5F cells. In addition, Tat-ATOX1 protein transduced into mice pancreatic tissues and significantly decreased blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels as well as the body weight changes in a model of STZ-induced diabetes. These results indicate that transduced Tat-ATOX1 protein protects pancreatic β-cells by inhibiting STZ-induced cellular toxicity in vitro and in vivo. Based on these findings, we suggest that Tat-ATOX1 protein has potential applications as a therapeutic agent for oxidative stress-induced diseases including DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hee Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon‑do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jea Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon‑do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon‑do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji In Yong
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon‑do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Young Chung
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon‑do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Cha
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon‑do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon‑do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Joo Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon‑do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk-Soo Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Keunwook Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon‑do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Shin Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon‑do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeok Yil Kwon
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon‑do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sik Eum
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon‑do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon‑do 24252, Republic of Korea
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89
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Sohn EJ, Shin MJ, Eum WS, Kim DW, Yong JI, Ryu EJ, Park JH, Cho SB, Cha HJ, Kim SJ, Yeo HJ, Yeo EJ, Choi YJ, Im SK, Kweon HY, Kim DS, Yu YH, Cho SW, Park M, Park J, Cho YJ, Choi SY. Tat-NOL3 protects against hippocampal neuronal cell death induced by oxidative stress through the regulation of apoptotic pathways. Int J Mol Med 2016; 38:225-35. [PMID: 27221790 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced apoptosis is associated with neuronal cell death and ischemia. The NOL3 [nucleolar protein 3 (apoptosis repressor with CARD domain)] protein protects against oxidative stress-induced cell death. However, the protective mechanism responsible for this effect as well as the effects of NOL3 against oxidative stress in ischemia remain unclear. Thus, we examined the protective effects of NOL3 protein on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress and the mechanism responsible for these effects in hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells and in an animal model of forebrain ischemia using Tat-fused NOL3 protein (Tat-NOL3). Purified Tat-NOL3 protein transduced into the H2O2-exposed HT22 cells and inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA fragmentation and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). In addition, Tat-NOL3 prevented neuronal cell death through the regulation of apoptotic signaling pathways including Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-2, -3 and -8, PARP and p53. In addition, Tat-NOL3 protein transduced into the animal brains and significantly protected against neuronal cell death in the CA1 region of the hippocampus by regulating the activation of microglia and astrocytes. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that Tat-NOL3 protein protects against oxidative stress-induced neuronal cell death by regulating oxidative stress and by acting as an anti-apoptotic protein. Thus, we suggest that Tat-NOL3 represents a potential therapeutic agent for protection against ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jeong Sohn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jea Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sik Eum
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji In Yong
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Bin Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Cha
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Joo Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Kwon Im
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Young Kweon
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk-Soo Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Hee Yu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Meeyoung Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jun Cho
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24253, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
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90
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Lim S, Lee JA, Koo JH, Kang TG, Ha SJ, Choi JM. Cell Type Preference of a Novel Human Derived Cell-Permeable Peptide dNP2 and TAT in Murine Splenic Immune Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155689. [PMID: 27186978 PMCID: PMC4871486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-permeable peptides (CPPs) have been widely studied as an attractive drug delivery system to deliver therapeutic macromolecules such as DNA, RNA, and protein into cells. However, its clinical application is still limited and controversial due to the lack of a complete understanding of delivery efficiency in target cells. Previously we identified and characterized the novel and superior CPP, named dNP2, and here we comparatively analyzed intracellular delivery efficiency of dNP2 and TAT in various immune cells of mouse spleen to demonstrate their cell type preference. dNP2- or TAT-conjugated fluorescent proteins were most efficiently taken up by phagocytic cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages while little protein uptake was seen by lymphocytes including T cells, B cells, and NK cells. Interestingly CD8+ lymphoid dendritic cells and CD62LloCD44hi memory like T cell subsets showed significantly better uptake efficiency in vitro and in vivo relative to other dendritic cells or T cells, respectively. In addition, activated macrophages, T cells, and B cells took up the proteins more efficiently relative to when in the resting state. Importantly, only dNP2, not TAT, shows significant intracellular protein delivery efficiency in vivo. Collectively, this study provides important information regarding heterogeneous intracellular delivery efficiency of CPPs such as dNP2 and TAT with cell type preference in the spleen needed for its application in phagocytic cells or activated immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangho Lim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133–791, Korea
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133–791, Korea
| | - Jung-ah Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133–791, Korea
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133–791, Korea
| | - Ja-Hyun Koo
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133–791, Korea
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133–791, Korea
| | - Tae Gun Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120–749, Korea
| | - Sang-Jun Ha
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120–749, Korea
| | - Je-Min Choi
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133–791, Korea
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133–791, Korea
- * E-mail:
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91
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Eom SA, Kim DW, Shin MJ, Ahn EH, Chung SY, Sohn EJ, Jo HS, Jeon SJ, Kim DS, Kwon HY, Cho SW, Han KH, Park J, Eum WS, Choi SY. Protective effects of PEP-1-Catalase on stress-induced cellular toxicity and MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease. BMB Rep 2016; 48:395-400. [PMID: 25322954 PMCID: PMC4577289 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2015.48.7.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disability caused by a decrease of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Although the etiology of PD is not clear, oxidative stress is believed to lead to PD. Catalase is antioxidant enzyme which plays an active role in cells as a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger. Thus, we investigated whether PEP-1-Catalase protects against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) induced SH-SY5Y neuronal cell death and in a 1-methyl- 4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-trtrahydropyridine (MPTP) induced PD animal model. PEP-1-Catalase transduced into SH-SY5Y cells significantly protecting them against MPP+-induced death by decreasing ROS and regulating cellular survival signals including Akt, Bax, Bcl-2, and p38. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that transduced PEP-1-Catalase markedly protected against neuronal cell death in the SN in the PD animal model. Our results indicate that PEP-1-Catalase may have potential as a therapeutic agent for PD and other oxidative stress related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Ae Eom
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangnung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 210-702, Korea
| | - Min Jea Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Eun Hee Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Seok Young Chung
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Sohn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Hyo Sang Jo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Su-Jeong Jeon
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 330-090, Korea
| | - Duk-Soo Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 330-090, Korea
| | - Hyeok Yil Kwon
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Korea
| | - Kyu Hyung Han
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Jinseu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Won Sik Eum
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
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92
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Hwang HS, Park IY, Kim DW, Choi SY, Jung YO, Kim HA. PEP-1-FK506BP12 inhibits matrix metalloproteinase expression in human articular chondrocytes and in a mouse carrageenan-induced arthritis model. BMB Rep 2016; 48:407-12. [PMID: 25887750 PMCID: PMC4577291 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2015.48.7.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The 12 kDa FK506-binding protein (FK506BP12), an immunosuppressor, modulates T cell activation via calcineurin inhibition. In this study, we investigated the ability of PEP-1-FK506BP12, consisting of FK506BP12 fused to the protein transduction domain PEP-1 peptide, to suppress catabolic responses in primary human chondrocytes and in a mouse carrageenan-induced paw arthritis model. Western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis showed that PEP-1-FK506BP12 efficiently penetrated chondrocytes and cartilage explants. In interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-treated chondrocytes, PEP-1-FK506BP12 significantly suppressed the expression of catabolic enzymes, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-1, -3, and -13 in addition to cyclooxygenase-2, at both the mRNA and protein levels, whereas FK506BP12 alone did not. In addition, PEP-1-FK506BP12 decreased IL-1β-induced phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) complex (p38, JNK, and ERK) and the inhibitor kappa B alpha. In the mouse model of carrageenan-induced paw arthritis, PEP-1-FK506BP12 suppressed both carrageenan-induced MMP-13 production and paw inflammation. PEP-1-FK506BP12 may have therapeutic potential in the alleviation of OA progression. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(7): 407-412]
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Sook Hwang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang 431-060; Institute for Skeletal Aging, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea
| | - In Young Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang 431-060; Institute for Skeletal Aging, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea
| | - Young Ok Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul 150-950, Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang 431-060; Institute for Skeletal Aging, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea
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93
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A Novel p19 Fusion Protein as a Delivery Agent for Short-interfering RNAs. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2016; 5:e303. [PMID: 27045207 PMCID: PMC5014518 DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2016.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is the biological mechanism that allows targeted gene knockdown through the addition of exogenous short-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to cells and organisms. RNAi has revolutionized cell biology and holds enormous potential for human therapy. One of the major challenges facing RNAi as a therapy is achieving efficient and nontoxic delivery of siRNAs into the cell cytoplasm, since their highly anionic character precludes their passage across the cell membrane unaided. Herein, we report a novel fusion protein between the tombusviral p19 protein, which binds siRNAs with picomolar affinity, and the “TAT” peptide (RKKRRQRRRR), which is derived from the transactivator of transcription (TAT) protein of the human immunodeficiency virus and acts as a cell-penetrating peptide. We demonstrate that this fusion protein, 2x-p19-TAT, delivers siRNAs into the cytoplasm of human hepatoma cells where they elicit potent and sustained gene knockdown activity without toxic effects.
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94
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Haynes B, Zhang Y, Liu F, Li J, Petit S, Kothayer H, Bao X, Westwell AD, Mao G, Shekhar MPV. Gold nanoparticle conjugated Rad6 inhibitor induces cell death in triple negative breast cancer cells by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and PARP-1 hyperactivation: Synthesis and characterization. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2016; 12:745-757. [PMID: 26563438 PMCID: PMC4809765 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We recently developed a small molecule inhibitor SMI#9 for Rad6, a protein overexpressed in aggressive breast cancers and involved in DNA damage tolerance. SMI#9 induces cytotoxicity in cancerous cells but spares normal breast cells; however, its therapeutic efficacy is limited by poor solubility. Here we chemically modified SMI#9 to enable its conjugation and hydrolysis from gold nanoparticle (GNP). SMI#9-GNP and parent SMI#9 activities were compared in mesenchymal and basal triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype cells. Whereas SMI#9 is cytotoxic to all TNBC cells, SMI#9-GNP is endocytosed and cytotoxic only in mesenchymal TNBC cells. SMI#9-GNP endocytosis in basal TNBCs is compromised by aggregation. However, when combined with cisplatin, SMI#9-GNP is imported and synergistically increases cisplatin sensitivity. Like SMI#9, SMI#9-GNP spares normal breast cells. The released SMI#9 is active and induces cell death via mitochondrial dysfunction and PARP-1 stabilization/hyperactivation. This work signifies the development of a nanotechnology-based Rad6-targeting therapy for TNBCs. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR Protein Rad6 is overexpressed in breast cancer cells and its blockade may provide a new treatment against 3N breast cancer. The authors conjugated a small molecule inhibitor SMI#9 for Rad6 to gold nanoparticles in this study and showed that this new formulation specifically targeted chemo-resistant breast cancer cells and highlighted the importance of nanotechnology in drug carrier development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Haynes
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Yanhua Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University College of Engineering, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Fangchao Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University College of Engineering, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sarah Petit
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Hend Kothayer
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Wales, UK; Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Xun Bao
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Andrew D Westwell
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Wales, UK
| | - Guangzhao Mao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University College of Engineering, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Malathy P V Shekhar
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
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96
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Siew S, Kaneko M, Mie M, Kobatake E. Construction of a tissue-specific transcription factor-tethered extracellular matrix protein via coiled-coil helix formation. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:2512-2518. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb01579k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-specific transcription factor Olig2 was tethered to a designed artificial extracellular matrix proteinviacoiled-coil helix formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- SokeLee Siew
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Engineering
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Midori-ku
- Japan
| | - Mami Kaneko
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Engineering
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Midori-ku
- Japan
| | - Masayasu Mie
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Engineering
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Midori-ku
- Japan
| | - Eiry Kobatake
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Engineering
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Midori-ku
- Japan
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Chen H, Mruk DD, Xia W, Bonanomi M, Silvestrini B, Cheng CY. Effective Delivery of Male Contraceptives Behind the Blood-Testis Barrier (BTB) - Lesson from Adjudin. Curr Med Chem 2016; 23:701-13. [PMID: 26758796 PMCID: PMC4845722 DOI: 10.2174/0929867323666160112122724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The blood-testis barrier (BTB) is one of the tightest blood-tissue barriers in the mammalian body. It divides the seminiferous epithelium of the seminiferous tubule, the functional unit of the testis, where spermatogenesis takes place, into the basal and the adluminal (apical) compartments. Functionally, the BTB provides a unique microenvironment for meiosis I/II and post-meiotic spermatid development which take place exclusively in the apical compartment, away from the host immune system, and it contributes to the immune privilege status of testis. However, the BTB also poses major obstacles in developing male contraceptives (e.g., adjudin) that exert their effects on germ cells in the apical compartment, such as by disrupting spermatid adhesion to the Sertoli cell, causing germ cell exfoliation from the testis. Besides the tight junction (TJ) between adjacent Sertoli cells at the BTB that restricts the entry of contraceptives from the microvessels in the interstitium to the adluminal compartment, drug transporters, such as P-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), are also present that actively pump drugs out of the testis, limiting drug bioavailability. Recent advances in drug formulations, such as drug particle micronization (<50 μm) and co-grinding of drug particles with ß-cyclodextrin have improved bioavailability of contraceptives via considerable increase in solubility. Herein, we discuss development in drug formulations using adjudin as an example. We also put emphasis on the possible use of nanotechnology to deliver adjudin to the apical compartment with multidrug magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles. These advances in technology will significantly enhance our ability to develop effective non-hormonal male contraceptives for men.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Chuen-Yan Cheng
- Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Ave, New York 10065, USA..
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Photocontrolled Intracellular RNA Delivery Using Nanoparticles or Carrier–Photosensitizer Conjugates. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2016; 139:101-19. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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99
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GFP-complementation assay to detect functional CPP and protein delivery into living cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18329. [PMID: 26671759 PMCID: PMC4680871 DOI: 10.1038/srep18329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient cargo uptake is essential for cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) therapeutics, which deliver widely diverse cargoes by exploiting natural cell processes to penetrate the cell’s membranes. Yet most current CPP activity assays are hampered by limitations in assessing uptake, including confounding effects of conjugated fluorophores or ligands, indirect read-outs requiring secondary processing, and difficulty in discriminating internalization from endosomally trapped cargo. Split-complementation Endosomal Escape (SEE) provides the first direct assay visualizing true cytoplasmic-delivery of proteins at biologically relevant concentrations. The SEE assay has minimal background, is amenable to high-throughput processes, and adaptable to different transient and stable cell lines. This split-GFP-based platform can be useful to study transduction mechanisms, cellular imaging, and characterizing novel CPPs as pharmaceutical delivery agents in the treatment of disease.
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Milton S, Honcharenko D, Rocha CSJ, Moreno PMD, Smith CIE, Strömberg R. Nuclease resistant oligonucleotides with cell penetrating properties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:4044-7. [PMID: 25664358 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc08837a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
2'-O-AECM modified oligonucleotides provide an unusual combination of remarkable properties. This includes the combination of high resistance towards enzymatic degradation and the spontaneous cellular uptake of AECM oligonucleotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Milton
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Novum, Hälsovägen 7, SE-14183, Huddinge, Sweden.
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